smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1875

and bad been Of that stamp. party
would not have been reduced 10 it, present STRATA Mr.
Phelps st youDg-not thirty six years odanc there


re few instances in history OF 10 young man, In
his first Congressional session. having acquired 30 wide


national repuia alton. His Rrpuhicau opponents ha We
not killed him OF. ana. he iives he viii yet make his
mark In our public Affairs"


The proposal to place the South directly un-
der the control OF the President by enscng such law
shall give him control OF all elections Is 90 astound-
ing that but the most serve are able to
bear IN silence The Boston Transcript Is able 70 stand
almost anything but this is too much for It, and 1t re-
moustrates IN this e country does not want TO
be put under pupage again. II very disrustul Of
the who wieds the executive force Of the Govern
meut and manifests fatal facility for turning his
dangerous counsel The President has his popu-
larty at the North from that Besides he jumps
from alternative to another directly opposite In
Southern matters with such readiness that the public
confidence in his judgment has been severely impaired
and doubts are becoming more common his nten-
tons 1t apparent from the tenor OF popular opinion
that the Administration las not the strength requisite
for carrying out an extreme policy at the present time
II its acts produce rebellion at the South the North will
not step forward 10 relieve IL from the consequences Of
its own discretion and misudgment The latter can be
relied upon TO sustain the General Government In al
proper for preserving the quiet OF Southern
communities and guaranteeing the rights OF all persons
therein 1t will do the least thing main ain the
reign OF corrupt carpetoaegery at the South while
frOwning down the schemes OF anarchists and revOn-
uoniss. Ii keenly watching every movement OF the
President and his intimate friends TO detect possible
remains Of the uDpardOnabie political heresy OF the
third term. The Southern Republicans consgn the
Republican party Of the Union 70 hopeless defeat by in
sIstiDg upon placing the elections In the several States
completely under the charge OF spendares OF the Gen
eral Government and stimulating the desire the Pres
dent may possess for second reelection"
Year: 1875

the loss OF the Pacific Mali Steamship compaDys steamer
japan, MIR. Hart first officer of vessel. sad, Spen
taneous combustion Of coal the cause OF the nre
To the best OF knowledge OF fresh coal were
taken in at Yokohama during the hours OF eoalng u
was raining heavily so the coal must have been wet
when taken Board" II said that ~ these coo tons
about 400 tons OF buminOus cea supposed
be liable TO Spontaneous combustion when wet
Year: 1875

ical mixture is very intimate, the parts being
evenly distributed, aud closely resembles the
curd made 10 the usual way.


The editor found about 1900 cheeses on
hand at the factory and, after free use of
the trier, was surprised at the quality dis.
closed. lie says There was plainly a
lack Of fancy flavor, but the way in which
the skim milk has been made to produce a
rich mellow cheese, with good flavor, is
wonderful. 1t is not quite right to judge
the cheese by the standard of fancy, because
if the material of which they are made (skim
milky were worked without enriching, the
result would have been exactly the reverse
of fancy. 1t is difficult to judge by the
standard of skim cheese, because there is
seldom a cheese which shows even trace Of
skimming. The curing seems to be delayed
longer than in full cream cheese, and the
greater age given, the more perfect seems to
be the Incorporation OF the oil and the
smoother and sweeter the body Of the prod
uct. The cheese at Mclean is above the
average of full cream cheese which we have
inspected this season, in marketable qualities.
The butter which is made Of the cream is a
strictly fine creamery article. 1t is made
according to the usual creamery practice.
The dairymeu in the vicinity have received
better returns for their milk the past summer
than ever before. Ten pounds Of milk is
called pound of cheese and, for every ten
pounds OF milk, the farmer receives within
two cents of the highest fancy price of cheese
as quoted in the New York market. The
business bids fair to be extended the coming
season.-Ne,o England Farmer.
Year: 1875

The effect of the stock on the scion should
be carefully noted by nurserymen. | think
many of our apples might be improved by
judicious breeding up" if the expression is
allowable. | am confident that the stock
has a marked effect on the grated fruit. l
believe one reason why California pears
maintain their original flavor better than
apples is owing to their frequent crossing
with the pungent ounce.


When boy, knew an apple tree called
the " Keep-forever." The fruit would keep
the year round, and was about as good to
eat as an India rubber ball This tree was
grated to- Porter apples, and when the gratis
bore fruit We we're surprised to find it much
improved in flavor and keeping qualities from
the tree the scions were taken from The
apple from the graft was easily recognized as
a Porter, but was superior specimen in all
respects. | would rather have scions from
that tree than from Porter grated on a
sweet stock, or on sour stock that natures
early.


am aware the nurseryman cannot let his
stock come to bearing before grating, but
think he can develop the tree the scions
are taken from, so it will do to show GUS
toner as a recommendation or assurance
that the fruit is properly crossed, A few
limbs of the Seeding could show the quali-
ty ofthe fruit and the habit ofgrOwth Of the
wood


1t would lend au additional charm to the
enterprise Of growing new orchard to set
part of it to seedlings, watching the style Of
growth and the quality OF the fruit, then
graft or bud according to the stock. Many
trees would need no changing but would,
particularly in the case Of peaches, bring
superior fruit from the seed Many a seed
ling is cut off and grated to a variety in-
ferior tn itself


California is peopled with men from all
parts of the world. If every man would send
to the land he left for few s,ons or cut.
tngs from the best trees and vines he knew
when boy, we should soon have our sunny
land stocked with the choicest productions a
the earth. have several things growing
sent by mail from the home of my boyhooC
that prize highly.-Cor. California Agri
cultriSt.
Year: 1875

Mr.. President, Ladies and Gentlemen
1t is with great deal Of pleasure that come
here from time to time to meet those of like
occupation with myself, and give our expe-
rience in farming. have received great
deal of benefit from these meetings, which
has tended to make farming more pleasant
for me. If l should ask why so many are
here to-day, | should receive the answer,
" For profit and pleasure" 1t is mans na-
ture to strive for happiness and live for some
purpose. We receive pleasure from the ex-
pectaton of good from agreeable society,
and to-day from the expectation Of seeing our
friends. Pleasure, bodily, mental, carual,
and spiritual, are combined in the life Of
man. Hope has great deal to do with our
happiness, Had man no hope how miserable
would he be From the time the decree went
forth that by the sweat of the brow man
shall eat his bread until the present, our race
has been seeking the easiest way. In pursuit
of this, man has sought out many an invention,
whereby to lessen the labor Of man.


1t is very certain that we are not all fitted
for the same association in life. Our tastes
desires, and inclinations are different so il
each could fud his proper place and work,
then we should all be better so far as happi-
ness aud prosperity are concerned, and the
machinery of society would move on with
less friction. Again, We do not enjoy the
same labor or pleasure, but as | have said
if we could know what We like best aud fol-
low it as a race, yes, as a world, we would
be more contented and happy. Now, then,
let us look at the pleasure Of the farmer.
We will follow him through the year, COM
mencing with spring Sugaring is his first
business, and if he is prepared it is nothing
but fun to make sugar | say prepared.
lie should have good sugar-house and a
plenty Of dry wood. Then let him invite in
his friends, and il they cannot have good
time they are to blame. OF course there il
hard work to be done, and work that il moi
so pleasant, yet take it as a whole it il
pleasant In haying he uses a moving ma.
chine and horse rake, so of course that is not
hard work. Then comes fall, or the time o
harvesting. Ii we have been dilgent in ouI
business through spring aud summer, We
Year: 1875

desired warmth and comfort, also ne desired
cooked food. By putting forth labor he
obtained wood fttod to accomplish his pur-
pose, and thus aifording him satisfaction.
This wood is thus an article Of utility. This
is, says Mill, =" its capacity to satisfy a de-
sire or serve purpose" The latter half Of
this definition of utility often has another
term applied to it. The capacity of an ar.
tice to serve purpose is just what is meant
by the unscienti6c expression intrinsic value.
But two expressions having the same mean
ing are useless in treating such u subject as
this. In fact, they are worse than useless,
because, if the words are different, they sug.
gest difference of the thoughts underlying
them and hence misled. For this reason
writers on this subject are agreed in using
the term utility here and banishiug any such
Specification from the word value. Thus we
must look farther if we wish to know what
to understand by the word value.


A certain amount of woed the woodseller
must have. Any amount beyond that has
no direct utility. Still he labors to procure
it. Another year he comes to me and offers
it to me in exchange for certain articles l
have. 1t might be picture, book, SCALE
or in fact anything in my possession. At
all events it is an article of utility to him,
it has capacity to satisfy desire or serve
purpose of his. The wood desire aud
we exchange. In this case | give him eight
dollars, national currency. This will serve
purpose Of his which wood will not-pay
taxes, for instance. This money, we may
say, had purchasing power of one cord Of
wood-or in other words the power to pur-
chase one cord of wood-while the wood had
the power to purchase eight dollars And
this purchasing po'oer is ralue. A common
expression is commercial value" The
writers on this subject are not wholly agreed
whether simply to call it :" or to call
it exchange value;' but with scarcely an
exception this is the only meaning with
which the word value is used in the works Of
such writer's.


Let US continue. Whatever have is the
fruit of labor, of service, and is my service
embodied in some forn. None the less is it
service for being embodied. Likewise with
the wood of the woodseler. What pay for
in that wood is the service rendered to me.
| might, perhaps, go to the forest myself and
get the wood there, but | can get it more
easily, or rather can get it by rendering
less service in return. Likewise with the
woodsellcr. This transaction, simple as i.
seems, is more complex than the case oi
changing works on neighboriug farms, but
at bottom the two are identical. Or we
may say, and truly say, all our exchange j:
Of service.


Thus we are led, of course, to the various
values or purchasing power of different kinds
of service, or of the same kind at different
times. This is mainly a question of supply
and demand, about which there is much loose
thinking. ID.


81. JOhRsb,uy
Year: 1875

now reap the reward of our labor in boun-


tiful harvest. Then the farmer puts in store
enough for himself and family, aud the sur
plus is sold to the merchant or men Of like
occupation. So you see that the farmer is
prepared for the long, cold winter, where he


eau sit by his Gresde aud improve his mind,
fitting himself for the next years labor. A
farmer should take one or two agricultural
papers and books, &C., to improve the leisure
hours in winter. In conclusion would say,
if we like farming we may live not only for
ourselves but for the good of all around Us.
Year: 1875

Perhaps it is not generally known that
for over fifteen years cranberry culture on
upland has been carried on on this island in
certain localities, with, in some cases, marked
success. fiud the main cause Of failure 10
every case is the fact that they have tried to
treat them the same as on low land This is
all wrong, as they must either be cultivated
or nourished with meadow hay, straw, or
leaves between the rows this is preferable
to eultivating; set them in rows three or
four feet apart, one foot apart in the row )
cut off the runners, the same as Strawberries


The advantage of upland cranberries is that
they grow very dark consequently certainly
Year: 1875

bring one.third more in market, Another
advantage is they get ripe before any pests
affect them, and if not allowed to put out
runners, but simply thicken up in the rows,
they can be raked at cost Of one tenth of
what it costs to pick them by hand. cam
not say how they would succeed in other To-.
critics, but | am very certain that as far as
Long Island is concerned there is no better
business Cor. ~ Y. Times
Year: 1875

The most delicate and delicious OF all the
cabbage family, is the cauliaower. 1t is
more delicate and tender than the cabbage,
and therefore requires more generous
treatment. 1t delights in a rich soil and
Year: 1875

The other day bought a cord of wood.
Let us examine this not unusual busi-
ness transaction aud see some Of the
principles underlyiugit. The man of whom
buy wood produced it upon his farm. He
Year: 1875

| wish to learn all | can through the
FARMER in regard to cranberry culture, the
kind of soil necessary to ensure success, cost
of sets per acre, aud in fact all modern
methods. SUBSCRIBER.


We hope our friends who know anything
of cranberry culture will write it out for the
FARMER. Many others will be as well pleased
to read practical articles on this subject as
"Subscriber."
Year: 1875

linc-looking young COW Of neighbor IN the
fall, and she appeared all right until she
came TO the barn for winter, and came to cat
hay. noticed she drooled and slobbered,
and ate but very little. Upon examination
found that the meaty substance or fringe
inside of the cheek next to the grinders was
so long that the COW chowed it in grinding
her food and it had become sore and nl FAM
ed, and was satisfied that was the trouble
with her. AS | had paid a round price for
her | called on my neignbor TO take her
back, which he did, and proceeded to RENE
dy the trouble by prying open her mouth and
clipping of the fringe with n pair of shears,
which helped her for spell, but she was
next to worthless the next summer and
finally died. This may be the case with
-Sn5scriber's" cow, or may not. You can.
easily find out by examination.


e.. ii. CRANDALI.


H.,
Year: 1875

laws in Los Angeles the fate of the
slothful and the uncleanly will be
ours. If We rely upon the healthful-
ness of our climate, and take no steps
to prevent the accumulation of filth,
disease will soon make its appearance
and pestilence stalk through our
streets. Slowly will the curse accu-
mulate, and the wisest may not sus-
pectits presence till the final hour
when the chariot of death is heard rat.
tling over our thoroughfares, and too
late will we have discovered our error.
Los Angeles is growing rapidly. Al
ready $1,000 to 10000 inhabitants are
crowded together in the area formerly
occupied by one fifth their number.
1t is manifest the sanitary regulations
which afford ample security but a few
years ago are inadequate now. On all
sides are evidences of uncleanliness,
and the foul odors which greet the
nostril here and there, indicate the
presence of disease germs. Let our


officials bestow some attention to this
subject, and see that the sanitary of.
ficers are not remiss in the duty of en-


forcing the ordinances for the preser-
vation Of the health of the community.
Year: 1875

In former edition we elucidated a
theory explaining the absence of rain
on this coast in the summer, and ac-
counting for the delightful tempera-
ture which makes life so enchanting.
Coupled with the climate, however,
are severe conditions. The dryness
ofthe land which renders it so healthy
imposes the labor Of irrigation, and
urges all the ingenuity Of a highly in
telligent people to the development of
additional water facilities. But the
land which is brought under cultiva-
tion will last forever. We have at our
doors a mass of the finest fertillzing
material that the labor Of the whole
human race could not produce in a
million years. II our mountain sides
have decayed and filled the valleys
with a porous soil that must forever
prevent rain by retarding solar evapo-
ration, they will for countless ages
keep furnishing fresh material to en-
rich the plain. As each block of gran
ite decays, and rolls down the noun
tain side the inhabitants below get a
ton of fertilizing material more per-
feet than science could manufacture.
Not until the last rock is gone will the
land begin to become sterile. The
gold they have scattered over the
plain sinks into insignificance when
we consider the agricultural wealth of
even an unimportant range. The San
Gabriel mountains will yield to pos
terity corn and wine and oil OF great
er value than all the gold ever COL
lected in California. In every cubic
mile of them there is the material to
grow millions of tons of wine. While
other countries see their soil washing
from the barren clay, and sterllity is
slowly sapping the strength of the ma
ton, while millions of human beings
mourn because they have no spot of
earth to bequeath to their children
that will return reward for labor, the
sentinels of everlasting prosperity
range themselves in serried ranks
along these shores to guard our happi-
ness for untold ages. AS long as they
send their gushing waters and hurl
down their huge bones to enrich the
plain plenty will crown the labors of
the husbandman and boundless pros.
perity shower blessings upon the
dwellers by this Western sea.
Year: 1875

We like to see fight in which we
take the same interest that the woman
did who witnessed the struggle between
her husband and the bear-don't care
which wins-and we are just now
watching such a contest. His Honor,
the Mayor, is one of the combatants
and the City Council the other. For
some time past the Council has fallen
into the habit of meeting and adj ourn-
ing without transacting any business,
and the people are wondering thereat.
Here is the secret: The Mayor has
prepared and has ready for delivery a
veto of the ordinance locating the de-
pot of the Los Angeles and Indepen-
dence railroad on San Pedro street.


Now it is known that the requisite
eight-two thirds of the Councilmen-
are ready to pass the ordinance over
the veto, but owing to the absence
from the city of one of the eight, ad-
journments are in order until he re-
turns. We take no stock In this strug-


gle nor do we care to the value of one
cent where the depotis located so long
as point near the business center OF
the city is selected. We however
hold that the Mayor has right to ex-
ercise his preogative and knowing the
man we will stake q small sum of
money that he does exercise it if the
Council ever holds session. The
Mayor has our sympathy, not that we
are prepared to say that he is either
right or wrong in his views as to the
location of the depot, but because un-
der the law he has right to veto this
ordinance and we are in favor of every
man enjoying his rights and privileg-
es, even to the extent of cutting off
his nose to spite his face. The inside
history of this depot location business
is rather amusing to one who does not
own hill lots and Is not concerned in
the bonded property down on San Pc
dro street. We take 1t for granted
that both the railroad managers and
the members of the Council are the
Year: 1875

LIE euJoymenC OI lie IS so largely
dependent upon physical health that
the average man Is always in search
ofa locality where disease does not
lurk. The healthfulness ofa country
therefore is one of the first considera-


tions of those who are about to choose
a new abode. In no quarter of the
world does man find all the conditions
of perfect health in conjunction as up
on this coast. The pure air of the vast
ocean watts no poisonous exhalations
on its wings; no miasmas from swarm


ing cities, decaying forests or reeking
morasses fly upon the breeze. The
porous soil of the coast with its per-
feet drainage can breed no pestilence.
But with man comes the elements of
disease. Each vineyard and orchard
detracts from the hygienic condition
of the country. Each town and city
accumulates filth that poisens the air.
The human race collectively is less
inclined to protection against disease
than the lower orders of animals. In
fact, it is only in very modern times
that science has taken steps towards
protecting the health of cities. Hy-
gienic laws are but imperfectly
understood at the present day, even
in enlightened countries. The fright
full mortility of cities indicates the
carelessness of government and the
disregard of human life. The law at
tempts to protect the body of man
from the dagger of the assassin and
bullet Of the enemy, but little effort
is made to ward off the attacks of dis
ease, and the mournful procession
winds toward the graveyard from
morning till night bearing the VIC
Tins of carelessness and misgovern-
ment. Pestilence walks through the
city Staying by night and by day, till
the living are unable to bury the dead.
The air loaded with poison accom-





and wide spread than war.


The origin of that dread enemy of
the human race that marches silently
around the world laying millions in
the tomb and paling the horrors OF
war before its irresistible and fearful
onslaught, disolating hill and valley,
Staying upon the sea and upon the
land, dealing death to all classes and
to all nations with dreadful impartial
ity, shrouding whole continents in
gloom-the Asiatic cholera-is now
known to originate from utter care
lessness. The ipeople of India assem-
BILE In vast bodies at their annual feasts
From whole provinces the natives
flock into small towns to perform re-
ligious rites. They are crowded to.
gether In i'll ventilated rooms and
provided with foul food. Their filth
s scattered over the earth. Soon the
cholera breaks out, and the vast as
'embly scatter and carry with them
,he pestilence, and 1t commences its
ireadful march. The bodies of the
lead add intensity to the poison of
he atmosphere, and the whole earth
8 made to mourn for the folly of these
gnorant worshipers.


II we have no regard for hygienic
Year: 1875

victims Of a ring who have bought
and bonded a great deal of property
in the vicinity of the contemplated
site of the depot. We are inclined to
the opinion that certain parties imag-
ined there were millions in the loca-
tion of this depot and after getting the
notion in their heads they went for
1t. After this depot question is set
tied we shall probably give the secret
history of how the thing was done and
show to what extent desire to serve
the people entered into the transac.
ton.
Year: 1875

THE suit now progressing between
the Common Council and the Board of
Education in this city is by agreement
and Is intended to determine upon
which of the two bodies devolves the
right and responsibility Of levying and
collecting taxes for school purpose and
also to prepare the way for such legis-
lation, If any, as may be required.
Year: 1875

In Ohio the result of the California
election is regarded as a hard money
endorsement and the Democratic can
didates o. that State who are before
the people on currency basis are tax
Ing their ingenuity for excuses to re-
pudiate their own platform. The best
way to do q thing is to do it in q
straight forward, manly way.
Year: 1875

The guaranteed fund of the Bank of
California now foots up seven and
half million dollars and we are assured
that the bank will resume business on
a basis which insures its stability, on
the first Of October. This is gratify-
ing news to the people of the entire
Pacific coast.