Year: 1873

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PUDDnSa AND PRs NOT UNHEA1rHT.-
There is probably a great deal of truth
in the following extract from DR.. Halls
/ Journal Of Health: 1.-THE universal
error as to the unhealthiness of pies,
puddings, and pastries, taking it for
granted that they are well-made and
properly cooke 7, has arisen from the
simple fact that after we have made a
/ fall meal of other things the stomach
is oppressed by them, and if the pro-
cess is repeated becomes eventually
dyspeptic, that is, has not the power to
work up the food, because it had been
worked to death already. 1t would be
quite as philosophical if man has be
come very tired by blowing all day, and
afterward, by ehopping wood, has
worked himself ont, to conclude that
it was very unhealthy to chop"


MAKING MANURE.-A New Jersey cor
respondent of the New York Tribune
gives his plan for making manure, which
shows that he knows how, and which is
especially valuable to nurserymen and
others in the west who must apply the
manure in a rotted state 81 To carry it
into practice have a place for the
manure heap convenient to the stable
clean the stables every morning, or
when necessary, and throw on the heap;
always keep it we'll together, with fat
and broad top; it viii soon commence
to rot, and by the time there are eight
or ten loads accumulated take day and
haul to some suitable place for manu-
faeture. As the manure is hauled keep
it we'll together, and not less than three
feet deep; keep the top always fiat or
little concave, as in this way the valu-
able quality is better retained. When
manure is heaped conieally or spread
carelessly far around, and so remains
for any length of time, its value then
would only be about equal to straw.
The head should be regulated in depth
according to quantity. A hauling day
at intervals in winter the yard may be
clear by the time of turning stock out
to pasture. When the pressing work of
spring is past turn the manure heap
over, mixing it thoroughly. It should
be finished square or oblong, with
straight and nearly perpendicular sides,
well packed all through, and not less
than four feet deep, as the deeper it is
the better; finish the top about level,
with six or eight inches of soil, which
will prove valuable in saving the good
Qualities Of the manure. When appli-
cation time comes there viii be found
rich heap of manure, black and greasy.
This plan is practieed by all of the best
farmers of England, who obtain such
heavy crops of roots, followed by heavy
and luxuriant spring grains and grass.


CHExIoAI ICE MAoHn'Es.- The fact is
familiar one, that an intense cold is
obtained when salt is mixed with snow
or pounded ice, owing to the strong
tendency which salt possesses TO dis
solve in water, which forces, as it we're,
the ice to iquefy, in order to procure
vvater TO the salt If a solid be forced
tc liquefy or melt, without giving it the
heat necessary as latent heat for this
houefaction, it viii take this heat from
the sensible heat, which viii then di-
minish, as il will become latent in tho
liquid, this sensible heat being the only
kind the Thermometer indicates. A
similar effect is produced when dis
solving other salts in water or any other
liquid, the descent of temperature be-
ing very different according TO the ma
ture of the substances. Thus, five
parts of sal ammoniac and five parts
nitrate of potassa dissolved in sixteen
parts of cool water viii cause the tenn
perature to descend about 20 degrees.
Nine parts of phosphate Of soda dis
solved into four parts diluted nitric acid
will cause n descent OF temperature of
fifty degrees. Six pounds Of sulphate
of soda gradually dissolved in Eve
pounds Of hydrochloric acid viii cause
such a descent of temperature that il viii
freeze from five 20 six pounds of water
in the course of an hour. The most ro-
markabie mixture Of this kind, and pro-
ducing the most intense cold, is the fol-
lowing: Two or three pounds OF chloride
of lime is heated until it forms a porous
mass, and is powdered and passed
through n sieve, by which operation IL
absorbs Just enough moisture as is
necessary to cause it quickly to dissolve
in water. It is then mixed with half
its amount Of snow, in a wooden vessel
placed in a mixture Of snow aud salt.
In the interior Of this cooling mixture
mercury or ether may be frozen when
properly introduced. When this pow
dered chloride Of lime is dissolved in
half or two-thirds its amount in cold
water it will easily freeze water when
introduced into the mixture in a proper
vessel. and this, it is thought. may final
" be found a cheaper freezing mixture
for ice machines than any Of the COM
mon ones now in use, as by simple
evaporation the original salt may be re-
gained" The evaporation Of ammonia
is, perhaps, most frequently used for
accomplishing this object and there IS
a German machine constructed on this
principle; which, with the aid Of three
men and an engine of three-horse
power, manufactures 100 pounds Of
/ ice per hour.


EAT your bread, Charles. do not fling
it away, said a learned and good judge
to one OF his family. the other day ad-
ding, for who knows, in the vieissitudes
Of this life, il you may not some day
want IL? The old gentleman had to
cough, look learned, and go away.
when his youngest answered. more log
icaIly than bis parent If eat is, how
can have it when want it This is
the result OF a Learned Judge having
| children.


PEoPLE always fancy that we cannot
become wise without becoming old also;
bat in truth, az years aecurnuia.n, II Is
hard to keep ourselves a. wise as We


were. Man becomes, in the different


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