Year: 1877




comes what is termed worn out Besides,
every load OF hay and every bushel of
grain sold off the farm carries away the
same material as it is the hay and grain
that makes the bones of our cattle. horses,
etc. Five per cent. Of all plants are com
posed Of ten mineral substances, of which
bone forms large part, and which comes
directly from the earth, while the fat of
the animals is composed OF carbon oXy-
gen and hydrogen. three Of the gases
that plants take exclusively from the air,
in the forms of carbonic acid and water,
which constitute about nincty-tour per
! cent. Of all plants


READING AND THINKING FARMERS.
We believe that the great want OF farm
clS, as a class, is more education. We
complain OF the Ovelreaching ayaricious-
ness OF other classes. We complain Of
the manner in which we are imposed
upon by those who compel us to pay eN-
trayagant prices for what we want to
! buy, and who in turn give us but small
compensation for our labor We must
make our intelligence as Il class equal to
that OF others. We must prepare our
selves to fill the responsible position in
society, and then farmers will exert an
influence more in proportion to theirnum-
bers and the vast industry which they
represent. Farmers are not lacking in
natural intelligence. Their minds are
strong, and many often surprise them
selves and telloWmen by thcir accomplish
mentS when they have been called into
positions which have afforded them the
discipline and culture which alone were
wanting to develop their good qualities.
If we were shy of investing in patent
right and mining stocks, and all attempts
to get rich suddenly. and would put Il
| little money every year into books and
first class papers, we would find ourselves
growing stronger, and attaining Il higher
position Of influence in society and public
affairs. ilusbandman.


SIMPLE METHOD FOR TANNING A
LAME SKIN WITH THE WOOL ON. Make
a strong soap p-sudS, using hot water:
when it is cold wash the skin in it, care
fully squeezing it between the hands to
get the dirt out of the wool; then wash
the suap out With clean cold water; next
dissolve alum and salt, of each half Il
| pound, in Il little hot water, which put
into Il tub of cold water sufficient to cover
| the skin. and let it soak in it over night
OF tWelN hours: now hang the skin over
Il pole to drain; when we'll drained spread
or stretch carefully on a board to dry. 1t
need not he tackled if drawn out several
times with the hand while drying When
Yet little damp sprinkle pulNerized salt
petre and alum (an ounce each mixed to-
gether) on the flesh side, rubbing it in
well. 1t is now to hang in the shade for
Two 0r three days, the flesh side in, until
| perfectly dry. When entirely dry scrape
/ the flesh side with a blunt knife to re
| move amy scraps OF flesh. Trim off all
/ projecting points and rub the flesh side
! With pumace OF rotten stone. and with
the hands. Prepared in this way it is
| white and beautiful. suitable for Il door
mat, and also nice for the feet in a sleigh
or wagon in cold weather.


| To destroy bugs on squash and cucunl-
| Der vines, dissolve a teuspoontul of salt
/ petre ina pailtul OF water: put one pint Of
/ this around each hill, shaping the earth
/ SO that it will not spread much, and the
/ thing is done. Use more Saltpetre if YOU
/ can afford tit is good for vegetables,
! but death to animal life. The bugs bur
row in the earth at night and fail to rise
| in the morning. 1t is also good to kill the
grub in peach trees, only use twice as
! much, say Il quart to each tree There
was not a yellow OF blistere1 leaf ON the
| twelve or fifteen trees to which it was ap-
| piled last season. No danger of killing
| amy vegetable with it-a concentrated
| solution applied to beans make them
! grow wonderfully.


| A correspondent says he protects his
! squash vines from the bugs by the use of
| kerosene. He merely molstens ashes with
it, which are placed in the vicinity of the
vines. He has tried it two years success
fully The efficiency of the remedy must
come from the odor


In IA recent number Of Forest and
Stream j. \. Davis gives the following
as Il certain plan to drive crows from the
corn field: "a very successful plan has
been tried by placing in Mr.. Crows way
Il number OF grains with a horse hair run
through them. He is bound to swallow
one, and his note of alarm is soon sound
ed 1t is impossible for him to dislodgc
the grain, and if he can be watched a
sufficient length of time he will be seen to
cut his own throat in scratching at it.
His usual note is changed, and can as
sure You life to him is such a misery he
could even wish that he were dead 1t
has been noticed that after the note OF
alarm has been sounded all the crows in
the vicinity will leave the field and ap-
proach it no more that season 1t is a
simple thing, yet all who try it find it a
success


RICH MILK We tested one of our
Jersey cows short time since; 1--WE have
only owned her a short time,) she is a
golden taWn; has deep yellow skin; a
good milk mirror, and a very handsome
COW. She calNed last July We give
her one quart each of corn and barley
meal and two quarts of shorts, with hay
and roots for daily rations. She Welded
III return during the week BIZ quarts ol
milk, from which we made 81 pounds OF


butter; being an average of | pound OF


butter to 81 quarts of milk. 1t is our aim


in breeding to get COWS that will produce
the most butter from given quantity OF
milk, and intensity that quantity as much
as possible This is the standard of most
Jersey breeders to keep the Jersey in
her present high rank as a butter COW,
and to raise her still higher by Il course
of systematic breeding. Country Cen
| tleman.


Farm Paragraphs.


The average yield of butter per COW in


Vermont, is said by Dr. Hoskins to be not
over l25 pounds per annum.


Machinery out of doors all winter is the