Year: 1860

~ Ine Italian question has now entered into thai
critical phase which, with prudence and persever-
ence, should be the last but one; and though the
question is now very nearly limited to Rome and its
yet unrevoted provinces, and to Naples, Sicily, or
what in geographical parlanee, is called the King
dom of the Two Sicilies, the public mind is watch
ing the result of the movement with probably more
interest than ever. Plenty of are in circu-
htion, none of them probably without some founda-
ton, but all of them having superstructures raised
thereon according with the wishes of the parties
who fabroate them.


& Two facts. however, appear to be substantated-
being that the whole of Sicily, with the excep-
tion of Messni, is in the hands and subject to the
rule of the Provisional Government which has been
established by Gen. Garbaldi the other, that the
King of Naples palsied in will, and halting between
resistance and concession to his oppressed Subjects
has declared himself convert to national and con-
stitutiona principles, and to the Sandman alliance
In fact the circumstances that accompanied the pro-
elamation of the " constitution just granted to the
people are in faithful accordance with the consti-
tutional" precedents of twelve years ago. The
constitutions" programme now issued has wide
scope; 1T seeks an alliance with Piedmont for the
mutual support and security of the two crowns of
Italy,, and contemplates results which it may tax
all the far sighted shrewdness and rmness of Count
Cayour and all the patriotism and bravery of Victor
Emmanuel to bring to naught


Every lover of national independence must feel
that the moment Victor Emmanuel enters into de-





to be the champion of a united Italy. He becomes
nothing more than one of two monarchs, the other
being the King of Naples. He personi6es no longer
the national cause of italy. He is divorced from
living nation, and bound to a decaying principle.
There fear. we think that either the Sovereign
or the Prime Minister of Piedmont-we like that
title better than that of Sardinia-wll commit such
an act of political and personal suicide. And we
are truly glad to observe that Lord John Russell
said In the House of Commons on Tuesday night
that he had received an official communication from
Turin stating that pressure was put on the Gov
ernment of Sardinia by that of France to induce the
Government of Sardinia to enter into alliance with
the Government of Naples.


Wecome to the conclusion that all the circumstances
OF the hour point to the rapid and successful com
pleton of the great Italian revolution in the estab
: lshment of an United Kingdom of Italy, under the
enlightened rule of Victor Emmanuel. The pofti-
cal and temporal power of his Holiness, the Pope,
is almost universally admitted to be nullity His
authority in spiritual matters, head of the Catho
he Church at Rome, one wishes to interfere
with.


The Parliamentary proceedings in the British
House of Commons during the past week have been
highly important. The debate upon the question
of the relative privileges of the two Houses, which
took place on Thursday and Friday, appears to US
not only SO important here, but to possess so much
interest in America to require particular notice,
which we have endeavored to pay, by making it
the subject of separate communication, which
we hope will not be too long for your columns. We
think this debate and its consequences will furnish
the materials for additional chapter in the 8 Con-
sttutional History of England whenever a new
edition of that invaluable work of the late Mr. HAL
LAM shall be called for. On Thursday night many
petitions were presented to the House of Commons
calling upon it to yndicae its privileges against the
eneroachment of the Lords. One of them was almost
unexampled for the importance of the names attach
ed to it. 1t was presented by Mr.. GLADSTONE, and
<Uac of IL
north of England, whowere estimated to represent
property to the extent of twenty millions sterling.


lIbthe House of Commons, Monday Lord
FERMoY gave notice that on Tuesday, 18th instant
unless the noble lord at the head of the Government
should give him an earlier day for the purpose he
fshould move resolution TO the following effect
That the rejection by the House of Lords of the bill
for the repeal of the paper duty is innovation on
the rights and privileges of the House of Commons
and it is, therefore, incumbent upon this House to
adopt practical for the restoration of its
rights and privileges. Mr.. D'ISRAELI wished to know
what course the Chancellor of the Exchequer meant
to pursue with respect to the resolution of which he
had given notice the subject of the equalization of
1.-THE duty on foreign paper. The CHANCELLOR OF THE
sExCHEQEUR said that resolution stood without any
Change up to the present time. In the course of a
few days, however, he would amend the resolution,
and put it in the exact form in which it would be
submitted to the House. OF course it would not be
brought on without full notice. Sir j. TRELAwNY
could not help thinking that the of the noble
lord respecting the bill was not respectful to
his party. He took that opportunity of giving
fice that, on the first occasion of the motion for
going into committee of supply of ways and
means, he would move amendment to the effect
that the House should not go into such committee
until the question of the paper duty shall have been
settled. Lord -PALMERsToN said in answer to a
question respecting the bankruptcy bill think that
bin one of paramount Importance, and shall cer-
tainly endeayor to persuade the House to pass it
this session, however long it may require the House
to sit for that purpose.


= in the House of Lords on Tuesday Lord STRAIT
FORD DE REDcLIFFE drew attention to the horrid
massacre of Christians now taking place in Syria.
In the course of his observations he said


Before he sat down he must aude to a few words
which fell from his noble and learned friend Lord Brough
ann in respect To matter which affected very nearly the
principle involved in the subject to which he had Just called
their lordsps attention The noble and learned lord
his very natural and praiseworthy zeal against tyranny
especially when it assumed the form of violation of
mainly treated it appeared to him. those great princi
pies OF international law which were connected with this
and many other subjects concerning the interests the
civilized world in manner which rather surprised him.
(Lord Redciffe) coming from such a distinguished
source He should therefore, be glad to afford the noble
and learned lord opportunity of fully expressing
! his views upon the subject.


Lord BRoUGHAM replied


With respect to an observation of his noble friend ae
cusing him of violation of the law of nations in his au-
sions to Garibald he the last who would willing


unnecessary Interference in the internal affairs of
other tions but with respect Garibald he was as
much Scilan as William LII. Englshmen with
this difference that he not the nephew of the King
Naples, nor had he married his daughter"


We last week limited at the rapid progress of con-
serratism in the opinions and practice of English
statesmen, and of those classes who give the tone
sd color to English society. We should rather re-
0ico than the contrary at this circumstance if the
Seonservatism which was limited to preserratism, or


e clinging to and protecting the indubitably good
8ings which the institutions of the country secure
~ al who live under them; but the conservatism
which We fear is about to be paramount here is not


dread OF revolution, but opposition to reforma-
ton hesitation to go forward determination to
stand still. Lord Palmerston has succeeded in
laughing his followers out of their liberalism, and
Mr.. dIsraeh has succeeded in cajoling his friends
into somewhat more of it than they bargained for.
Mr. Israeli,s and Mr Whtos;do,a oorn,aI;raor4s 4,