smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1866

Milk when it is first drawn from the COW is slightly alkaine-its other properties are familiar. It looses this alkaline property after standing few hours it is due to small quantity of soda which is always present Upon standing several hours in shallow dishes cream rises, which if skinned of thoroughly |, aHd the operation repeated two or three times, will remove all oily particles of the milk. If now the milk be warmed, upon the addi- ton of rennet, curd will begin to separate. This, after it has had time to solidify some- what, may be thoroughly removed by strain. ing. The fluid winch remains is not entirely free from curd {; if it be heated gently to boil ing, another portion will seperate from it which was unaffected by the rennet.

 The whey thus prepared contains very little besides mik-sugar in solution. All the curdy substances are not removed and little butter or oily globules still remain, but so pure is it that if it be set aside in warm place few days it will deposit crystals of milk-sugar. If the whey is boiled down or evaporated rapidly, a powlery mass is obtained which is indeed sugar, but by no means as pure as when it crystalizes out from the whey.

 The cream does not consist of pure butter which is oil. but as the oil rises it brings with l it portions of the cheesy matter or cnrd and of the whey, containing sugar also. The butter in purer state is obtained by melting and then carefully straining it, or decanting the | clear oil.

 This, again, is not simple substance, but consists ot solid fat called margarine, and fluid one, oleine, and besides, small quantities of peculiar fat called butyrine. When milk is left standing exposed 10 he air. as already said. it's alkaline property soon disappears, and from this cause the sugar is gradually converted iuto tactic acid by the OK ygen of air this acid combines with the soda as fast as it is formed and so the latter no 1 longer manifests itselc. This same operation, the formation of tactic acid goes on after the alkali has disappeared, though at first more slowly, and after while another effect is ob served. A slight elevation of temperature will cause the milk to curdle, and after while as we all know it will curdle at ordinary tenn peratures. All common acids will produce n similar effect, as may be easily proved by ex- pertinent

 When sour milk not yet fairly curdled, in a bottle or similar vessel, is exposed to tenn perature of about 80 or 90o Fahr., the sugar is converted first into grape sugar and then this is decomposed into alcohol and carbonc acid, This last passes off the same as gas does from working beer or cider. In this op- eraion there is formed certain volatile oils which give the fluid and the alcoholic liquor which is distilled from it a disagreeable flavor to us. but do not prevent it's being favorite beverage among the Tartars who make it from mares and asses milk.
Year: 1866

The dairy must, unquestionably, stand in the frst rank as source of profit to the farmer. and upon which the profit of other farming op- erations, las conducted in this state), must in great measure, depend, and that it may be made still greater source of profit than it is at present, by most farmers can, think, be satisfactorily proved.

 For instance, suppose farm capable of pasturing twenty COWS with other necessary stock, with the common course of management the milk from the COWS will make cheese, the weight of which will not exceed forty five pounds, now the COWS in most instances are not what they might, or should be. To make farming protitdble every COW should be good one, producing not less than twenty quarts of milk in day most COWS in yard of twenty fall short of this, ranging from eight to fifteen quarts, which at glance, may be seen to be poor economy, the cost of keeping is the same in both cases the quantity of milk of the good COW twice that of poor one, the difference in the price about one-third.

 After good yard of COWS has been obtain ed, the next thing to look after is the acay Mey are nsi2ked. There is not hing on farm need ing more care and attention than this, yet 1t is oftel done in a loose, careless manner. by faithless help, young, needless, or unpi acticed hands that cannot milk with sufficient dispatch but when we pass yard in hot summers evening and hear the sharp "soh' from the mlker, tired, perhaps, with hard days work, and longing to repose his wearied limbs, we cannot wonder that irresponsible helD should not give that attention to the business of oth- CTS, which the o,cners tkemselves do Dot give to their own.

 Then to make the diary more profitable than it now is, I would propose certain rules

 1st Let every COW be Q good one.

 2d. If possible obtain deep milkeis.

 3d. Have stated time for milking and plenty of it.

 4th. Let every farmer himself see that his milking is well done, or obtain some faithful responsible hand to do his business for him

 Attention to these things, and such as these constitutes profitable farming, and the farmer who does not give it will be heard to say"h can make nothing by farming. .'-P 'n Home stead.
Year: 1866

The Rochester (N. " Democrat says:


Last Wednesday evening a fair was held
for some purpose at the large hall of Ben
netts Block, and matters were progressing
quite pleasantly, when the ladies and gen.
tlemen present were startled by the appear
ance in their midst of wild looking figure,
simply and airly attired in a cotton shirt,
and holding in one of its hands lighted
candle. This terrific apparition advanced
with the most determined gravity of aspect
and halting in the centre of the floor in
quired in a sepulchral voice: whats
agoin' on here% The question dispelled
the paralysis Of awe which the specter had
at first inspired. A modest CONSERVATION
began to pervade the feminine portion of
the company, who could not fail to perceive
that the single garment worn by the in
truder was of remarkably brief proportions; !;
while feeling Of wrathful indignation took
possession of the sterner sex The fellow
was seized and incontinently hustled out of
the hall, despite his querulous remonstrances,
and on investigating the circumstances it
was discovered that he was a tipsy tailor on
the verge Of delirium tremens, who occupied
a room on the floor below, and whose slum-
bers had been disturbed by the festivities.
He was properly taken care of.
Year: 1866

The Internal Revenue Commissioner has
decided that a stamp must be affixed to
ercJy name attached to subscription pa
pers, unless the signing is accompanied
by the immediate payment of the amount
subscribed. If payment is made at once
the signature is regarded merely as a mem
orandum.


The amount Of stamps depends upon the
nature Of the subscription. If it be simply
a promise TO pay the amount named, the
stamp must be the same as required on a
promisSory note, namely, five cents for every
hundred dollars or fractional part thereof:
but if there be a condition precedent to be
performed ..by the person interested in OBJ
tanning the subscription, as, for instance, the
delivery of 4 book, then the transaction is
in the nature Of an agreement, and is sub
ject to duty Of FIVE cents.
Year: 1866

MGySEsoTA AND WISCONSIN SPEAK.-A dispatch
dated Chicago March 1st, says the Minnesota
Legislature adopted a resolution by strict party
vote that it is to Congress that the people look
for reconstruction policy, and we rely upon its
firmness and wisdom in the present exgency of
public affairs. Resolutions sustaining the Pres
ident were tabled by party vote. Both branch
es of the Legislature adjourned to-day.


The Wisconsin Legislature adopted the follow
ing:


Re,olped, That we cordially indorse and approve
the action of Senators and Representatives in
Congress who have persistently asserted the
right of Congress to determine for itself, when,
and in what manner, it will admit representatives
from States disorganized by the rebellion,
and earnestly request them to firmly resist the
admission of representatives from such States
until peace is fully secured and until the people
of each State have positively guaranteed equal
and exact justice to all men within her borders.
Year: 1866

BAD PREcEDENT.-The old Telegraph Compa-
ny has commenced suit against the new one to
enjoin it from telegraphing in California, on the
ground that the old Company has the exclusive
right to send telegraphic dispatches through this
State. If the principle is a correct one give but
enc Company the exclusive right to navigate the
Sacramento another the sole privilege of carry
ing passengers by stage over any specified route,
and some particular denomination charter to
preach the Gospel of Christ in this State.
Year: 1866

GENERAL BIDwELL ON REcoNsrRUcTIoN The
Solano Press of February 9th, publishes let
ter written by Hon. John Bidwell, January 29th,
TO Geo. A. Gillespie, Esq, of Suisun, by permis-
sion of that gentleman. Not many days since q
prominent Democrat of this county endeavored
to convince US that General Bidwell would sus-
tain the Presidents policy, but we were en-
tirely satisfied to the contrary then as now
1t is matter of qualification to US that this ex-
preston of sentiment on the part of our Con-
gresham has been made public. No representa-
tive of California ever occupied higher position
in the hearts of his constituents, and this letter.
written at time when there occasion for
undue excitement, will do away with further op-
portunity for Misrepresentation on the part of
political enemies


II The President is not, I fear, in harmony with
Congress. We try to claim that he is, fearful
however that the contrary is true. During the
wart easy to be right it was then country or
country The issue was clearly defined. We
were then running in deep groove that held all
loyal men, beyond the possibility of error or es-
cape to their countrys cause. The track would
still be clear but for the course which the Exc
cutive has seen proper to pursue. He seems to
ignore Congress altogether in his work of recon-
structon, and if his policy is carried out really
believe We shall have trouble. The freedmen
would be reduced by State laws to a condition
worse than slavery. The feeling against the
Union in the South is as bitter now as it ever
has been. The Presidents policy, giving imme-
date and unconditional control to the States,
would silence the Union sentiments in the South
which is in the minority, and drive away every
practical advocate of enlightenment from the
Southern plantations. | feel it to be the duty of
Congress to insist upon adequate protection to
the freedmen and the right to instruct and ele-
vate them. The Copperheads object to the freed
mems Bureau, and to everything that will give
the negro chance to be free and useful. With
these views am at war and shall not waver.
One word to the duty of the
Union party They who have saved the Union
must sustain the efforts to meet and arrange the
logical consequences They must labor to make
intelligent the freedmen, that their presence may
be the less perncious, and protect them against
the prejudices that would keep them degraded
Traitors and Copperheads deny the colored man
the means of obtaining intelligence, and then
seek to degrade him because he is ignorant
They will howl 20 negro equality" Let them do
so. We will meet them with an unbroken front,
satisfied that party will be sure to triumph
if we take hold of the question boldly and in the
principles of equal justice. =
Year: 1866

HEALTH is WEALTH-GoUT, RHEUMATISM, &C
Disease is indiscriminate in the selection of its
yctm-the king possesses no more immunity
from the twinges of gout or neuralgia in his
weather-proof palace, than the beggar from the
attacks of rheumatism in his time battered hovel.
Wealth of itself can neither cure sickness nor
preserve health-else it would be monopoly of
the rich-on the contrary, the gouty or rheumat-
ic millionaire would willingly exchange half his
possessions for the robust constitution of the
daily laborer. To millions.whose subsistence de-
pends on toll, health is truly wealth, and the
loss oft entails on them the misery and suffer
ings which are the bane of poverty; but the
cheapness of Holloway Pills and Ointment obvi-
ats this evil by placing them within the reach of
all who are exposed to the direful effects of the
weather. Sold by all Druggists
Year: 1866

EXTRAORDINARY DEATH-Innumerable are
the ways by which men meet their death, On
we have never heard of one more singular than
ID related by the English papers. from which u
appears that skIlful hunter took the place Of
the game he had intended TO destroy, and was
actually shot and killed, not by the hand. bnt
by the forefoot OF a deer which he had hunted
down. The unfortunate sportsman. George
Urquhart, was on ashooting tsur in scotland
de wounded line sag. and the animal was
attempting to escape by way OF a narrow W glen
Urquhart was stationed NJ the glen 70
head him OF, but the powerful animal. fran
tic with the pain OF mortal wounds, rushed
down ON him, and compelled him 10 defend
himself by using the butt of his rife as a club
While thus in com bat, the deer lashed out with
his fore feet so suddenly as TO strike the ham
mers OF the double barrelled piece, breaking
of Cne and causing the other 70 disch arge the
load straight through the body OF the hunter
who SAID quietly, Il am shot" fell into the
arms OF his companion, and died about twilight.
The dear fell dead almost a. the same moment
but had first avenged it's death. and that Of
many another monarch OF the hills, in a mos
complete and extraordinary manner.
Year: 1866

have a few more statistics here.
| refer TO the same book, page l65. |
want to show you something about
the crimes of these people who have
such capacity for progress (D / want
TO demonstrate to you the fact that
wherever they have had an opportu-
nifty to make the progress that you
desire they should make, that wher-
ever the opportunity has been given
them to fit themselves for the right to
vote, that there the proportion of
crime committed by them is larger
than in any other section of this con-
tinent. That is fact that this book
demonstrates. Now, remember that
Massachusetts gave the negro the right
to vote when he was able to read and
write, and that in New York he has
the right to vote when he is possessed
of certain amount of property. The
statistics of 1850 show that in the
State of Massachusetts, there was one
negro convict to every two hundred
and sixty-two. The proportion in
New York is about the Same. Penn
sylvania has one black convict 10 ev-
cry five hundred black men WITHIN her
borders. This demonstrates that un-
der our policy, winch makes them not
our equals, which does not vest them
with the power Of sovereignty, much
less crime is committed than in those
sections in which they have greater
privileges and are permitted to vote.
| have more statistics. On page
166 Of the census of 1850, under the
head of Prisons and Penitentiares for
1850, we find that out of every ten
thousand colored people Of the State
of Maryland there were seven and
about a quarter in prison. In every
ten thousand colored people of the
State of Massachusetts, there werc
forty-six and moro than quarter Of
colored people in prison-six times as
many colored convicts in the peniten-
tiary in Massachusetts in 1850 as there
were in Maryland. In New York,
where they have the property qualif-
cation, there were fifty-one blacks in
prison to every ten thousand colored
people and in Pennsylvania. there
were nineteen blacks in the peniten.
tiary to every ten thousand colored


These are facts that cannot be gain.
said. They are found upon your rec.
ords, and you must make the best OF
them. l affirm that they are facts
that speak louder than defamation.
louder than the ideas of gentlemen
here founded upon what they conceive
TO be "the will Of God"-aye, these
are facts of the past They are the
recorded evidences of the progress OF
this race and wise, liberal and sensi.
BILE men will look at them before they
act upon this great issue.


Again, the proportion Of colored
convicts in the prisons, jails and aims
houses in the several cities given here,
as compared with the total population
ofthose cities, is this In Boston there
is one to every sixteen Of the colored
population and one TO every thirty
fourof the white population. In New
York there Is one TO every twenty.
four of the colored population and one
to every forty-fve Of the white popu'
lation. In Philadelphia there is one
- ouaru s~-.ctx- ,,.,o 90 Al. 49, 4
Year: 1866

LIENrNo's TRrAL-Tbe CoIusa San says
that the jury empaneled in the case OF the
People vs. Lenng brought in verdict #
not guilty. This is in all probability, the
last OF the prosecutions in Colusa county for
kidnapping. They have made it appear that
no person in this county had anything TO do
With the soldiers coming here-lbst no one
aided, abeited or advised the arrest of any
one, but that Capt Starr came here, perfect
stranger, and went to picking men up indis.
criminately as he came to them on the
streets. One good result of the trials is that
an attempt was made to show some r-joicing
over the assassination Of Lincoln, but among
all the men in town about that time not one
would swear 10 it in open Court. Writing
anonymous reports to distant newspapers i.
one thing swearing in the face Of crowd
of men cognizant of the facts is quite diff
ferent thing. The trials show that for no
cause or excuse whatever except anonymous
stories in the MarysviIIe Appeal, the military
came here and carried some nine free white
American citizens in irons to military bas.
Tile, there to suffer a hundred fold more in,
d'gnities than States Prison convic,s We
request all the papers in The State friendly to
the PRONUNCIATION Of truth to make these re.
suits public.
Year: 1866

n IT is AN lNDISpUTABLE FACT THAT
more disease and suffering is cntailed upon chill
dren by impure blood in parents than from any
other cause. Heads Of families owe it to their
posterty TO to it that their blood is kept free
from all poisonous matter that would have u ten
dency to produce disease, suffering and perhaps
death 10 their offspring Adams Blood Purifier,
prepared by Samuel Adams. San Francisco, is a
strictly vegetable preparation and is scientifically
prepared from the choicest and most eficacious
blood purifying remedies known to The vegetable
world, and il used according to directions. will
restore the blood to its proper condition in q
short time For sale at the United States Drug
Store, corner of Powell and Bush streets. San
Francisco, and all Druggists. febl0 3n
Year: 1866

SPECIAL NOTICE. We would call the atten-
ton Of Of our readers to the Grover Baker Ma
chimes. Their reputation is too we'll established
for us to attempt word in their favor, but
would advise any person wanting reliable Fam
lily Sewing Machine, to Investigate. these before
buying. "a word 10 the wise is sufficient"
Year: 1866

A fac; is disclosed by late report Of the
New York Inspector Of State Prisons, that
while all other occupations are represented in
their great number of convcls, there is not
single printer.
Year: 1866

The commanding position Which
General Grant occupies before the ma
ton as the head Of its military cstab-
lishment, renders his political status a
subject of profound interest. The evl-
dcnces heretofore given are strong that
he is in accord with the conservative
and constitutional attitude Of the Pres
idcnt But ifa doubt fingered on this
question, it is set at rest by the follow
inc pregnant sentences from the Presl-
dents speech at the New York ban
ouot, Gen. Grant being present. The
President said:


I have helped my distinguished
friend, Gen. Grant, to fight the rebels
South, and | must not forget peculiar
phrase, that he was going to tightSt on
on that line. applause and laughter


| was with him, and did all that
could and when we whipped them 4


one end of the line, l want to say t.


you that am for whipping them at tn
other end Of the line. Great laughte
and applause l thank God that if h
is not in the field, militarily speaking
thank God he is in the field on the otho
side. (Chccrs for Grant.
Year: 1866

No EXTRA PAY.-According to the Pacific
Tribune, the members of the coming session of
the Legislature will not receive extra pay. The
law which lately passed Congress, doubling the
pay of members of the legislature does not take
effect until 1867! 1t is to be hoped that none of
the members elect from this county will be pre-
vented on nthis account from attending the leg
islature next winter. There will be work for
them to do there, even it they should eonfne
themselves to undoing some of the work done
by the last legislature. Who, for Instance,
would not like to see the odious Registry Law
repealed and who would object to seeing the
county expenses decreased to the tube'of three
or fOuF thousand dollars per annum by'a return
the system of two, instead of three, terms per
year of the District Court in the First Jud,iisf
DistrictG
Year: 1866

TAXING PosIrIoN.-The Boise Stdtssndn has
heretofore measurably sustained the President,
aud at the same time seen nothing particularly
Objectionable in the course pursued by Congress.
In other words, our cOtemporary attempted the
difficult feat known as the two-horse act. This
performance was mainly intended to operate
upon the election, and now that the sovereigus
have spoken, our namesake no longer attempts
to StrAddle the ehasm that separates Congress
from the President, but boldly takes sides with
the radicals and chimes in with Stevens, Sumner
Co. We mention this fact as showing that the
eryStalizing process is going on, and that the
true Union men of the country are rapidly being
separated from those who failing to rule the
Government are determined to ruin it,
Year: 1866

The Cleveland Herald, in commenting
upon the protest of the envelope manu-
facturers against the adoption of that sec
tion of the postal bill which authorizes the
Postmaster General to sell envelopes at
othe value ofthe stamps impressed thereon"
argues that the effect of the measure would
not be to reduce the price of envelopes or
iniure the business of their manufacture,
and adds:


"The result would be but reduction in
postage stamps-that's all. Whatever the
envelope was worth for Just as much less
would the stamp on it be sold"


This is the fiOest of logic. Twenty-Five
postage stamps cost seventy-fve cents at
the postofioe, and twenty-five envelopes
cost fifteen to thirty cents at the station
er's. Now, suppose seventy-fve cents
would buy, at the postofice twenty-five
postage stamps andtwenty-fve envelopes,
who would not pass the stationer by and
purchase his envelopes of the Postofice
Department. There would be just as
many envelopes used, it is true; but the
business of manufacturing would be carried
on solely under Government contract. All
the envelope manufacturers in the country
would be brought into direct competition
as bidders for contracts to supply the Post
office Department, and the unsuccessful
candidates for Government patronage
would be compelled to suspend business,
for the Government would be almost the
only buyer in the market. The jobber
and retailer would lose the bulk of their
trade. The great competition that would
result from this universal bidding for con-
tracts under the law would vastly reduce
prices, thus diminishing the profits of the
business.


We do not regard this as any objection
to the bill. Paper and envelope makers
have amassed fortunes from the exorbitant
prices obtained during the war, and we
would not regret any state of affairs tend
ing to crush this monopoly. But we can
not accept the HsraLds logic that to sell
twenty-five stamps and like number of
envelopes for the price charged for the
stamps alone is no reduction of the price
of envelopes. Such reasoning is beyond
the comprehension of the masses.
Year: 1866

A man named Broadberry, residing in
the vicinity of Hamilton, Butler county,
got drunk the other night and fell from
his horse while on his way home. When
found in the morning his legs were SO
badly frozen that amputation of both be-
low the knee was necessary. Mortifcs-
ton set in, and a second amputation Of
the legs was made above the knee.