Year: 1875

S,~ASS S~Ao o"AAo ptAAoiP40 VI oNAooAAOo
which may recover specific property will
govern the title Of all other property held
BY the. same title The late war was
waged with the result of establishing the
sovereignty of all the people in the United
States, limited only by the constitutional
restrictions which they prescribed for
themselves. This restriction, the same
power. may alter, amend or repeal at
pleasure:


With the establishment of this principle
follows the power to do all acts which a
sovereign may do, and also to impose
upon these acts such construction of con-
formity with the constitutional restriction
as the sovereign judicial tribunals may
decide. The government of the United
States may, therefore, by concurrence of
its three departments, enact, adjudicate
and enforce any laws that it may deem
proper. 1t will be seen, upon reflection,
that the will of the people is supreme,
and is expressed through each and all of
these constitutional organisms. Thus,
the popular plurality elects the President
and the House of Representatives; the
people make and direct the States; the
President nominates the supreme national
judiciary, and the Senators confirm them.
Thus, every department of the govern
ment must conform to the will of the
people, except in so far as the Senate, not
based on numerical ratio, may qualify
that national will by sectional or acci-
dental power to control it.


This is popular sovereignty. 1t follows
that these doctrines of State interposition,
or of individual right of construction have
been superseded. They stand somewhat
with the bow and arrow, after the adop-
ton Of guns and gunpowder.


1t is this broad and national doctrine
that has dissolved the Democracy. A
sovereign may impose duty for the pro-
lection of industry. If the taxpayer raise
question of legality, the tribunal ap-
pointed by the sovereign will adjudicate
the question. A sovereign may regulate
the public currency and credit. 1t may
also judge of the measure and propriety of
appropriations. There is now no outside
authority to arrest the will of the people.
Hence it is that the Democracy have ac-
cepted and even improved the situation.
They demand the largest subsidies for
railroads, the highest tariff, and the most
redundant issue of currency issued upon
The undisputed authority of govern
ment which they once said had not even
the power to incorporate bank.


Perhaps these observations have been
suggested by the inaugural speech of
Senator Bogy, successor Of Senator
Benton, the great Democratic bullionist.
This statesman said last year that he was
a Democrat of the straitest sect, but
gave his aid to works Of improved naviga-
ton and other works of internal improve
ment. As he was one of the first speci-
mems of this early Towering and pro-
gressive Democrats that had been, we
marked the prococity of his avowals.


He now goes little further, and ad-
vocates first a national appropriation to
protect the special interest of cotton and
sugar by levee along the banks of the
Mississippi. This is good tariff doctrine.
and the Senator is greatly mistaken in
adducing for such an exercise of federal
power "the doctrine of the immortal
Calhoun" Mr.. Calhoun could not have
pronounced in favor of work of local
agricultural defense or reclamation with
out retracting principles which he deemed
vital to the federal system. The extent
to which Mr.. Calhoun advanced in recog-
nizing the duties and powers of the fed
eral government, was to justify the inn
provement Of the Mississippi navigation,
on the ground that it was an inland sea.


When Mr.. Bogy, as straight Dem
ocrat goes even beyond this, and advo-
Gates grants of money to the construction
of railroad, he lays down the practical
doctrine, "what is the right of individuals
is the right of government" and asked
that the government should give the
Southern Pacific railroad the same
''subsidy" that had been given the
Central and Credit Mobilier Northern
Pacific railroads. Senator Bogy quotes
Mr. Oalhouns guarded and logical con-
cession Of the right to improve navigation
as an authority for rampant and unre-
stricted assertion Of the power to protect
agriculture aid provide for transporta-
tion. II is very much as ii he had quoted
the advice to Timothy conceding the use
of little vine for. the stomach's sake
and for his often infirmities as war.
rant for weeks bust. p.


This is but one qf the many examples
of the dissolution of the Democratic
party. The Democrst Tilden praying for
the defeat Of the DemocEat Allen; Louisi-
ana Democracy vithoutany declaration Of
principles, 'tacdng itself on p the national
Demoorstic kite, careless 10 what dDctrine
on policy Il may be thereby committed
all prove the establishment of the nu-
merical nationality Of the whole people Of
the Union. Il establishes also the equal
ity Of all citizens before the law. The
ftnxthaR ounoaition ~ khoGR vho lno,viha ttAa