Year: 1871

niS s on iSis poipt tbe master brickmasr had taid
" have known parents IN receipt Oh two three ana o1r
works for few shillings per week, hung n rags Whe
the parents themselves roted at home IN uNuIes ana
drink" When children were thus treated by the par
ents time for the State to forward and stand
in the place OF the parents.


LEGISLATIVE INTERFERENCE PROVES BENEFICIAL


In these days when much said about education
the State should assert the right OF those children to it,
over and over again had it been affirmed that children
were entitled to protection and he did not believe that
in the whole of England there was one who would call
in question the demand that was made for an act of Par
lament in this matter II had been proved that in
instance had the Factory act worked inlurionsy
either employers employed Throughout the whole
ali declared that so far from having suffered they had
been benefited by the act and all the employed children
labor from having lost its value wages had
This very day he reeeyeda letter from very high author
operation in the briok1eds of Mddlesex that the work
done the not only far better than it used TO be-
but that it had greatly increased In quantity and that
under the limitation OF the hours OF labor those who
before made only $4,000 bricks in q week made
II HG oasS to sTe OF It Sy
TO their credit that the great bulk of the employers Of
labor had made large concessions and had cheerfuly
agreed to put themselves under restrictions because
they had seen the good of them II was very hard that
blot should be thrown the fair fame OF good and
generous employers because OF the cruelty of small but
Eapacious class He begged 70 move that humble ad
TO take into her consideration the state OF the children 10
the oriekeds as reported by the Commissioner IN 1894
with view TO their being brought under the protection
of the Factory acts.


THE GANG SYSTEM.


The Bishop OF London bore testimony TO the necessity
for action in this matter In the diocese of London no
nconsderable portion Of the surface used for brick
making and the state of the children employed there
was such as to call for the immediate interposton Of
Parliament. The mode in which the bricihelds were
worked by gangs The man at the head of the gang
provided the labor and paid those employed in It.,
maker The age Of the children employed varied
from to 10. The gang was only just sufficient to
carry the work, and no one OF the members could
be absent without the whole OF the work being brought
TO stop AS the ordinary hours OF labor on Summers
day were from in the morning to in the evening, with
three short intervals for meals children OF tender age
employed the whole OF that time There was an
other reason which made the work OF the brckheds
tremey severe, and that that II could be carried on
months together in which no work could lie done but
heavy showers such have had lately would put
that there great desire on the part OF
employers. and of the laborers themselves, to
lately by that he thought he had done very
well because children OF six and seven years had been
girls in the brickdeds was matter which called very
the entire deterioration of the moral character In
this part Of England the girls who usually went INTO
account of the higher wages, and there they be-
came entirely untitled for the duties OF wives and
mothers He trusted the appeal made by the noble earl
would with ready response from their lOrdshps,
and that the address would be carried unanimously.


ViscOunt Middleton also corroborated what had been
said by the noble lord the Of the address He had
himself questioned Mr.. g. Smith very closely upen some
statements made in his pamphlet, which appeared utterly
monstrous and improbable and after careful examina
ton he had TO the conclusion that Mr. Smith had
familiar with the state Of things disclosed by the Com
mission IN WIN WIN respect pee m 10 gangs Da II Ie Iar
those brickhelds. There was, however, i'm
In legislating to the condition of the agricultural
aborer be found in the circumstances that the
the workers in the brick fields lHe had made
particular inquiries from Mr.. Smith to the
brip
and he found that they were ample for main
the family were sober But found that the only
worked certain number OF days IN the week ana that
fore they unable 10 work and sometimes for the
first three days in the week they remained idle. The
consequence that the children were employed the
they and that they had to work double time for
the three DAYS Of the week in order 10 make for
the dleness of their parents He ventured TO say that
such state of things absolutely intoierable The
result had been described by the noble earan utter alb
Of mOdesy vicious lives begun where vice ought 10
be unknown to those miserable children frames stuned
being almost universally mothers before they
wives and bringing up their children to the same
wretched lot as their own.


The motion for the address was agreed to.


MISERY THE FACTORY CHILDREN IN OTHER TRADES


There is a constant effort, says The London Times, TO
get children factories possible; and there
being will there is sometimes way. Tn the report
Primary Education in Ireland, of Che Commissioners
mentions a at Belfast, in which woman had her
first baby baptized Margaret. The child died, but in
process Of time the woman had another which lived
This child also baptized Margaret, and. inheritlng
her elder sisters baptisma certificate was passed into
mill two years before the legal age. Many births s
registration and therefore, much turns the
appearance of child Mr. Redgrave, Factory Inspector
mentions in his report recently issued the following
advertisement in a newspaper in his district: "Wanted,
from 70 to 20 BOYS not younger 'an what T pas
The surgeon cannot help remembering in many
that he does not the child 1t is not likely TO get
Bolton-eMoors stated at meeting OF operatives last
year that the children of the mill population by





their work. and he attributes this partly to their being
the children OF ntemperate parents partly to Their be
tial food, and partly TO the circumstance that many
acquiring the habit from their fathers and possibly from
their mothers medical officer at Belfast notices that
the boys; a boy is said to be "poucy" they call the
dust "pouce y when under paIoxysm OF dyspnga,
enable him to breathe more easily. Almost all the
machine boys follow the injurious custom of chewing
tobacco. The females he says, use snuff largely. On
sumng work on Monday morning many become so |
faint and gddy that they are obliged to out into the
affections edema OF the ankles and legs, and varicOse
veins The certifying surgeon of Bristol mentions that
the potters boys who have previously worked in brick
RS a as eSr % s or m ns a6
IN every case the growth appears to have been arrested
says also that he has especially noticed that the young
hands IN the naiimaking works have an anxious and
He thinks this may arise from the continued Jar they
suffer, particularly when they the cutting ma



the young hands the potteres, cotton and fax fac
tories and large shoe concerns other trades


THE LONDON TINES CONFIRMS THE STATEMENTS


Children, however are found working in brickyards at
early age years. What they can do at that
age not told; but at years old the toll imposed
them is and prolonged that nothing but the
most unimpeachabe evidence could render it credible
There u.s. hoUerer no doubt uhGrer Of tie facts and we
commend them the reflection OF the anxious parents
of wefed and tenderly nurtared children. These un-
happy little creatures Of them girls, engaged
Is hours day in carrying their heads Jumps OF cay
weighing 40 pounds from TIE heap TO the table on
which the bricks made One OF such children, who
in spite Of his premature tolls has up sue
sIahn