snu-aidas/HVMap-dataset huggingface dataset:
Technochange management: using IT to drive organizational change

Using IT in ways that can trigger major organizational changes creates high-risk, potentially high-reward, situations that I call technochange (for technology-driven organizational change). Technochange differs from typical IT projects and from typical organizational change programs and therefore requires a different approach. One major risk in technochange—that people will not use information technology and related work practices—is not thoroughly addressed by the discipline of IT project management, which focuses on project cost, project schedule, and solution functionality. Organizational change management approaches are also generally not effective on their own, because they take as a given the IT ‘‘solutions’’ developed by a technical team. Consequently, the potential for the IT ‘‘solution’’ to be misaligned with important organizational characteristics, such as culture or incentives, is great. Merely combining IT project management and organizational change management approaches does not produce the best results, for two reasons. First, the additive approach does not effectively address the many failure-threatening problems that can arise over the lengthy sequential process of the typical technochange lifecycle. Second, the additive approach is not structured to produce the characteristics of a good technochange solution: a complete intervention consisting of IT and complementary organizational changes, an implementable solution with minimal misfits with the existing organization, and an organization primed to appropriate the potential bene¢ts of the technochange solution. With hard work and care, the combined IT project management plus organizational change approach can be made to work. However, an iterative, incremental approach to implementing technochange can be a better strategy in many situations. The essential characteristic of the technochange prototyping approach is that each phase involves both new IT functionality and related organizational changes, such as redesigned business processes, new performance metrics, and training. Journal of Information Technology (2004) 19, 4–20. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000002
Multimedia, hypermedia, and hypertext: Motivation considered and reconsidered

Computer-based instruction (CBI) is becoming increasingly popular in the classroom, particularly because the latest technological advancements allow for visually rich and interactive environments. While the inherent nature of CBIs is often thought to engage learners, research examining the role of motivation in learning with these environments has resulted in mixed findings. These findings are further complicated by unique design characteristics of distinct CBIs. This literature review synthesizes research that has examined the role of theoretically-grounded constructs of motivation in the context of three popular CBIs, multimedia, hypermedia, and hypertext. Specifically, this literature review considered empirical studies that examined the effect of these CBIs on motivation, in addition to the effect of motivation on learning outcomes and the learning process within the context of these environments. The literature review concludes with a theoretical consideration of previous research and a discussion of a framework for future directions. 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Position-aware activity recognition with wearable devices

Reliable human activity recognition with wearable devices enables the development of human-centric pervasive applications.We aim to develop a robust wearable-based activity recognition system for real life situations where the device position is up to the user or where a user is unable to collect initial training data. Consequently, in this work we focus on the problem of recognizing the on-body position of the wearable device ensued by comprehensive experiments concerning subject-specific and cross-subjects activity recognition approaches that rely on acceleration data. We introduce a device localization method that predicts the on-body position with an F-measure of 89% and a cross-subjects activity recognition approach that considers common physical characteristics. In this context, we present a real world data set that has been collected from 15 participants for 8 common activities where they carried 7 wearable devices in different on-body positions. Our results show that the detection of the device position consistently improves the result of activity recognition for common activities. Regarding cross-subjects models, we identified the waist as the most suitable device location at which the acceleration patterns for the same activity across several people are most similar. In this context, our results provide evidence for the reliability of physical characteristics based cross-subjectsmodels. © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Rule extraction from autoencoder-based connectionist computational models

1College of Computer Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China 2Developmental Neurocognition Lab, Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK 3College of Computer Science and Technology, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, China Correspondence Juan Yang, College of Computer Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China. Email: jkxy_yjuan@sicnu.edu.cn Funding information National Natural Science Foundation of China, Grant/Award Number: (61402309); UK Economic and Social Research Council, Grant/Award Number: RES-062-23-2721 Summary Mapping problems are typical research topics related to natural language learning, and they include not only classification mappings but also nonclassification mappings, such as verbs and their past tenses. Connectionist computational models are one of the most popular approaches for simulating those mapping problems; however, their lack of explanatory ability has prevented them from being further used to understand the language learning process. Therefore, the work of extracting rational rules from a connectionist model is as important as simulating the mapping behaviors. Unfortunately, there is no available technique that can be directly applied in those computational models to simulate nonclassification problems. In this paper, an autoencoder-based connectionist computational model is proposed to derive a rule extraction method that can construct “If-Then” rational relations with high fidelity for nonclassification mapping problems. To demonstrate its generalizability, this computational model is extended to a modified version to address a multi-label classification mapping problem related to cognitive style prediction. Experiments prove this computational model's simulation ability and its explanatory ability on nonclassification problems by comparing its fidelity performances with those of the classical connectionist computational model (multilayer perceptron artificial neural network), and its similar ability on a multi-label classification problem (Felder-Silverman learning style classification) by comparing its prediction accuracy with those of other rule induction techniques.
Beyond Autograding: Advances in Student Feedback Platforms

1. SUMMARY Automatic grading of programming assignments has been a feature of computer science courses for almost as long as there have been computer science courses [1]. However, contemporary autograding systems in computer science courses have extended their scope far beyond performing automated assessment to include gamification [2], test coverage analysis [3], managing human-authored feedback, contest adjudication [4], secure remote code execution [5], and more. Many of these individual features have been described and evaluated in the computer science education literature, but little attention has been given to the practical benefits and challenges of using the systems that implement these features in computer science courses.
Guillain-Barré Syndrome in India: population-based validation of the Brighton criteria.

OBJECTIVE
Case definitions of GBS were recently developed in response to the 2009 H1N1 vaccination programme but have undergone limited field testing. We validate the sensitivity of the Brighton Working Group case definitions for Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) using a population-based cohort in India.


METHODS
The National Polio Surveillance Unit of India actively collects all cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in children <15 years old, including cases of GBS. Cases of GBS with available cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) results, neurological examination, clinical history, and exclusion of related diagnoses were selected (2002-2003). Relevant data were abstracted and entered into a central database. Sensitivity of the Brighton GBS criteria for level 3 of diagnostic certainty which requires no clinical laboratory testing, level 2 which employs CSF or NCS, and level 1 which employs both, were calculated.


RESULTS
79 cases of GBS (mean age 6.5 years, range 4.0-14.5; 39% female) met the case definition. GBS cases were ascending (79%), symmetrical (85%), and bilateral (100%); involving lower extremity hypotonia (86%) and weakness (100%), upper extremity hypotonia (62%) and weakness (80%), areflexia/hyporeflexia (88%), respiratory muscles (22%), bulbar muscles (22%), and cranial nerves (13%). Four limbs were involved in 80% of cases. Mean time to maximal weakness was 5.2 days (range 0.5-30 days) with nadir GBS disability scores of 3 (7%), 4 (67%), 5 (15%), 6 (10%), or unclear (1%). CSF (mean time to lumbar puncture 29 days) was normal in 29% with cytoalbuminologic dissociation in 65% (mean protein 105 mg/dL, range 10-1000; mean cell count 11/μL, range 0-220, n=4 with >50 cells/μL). Significant improvement occurred in 73% whereas death (9%) occurred 6-29 days after sensorimotor symptom onset. The majority of cases (86%) fulfilled Brighton level 3, level 2 (84%), and level 1 (62%) of diagnostic certainty.


CONCLUSION
The diagnosis of GBS can be made using Brighton Working Group criteria in India with moderate to high sensitivity. Brighton Working Group case definitions are a plausible standard for capturing a majority of cases of GBS in field operations in low income settings during AFP surveillance.
3 D Tracking via Body Radio Reflections by

This thesis presents WiTrack, a system that tracks the 3D motion of a user from the radio signals reflected off her body. It works even if the person is occluded from the WiTrack device or in a different room. WiTrack does not require the user to carry any wireless device, yet its accuracy exceeds current RF localization systems, which require the user to hold a transceiver. Empirical measurements with a WiTrack prototype show that, on average, it localizes the center of a human body to within a median of 10 to 13 cm in the x and y dimensions, and 21 cm in the z dimension. It also provides coarse tracking of body parts, identifying the direction of a pointing hand with a median of 11.20. WiTrack bridges a gap between RF-based localization systems which locate a user through walls and occlusions, and human-computer interaction systems like Kinect, which can track a user without instrumenting her body, but require the user to stay within the direct line of sight of the device. Thesis Supervisor: Dina Katabi Title: Professor of Computer Science and Engineering
MATLAB functions to analyze directional (azimuthal) data - II: Correlation

Data that represent azimuthal directions cannot be analyzed in the same manner as ordinary linear variables that measure, for example, size or quality. This is especially true for correlations between variables. Although many statistical techniques have been developed for dealing with directional data, software is scarce for the unique calculations. This paper describes a MATLAB script, located on the IAMG server, that calculates measures of association (correlations) between two circular variables, or between a circular and a linear variable. The calculations include tests of significance of the associations. These tests use large-sample approximations or resampling methods. r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Iterative thresholding based image segmentation using 2D improved Otsu algorithm

Threshold based segmentation methods can effectively separate objects from the background. The conventional Otsu's method can achieve good result only when the histogram of an image has two distinct peaks. In this paper, an iterative thresholding based on 2D improved Otsu method using a novel threshold value recognition function is proposed which is used to find the optimum threshold value in different types of histograms and separate into two classes. For the two classes separated by the above threshold value, mean values are computed. Based on the threshold value and the two mean values, the histogram of an image is divided iteratively into three regions, namely, the Foreground (FG) region, Background (BG) region and To-Be-Processed (TBP) region. The pixels greater than the larger mean belongs to FG region, the pixel which are lesser than the smaller mean belongs to BG region. The pixel that lies between the two mean values belongs to the TBP region and only this region is processed at next iteration, the FG and BG region are not processed further. Again for that TBP region, the novel threshold value recognition function is used to find a new threshold value and then the two mean values are computed to separate into three classes, namely, the FG, BG and TBP region. Then the new TBP region is processed in a similar manner iteratively until the two mean values computed at successive iterations are not changed. Finally all the previously determined foreground regions are combined separately and the background regions are combined separately to give the segmented image. The experimental results show that the proposed method performs well in detecting the objects and has better anti-noise performance compared with the existing methods.
One-DOF Cylindrical Deployable Structures with Rigid Quadrilateral Panels

In this paper,we present a novel cylindrical deployable structure and variations of its design with the following characteristics: 1. Flat-foldable: The shape flattens into a compact 2D configuration. 2. Rigid-foldable: Each element does not deform throughout the transformation. 3. One-DOF: The mechanism has exactly one degree of freedom. 4. Thick: Facets can be substituted with thick or multilayered panels without introducing the distortion of elements.
Agronomy for sustainable agriculture. A review

Sustainability rests on the principle that we must meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Starving people in poor nations, obesity in rich nations, increasing food prices, on-going climate changes, increasing fuel and transportation costs, flaws of the global market, worldwide pesticide pollution, pest adaptation and resistance, loss of soil fertility and organic carbon, soil erosion, decreasing biodiversity, desertification, and so on. Despite unprecedented advances in sciences allowing us to visit planets and disclose subatomic particles, serious terrestrial issues about food show clearly that conventional agriculture is no longer suited to feeding humans and preserving ecosystems. Sustainable agriculture is an alternative for solving fundamental and applied issues related to food production in an ecological way (Lal (2008) Agron. Sustain. Dev. 28, 57–64.). While conventional agriculture is driven almost solely by productivity and profit, sustainable agriculture integrates biological, chemical, physical, ecological, economic and social sciences in a comprehensive way to develop new farming practices that are safe and do not degrade our environment. To address current agronomical issues and to promote worldwide discussions and cooperation we implemented sharp changes at the journal Agronomy for Sustainable Development from 2003 to 2006. Here we report (1) the results of the renovation of the journal and (2) a short overview of current concepts of agronomical research for sustainable agriculture. Considered for a long time as a soft, side science, agronomy is rising fast as a central science because current issues are about food, and humans eat food. This report is the introductory article of the book Sustainable Agriculture, volume 1, published by EDP Sciences and Springer (Lichtfouse et al. (2009) Sustainable Agriculture, Vol. 1, Springer, EDP Sciences, in press).
An objective and standardized test of hand function.
Resilience to natural hazards : How useful is this concept ?

Resilience is widely seen as a desirable system property in environmental management. This paper explores the concept of resilience to natural hazards, using weather-related hazards in coastal megacities as an example. The paper draws on the wide literature on megacities, coastal hazards, hazard risk reduction strategies, and resilience within environmental management. Some analysts define resilience as a system attribute, whilst others use it as an umbrella concept for a range of system attributes deemed desirable. These umbrella concepts have not been made operational to support planning or management. It is recommended that resilience only be used in a restricted sense to describe specific system attributes concerning (i) the amount of disturbance a system can absorb and still remain within the same state or domain of attraction and (ii) the degree to which the system is capable of selforganisation. The concept of adaptive capacity, which has emerged in the context of climate change, can then be adopted as the umbrella concept, where resilience will be one factor influencing adaptive capacity. This improvement to conceptual clarity would foster much-needed communication between the natural hazards and the climate change communities and, more importantly, offers greater potential in application, especially when attempting to move away from disaster recovery to hazard prediction, disaster prevention, and preparedness. r 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Estimation and Removal of Clock Skew from Network Delay Measurements

Packet delay and loss traces are frequently used by network engineers, as well as network applications, to analyze netw ork performance. The clocks on the end-systems used to measure the dela ys, however, are not always synchronized, and this lack of synchron ization reduces the accuracy of these measurements. Therefore, estimating and removing relative skews and offsets from delay measurements between sender and receiver clocks are critical to the accurate assessment and analysis of network performance. In this paper we introduce a linear programming-based algorithm to estimate the clock skew in network delay measur ements and compare it with three other algorithms. We show that our algorithm has time complexity of O(N), leaves the delay after the skew removal positive, and is robust in the sense that the error margin of the skew est imate is independent of the magnitude of the skew. We use traces of real Int ernet delay measurements to assess the algorithm, and compare its perfo rmance to that of three other algorithms. Furthermore, we show through simulation that our algorithm is unbiased, and that the sample variance of the skew estimate is better (smaller) than existing algorithms. Keywords— clock skew, clock ratio, end-to-end delay, delay measurement.
Research Paper: Creating an Online Dictionary of Abbreviations from MEDLINE

OBJECTIVE
The growth of the biomedical literature presents special challenges for both human readers and automatic algorithms. One such challenge derives from the common and uncontrolled use of abbreviations in the literature. Each additional abbreviation increases the effective size of the vocabulary for a field. Therefore, to create an automatically generated and maintained lexicon of abbreviations, we have developed an algorithm to match abbreviations in text with their expansions.


DESIGN
Our method uses a statistical learning algorithm, logistic regression, to score abbreviation expansions based on their resemblance to a training set of human-annotated abbreviations. We applied it to Medstract, a corpus of MEDLINE abstracts in which abbreviations and their expansions have been manually annotated. We then ran the algorithm on all abstracts in MEDLINE, creating a dictionary of biomedical abbreviations. To test the coverage of the database, we used an independently created list of abbreviations from the China Medical Tribune.


MEASUREMENTS
We measured the recall and precision of the algorithm in identifying abbreviations from the Medstract corpus. We also measured the recall when searching for abbreviations from the China Medical Tribune against the database.


RESULTS
On the Medstract corpus, our algorithm achieves up to 83% recall at 80% precision. Applying the algorithm to all of MEDLINE yielded a database of 781,632 high-scoring abbreviations. Of all the abbreviations in the list from the China Medical Tribune, 88% were in the database.


CONCLUSION
We have developed an algorithm to identify abbreviations from text. We are making this available as a public abbreviation server at \url[http://abbreviation.stanford.edu/].
GENIA corpus - a semantically annotated corpus for bio-textmining

MOTIVATION
Natural language processing (NLP) methods are regarded as being useful to raise the potential of text mining from biological literature. The lack of an extensively annotated corpus of this literature, however, causes a major bottleneck for applying NLP techniques. GENIA corpus is being developed to provide reference materials to let NLP techniques work for bio-textmining.


RESULTS
GENIA corpus version 3.0 consisting of 2000 MEDLINE abstracts has been released with more than 400,000 words and almost 100,000 annotations for biological terms.
Expected Stock Returns and Volatility

This paper examines the relation between stock returns and stock market volatility. We find evidence that the expected market risk premium (the expected return on a stock portfolio minus the Treasury bill yield) is positively related to the predictable volatility of stock returns. There is also evidence that unexpected stock market returns are negatively related to the unexpected change in the volatility of stock returns. This negative relation provides indirect evidence of a positive relation between expected risk premiums and volatility. Disciplines Finance | Finance and Financial Management Comments At the time of publication, author Robert F. Stambaugh was affiliated with the University of Chicago. Currently, he is a faculty member at the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania. This journal article is available at ScholarlyCommons: http://repository.upenn.edu/fnce_papers/363 Expected Stock Returns and Volatility by Kenneth R. French* G. William Schwert** Robert F. Starnbaugh*
Collaborative process planning and manufacturing in product lifecycle management

Companies are moving towards quickly providing better customer-centric products and services improve market share and market size with continuously growing revenue. As such, the effective collaboration among customers, developers, suppliers, and manufacturers throughout the entire product lifecycle is becoming much more important for the most advanced competitiveness. To address this need, a framework for product lifecycle collaboration is proposed in this study. The details of these collaboration models throughout the entire product lifecycle are depicted. As one of the key elements in product lifecycle collaboration, technology to support collaborative product manufacturing is proposed, developed and implemented in this study. It is hoped that the developed technology for collaborative product manufacturing will lay a frontier basis for further research and development in product lifecycle management. # 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.