smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1874

Sorrel may be eradicated the same as other
weeds, by summer following, or by putting
the land in some hOed crop, the production
Of which will make it necessary to keep the
soil clean. Ii the soil contains many seeds,
it may be necessary to follow this course for
more than single year. Another method
of subduing sorrel is TO put the land into
some forage crop and apply manures that
will stimulate its growth. Red or white elo'
yer are good crops, and lime and plaster
good manures for this purpose. AT one time
II was believe that an application OF lime
was sure to kill out sorre, and at the same
time was certain to sustain tho growth oil
valuable plants. The fact that sorrel may


be found growing in the crevices OF ledgees
Of lime rocks will disprOve this theory. II


is quite certain that the only agency the
lime exerts is to sustain the growth OF
Year: 1874

An item in the last FARMER, announcing
the severe injury of child from being
thrown from q carriage while crossing
"bar" in the road, prompts me to write
few lines about the construction OF those
necessary evils. A ride by any wheel con-
veyance up and down our hills will show to
the observer great diversity in the manner
of constructing bars. Now and then may
be found those which are made as they
should be but much oftener can be found
those which are constructed in such an un-
workmanlike manner as to be serious im-
pediment to comfortable travelling.


Bars can be made to answer all the pur.
poses for which they are ever made--with
perfect ease-so as to cause no "jolt" to the
carriage whatever,--hardly q perceptible
rising of the wheels.


The road should first be put in good order
above and below where the bar ia wanted,
Then not less than two good carloads Of
solid dirt should be dropped in the middle
of the track. Now comes the only trouble
in the matter--that of shaping the pile Oi
dirt so as to have bar that will throw wa
ter from the road efectually, and at the
same time allow the easy passage Of wheels
The bar should be shaped something like Z
harrow, with the point upwards. There
should be no sag above the bar, with
gradual slope below, with just rise enOugl
where the carriage wheels strike to sen'
water into the ditch.


If it is necessary to send the water acrOs
the road, the bar Of course must be mad
somewhat differently. In that case ther
need be no impediment to easy passage. Th
jolt often canes from sag above the bar
This is wrong; the road should be even
where it strikes the edge of the bar. The
there should be no more rise than is require
to send the water across the road.


NOrthfsld, June 2S. ID. T. A.
Year: 1874

London is now in telegraphic communiea-
tion with Brazil.


The American people are emphatically
reading people. Our population sustains a
larger number of newspapers by probably so
per cent. than any other people OF like mum
Der on the face of the globe.


Republicans and democrats have suffered
about equally from desertion to the independ-
ent party in Illinois. Counties in the north
ern part of the state which have usually gone
republican by majorities ranging rs high as
three thousand are now expected to elect
independent candidates, and the democratic
counties in the southern part of the state are
likely to show an equal change, Judging from
present appearances.


If every person owning farm were care
full to regularly take one journal devoted to
his interests and those of his family, il would
net only keep the younger branches from
seeking amusement from questionable
sources but add to the general stock OI
knowledge; the help on the farm would be-
come more intelligent workers, and the next
generation would us far outstrip this in real
knowledge OF agricultural art rs this one ex
ceeds the farmers of two generations ago.


A good story is told OF Sir Hugh Allan, O
Montreal, owner Of the Allan line of steam
ers and principal proprietor of the steamer
Lady of the Lake on Lake Memphremagog
The Presbyterian church in Montreal wher'
Allan attends wanted to buy $4,000 organ
The clerk set out upon tho arduous task o
circ ulating n subscription paper. The firs
man encountered was one Dow. and the bes
Mr.. clerk could get out of him was that
he would go to Hugh Allan and get him Il
subscribe he dow would give as much a
Allan would. Foriiying his courage, Cler
besought Allan and urged him to be liberia
rs he could get as much from Dow. "Wha
did Dow say ?" "lle said he would give q
much as you would" Allan has too muc
humOr in hIm to miss practical joke II
don't cost more than one or two thousan
dollars, so in about ten seconds Allan wrOt
his name for $1,000, half the cost Of the ol
gan. Dow, who was by no means candi
date for the poor house, was as good as hi
word, but from that day TO this he doesn
allow Hugh Allan to say how much he sha
give towards church organs.
Year: 1874

distant school, with pompous air read the
Declaration Of Independence, or Illuminated
his college learning and spread the eagle to
please the gaping crowd, and whispers OF
"How smart passed through the crowd,
while loving mothers cast wistful glances at
their stalwart sons, and pointed them to the
speaker as one for them to initiate. And
what said the stalwart sons Their thoughts
we're easily read in the flush that como and
went and the FIRE Of the eye as they COM
pared their broad brown hands with his, and
in after days these thoughts came swelling
upward, surging like the incoming tide.


The squire grew restive and warned them
to be steady and attend to their work. The
minister in holy horror saw them doubt the
divinity of his calling, and pass him without
due reverence. But they struggled
on. Knowledge was their aim. Schools
and seminarics sprang up as by magic, and
from their halls came forth the bronzed sons
aud daughters of toll, with glow of intelli.
gence that told their souls had been touched
with living Goals from the alter Of classic
lore. And sir, such as these formed the
farmers clubs, aided perhaps by few Of
those eccentric minds. The farmers felt the
power of knowledge and the benefits of social
intercourse. At this important epoch new
order appeared, secret in organization, ram
flying through every part of the social sys-
TEN, diguifying labor, and making it honora-
bic. The farmers saw it and approved 1t
spread as by magic, and none could say nay.
Like the star Of Bethlehem it taught the
wise to respect the humble, and the lowly
were lifted Up. Becoming masters Of the
situation they grappled with fraud and vio-
lence. Grasping the pillars Of our social
system they shook it to its center, and the
spores of corruption and fraud fell to the
ground. And now friends, Patrons, your
advent was at an auspiclous epoch in the
progress of the uprising laborcr. 1t wa'
like summer morn, giving new life ant
vigor to the cause. Pass on. Your merid


ian shall spread the light Of intelligence Ovel
the whole land, and in some distant genera


tion your setting shall be like the setting o


an autumnal sun, sending its gorgeous ray


over hill and vale, meadow and forest, Great
ing a panorama Of loveliness and beaut.


wondrous to behold.


Sir, stand here the representative Of


generation passed by. Shaken and scarre
by the storms of more than threescore years
willingly l lay off the armor and yield tn
| struggle Of progress to younger and NOR
, vigorous hands, and can say "Now let m
, depart in peace, mine eyes having seen thu
desire of my heart, farm labor made honord
Bile, and the law givers and rulers chose
from among the tillers Of the soil.
Year: 1874

In the Mich Zeitung, published Ia Dant-
zig, Germany, the following conclusions are
arrived at from experiments made by Mr.
Peterson, to determine the causes affecting
the yield Of butter, viE


The churning of whole milk is, as a rule,
little known, 1t is, however, often resorted
TO IN Holstein, where cheese is not made.
The general mode Of procedure is self evil
dent instead Of being skinned. when it is
ripe enough, the whole Of the milk is worked
in the churn.


All the experiments have made to deter
mine which method yields the most butter,
have been in favor of churning the whole
milk, when other circumstances have been
equal.


To obtain the greatest amount Of butter,
in churning cream, it is necessary


LIST. To be in position to control the
temperature at all times of the year.


%. To be able always to perform the
skimming at the right time.


3d. Such daily supply Of milk as will
yield enough cream to allow it to be churned
bafore its yield of butter is damaged By
standing too long.


These conditions cannot be complied with
10 all dairies, and the less so the smaller the
establishment The greater number Of dali
ries depend on three or four cows, and the
yield OF butter is often considerably lessened
by the cream standing too long, owing to the
quantity not being sufficient to churn.


lu churning whole milk l always proceed
as follows:


Tho evening milk Of one day and the
morning milk of the next are churned to.
gether. The former is placed in tub di'
reCtly after milking, and the latter added to
it the next morning. In summer the milk
IL allowed TO stand, at most, two feet high
! in the tub in the winter about q feet. In
! very hot weather the morning milk is cooled
down to l69 or 20e Il. before it is added to
the evening milk. Under these circum
stances the milk is nearly always ripe fol
churning when the evening milk has stood
36 and the morning "A hours. The temper
ature Of the milk when being churned shoulC
be from . to 10 Il. warmer than wheI
cream is churned.


The churning itself should be hurried a
little as possible; since the butter globule:
become more widely separated in milk than
in cream, rather more time is needed fo
them to collect.


,lsIn ohurning whole milk there is an in
crease in labor, owing to the necessity fol
more frequent churnings, but this is far out
weighed by the other advantages resulting
from it.
Year: 1874

Why does the farmer, once highest In station,
Now rank the poorest Of all sons OF toill
Let him arise from his deep degradation
And be once agnin the proud lord Of the soil.
Justice shall triumph against every dangeri


Justice is with us! Who will not say;
Success to the farmer success to tho granger


Success to the change that is dawning to-day !
Those who opprcss him are strong in their union
That is their secret, that is his cure
Lot us unite then in honest communion
Not to defraud, but our rights TO secure.


Justice shall triumph, &c.
A Just distribution of wealth in the nation
This is a boon each American Graves
We should bo first in the dreams realization
Whore none are masters none should be slaves.
Justice shall triumph, &c.
Who can be willing to toll on for strangersi
They idly rich, we dustriously poor
Rather let every man join with the grangers-
Justice shall reign in our country once more.
Justice shall triumph, &c.
Man cannot prosper apart from his brother
God has ordained it-tho lesson is sent.
We must unite to assist one another,
Strong in the union of interests blent.


Justice shall triumph, &c.
"Paith, hope and charity''-this be our maxim.
Faith in each other, hope in our cause,
Fldelty-thrOugh every cause that distracts him,
Let each be true to the grange and its laws.


Justice shall triumph, &c.
Justce, neglected in halls of the nation,
By the side Of the farmer takes her last stand
In him is her hope and hor last expeetation-
Let him arise for himself and the land.


Justice shall triumph, &c.


-BsHe MdrioW Wheeler, in Rural W0Th
Year: 1874

Many Of our farmers have wasted years
of valuable time just because they did not
teach their COWS to come home at night
Any one who has lived or travelled in the
country will remember the familiar Oo-bos,
Co-bos of the farmers son or hired man,
as he endeavors to coax the COWS from the
great pasture. Wehave had little experience
10 these matters and we'll remember how
many times we have waded through the
brush and bOgs looking for the cows, and,
boy-like, we thought thom dreadful contrary
animals. But We have lived long enough
to learn better, and now tkink that the BIZ
ped was the more contrary animal Of the two.
Boys, we will tell you secret that will save
you great deal OF trouble, and it is this
Every time the COWS are driven up at night
or in the morning, give them q good lick
of meal or bran, and our word for it the
COWS will always be on hand at the milking
time. Besides this, they will give more
milk, aud forget to kick over the milk pail
even il you do whistle little too loud
American Stock Journal.
Year: 1874

The skin of an animal, whether COW, calf,
colt, or horse, that dies on the farm, is worth
more at home than at the tanners. Cut it
into narrow strips, and shave off the hair
with sharp knife before the kitchen fire,
or in your workshop, on stormy days and
evenings You may make them soft by rub
bing. A rawhide halter-strap an inch wide
will hold horse better, and last longer, than
an inch rope. 1t is stronger than hOop.irOn
and more durable, and may be used to hoop
dry casks and boxes, and for hinges.


Try it on broken thill, or any wood
work that has been split Put it on wet,
and nail fast. Thin skins make the best
bag-strings in the world. A rawhide rope
is good substitute for chain. 1t is val
liable to mend broken link in trace.chain.
For some purposes it is best to use it in its
natural state. For other purposes It may
be dressed soft.
Year: 1874

plants which will overshadow the sorrel, and
thus check its growth. 1t is popular idea
that the application Of some substances will
act as a poison to certain plants, and as food
to others, but tho notion finds little to sup
port il in science or Observation-Disclosures
E~rt0er
Year: 1874

An exchange says there is much distress
in Eastern Canada owing TO the failure Of
the crops. We don Z know where tho inior-
nation came from, but We don't think there
is much of famine there yet from tho
failure of this years crops, and those OF last
year were certainly good ones.
Year: 1874

NEEDS ATTENTION. is stream OF
filthy water which flows through the gutter
on part of Dock street from near the YORK
River depot to a point opposite the snip.
Iocks Il should be removed. The street
baS been allowed to remain in its present
condition for some time, and it ought to be
remedied at once.
Year: 1874

HALL OF THE HOUSE OF DELEGATES The
Anor of the hall of the House Of Delegates
has been covered with new carpet, Wnlch
has taken the place of the dirty old rope
mating. The old speakers chair is TO De
replaced by one of modern design.
Year: 1874

LADIES CoLoRED BoRDERED DuASDKERCHIEFs,
Row fashionable, can be had in great variety at
LEVY BROTHERS. They also have large stock OF
White Hemshtcbed Handkcrchiefs at So 10 IS per
dozen and call particular attention TO lot of wide
Hemstitched Handkerchiefs at 50 per dozen that
would be cheap at 81.
Year: 1874

a There is story told of gentle
man who protects himself against pique
aud sense of injury which thieves ex-
perience when they can find nothing to
carry away BY leaving in his country
house, when he goes to town for the
winter. demijohn of fine old brandy.
A note by the side Of it explains that
there is no silver in the house, that all
the drawers and doors are open, re-
quests that no unnecessary damage be
done. and that his guests shall help
themselves to the brandy.
Year: 1874

Two of the edible dogs of China
are now on exhibition at the Zoologlcal
gardens in Paris. If it be found easy
to acclimatize them. it is proposed to In
troduce this new article of food. The
dogs in question are small and hairless
and enormously fat. They are fed sole
ly on vegetable food, and regimen wnicn
i'm parts a rare delicacy to their fiesh.
Year: 1874

The New York Sun says it looks very much
as though John Kelley and John Morrissey, who
are now running the Tammany machine were
going to try and send back to the Assembly this
fall many Of the same men who . nave 80 long
misrepresented New York city in that body.


Sunset Cox is talked of as Democratic candi-
date for Governor of New York. By the way
New York paper gives him the new sobriquet OF
Soft Soap Cox.


The Hon. Reverdy johnson is spoken OF as
the Democratic nominee for Congress in the lst
Maryland District.


There is lively storm brewing in the camp Of
the Illinois Democracy. The action OF the state
Committee in putting a platform into their call
for State Convention has excited the Ire OF the
old s.wbeel horses OF the party, who object to
having their time honored privilege Of writing
all the resolutions they please taken from them
in 40 summary a manner. Several party papers,
as well as leaders like ex-Oongressman Richard
son, have protested in no gentle way.
Year: 1874

PRIVATE REWARD OFFERED FOR TAyLoRs ARREST


THE GOVERNOR URGED TO JOIN IN ANOTHER


REWARD.


The friends OF the murdered Robert A. Mackey
have privately offered to the Philadelphia detec-
tives reward to work up the case and cause the
arrest of Taylor. Every effort is being made by
the Mackey family to bring the murderer to JUS
tice.


As stated in the COMMERCIAL, yesterday, a
telegram was sent to Governor Ponder. asking
him to meet the two brothers at Dover, but as
the trains did not connect in the evening, the
meeting was postponed until this morning, when
both brothers went down ON the train, where
the Governor had promised to meet them. 1t is
their intention to join the State in offering a
large reward for the capture of Taylor.


No further clue as to the whereabouts of
Taylor has been obtained up to the present
writing.
Year: 1874

Mouton still withholds his promised state
ment from the newspapers, and there are no
new developments in the Brooklyn scandal. The
end is, however, felt to be fast approaching, and
there is some consolation in the fact that the
utrid mess will soon be removed from sight.
Year: 1874

The following compilation of business law
is worth a careful preservation, as it contains
the essence of a large amount of legal verbs
age:


A note made on Sunday is void.


Contracts made on Sunday cannot be en-
forced.


A contract made with a minor is void.


A contract with lunatic is void.


A note obtained by fraud, or from per-
son in a state of intoxica.ion, cannot be col
lected.


1t is fraud to conceal fraud.


If a note is lost or stolen, it does not re.
lease the maker; he must pay it, if the con-
sideration for which it was given and the
amount can be proven.


Notes bear interest only when so stated.


Principals are responsible for the acts of
their agents


Each individual in partnership is re-
sponsible for the whole amounts of the debts
of the firm, except in case Of special partner
slip.


Ignorance of the law excuses no one.


The law compels no one to do impossi.
bilities


An agreement without consideration is
void.


Signatures made with lead pencil are
good in law


A receipt for money is not always COM
elusive


The acts of one partner bind all the rest.


''Valuo received" is usually written in
note, and should be, but it is not necessary.
If not written it is presumed by the law, or
may be supplied by proof


The maker of an Accommodation" bill or
nfa (On g. IL L. L.. j
sideration, having lent his name or credit for
the accommodation Of the hoIder) is not bound
to the person accommodated, but is bound
to all parties precisely as if there was good
consideration.


No consideration is sufficient in law if it
be illegal in nature.


Checks or drafts must be presented for paw
ment without unreasonable delay.


Checks or drafts must be presented during
business hours but in this country, except 10
the case of banks. the time extends through
the day aud evening


If the drawee of draft or check has
changed his residence, the holder must use
due or reasonable diligence to find him.


IF one who holds check as payee or
otherwise, transfers it to another, he has a
right to insist that the check be presented
that day, or, at farthest, on the day follow.
ing


A note endorsed in blank (tbe namo of
the endorser only written is transferable
by delivery, the same as if made payable to
bearer.


The time of payment of note must not
depend upon contingency. The promise
must be absolute.


A bill may be written upon any paper, or
substitute for it, either with ink or pencil,


The payee should be distinctly named IN.
the note, unless it is. payable to bearer
An indOrsee has right Of action against
all whose names were on the bill when he
Year: 1874




If, when the debt is due, the debtor IS.
out of. the State, the three years. do not
begin to run until he returns. IF he afs
terward leave the State, the time forward
counts the same as If helremained in the
State


Except in the case of absence from the
State, the ''three years. begin when the
bill or account is due. In case Of note il,
demand, they count from the. time of the
demand.
The statute of linitation does not void
or cancel the debt. but only provides that
no action in the law may be maintained after
q given time. The statute does not affect
collsteral security.


An oral agreement must be provided by.
evidence. A written agreement proves
itself. The law prefers written to. oral
evidence, because of its precision.


No evidence may be introduced to con.
trddict or pa'y written contract; but II may
be received in order to explain il whom such
contra ct is in need of explanation.


Written instruments are TO be.construed
and interpreted by the law according 70 the
simple, customary and natural meaning of the
words used.


The finder Of negotiable paper, as Of all
other property, must make reasonable efforts
to find the owner before he is entitled to ap.
proprite it for his own purposes. If the find,
er conceal it he is liable to be charged with
larceny or theft.


Joint payees of bill or note; who are
not partners, must all join in an endorse.
ment


One may make note payable to his own
order and indorse it in blank. He must then
write his name upon its back or across its
face, the same as any other iudorser.


After the death of holder of bill or note
his executor or administrator may transfer it
by Endorsement
Year: 1874

party notified


The loss Of bil on not, y not suissiehl
excuse for not giving hoffts Of protest.


The holder of a note msy give notice Of
protest either to ali previous endorsers or
only to one of them in case of the latter
he must select the last endorser: aud dc
last must give notice to the last before him
and so on Each endorser must send t,5>
tice the same day or the following. NeitiIer
Sunday or legal holiday is to be counted in
reckoning time in which notice is to be eiy>
en-


1t two or more persons as partners are
jointly liable on a note or bill, due notice
to one of them is sufficient.


If a note or bill is transferred as security.
or even ass payment of pre-ezistiDg debt,
the debt revives if the bill or note be dis
hoDored.
An indorsement may be written Oh the
face or back.


An indorser may prevent his own IiabiI-
fty to be used by writing without recourse"
or similar worda.


All claims which do not rest upon seal
or judgement must be sued within three years
from the time when they arise.


Part peymeut of debt which has passed
the time OF statutory limitation revives the


S"u claim hoIos goOo Tor
another period of three years from the date
of such partial payment.


A verbal promise to pay, made without
condition, is generally held as sufficient to
revive claim. otherwise shut odt by the law
of limitation.


If debtor owes several debts, and pay
sum of money to the creditor. he has the
right to designate the particular debt to
which the payment shall apply, and the
creditor must SO appropriate it.