Year: 1870

1870. . =.


pends greatly upon judicious after
culture. The partial failure of the
corn prop last year was caused, in a
great measure, by the protracted
wet weather. which, in undrained
land, made suitable after-culture i'm
possible. There are various forms
of horse hose which have been con
trived for the purpose of string up
the soil in the spaces between the
rows Of drilled crops; the common
cnltivator is one Of them. Horse
hoeing. or cultivating drilled crops,
not only kills weeds but also ameli-
CRATES the soil to :. a considerable
depth, so that the roots of plants
can extend on every side in search
of food. A one horse plow with
one or more shares is useful i'm
plement for sottening the ground
among drilled crops. This pene-
trates much deeper than an ordinary
cultivator. A. drill grubber can be
made to enter the soil to any re-
quired depth. All kinds of deep
tillage between drills should be done
before the roots of the crops have
extended far enough into the soil to
be damaged by the plow, the horse
hoe, or the grubber. A light cult
vator or drill harrow may be used
until the plants are far advanced in
growth. Afterward the hand hoe
may be necessary to cut away weeds
that have sprung up SO close to the
rows that they could not be reached
ny larger implements.


MIXED HUsBANDRY.


The farmer who depends entirely
upon one kind of crop, or one agri-
cultural product, will sometimes be
disappointed. Too, many go on
raising wheat or corn while the land
will yield these crops without taking
into consideration that along with
the gradual deterlaration of the soil,
the entire or partial failure of either
crop, in an unfavorable season, is a
certainty. The farmer who adopts
mixed husbandry does not stake his
all on any crop; neither does he i'm
poverish his land by frequent crop
ping without manuring. The bulk
of his farm is deYcted to well map
aged grass. The number of acres
in. tillage is few, but the land being
Kept in good heart by the best kind
of barnyard, manure, the agreeable
product is large. 1t is we'll known
that few acres Of well manured
tillage land will produce a greater
weight of grain or green crops, than
very large area of worn out, needy,
half-tilled soil. The various crops
and products. of mixed husbandry
tend to fertillize the land and to- sup
port each other, Good grain crops
enables the farmer to Winter live
stock, and to obtain manure for the
tillage crops. Root crops increase
the amount of provender and give
proportionate facilities for produc-
ing the best kind of manure for the
soil. The farmer who adopts mixed
husbandry and rotation of crops, will
keep his land in good heart,and will
have such variety of products to
depend on that he. will scarcely feel
the failure Of one eind of crop.


MANAGEMENT OF GRASS LANDS.


Meadows should be freed from
everything that would obstruct the
moving machine or the scythe.;
stones, clods, stumps, chips, brush.
etc, should be cleared away before
the grass becomes so high that
trampling will be injurious to it, A
heavy roller may be used with good
effect on new meadows early in the
Summer. This implement will press
small stones into the ground. break
clods, level, hillocks, and leave a
smooth surface for the mower 1t
should not be applied while the
ground is wet. Weeds and coarse
grasses are very injurious to mead
ows or pastures, as they crowd out
the useful grasses and rob the soil
of it's best ingredients. Land should
not be laid down with clover and
grass seed until it has, been brought
unto good heart by suitable manur-
ing and freed from all kinds of
weeds. Sometimes the seeds of
clover and timothy are so mixed
with seeds of weeds that they are
entirely unfit to be made use of. for
laying down land. A compost made
up of muck and mari with about
one fourth the bulk of barnyard
manure. makes an excellent top
dressing for meadows. This should
be spread late in the Fall or early in
Spring. The muck and mari should
be raised in Summer and allowed to
season for year or more before
being used.


NEAT STOCK.


The Improvement in neat stock
should go on continually. Some
thing may be done evere year to-
ward producing finer animals and
obtaining superior family of milch
COWS or fattening stock. From the
nun Ger of cheese factories now be-
ing established, it is evident that
farmers want cows that will produce
large quantities of milk and also
yield heavy carcasses Of good quail
ity for the butcher, when no longer
fit for the dairy. The Short Horns
possess union of these good quail
itipS Supprior to arx- brood- aud M