Year: 1871

Prairie Farmer


Spreading Manure.


Most farmers make their manure in the
yards, cellars and stables. The practice
differs materially in transferring the man
ure from the barn to the field. Some cart
IL out twice Il year. some only once, and
others cart it out at all seasons of the year,
as it suits their convenience, making a
thorough ;cleanng only when the last
spring crops are sown. Some heap up the
manure in the yard and it ferments month
or more before hauling, and others take it
in Il raw state and transfer it Immediately to
the fields where it is to be used. Some
make large compost heaps on the fields
that are to be planted the next season, and
others spread everything directly from the
cart tail. This latter practice is good if the
compost is already made. 1t saves a great
deal of labor The manure is taken from
the cart Il Shovelful at Il time, and spread
evenly over the whole surface as the team
moves along. 1t is just right to be plowed
IN, or to remain for Il top dressing upon the
meadow. If left in large heaps, it must be
put into the cart again to be distributed
ii lett III small heaps, you must stoop with
the shovel to get at your work, and here is
Il loss Of labor. But unless the compost is
well made in the yard, there is a loss of
manure in spreading it green from the sta
bles. We mean by this that the farmer
loses the opportunity to make the best use
Of his green manures. He wants to mix
this green manure with three or four times
its bulk of loan, muck or peat, either in the
yard or in the field.


OitentimeS it can be done to the best ad-
Il
of muck close by, and it will save Il mile of
tartins, to make the compost heap nrou tic
field, where it is to be used in the spring
1t is much cheaper to bring the green ma
nure to the muck Than to haul the muck to
the barn, and after six months or a year
haul it back again. The process of fermen-
tation will 90 on quite as we'll in one place
as in another. 70 be sure it costs more to
handle the manure, but the labor Is more
than paid for in the increased value OF the
manure. In spreading grean manure upon
the surface, and letting it remain, there is
a very appreciabe loss in the summer, and
some waste even in the winter If we take
fresh stable manure er hog dung from the
sites and compost it with three times its
bulk in muck or loan, the whole mass is
made into Il good fertilizer by spring, Tor
most soils, and quite as valuable, load Tor
load, as the fresh dung. 1t will not show
It's effects as quick, perhaps, but it lasts
longer, and the labor spent in working
over these compost heaps in winter is sure
of its reward, and that is what all good
farmers want. Some are deferred from
tins kind of winter work by the apprehen-
sion that the heaps will not ferment. 1t is
true the heating is not so rapid as in sum
nler, but it will be found, il Il stick or crow
bar is thrust into one of these heaps, it soon
becomes warm to the touch. They will
'Esmoke" in the coolest weather, showing
that fermentation is going on. Am. Ag.


The Horse from Moral Standpoint.


The driver who fights his horses has not
got through the first lesson in the manage
luent Of these animals. Some strike theil
horses ia Il fit of anger; others beat them
for what they consider to be sinful act OF
the part of the horse. Now the fact is, the
horse never does wrong on purpose. In
this respect he is better than most men
II he refuses to pull, it is the fault of his
education; if he runs away, and kicks
things to pieces, It is because he is fright
ened. Men, when they are scared, do some
very foolish things, and they are excused
but no allowance is made for the runaway
horse. He is kicked, and cuiied and beatei
as if what was done was on purpose to
hurt somebody and in consequence o
supposed danger, which the poor ami
NAL was trying to flee from. Horses never
! kick without motive. They use their
heels for defense; and the first kick at Tho
traces is given to ward off what to then
seems danger. No horse ever kicked fol
/ any other purpose. They cherish no il
feeling against any one, and always do
as far as they know what is right. AL
| horses can be educated to do whatever th


driver wishes. They always obey cheer
fully and without grumbling, even though
\ put to rest with half rations in Il cold filthy
muddy stable horse can easily b.


taught to pull by the traces, or by the hal
ter strap. If you want him to pull well OF
the halter, all you have to do is to hitch hin
| with something he can easily break, ant
he will soon learn to pull back with sucl


force that no bride will hold him. If yol


want him to pull well in the traces, Civ


him light load until he learns to move it


and he will soon pull his best at heav,


loads. Horses balk or pull just as the,


are taught. 1t does not matter which en(


of the horse you fasten the weight to


They will balk readily when hitchcd b.


the traces, if improperly trained, as wheI


hitched by the halter; and they will pu


back as faithfully ny Ine nhlter, IL Iralhe


to do so, as they pull forward when hitch


ed by the traces to Il wagon. 1t is an cas-


matter to teach horse to refuse to pull a


either the halter or traces, and it Is equal


as easy to teach him to pull by the sam


means If those who drive horses woul


keep this fact in view, and keep their TEN


per out of view, they would never be gull


ty of the shameful act of beating their teal
| in n mnu hole Or on the hillside.


Some men are strangely sensitive
They will get drunk, rove about tn


streets, yelling like savages, go homo
, beat their wives, turn their children ou


of doors, being so proud of their achieve
ment rs to make their neighbors con
scious of the fact; resist the officers VIII
arrest them; pay fine before the court


and having made themselves as motor


Gus as possible, will slide around to tn
editor and beg him, with tears in their eye
not to bring disgrace to their families b
mentioning the little affair in the pape
, Il is great pity that such sensitivene'
, should Be so tardy in making its appea
, ance. 1t always comes too late. lGlont
ester Telegraph.