Year: 1874

Care of Manure.

 The pigs are my best manure makers, says "Works and Talks" in the Aori. culturist:' The great trouble is to get bedding enough. I could make pile of manure If l could use straw as freely as many of our farmers do. My two principal objects are to save all the liquid and to keep the manure slowly termentlng In heap all winter. The horse stall IS of course cleaned out twice every day, but instead of throwing the manure out of doors to be wet with rain or snow we throw it into an empty stall by the door. Here 1t remains until we have load of it. We then take this dry horse manure and use it for bed ding the pigs. The dry manure from the sheep sheds is used in the same way. In the centre of the barn-yard is large basin with an old oil barrel sunk in the ground for the tank. In the fall I tell my men to "start hot-bed in the basin. This is an important point. If they had their own way they would scatter the manure all over the basin, where it would be exposed to the rains and be frozen in winter. When put in a compact heap, and the manure leveled down every day as it is wheeled to the heap, an active fermentation is kept up all winter. The sides and top freezs a little, but the centre is mass of steam ing-hot manure. There is no loss of ammonia. We put blanks from the barn doors on to the heap and wheel the manure on top and spread it. If you do not spread it at once it will freeze. It looks now as though this heap of manure would be in a splendid condition for root crops next spring without turning. I propose to show IA acres of mangel-wurzels where I had corn last year, and shall use this ma- nure for them. I shall spread the ma- nure on the surface, harrow thoroughly so as to mix 1t with the soil, then plow it under and drill in the mangles on the flat.

 Orchard and Nursery.

 N1rssrymen will soon commence to send out stock, and all who have to pro- cure their trees from distance ought to send their orders at once. If delayed until the trees are wanted, the stock of many of the best varieties will often be exhausted. When the trees arrive un- pack at once, and if the ground is not prepared for planting out, heel in in a dry spot until needed. When ready to plant the tops should be cut back at least one-third, and the branches short ened, to compensate for the loss of roots in removing from the nursery. If any shriveled trees are found to bury the whole tree in the ground for a few days, and the the bark will usually as- sume it's plump condition.

 Glrdled trees should be treated as recommended last month.

 Cherry and plum trees should be graft ed earlier than apple and pear trees.

 Continue to prune while vegetation IS dormant, taking care to cover all large cuts with melted grafting-wax, shellac, varnish or paint. A good mix ture for graftingwax is with three parts beesWax, three parts rosin, and two parts tallow; melt and mix the whole we'll together.

 Cut cions as long as the sap continues dormant, and preserve as before direc- ted.

 Safe Cattle Tie.

 A tie that is as safe as probably any tie can be made is one that we have used for cattle, both oxen and COWS, fo1 several years without any accident o1 mishap whatever. A ring or eye-bolt is securely fastened in the side of the stall above the level of the feed trough. Through this ring the rope is passed. One end of the rope is passed through block of wood and knotted so that ii can not be drawn out. The end hangs down below the ring. The other end IS also knotted in such a way that the knot can not slip. This end of the rope is passed around the horns of the cattle so as not to be too tight, and the knot at this end is put through loop made in the rope at such distance from the end as to leave sufficient length to go around the horns. When the cattle are up the slack of the tie is drawn down by the weight of the wooden block, making 1t impossible for the animal to get it's foot over it. When they are lying down the block is drawn up. wards, but still keeps the rope safely out of the way. We have found this tie equally useful for horses.

 Permanent Whitewash.

 With the return of spring comes the usual inquiries for good whitewash. We have only to repeat the following directions given below, as follows: Take half bushel of unslacked lime, slake 1t with boiling water, covering it during the process to keep in the steam; strain AAdOASA OAAOuSA d LILO S1Of0 LII strainer, and add to it Q peck of salt previously we'll dissolved in water three pounds ground rice boiled to a thin paste, and stirred in boiling hot : half pound Spanish whiting, and a pound of clean glue which has been previously dissolved by soaking it first, and then hanging over a slow fire in a small kettle inside large one filled with water; add five gallons of hot water to the mixture, stir it we'll, and let 1t stand few days covered from the dirt. It should be put on quite hot for this purpose it can be kept in a ket- tie on furnace. A pint of this mix ture will cover yard square of the outside of house, if applied with a large paint-brush.

 Grease Spots.

 In the removal of grease from cloth. ing with benzol and turpentine, people most generally make the mistake o1 wetting the cloth with the turpentine and then rubbing it with a sponge o1 cloth. In this way the fat gets dis solved, but spreads over 8 greater space and not removed the benzol or tur. pentlne evaporates, and the fat covers now greater surface than before. The only way to radically remove grease spots is to place soft plotting paper be. meath and on top of the grease spot, which spot has first been thoroughly saturated with the benzol, and then tc press it well. The fat gets now dissolved and absorbed by the paper, and entirely removed from the clothing.

 Value of Chips and Bark.

 The chiDs and bark which accunou1ote around sawmill if partly rotted, are valuable when plowed into the soil. We have found such matter nuisance