snu-aidas/HVMap-dataset huggingface dataset:
FPGA based Time-to-Digital Converter

High-resolution Time-to-Digital converter (TDC) is one of the crucial blocks in Highenergy nuclear physics time of flight experiments. The contemporary time interval measurement techniques rely on employing methods like Time-to-Amplitude Conversion, Vernier method, Delay Locked Loops (DLL), Tapped Delay Lines (TDL), Differential Delay Lines (DDL) etc. Recently, FPGA based TDC designs with merits of low cost, fast development cycle and re-programmability are reported [1]. The TDC implementation in FPGA have design challenges and issues like, lack of direct control over the propagation delays, unpredictable Place & Route (P&R) delays and delay variations due to Process, Voltage & Temperature (PVT) variations. In the TDC design presented here, the resolution below the minimum gate delay is achieved by employing differential (Vernier oscillator) technique. The predictable P&R is achieved by manual P&R of the critical elements and avoiding the use of digital synthesis tools. Further, in order to compensate for the delay variations due to PVT, a calibration methodology is developed and implemented. By implementing the design in a Flash-based FPGA, the low power design objective is achieved.
Association of polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 with warfarin dose requirement and risk of bleeding complications

BACKGROUND
The cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 is responsible for the metabolism of S-warfarin. Two known allelic variants CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 differ from the wild type CYP2C9*1 by a single aminoacid substitution in each case. The allelic variants are associated with impaired hydroxylation of S-warfarin in in-vitro expression systems. We have studied the effect of CYP2C9 polymorphism on the in-vivo warfarin dose requirement.


METHODS
Patients with a daily warfarin dose requirement of 1.5 mg or less (low-dose group, n=36), randomly selected patients with a wide range of dose requirements from an anticoagulant clinic in north-east England (clinic control group, n=52), and 100 healthy controls from the community in the same region were studied. Genotyping for the CYP2C9*2 and CYP2C9*3 alleles was done by PCR analysis. Case notes were reviewed to assess the difficulties encountered during the induction of warfarin therapy and bleeding complications in the low-dose and clinic control groups.


FINDINGS
The odds ratio for individuals with a low warfarin dose requirement having one or more CYP2C9 variant alleles compared with the normal population was 6.21 (95% CI 2.48-15.6). Patients in the low-dose group were more likely to have difficulties at the time of induction of warfarin therapy (5.97 [2.26-15.82]) and have increased risk of major bleeding complications (rate ratio 3.68 [1.43-9.50]) when compared with randomly selected clinic controls.


INTERPRETATION
We have shown that there is a strong association between CYP2C9 variant alleles and low warfarin dose requirement. CYP2C9 genotyping may identify a subgroup of patients who have difficulty at induction of warfarin therapy and are potentially at a higher risk of bleeding complications.
Examining the benefits and challenges of using audience response systems: A review of the literature

0360-1315/$ see front matter Crown Copyright 2 doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2009.05.001 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 905 721 8668x267 E-mail address: robin.kay@uoit.ca (R.H. Kay). 1 Tel.: +1 905 721 8668x2886. Audience response systems (ARSs) permit students to answer electronically displayed multiple choice questions using a remote control device. All responses are instantly presented, in chart form, then reviewed and discussed by the instructor and the class. A brief history of ARSs is offered including a discussion of the 26 labels used to identify this technology. Next a detailed review of 67 peer-reviewed papers from 2000 to 2007 is offered presenting the benefits and challenges associated with the use of an ARS. Key benefits for using ARSs include improvements to the classroom environment (increases in attendance, attention levels, participation and engagement), learning (interaction, discussion, contingent teaching, quality of learning, learning performance), and assessment (feedback, formative, normative). The biggest challenges for teachers in using ARSs are time needed to learn and set up the ARS technology, creating effective ARS questions, adequate coverage of course material, and ability to respond to instantaneous student feedback. Student challenges include adjusting to a new method of learning, increased confusion when multiple perspectives are discussed, and negative reactions to being monitored. It is concluded that more systematic, detailed research is needed in a broader range of contexts. Crown Copyright 2009 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
An algorithm for treatment of the drooping nose.

UNLABELLED
Nasal tip ptosis ("drooping" or long nose) occurs when the tip of the nose is more caudal than what is deemed ideal. Intrinsic factors, such as elongated or caudally-rotated lower lateral cartilages, can lead to nasal tip ptosis. Extrinsic factors, such as elongated upper lateral cartilages or excessive caudal anterior septum and heavy nasal skin, can push the nasal tip caudally and lead to drooping of the nasal tip. The loss of maxillary or nasal spine support may enhance the potential for tip ptosis. In addition, a hyperactive depressor nasi septi could, as a result of continuous pull on the tip, result in tip ptosis. Aging or previous nasal procedures (such as the Goldman-type tip surgery) where the continuity of the lateral and medial crura of the lower lateral cartilages have been violated may cause a weakening of the tip-supporting mechanisms and de-rotation of the nasal tip. Correction of this deformity is challenging and rewarding; it can resolve both the cosmetic deformity and nasal obstruction symptoms related to this entity. The goal of this article is to present our current principles of diagnosis and treatment of nasal tip ptosis, as well as to introduce and algorithm of preferred methods and techniques for its reliable and stable correction.


RESULTS
Correction of the nasal tip ptosis requires accurate diagnosis, a recognition of the interplay between various anatomic components, specific strategy planning, and a correction of anatomic abnormalities.
The TangibleK Robotics Program: Applied Computational Thinking for Young Children.

This article describes the TangibleK robotics program for young children. Based on over a decade of research, this program is grounded on the belief that teaching children about the human-made world, the realm of technology and engineering, is as important as teaching them about the natural world, numbers, and letters. The TangibleK program uses robotics as a tool to engage children in developing computational thinking and learning about the engineering design process. It includes a research-based, developmentally appropriate robotics kit that children can use to make robots and program their behaviors. The curriculum has been piloted in kindergarten classrooms and in summer camps and lab settings. The author presents the theoretical framework that informs TangibleK and the “powerful ideas” from computer science and robotics on which the curriculum is based, linking them to other disciplinary areas and developmental characteristics of early childhood. The article concludes with a description of classroom pedagogy and activities, along with assessment tools used to evaluate learning outcomes.
Knowledge sharing in open source software communities: motivations and management

Copyright © and Moral Rights are retained by the author(s) and/ or other copyright owners. A copy can be downloaded for personal non-commercial research or study, without prior permission or charge. This item cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.
Developing Competency Models to Promote Integrated Human Resource Practices • 309 DEVELOPING COMPETENCY MODELS TO PROMOTE INTEGRATED HUMAN RESOURCE PRACTICES

Today, competencies are used in many facets of human resource management, ranging from individual selection, development, and performance management to organizational strategic planning. By incorporating competencies into job analysis methodologies, the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) has developed robust competency models that can form the foundation for each of these initiatives. OPM has placed these models into automated systems to ensure access for employees, human resources professionals, and managers. Shared access to the data creates a shared frame of reference and a common language of competencies that have provided the basis for competency applications in public sector agencies. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Schedulability Analysis Using Uppaal: Herschel-Planck Case Study

We propose a modeling framework for performing schedulability analysis by using Uppaal real-time model-checker [2]. The framework is inspired by a case study where schedulability analysis of a satellite system is performed. The framework assumes a single CPU hardware where a fixed priority preemptive scheduler is used in a combination with two resource sharing protocols and in addition voluntary task suspension is considered. The contributions include the modeling framework, its application on an industrial case study and a comparison of results with classical response time analysis.
A Probabilistic Framework for Real-time 3D Segmentation using Spatial, Temporal, and Semantic Cues

The best-matching segment is then assigned to this groundtruth bounding box for the evaluation metric described in our paper, as well as for the metric described below. Some previous works have evaluated 3D segmentation using the intersection-over-union metric on 3D points [5]. Note that our method segments the entire scene, as opposed to the method of Wang et al. [5], so the evaluation metric from Wang et al. [5] does not directly apply. However, we could modify the intersection-over-union metric [5] as follows: we can compute the fraction of ground-truth bounding boxes which have an intersection-over-union score less than a threshold τIOU , as
Monitoring of Micro-sleep and Sleepiness for the Drivers Using EEG Signal

................................................................................................................................................... 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................................. 5 LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................................................... 8 LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................................................ 9 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................................................ 10 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................................... 11 BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................................... 13 METHODS .................................................................................................................................................. 17 PRE-PROCESSING ................................................................................................................................... 20 FEATURE EXTRACTION ........................................................................................................................... 24 SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE ................................................................................................................. 31 RELATED WORK ......................................................................................................................................... 41 Extraction of Feature Information in EEG Signal ................................................................................... 41 Sleepiness and health problems in drivers who work driving some kind of vehicle with nocturnal and shift works ............................................................................................................................................. 43 SVM Regression Training with SMO ...................................................................................................... 48 EVALUATION AND CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................... 52 FUTURE WORK ........................................................................................................................................... 55 REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................. 58
Improving Liver Lesion Detection using CT-to-PET FCN and GAN Networks

We present a brief description of our recent work that was submitted for journal publication introducing a novel system for generation of virtual PET images using CT scans [1]. We combine a fully convolutional network (FCN) with a conditional generative adversarial network (GAN) to synthesize PET images from given input CT images. Clinically, such solutions may reduce the need for the more expensive and radioactive PET/CT scan. Quantitative evaluation was conducted using an existing lesion detection software, combining the synthesized PET as a false positive reduction layer for the detection of malignant lesions in the liver. Current results look promising showing a reduction in the average false positive per case while keeping the same true positive rate. The suggested solution is comprehensive and can be expanded to additional body organs, and different modalities.
A Sentimental Education: Sentiment Analysis Using Subjectivity Summarization Based on Minimum Cuts

Sentiment analysis seeks to identify the viewpoint(s) underlying a text span; an example application is classifying a movie review as “thumbs up” or “thumbs down”. To determine this sentiment polarity, we propose a novel machine-learning method that applies text-categorization techniques to just the subjective portions of the document. Extracting these portions can be implemented using efficient techniques for finding minimum cuts in graphs; this greatly facilitates incorporation of cross-sentence contextual constraints. Publication info: Proceedings of the ACL, 2004.
A Differential Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Algorithm for real parameter optimization

Hybridization in context to Evolutionary Computation (EC) aims at combining the operators and methodologies from different EC paradigms to form a single algorithm that may enjoy a statistically superior performance on a wide variety of optimization problems. In this article we propose an efficient hybrid evolutionary algorithm that embeds the difference vector-based mutation scheme, the crossover and the selection strategy of Differential Evolution (DE) into another recently developed global optimization algorithm known as Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Strategy (CMA-ES). CMA-ES is a stochastic method for real parameter (continuous domain) optimization of non-linear, non-convex functions. The algorithm includes adaptation of covariance matrix which is basically an alternative method of traditional Quasi-Newton method for optimization based on gradient method. The hybrid algorithm, referred by us as Differential Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Algorithm (DCMA-EA), turns out to possess a better blending of the explorative and exploitative behaviors as compared to the original DE and original CMAES, through empirical simulations. Though CMA-ES has emerged itself as a very efficient global optimizer, its performance deteriorates when it comes to dealing with complicated fitness landscapes, especially landscapes associated with noisy, hybrid composition functions and many real world optimization problems. In order to improve the overall performance of CMA-ES, the mutation, crossover and selection operators of DE have been incorporated into CMA-ES to synthesize the hybrid algorithm DCMA-EA. We compare DCMA-EA with original DE and CMA-EA, two best known DE-variants: SaDE and JADE, and two state-of-the-art real optimizers: IPOP-CMA-ES (Restart Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy with increasing population size) and DMS-PSO (Dynamic Multi Swarm Particle Swarm Optimization) over a test-suite of 20 shifted, rotated, and compositional benchmark functions and also two engineering optimization problems. Our comparative study indicates that although the hybridization scheme does not impose any serious burden on DCMA-EA in terms of number of Function Evaluations (FEs), DCMA-EA still enjoys a statistically superior performance over most of the tested benchmarks and especially over the multi-modal, rotated, and compositional ones in comparison to the other algorithms considered here. 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. y Elsevier Inc. osh), swagatam.das@isical.ac.in (S. Das), roy.subhrajit20@gmail.com (S. Roy), skminha.isl@gmail.com ganthan). 200 S. Ghosh et al. / Information Sciences 182 (2012) 199–219
Interaactive map projections and distortion

We introduce several new methods for visualizing map projections and their associated distortions. These methods are embodied in the Interactive Map Projections system which allows users to view a representation of the Earth simultaneously as a sphere and as a projection with the ability to interact with both images. The relationship between the globe and the projection is enhanced by the use of explicit visualization of the intermediate developable geometric shapes used in the projection. A tool is built on top of the Interactive Map Projections system that provides a new method of visualizing map projection distortion. The central idea is one or more floating rings on the globe that can be interactively positioned and scaled. As the rings are manipulated on the globe, the corresponding projection of the rings are distorted using the same map projection parameters. This method is applied to study areal and angular distortion and is particularly useful when analyzing large geographical extents (such as in global climate studies) where distortions are significant, as well as visualizations for which information is geo-referenced and perhaps scaled to the underlying map. The floating ring tool is further enhanced to study 3D data sets placed over or under map projections. Examples include atmospheric and oceanographic data, respectively. Here, the ring is extended into a cone with apex at the center of the sphere and emanating beyond the surface into the atmosphere. It serves as a reminder that distortion exists in maps and data overlayed over maps, and provides information about the degree, location, and type of distortion. # 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
InfoGAN: Interpretable Representation Learning by Information Maximizing Generative Adversarial Nets

This paper describes InfoGAN, an information-theoretic extension to the Generative Adversarial Network that is able to learn disentangled representations in a completely unsupervised manner. InfoGAN is a generative adversarial network that also maximizes the mutual information between a small subset of the latent variables and the observation. We derive a lower bound of the mutual information objective that can be optimized efficiently. Specifically, InfoGAN successfully disentangles writing styles from digit shapes on the MNIST dataset, pose from lighting of 3D rendered images, and background digits from the central digit on the SVHN dataset. It also discovers visual concepts that include hair styles, presence/absence of eyeglasses, and emotions on the CelebA face dataset. Experiments show that InfoGAN learns interpretable representations that are competitive with representations learned by existing supervised methods. For an up-to-date version of this paper, please see https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.03657.
Today ’ s State-Owned Enterprises of China : Are They Dying Dinosaurs or Dynamic Dynamos ?

NOTE: The authors thank Bianca Bain for her assistance on an earlier draft of the paper and the University of Macao for providing financial support. Summary This paper raises the question and provides empirical evidence regarding the status of the evolution of the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China today. In this study, we compare the SOEs to domestic private-owned enterprises (POEs) and foreign-controlled businesses (FCBs) in the context of their organizational cultures. While a new ownership form, many of the POEs, evolved from former collectives that reflect the traditional values of Chinese business. Conversely, the FCBs are much more indicative of the large global MNCs. Therefore, we look at the SOEs in the context of these two reference points. We conclude that the SOEs of today have substantially transformed to approximate a configuration desired by the Chinese government when it began the SOE transformation a couple of decades ago to make them globally competitive. The SOEs of today appear to be appropriately described as China's economic dynamic dynamo for the future.
An examination of the celebrity endorsements and online customer reviews influence female consumers' shopping behavior

0747-5632/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier Ltd. A http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2012.08.005 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +886 2 2737 6764; fa E-mail address: melodyps@gmail.com (P.-S. Wei). The goal of this study is to compare the influence of celebrity endorsements to online customer reviews on female shopping behavior. Based on AIDMA and AISAS models, we design an experiment to investigate consumer responses to search good and experience good respectively. The results revealed that search good (shoes) endorsed by a celebrity in an advertisement evoked significantly more attention, desire, and action from the consumer than did an online customer review. We also found that online customer reviews emerged higher than the celebrity endorsement on the scale of participants’ memory, search and share attitudes toward the experience good (toner). Implications for marketers as well as suggestions for future research are discussed. 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Information-Driven Dynamic Sensor Collaboration for Tracking Applications

This article overviews the information-driven approach to sensor collaboration in ad hoc sensor networks. The main idea is for a network to determine participants in a " sensor collaboration " by dynamically optimizing the information utility of data for a given cost of communication and computation. A definition of information utility is introduced, and several approximate measures of the information utility are developed for reasons of computational tractability. We illustrate the use of this approach using examples drawn from tracking applications. I. INTRODUCTION The technology of wirelessly networked micro-sensors promises to revolutionize the way we live, work, and interact with the physical environment. For example, tiny, inexpensive sensors can be " sprayed " onto roads, walls, or machines to monitor and detect a variety of interesting events such as highway traffic, wildlife habitat condition, forest fire, manufacturing job flow, and military battlefield situation.