Year: 1869

Government and invested it with Ger
tain powers, they themselves agreeing
to do certain things which were clearl,
within the scope Of tier souereiga power
Tn order to maintain this Union, in or
der to preserve the Constitution, it il
necessary that every agency o
this complicated machinery--tbe Gen
eral Government, the States United anC
States severaIly-should perform the
functions attached TO them by the Con
stitution. t."s


Now, sir, what force of arms car
compel State to do that which she has
agreed to do} What force Of arms can
compel State to refrain from doing
that which her State Government, sup.
ported by the sentiment of her people.
is determined to persist in doing ? Il
is provided in the Constitution that "the
citizens of every State shall have all the
privileges and immunities Of the sever.
raj States What force of this Fedora
Government can compel the observance
of that clause, if State is determined
to pass and execute laws whereby citi.
zens Of other States shall not have, With.
in its limits, the same privileges as its
own citizens ?" 20 a.


=" Full faith and credit shall be Civ.
en- in each State to the public acts and
judicial proceedings Of every other
State How will the Federal Govern
ment, by armies and arms, enforce the
observance OF that clause in The Consti
tuition, it the judiciary, and executive
authorities ofa State, supported by the
laws, refuse such faith and credit?


'''No State, without the consent Of
Congress, shall lay impost or duties on
imports Suppose State should pass
such a law, and the citizens were willing
to execute the law, what army could
prevent it?


"'No State shall without the consent
of Congress, enter into any agreement
Or compact with foreign power |
wish to know from any gentleman what
number of men it would require TO
annul such an agreement once made &?
The General Government is invested
with certain powers necessary to be
executed in order to keep the machinery
of the Government in motion Can any
number Of troops, or theu Of any
armed force on the part Of the State
compel the General Government TO ex-
ecute those powers If the agent APP
pointed for that purpose deliberately,
persistently refused TO execute them
Sir, the whole scheme fcocrcion is imprac-
hcdble; Il is contrary to the 9snius and
spirit Of the Consultations" @


Mr.. Pendleton again says:


"Sir, the enforcement of your laws
within a seeding State, in opposition
to its will, is coercion of that State, ,and
coercion by armed force is war These
terms, collecting the revenue, senforc-
ing the law maintaining the Union,'
captivate our people. They smack Of
law and order, to which our people are
very much attached. They are not
unknown in American history. Our
fathers heard them used in the same
tone and spirit, and for the same pur
pose as we hear them now. In 1868,
when the colonies were rejoicingat the
repeal of the stamp act, Charles Town
send, then member of Lord Chatham's
cabinet, pledged to concilation and
peace, rose in the House of Commons,
and declared that it was expedient to
collect revenues from America, andthat
hewould himself bring in bill to ac-
complish that result, His declaration
was received with tumuItuous shouts
of applause" .l ..


Mr.. PendletOn says further:


"My voice to-day is for conciIiation;
my voice is for compromise; and it is
but the echo of the voice of my consti-
tuents. beg you, gentlemen, who
with me represent the Northwest; you
who with me represent the State Of
Ohio; you who with me represent the
City OF Cincinnati--I beg you, gentle
men, to hear that voice If you will
not; If you find Cancellation impossi-
BILE; if your differences are so great
that you can not or will not reconcile
them-then, let the Secedmg States depart
IN peace; let them establish he,r government
and empire, and work out their destiny
according to the wisdom which God
has given them"


And lastly, from this same speech,
we give Pepdleton's tender farewell to
his Southern brethren, which has al
ready become historical. The champion
of peace proclaims: ....


Peace may preserve this Government
peace may reconstruct this Union
peace will preserve friendship and give
us opportunity for acts of reciprocal
kindness and good will If these
Southern States cannot be conciliated,
and if you gentlemen cannot find it in
your hearts to grant their demands; if
they must leave the family mansion,
would signalize their departure by to-
kens of love. l would bid them fare
well so tenderly that they would for
ever be touched by the recollection Of
it; and If, in the vicssitudes of their
separate existence they should desire
to come together with us again in one
common Government there should be
no pride to be humiliated, there should
be no wound inflicted from my hand
to be healed. They should come and
be welcome to the place they now oc-
cupy.