smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1874

From the Popular Science Monthly,


In the skin of bird where new
feather is to grow, there is little
pit, and at the bottom of this an ell
ovation or pyramid; extending up
one side of this pyramid is groove
or furrow, deepest at the base, and
gradually growing shallower until
It disappears near the top; from
each side of this furrow a great ma
ny smaller grooves extend around
to the other side ofthe pyramid, and
these also decrease in depth, and at
last disappear just as they are about
to meet on the side opposite th.-
large turrow. The whole pyramid
is covered with skin, and the sur
face is made Of the same scales, or
flattened cells, that are found over
the rest of the surface Of the. body:
but. instead of falling off when they
are pushed out by those below them
they become united or welded to
each other, so as to form a horn
coat over the surface of the pyra-
mid, with ridges on its lower or in'
ner surface Corresponding to the
grooves on the pyramid; and, as
new cells form at the base this coat
or cast of the surface is pushed up
ward till it breaks at the thinnest
part, which is, Of course, the smooth
part without ridges opposite the
large furrow; and then as it is push
ed onward and flattened, it assumes
the form ofa feather, the ridge form
cd in the main furrow being the
shaft, while the cast of the side
grooves form the separate barbs OF
the vane. When all the vane has
been formed and pushed forward,
| the pyramid loses its grooves and
becomes smooth, and the wall now
formed on its surface, being of the
same thickness in all its parts; does
not break, but remains tubular. and


forms the quill, which is attached
to what is left of the pyramid. A
tinger.nail or hair is formed from


the same kind of scales in the same


way, the process differing only in


those features which give to each


organ its special character. Feath-


ers, scales, hair, claws and nails are


all made alike from the dead, fat


tened cells crowded to the surface


by the process of growth.
Year: 1874

then came q most terrible storm
that would sunk ell on board had it
not been for the captain. Every
spar was laid low, the rudder was
almost useless, and great leak had
shown itself, threatening to fill the
ship. The crew were al strong
willing men, and the mates were
practical seamen Of the first-class !;
but after pumping for one whole
night, and the water still gaining
upon them, they gave up in despair
and prepared to take the boats, they
they might have known no small
boat could ride such a sea. Tho
captain, who had been below with
his charts, now came up; he saw
how matters stood, and with voice
that I heard distinctly above the
roar Of the tempest, aud ordered
every man to his post.


1t was surprising to see those
men bow before the strong will Of
their cAptains and hurry back to the
pumps. The captain then started
below to examine the leak. As he
passed me l asked him if there was
any hope. He looked at me and
then at the other passengers, who
had crowded up to hear the reply,
and said rebukingly:


"Yes, sir, there is hope as long
as one inch of this deck remains
above water: when l see none Of it
then l shall abandon the vessel, and
not before, nor one of my crew, sir.
Everything shall be done to save it
and if we fail, it shall not be from
inaction. Bear a hand every one
of you at the pumps"


Thrice during that day did we
despair; but the Captains dauntless
courage, perseverance and powerful
will, mastered every man on board,
and we went to work again.


81 will land you safely at the
dock in Liverpool" said he, eff you
will only be men,"


And he did land us safely; but
the vessel sank, moored to the dock.
The Captain stood on the deck of
the sinking vessel, receiving the
thanks and blessing of the passen-
gers as they passed down the gang
plank. l was the last to leave. AS
l passed he grasped my hand and
said:


"Judge p, do you recognize
me ?"


l told him that was not aware
that / ever saw him until stepped
aboard his ship.


"Do you remember the boy in
Cincinnati ?"


every well, sir; William Haver-
ley"


81 am here" said he. "God
bless you ~


"And God bless noble Captain
Haverley."
Year: 1874

~ Workmen engaged in sinking An
air-shaft at the mines Of the Washington
n Chicago Coal Co, at Montgomery
last week. came upon stratum of pure
camel coal three feet thick. Mt distance
of fifty feet from the surface of the
ground. and about twenty feet above
the vein Of block coal now being work
ed. The air-shaft Is only about one
hundred and twenty wards from the
shaft where coal is hoisted from the
mine. and as no camel coal was found
in sinking the hosting shaft the cannel
coal stratum was quite unexpected. The
company intend TO mine the camel and
send ii out through the old mine. This
is the first two-story minc that has been
opened in the county. Il Washington
Enterprise.
Year: 1874

Is-if ladies want to look beautiful
here is sure recipe: Eat meat once
a day, pickles once week. and sweet.
meats once o year; cold bath every
day, walk five miles every day. and
then you will have no need of paint ol
powder.
Year: 1874

There ID no doubt of the next
Congresa being Democratic, and
our people will see how far, and to
what extent, that famous epigIam-
matical saying of Gen1 Grant will
be aft cted by the change in the
political character of that body.
When General Grant uttered the
words, "Let us have peace" he felt
the force and effect of them, and
honestly intended, SO far as his in
dividual influence extended, to see
the whole country repOsing in the
blessings which would result from SO
happy Q state Of things. 1t is nOr
our purpose tn inquire into the
causes which have thwartcd the
aims aud bsfAed the hopes of the
President in his sincere desire for
peace during the past six years.
Viewed from q purely party stand
point, We might trace them to pOlit
jcal antagOnisms rather than to any
disposition ON the part of General
Grant to thwart any desiIe of the
people locking to that important
end.


The Democrats have persistently
charged the unsettled condition of
the county. especially of the South.
to Republican rule, alleging that it
was the policy Of that party to TO
meDt strife and keep up spirit OF
bitter antagOnism between the De-
mocrscy and themselves. This, of
coarse, We emphatic,lly deny, but
that the peace which General Grant
30 much desired has not been real
lied, is potent to all. When we say
that the Republican party of This
great nation sincerely longs for the
reign Of peace and amity, We utter
but the simple truth, and well
knowing that the prosperity and
happiness of our whole country de
ponds largely upon the fraternsl
good will Of both sections, we shall
rejoice to see every harmonizing
attribute dignified and consecrated,
and every discordant element re-
buked and mathematical.


That peace which the Democracy
has been SO clamorOus for, and which
they urged could alone reconcile the
diffarence between us, is now lodged
in their hands. lbe balance of
power has been given to them and
we shall coon see whether it will be
used to exalt or degrade the nation.
If by their jndicious Legislation
peace will be restored and the pros
perity of the country be enhanced,
we shall rejoice to see it. We are
not 60 welded to the IDOL, part! as
to desire its elevation at the expense
of the country's veal, aud if under
Democratic or Conservative rule
we shall again be a united and hap
py people, We say let the good deed
be done. Our desire is to see the
Southern States come into the
Union, as before, to no CALLING yoke.
to no debasing servitude, but to au
honorable, harmonious, common na-
tionality, 0eh moving separate and
free, yet uhitej,


Distinct a. the pillows, but one as the


aaa~
Year: 1874

Supervision Of the schools is a matter
of the greatest importance. We have
Just returned from an extensive tour
among The schools Of the 2nd, 4th,. 9TH,
and Sth school districts. Some Of the
schools are preparing to close few have
already closed. The people in the main
are ready and willing to do their part
In act,there is general anxiety to improve
the condition of the district school bous-
es. In some districts the schools have
not given entire satisfaction, owing to the
uncomfortable condition of the school
house. 1t is impossible to teach school
successfully in o school house that is open
lcaky, dirty, dark, damp and uncomfor>
table in every sense. We find q few
school houses Of this description, but the
number is rapidly growing less. .+


How long will the people contiuu, to


waste their money in such school houses?


We find that the patrons often do not
know the condition of the house to which
they send their children. When their
attention has bccn called to the matter
they seem to be surprised. The truth is,
tire school house Las been sadly neglec>
ted. If the supervision of the schools be
instrumental in waking up the people on
this subject, great good will be accom-
plished. 1t will be worth thousands Of
dollars to the country. Ask the common
people their opinion. Shall we have bet
ter school houses? Shall we maintain
the school system? The questions con-
tain the answer. ~
Year: 1874

A NEW PREss.-Within the last few
days q GORDON power press has been
added to the printing department of our
establishment, making five steam presses
now at work In our concern. This equip.
ment enables us to meet the demands Of
our job printing patrons with becoming
promptness, and We trust that our efforts
to deserve the favor Of the public will be
as successful in the future as they have
been in the past, We have also added a
large assortmentot new styles of job type
within a week or two, and are thus more
amply prepared than ever to execute a
great variety of work in this line Of our
business: We are prepared to print every.
thing in the shape Of books, pamphlets
legal documents, posters, bill heads, letter
heads, circulars, cards and labels, with
greater dispatch than at any former
DefiOd,
Year: 1874

TIE SHOOTING TOURNAMENT
will begin today. The programme, together
with tie arrangements which tho managers hayo
made for tho accommodation Of those who may
attend, have already boon published in TIE
TRIBUNE, and it only remains to DO said that tho
ontrioh are numerous, and comprise somo OF tile
best amateur shots in tho country.
Year: 1874

The proper way to punish policemen who
are found guilty of outrage upon the citizens
they are sworn to protect is neither reprl-
mand nor dismissal from the force. They de-
serve to be tried and imprisoned like other
criminals, and as they hold public positions
of trust and have extraordinary authority,
their offences should have exceptionally heavy
punishment We have recently reported
several cases of the kind, but none worse than
the arrest OF three respectable women, one of
them married, by a policeman named Will
lam T. Graham. These ladies are employed
in manufactory in Broadway, and were re-
turning to their homes at night, having been
detained late by their work. They were insulted
by some men on the street, and the policeman
arrested not the men but the women They
were taken to the police station, locked in
cell all night and in the morning were ar
raigned as common prostitutes. Their ire
proachable characters were, of course, easily
proved, and they We're discharged, the officer
receiving severe reprimand from Justice
Murray. Here the matter is likely to end
unless the Board of Police Commissioners
take the proper action. The ladies who were
arrested on such q charge, dragged to cell
like felons, brought up in court as prostitutes,
have no desire to attract further publicity, and
are not likely to prosecute the officer. But they
cannot refuse to attend as witnesses, and it is
the duty of the Board to make this policeman
an example. His conduct was brutal He al-
lowed the blackguards to go free and arrested
the women they insulted. Every citizen is
interested in his punishment and no virtuous
woman can be considered safe if such things
are to be tolerated. The reputation Of many
good girl might be ruined forever by the
mare faSt Of hex arrest - prostitute and
Year: 1874

conditions of the rehabilitation of the Southern


States? No; it is known that the Southern


people are earnestly doing their utmost to
live peaceably-to stand Loyalty by all the
conditions of their restoration to political
rights. But no people can be sure of its
disorderly classes No community can give
a guarantee that murder, arson, robbery or
other outrage will not be committed in its
midst; neither can the South, more than any
other community, give such a guarantee, and
to hold that because outrages are committed
by the disorderly therefore the whole people
must forfeit the position they have gained by
the progress that reconstruction has already
made, is merely the atrocious pretence of
those who have ends to gain in the general
wretchedness of the Southern people.


Because of this fact in our political con-
dition it is urgently necessary that the people
should come to an understanding as apart
from the office holders and functionaries who
pretentiously represent them, but who abuse
their position to secure their own advantage
and betray the cause the nation has at heart.
which is the full and sound restoration of
national unity in feeling and purpose. Con-
gress has utterly failed, and we see no other
hope for reconstruction such as it should be
than national convention.
Year: 1874

DEEP SEA SoUNDINGs.- publish else
where communication upon the subject of
deep sea soundings, as exemplifed in the
recent papers OF Commandant Belknap, on
the Pacific, in preparation for the laying of a
cable upon the bed of that ocean. The de-
scription of the instruments used and the
manner of making the castings, whereby the
depths are ascertained, are of great interest
A detailed report of the soundings made, with
the character of the bottom at the various
points, is also furnished.
Year: 1874

The BLACK HHIS-Our correspondent, who
accompanied the Commissioners appointed to
locate the new agency for Spotted Tails band
in their trip to the Black Hills, reports the
location made at the head of Beaver Greek.
While there he concluded to take the oppor-
tunity of bringing away some of the gold re-
ported to be lying around that region rather
profusely, but was unable to obtain even the
color of the auriferous metal. This is good
hint for intending gold hunters in that
region
Year: 1874

The TRIBUNE announces that to-day is It's
ssh birthday We wish It many happy returns IL is IN
the prime OF life putting No build
ing cost the ground S5OO00-which is the only
reason, the editor says. why II pays no dividends.


The Express is always courteous, and generally ac-
curate but it makes little mistake of something
over half a million here. The building and the
neioly purchased real estate of The TRIBUNE will
amount to considerably over the sum it names. The
bare land owned by The TRIBUSE-entirely unin-
numbered save by its building loan for brick and
mortar going directly upon its estimated by real
estate and insurance men at not less than $4,000
The building will be worth at least S6OO,OOO more
Year: 1874

TESTING MrLK.-As result of investigations, Prof
SAGE proposes as test for the dilution of milk, mix
ing II with its volume of alcohol OF 70o Tr. when,
with pnre milk the cOagulum formed will equal the
mix in volume and invariably rise TO the top
Year: 1874

Low WATER IN THE RIVER SEISE.-Nessrs Bel


grand and LemOine predicted nearly four months
an dvance an approaching stage of yery low water
in the River Seine which will probably about
the middle of next October. In making this predie
iion they desire to say that even though the Summer
months should be quite rainy yet will the flow of
water not be sufficiently great to disprOve the truth
of their prediction Ii has been established in fact,
that the rains Of the months are but slightly If
at ALL useful regulatin the flow ofthe ryer waters
because of the large evaporation which carries of
the greater portion of the rainfall. Their own OBJ
servations have. in addition. shown that whenever
toward the end of May the head waters of the Seine
have been very low this deficiency is made up
until after the middle of October. The records of
the past 10 years show that the stage of highest
water has varied in the Springtme, between Feb
ruary and March, and. in general the relations of
the riYer-nOw to the surrounding country are such
that while they cannot attempt 90 predict anything


with regard TO the character of the weather during
the coming Summer and Autumn they are confident


s 10 the truth of their prediction with regard to the
river-how aud confidently expect that by the middle
of October the River Seine will exhibit one of the
very lowest stages that has ever been recorded


FIG CoPFER.-A coffee substitute of roasted figs
has been in the market in Austria for ten years and
ts also prepared at present IN Berlin. Recent care
fu tests of il indicate that il possesses agree
Year: 1874




The faculty that some people have
of making themselves, to all intents
and purposes, the center of the uni
verse is thing which covet every
day of my life. OF course great many
people really believe that they are these
centers, or that center-but it is the
select few who really compel every one
else to believe it, whom / envy. 1t
must be a glorious consciousness.
Such sense of largeness such Popish
pride, without the slightest tinge of
any of the Pope's personal humility.
To think of bringing the whole realm
of literature, art, religion to the test of
ones self To think of going to heax a
new oratorio. not for the mere vulgar
purpose of enjoying it but in order to
"see how you will like it."


To be sure, passing from one such
center to another among your friends
is apt to create an element of confusion,
something like that supposed by War
ner to be produced in the minds OF
those who dwell by certain river in
the provinces, which first runs one way
and then another, and then vanishes al
together. Monthly.
Year: 1874

Though that class is by no means e1-
tinct, still they are not so numerous as
might be wished. There is nothing
half so sweet in life, half so beautiful
or delightful or so loveable as a nice
girl. Not pretty or a dashing girl,
but nice girl. One of those lovely,
lively, good natured, sweet-faced amia
ole, neat, natty, domestic creatures
met within the sphere of "home," diff
fusing around the influence of her
goodness, like the essence of sweet
flowers.


A nice girl is not the languishing
beauty, dawdling on q sofa, and dis
cussing the last novel or opera, or the
giraffe-like creature sweeping maiesti-
cally through the drawing groom. The
nice girl may not even play or dance
well, and knows nothing about using
her eyes or coquetting with fan. She
rever languishes, she is too active.
She is not given to sensation novels,
she is too busy. In public she is not
in front showing her shoulders she
sits quiet and unobtrusive at the back
of the crowd most likely. In fact it is
not often We discover her. Home is
her place.


Who rises betimes and superintends
the morning meal? Who makes the
toast and the tea, and buttons the boys
shirts, and feeds the chickens, and
brightens up the parlor and sitting
room. Is it the languisher or the gi-
raffe, or the ''elegaRte," not bit of it
it's the nice girl.


Her maiden toilet is made in the
shortest possible time, yet how char
mingly it is done and how elegant and
neat her dress and collar Not pre-
senting her cheek or brow like a ''fne
girl but an audible smack which says
plainly 81 love you ever SO much" If
you covet anything it's one of the nice
girls kisses.


Breakfast over, down i'll the kitchen
to see about dinner, and all day long
she is up and down, always cheerful
and light hearted. She never ceases to
be active and useful until day is gone,
when she will polka with the boys or
read. sing old songs and play old tunes
to her father or mother for hours to-
gether she is perfect treasure is the
nice girl. When sickness comes it is
she who attends with unwearying
patience in the sick chamber. There
is no risk, no fatigue that she will not
undergo; no sacrifice that she will not
make. She is all love, all devotion. l
have often thought it would be happi-
ness to be i'll to be watched by such
loving eyes, and tended by such fair
hand.


One of the most strongly marked
characteristics of ''nice girl is tidi-
ness and simplicity of dress. She is in
variably associated in my mind with
high frock, plain collar, and the neat
est of nice ribbons, bound with the most
modest little brooch in the world. l
never knew mice girl" who displayed
a profussOn of rings and bracelets, or
who wore low-dresses or a splendid
bonnet.


say again, there is nothing in the
world half so beautiful half so intrinsi-
cally good as mice girl" She is the
sweetest flower in the path of life
There are others far more stately, far
more gorgeous, but these We merely
admire as we go by. 1t is where the
daisy grows that we like to rest.
Year: 1874

Mr.. Ct. A. Bergh, in PoqgendOrf'
Annalen. writes on the application of
solar heat as a motor force, and con-
tends that from the present standpoint
of science it is possible to construct
constantly-working sun-machine. He
says: "That the heat of the sun may
be transformed into mechanical force
no one can doubt for we see daily
what masses of water solar heat raises
into the air, to be again precipitated to
the earth, and We know what an enor-
nous mechanical force is here repre-
sented. Further, we know that solar
heat Is the cause of motions of the
atmosphere that plants under its in
fuence form out of the carbonic acid of
the air an organic substance richer in
carbon; that plants which grew in
earlier times, under the influence of
sun heat, were transformed into coal
and peat, whose combustion now yields
heat to drive our engines, which is
simply the solar heat returned. 1t is
known that the arrangement of ma
chimes, which serve for the transforma-
ton of heat into mechanical work, rests
on the principle that a liquid or gaseous
substance, acted on by the heat, under
goes a molecular change, through
which a certain mechanical force is de-
veioped. Hence, if we had liquid
which, at ordinary temperature, be-
haved like water at high temperature,
this liquid would be a suitable means
of motion for a sun machine. There
are several such liquids, G. g., sulphur
Gus acid, methylic chloride, methylic
ether, etc. OF all these, sulphurous
acid best deserves attention, as it has
several useful properties for the end in
view. Conceive a vessel, filled with
sulphurous acid, exposed to the suns
rays the tension of the sulphurous
acid vapor, if the temperature of this
vessel exceeds that of the surrounding
air by at least 10o to 20o, must be from
one to three atmospheres higher than
that of the sulphurous acid vapor in
another vessel similarly filled with sui
phurous acid but which has only the
temperature of the surrounding air.
We can thus arrange an engine which
agrees in principle with the steam
engine with merely this difference, that
the water is replaced by sulphurous
acid, and the fuel by the solar heat /;
while the vessel exposed to the suns
rays represent the boiler.