smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1861

The Columbiad or Psixhau pronounced
pay -zah) is large gun, designed principal


y for firing shells--it being Car more accu-
rate than the ordinary shot mortar.


A mortar is a very short cannon with's
large bore, some Of them thirteen inches in
diamiter for firing shells. Those in use in
our army are set at angle of forty-fve de-
grce5, and the range Of the shell is varied
by altering the charge of powder. Tho
shell is caused to explode at just about tho
time that it strikes by means of fuse, the
length of which is adjusted 10 the time of
to be occupied by the ball, which of course,
oriesponds with the range. The accuracy
with which the time of the burning of fuse
can be adjusted by varying its length is
surprising; good artillerists generally sue
ceeding in having the shells eplode almost
at the exact instant of striking. In load
a morter, the she'll is carefully placed with
the fuse directly forward, and when tho
piece is discharged the shell is SO complete
ly enyeloped with fame, that the fuse ia
nearly always fired The fuse is made By
filing wooden cylinder with fuse powder
the cylinder being Of sufficient length for
the longest range, to be cut down shorter
for shorter ranges as required.


A Dalhgren gun is an ordinary cannon,
except that it is made very thick at the
breech for some three or four feet, whom it
tapers down sharply to less than the usual
size. This form was adopted in consequene
of the experiments of Captain DaIhgren,
Of the United States Navy, having shown
when gun bursts il usually give way at
the breech. The Niagara is armed with
these guns, and at the Brooklyn Navy Yard,
there are sixty, weighing about nine thous-
sand pounds each, and six of twelve thous-
and pounds weight each, the former Of
which are capable of carrying nine-inch,
and the latter a ten-inch shell distance
of two or three miles; and there is one gun
of this pattern which weighs fifteen thous.
aud nine hundred and sixteen pounds, aud
is warranted to send an eleven inch she'll
four miles.
A easement is a stone roof to fort made
sufficiently thick TO resist the force of can.
non balls, and a acasemate gun is one which
! is placed under easmate.


| A barbetto gun is one which is placed on
the top Of the fertilization.


An embrasure is the hole or opening
through which guns are fred from forti6-
cations


Loop-holes are openings in walls to Ere
musketry tbrough.-'Scieatifc American
Year: 1861

We, the people of the Confederate States, each
State acting in its sovereign and independent char
acter, in order to form permanent federal govern
ment establish justice insure domestic tranquility
and secure the blessings Of liberty to ourselves and
our Notwithstanding the favor and guidance Of
Almighty God--do ordain and establish this Consti-
tuition for the Confederate States of America.
Year: 1861

CnANoEs OF BEING KILLED IN WAR
Marshal SAKE, high authority in such
things, was in the habit of saying that to
kill man in battle, the man weight in
lead must be expended A French medi-
cal and sulgisal gazette, published at Ly.
ons, says th,s fact was verified at Solferino,
even with the recent 6 eat improvement in
firearms The .Austrans fred eight mil
lion four hundred thousand rounds. The
loss of the French and Italians was two
thousand killed and ten thousand wounded.
Each man hit cost seven hundred rounds,
and every man Killed cost four thousand
two hundred rounds The mean weight of
balls is one ounce; thus, we 6nd it requires,
on an average two hundred and seventy
two pounds of lead to kill man. If any
of our friends should get into a military
fight, they should feel great comfort in tho
fact that seven hundred shots may be fred
at them before they are hit, and four thous.
and two hundred before they shuttle OF
the mortal coil"
Year: 1861

/. The Senate of the Confederate States shall be
composed Of two Senators from each State chosen
for six years by the legislature thereof at the regu-
lar session next Immediately preceding the COM
mencemeut of the term of service, and each Sena-
tor shall have one vote.


2. Immediately after they shall be assembled in
consequence of the first election they shall be di-
vded rs equally as may be into three classes. The
seats of the Senators of the first class shall be va
| Gated at the expiration of the second year of the
second class at the expiration of the fourth year and
of the third class at the expiration of the sixth
year; that one-third may be chosen every second
year; and if vacancies happen by resignation, OF
ether wise, during the Of the legislature of
any State, the Executive thereof may make tempo
rary appointments until the next meeting of the Le-
gislatnre, which shall then fill such vacancies
g. No person shall he Senator who shall not have
attained the age of thirty years and be a citizen Of
the Confederate States; aud who shall not, when
elected be inhabitant of the State for which he
shall be chosen


L. The Vice President Of the Confederate State.
shall be President of the Senate, but shall have nc
vote unless they be equally divided.


s. The Senate shall choose their other officers
and also a President pro tempore in the absence o.
the Vice President, or when he shall exercise the
Office of President of the Confederate States.


6. The Senate shall have the sole power to try al
limpeachmeuts. When sitting for that purpose they
shall be on oath or affirmation. When the Presi
dent of the Confederate States is tried, the Chief
Justice shall preside; and no person shall be con
vcted without the concurrence of two-thirds of thu
number present.


7. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall mo-
extend further than to removal from Office and dis
qualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor
trust or profit, under the Confederate States bu
the party convicted shall, nevertheless be liabl
and suhe TO indictment, trial judgment and pun
ishment according 10 law.
Year: 1861

l. Each House shall be the Judge of the elections,
returns and qualifications of It's own members, and
majority of each shall constitute a quorum to do
business; but smaller number may adjourn from
day TO day, and may be authorized to compel the
attendance of absent members in such manner and
under such penalties each House may nsOvide.
2. Each House may determine the rules of its
proceedings, punish lis members for dsorderly con-
duct and with the concurrence Of two-thrds of the
whole number expel a member.


;. Each House shall keep a Journal Of its pro-
ceedings and from time to time publish the same,
excepting such parts as may in their Judgment re-
quire secresy, and the yeas and nays of the mem
bers of either House any question, shall, at the
desire Of one-ffth Of those present be entered on
the journal


A. Neither House, during the session of Congress
shall without the consent of the other adjourn for
more than three days, nor TO any other place than
that in which the two Houses shall be sitting.
Year: 1861

l, The Senators and Representatives shall receive
compensation for their services To be ascertained
by law, and paid out Of the treasury of the Con
federate States They shall, in cases except trea-
son. and breach of the peace, be privileged from
arrest during their attendance at the session of
their respective Houses and in going to and return
ing from the same; and for any speech or debate in
either House, they shall not be questioned in any
other place.


2. No Senator or Representative shall during
the time for which he elected, he appointed to
any civil office under the authority of the Confede
rate States, which shall have been created or the
cmoluments whereof shall have been increased
during such timei and no person holding any office
under the Confederate States shall be member OF
either House during his continuance in office. But
Congress may, by law, grant to the principal officer
in each of the Executive Departments a seat upon
the floor Of either House, with the privilege of dis
cussing any measure appertainingto his de2artmsnt
Year: 1861

l. The judicial power of the Confederate State
shall be vested in one Superior Court and in suct
Inferior Courts as the Congress may from time L
time ordain and establish. The judges. both o
the Supreme and Inferior courts, shall hold thei
offices during good behavior, and shall, at state
times, receive for their services a compensation
which shall not be diminished during their con
tinuance in office.
Year: 1861

It Is probable that on account Of the blockade Of
Southern ports, by which the supplies Of the re-
bellious districts will be almost entirely cut off and
the imposition Of new duty, well IS the gener-
al arrangement Of business, the imports into the
United States during the coming year win fall short
Of those Of preceding years and it would be graft
flying If this diminished consumption should result
in reduction Of its price, that virtually the cof>
fee planters would be compelled TO share with rs
the burdens Of our war.


The great coffee producing country Of the world
is Brazil where its cultivation was not commenced
until IVA and where even in lSO8 the annual crop
did not exceed 100000 psurds. But its growth
there has increased with rapidly only equsled BY
the increase Of the cotton crop in country, and
its present annual production il about 400 900 goo
pounds The following is Of the latest estimates
OF the total production Of the world
Year: 1861

Can YOU Mr. Editor te II why it is that so many
professed Christians so eager to spill the blood
of brethren


Good men that one year ago could rot bear the
idea that a man should be put to death. though his
hands were dripping with human gore are o-day
clamorous for the blood of thousands of unolIend-
ing citizens.


They stand in anxious waiting for the lightning
fash to tell them of the thousands slain, and
hsar possibly the groans of the dying.


Your Christian (!) town, boasting its half score
of steepes had its pious representatives gazing on
the late scene Of blood and carnage, and shouting.
&C Lord, Thy will be done ~ smiling the while
upon the writings and distortions of the diving and
the dead.


They have so far forgotten the example of their
Master. and in their mad zeal for blood iorsaking
the spirit OF His religion, that they rejoice over
the bereave father and sorrow stricken mother,
the fond sisters sigh, the shocking lamentations
of the brekcn-hcarted widow as she presses to her
heaving bosom the tear-bedewed pledges of M. tn.
al love.


We are horror stricken at the thought that the
flndoo mother should drown her child in the Gan
ges to placate the wrath of her Deity or that the
widow should offer up her life upon the funereal
pile OF her husband as religious duty, but smile
at sighs and tears f"wives brought to an un,mely
widow-hood and chii lren to premature orphan
age" and for what


To satate our evenScful hate of brethren of
common SAVIOR.
/ No wonder the common civlities Of life are dis
regarded by these bloodthirsty would be followers
of the meek and lowly Nazrene.


The following resolutions was offered a few
weeks since in the council of religious denomi-
nation met proicssedly to advance "Christ's
kingdom earth ~


Resolred That we will use all audablc Dears to
bring the impending collision of arms TO a speedy
termination without the sacraice ofanother human
life


Whereupon vindictive speech was utter
ed by one member with some warmth, when n
second speaker arose aud said " he was opposed
to the passage of the resolution until JEFF. Da.
Wis and few other traitors were shot or hung :"
and moved TO lay the resolution on the table.


1t was tabled by such overwhelming vote
that me mber exclaimed amen''
! 30 you see that III the very sanctuary OF vindic-
tiveness that cannot look upon Consolidation in
any form, and the man that does advocate the
peaceful settlement of existing difficulties is
kindly admonished to beware of his personal
safety.


! The cry is for blood. Blood must flow from
human hearts in torrents to clot IN the valley like
lava at the base of Vesuvius, before the crime of
differing in opinion can be cxpiatcd-N. Y.
Union
Year: 1861

RErLY.--A correspondent asks a reply to the
following question:


Do you think that in order to be a loyal citizen,
a man must favor this war


We reply. No it is war that even a loyal citi
may deprecate there must and will be differ
enccs of opinion as to the causes which have led
to tie war; ; but while Government, with great
unanimity IN Congress, resolves to exert its
strength in putting down the armed rebellion by
the sword, the Democratic doctrine teaches that
all men must be obedicnt to the laws and regula-
tions of the Government. by whomsoever admin
istered. A loyal citizen may question the wisdom
must sustain the Government -Freemans Jour.
nal
Year: 1861

The friends of Hon Mr. Ely, member of Con
gress from one of the New York districts are
greatly exercised in relation to his case. The
gentleman was enc of the many civilians who
went from Washington to witness the battle of
Manassas, and while on the field captured by
the Coniederates. with numerous other prisoners.
lie is now securely held at Richmond, and IL con-
sidered "A valuable prize. OF course the Confede-
rates will not consent to exchange him for one
of less standing and Importance than member of
their own Congress, and as the Federals have not
as yet taken any captivcs of that denomination
the prospects of MIR. Ely's early release do not at
present seem very fattcring. On these terms
there are half dozen of our Congressman
whom we might consent to see in the same kind of
iurance, if so extreme n measure were necessary
TO prevent their aboninablo mischief making in


the legislative halls
Year: 1861

TIE RIVER "A report was current OF the
street yes.-rday that the river was open ~ far
as Burlington, but it is probably unfounded.
At this point it 10 rising rapidly -Auscatine
journal.
Year: 1861

The Fire King boys are making .
strong effort to raise funds enough 10 p. ocure
. bell for their Engine House. Property hold
ers in the vicinity should look TO their own
thing along.
Year: 1861

We indebted Mr. BRowN the genemany telegraph opera
this place. for the following dispatches which received last
night up IL o'clock


By dispatches will be that the which has
long been rife Charleston has at last eliminated in WAR The
rebels will now treated different they ancpa
ted They have brought down vengeance their heads The
country waits with beathess anxiety know the result of this
tack We believe the Government sufficient for the emergency
Without further remarks give the dispatches:
Year: 1861

o d E R FOR p PLAN X SIDE W L K


Sept 9TH, IS6l.-And now it is hereby ordered
and directed by the Common Council of the city of
Evansville, that the owners of all lots parts of
lots fronting on. or adjoining the east side
Mary Street, between Seventh and Eighth sts., in
said city, the sidewalks thereon to be brought
TO the proper grade, and that they side
walk of class number to be laid down thereon
within thirty days from the publication of this or
der. p. BURKE, Clerk.


City Clerks Office, Sept. 18th, 1851. sopl3
Year: 1861

ORDER FOR PLANK SIDEWALK.


Sept. z, 1S6I.-And now it is hefeby ordered an4
directed by the Common Council of the City .i
Evansville, that the of all lots parts OF
lots fronting on or adjoining the west side o I
Mary Street, between sixth and Franklin Streets,
in said city, the sidewalks thereon a. be
brought to the proper grade and that they cause
side walk of class No. 2, with wooden curb, be
laid down thereon within thirty days from the
publication OF the order. r. BURKE, Clerk


y Dffice. Sent ssepfI2
Year: 1861

Notice is hereby given te the Tax Payers Of the
City of Evansville, that have received from the
Clerk of the Common Council of said City, the
Tax Duplicate for the year 1861, and that / am
Duplicate.


My office is at No. Sc Main Street, in the Wash
ington Hotel building, second door below Third
Street
Year: 1861

FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IN PENNSYLVANIA.
While secession fires are blazing furious
ly at the South, threatening to sweep away
federal legislation, singularly enough we
have notification, effectual and complete, at
the North, from a state that claims a stand
in the front ranks Of conservatism. At this
time, the act in the free state has great
Significance, showing how extremely weak
our Federal Government is, even among
those who profess the strongest attachment
to it.


The Government, in accordance with one
of its orders from the proper authorities at
Washington, undertook short time since
to remove some large pieces of ordnance
from the Allegheny arsenal to the southern
seabOard, for the purpose of completing
unfinished fortifcatious in Texas The citi.
zens of Pittsburg and vicinity became very
much excited on receipt Of the news, and
aVowed stern determination not to LET
the guns be removed. Prominent citizens
telegraphed to Washington in reference to
the affair, and The order soas rese;nded.


Thus the Government found it impossi.
BILE to take charge of their own property,
except in subordination to the state, and
subject to the will of citizens of that state
The Pennsylvanians claimed that the right
of self-protection justified them in their null
LITIGATION, as it was uncertain whether the
ordnance were not going to a place where
it might be used against them. Therefore
they ignored law and created revolution.
] This act brings to our mind more vivid
ly the terribly disordered state of affairs il
the East, aud teaches us to be moderate
and calm in discussion Of sectional differen
cies when we find nullication both Nortt
and South. Though the Northern people
say but little and wear no cockades, YET
their course of action was as hrp and de
cided in the case above as if disunion were
the prevalent sentiment among than.
Year: 1861

RESCUE AT THE SoUTH.-Not long since,
a merchant of New Orleans named Norton
was arrested on a requisition of the Gov
ernor of Illinois upon the Governor OIL
Louisiana As the sheriff from Cairo was
returning with his prisoner in charge, upon
landing at Vicksburg, the mob there inter
fered violently and rescued Norton, and il
was only the earnest interference of the off.
GERS Of the steamer that prevented the
sheriff from being lynched.


The case, although exceedingly novel, is
nevertheless the logical sequence of the ac-
ton of the North in relation to the fugitive
slave law. 1t is notification in both cases
one is no more jusiifable than the other.
What is the remedy Simply a return Of
both sections to the violated Constitution
Year: 1861

D@- We are obliged to decline publish
ing the communication of citizen ol
Pierce county, in reference to his excellent
treatment by physician, except as an ad
vertisement, because it is for individual
benefit.
Year: 1861

B@-Read the letter by Pony Express
from our correspondent. 1t did not come
as soon as the mail, owing perhaps to de-
tention by snow or Indians. We have not
endorsed all of this gentleman's views here
tofore, but he is a strong lover of the
Union.
Year: 1861

DISPUTE BETWEEN SoUTnERNERs.- had the
pleasure, few days ago Of listening to discus
sion as animated as il was interesting, between
a couple of Southern gentlemen of this city, on
the subject Of the present crisis. Both avowed
their sentiments freely and canddly and while
they mutually deplored the election OF Lincoln
they disagreed on every other point one de-
cIared himself in favor of maintaining the Union
intact at all hazards and If necessary thrashlng
South Carolina into subjecton believed she had
fared up" without just cause or proVocation,
and should be taught lesson which she would
never forget


The other expressed an earnest wish to see
South Carolina stand firm and defend her cause
TO the last did not believe the government had
either the right or the po,oer to coerce, ana
preferred to "d--n the Union" rather than South
Carolina should bulge" an inch; cared llttie
whether she was right or wrong he was III dafy
bound to sustain her, Yrekd Journal.


We regret to say that there are lew oil inc
latter kind in this section.
Year: 1861

SLAvERY-The "peculiar institution" of the
South is the sole cause of our present national
disturbance. If slavery be really the great evil
we are taught by some to believe, peaceful inter
course of the people will best rectify it. IF pub
lie sentiment be against it, violent remedy is un-
necessary ; il will eventually sink under its own
burden. If it be just and profitable, it will con
tinue to exist in spite of the opposition of fac.
tionists, or a division of this Confederacy. Abo-


ition fanatcism is not calculated to give freedom
to the slave, or limit the extension of the insti-
tuition. Force, when applied to its extermina-
ton, whether through the ballot box or the bay
onet, is not half so effective speedy as social
intercourse of kindly feeling, or an interchange
of kindly sentiment. Better let it alone.
Year: 1861

SENSIBLE TALK.-What hopes, exclams the
Lyncbburg prginian will perish with this great
republic When the spirit of freedom is again
driven out to be weary wanderer Ger sea and
land, where can she hope to find rest And II
we, unfaithful to the great trust committed to us,
shall destroy our nation and its Liberties, when
can we hone to restore them? When the sun
goes back on the dial Of Ahaz! Then they may
be ours once more! We shall search the pages OF
history in vain for a parallel to our folly and in
vain seek through all the records OF national hui
initiation, degradation, and final overthrow, for
An event so stupendous in results as those that
will follow the dissolution OF this Union and the
extinction of American nationality.
Year: 1861

BlTING OFF THEIR Own NosEs.-It is stated
that the South Carolinians have put out the lights
Of all the light houses in their vicinity, sunk some
old ships upon the Charleston bar, and removed
all the buoys for the purpose OF rendering It inn
possible for the u. S. vessels of war to find their
way into her harbor This of course shuts out
all commercial craft from foreign countries as
well as from the several States Of the Union
This of course excludes all commerce from them.
How long are they likely to live in such Il condi-
ton of affairs =? How long before the suffering
people will rise up and pitch the politicians into
the sea ?-LouisuMe Journal.
Year: 1861

DoN'T LIKE THE NAME.-The Unton's Salt Lake
correspondent writes that the officers at Camp
Floyd have become so thoroughly disguised with
the name of Floyd that they have resolved on
changing the name to that Of Crittenden, and
have submitted the change in name TO the War
Department for approval.
Year: 1861

IRIsu CurGSnss.- of the sharpest tricks
We have heard of being played IT. these parts
was that Of an Irshmau of our acquaintance,
It certainly relieves the Yankees from tho obi
um of driving all the hard bargains.


Pat took the job from a prominent parson of
filing up portion of his grounds with earth
Pat was to receive six dollars day for the ser
vices Of himself, horse aud cart, till the job was
completed, and the parson agreed to furnish
his son to help Well, Pat tried the experiment
Of killing two birds or moro with one stone
lie took cellar to dig in another part Of the
town, and was to reeeive six dollars n day for
himself, horse and cart in doing the job. But
the cream of the joke is, Pat hired the parson' 5
son out to the cellar owner at two dollars and a
half day and pocketed the money himself
Pat, thus had mighty "fat ttIe;' he dug the
cellar and filled the parsons lot at the same
time, making twelve dollars day, and then
aided two fifty for the labor of the Son- II
the people don't -let up on the Yankees now
there's no justice in the world.