Year: 1879

use or for market, and especially where they cannot have their liberty, depends wholly upon good management, and upon strict compliance with numerous essential though simple requisites, any of which being omitted, only partial success at most can be obtained.

 Some give due attention to many of these requisites, and, for the want of necessary facilities, thought or informa- tion, omit others. For instance, one complies with all the essentials except warm, dry house, yet wonders why his fowls do not lay in winter; while another builds good house, but with north ern aspect, or omits ventilation or clean liness, or perhaps has the ventilation so arranged that the fowls are com pelled to roost in constant draft: and he cannot imagine why they have colds, roup, etc. The house of another has no windows, and the owner, ignorant of the great benefit of the suns rays. wonders why his fowls seem to prefer being almost frozen to death out of doors, rather than resort to a warm Cbut dark) house in daytime. Another over- crowds, which, with want of cleanliness. is most frequent cause of disease and failure,

 Another so over-f his fowls that they get too fat, cease laying, and be. come diseased; while another fails to provide the natural requirements which they obtain for themselves when at lib. erty. Another neglects the supply oi clean, fresh water, and complains that his chickens are afflicted with the eapes. Another is unable to hatch more than three chickens out of a dozen eggs, sim. ply because the nests are not made on the ground. Another hatches chickens so late in the season that they produce nothing until whole summer, autumn, and winters expense has been incurred in feeding them. Each one of the above either fails en- tirely, or only obtains to limited de- gree of success, and each in his turn comes to the erroneous conclusion that fowls do not pay. But we confidently assert that a few simple rules will, if properly observed, not only insure un- failing success, but that fowls, even when confined, can thus be made to pay better in proportion to their cost than any other class of domestic animals, and that the "bad luck" we so frequently hear of is simply bad management.

 A CHEAP IoE HOUSE.

 An ice house simply to keep ice for summer use may be very simple affair. If straw is used for filling, the walls should be at least two feet apart. The interstices should be packed tightly, whatever the material used. Straw is one cf the poorest non-conductors, easily obtained, and sawdust one of the best. If tan is used, from ten to twelve { inches space between the walls are left to be filled.

 Two by four inch scantling are SC. curely fastened to bed pieces in two regular lines, and about two feet apart, and of the required distance asunder re- quiredlf the filling material. To these rough boards are securely nailed. A house twelve feet square and twelve feet high will hold plenty of ice for family use, and for an ordinary family dairy. No ventilation is required except at the top, over the ice. The roof may be boards and the gables may be of the same, with 8 window at each end fol ventilation. Doors must b made at one of the sides or end to allow the ice to be put in, and afterward be closed and filled with tan bark. The bottom must be provided with perfect drainage to al low the water from the melting ice tc pass away. The first course of ice may be laid on boards, loosely laid on beams placed closely enough together to pre-. vent sagging. Pack the ice in perfectly square cakes, as closely together as possible, and even with the plates Cover with eighteen inches of slough hay, or twelve inches of fine wood shavings, and the ice should keep per fectly. Have no part of the ice house under ground. Any competent carpenter should be able to build it. If cooling room is required under the 1ce it will be altogether better to apply to an archi teot, since it will involve a very strong and substantial building, with scien. tic ventilation that can not be well explained in the limits of newspaper article. In fact, except rough build. ing such as we have described is to be built, and such a one will keep ice as we'll as the best, the work must be un- dertaken by professional builder. A rough icehouse may be built by any one who can lay foundation square, build vertical sides, saw boards square, and drive nails.

 For dairying, or for farm use we dc do not advise an expensive building with cooling room underneath. An ample refrigerator, according to the quantity of goods required to be kept cool, may be cheaply built, and temperature kept down by the use of ice from the ice houss.-Prair5e Farmer.

 1 TRANsPLANTING IN OCTOBER,

 October is decidedly the best month for transplanting all deciduous trees and shrubs, from the 38 deg. of latitude north-and during the first week to the last, dependent on the latitude. South of 3S deg. in the United States, Novem- Der to the fore part of December is the best time. The reason why this is so, is because thus early in the autumn, the soil being still warm, the roots begin growing at once, and keep on all winter, except where the ground becomes fro