smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1874

A writer in the Superior Times
claims that the Jay Cooke interest
contributed largely to the defeat of
the bill in Congress to extend the
time for the completion of the St.
Croix and Lake Superior Railroad,
because the building of this road
would form competing line with
the Lake Superior and Mssis-
sippi road, which the Jay Cooke
party own This assertion is based
upon the alleged fact that nearly all
the Pennsylvania delegation voted
against the St. Croix extension bill
while they voted for a similar one
in relation TO the st Paul and Paci
tic road, which passed. There GER
talnly Is no more reason on general
principles for opposing one than the
other, and we are inclined to think
that the theory Of the writer in
question may be very near the truth.
The St. Paul and Pacific grant had
been twice extended or renewed
vet the need for the road was at
least no greater than that for the
St CroiX road. There is no sense
or justice IN the opposition that has
met the bill for the extension of
the St. Croix grant, and Congress
ought to be made to understand
this. The extension will not COM
init Congress to a continuance Of the
policy OF granting lands, because
1t would IN no sense be a new grant.
but simply the confirming of the
title of the state in an old one
one u which the state has acquired
at least a partial title by the dis
position which Il has shown TO de-
vote the grant to It's legitimate pur-





pose, and the investments which its
citizens have male in anticipation
Of The building of the road contem-
plated in the grant. If the state
had shown disposition to devote
the grant to other purposes than
that for which it was made, there
might be 4 valid objection to re-
newing it, but such a purpose has
never been conceived; and there is
little more justice in refusing to re-
new it than there would be in can
ceiling grant which has been fully
acquired by the fnltillment of its
. terms.
Year: 1874

Among the emigrants now at Cas-
tie Garden are about six hundred
Mennonites. Ifthese are fair sam
pie Of those who are to follow we
may expect the great body of emf
grant Mennonites about to come to
the United States from Russia to
rival their brethren in Pennsylvania
and Maryland and the States of the
Northwest, whose ancestors came
here before the Revolution. Most
readers will recall the singular his
torical fact that even Franklin op-
posed the emigration ofthese people
to the Provice of Pennsylv ania, and
yet they are to-day the bone and
sinew of that great Commonwealth.
The so-called Scotch-Irish, though
proverbially thrifty race, had no
chance in contending with the stea-
dy industry and economy Of the
German rel;gionists, and to-day
many of the most magnificent arms
in the State are owned by the Men
nonites. One fact as significant as
it is remarkable is that such thing
as poverty is, and always has been
unknown among them. A poor
Mennonite is harder to find than a
rich gambler. The reason Of this
is that they teach their children in
dustry and frugality as religious
duty, and laziness and thriftlessness
are, among them, vices to be partic-
ularly avoided. They are not what
the Yankees call ''intelligent," nei-
ther are they "cute," but they are
extremely honest, eminently active
in caring for their own interests,
without detriment to those of their
neighbors, and so Industrious that
they not only enrich themselves, but
as they have increased in numbers
and wealth they have conferred in
calculable blessings upon the whole
country. They do not believe in
war, but if all men were like them
in developing the natural resources
of the soil by honest toll the country
would soon become 80 rich that no.
body could afford to fight. They
are simple, modest, earnest, indus
trious and frugal people, and, though
opposed to war and taking no part
in politics, there are no better OF
more useful citizens. We have had
five or six generations of Mennon-
it's born in this country, and the
stock has proved so satisfactory that
we cannot but receive the new sup
ply with a special and hearty well
come.-N. Y. Herald.
Year: 1874

SAD FATE OF A Boy HERO. .-SOme
four or FIVE boys went out sailing
Friday at Pembroke, Maine, and the
boat was upset. The oldest boy,
about Is years old, son of John
Babcock, a workman in the iron
works, made the rest take hold of
the gunwale of the boat while he
went behind and began to push
ashore. One of the boys let go and


sank, when the Babcock boy dived
down and brought bin up, taking
him again into the boat. After GO
ing short distance the boy again
let go and sank, when Babcock, as
before, dived and brought him up,
after which he went to the stern of
Year: 1874

From the Chicago Post & Mail


THE POTTER Nv AND THE RAIL-


A morning paper yesterday anus
ed its readers by an editorial claim :
ing that the failure to pay interest,
build depots, and employ workmen,
by railroad corporations, is all
chargeable to the Wisconsin "Pot-
ter Railroad Law" That law was
only passed last winter. 1t has not
yet been in practical operation. and
the companies all claim it will final
ly be declared unconstitutional and
void. It's effect on railroad busines s
is as yet imperceptible. The roads
operating in Wisconsin are doing
their fair share of business at rates
which produce receipts fully on a
par with other roads. Nor have the
main lines in that state, so far as we
know, defaulted in their payments
OF interest. Nor has their reduc-
ton in the number of workinomen
employed been at all out of proper
ton with the number discharged by
other corporations, both commercial
and manufacturing.


The paper referred to has the i'm
pudence to assert that union depot
would be in the course of construc-
ton on the West Side were it not
for the oppressive Potter law, when
the same paper not long since ex-
planned the delay, if not failure. OF
that enterprise, upon entirely differ
ent, and doubtless far more truthful
considerations.


All this sort Of talk is very thin
humbug. The railroads are not
yet objects Of sympathy or victims
of persecution, and the attempt to
make them appear so viii only
cause ridicule among persons con
versant with the facts. Any vol
ume Of Poor's Ratlaoay Manual
will prove that the fluctuations in
the value Of railway stocks are no
greater now than formerly, and if
portion of the present depression
is chargeable upon an effort of the
people TO compel the railroad mana
gers to respect the rights of the
public, 1t is far more satisfactory
than to have it the result, as has in
the past been usual, of an effort of
railroad officials to speculate at the
expense of stockholders. Besides
the alleged depressed condition OF
affairs is not confined to Wisconsin
railroads or American railroads. 1t
is equally manifest abroad. In Eng
land the traffic upon the railways
shows decrease, and the price of
railroad securities is dropping. One
railroad, the Northeastern, in the
six weeks ending July L, showed a
decrease in receipts OF 100000
compared with the same period last
year. Another, the Great Western,
showed a falling off in the same
time of sl5O,OoO. But they have no
"Potter law" in Great Britain to
make use Of as a scapegoat, and so
simply confess the facts, and credit
them to the prevalent depression in
Year: 1874

anteed that, no matter what their reply
was, their lives should not be forfeited.
Having been reassured on this point,
they then replied that they saw every
thing dark except the streets Of Coo
massie, which ran with blood. Coffee
Calcalli was dissatisfied with the vague
ness of this reply, and determined to
appeal still further to the oracle. He
resorted to what he considered final
and conclusive test. Two he goats were
selected, one entirely black, the other of
spotless white color, and after due
Fetish ceremonies had been performed
over the two goats they were set at each
other. The white goat easily overcame
and killed his opponent. Coffee Cal
cali, after this test, was satisfied that
he was doomed to defeat at the hands of
the white men. He Immediately sent
the embassy to Sir Garnet Wolseley to
seek for peace.
Year: 1874

Mark Twain, in his Innocents
Abroad" thus describes the Duchess of
Edinburg as she appeared seven years
ago:


During the imperial reception who
ever chose stepped forward and spoke
with the modest little Grand Duchess
Marie, the Gear daughter. She is four
teen years old, lighthaired, blue eyes,
unassuming and pretty. Further on
the historian says of the Grand Duchess:
She had no heels on her shoes.


l was glad to observe that she wore her
own hair, plated in thick braids at the
back of her head, instead Of the un-
comely thing they call waterfall, which
is about as much like water
fall as a canvass-coyered ham IS
like a cataract. Taking the kind
expression that is in the Emperor s
face. and the gentleness that is
in his young daughters into considera-
ton, | wondered if it would not tax the
Cars frmness to the utmost to con-
denim supplicatiBg wretch to misery in
the wastes of Liberia if she pleaded for
him. Every time their eyes met, | saw
more and more what power that weak,
difident schoolgirl could WELD if she
choose to do it. Many and many
time she might rule the auteerat of Rus
sia, whose lightest word is law to seven
tv millions of people. She was only q
girl and she looked like a thousand
others I have seen. but never girl pro-
voked such a novel and peculiar interest
in me before. A strange, new sensa-
ton is a rare thing in this humdrum life,
and | had it here"
Year: 1874

hereby tender grateful acknowledge to
my many customers for their liberal patronage,
and pledge myself to make every effort TO carry
stock of goods that will do credit to the State
of Virginis. and serve tG concentrate trade in
our city that will be advantageous to both buy
or and seller
Year: 1874

Putting 1T Square.
From the Dslswarean.


Why should the Nsws and AaVe,ttser wish to
make the people believe that there IS not the
least danger OF the negroes ruling the Rspubli-
can part? II they are the equals OF the white men
Is that paper has said by Its words and actions
why should they not rule We would not
charge tho editors OF tho Ne1s and Adeertiser
with being either ignoramuses or idiots If they
were to say that the Democratic party was
composed entirely OF white men, (as 1t ISL or II
they should say we had all the white voters in
the State (though there are some we can say
with candor we do not want.)W would not be-
ashamed of our company We would gladly
welcome every white man to the Democratic
party who honestly and sincerely desires the
elevation OF bis own race In preference to the
| negro race. None need apply for admission
unless he Is in accord with that principle. He
vor OF nsgro-equahty he will find moro con-
genialily in the Republican party. IL was NOT
our intention to give that party more negro
voters than they really have, neither do we
| think that we have done injustice In our state
meuis heretofore made. We do repeat that Q
majority OF the Republican party In this State
are negroes. and that that party Is in favor o
admitting negroes into the public schools


churches, hotels and the public offices. II you


are ashamed Of your party because majority


are negroes, II you are opposed to nsgro-rule


negro-eauality in the public schools, churches


hotels, railroad cars, and to placing negroes l,


office. make that declaration. Denounoe tn


Sumner-Butler civil rights bill and deman,
that your party In this State shall pass resc
luton cOndemning them. Until you do this q
. party we shall use our best endeavOrs I


keep that party properly before an intellger
people.
Year: 1874

When it is to be manufactured into con.
densed food, milk seems to be the only nat.
ural food which contains in itself all the con-
stituents necessary to the proper supply Of
all the TISSUES of the human body. Scien.
lists find while food contains numerous prox-
innate principles, including water, its chief
value as a nutritive agent aud for commerce
depends on the quantity Of casein, butter
and sugar mechanically and chemically held
in the lacteal fluid BY quantitive analysis
of hundred pounds Of milk, it is found to
contain A of casein: 81 of butter; Al
parts of sugar. In the manufacture of
cheese, portion of butter is Lost in various
ways, apparently more being wasted when
the night milk is retained in the vat until
morning, and mixed with the morning mess,
than there is when the milk is manufactured
into cheese Immediately on its reception at
the factory. 1t is to save this waste and
produce more FROM the same quantity Of
milk that the factories called "creameries"
were established.


Some of the experiments in the uianuiac.
ture of butter and cheese in creameries,
show the following practical results, which
hJ OuCo Despehh tHcH ublhtJs


In one creamery from 5000 pounds of
milk, 80 pounds of butter can be made,
which leaves the fluid still rich enough to
make pound of cheese from ten and one
half pounds of milk or $50 pounds OF cheese.
The butter and cheese brought clear Of ex-
ponse of making a total Of S92.6O as a net
result from the milk The same quantity Of
milk manufactured into cheese exclusively
will give net sum for sales Of SS0-a bal
ance in favor Of butter aud cheese alone ol
Sl260 per day or nearly S4O0 per month


This is the experience Of Mr.. W. l.. Hunt
of Rome, n Y, which he says is not a
fancy sketch, but is rather under than over
drawn He says this yield Of butter from
the night milk is fair average tor siG
months, May and June yielding more, aud
July and August may give less than this
The removal of this quantity Of butter does
not materially change the quantity or the
quality Of the subsequent product of the
milk. Rutland Globe.
Year: 1874

Every good housewife knows the frequen-
cy Of burns and scalds, and their painful
and often alarming nature. There are many
old time remedies to relieve the pain and
burning sensation, of more or less value, but
none equal to pure glycerine. Applied to
the unbroken surface of burn or scald, it
instantly relieves the pain and effects
speedy cure The glycerine, being thick,
impenetrable fluid, effectually excludes,the
air, and being of soothing nature draws
the Inflammation and assists in healing the
wounded part.


Some years ago the writer chanced to fall
upon hot stove, burning and bruising the
face IN u serious manner. Glycerine was
applied and in short time the wound was
we'll, with no remaining scars to tell the tale
of the unfortunate occurrence.


A bottle of glycerine should be kept in
every house, for not only is it good for burns,
but there is no better application for chapped
hands, lips, &c. L. II. NORToN.
Year: 1874

The advantages Of having good supply
of roots to feed to stock are much greater
than many of us realize. If every farmer
who keeps stock could be induced to put in
a good area of roots when getting in his
crops this spring, the amount Of food for
stock would BE- much increased, and the
general health of stock in the state next
winter would be equally improved


An acre in turnips or other roots will pro-
duce larger amount of fodder than the
same land in grass or grain, and at hardly
more expense, which would have weight
with most farmers If the fact were under
stood, but this is not the principal advantage
to be realized We all know how eagerly
cattle will seize potato or other root in
winter; it is ~ much OF treat TO them af-
ter being kept on dry hay for weeks as any
of the luxuries on our table are to US, and
more so, for cattle fed on dry hay are not
fed as Nature feeds them. In their natural
state their food is the green herbage Of the
fields, and when shut up for six months and
confined to feed of dry hay and straw, the
wonder is not that they often fail to do well,
and run down in flesh, but that disease ia
not more common and fatal A feed every
day of turnips, carrots, or beets, will make
their food nearer like that supplied by Ma
ture on their native plains, and conduco tC
health in the animal and profit in the pock.
ct of the owner


10 view of these facts, Of the scarcity Of
hay this season in many localities, and ol
the probable short crop the coming seasor
owing to the severity Of the past winter
having injured many grass fields, we fee
sure those who have tried the growing o
roots for stock heretofore will put in larg
er area this season, and we hope many whC
have not done so will be induced TO Civ,
them trial. In this connection we woulC
commend to all perusal OF Mr.. Thorpi
article on Root Culture in the FARMER o
May 8. Mr.. Il. is deep-thinking, practi
cal man, and from years of experience, no
bnly here but in England, where the system
of farming is much in advance or ours anC
the growing of roots far more common, j
well qualified to give instruction to man.
readers. 1t is not yet too late to plant
field of turnips or even of beets, carrots, o
mangolds.
Year: 1874

Why do women and young ladies IN par
ticular, have such an abhorrence Of fai mers,
and marrying farmers2 What is there
about being farmers wife that should
cause young ladies TO stare with horror at
you, if you should say that steady, intel
lectual, respectable farmer was preferable to
village "snob" that eau swagger and strut
aud sport kid gloves and cigars, and more
than likely as not his breath will emit the
fragrant Odor Of the popular young man OF
the present day, whisky. will in my fee
BILE way present some Of the reasons


They are educated in that way from their
earliest childhood the principles and ideas
taught and inculcated at home by silly
mothers does 1t. They are taught that-it is
degrading to work, and that it is beneath
them to associate with those that do work
they are taught also that if they have an
older brother that is assisting their father
on the farm, he is not suitable company for
them they will not be seen out with that
lawful awkward creature" he is not pol
ished in his manners like such "dear genteel
folks" as such young man that never did
days work in his life but on the contrary
has wasted more valuable time and money
than he will ever earn if he lives a century.
They are taught to esteem fine dress and
good looks far preferable to worth and hon
esty, and by the time they are put in long
dresses they are ashamed to be seen in any
public place with an honest farmers boy for
an escort. His hands may be brown with
toll and his face somewhat sun-burned, but
there is more intelligence in one such face
than in a score Of these inspid, weak-mind-
ed dandies that hang, idiug their time away,
around stores aud taverus. They hear 1t
said at home, "Oh dear, never would mar
ry farmer or poor man; here IT is work
all the time, nothing but drudgsry; now
girls, if you ever marry, don't marry to be
drudge" Theu again, some mothers are
very shrewd, and will educate their daugh-
ters for fashionable society, and to be fash
ionable mems wives. Now girls if you


value your life's happiness, do not waste
time and talents on cultivating pride of dress,
and the society Of heartless young men !;
throw them both aside store the mind with
useful, practical knowledge, learn how to
work and take care of yourselves there is
. nothing degrading in this; never despise a


farmers life, because there is more true


comfort and happiness to be the esteemed


wife of an honest farmer, than the wife Of
) bra,nless fop. A.
Cabot r..'
Year: 1874

Mr.. Il. s. Lewis, in the Utica Herald
gives the following directions for the work
ing of butter. A great deal OF butter is in
jured in working, and Mr., Lowis's ideas are
worthy Of perusal


When the butter comes, and as ,soOn as
the dash churns clean, take off the cover !;
do not gather the butter compact with the
dash in the churn-as is usually done-do
not gather il at all, but have hair sieve,
which first wet in hot aud then 10 cold water,
so that the butter will not stick to it. Then
have piece Of board that will 6ll inside
Of the churn TO hold the butter back turn
the buttermilk from the churn through the
sieve. When the buttermllk is drained out
let the butter remain in the ohurn then
Year: 1874

This is the season Of the year when every
one is in hurry. There are 80 many things
that must be done. that those Of less impor-
tance are often neglected, md with them
some Of the most important generally are
put of for moro convenient season. Too
often do we see the line and other fences
allowed to lie with rail down here. stake
broken there, or board loose yonder, watt
ing until there is little more time which
can be given to them. Week after week
wears away, hoeing follows springs work,
and before the hoeing is fairly done haying
is upon us, and still no time has been found
to repair the fences, until some day ten or
fifteen head of cattle are found in the corn,
and more damage is done than Il would have
cost to mend the fence in the FIRST place,
while the reFa.sshsast be made now. and the
fence made higher and stronger than would
have been necessary before, for we all know
how much harder it is to fence against cattle
after they have once obtained taste Of the
crops. Then if the cattle which have caused
the damage happen to belong to our neigh
Dor instead of ourselves, there is pretty
good basis upon which to commence q law
suit which will enable both parties to expend
large sum Of money for the benefit Of the
lawyers, and get virtually 20 return, which,
ever way the case goes, besides getting into
a state of ill-humor with each other and all
around them. Good fences make good
neighbors," was the motto Of a friend Of
mine, and though his neighbors sometimes
grumbled little at being called upon to
" help mend the line fence when work was
so driving never knew one who did not
say it was the best way after it was done
especially if neighbours cattle on the other
side Of him happened to get in over the fence
which had been neglected there, and do thir.
ty or forty dollars worth of damage some
night.


| hope all who read the FARMER will take
the stitch in time which saves nine, and sc
not have any lawsuits next fall to collect
damages done by unruly cattle breaking
over poor fences, nor yet have to pocket !
heavy bill of expense fromthe same cause


A SUBSCRIBER.


BarnstOn, p. O., May Is.
Year: 1874

take your water, holding 1t up as high ~
your head, pour il upon the butter iu
stream sufficiently large, so that il will force
its way through the butter, aud keep ths
stream moving about upon the butter this
will separate the little balls Of butter fll
up the churn with water until what little
buttermilk there was 10 tho butter is diluted
TO that extent that there will be no necessity
of changing the water, and the result will DO
that your butter will be washed or the but
termilk all rinsed out Of the butter without
breaking. marriug, or injuring single grain
Of the butter.


When it sufficiently hardeus 10 the
water, take It out for sailing, using the iadle
to get out the most Of il, then the sieve
Now comes the sailing and working. For
butter worker an inclined plane in the shape
of letter A, with a round lever, is prefer
red. Spread the butter upon the worker,
then put on half the quantity Of salt you
desire TO use, roll it 10, then with small,
fat, wooden shovel, turn one hall Of II over
on the top Of the other half put on half Of
the remaining SALT roll it back do the other
half in the same way, and then put on the
balance Of the salt then work the salt ip
somewhat, taking paftlcular care p0t TO let
the lever slip on the butter while working it..
Always let the lever 20 on the butter with n
rolling motion. If you allow the lever to
slip on the butter it will destroy the grain
and make it look shiny.


Set the butter away in a cool place at
night put it in the worker work it a little,
then let it stand until morning, and work
again Just enough to bo sure the streaks are
out-the white streaks are parts that have
not taken salt-theu pack. The butter
worker should stand face to the light. The
best bowls to use are the white oak butter
tnhSy