Year: 1860




You have been very Indifferent about
these subjects you have not taken no.
tIce Oh that. 1t was only two years ago,
only By constant watchfulness and activ-
ty Of the friendly representatives Of the
free State in Congress, that the whole
protection Of the United States was not
withdrawn from the fisheries. The
shareholders don't want ice to be gathered
with frcescil hands they would rather
have it taken from the lakes and and riv-
ers of Russia. They don't want the fish
cries conducted by free hands; they
would rather take their supplies from for
eign markets. The fisheries are some.
what foreign for you, but the quarries
are not-the granite aud the marble out
Of which our capitol is being constructed
our great cities erected, someof it in your
own beautiful city. Have you any idea
of how large portion of the national
wealth is extracted from the quarries of
granite and marble and free-stone? 1t
is beyond any arithmetic to compute. -
Yet there is not a slave engaged in a
quarry in the United States. Have you
any slaves down your shafts in your lead
mines here? Not one Have you any
slaves in your coal mines? Not one
Any in your iron mines? Not one
Pennsylvania is being burroughed all
through and through in all directions,
and for the iron and coal, taken out
and fabricated There is not single
slave nor was there ever one that raised
his hand to add to that supply Of nation
al wealth. On the other hand you have
in Maryland and in Virginia deposits of
coal and iron as rich, and of gold too !;
and yet in Maryland and Virginia in
.heir iron, coal, and silver mines, the
work is mainly done by freemen.


| need not speak Of manufactures the
Afaican save is reduced to brute, as
nearly as may be, aud he is incompetent
to weave, to cast a shuttle, to turn a
wheel, to grease or oil the wheel and keep
it in motion In all the vast manufac-
turing establishments in the United
States in ali the establishments of the
forests and of the fisheries, or of manu-
factures throughout the whole world,
there is not one African slave to be found.
California rejected the labor of slaves,
and we'll she did so for if she had in
vited and courted it, her mines, instead
of Welding fifty millions Of gold per year
10 the commerce of the United States,
would be Welding nothing.


Could a man subsist in Iowa by cultl-
waiting wheat or corn with slave labor :
If not they tell us this is question al
together of economy. and that men have
no idea of Justice No man has ever
brought or ever thinks of bringing an AT
rican slave here; the reason is moral
one; that slave labor don't pay, and only
| free labor will.


Commerce is of two kinds, domestic
and foreign. The commerce down the
Mississippi and up, the commerce across
the railroads with New York, is domestic
commerce the commerce across the
ocean with foreign nations is the foreign
commerce. In New Orleans | found that
sixteen thousand men were engaged in
domestic trading on the river between
New. Orleans and the up country in the
Mississippi valley. How many OF them
were slaves Not one Ohio, Indiana,
Illinois, Missouri, Kentucky, New York,
Michigan. send the boatmen who conduct
| the commerce even Ill slave States, while