smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1878

W. SSSNS - 81 CCWOOtV CCC


VARIETY.


Ihls is persistent character of the
plant and fruit. 1t originates in the
generative act, which in Towering
plants takes place at the beginning
OF the formation of seed, and is al.
ways participated in by two individ-
uals. On the contrary, growth, by
which size is increased, the parts
multiplied and individual buds re-
produced, is the exclusive action of
one individual.


The process of growth is very sim
pie and essentially the same in all or
ganic being, whether plant or animal.
A sac, or cell, containing fluid, is the
primary structural element of every
organism. At first this cell is a
spherical bag, plant, and capable of
assuming any form, and ultimately
may assume any degree Of hardness
or solidity. When young and plas-
tic this organic cell multiplies itself
by one of three methods, viz:


1st. BY forming within its con-
tanned fluid brood Of small cells,
which are set at liberty by the burst
ing of the original sac when each
individual cell of this new brood in
creases it's size by absorption of the
proper nutritious elements through
it's own outer covering, and thus be-
comes similar to the original parent
cell.


I'd. The opposite sides of the bag
or cell covering commence and con.
tinue to shrink and fold inwards un-
til thew meet and unite, forming two
sometimes four.


Sd. A swelling outward from some
part of the surface commences an6
gradually continues to grow, and fin
ally cutting off part of the fluid O
the original, becomes detached and
then as in the former cases grows tc
be an individual similar to the parent
cell.


Bear in mind that each cell formed
in either of these three ways IS th
s,-oO,sct of one 5,adiv;dat0L cell eccL,tS
SveW. 1t is capable of reproduction
by itself alone, it may assume any
form required and take its place sid
bv side with other cells to build VI
the tissue and structural parts Of th'
organic being in which it is produced
It then becomes to that being wha
the brick is to the edifce, viz: Th'
SIMPLEST elemental part of the struc
ture. The single cell produced ii
this way may also become the initia
structure of a new individual bud
which it builds up to maturity by tn
multiplication of itself as above de
scribed, each newly produced cell be
coming an elemental part of that in
dividual bud.


A cell produced as above may als'
become one of the parents of new
Year: 1878




ing itself with another cell of SINH
lar origin though different in some
respects. But this union oftwo cells
In the formation of third cell is the
essential action Of generation proper
and will be referred to hereafter. We
must hrst show why in it's future
growth the bud or scion always re-
talns the character of its parental tree
and does not in any degree partici-
pate In the character of the stock in
to which it is grated. When new
individual is produced, by the union
OF two parental cells, it is itself, at
first. but a single cell which after
wards grows and multiplies its parts
by its own exclusive action through
the successive reproduction of other
cells. This reproduction ofnew cells
always taking place in one ofthe three
ways heretofore described, is the
mode of organic growth common to
plants and animals. The cells as
they are successively produced, az
range themselves side by side with
the original cell and with each other
and assume such forms and qualities
as may be required to build up the
structure of the individual being, as
above stated. When bud is to be
formed, some one Of these cells de-
rived from the original cell of the in
dividual and without the generative
union OF any other cells, becomes She
s+o,.+;.,<s ..>s;ss4. 80 -s4sl,s's-1. .s.ss
itself, builds up its struct-
ure by using its own eaccIetsice off
spring as elementary parts Of that
When in the generative |
act two individual cells unite their
elements in the production of third
cell they communicate to that third
cell such elemants as may give it a
new variety character This variety
character is then communicated en-
tire and unmixed to all the future off
spring of that individual cell in all
its subsequent processes of growth.
Each and every bud of the same tree
is essentially an individual plant, in
itself; and being the exclusive off
spring of the original cell Of the tree
on which it grows, must have the
same variety character as every other
bud of the tree and as that which
was produced at the beginning of the
individual life, of the tree itself.


Now when bud is grated into a
foreign stock it grows in the same
manner that it would have grown
had it remained attached to its pa
rent stem .. e. the whole and every
part of its subsequent growth of buds
leaves and blossoms is the product of
the original bud.


The process of growth is the sue
cessive reproduction of new cells
from or by existing cells primarily
from those in the original bud formed
while that bud was attached to its
parent stem. And in this process of
growth the stock in which it is graft
ed has no part whatever except to
furnish nutriment from its roots in
the form of sap. This sap furnished
by the budded stock is only food
gathered up from the soil and given
to the inserted bad in a convenient
form for its use. 1t may be gath
cred up directly from the soil, by
the bud for itself, when the bud,
capable of putting out roots is set
in the soil, instead of being grated
into another stock, which has roots
already formed. 1t is easy to see
how the young nistletoe contained
in sticky berry which adheres to
Year: 1878

'ne lnlp OF an OAK, untH by growing


that mistletoe gratis itself into the


oak, draws food from the sap of the


oak and yet does not acquire any ot


the character or qualities Of the oak


The stock simply furnishes food fol


the ingrafted plant to work up into


cells of growth according TO it's own


peculiar nature. This food whether


coming through the roots and stem


OF one tree or another, has mo more


to do with the structural character


of the imbudded plant, than the food


OF an animal has to do with its pc


ouliar structural character whether


given by one man or another, OF
whether gathered up by the animal
itself. Of course better supply
and better quality of food modifies
the condition of the individual but


does not change its variety character.
Among plants, generation is the
entire product Of a single generative
act. 1t includes the entire growth,
whether in the formation Of bud,
leaf, blossom, stem or root, begun
and continued, by the reproduction
of cells, all of which are the exclu.
sive offspring, or descendants, of one
original cell produced by the union
OF the two parent cells in the gener-
atlve act proper. And it makes no
difference whether any individual
bud of generation remain attach ed
or be grated into another stem or
IS well as branches for EstSf% 1t,
with all its subsequent offspring,
down to the time when the genera
tive act is repeated. must be the er-
clusive product of that one original
parent cell produced by the former
act. We can readily see
that, if bag Of fluid be divided in
to two parts, each part may contain
precisely the same elements as did
the whole bag, and cannot contain
any other elements. If we suppose
each Of the two parts to grow in the
same manner by absorption of SINH
lar fluids, until they attain the size
of the original, they will each retain
the same character as that original,
and neither can have acquired any
other character For thing cannot
convey to another what it does not
possess, or acquire something from
nothing. Continue now this process
of subdivision and growth and we
have precisely what takes place in the
entire growth of all parts and indi


viduals of generation of plants
consequently every successive bud o1
a generation, wherever and how


ever it grows andsto whatsoever ex
tent it be removed from the first bud
produced, after the primal generative
act, must, in all its permanent quail.
ties or structural character. be the
same as that original bud. By "per
manent qualities" or structural,
character" we mean to include those
qualities which characterize varieties
and species and we exclude those ev
er varying qualities, such as time O
commencing to bear fruit, soundnesl
and quantity of fruit which vary will
soils, climates seasons and culture anC
we also exclude those fluctuatine
qualities often seen in the form
of stem and leaf. and sometimes il
the fruit. These fuctuating qualities
are easily distinguished from tn,
more permanent variety characters
They may be traced to changes o
condition while variety character


are permanently established in tn,
generative act, by the commingling
of different elements of the two pa
Year: 1878

An English writer, lately visiting our
country, writes: can conceive of nothing
more dreary than to live in the country
and have no garden. To have no garden
is to take the poetry and nearly all the
charms away from country life. To have
garden is to have many friends continually
near.


| have little faith in American women
becoming farmers-holding the plough,
welding the spade or the shovel, but do
know that all the rest of the work can be
accomplished by women, if they possess a
love for the beautiful. There lies the
trouble-few of our children are taught to
garden. If they possess a natural taste for
the pursuit, sometimes it is gratified, but
not always.


The first thing necessary after well pre-
pairing the soil, is to purchase garden tools,
q small set, comprising rake and hoe on
one handle; trowl and spade are very
essential. With their aid much can be
accomplished.


A watering pot with large nozzle, and a
fine sprinkler is also required. With these
implements every woman can be her own
gardener, and not only raise all the flowers
she may require, but also contribute large
share of the vegetables that are always vel
coined at the table during both summer
and winter.


Every morning dig one or two beds
according to the size, and continue the
work until all are cleared up. Then COM
mence again, and this prevents the soil
from becoming baked, and let's the air and
moisture enter the earth and nourish the
tender roots. The next thing is the selec-
ton Of seeds, which is very important
matter, and on the wisdom of the choice
success or failure may depend.


Those who have had little experience
should invest cautiously and in the more
hardy and popular kinds, such as asters
balsams, stocks, petunias, znnias, &c, with
a few of a more tender kind just for trial
N. T. Observer.
Year: 1878

The experience of the best farmers
advantage of growing root crops in a system
of high or advanced farming in which
either stock or dairy products are pro-
duced for the market. In country where
grain is so cheaply produced as it is in this
country, there is not the same necessity for
the production of roots as in the more popu-
lous countries; buteven here and especially
in the New England and Middle States
they are a profitable product for any
stock or dairy farm. Corn meal may be
cheaper as fat producing product, and
wheat and wheat bran as a butter and
cream producing feed, but both are aided
in their special function by supply of
clean, juicy and wholesome roots; which
tend to keep up the appetite and health of
the animal and promote fuller and freer
circulation of blood and consequently secre-
ton of milk and cream as well. 1t is per-
haps more as health promoter and blood
purifier that the use.Qf roots as stock feed
are to be commended rhn upon any other
ground; though they do contain large
amount of nutriment as well as fat prOduc-
ing qualities. Of all, we believe the carrot
to be the best, the sugar beet second, and
the turnips third. Because of the larger
products that can be obtained from the
sugar beet, these are considered the most
economical roots to grow and are now
generally recommended as preferable to all
others. We prefer still to grow some car
rots though our main crop of roots is beets


-Peninsular Ne,0s.
Year: 1878

Late potatoes may be safely planted in
this climate so late as July lst. They
generally do better planted at this time
than earlier, because they require colder
climate than ours, and when planted late
they mature in the cold nights of Autumn
instead of in the hot ones of Summer. If
the Autumn is not too dry they always do
best planted late. One trouble which we
frequently have in late planting is in the
bad termination of the seed. This may be
remedied by bedding the seed as we do
sweet potatoes and taking up the sprouts
and transplanting them. By this method
we can assure a good stand, and bushel
of seed thu 'ras.od will plant twice as
much cr. bed them, split them
open the long way and lay them in the bed
fat side down and cover with four inche:
of moist earth. They will sprout rapidly
and may be transplanted after shower o.
when the earth is wet-B.
Year: 1878

Several correspondents write to announce
the complete extirpation Of rats and mice
from the cow-stalls and piggeries since the
adoption of this simple plan; A mixture of
two parts of well-bruised common squills
and three parts of well chopped bacon is
made into stiff mass, with as much meal
as may be required, and then baked into
small cakes, which are put down for the
rats TO eat.-Enqlish Standard.
Year: 1878

Harrow the young corn deeply, close to
the plant, and be sure to get the soil we'll
and deeply pulverized while the plants are
young and before the roots spread too
widely. The ground must be pulverized
and the grass all cleaned out while the corn
is young, or it is impossible to get a full
crop. When the plants get to be foot
high harrow only every alternate row so
that the roots of the plant will not be cut
off on both sides at the same time. If you
harrow both sides Of the row at the same
time, after the corn is so large it will stun
the growth. The three first harrowings
make the crop, and if these are not done
well it will be too late to remedy the evil.
Work quickly and thoroughly while the corn
is young.
Year: 1878

A HOME MADE TELErmoNE.-An eX-
change gives the following receipt for
making telephone, which may afford
much pleasure and amusement TO our
youthful readers, as well as older per-
sons Considering that the materials
necessary to make the instrument are
within reach of all, il is worth while
trying to experiment:


/ noticed cheap receipt for making
a cheap telephone, given by Professor
Barrett in a recent lecture on that in
strument. In making his instrument
you use bar magnet and have TO go to
considerable trouble, for all of which
you can only talk distance Of about a
hundred yards Now | can give n
receipt much more simple, aud when the
instrument is finished you can converse
at n distance Of nearly five hundred
yards. Take two half gallon (or qnarD
tin fruit cans and take the bottoms ont
of them. Now take couple OF half
cigar boxes, tack down the lids ard cut
a hole through the bottom and lid Of
each, so you can fit in your cans, first
bringing the ends level with the lid or
bottom. Now stretch wet rawhide,
parchment or bladder over the other
end and tie tight, and your speaking
tubes are finished. Now take two ply
Of shoe thread and wax it well, making
it as long as you wish it. Punch holo
in the centre Of the parchment head,
poke the end Of the string through aud
put knot on it to keep it from pulling
back. Then put up your string like a
telegraph wire, but don't let it touch
wood Where you wish TO support it
or make turn, unite through loop of
the same kind of string it il, but don't
put the supporting loops closer together
than is necessary to keep it up, and
leave the string pretty losse 10 allow
for contraction when wet. Fasten up
your speaking tubes at each end Of tho
route, and you are ready TO gable away.
You can bore large gimlet holes in your
window sash 10 run the line out through,
keeping it from touching the sash with
a loop as described. The signal call is
to drum on the parchment end OF The
can with your fingers, or better pick the
string like harp about loot from tho
head. They are very useful and inter
estIDg.
Year: 1878

Buffoonery is the corruption of wit,
as knavery of wisdom.


Better suffer without cause, than TO
have cause for suffering.


Better face danger at once than be
always in fear.


BY learning to obey you will know
how 10 command.


Be mindful of things past and provi-
dent Of things 10 come.


BY the approval OF evil, you become
guilty to it.


Be circumspect and cautious in what
ever you undertake.


Begin nothing until you have consid-
cred how it is to he finished.


Beauty without honesty is like poison
kept in box Of gold.


Be cautious Of believing i'll, but more
cautious Of reporting it.


Beauty is the flower, but virtue is the
fruit of life.


BY entertaining good thoughts, you
will keep out evil ones.


Candor and open dealing are the hon
or OF mans nature.


Consult not with fool, for he can
neither give nor keep counsel.


Cherish thy friend, and temperateIy
admonish thine enemy.


Combat vice in its first attacks, and
you will come of conqueror.


Comprehend not few things in many
words, but many things in few words.
Counsel and wisdom achieve more
aud greater exploits than force.


Civil war is a deluge that levels alike
the cottage and the palace.


Consent to common custom, but moi
to common folly.


Condemn not poor acquaintances, mol
fatter rich friends.


Coutentment is to the mind as light
to the eye.


Conveuiences have their inconvenien-
ces, and comforts their crosses.


Consecrate to God the first fruits OF
your daily thoughts.


Carefully study nature, and look
through nature up to natures God.


Civility is kind of charm that at,
tracts the love of all men.


Charity is friendship in common, and
friendship is charity endorsed.


Carnal sins proceed from fulness OF
food and emptiness of employment.
CLeerfulness is perfectly consistent
with pity.


Chide not severely, nor punish has
tily.


Clemency is the brightest jewel in a
crown.


Command your temper, lest it COM
mand you.
Year: 1878

THE WEBER PIANO.


A COMPLETE TRIUMPH AT THE
CENTENNIAL EXHIBITION! The
Weber Pianos received the highest award
at the Centennial Exposition. Beware of
other manufacturers claiming Centennial
award, as it is false. The Weber Piano
has also the best references of any piano
in the world. Send for a catalogue con-
tanning account of factory prices, and the
Judges report at the Centennial, dc.
Year: 1878

THE Board of Supervisors of each county will meet next Monday to can vass the votes cast at the late election This extremely important duty Is one that should be attended with the great est caution and each canvasser sEould be as unprejudiced and impartial as d Judge on the bench. To throw out |. single vote without its being thorough ly established by detailed investigation that it was illegally cast, is an outrage upon some citizens, that if continul d would upset this government. The people al large by their ballots decide who they desire to have as their off cers, and for a member of the Board of Supervisors, mere agent or servant of the people to overthrow their de- cision is something that should not and will not be tolerated. There has been more or less talk about town during the past two or three days con- corning what would happen when the canvassing commenced, which We look upon as absurd. If there has been q vote cast or hundred or five hundred, that should not have been, the ballot box should be purged of the corrupt ing and poisonous ticket, but not un. til after it has been proved fraudulent. To talk of throwing out the vote of an entire precinct, such for instance as Tucson where 551 votes were cast, be. cause some few were not legal, is non- sense, and he were a brave man indeed who would attempt such an arbitrary and revolutionary measure.
Year: 1878

IF parties coming to this city will per sist in falling into the numerous dens and find after purchasing. that they are swindled, it is their own fault. Take the little trouble to see Uncle Harris name painted on the window of his store. Go first and see him, get his guarantee (writ tenf, and you will find that you have bought any article for half store prices. Remember the number, 22I Kearney street, between Bush and Sutter.
Year: 1878

A NUMBER of our young men have just organized dramatic club and will at once set about preparing for pubic enler- tainments. They hope to make their first appearance in about a month, and will also have grand performance arranged for holidays. We have abundant local talent for a good club and there Is no req son why the organization should not be a success. There Is great dearth of amusements in Tucson, and we are sure that when the performers are ready they will ind no lack Of public patronage.
Year: 1878

THERE Is considerable talk of having A grand baby show In Tucson before long. Two apparently insuperable objections present themselves however. First. there is no place within the city limits large for such purpose except the military plaza, and just now the nights there are little cold. Second. every man at all versed in the subject matter, would be So directly interested in the result that he could not possibly form an unbiased opinion, and therefore foreign judges would have to be introduced, which would be unsatisfactory.

 ''Its all in the climate.r
Year: 1878

heierrlng to the near approach of the time hEed for the convening of the gentlemen asked to meet in Prescott to select legisla- tive tcket, We would urge not only on the gentlemen who will probably meet in ac- cordancc with the call above referred to, as well as ali others who have the interest ana welfare of Iavapai at heart, to throw aside all selfish and personal telling, and to do all III their power to secure harmony and good feeling; and to make the selection of ticket that will harmonizc all classes of the people, and at the same time, to se feet men of known ability and honesty. that will fairly represent all portions of Iavapai County
Year: 1878

The eager haste with which the family Of
Capt. JACOB +. Holm Of Maiden. Mass. have
taken steps to seize the old mans property goes
to indicate that their motives in shutting him
up in a private insane hospital were not purely
disintercsted. A writ Of haboas oorpus has
been applied for by the friends OF Capt HOLM.
and tho wife aud son will bo called upon to
explain why they have deprived tho husband
and father of his liberty The Captain Is said
to be behaving very auioty in the asylum.
though little excitement under the circum-
stances would hardly be considered evidence
OF lunnlY.
Year: 1878




One of the Thousand and one trag-
ic incidents Of the great plague hap
pened at Holly Springs a few days
since. A beautiful young lady OF
New Orleans was forced by her faith
er to marry an old man she could
not love. Preferring death to slave
ry, the young lady ran away and
gave her services as nurse to the fe
ver-stricken at Holly Springs. AZ
ter few days of devotion to the
sick she was herself stricken. There
was a male nurse for her. There
was no female hand to soothe with
its gentle touch the feYored brow.
But the noble Ridley was there to
perform the last sal office to the
dying girl. Toward the last she
said to him: Kiss me- AS Rid
die kissed her on the cheek, she ex-
claimed: kiss my lips" which he
did. She then said: "You are the
only man 1 ever kissed; kiss me
again" While Riddle was iD the
act Of kissing her she thew her arms
tightly around his neck, and instant t.
ly expired. God bless the brave
hearts.
Year: 1878

the Revolution until the advent OF
the Republican party into power.
And the secret OF the unexampled
prosperity Of the country lay simply
in the correct and just system of
management of the ..country's fnan
ces.


now proceed to examine the rec
ord of the Republican party from
1861 to the present. And how has it
managed the finances of the nation?
L have shown that the public debt
under the last Democratic admins
tration was about $64, 100000. Since
then we have had Republican ad min
istrations continuously, and assum-
ing that the vast expenditures Great
ed by the war were just and neces-
sary, we will present statement of
the public debt since the accession of
the Republican party to power. re-
membering, as we go along, that the
war virtually closed the last of the
year 1864. The debt at that period
will be marked with an asterisk: