smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1876

Ii would be we'll 10 note the effect of this


method, as by understanding the result 10 he


Obtained one may readily adapt his peculiar


necessities or conveniences 10 them 10 his own


way and make rules for his own guidance


winch might not be proper under other cir.


cumstances. The result desired is TO pro.


cure the decomposition of all these mingled


matters in the most rapid and effective man.


ner, SO as to render them of the greatest


Vaiue Tor the nourishment of the crop. The


most active agencies for the decomposition of


vegetable or animal matter are warmth and


moisture. These set in operation an active
fermentation by which the mass is reduced


to such a condition that its various elements
are separated and forced into new combina-
tions, in which they can enter into solution
and be absorbed by the roots of plants. ANY
thing which has at one time formed A nor.
ton OF plant or animal is thus-and only
thus-made fit TO enter into the formation Of
other plants or animals. If by i'll manage.
ment any part Of this matter is lost or al.
lowed to escape the value of the manure il
lossenod. If the heap is allowed to become
too wet, and water drains from it, there is a
loss in what the water dissolves and carries
OFT. Ii it becomes too dry and overheated,
o sort oil slow combustion takes place known
as dry.rot or "fre-fang," aud the manure is
reduced to its mineral elements only, and the
nitrogen or ammonia, its most valuable DOR.
ton, escape. The heap should, therefore,
be 80 managed that at no time should its tenn
perature be permitted to rise above
100 . If this is likely to occur the mass
should be thoroughly moistened or else turned
over and mixed with quantity of absorb
ent earth, swamp muck, or road dust. A
high temperature will cause the ammonia
that is dissolved in water even to become
volatile and be lost, aud should be carefully
guarded against. There is nothing gained
by any higher temperature than this. 1t is
supposed by some that by allowing the ma.
nure to heat any seed of weeds contained in
it are destroyed. We have found
DO reason to suppose this to be true. On the
contrary we know that heat of over 1909
will not iujure seeds Of most of the common
weeds or agricultural plants that are generally
found in manure heaps. 1t is therefore best
to exercise care that they should be excluded,
and no weeds that contain seeds should be
put into compost heap, but should be
burned to get rid Of them. In the manage
ment of 50 important matter as this the
farmer should act thoroughly, and not be
misled by the opinions of his neighbors into
doing that which he has reason to believe is
unwise. If he studies the principles which
govern the decomposition of organic matter
and the needs of his crops, he can form rules
for his own guidance, but until these princi.
Piles are thoroughly understood there is
risk in making deductions from them.
Year: 1876

A lean COW or OK is in a very different
condition, chemically considered, from fat
animals Of the same kind In the first place,
the poor animal consists of about two.thirds
matter, the fat one of only half, that is in
total weight. A fat animal is in dry con.
dition, poor animal is like some of our bog
meadows, very wet. When the fatteuing
process begins, water commences to disappear,
aud fat or suet takes its place and the in.
crease in bulk, during the process is largely
OF adipose matter. Ii is a curious circum-
stance that during fattening, the proteids or
nitrogenous compounds, increase only about
seven per cent and the bone material or inor.
ganic substances only ono and a half per
cent.


The cost to farmer of fattening an OK is
much greater at the close of the process than
at the commencement that is, increase in
bulk or dry weight at that period is much
more costly. If it costs three cents a pound
for bulk, for the first month after a Door ami.
NAL is put in the fatteuing stall, it will cost
five cents the last month. If then, a far.
mer consults his money interests, he will not
carry the increase in fat beyond certain
point, provided he can turn his partially fat
ted animal to fair advantage.


Farmers have perhaps learned this fact
from experience and observation, and hence
comparatively lean beef abounds in our
markets. While this is Of advantage to the
farmer, it is very disadvantageous to con.
sumers Of the beef, for the flesh of fat an
imnl in every case is much richer in fixed,
nourishing material than that of the lean,
and it is never good economy to purchase lean
beef. 1t is better to purchase the poorer
parts OF fat animal than the best of lean
one. The best piece of fat OK (the loin)
contains from twenty-one to twenty-eight
per cent more fixed material than the
corresponding piece in lean one, and Curl
susly enough, the wosrt piece in the animal
(the neck) is the richest in nutritious mate.
rial. The flesh Of the neck improves very
little in fattcning, hence, economy con-
sidered, it is the hest portion to purchase,
as its value is in measure fixed one.


Horse-fesh is as nutritious, considered as
food, as that of the OK or COW. The relation
OF nitrogenous to fixed material is rather
higher in horse than in an OK, and the
amount Of water is less. There is no good
reason why horse-hesh should not be used as
food. 1t is prejudice alone which prevents
its employment. 1t is a regular article of
sale in the meat markets of Paris at the
present time.-American Rurd Home.
Year: 1876

L will state here my experience In raising


early pigs. have decided it is a loss TO


winter shoats when we can get sows to win.
ter that will give litter Of early spring pigs,


then make early pork of the sows and sum
mer the pigs, and if properly cared for they
will make as heavy pork in the fall as the
shoat, as they are generally wintered and we
save the extra feed of three or four months
for which we get but little growth, the food
being required mostly to keep them warm.


l make early pigs specially; am never
afraid of getting the sows too fat, keep
them on my horse manure, and feed literally,
often weaving the pigs. make the sOws
into early spring pork for which there is
always a good demand, when beef is SO
scarce and high. l find buckwhOat shorts to
be the cheapest and best feed for sows suck =
ling pigs, except, of course, sour milk. One
year had thirteen sows that dropped their
pigs in February and March, and they av-
eraged nine pigs each, raised, and sold them


readily for 50 each, when later pigs only
brought three. make it point to let them
come in near together, SO as to transpOse
pigs from one SOW to another when some of
them have been lost. l have large COW
stable which with proper care will not freeze
in the cOldest weather In the center of
this l mako two pens for my Sows to drop
their pigs in, and there is no more risk Of
chilling than in warmer weather. The idea
is, the cows breath keeps the temperature
Year: 1876

1t is generally considered that the Win.
ter is the season for the accumulation and
preparation Of manure. During the summer
season this fundamental business of the
farmer is generally neglected. The conse.
quence is that much valuable material goes 10
waste and much time, that is equally a valu.
able element in the preparation of manure, is
lost. During the summer there are ample
opportunities Tor the collection Of large auan-
titles OF waste vegetable matter such as
straw, coarse heritage, or weeds from uncul.
uVated, helds, sWamps, road sides, aud fence
rows, the ceanngs Of bitches aud r road.scrap-
ings. These may be made to furnish large
mass OF fertilizing matter. Besides these
there are the cleanings Of village streets and
garbage heaps, the refuse Of tanneres, WOOL
Gu factories, shoe and harness shops, aud
other such places that are of the greatest
value to the farmer. The trouble is that
the proper manipulation of these matters is
not understood, or is supposed to be too la.
bOriOus to be practicable. But on the con-
trary, when rightly managed, these gathered
refuse matters which may often be procured
for the picking up, may be turned into yalu.
able manure with but little labor.


The method Of utilizing them is by pilinR
them in heaps along with all the stable ma
nure that can possibly be made or procured,
in such way as to hasten the decomposition.
We have fouad the least laborious plan is to
deposit these as near as possible to where the
manure is to be used which is genearlly upon
the fall grain crop, and there build them up
into compact pile made fat and broad upon
the top, so as TO receive as much rain as pos
sible. Much moisture is needed to facilitate
decomposition and to preserve the mass from
Over-heating or dry rot, by which the most
valuable portions Of it would bo driven of
and lost.
Year: 1876




Sailing HAY.-With the following ad.
vice on sailing hay, from the Germantown
Telegraph, we can agree, but would also
keep lime away from il


We are glad to know that sailing hay as
it is hauled into the barn is losing advocates.
1t may possibly prevent the barn from burn
ing when the hay is too green and improperly
cured, but it undoubtedly damages the hay
1t is true that cattle will cat It and rather
prefer it to unsalted hay, but it is unwhole.
some and Injurious. Lime is better, if it is
deemed necessary to use either; but it is
better not to use either, but to cut the grass
at the proper time, and that time is when
the timothy or clover or meadow grass be-
gins to show the blossom, and then to cure it
carefully and enough to do without the salt.
ing or lining. Better to run the risk Of
wetting than to house hay only half dried.
Year: 1876

about right. prefer to have my pigs come
in February or early in March, and they
will then be ready to sell about the right
time to get the best price. l have received
5000 for four weeks old pigs sold in one
spring besides being able to fat the sows for
early pork, having had their pigs so carly.
A breeding pen should have railing about
seven inches from the floor all around the
side to prevent killing pigs. Bed light with
hne cut straw. I. q. NARAMoRE.
Year: 1876

We are panied to learn Of the death Of
Ezekiel w. Dimond, Professor Of agricul-
ture of the New Hampshire agricultural col
lege. Professor Dimond was a self.made
man, working out almost the whole of his
education after reaching manhood. He was
an enthusiast on the subject of agricultural
education. His labors for the establishment
and development of the New Hampshire az.
ricultural college have been unremitting,
embracing drudgery of every sort. His
premature death is undoubtedly the direct
result of over work.
Year: 1876

More CLovRR.-Very few men are aware
Of the amount of soil washed away every
year in this section of the country. If we
keep on with this kind Of farming many farm
ers will now do as they do in the eastern
states, and put guano, ashes, plaster, super
phosphate or lime in every hill of corn.
Farmers you should stop some of this
waste don't think of leaving nothing but
the yellow clay for future generations.


But there is a remedy for all this waste I;
SOW more clover. Keep the ground filed
with the roots or vegetable matter, then it
can't get away so easy, Plow up a clover
sod for corn or wheat and be sure to have
the clover in the rotation of the crops.


Sow in February or in March and bear in
mind next summer you can NOW big crop
ofhay from that piece of ground and re-
member that it is getting richer.


Make calculations to seed another part Of
the farm next year, aud in a short time you
can have a two.year.old clover sod to plant
corn on then look out for fine corn, big
yield, grown with half the labor that you
now grow corn on those worn-out fields that
have been in constant use for corn and wheat
twenty-five years This is the best country
for clover ever saw. The farmers east Of
this state don't pretend to get along without
sowing clover, aud to make the clover grow
they use plaster and lime. Here there is no
use Of this at present aud in addition to
the rich yield of clover or hay the clover
seed is profitable to take care Of We hope
to see western farmers giving this subject
more attention. Western Agicnitvist.
Year: 1876

The question often occurs to a thoughtful
farmer, how much is the manurial value of
food reduced by the animal. An exchange
says;


Mature animals take nothing out of their
feed that is OF any manurial value, pro-
vided they are yielding no product, such as
milk or wool, which is taken off the land.
This is true whether they are laying on fat
or not, since fat is composed of material
In the food that has no manurial value, and
If the milk is not carried away, but only its
fatty portion separated and sold as butter,
while the skim milk is fed to mature animals
that are fatting, there is no loss. But i f
this skim milk is fed to young animals that
are growing, and are to be sold away from
the land then the loss is nearly as great as
if the milk were sold in the first place.


If the digestive power of these young ami
mails is perfect enough to take out all the
food material from the milk, then the loss is
just as great.


When cheese is made, the loss is nearly
as great as when the milk is sold since the
whey contains but small part of the manu-.
rial value of the milk; and if this whey is
fed to growing animals, the loss is total or
very nearly so.


Unwashed wool takes away considerable
amount Of fertilzing material that has been
derived from the food consumed by the sheep
from which it came. But if this wool has
been tub washed, aud the wash-water added
to the compost heap, the loss is greatly re-
duced, since nearly all the potash land the
quantity is large) which unwashed wool con-
talns, is washed out and saved The amount
Of fertilzing material left in washed wool is
very small, compared with the total amount
Of food consumed by the sheep during its
growth, and hardly need be considered in an
estimate of profit and loss.
Year: 1876

1t is all we'll enough for the papers in the
third district, in the endeavor to defend
the representative in congress from that
district from the charge of neglect of duty,
IN that, during one session Of congress, he
was absent or not voting one hundred and
seventy-one times being present and voting
only forty-five times, to slur Colonel Joyce
by saying that if Hendee "has not flooded
" the country with his speeches it is credit
able to him. and there is one other dis
trict which would be glad to have its
member learn the same modesty and
prudence" 1t is all well enough for a
certain Rutland paper to approvingly copy
this slur, although it knew the contempti-
BILE insinuation to be false. But when a
southern paper refers to speeches made, and
sentiments held, by members Of congress
from Maine, Massachusetts and Vermont,
and in commenting thereon we say-and it
is true-that elf it were not for the first
" district, 1t would never be known from
anything that transpires there that Yer
"mOnt was even entitled to a representa-
4" tive IN congress-" the ID is to pay
generally. But our comment was true
nevertheless
Year: 1876

Senator Edmunds, as it is reported, made
very able and powerful argument in secret
session of the senate, Tuesday, in favor of
the jurisdiction of that body to try Bel
knap on the articles of impeachment pre-
ferred against him; and it is said that its
effect has been. to turn the tide of opinion,
80 that, probably, the senate will decide
that it has jurisdiction. Il this shall prove
to be so, we may expect to hear that there
never was any question about the right of
impeaching a person not civil officer of
the United States.
Year: 1876

Inc presidential campaign Will open
with the assembling of the republican ma
tional convention. June IA. The prelimin-
ary canvass already indicates that the issue
will be clear and we'll defined. The repub
lican party will go into the contest pledged
to administrative reform pure, honest
and economical administration Of the
government in all OF its departments !;
rigid retrenchment in public expenditures,
where retrenchment can wisely and safely
be made an unsparing exposure OF
official abuses and corruption, wherever
found vigorous prosecution and ture
punishment of public peculators and cor
rup''on's's a complete publication of the
civil service faithful observance of the
national faith and maintenance of the pub
lie credit and speedy return to specie
payments. In word, the republican party
will, again, be a synonyme for honest
men, honest government, and honest
money, and its standard bearer will be a
worthy exponent and representative of
these principles.


In such contest, on such issues, and
with such candidates, the course of THE
| GLOBE heretofore, leaves no doubt where it
will be found in the future. Now, as ever,
it will labor for the success of such re-
publican party as it has helped to build up
and reform. With the opening of the cam
paign, and through its continuance, its is
sues will contain vast fund of political
Observation-Disclosures which the people
will eagerly seek and scan. While it will
leave no one in doubt as to Its position, and
its sincere advocacy of the principles and
candidates enumerated, it will aim 10 give
its readers the cream of public opinion,
whether in accord with Its own views or
not, press comments, both republican and
democratic, on current political topics,
which with the latest news-given fresh
and prompt-will make THE GLOBE an in.
dispensable UGde mecum during the summer
and autumn.


In accordance with an urgent popular
demand, and in compliance with an earnest
request from many prominent and leading
republicans of this and other portions of
the state, TIE WEEKLY GLOBE will be is
sued at special rates during the presidential
| campaign, for FIVE months-cOmmencing
with the issue OF June 16 and continuing
until November II, thus commencing with
the proceedings of the national convention
and containing all the stirring events of
the campaign, as well as full and carefully
prepared returns of the election.


All of the present features of The CLONE
will be retained. The news of the day
will be given fresh and prompt local re-
porters and correspondents will CLEAN the
cream of home news, both state, county
and town correspondence, special and
general, will keep our readers advised OF
the progress and salient features of the
Centennial exposition the interests OF the
household, the farm, the counting room,
and the shop will receive due attention
and THE GLOBE will be tie Vermont pol
itical, family and farmers newspaper.


$1.00 will pay for the WEAKLY GLOBE
for the five months ending with the issue OF
November l7lh, covering the entire period
of the presidential campaign.


Send your subscriptions at once to


GLOBE PAPER Co.,
| Rutland, VT.
Year: 1876

We commend to the thoughtful attention
of our readers the admirable address
which we republsh, this morning-of the
New York political conference. Every
honest republican can heartily subscribe to
it. Every earnest republican should labor
to secure the end aimed at by it.
Year: 1876

New Jersey which has been conceded to
blame, goes into the national convention
with strong minority favorable to Brls-
tow and Hayes and with the delegation
instructed to vote only for such candidate
" as will be to the country a pledge and
" guarantee of an honest and able admin
" istration, reformed and elevated public
" service"
Year: 1876

We wish all our subscribers TO be particular
to notice the date against their names upon
their papers, and see that the account Is right.
The date shows the time to which payment has
been made, so that the label IS q constant re-
celpt for the time to which the subscriber has
paid.
Year: 1876

Proposed Army Reform by Allow

 ing Men to Rise from the Ranks

 --A Good Suggestion.

 SAN DIEGO, January 20.-The Washington Capital has long article on Army Reform, in the course of which it says: i've want promotion opened from the ranks. It is the pride and strength of the French Army that the common soldier is said to car- ry the baton of 8 Field Marshal in his knapsack. Let the Ameri- can soldiers feel this, and the knapsacks will become badge of honor, instead of being, as it now is, an evidence of degradation. To insure this elevation of the p1ivates, we want the graduates of West Point to serve from 8 to 5 years in the ranks, before becom- ing eligible to office. Our friends need be troubled with no alarm as to the consequences of such 8 radical reform. We have a mul- titude of poor boys throughout the land, ready and anxious to be educated at the expense of the Government and willing to pay for their tuition through such ser vices as the ranks afford. We need to have the army coming into accord with our Republican form of government, and if 1t is not, the army will disappear. It needs but few years more of such legislation as we have had in the past, to wipe out the entire or ganization."
Year: 1876

AS yet comparatively few sales of mines have been made in this Territory. We mean few sales to outsiders. Much rich ore has been taken to San Francisco and to the East and it has attract ed no little attetion. It is not too much to say that public confiid- ence in the mineral resources of the Territory was never greater than at present. Go where you may, the precious ores of Arizona are highly spoken of and the rare richness of many of the specimens is a source of surprise even to ex- perts and miners of large experi- ence.

 But when the agents of capitalists reach the Territory they too often find that while the quality of the ore is all that they could wish for, the question of quantity cannot be answered because of the limited amount of work done to ascertain wh etherjthere is anything like a ledge or permanent deposit. We have heard of instances in which prospectors have rushed to San Francisco to sell mines before really knowing whether they had more than the surface indications of gold orisilver, and our attention has been called to instances when many thousands of dollars have been asked for min es.upou which the shafts were not yet down to the depth ofthlrty feet. Ofcourse, with the preverbiat uncertainty of what is under the ground, no careful capitalist is willing to ven- ture his money until more work has been done and more ore is in sight.

 We know of the agents of seye- ral San Francisco capitalists, who have returned to that city, report ing that the ore in certain. mines in Arizona was wonderfully rich but that inasmnch as the mines were opened for but a few feet, it was impossible to say how it would hold out, and an invest ment could not be advised.

 Our object at this time is purge our prospectors and mine-owners not to put their mines in the mar ket before they are sufficiently de- veloped to satisfy buyers as to their true character and probable permanence. To do otherwise is not only to endanger their sale, but to bring experts and examin- CTS here for nothing, and through their unfavorable reports to injure the reputation of the Territory abroad. It may be said that often the discoverers and owners are too short Of money for 8 thorough development of the mines and must throw them upon the mar ket at once. We reply that an of the amonnt which it would cost 10 go to San Fran cisco (and be under expense there) to the opening of shafts and tun- neIs will, of itself, in many cases, be sufficient to give a good idea of the character and extent of 6 lode, and make it a reputation which will bring purchasers with out the need of hunting them in San Francisco or elsewhere.

 Let this be done and, if the mines are what we believe them to be, there will be DO difficulty in 1 sales at good figures.