Year: 1875

|
courtng maid without the leave Of her parents In
1875 because 'there is manifest pride appearing in
Streets" the wearing of long hair or Periwgs


and also ''supersttous nbands used TO tie
up and decorate the hair were forbidden under
severe penalty p the keeping Of Christmas was also
forbidden, ''because IL pOpsh custom" In 1877
passed to prevent the profaneness Of turn
ing the back upon the public worship before IL was fin
ished and the blessing pronounced" Towns were
directed erect a cage the meeting house and in
this all offenders against the sanctty Of the Sabbath
were confined AT the same time children were directed
! to be placed In particular part OF the meeting
/ house, apart by themselves, and tthlng men
were ordered to be chosen, whose duty ~
were they in their observance of the Sabbath that John
Atherton a soldier OF Colonel Tyngs company was
fined forty shings for wettng piece OF an old nat 10
put into his shoes which chaed his feet on the march
those who neglected to attend meeting Tor three
months were publicly whipped Even in Harvard Col
ege students we're whipped for gross offences in the
chapel the presence OF students and professors,
and prayers were had before ana alter the niotoh oi
the punishment As the settlers OF Deerheld are De,
scribed being OF sober and orderly conversation,
may suppose that these laws and customs were here


THE FooD OF YANKEE YEoMEN.


Perhaps word upon the subsistence and diet OF your
may interest you here Palfrey tells US that


Sin the early days Of New England wheaton bread was
not common 1t afterwards became but It's place
was largely supplied by preparations of Indian corn.
mixture OF parts of the meal of this grain with one
part of rye has continued until far into the present
century to furnish the bread Of the great BODY OF e
people In the beginning there was but sparing con
| sumption OF butchers meat The multiplication OF
1ocEs for their wool and Of herds for draught and for
X.
! high money value. Game and fish, to considerable
| extent supplied the want Of animal food Next TO
these and poultry-fowls ducks, geese and tur,
keys-were IN common use carrier thah otheI hlhs oi
flesh The New Engander OF the present time who,
in whatever rank life would be at loss without his
tea or coffee twice least in every day, pites the
hardshIps of his ancestors who almost universally for
century and half made their morning and evening
repast on boiled Indian meal and milk on porridge
or broth made of peas beans and favored by being
boiled with saed beef pork. Beer, however, which
was brewed IN families, was accounted necessary Of
/ ia
vision Of CIDER wine and rum found ready market as
soon as they were brought from abroad and tobacco
and legislation had long conflict IN which The latter
| at last gave way"


The intellectual vgor the strong common sense, the
moral integrity Of these early generations oil New Eng
land Americans, apparent IN all Their ways as 70
command our unbounded admiration. Not only did
they found schools and cherish their favorite college,
but they read carefully and persisteny the solid tera
ture OF their times and they selected as the guiding
and representative men of their towns the cergymen
who had had the benefit of liberal education, and
who in their elaborate and carefully prepared sermons
provided on Sunday the hresde debate of the
! week in which the doctrines of State, free
will fore-knowedge absolute" all found ardent and
devoted advocates Not only did they consider from
high standpoint the important matters OF Church and
State but they applied their most sensible powers 10
the daily affairs OF business; good farmers, pro-
vding well for all household necessities and many lux
uries and raising these pastures then clothed with
abundant and nutritious verdure the cattle which they
exported to profitable markets of the West Indes
were good lumbermen, and brought down the free and
swollen of spring, an abundant supply OF build





spruce and hemlock and the second growth OF pine;
were excellent fishermen, and knew the habits OF all
the valuable fish, well as they did the ways
| of tho game with which the forests aooundedi were
good merchants and navigators and opened new chan
nels of trade and accumulated ample wealth In com
munity organized this was in which the labor OF the
week carried oy the entire family the head OF
the labor organization being the father and the mem
bers being the mother with her sturdy sons and fair
| daughters, it natural that simplicity should be
| prevailing habit and moral integrity prevailing vir
! tue Nowhere on the face of the earth, during the
] of eighteenth n
| turies, when New England characters-
/ tics were forming and maturing, could there
the principles of justice and equality and TO build up
the individual character the foundations Of morality
honor and honesty. They may have been dogmatical,
but they were well informed and earnest They may
have been economical, but they spared nothing IN their
devotion the public good They may have been ex
acting in business but they had high mercantile honor,
they forgot the lesson taught them by the
Pilgrim merchants, 10 whom the banks OF Amsterdam
always freely opened upon their personal respon-
sibty alone That they had their faults is indeed true
but they the faults which weaken and under
mine society, were they those which make gov
ernment either corrupt or tyrannicaL


This was the people who occupied the unexplored
and forest domain OF North America with their
scattered colonial settlements and planted Christian
civilization in the Western wilderness 1t appeared to
! them that the wars of conquest were unnecessary.
There was no form Of civilization here to be displaced
in order make room for their own They found il is
| true few wild and roaming occupants of the SOIL
without local habtation, without institutions, without
either the necessaries or the adornments OF life with
out the public or private qualities which characterize
I
Plymouth and Connecticut these original occupants
probably numbered 0OO-in fact The entire In
dian population Of the Continent was much less than
100000


A GLANCE AT INDIAN IN COLONIAL TIMES


Possessed evidently Of common origin, for between
the Indians Of Florida and Canada the difference was
scarcely perceptble they divided into tribes,
which differed from each other mainly in their hghuDg
capacity the vigOr with which they rOamed from
place place and they were liable at any time to be
swept of by disease extermnated by absorbed
by other and powerful tribes. In language the
! American Indian
world abstract idea finding birthplace IN his brain
and no expression on his tongue. 'ln marriage the
Indian abhorred restraint, and from Florida
70 the ST. Lawrence poygamy was permit
ted" Divorce meant merely desertion; the
wife a slave. Domestic government was unknown.
The Indian youth grew up warrior, adorned with YER
million and eagles feathers, feet Of foot the deer,
and tolerant OF hunger the WOLF the Indian girl
serv1le The Indian had a government with
out laws State without Institutions; church
without faith or creed OF headi town without
schoolhouse meeting house; punitive system with
out Jails or Jibbesi history based on traditions re-
! hgon based on supersttoni he was ignorant OF the
ownership Of land and knew nothing Of system OF
! inheritance As in peace he was an ider-so in war
! he marauder An organized army was TO him
unknown He fought in small bands, seldom over hfty
in number surprise and slaughter He pursued and
/ killed and scalped. He had neither commissariat
hospital He fought his enemy in the rear and in
bush; and he tortured and roasted and devoured his
captves These were the national characteristics which
/ our fathers found on this Continent


Nor did their attempts to modify and humanize and
Chrstianize them meet with much success The Indian
could be tamed-but he was the Indian still He might
lezrn the language Of the Church, but he out of
place there; he might become familiar with the school
room but he impatient OF its restraint and forget
ful Of It's lessons Bancroft says;-"Jesut FRANCISCAN
and Puritan the Church Of England the Moravian, the
benevolent founders OF schools academies and colleges
all have endeavored change the habits OF the rising
generations among the Indians and the results in
cry instance varying in degree Of influence exerted by
/ the missionaries, have varied in little else Woman
too, with her gentleness and the winning en-
thusiasm Of her self-sacriGcing benevolence, has
attempted their instruction and has attempted il in
/ Incarnation succeeded
Jonathan Edwards Brainerd. The Jesuit, stephen
de Carbeil revered for his genius, well as for his
zeal was for more than sixty years IN the seventeenth
and eighteenth centuries, missionary among the
Huron-lroquois tribes He spoke their dialects with
much facility and elegance though they bad been
bis mother tongue yet the fruits Of his diligence
inconsderable Neither John Eliot nor Roger Williams
able 10 change essentially the habits and character
Of the New England tribes The Quakers came among
the Deawarcs the spirit Of peace and brothery love-