smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1878

Oregonians scarcely know how TO ap-
preciate the blessings of their climate
until reports of the intense heat that
prevails upon the Atlantic slope reaches
them. HarPeJ's Weekly says:


How to keep cool is the greatest prob
lem just at this present writing. The
merciless July sun beats down upon the
parched earth, and humanity pants and
droOps. We long for cooling showers,
and are tempted to sit with fan in one
band and glass of iced beverage in
the other, aud to divide our attention
between the thermometer and fire.
quent adjustment of diminished cloth
ing. Such protracted heat is serious
draught on strength and vitality. New
ertheless, there is little doubt that our
sutierings are intensified by constantly
thinking about and lamenting over the
hot weather. A calm and steady en-
gagement in suitable occupation is re-
ally more comfortable than absolute
idleness. And as the majority of people
have something to do, they may con-
gratulate themselves thereupOn. Those


who are forced to expose themselves to
the suns direct rays, or TO labor in con-
fined heat, in these days, are to be pit
led, and need to take many precautions
against prOstratiOn. But for those who
may TO SOME extent choose for them
selves, there is no better way to keep
cool in the city than, while avoiding
exposure to the sun, to engage in light
avOcatiOns, to avoid vexatious subjects
of thought, to drink sparingly of ice-


water, to eat lightly and dress sensibly.
Year: 1878

No wonder men are always preaching
about the happiness marriage confers on
women, for 1.-THE wife of Prof. Rust, Of
the Madison Ind Commercial College,
was so disheartened by her husbands 5
scOlding, because supper was late, that
she hung herself, on Friday night; and
when the body was cut down, next morn
ing, her babe of five months was found
lying on the bed, crying from hunger.
The husband slept in another part of the
house that night, and went away in the
morning without eating breakfast or
seeing his wife, aud did not know Of her
fate till the neighbor's children weresent
to tell him."
Year: 1878

NOTHING To DO.-The brave man OF
woman will always find something to
do. know little woman who, by her
husbands illness, has been reduced to
work for a livelihood. She will do any,
thing which is honest. One week she
does some copying; the next week she
is at her sewing machine. A friends
eyes are weak, and she happened to say
she was looking for a seamstress. At
once our heroine for are not such hero
ines p stamped on her pride, which
squirmed horribly and said, "Remem-
Der she was your bridesmaid, and don't
know how very poor you are; you'd bet
ter pretend you know of a seamstress.i' -
Down came the foot, and the words are
spoken bravely: "If I may take the
work home, will be very glad to do il"
Another time there is sudden sickness,
and a nurse is required. She goes; aud
so gradually she acquired a reputation
for intense earnestness in fulfilling her
duty-that of earning money for her
children-and, one thing leading to an
other, she learns how to support her
family comfortably, and with ease.
Where there's e will, one can generally
find a way.
Year: 1878

It is a promising trait Of our political
condition that education is still making
its way to places where il has never
fiourished, that even the ultramontane
influence has failed to check its progress
at the North, and that in many of the
Southern States the violent prejudices
of caste are yielding to the useful influ-
ence Of the intelligent teacher. Here, in
fact, is our best hope of future union
and peace. An educated community
will prove our only safeguard against
insincere and unworthy political lead
ers. The murderer, duelist, gambler,
sink before the progress of knowledge.
Educated communities punish or scOrn
them. Barbarism fades before the pub
lie school. Humanity and honesty sur
round the modest schOol-house. Clean
illness, sObriety, decency are learned in
childhood. Labor is eheered and
adorned by the study of letters, and the
humblest workman may spend at least
one hour a day with the poets, histo-
rians aud philosophers.
Year: 1878

A man by the name of Nevil in the United
States, has invented a machine for excayating
earth and making bitches, which is said to be
a success In California this novel machine
was tried recently, and worked like a charm.


The first trial was made on soft bottom land
and the second on hard dry land. On hard
dry land it excavated ditch eight inches
wide, foot in depth, and three hundred feet
long, in FIVE minutes. In soft bottom land it
dug ditch half mile in length in one day.
1t is calculated to excavate as much earth in
one day as one hundred men can with shovels.
Four horses propel the machine easily on soft
ground, it requires about the same propelling
power as an ordinary gang plow. The dirt is
cut up with shears, forced into the fange of
revolving wheel; carried to the top, and dis
charged on one side of the ditch 1t can be
thrown either in or out of gear by a screw
governor, worked by man at the tail of the
machine. With such a labor saving machine
farmer may ditch his farm in short time
and at comparatively trivial cost. We have
made this note of this novel invention in the
hope of benefting some of our people to whom
its use might be of great service. 1t is well
to know that such things do exist, especially
where labor is so scarce as on these Islands.
and so high withal.


Every labor saving machine that is inven-
ted is just so many more hands concentrated
on one branch of industry, and is therefore a
benefit. We're it not for the reaping, moving,
sowing and threshing machines, now in use,
together with the gang plow, and other labor
saving machines now used by farmers in Cali
fornia and the Western States, it would be i'm
possible to work the immense farms now cul-
tivated in those localities and the regions of
fertile country now yielding millions of dollars
worth of produce per annum, would be as
heretofore, but bowling wilderness. We do
not agree with those short-sighted people who
denounce labor saving machinery as a curse,
because we consider all such direct blessings
to mankind. If our planters would only con-
slider their own interests, they would avail
themselves of every labor saving machine that
is invented, adapted to their business and ne
cessities. By this means they will be able to
supply the lack of numbers in their labor &C
counts, and make more profits than through
Year: 1878

quarter. and therefore looks upon the subsidy
as of no consequence to Brazil 1t was some
what niggardly, we think, on the part of Con-
gress to refuse the subsidy to the New York and
Brazilian line of steamships, because of the
great and growing trade between the United
States and Brazil. Had Congress refused all
steamship subsidies, there would be less cause
of complaint, but this was not the case: and
if Mr. Roach and his friends feel offended, be-
cause Congress refused his ships government
aid to carry out the enterprise, he is excusa-
BILE; but we do not believe so shrewd a man
as John Roach, would be guilty of an act oi
sheer folly, like that attributed to him by his
enemies and rivals in business.
Year: 1878

This treaty was formally signed on the 18th


Of July last, by all the plenipotentiaries of
the Great Powers, a full account of which will


be found in our columns of this week, together
with a synopsis of the articles of the treaty,


which to save space we prefer to publish in
stead of the full text which would occupy too
much room, and at the same time, be less in
telligible to most readers. AS we said, few
weeks ago, the treaty is the longest document
of the kind ever promulgated. 1t would seem
from this fact, that there was a sincere desire
on the part of representatives at the Congress
that this Treaty of Berlin should be SO well
guarded, and so explicit in its wording that
there would be but small chance of picking
flaws in it. The leading object of the Congress
being to preserve as far as possible the peace
of Europe by the stipulations of the compact.
If this object has been obtained by the Treaty
of Berlin. the world will have cause to rejoice,
and the names of those men who participated
in the deliberations and brought about so de-
sirable termination, will go down to posterity
as benefactors of the human race Wars in
these times are so destructive and expensive,
that the statesmen of the old world are becom-
ing correspondingly cautious about bringing
about great national ruptures; and in this we
see one of the most hopeful signs of civiliza-
tion, and the progress of human enlightenment.
Year: 1878

any other means The ingenuity of man is


ever active, and will promptly accommodate
itself to all the wants of the age in every
country. We live in an age of progress, and
he who wishes to keep abreast of the times
must be ever on the qui rtre for the newest
inventions, or be content to fall to the rear Of
those who do.
Year: 1878

In our last weeks issue of the GAZETTE,
in our commercial column, we made some OBJ
servations on the subject of the renewed de-
termination on the part of the United States
Custom authorities at San Francisco, to treat
washed sugars exported from these islands as
serious misgivings as to whether the Customs
authorities were not strictly right in such a
construction, although we confessed, as we
still do, that the construction would be a
strained one, not justified by liberal latitude,
such as such treaties usually receive at the
hands of treaty parties.


Since we penned the article alluded to, we
have made inquiry to ascertain the facts touch
ing the operation of refining sugar, and the
result is, that we find quite different state
of the case to what we supposed it to be. The
question, therefore, comes fairly up, what are
refined sugars? The answer to this question
is this


In order to refine sugars, they must be re-
melted; that is, they must go through the
steam or fire process of being re-melted from
their first crude state to make them refined


This being the case, it is very clear that
washed sugars cannot, by any construction of
the Reciprocity Treaty between the United
States and this Kingdom, that would be at all
compatible with sound reason, be placed in
the category of refined sugars, and therefore
there is no reason for alarm on this subject
We are glad to be able to make this clear and
explicit statement, which we are reliably in
formed is in accordance with the recent decis-
ion of the Treasury Department of the United
States on this subject, aud this puts at rest all
controversy touching the question of what
constitutes refined sugars.
Year: 1878

After six years and half of distinguished
service in the New Dominion as its Cover
nor General Earl Dufferin sailed from Que
bee yesterday for England, bearing with
him the affectionate good will of the Cana
dian people. The scene of parting, which
our special despatch describes, was a re-
markable one. Cold winds and heavy rains
could not chill the warmth nor damp
the ardor of those who gathered on
bid him farewell. Still young man,
Lord Dufferin bears with him in those
hearty cheers which sum up the gen neral
verdict upon his administration the prom
ise of future even more brilliant in the
Old World. The tact and graces which
ing interests and smoothing over difficult
ties will probably before long find loftier
employment. In the settlement of the
Ministerial question by the swearing in of
Sir John Macdonald he has removed every
trace of unpleasant duty from the
Marquis Of Lorne. who will find
the new Cabinet in working order
upon his arrival. Canadian expectation
will now be turned to the new conner and
his royal wife, and in the evident determi-
nation of the home government to dignity
the entry Of the young Campbell by every
available pomp Of circumstance and sign of
power they will find much to crafty their
curiosity and promote their loyalty. Yet it
is plain that Earl Dufferin will not be for
gotten amid these official rejoicings. 1t is
scarcely too much to add that when Canada
rests contentedly rs a part of our great fed
Grafton His Lordship's memory will be
cherished as that of the good Haroun al
Raschid is in the song and story of the
Orient.
Year: 1878

Shortly before the Hanlan- Courtney race
at Lachine Courtney, who had been slightly
the favorite in the betting, began TO lose
ground. Rumors we're rife that in his own
home ut Union Springs, at Auburn and all
through Cayuga county. his best friends
were deserting him; that intimates of his
and Of his hackers we're in receipt Of word
from the latter that he was sure to lose, and
that men were leaving Auburn suddenly
for this city and Montreal in hopes to
hedge and cover their threatened losses.
The unquestioned fact that brother
of one Of Courtneys hackers was
openly avowing in Auburn that Hanlan
would win, and that On intimate of his had
telegraphed to a prominent pool room in
this city that Courtney had sold the race,
gave force to the ugly news, and soon it was
flashing all over the land. Canadians, all
along confident that their man could win,
were hocking into Montreal by the thou
sand, and the betting soon ran mp to the
fabulous rate Of three and even four to one
on Hanlan, with scarcely any takers. All
this time Courtney was well, indeed in
high condition, and no reason was known
why, if he wished, he should not make O
wonderful fight, If not a certain victory.
And yet, when the race day came, he was
almost without a friend, and when the race
was rowed, though over and over he collared
and passed his man, almost fouling him at
the finish he stopped rowing for moment
and was beaten by half length.


At once the press of the country were on
his trail Every sort Of inquiry was made,
and while lattcrly the light begins to break
in his favor it was hard to tell how
Year: 1878

The Tammany Convention yesterday con-
cluded its labors by the nomination OF can
didates tor the offices to be filed at the next
election. In one name the anticipations OF
the political gossips were not sustained,
and they were either at fault in their infor-
nation as to the make up of the slate or
the slate was changed at the last moment.
Tammany, therefore, presents tor the suf-
frages of its lieges Mr.. Schell for Mayor,
MI. Frederick Smythe for District Attorney,
Judge Bedford for City Judge and
Alderman Tuomey for Coroner. Our
opinion on the one garing defect
in Tammany ticket has been
declared and is known. Aside from that
weakness there is no fault to be found with
the ticket now made. Ithas, indeed, an in
herent strength in the character OF the
names it bears. Mr.. Schell is well known
in his party and to the general public as
highly respected citizen, and as one
against whose intelligence, credit and char
acter not word can be said. Mr.. Smythe,
now nominated for District Attorney, is the
gentleman who stood as the Tammany cam



suited in the election of Recorder Hackett.
1t was then conceded that he was a gentle
man in every way worthy the public conf
dence, and even that the case OF the
people against a factious attempt to
displace an admirable functionary was
made more striking than it would otherwise
have been by the admitted merits OF the
man it was necessary to defeat tor the as
sertion of the principle of popular SOW
ereignty. Judge Bedford is remembered by
the public for his conspicuous success in his
former discharge Of the duties of the position
pity that this ofice-or, inde eed, that judiciary
offices generally-sh should be involved in the
whirl and strife of party politics, and re-
grettable that when good and capable man
like Judge Bedford is brought forward
the parties could not agree to make his
election certain by making the same nomi-
nation on both Sides Now that Tammany
is fairly in the field we shall soon hear
from the opposing elements that it was at
one time hoped could be brought to combine
upon q ticket that would command all
the Independent votes. Perhaps the pub
lie needs scarcely to be told at this time that
that hope grows small by degrees and beau
tifully less. Intrigue is busy on that side
in the great effort to put the popular inter-
est aside and turn the whole movement to
the profit Of sly, slow politician OF whom
the people have, we believe, had more than
enough. Tammanys great defect is of that
nature; but if this defect is even more
fragrant on the other side, as it now bids
fair to be, there will then be no choice be-
tween the two tickets on the ground of
principle, and if the public must choose
only as to the respective merit Of the candi-
dates, all that has been heard of what the
combination proposes to do leads US to be-
lieve that the Tammany ticket, as now pre-
sented, will be decidedly preferable to the
other.
Year: 1878

Mr. Clarkson Potter, who has served ably
and successfully during several terms in
Congress-, declines denomination. His
party must regret this refusal to serve it,
tor it has not too many men Of brains and
sound judgment in the House of Repre-
sentatives Mr. Potter gives good many
reasons TOR rejecting the offer of his con-
stituents to return him once more but his
letter leads us to conclude that the chief
reason is disgust with the condition of
political affairs. We cannot blame
him tor being disgusted, but we suspect
many of his friends will think it a mistake
in him to abandon the political field just at
the time when the labors of all good and
sensible men are most needed there. lie
writes that he finds himself unable to
agree with his party on some important
points but the fact is that neither his party
nor the other agrees with itself on any inn
portant point. AT the last session of Con-
press there was not strict party vote
cast on any question that we now
recall, except on the motion to constitute
that unfortunate committee of which Mr.


Potter became chairman /; party politics
are SO utterly muddled that neither party
was able to determine on any point of
public policy in caucus. Such a time
seems propitious for men of brains to exer-
else their influence in giving shape to new
party policies and we should have thought
that the political field would be especially
interesting at such q time to Mr.. Potter.
Year: 1878

much confidence to place in mere hearsay
stories of reporters who had nothing over
Courtney's own name. But he has recently
challenged investigation, and besides enter
ing suit against one newspaper in his own
locality for libel he has now freely unbo-
somed himself under oath in a statement
which will be found on another page OF this
paper. Strangely enough the whole mat
ter practically Sits down to two facts
Courtney did not know the course, and the
brother OF one of his hackers actually had
been talking him down before the race.
But it was only to bring down the odds
which then favored Courtney and make the
betting better for his friends, which result
1t certainly effected with a vengeance. But
1t is very clear that Courtney was party to
no wrong act nor cognizant Of the mad
step his friend was taking, and it is equally
plain that his hackers honestly stood by
him to the bitter end. 1t is but simple
justice to him, then, that until sworn proof
is shown to the ntrary he should again
receive the confidence freely accorded to
him before, and that slanderous charges
which, under sworn proof, are shown to
utterly lack foundation should be silenced
q. once.
Year: 1878

What the Candidates Have to sny.


In another part Of to-day's HERALD the
reader will find the opinions of large
number of candidates for Office on a variety
OF topics Of immediate interest in the
politics of the day. Inquiries made by our
reporters of candidates for Congress, for
the Assembly, for the Board Of Aldermen
and the offices of District Attorney, Alder
men and Mayor are Responded to by men
of all parties in variable spirit and to
very contrary effect as the parties differ, but
altogether very frankly and plainly. Re-
sumption, the national banks, the army,
the navigation laws. fraud, the wages Of
laborers employed by the city, the powers
Of the Mayor, the reapportionment of the
State, the duties of district attorneys-t these
are some of the topics on which the men
who request the suffrages OF the people
of the city give their opinions. With
these responses of candidates before him no
man can declare himself entirely ignorant
Of the candidate for whom he deposits his
ballot. Commonly the people get in their
hands on election day beautiful variety
Of little tickets covered with the names Of
men Of whom they never heard before, and
between the different aspirants for any
given Office that can make no other distinc-
ton than that one is called democrat and
the other q republican. With the record
we spread before the public to-day an i'm
provement is possible, for by this the voter
can at least discover what the candidates
opinions are on points Of decided moment
in the concerns Of the day; discover that
some candidates have good, distinct, de-
fenslble opinions that may be wrong; that


some are very habby-witted on all subjects,
Year: 1878

Hundreds of preachers in New York and
its vicinity will 60 into their pulpits to-day
with sermons which, in point of proportion,
diction and other literary graces, have been
carefully prepared There is another
quality, however, which every conscien-
tious minister will admit is necessary to
sermon-it is that of moral and spiritual
effectiveness To be effective q thing must
be strong. Strength is not inconsistent
with grace and elegance, but without it the
latter are useless. But how can a sermon
be strong when its subject matter is diluted
to the very verge of destruction with words
Soups and broths are very well as portions
of a meal, but of themselves alone they
are very unsatisfying TODD. A valuable
idea is as practically imperceptible in
mass of verbiage as sugar and salt are in the
fluids from which they are obtained. Like
these the sermon should be boiled down
until it's essential quality is tangible, visi-
bic and of the greatest possible strength.
1t is mournful and enraging task to re-
duce any artistic work to its merest ele-
ments; but if preacher has not the rare
faculty of combining elegance and force
the important nature Of his work should
reconcile him to personal loss that the gain
of his hearers may be increased. 1t may be
possible that in rare cases the boiling down
process may be continued until nothing
whatever remains, but in such event the
fault is not of our advice. 1t is to be traced
directly to the utter worthlessness Of the
sermon as it originally stood