Year: 1877

AGRICULTURAL.

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 ORCHARD AND NURsERY.-What, is now . bender, quick growing Ssprout. will in October be a strong woody branch, and perhaps branch just where it is not wanted, and which must be removed by the use of g saw or a strong knife. At the right time, the shoot could have been rubbed off, and . not only the trouble of removing the branch avoided, but the useless growth would have been directed to parts where it was needed. Some one has called this "Anticfpative Pruning" and it Is really that. If one has a careful eye to his young trees, he can, by rubbing off a bud or shoot here, and pinching a shoot there, so direct the growth that by the. time the trees come into bearing they will be of proper form, and very little work will be required of the pru- ming saw and chisel. ..- ..-,. =. Pruning.-If large limbs are to be re- moved from neglected trees, this month or next (according to the locality-at any rate, when the spring growth is made and the leaves have attained full size and substance) is by many preferred { for the work, as wounds now heal rapidly. Cut all large wounds smooth with a drawing knife, and cover with shellao varnish, melted grating wax, or thick paint.

 Z Crafts set this spring must be looked to, and if shoots start from the stock, to rob them of nourishment, rub them off, It is often the case that one bud on a cion will start and make a vigorous growth of 8 single unbranched shoot. which will be whipped about, and likely to be broken by the winds. The growth from graft should be treated as if it were young tree planted in the ground, instead of the wood of another tree, and properly shaped by pinching the ends of the too rapid growing shoots. G..laEa As to Cufculios, there is but one way with. them thus far known. After hun dreds of experiments by careful men, , with every proposed medication, appli- ication and botheration, nothing but catching and killing is of the slightest use. Some Of them may be caught by s smoothing the ground around the trees, and placing pieces of board here and there; those that hide under these boards may be caught and killed. Still, many go upon the trees, and these must !. be jarred of early in the morning, o caught on cloth and killed. 9 Borers do not breed in the tree, as '5 some suppose. Every borer in the trees went in. The parent, winged insect, E laid the egg on the bark, the little borer D matched out, at once bored it's way into the tree, aGd there it will stay until it # comes out as perfect insect, or is cut out, or is punched to death ill the hole. But please observe, no patent stuff that is to be laid in the crotch of the tree, no m hof m V n n no s'invigorator, ; or anything that you apply to the soil to be taken up by the roots and thus poison4t the bofer, will be 3 of any earthly use. While you are fuss ing with such treatment, the borer is quietly at work, perhaps stopping now and then to laugh at the folly of the F performance. Cut with knife and punch ; with wire. t-.-s.9 r ? The slug, so called, but which is really a caterpillar, will appear, especially on the pear and cherry leaves, and unless p checked, often makes sad work. It is a dark. green, leech. like creature, that 0 leaves a slimy trail. Stacked lime, q dusted from coarse bag at the end of a pole, will soon end 1t. In dry time fine dust from the road may be thrown into the trees with good effect.

 

 much or. tooF fast Work slowly until all the salt is thoroughly and evenly absorbed. If the salt is not evenly : absorbed the butter will not be of uni form color. Working it too fast will destroy the gram and the butter be- comes sa1vy and lard-hke In its texture. 7 Let it stand or put. it away in the tray for twenty -four hours. Then work it enough to remove all the buttermilk or surplus brine so that the butter may become dry or like a piece of cheese. Mold into rolls, then set them away for "A hours or until they become hard and firm. The cloth should now be put on, so as to cover one end while other is left open for the stamp. The cloth should be cut In pieces of exact size and dipped in brine and the butter rolled when the cloth is dripping wet. But ter should never come in contact with the bare hand. When in bulk it can be easily handled with a ladle and flat paddle.

 URo-PNEUMoNIA.-The first symp- toms of pleuro-pneumonia seldom at- tract much attention, and the disease steals on without manifesting any great violence. The animal appears dejected and when in the field separates itself from it's fellows, often getting behind a wall, hedge, or other shelter to keep it out of the wind. AS the disease pro- gresses it becomes uneasy, loses its ap- petite and stops chewing the cud, the si eyes appear dull, the head lowered, the nose stuck forward, the nostrils ex' banded, and the horns and skin art warmer than common. With failure ., of appetite for food the thirst may con tinue. In cows the milk falls off either gradually or altogether. It is seldom that the first process of the disease at tracts attention. When, however thu pleuro or lining membrane of the wind pipe, or the bronchial tubes become in named, loud and harsh cough is !; never failing symptom. .--....-