Year: 1875




lying at anchor quickly hosled their colors in rccogn
ton OF tho nag dying her stern The arrival Of so
large anof-war in this remote port is event OF
lively interest and excitement and the 30h Of Novem
Der sort OF gala day for the residents sautes
we're fired and the Consulate visited by many
anxious inqurers.


HISTORY OF SETTLERS


Perhaps no more generous act has marked these
days Of reconciliation, this Of recognition OF
nationality which has outlved the asperities or
civil war; than The sending of government vessel to
point distant 1000 miles for the purpose Of bring
ing back to their own land voluntary exlea


In order understand thoroughly the OF these
people we must go back times At the close OF
'our late unpeasantness quite large number of peo
pie from the disa1ected States, unwilling to sub
nit to the results Of the struggle about for an
abiding place Among the wealthy some few chose
residence the other side OF the Atlantic few Of
those obliged to gain livelihood by their
tions migrated to Mexico but the larger number found
their way to Brazil


It is singular that Brazil SHOULD have commended
itself to these wouldbe refugees. The well known
liberal policy of the present Emperor Dom Pedro IL had
early date manifested itself in his desire pro-
mote foreign, and especially American. emigration
Under his patronage society formed for the purpose
of giving encouragement thereto FASTENED to paint in



thereto the solid inducements OF free passage and
grants of land How dazzling the prospect these
malcontents Before them lay land, vast in extent,
rich precious stOnes possessing fertile SOIL titled
by the slave labor to which they had become
customed. 1t not surprising then that gathering to-
gether their goods and chattes taking with them their
and children, full Of hope of making homes
and gaining great fortunes some 500 citizens Of the
Southern States should have sought this modern Ell
Dorado.


On arrival in Brazil the settlers naturally sought
rious localities and divers employments the majority
however turning agriculture or the raising of cattle
In this grew up several American settlements


sAsTAREx.


The largest and most successful colony estab-
lished at santarem on the banks the Amazon River
some 500 miles from the sea- The town is the most
populous on the Amazon, Para excepted,
and yet has only 1900 inhabitants,
so sparsely settled is this section of Brazil
The Rio Tapajos OF the main tributaries Of the
Amazon, effects junction with that river santarem
Running through thousand miles OF country, many
of its products naturally nnd their way to Santarem
These added TO the trade coming from the Upper ANA
zon give the place quite export business especially
in and rubber The climate is delightful and the
surrounding country though not especially fertile
we'll adapted for plantations well as for the
raising OF CATTLE The original American settlement at
Santarem comprised leo persons bat In the course OF
few years the number so rapidly diminished that by
1868 only seventyhve Of the original number remained
Tho fact is the emigrants rapidly tired Of their
country, and II we credit the common report
the country quito as quickly tired or them That
some of the settlers could have been lacking in
either industry perseverance is evident from their
success In undertakings, more particularly the
making OF butter and the growing Of sugar cane On
their tables spread the first butter made in
the province Of Para II having been always previously
believed that tho milk OF poor quality for s
prod uction.


Prior to their arrival too 1t had been the practice
for years send Para for sugar but these Southern
gentlemen have proved that the be grown
successfully in Brazil in louisiana that though less
and less juicy, It will without cultivation
transplantng, yield for ten twelve years Some few
OF the settlers alse met with marked in raising
tapioca and cassaca brazilian ruml


The general success OF the party had been such,
however, that the arrival OF the Swaiara il
found that they had avaed themselves Of such oppor
tuntes as circumstances had thrown IN their way,
and had generally returned TO the United States
that but four INDECENT American citizens could be found
4 within radius OF some fifty miles from Para these
being entirely Of one family who, for personal reasons,
did wish TO avail themselves OF the opportunity,
the Swatara's mission ended II may not be amiss
here that this the third government vessel
which has been despatched on this Charitable ser.
! vice.


Some fifty odd refugees transported the United
States in 1869 in the lrgate Guerrere, and few
4 baug ordered 10 touch certain porIs Brazp'
for the purpose and likewise brought back the
I United States party Of thirty-seven refugees
COUNSEL TO woULD-BE


Thus concludes the history of American emigration TO
Brazil That the endeavor has been most unsuccessful
must be conceded. But that the country is, indeed,
wonderfully endowed by nature, all who have
spent any time therein Will bear willing testimony
Perhaps no description has been disseminated
A attractions.
who made the endeavor not fitted W act
pioneers in a new land Yet il NAV be safely said 90
numerous the drawbacks that the same amount OF
labor intelligence and capital will yield lar salts
! factory results in our own land Here the grant
must contend against climatic influences, ignorance OF
the language, as well as against the preJudices and
habits Of the people. Innumerable fcStos holi-
I days break in upon his prearranged plans; the
| natural datoriness Of the people, never willing
/ to do promptly anything which be postponed,
/ is an ever constant source OF annoyance his
efforts for prompt action are invariably met by shrug
OF the shoulders, with its accompanying mdndad TO
morrow The climate, though generally healthy, is
enervatng beneath the tropical sun. The Anglo-Saxon
seems to lose much OF his natural energy and rather
assimate In some respects 10 the character OF she
natves-intermarriage paucty OF numbers absence or
books and nfrequent hearing of his language all
1 seeming 70 contribute to that result


/ Nor is this all The native has few wants and but
small desire 10 accumulate wealth. III his income be
small his wants proportionate; hence II happens
that the colonisL even able 70 prove superior 70 OBJ
saces, finds his actual expenses to be iourod those
/ ofhis Brazilian neighbor Commercial ventures IN tho
larger cities Tor persons possessing capital would prob
ably prove more suecessfulj bot the rich are not
ordinarily the seekers in distant lands for increase
Of fortune The best neld unquessio naby
is that which Is presented 10 the civil en-
I gneer All projects Of engineering character,
including such few schemes Tor internal
Improvement as do exist almost exclusively IN ibe
hands OF English or Americans The lew railroads
which exist well the passenger cars whore
are lucky enough TO 6nd them, have been buli by
and are under the superintendent OF foreigners IL
not desired however present affairs in partial light
the young engineer Il would be well therefore, Tor
him 70 remember that the building q railroad n
Brazil is a matter OF no ordinary occurrence What
ever evils may brought about the present unfortn
nate condition OF the nnances, ''over-raroadng - not
Of the number The most unfortunate depositor GER
talny will attribute the recent failure OF the Bank
OF Brazil to the Endorsement OF the bonds OF 'wdcai
roads To bring the matter home, IN North America
three railroads are under construction uniting the A.
lanc and Pacific In South America this endeavor has
yet 70 be made notwithstanding the fact that the dis
lance Valparaiso and Buenos Ayres Is only 500
miles