Year: 1874

asunder. AS the trees will grow and
flourish and bear as abundantly for
number of years at q less distance than
thirty feet, it might be both economi-
cal and profitable, if the trees for
planting are not too costly, to plant
the trees only twenty feet apart, and
subsequently as they grow and over
shade the ground, remove one-half Of
the trees and make new orchard, or
sell them, as might be most desirable.
With care, orange trees can be sue
cessfully taken up and carried a con-
siderable distance and replanted, after
they have come into bearing, without
loss of more than two crops.


In transplanting from the nursery,
where, to force the rapid growth in
height of the young tree without re-
gard to the girth of the bole, they are
cultivated in such close proximity that
neither lateral branches or roots can
grow, the tap or vertical roots should
not be cut or broken, and the hole in
which they are to be planted should
be deep enough to admit these roots in
their former or natural perpendicular
condition. The lateral roots should
not be deeply buried, but should be
near the surface, so as to receive the
neat cOIulluulCdLeu W tue sui ny lut
sun.


With regard to the season of the
yearfor the transplanting of the orange
tree with the least check to its growth,
there are reasons for doubling the
more prevalent practice of transplant
ing late in the Spring or in the early
part of the Summer The best time for
transplanting the orange, as well as
other trees, being when the trees are
at rest, or in that condition most nearly
approaching state of inactivity.
While the circulation of the sap is the
least active, and when it is descend
/ ing rather than when the ascending
current predominates. The roots of
tree cannot be separated from the soil
without destroying large number OF
their spongioles, and the damage sus-
tanned by tree in the process of trans
planting, is in proportion to the num-
Der of spongioles it loses in the opera
ton. If tree is taken up when it is
at rest, when the circulation of the
sap, if not suppressed, is languid and
the flow to the roots predominates, the
loss of the spongioles will be less hurt
full, and new ones will be soon formed
by the descending sap; while if, on
the other hand, the tree is torn from
the ground when the spongioles are
strained to their utmost capabilities
by the heavy and constant draft made
on them by the leaves, every pore of
which is distended in the work of alb
sorption and exhalation, and while
the upward flow is largely in excess of
the downward flow, and the sap pro-
viders suddenly diminished in num-
ber, their connection with the source
from which their supplies are derived
severed, the tree must receive shock
from which every part Of the organic
system must suffer, and great exhaus-
tion of the tree will ensue before the
supremacy of the downward flow can
be secured and new rootlets with their
spongioles formed and its connections
with the soil re-established, so as to
furnish sufficient supply of sap for
| its laboratories.


1t is not improbable that prac-
tical orange culturists may have
reached an erroneous conclusion
as to the best time for replanting from
an error in their mode of planting out
an orchard. 1t is not unusual in the
replanting of tree to plant the roots
much deeper in the ground than they
originally grew. If an orange tree,
the roots of which require, in this lat
itude, all the heat they can obtain
from the sun, should be taken up in
the Fall or Winter season, and instead
| of being replanted at the same depth
in the soil which it previously occu-
pied, should be buried much DEEPER so
that the roots received no warmth
from the sun during the Winter and
not until the heat of the Summers
sun had penetrated the soil down to
where they had lain buried in the cold
for so long period, it would not be
surprising if the tree should suffer
more by the operation than if it had
eemained in its original position until
| the soil in which it is destined to have
| its roots buried had acquired some
warmth from the late Spring and
early Summer sun.