Year: 1867

than advantageous TO find oneself in presence Of
distinctive features and 10 endeavor to trace the pr
mary causes OF their difference For example, the ira
Weller would see that In France IN Paris particularly
Iron largely employed IN building whilst In England
and tho United States it is less and differently
used. II s necessity that c,mpels the employment
OF iron for this purpose In France because wood SUIT
able for building purposes Is excessively high priced,
aud the timber formerly growing the banks OF the
rivers has been exhausted Further the police regula-
tons in limiting, for sanitary reasons the height OF
houses as we'll as OF their rooms force the architect
construct the floors with little thickness as possible
In the construction OF engines and rails has made
progress almost surprising Imagination which tho
natural consequences OF employing material ready at
hand and easily worked In France iron Is absolutely
substitute oil for carpenters work In France the fronts
Of houses not constructed either of sheet or cast
iron, but wrought or rolled iron for tho
usual timber work almost exclusively cast iron being
retained for the pillars columns


All the roofs OF the railway termni at Paris are made
OF iron and ono OF the wonders of this capitalists
tra Market not yet hnished-is entirely composed Of
iron. excepting brick wall some twenty feet high
dividing each department Of the four psviions THIS
Central chief market is the first great work In iron
undertaken since the system Of construction
come into use. The vast vaults and such portions OF
The building, are In iron and the immense pillars sup
porting roof as high as house, permitting the pas
Of all vehicles under It. at the same time
afordng thorough circulation OF air and keeping tho
FREQ from that mixed aud unhealthy odor arising
from vegetables meat and fish. While continuing to
In the construction OF the market large quantities
iron much OF this heavy and brittle material 10
being replaced BY plates Of rolled fastened by bolts
which permits ightness to be given the structure
very important where price and strength have to be


At the Exhibition the great gallery for the machines


Is formed by roof OF sheet iron about thirty yards
These pillars are formed by four iron piaes In tho form
OF square, Joined by bolts riveted cold. The arches
OF rolled iron which join the two parallel pillars
supporting the roof have been got into their position
without tho aid OF scaffoding, they simply spring
from the pillars, and are independent alike OF truss and
bar That part Of the Exhibition building between
this gallery and the Garden
consists Of zones. the roof OF which--composed OF
framework OF ironresls upon q Of cast-iron pill
lars hollow and mOilded about fourteen yards in
length, having an external diameter Of about nftesn
inches. The total amount Of iron used in the building
is between l4,0o0 and 5000 tons, manufactured
accord ng to models and plans furnished by the
Imperial Commission the 18th OF October last, and the
whole executed before the 10th of January


The cost OF this iron counting the expenses OF
carriage aud setting up, was about flS0 000 Now the
iron employed in the Exhibition structure is faith
fu specimen OF that ordinarily employed. Tho plates
vary In dimensions according to tho weight sup
ported, and in the form either OF simple or double
r. Those In the form of double we're submitted but
once to the action OF the rolling MILL aud he house OF
Petin Gaudet Co to whom reference has been made
for their "exhibits OF masses of Bessomer steel dis
play plates thrtyfve yards long, bent, alsO to suit
special CONSTRUCTIONS This house has further obtained
tho first great medal for the manufacture OF iron the
rough state and fully justify the choice OF
jury, who hesatet not little between /, and AUSTRIA
alleging that Austria formerly so behindhand had
placed horsef level with other nations. The same
house promises cannon In Steel TO be from
gle block OF metal which will weigh thirty three tons,
three tons the Prussian cannon shown
by Mr. Krupp which Is composed Of four parts tho
strongest being the internal porona mass Of sxteon
tons.


In order TO pass from the park 20 tho bank Of the
Seine without quitting the Exhibition a passage has
been opened to tho quay by means OF steel bridge,
which above allows tho ordinary circulation to take
place. and below affords e2ress to tho visitors the
river sdc. This bridge. In itself beautiful Is also an
object OF exhibition, but IS constructed according
dimensions, which only make II be regarded
ceptional The erection OF bridges In iron Of via
ducts for railways, has made great progress France


The manufactory at Crusot exhibits model In minin
ture OF the construction Of bridge without the aid OF
scaoldng, that the various pieces Of the structure
can bo put together simultaneously, and advanced from
each side Of river until they meet The bridge
the Seine called tho Hotel De vfk Ia constructed in
iron, and consists Of . single arch WITH q span
Of ono hundred and ton yards The distance be-
tween the surface Of the bridge to the part
where the arch rests the masonry work
the quaysome and half yards high-is not
more than two feet In height, insensbly dimn ishlng
until the centre of the archths key Of 10 in fact
attans 10 than ten inchoA Looking at this
from tho banks of the river It's lghtness
quite surprsin and becomes matter Of curiosity and
asonish ment when 1t Is remembered that only does
the ordinary trao OF the city over IL, but in
Weighing several TONS OF build ng stops Underpeath
pass the river omnibus steamers plying to tho
Exhibitop-an undertaking that would have been I'M
possible twenty years ago The investigate Of
plated igates closely associated with that OF
that both will treated together after completing
general review OF the metals employed in the ndus-
trial aria