MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE OF A REFINED VALUES SCALE 1 Running Head : MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE OF A REFINED VALUES SCALE The Cross-National Invariance Properties of a New Scale to Measure 19 Basic Human Values . A Test across Eight Countries

Several studies that measured basic human values across countries with the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ-21) reported violations of measurement invariance. Such violations may hinder meaningful cross-cultural research on human values because value scores may not be comparable. Schwartz et al. (2012) proposed a refined value theory and a new instrument (PVQ-5X) to measure 19 more narrowly defined values. We tested the measurement invariance of this instrument across eight countries. Configural and metric invariance were established for all values across almost all countries. Scalar invariance was supported across nearly all countries for 10 values. The analyses revealed that the cross-country invariance properties of the values measured with the PVQ-5X are substantially better than those measured with the PVQ-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022114527348 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-94906 Accepted Version Originally published at: Cieciuch, Jan; Davidov, Eldad; Vecchione, Michele; Beierlein, Constanze; Schwartz, Shalom H (2014). The Cross-National Invariance Properties of a New Scale to Measure 19 Basic Human Values: A Test Across Eight Countries. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 45(5):764-776. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0022022114527348 MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE OF A REFINED VALUES SCALE Jan Cieciuch Institute of Sociology, University of Zurich, Switzerland and University of Finance and Management, Warsaw, Poland Eldad Davidov Institute of Sociology, University of Zurich, Switzerland Michele Vecchione “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy Constanze Beierlein Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, GESIS, Mannheim, Germany Shalom H. Schwartz The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel and National Research University-Higher School of Economics, Moscow This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology following peer review. It was first published online in this journal on March 19, 2014. The definitive publisher-authenticated version is available online at: http://jcc.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/03/14/0022022114527348 or under doi: 10.1177/0022022114527348 MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE OF A REFINED VALUES SCALE 1 Running Head: MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE OF A REFINED VALUES SCALE The Cross-National Invariance Properties of a New Scale to Measure 19 Basic Human Values. A Test across Eight Countries Jan Cieciuch jancieciuch@gmail.com Institute of Sociology, University of Zurich, Switzerland and University of Finance and Management, Warsaw, Poland Contact address: Andreasstrasse 15, CH-8050 Zurich, Switzerland Tel: +41 44 635 23 22, Fax: +41 44 635 23 99 Eldad Davidov Institute of Sociology, University of Zurich, Switzerland Michele Vecchione “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy Constanze Beierlein Leibniz-Institute for the Social Sciences, GESIS, Mannheim, Germany Shalom H. Schwartz The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel and National Research University-Higher School of Economics, Moscow MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE OF A REFINED VALUES SCALE 2 Author Note The work of the first and second authors on this paper was supported by the Scientific Exchange Program (Switzerland) and the Research Priority Program ‘Social Networks’, University of Zurich. The work of the first author was partially supported by Grant DEC2011/01/D/HS6/04077 from the Polish National Science Centre. The work of the fifth author on this paper was partly supported by the Higher School of Economics (HSE) Basic Research Program (International Laboratory of Socio-Cultural Research). The second author would like to thank the EUROLAB, GESIS, Cologne, for their hospitality during work on this paper. The authors would like to thank Lisa Trierweiler for the English proof of the manuscript. MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE OF A REFINED VALUES SCALE 3 Abstract Several studies that measured basic human values across countries with the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ-21) reported violations of measurement invariance. Such violations may hinder meaningful cross-cultural research on human values because value scores may not be comparable. Schwartz et al. (2012) proposed a refined value theory and a new instrument (PVQ-5X) to measure 19 more narrowly defined values. We tested the measurement invariance of this instrument across eight countries. Configural and metric invariance were established for all values across almost all countries. Scalar invariance was supported across nearly all countries for 10 values. The analyses revealed that the cross-country invariance properties of the values measured with the PVQ-5X are substantially better than those measured with the PVQ-21.Several studies that measured basic human values across countries with the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ-21) reported violations of measurement invariance. Such violations may hinder meaningful cross-cultural research on human values because value scores may not be comparable. Schwartz et al. (2012) proposed a refined value theory and a new instrument (PVQ-5X) to measure 19 more narrowly defined values. We tested the measurement invariance of this instrument across eight countries. Configural and metric invariance were established for all values across almost all countries. Scalar invariance was supported across nearly all countries for 10 values. The analyses revealed that the cross-country invariance properties of the values measured with the PVQ-5X are substantially better than those measured with the PVQ-21.