smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1875

of the day and hour, and will be for every
day and hour between this and the final
vote in November next, which is to decide
the fate of the negro within this Union and
of the Union as bound for veal or woe
with the negro; which is to decide
whether the dream of the New England
Pilgrim or of the Southern cavalier is to be
finally realized in the New World. If any
attempt is made by the Republican party to
evade the issues as thus joined, the party
will be beaten. The anti-slavery wing of
the party must lead the fight, if the party
is to win the field. As Wendell PAillips
truly says: 1.-The Republic an par ty without
it's radical element is a minority party"
To which l add that the Republican party
with its radical element aroused, is not
only a majority party but an invincible
party; and furthermore l add that the true
representative men of this radical party
are the Southern Republicans, and among
these the manly, determined negro should
take his place in the very front of the
ranks. B.
Year: 1875

A pitcher OF iced and we'll favored punch
reminds us of the successful fair in progress
at Grunewsld Hall for the benefit OF the
Touro lnfirmary. As is the custom with
our Hebrew friends, this, Friday, night will
be devoted to worship, but tomorrow even
ing the fair ones will again entertain at the
fair
Year: 1875

NASHVILLE, January 7-Governor
Brown in his message urgently recon-
mends repeal of the act authorizing
the conventional rate Of interest of ten
per cent. In conclusion he says: "Per-
nit me to express my congratulations
that unlike the Legislative assemblies of
one of our sister States, you have been
allowed to assemble peacefully, and to
perfect your organization without in
timidation; no military force surrounds
your capital or drives from their seats
the rghtful representatives of the peo-
Pile. The edict of petty tyranny does
not here avail to disperse the State Leg
islature, yet the immunity from such an
outrage Just now, has been made the
more conspicuous by the spectacle of
Louisiana; trampled under foot and deS-
titute of her liberties; if we may credit
reports that reach US through the daily
press, and which seem to have the sane
tion of official authority, the power of
the national government through it, mil
itary arm is being used for the subversion
of all the liberties the people of Louisi-
ana have II right To hold dear. Possibly
it is not in your power to do more than
interpose solemn and earnest protest
against this glowing crime yet, if this be
all that the Representatives of so valor-
Gus State as Tennessee may do. | trust
that your protest may be made with such
emphasis and earnestness as to arrest the
attention Of every patriotic citizen in this
Republic, and awaken the people every
where. to sense of the danger that
threatens our constitutional liberties.
Year: 1875

COLUMBUS, January Gov. Allen
has Just sent the following message to the
General Assembly, which was referred TO
the Committee on Federal Relations:
To the General ASsenlbly


! desire to call your attention to the
grave circumstances of the interference Of
federal troops in the organization Of the
legislature of a sister State. If the re-
ported action of the military, in unseating
persons claiming to be members of the
Louisiana legislature, and giving their
places to persons contesting the
same is true, and is legal and
and proper, then the same interference
would be legal and proper here and it
seems to me to be the duty of the represen-
tativcs of the people of this State to at
once enter vigorous protest against the
action that may be- made precedent at
some future time for the overthrow of
Civil Government Now, if there is u
a law warranting the settling of contested
elections cases in State legislatures by
the use of Federal troops, then in my
judgement you should request It's imme-
diatcly repeal; if there Is no law for 1t,
then your indignant protest should be
heard. at most insisting upon such action
Of Congress AS will prevent in the future
such fragrant outrages against civil lib
grtV
Year: 1875

with just dry hay enough for waddiug, and
not let them out Of the stanchions until time
TO slaughter, as they need no water and will
have too soft aesh 10 exercise. The beef 30
made will be tender and juicy. My way to
feed them is this: Roll the pumpkins upon
clean floor and bat we'll with spade, To
loosen the seed, which will fall out when the
pumpkins are cut open, and not be eaten by
the cows, which is very desirable point to
gain, as well as to save them for the next
crop.


This is the cheapest way l know Of TO
raise them As soon as the frost is out,
take a six.tined fork and dig holes about as
big as a bushel basket, 10 waste places, about
fences or among rocks or stumps. Some
times an orchard is used for the purpose
About the 18th or Goth of May throw the
dirt back, with a little manure put in with
the seed, and good crop is generally the
result. The long, sweet variety is prefera-
Bile. We have raised some this season that
weighed forty pounds. We always plant
them with corn, and have known large crops
raised with potatoes. A dairyman need
not fear Of growing too many; they make
rich milk and 6t the COWS we'll for winter.
7. @. NARAMoRE.
Year: 1875

Our correspondent at Hsverhil makes
good suggestion in regard to fall plowing
for the potato crop. fhe would also spread
and harrow in the manure in the fall it Is
possible that he would get even better crops
than he does. The best crops we have ever
raised were upon land where the manure
was narrowed in in autumn and cross
pag~sa in spring. The food afforded by the
manure becomes diffosed through the soil
where it is available for a quick, steady
growth and is reached by the roots just as
soon as their greedy mouths are opened for
food. Manure, which il applied in spring
would injure the quality Of the tuberS may
be applied in autumn with good results.
Long manure is best for potatoes. The more
straw and litter mixed with it the better,
especially for spring application.


In recent visit to the pleasant home and
farm Of Col john B. Mead, Of the Vermont
board of agriculture, he showed us one Of
True's potato planters, which cuts and drops
the seed, also the fertilizers, and covers them,
doing the work well.


The potato crop is an important one. Tho
efforts of experimenters, such men as Pringle,
Brownell aud others, are working n great
improvement 10 the potato. And yet the
average crops are very small compared to
those of former days. If we can, by better
system of culture applied TO the old or new
varieties, add fifty, or even twenty-five per
cent to the average yield, the crop will pay
better than coru.


The selection Of varieties has become a
matter of considerable moment. The farmer
who raises potatoes for market finds that he
must have varieties which are not only
hardy and productive and ripen at the right
season, but they must suit the CaPriciou'
taste of purchasers. The day when one
sound potato is as good as another is gone.
Year: 1875

pure strains desire 10 check the production
Oc eggs until they are worth two or three
dollars per dozen for Matching or selling, how
long will II be before the useful qualities Of
the various breeds Of fancy poultry will be
bred out, and their capacity to improve
common poultry destroyedH wal our cor
respondent throw ray Of light into the
darkness in which we gropei


We are not to be understood as casting
any imppiation upon the great value of pure
breeds Of fowls. On the contrary, we be.
lieve in blood in poultry as in quadrupeds,
for improving the common stock. We raise
pure bred poultry on small scale for use on
The farm, and We are open to conviction tha.
"breediug to feather as practiced is not au
unmitigated humbug.


If all breeders Of fancy poultry we're as
jsdieious in management, and as honest and
reliable in their sales as Mr. Mex cen, the
business would hold greater promise Of use.
fulness than il does.
Year: 1875

In your paper Of October Is, brother
farmer inquiries how to grow potatoes. AS
| succeed sometimes quite well, it may not
be amiss to give him my way. want my
ground plOwed in the fall. and in the spring
l put on from eight to ten cords of barn
yard aud stable manure to the acre. Let it
be spread nicely; am particular about
that aud then we'll plowed in, but not more
than four or Eve inches deep. Mix with the
earth as well as possible with the harrow,
and then harrow as long as narrowing will
make the ground look any better.


If the land is level mark with marker
rows two feet and ten inches apart and only
two inches deep. Cut your potatoes SO as
to leave only two eyes in piece aud put
one piece in hill, the bills from eight to
twelve inches apart. BE careful in cover.
ing not to put on the hill anything that the
young sprout can not pass through.


As soon as the potatoes are out of the
ground be ready with your cultivator and
stir the ground as well and as deep as you
can without disturbing the hill much. Guilt
vate again in one week and as soon as your
potatoes are four or FIVE inches high plow them
with spade plow passing the dirt around
the potato, but be sure and not cover it uT
as anything that troubles the stalk above
ground Injuries the coming crop. Pass with
the hoe and complete the work. Take out
all the weeds and make narrow, pointed
bill that the sunlight and air may not be too
far from the potato when it commences to dC
its work. 1t is good plan to pass through
the field with hoe in hand in duh weather il
haying to uproOt any weed that has out.liveC
the former hoeings.


All that farmer can do is to make ever,
effort to grow good growth Of tops
In good seasons they will bottom well
in poor seasons Of course they don't d,
as we'll, but you must get good growth o
tops to get good potatoes.


In digging put the tops down between tn
rows, and as you dig the hill cover up tn
tops to enrich the land for next year.
would not have man dig in my field 70
nothing if he would not cover up his tops.


Change your seed as often as every tw
or three years, and as rule get your sec
as near the potato ball as you Can, if it hn
been planted long enough to be we'll d.
vsloped. G.


HaVerhal, N. II.
Year: 1875

Iu reply to your correspondent, who in
quires about machines for husking corn,
will say that we have Philips spiral corn
husker at work on our farms, and it does its
work in very satisfactory manner. 1t is
used with a common horse power, and husks
the corn from the stock as drawn from the
field, at the rate of from forty to sixty bush
els per hour, 1t will pick every ear from
the stalks, large or small, hard or soft, and
husk it in q workmanlike manner. The
machines are built very strong and will last
for years, being nearly all iron.


The time is not far distant when every
neighbOrhOOd will have one to do its husk-
ing, doing away with the slow aud tiresome
way of husking by hand. We should be
glad to show the machine to any one, and
feel convinced that they will agree with us
that 1t is great labOr-saving machine fol
the farmer, and one soOu to come into
general use. H, II. Il j. X. CARR.


Otord, NJ H., Oct 20.
Year: 1875

Mr. 7. 9. Peters, an experienced breeder
Of sheep advises owners Of Merino sheep
to breed for fue long staple for combing.


The fabrics, as had OCCASION to remark
tho other day, now worn by male or female,
are manufactured from combed wool, either
in worsted or delaine--whioh is another
name for worsted, for all delaine wool must
6rst go through the combing process before
it is fit for the web As l suggested last
spring, the best wool, all other things being
equal, is the yeArling, and if there should be
any, of whatever breed, which will exceed
three inches in length of staple, it will do
for the comb, and by sorting the flock at
shearing, much good combing wool might be
saved out. Fully one-third Of the material
put into the stuff goods and hosiery manu-
tactured at Bradford and other great manu-
featuring enterprises in England, is cotton,
which can only be successfully mixed with
wool by means of the combing process. At
least nine-tenths Of all the wooden fabrics
worn in this country and in warmer
climates, IS worsted in some shape.
The cheapness of production has some
thing to do with the demand, which
is constantly increasing, and with the demands
of climate, shapes the exigencies Of fashion
In the last twenty years one can hardly
realize the improvements which have been
made in this and the European countries in
the various fabrics now worn and used by
all classes Of people, thanks to the results
of the study aud comparison made through
the great National ExpOsitions. If it were
possible to hold a continued Worlds Fair
In some place easy of access, the benefit to
mankind would be beyond comprehension.
There is no danger Of growing too much
cOmbing and delalne wool if grown for a
particular purpose.
Year: 1875

What shall we do with them to get the
best returns l will state how l manage,
aud hope TO draw out others through the
FARMER, which not only seems the most
appropriate, but really has a better claim
on us farmers in Vermont for its support
than any agricultural journal that comes
within the borders of our little state, 30,
brother farmers, let us who are taking IL do
our level best to introduce it into every far.
mers family in the state, and urge its sup
port, for it is labOriDg hard for our special
interest, without fear or favor from other
classes and here lot me say that the FARMER
Is the paper we should advertise our business
in. A few dollars paid for advertising will
sometimes bring very satisfactory returns.
inserted an Advertisement of stone and
stump extractor in il few weeks ago, and
IL is bringing me- swams Of letters from
different parts Of the state, all Of which
prove that the FARMER is patrODized by a
class Of men that look we'll to their interest
for the extractor is the cheapest and best
means of placing boulder rocks into wall, oil
pulling cOmmOn.sized stumps, that is reasons
bly, within our reach.


| see | am wandering from my subject
believe ripe sweet pumpkins to be th'
cheapest food to fat old cows with at tn.


season of the year. Feed all they will eat
Year: 1875

Half Of the prejudice against The use Of
pork as food arises from the custom Of feed
ing swine on all the odious filth on the
farmers premises, and so far as that practice
is indulged IL is valid objection to the use
Of pork. The Detroit Tribune says in relation
to the subject.


II there is any one thing in rural practice
which needs reforming more than another,
it is the manner of raising and feeding swine.
From the time they are large enough to eat
they are offered all manner Of refuse about
the place, such as rank weeds, filthy slops,
spoiled vegetables and meat, dead fowls, etc.
They are allowed to rummage the dung-yard,
and CLEAN the refuse Of food in the fieces Of
cattle and horses, on the ground Of economy.
But we imagine that the quantity Of food
saved in this way is very insignificant
to exceed the value Of bushel of shelled
corn year among the whole stock on an
ordinary sized farm. The objections to the
practice of keeping swine in this way are so
serious, however, that the reasons in favor
of it have no force at all.


The origin Of trichinosis in swine may be
always traced to the consumption of vile
stufs in their food, or to be housed and
yarjed amid filth and foul air. Every few
months the press announces a case oftrichiu8
in an individual or q whole family, with all
the horrible details and sufferings which
attend the parasitic attack. Only lately some
new cases are reported here in the West,
which are alarming. We are quite sure that
nd H.. anA
fatteus a pig will only need to have their
attention called to so important and serious
matter to secure complete reform in the
practice Of feeding an animal which will
take whatever is offered to it, and will live
in the most filthy holes. .a.


On the farm the swine should have clover
pasture, and for swil only milk and corn
meal, no dish-water or meat scraps from the
table, as they are sure to putrefy and poison the
mass in the barrel or tank. Pure water with
little meal added is preferable. The dish
scraps from the table to the poultry, while
they are fresh. Spoiled meats should be
buried or mixed with composted material (;
they should never be given to any domestic
animal. Large numbers Of swine are fre-
quently confined in small quarters with very
little regard to cleanliness or pure air. OF
course, some of them will lose appetite, the
FIRST sign of the arrangement Of the organs Of
nutrition and assimilation. They do not
thrive, but they are kept along till slaugh-
tering time, and are dressed and packed
among the lot. Such animals are extremely
liable to be infested with trihcina and other
parasites, and those who consume them as
food expose themselves to sickness, disease
Of lingering nature, and to death in most
horrible form.


Interests. therefore, as dear as health and
life require a thorough reform in keeping
and feeding swine. Let their food be as
pure as that which other animals consume.
Let them be kept in clean quarters and
have pure air. Let diseased or unthrifty
animals be separated from those in health,
and We may have no fears of trichinosis
among either swine or human beings.
Year: 1875

A conspicuous cause Of the low tone Of
the health and morals of the people may be
found in the impure air Of poorly ventilated
living rooms, heated by air-tight stoves.
The vitiated air in tight room occupied by
several persons daytime or nighttime is bad
enough, but when to the impurities from
respiration and the exhalations from the skin
is added an iron stove, burning up the life
giving oxygen Of the air, it is wonder that
people live at all. A person whose lungs
are delicate experiences a sense of suffoca-
tion after few minutes in such an atmos-
phere. When the half.vitalized blood reaches
the brain, his head feels as if it would
snap.


There is no way of warming house so
favorable to the health and long life of its
inmates as the old Fireplace, with its aud.
irons, and open throat taking away with the
smoke the CarbOnic acid gas SO fatal to life.
But the cost of fuel puts the indulgence in
these beyond the reach of most people.


The furnace as commonly constructed and
managed is 6rst-class generator Of foul
gas, as we'll as a great consumer of fuel.


So far as our own observation has ex-
tended, the two best and most healthful
methods of warming are by steam radiators
and the soapstone stove. The former for
those who have the means to afford il leaves
little to be desired, The sOapstone stove is
within the means of all. These stoves have
a light skeleton or frame Of cast-iron, into
the grooves of which panels of polished soap
stone slip. and fit tight. There is also a
lining of the same material. They are octag'
onal in form, and have hinged top which
opens to admit chunks Of wood as large as


the inside of the stove. A very meritorioui


feature of these stoves is their capacity fol


keeping fire long time. A good chunI


of wood that Is we'll on fire when the draft i


closed at nine or ten in the evening will burr
slowly all night, and in the morning goo'
bed of Goals is left and comfortable tenn
perature Of the room. They retain heat
long time after the FIRE is low.


1t is possible to have with these stoves
! small, slow fire in moderate weather. 1t
4 a well finished aud tasty looking stove, suita
bic for any room. Their point Of great valu
. is the exemption from the burning Of the all
They give a mild, summer-like temperatur
: and tone to the atmosphere which is not ODl
!. very grateful to the feelings, but eKceedingl
9 favorable to health. We have had thss


stoves in constant use in our family for th
Year: 1875

manure in mixed farming consists in the
fact that il becomes an incomplete fertilizer,
in consequence of the too general practice Of
sellings crops without restoring to the soil,
in some suitable form at least, their ash
constituents. And this is serious objection.


There are two ways by which barn-yard
manure may be made complete fertilizer
for any crop, and these are; 10 restore the
soil constituents sold in the farm produce,
either by buying and feeding rich food in
addition TO the fodder crops raised, or by
securing sufficient amount of plant food by
using commercial fertilizers Which Of
these courses is most economical, canoot
well be decided on general principles, beyond
the statement that the first course seems to
be safest iu mixed farming while the second
course deserves careful consideration in the
cultivation Of special crops.- Scientific Far
Year: 1875

The importance of supplying absorbants
ia stables and protecting manure heaps from
teaching by rain and snow is not we'll UNDER
stood, and is not faithfully observed by more
than few who know that it is important.
Those who read the extract from Prof Goess-
mans lecture in another column can form
very close estimate of the amount Of loss
wheu the liquid excrement is suffered to
run off through the floor or wash out in rains.
If to this loss is added that of the soluble
portions of the solid excremeuts which is
lost by teaching, it is not difficult to give
one reason why farming does not pay.
Year: 1875

We desire to acknowledge the many ex-
pressious of confidence and good will in and
toward the FARMER, which we have received.
They are gratifying to us as they commend
tho work Of our hands and of our associates
on the paper. 1t Is our purpose to make
au agricultural paper worthy of the conf
dence and patronage of farmers if we pos
sess tho ability to do it. 1t is safe to prom
ise that our best efforts shall be given to the
work. If our readers are pleased 'with the
result of our labors, there are two ways in
which they can make an agreeable assurance
of the fact, by sending us something for tho
columns of the FARMER, or by showing the
paper to neighbOrs and others who may
thereby be induced to join our ranks.
Year: 1875

October and November are critical months
for farm stock, more especially young ami
mails. They lose condition, aud they lose
the strong vigor and tone of the system,
which are Of more value than condition,
before farmers are aware Of it, The feed is
short and Of poor quality, much of it having
been frOst-bitteu. The cold nights aud
driving, autumn storms are a heavy trial Of
the endurance of animals. These causes COM
bined often have serious effect in reducing the
animal before there is any perceptible loss to
any but critical eye. Any animal that
falls away at this season, is likely to enter
into the trials Of winter with health aud
strength impaired, and that means a thrift
less winter.


1t is necessary to keep bright lookout
for young stock Of all kinds. They have not
the yigOr and stamina possessed by the older
ones. A great part of their food is demanded
to supply growth, and consequently less !
available tc provide force to resist exposure
and hardship. They must have extra foOC
and good, accessible sheds to shelter then
from inclement weather. Extra food viii
not keep them thrifty, if they are obliged t
lie out in all storms aud through frost
nights. And shelter will not effect the sam
end without plentiful food. They must hav
both. Lambs should be kept where the
can have little grain every day. We ar
feeding lambs at the rate of twelve quarts t
Ahundred lambs, Of prOvender, composed 9
corn and barley cracked, whole oats an
wheat bran, in nearly equal parts by meal
urs. Il is surprising how they grow an
how strong and rugged they are.


Calves likewise, and colts need the sam
Year: 1875

Since our note on charcoal as fertilizer,
we have asked Prof Collier to give US an
answer to the question of l.. Il. l.. Prof
Collier states that the enormous bulk Of
ammoniacal gases absorbed by charcoal
unite with the oxygen in the coal and are,
by slow process of combustion, burned up
and lost. He can conceive OF crcums stances
in which the use of charcoal as top-dress-
ing would, by absorbing the ammonia in the
atmosphere and holding it where available
for plant food, be very valuable fertilizer.
And he is inclined to the opinion that spread
ing upsp the surface is the best method oI
application. 1t is indestructible in the soil