Year: 1871




more appropriately to our minds than
that in which so many thousands are


concerned in these winter months !;


namely, heating as large a space with as


small a supply as possible. This is a
problem in which the poor are not the


only ones concerned it is as interesting


to that large class possessed of slender
means as to the very needy; for the po-


sition they have to maintain renders
them as careful of their means as the


very poorest should be. The great


enemy of this unhappily large commu-
| nifty is the cold, and this must be guarded
against by all available means. Where
a cooking stove is in use, it can be made


to heat two rooms on the same floor, by


having an aperture in the partition, in


which the back of the stove may be set,
taking the precaution against accident
by fire, of setting frame of tin or zinc
between the stove and the woodwork of
the partition. A third room, over that
in which is the cooking stove, might be.
heated by a sheet iron dummy through
which the stove-pipe might pass on its
way to the chimney fiue. And even a
/ fourth room may be heated to some ex-
| tent by passing the pipe through the
partition, dividing the two upper rooms,
before it discharges into the chimney.


1t is true that all this calls for many
lengths of pipe, and it is comparatively
costly; but when compared with the
amount of comfort thus conveyed, and
regarding the economizing of fuel at the
same time, it is at least worthy of con-
| sideration. In a one-story cottage or
tenement, wherein the floor is divided
into four rooms by two partitions,
intersecting each other at right
angles, the best plan to adopt would be-
to have the cooking stove or the fire
place, as the case may be, located at the
! facing a room. If the fireplace be of
brick, the back and two sides should
have sheet iron plates inserted in them,
and the fireplace itself, being in an
angle of the room, would necessarily
project into the other rooms, making
angular heating places at each. Three
rooms could be heated to some degree
by one cooking stove, without interfer-
ing with the oven or other fixings in the
least, by having the front in the kitchen
ranging with the partition wall, and
having the body of the stove. project
back into the other room, having a suffi-
cient height of alcove over the griddles
to permit of the perfectly free opera
tions of the boiler, etc. This can be
easily understood by supposing a cook
stove completely inserted in fireplace,
as kitchen ranges generally are. Here
there is but little stove-pipe required,
and that which is used gives out heat to
the room in which it is set at the back
of the cooking stove. To avoid the eX-
pense of chimney building in cheap
cottages, a fiue may be safely construct
ed to rest on the ceiling joists by having
the latter sufficiently strong to bear the
weight. 1t is we'll also osprop them up
With f1uo-ipob Io1onIxc MIA cod 11r1,si oh =
one at each side of the perpendicular
line of the hue. The two upright
planks, being set against the chimney
back, could be readily made to form
the sides of a shelved closet or small
pantry.


= 1t not unfrequently happens that
stores are so situated as to present no
opportunity for heating by stoves placed
in them, unless by marring the general
appearance, or having to accept the in
conveniences of lengthy and uncouth
looking stove-pipe, with its necessary
suspenders of wire nailed up at inter
walls. In such case heat may be intro
duced from the cellar beneath, through
a register in the floor, or cast-iron or
namented pedestal, appropriately pierced
generated by furnace in the cellar,
having hot-air chamber in connection
with the floor of the store, by means of
a short pipe and register; the smoke
to be carried off through stove-pipe,
hung beneath the cellar ceiling, and
discharged into the nearest chimney
hue. A simple, ready and economical
heater, to answer the required purpose,
may be formed in the following manner:
Under the point fixed upon for the loca-
ton of the register, in the store, place
large-sized sheet iron box stove. Around
this build q hollow wall chamber, say
treble the dimensions of the stove.
This hollow wall may be made of two
parallel walls laid up on edge, and
bound at intervals with pieces of hoop
iron. The inner wall might be COM
posed of fire brick-the outer wall of
common brick. The inter-space might
be two inches wide, and be packed with
ground charcoal, a bed of which should
likewise be laid on the floor of the hot
air chamber, with layer of sand over
for the stove to stand upon. The OBJ
.ject of this introduction of charcoal is
to prevent the escape of heat, it being a
non-conductor. Plaster of Paris, OF
gypsum, would answer the same pur-
pose. The door of the stove should be
taken off, and set in the brickwork in
front, taking care that the opening be
secure against any escape of fire into
the hot-air chamber; in fact, placing
the brickwork in close connection with
the front of the stove. 1t is evident
that the space surrounding the stove
will, when the fire is going, become
filed with hot air, which will rise
through a large pipe to the register in
the store. And lest any heat may be
lost, it would be well to have second
pipe outside of this one, with a space of
an inch or SO between the two, thus re-
tanning, without any loss, all the hot air
in its ascent to the store floor. A cold
air opening, having stopper or slide,
should be provided at the floor line of
the hot-air chamber, and another for tile
draft of the stove itself.


Any handy man could readily put up
such a heating contrivance as this,
which possesses all the principles so
elaborately and scientifically carried out
in the various patent hot-air furnaces,
ETC., at a comparative trifing expense.
Other rooms on a level with the store
might also be so heated as to be COM
Portable from the same source; but this
would call for larger sized stove and
hot-air chamber, as well as for an addi-
ton to the pipes conveying the heated
air, not to speak of the necessary in
crease of fuel tomeet this extra demand
for heating.


If manufacturers of pottery would
turn their attention to the making of
earthenware for hot-air furnaces, how
much more healthy would they be than
iron as material for. such purposes, and
hoxu honSaS Of tho lOIulxr 1uO,,l1 Io