Year: 1878

S"Iueleu dlteI Tue urSC kllIDg 1rOStS IN
autumn. along the timbered streams and
lakes, as also young trees of one and two
years growth in abundance. The latter
should be gathered and heeled in by Dig
ging trench on dry ground (where the
water will not stand) and laying in the
roots and half or two.+hirds the length
of the young tree, and then covering with
earth till spring. The roots should be
kept moist until planted. They should
be exposed as little as possible to the sun
and wind. The seeds Of the ash and box.
elder should be planted in the fall, Just
before the ground freezes, in drills, up on
ground finely pulverized. These seeds
usually hang on the trees till far into the
winter, and sometimes can be gathered
late IN the spring. The seeds of the elm
and soft maple should be planted as soon
after ripening as possible. The sugar.
maple seeds may lie gathered in October,
and may be sown in autumn or mixed
with sand and kept damp (not wet) in a
place cool enough to prevent vegetation
till spring. They may be sown in drills,
and when two or three years old they can
be thiuned out by transplanting.


PREPARATION OF SOIL AND NODE OF
PLANTING CUTTINGS The ground must
be 1rst broken and the sod thoroughly
decomposed. Then plow to a depth of
ten inches and harrow till finely puiver-
lied. For hedge a strip eight feet wide
should be prepared in this way, the cut
tings being set in the center of the strip,
leaving margin of four feet on each side
for cultivation. In planting, stretch a
small rope on the line and rake smooth
under it. A man with an armtul of CUT
tings then goes along, sticking them in
butt.end first, and, if for live fence or
hedge, one foot apart They should be
pressed in deep, leaving not more than one
or two buds out. One man can easily
stretch the rope and rake the ground, and
a lively lad Of fifteen to twenty can stick
them, at the rate of a mile a day. The
cost of &, 5,2s0 cuttings is 1855; the rest
is labor. .- ..


MODE OF CULTlvATIoN.-As soon after
planting as the weeds and grass show
themselves commence hoeing CAREFULLY.
Hoe all of the four.foot margin thoroughly,
and soon afterward, when the cuttings
have started so as to see the rows dis.
tinctly, pass with horse and cultivator up
and down the row often enough to kill
grass and weeds aud leave the margin
mellow; this hoeing should be repeated
several times, care being taken not to cut
or ipjure the cuttings or young trees.
After harvest, the weeds and grass should
be pulled up and burned. Success de"
pends upon thorough cultivation the first
season. The second year does not require
more than half the labor of the first, and
at the end of the second year no further
cultivation is needed, beyond liberal
mulching of man


Under this treatment, the cuttings in
five years will have grown from rs to IS
feet high, and from to inches in thick
ness, forming sufficient fence against
horses and cattle, and an effectual wind
break. Ten acres planted in this way, 8
feet apart, will, in five years, not only
furnish all the fuel and fencing necessary
to support small farm, but will also
afford some income from the fence poles
that can be spared to ne,ghbors.


Planting should begin as soon as the
frost is out Of the ground, and may be
continued till June. Fall p!oughing is
preferable; and if after spring ploughing,
the earth should be pressed firmly down
on each side of the cuttings as the plant.
ing progresses.


ESTIMATE OF THE COST OF PLANTING
FORTY AcREs.-ln the first year, the emf
grant can get settled and break up one
acre for forest-trce nursery. This should
be done by the middle of June. Brea
the sod ~ inches deep, and thoroughly
About the let Of October, break with a
stirring -plow, to the depth Of at least 6
inches-8 or 10 inches would be better
and then harrow. AS soon as the seeds
arc ripened, gather those that are to be
used, as ash, sugar maple, box elder, nuts,
acorns, &C., from the woodlands that skirt
the rivers and lakes, sutfic ent for three.
tourths of the acre, leaving the remaining
fourth for white willow, cottonwood, and
lombardy poplar cuttings. On this acre