smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1861

that durable dark blue colOrs can be
died with logwood. They will with.
stand exposure until the uniforms are
worn out, and this should be satisfac-
tory. Such colors are dyed by several
''boiling dips" alternately in a weak
mordant Of sulphate of iron and a
bath of logwood until the proper tone
is received, then finished with a very
weak liquor of blue gals. The color
thus obtained will be as permanent as
that of common black felt hats, which
is we'll known to withstand sunlight
and rain for a long period.


A blue color can be dyed, with log
wood, upon wool with q variety Oi
what is called ''mordants." By pre-
pairing the wool with a sulphate Of
copper solution, then dyeing it in a
logwood liquor, blce color is obtained
which, when new, is not unlike that oI
indigo, but it is photogenic, and soon
fades when exposed to the action oi
sunlight. A very beautiful dark blue
can also be dyed on wool with the prus-
state of potash, the muriate Of tin and
a minute quantity of the nitrate OF
iron; after which logwood is applied
to render the tone deep and rich
However pleasing this color may
appear when new, it fades when ex-
posed to sunshine and moisture. A
mordant composed of the bichromate
of potash and crude tartar makes a
very good blue with logwoOd, but the
sulphate of iron and logwood blue is
the most tenable color. A logwood
blue is neither so beautiful nor so per.
manent as the color obtained from
alkaline indigo, still it will answer
every purpose for common army
clothing, and effect saving of at least
a million Of dollars to the country
,Scisatjfc american.
Year: 1861

Much has been written and published
in the various agricultural journals upon
the construction of barns, and so much
importance do we attach to the subject
that we feel inclined to publish every
article that we can find which contains
an idea or suggestion calculated to I'M
press our readers with the great advan-
iage of well-constructed and thoroughly
ventilated barn. In the multitude of in
ventions none has been attempted for the
puriication of the free air of heaven
Our only aim should be to give It to our
domestic animals as pure and free from
offensive and deleterious gases and odors
as possible. The following upon the sub
Iect of a good barn, is from a correspon-
dent of the New Hampshire Journal of
Agriculture:


One of the most essential requisites for
the farmer is good and convenient barn ;
vet there are many different opinions in
regard to the best mode Of constructing
them, and as there can be but one best
way, it would be well, if possible, to as
certain what that best way is. This of
course must depend in great measure
upon the use for which it is intended. A
barn finished suitable for a professional
man, who would keep only horse and
perhaps a COW, would be quite unsuitable
for a farmer, who would keep thirty head
of cattle, with the usual number of hor-
ses, sheep, sc. The one horse barn
might be clapboarded, painted and glazed
in as good style as any dwelling house,
while such finish would be much too
tight for tarn in which hay and grain
in any considerable quantity were to be
preserved. One of the most essential
things for the farmer who would have
handsome, thrifty stock, is to have his
fodder sweet and kept in the best posi-
bic manner. No one can expect that
each load of hay which he puts into his
barn viii be equally well cured; during
Year: 1861

the six weeks in which he is employed In
securing his hay. he will find the first put
in too green while the last will be too
dry. and owing to unavoidable causes ar
ising from showers and other things. he
will find but very little, if any, of his hay
TO have been properly cured when put
into his barn. Now the question ought
to be, how this mass. thrown together
while each load is undergoing a different
process of cure, can be made to afford the
most nutriment. have no hesitation in
saying that barn sufficiently large for a
good sized farm, which is made tight by
clapboarding, painting and glazing the
outside like dwelling house, however
many and large the ventilalors may be in
the roof, is the very worst kind of barn
for the purpose of preserving hay and
grain. Hay, in order to be well preser-
we'd, should always be accessible to fresh
air, especially if it is in large quantities,
and in order for that, the body of barn
should be covered with boards, iointed if
not planed, and nailed on perpendicular.
ly, leaving the joints so that in dry time
they will be open at least one-eighth of
an inch. This will secure to the hay,
however large the quantity, a good supply
of sweet, fresh air, the benefit of which
will be readily seen by the slick hair and
bright eyes of the cattle; but hay which
in any large quantities is kept in a tight
barn, will become sour and musly, and
will smoke when fed to the cattle, and
the only reason why they will eat it is
because they can get nothing better
Tho roof and eaving of barn should be
well finished and made tight. while in the
covering of the body especial reference
should be had to the preservation of the
hay and grain, as well as to the conven-
fence of the stalls.
Year: 1861

Considerable feeling was lately
manifested by woolen manufactul ers
in Boston on account of some large
orders which had been given by the
Adjutant- General U. S. A., for En-
glish army blankets. They protested
against sending abroad for such goods,
and it was asserted the mills in New
England were capable of supplying
all the demands of the War Depart
ment. This may be true with regard
to the capacity of our blanket wooden
mills, but unless our military regula-
tiOns be changed we shall yet have to
send to England for large supplies of
army cloth. 1t is we'll know that dark
cloth is the chief color required for
the coats of the officers and privates
of the army and navy, and we do not
oversight the number when we say
there are not far from six hundred
thousand men now wearing military
uniforms. The amount of dark blue
cloth for equipping half this great
host will be about four and a half
million yards per annum, allowing
three coats to each man. This is not
putting the allowance too high for men
engaged in hard warfare, especially
when it is also taken into considera-
tion that large portion of the army
must also be furnished with dark blue
overcoats. Can our manufacturers
supply this large quantity of cloth p
We believe they cannot; and we think
they have never manufactured the
finer qualities of army cloth. In
conversation few days since with a
customer clothier who frequently fur
nishes suits for many of the highest
officers in the regular army, he in
formed US they always wanted the best
cloth, such as m aintained a fresh ap.
pearance from the day it was put on
until it was worn threadbare. The
West of England blue broadcloth was
usually selected as possessing this
quality. Besides the blue coats re-
quired for our army and navy, the
officers wear dark blue trowsers, and
so do the entire cavalry. The color
of the trowsers and overcoats of the
infantry soldiers, who are clothed in
the United States uniform, is also
blue, but its tone is quite light. For
the entire annual equipment of our
army and navy in uniform, we may
safely allow one-half the quantity of
cloth for trowsers that is necessary
for coats, thus making the total six
and three-quarter million yards Of
indigo blue cloth.


Our manufacturers, we are told,
cannot obtain a sufficient quantity of
indigo to dye the amount of wool
required for one half this amount of
cloth. Never before have We required
so much of this colOring material, and
never before was the supply so limited,
the stock of the finer qualities being
nearly exhausted. A dealer in indigo
told US a few days since that he could
sell fifty cases of it for every one be
has on hand or can get. The East
India crops of Bengal and Manila
indigo were greatly reduced last year
by disturbances among the cultivators,
and the crops in South America were
unusually light. These facts and cir
cumstanccs lead US to conclude that
we shall yet have to send to England,
which commands such large share of
the worlds indigo crop, for very large
stores of indigo unless our military
regulations are greatly relaxed so far
as they relate to permanent colors.-
We have no hesitation iR asserting
Year: 1861

The Rhode Island boys at camp Sprague,
near Washington, 60 the "whole hog" on
outdoor sports, when off duty, the latest
event being pig race, an account Of
which we append The poor porker, close
ly shaved and thoroughly fabricated from
snout to tail, was conveyed to the arena in
a covered box.-Piteous indeed was the
expression of his innocent face when, un-
Gagged, he was turned adrift Unknowing
his destiny, he slowly stepped from his
prison, grunting satisfaction at release.
But with whoop ten incarnate fends
rushed madly forward and endeavorcd to
clutch his prehensible tail. Piggy, of a
sudden, awoke to a realizing sense of his
position, and darted off, uncertain where
to 60, and emitting the most doleful squeals.
He rushed here, and secuted there, having
no respect for the legs of any one, and
routing people In every direction. The
men perspiring, hot and eager, were des.
perate in the chase. They grabbed and
caught only to find their efforts futile. NJ
sooner would the prize appear to be won
than it was lost. The difficulty of the
capture was enhanced by its being allow
able only to hold the animal by his unc'
tuous appendage-any other method being
ruled out. The feat appeared impossible
but one man sublimely rose whose intellect
was adequate to the performance of the
feat. He showed himself to be the very
Napoleon of pig chasers. He scared SUI
preme at the arduousness of the task, and
watching for an opportunity threw himself
bodily on the victim, and seized his tail
between his teeth. The squealing was ter
rife, but was drowned in the shrieks Of
laughter that was undoubtedly heard in
Washington. Who got the pig? Why
a Marine. of course.
Year: 1861

Contributed to the american AgrScul


turtst by Mrs G. H.. Gildersleeve. Re.
turning from church one Sabbath after.
noon, We passed house just as carriage
was leaving the door, with q coffin on the
front seat, and two or three sad faces on
the other. Upon the low verandah stood
children of all sizes, each with another
edition of the same face, and all with
great round tears rolling over their chubby
cheeks. 1t was not the babe of that house
hold, for there could be none younger than
the one the eldest girl hugged up lovingly
in her arms, and there was not room for
another to have grown between any two Of
the group. Presently shy but sympa-
thetic child over the paling, said softly,
Don't cry any more. 1t want yours. 1t
want nobody's, cause twas left" A fash
Year: 1861

of indignation crossed the faces of the
group, and one little fellow replied quick
ly: "What if it want ours 1t han't got
nobody to cry for it but us, and we loved
it more for that" Don't say the world is
all selfshness. That there are no great,
warm, throbbiDg, loving hearts left. Don't
say there is no affection that seeketh large
return. Here was home Chat wealth
passed by, but it was blessed with treas
ure that failed not, in abundance. Though
there were many mouths, and little bread,
there was room in their bosoms for the
little outcast, and love to outlast its wall
ing life, and even tears when the gather
ing messenger came to replace the little
bewildered soul back into Paradise.
Year: 1861

Before leaving St. Louis for Jefferson
City and Lexington, to command the at
tack upon Price, Gen. Fremont wrote has
tily to friend in New York, in relation
to the charges made against him in the
newspapers, as follows:


ST. LOUIS, Sept. 26.


My DEAR SIR: leave at 8 o'clock in
the morning, and send you this hurried
note in the midst of the last arrangements
before starting. We have to contend
with an enemy having no posts to garri-
son and no lines of transportation to de-
fend or guard, whose whole force can be
turned at will to any one point, while we
have from Leavenworth and Fort Scott to
Paducah to keep protected


wish to say to you that, though the
position is difficult, | am competent to it
and also to the enemy in the field. am
not able at the same time to attend to the
enemy at home. 1t is a shame to the
country that an officer, going to the field,
his life in his hands, solely actuated by
the desire to serve his country, and win
for himself its good opinions-with no
other object---should be destroyed by
system of concerted attacks utterly with
out foundation. Charges are spoken of
when there are none to to be made What
is the object of the representation of these
falsehoods except to familiarize the public
mind to the idea that something is wrong?
Already our credit, which was good, is
shaken in consequence of the newspaper
intimations of my being removed. Mon
ey is demanded by those furnishing sup
plies. TO defend myself would require
the time that is necessary to and belongs
to my duty against the enemy. o


If permitted by the country, this state
of things will not fail to bring on disor-
der. | am an exponent of a part of the
force of the nation directed against the
enemy of the country. Everything that
is directed against me is directed against
it. and gives its enemy aid and comfort.
My private character comes in only Incl
dentally defend it because naturally
his reputation is dear to any man, but on
ly incidentally. Ohio is the foundation
of many of my acts, and will be if l stay
here, Everything that hurts, impedes, or
embarrasses the work entrusted to me /
strike at without hesitation. | take the
consequences The worst that can happen
to me is relief from great labor.


Yours truly, J. G. FREMONT.
Year: 1861

All are ready to concede that those who
have gone from the cndearments of the
home circle to the seat of war, to endure
the labors, sacrifices and perils Of a sol
dier's life, and upon whose success depend
the cherished hope of glorious govern
ment, are worthy of place in the prayers
Of the lovers of God and their country.
But who prays for them? Who prays
for The missionary enterprise, and those
who are toiling amid the darkness Of hea-


thenism to spread the light of the gospel 2
Is it tho person who contributes literally
to promote the object, or the one who do
Year: 1861

clines to heed the call in behalf Of those
who are perishing for the bread Of life Z?
The frequency and fervehcy of our prayers
is likely to be in proportion to the interest
we feel for their success and salvation.
If this is the case, those who give the most
in proportion to their means, will be like
ly to offer the most earnest prayers to
Heaven for his blessing.


We have been led to those thoughts by
the reception of four dollars, voluntary
offering from a Christian lady to be ex,
pended in religious tracts and reading to
be disbursed among our Vermont soldiers
Here is worthy example for others tc
follow. The result of such labors eternity
alone can reveal. Our recent news from
the army brings the pleasing intelligence
that on last Sabbath seven soldiers in the
New Hampshire Third Regiment received
the ordinance of baptism. Such news
will be received with gratitude by every
Christian heart. Many of those who hav'
gone from US, and thus periled their live
in this struggle, many never return
They may fall by disease in the camp, o
be slain upon the field of battle. w
should spare no pains to induce all so t.
live that life or death shall be gain t.
them.- Christian Messenger.
Year: 1861

must come home to the business and
bosoms Of us all. One was suggested
to us yesterday by one Of ours most
prominent and influential merchants,
which we commend to the reflection
Of those whose duty it is to institute
means for the defence Of the river
against hostile approach.


There are large number of tow
boats which, at the present time
might well be spared for such duty
that could be easily made available
as such a means. Properly armed,
and deck laden with bales of com
pressed cotton, they could be conver-
ted into useful vessels for harbor de-
fence, and could be brought to ope-
rate with advantage against vessels
OF war attempting to enter the riv-
er.-Picoyuuc.
Year: 1861

Federal Government should evacuate
the forts and withdraw the troops
and all other sources Of irritation
from the seeding States.


AT the close three cheers were
given for Sam Houston and three
for Jeff. Davis and the Southern
Confederacy, in which the crowd
seemed to unite. There was not the
slightest disorder or disturbance on
the occasion.
Year: 1861

Il Good S3ggcstioa--As plans for
the defence of our city and its ap-
proaches arejust now the topic OF deep
interest and consideration with our
people, every new idea for the accom-
plishnent Of that desirable object
Year: 1861

Commodore Dupont, the Gallant
Officer of our Navy to whose
Good Judgment and Undaunted
Heroism, aided by the Bravery
Of the Federal Forces, is to be
Attributed the Brilliant Vic
tory at Port Royal.
Year: 1861




A great many thousands of persons who leave this
city every season the boats that ply through Long
Island Sound have looked with admiration upon the
frowning battlements Of great fortress that occupies
the point Of land historically known as Tbroggs Neck,
which juts down from the mainland half way across
the narrow part of Long Island Sound, and in fact,
terminates the Sound for the water from there down,
among the many islands and through Hell Gate to the
Battery, is known the East River. This neck is
about hiteen miles from the lower point of Manhattan
lslaad and the fort built as gate to close all
entrance to the city by water from the eastward,
an enemy should ever enter the Sound from the sea by
way Of Montauk Point the Eastern extremity Of Long
island.


The great castellated fortifcation, upon Throgg's
Neck is called Fort Schuyler. Its granite walls show
two tiers Of port holes, and in form, all the modern
eontvances of angles and bastions to give strength
and efficiency TO the structure. The interior Of this
stronghold is finished in the most perfect manner for
two tiers of guns in casemaes and one en- 6arJette
upon the three sides fronting the water and the painted
toards, which close the portfolios so resemble the
%outbs Of cannon, when seen from the deck Of vessel
Year: 1861

The steamship Great Eastern arrived at this port
yesterday noon having completed her second trip from
England to this country in nine days and thirteen
hours The passage would have been quicker by about
half day, but for severe gale encountered on Mon
day. the 9th inst, which compelled her to abandon her
direct course for while But the average speed dur
ing the voyage appears, nevertheless, to have been
very nearly what she was originally intended to ac


compsh, and what has always been expected of her
by the build ,rs If the ship should continue in the
Atlantic service rapid passages may yet be made


The necessity sOy changing her coarse on this voyage
Year: 1861

though she was often covered with spray, was quite
impossible for any sea to overeap her lofty sides In
the evening the gale diminished, and at midnghs
nothing was left of it but clear. fresh breeze.


Tuesday passed. like the earlier days Of the voyage.
with only remniscence Of the sharp weather OF tho
preceding day. On Wednesday, thick fogs rendered
considerable diminution of speed requisite, and on
Thursday it necessary to stop altogether for sound
ings two or three times. On Friday all was clear
again. and fairer run was made At daybreak Sstur-
day morning. the shore of Long Island was visible.
boat had been expected off Montauk Point, with in


ructOns to whether the ship should proceed through
Long Island Sound or by way Of Sandy Hook but az
none met there Captain Thomson pushed on in tho
regular course, without delaying. At noon, Sandy
Hook was reached Here and not before, pilot boat
appeared The excitement on boardto seeurethe latest
home news was, OF course, irresistible. few morn
ing papers were collected from the pilot and rapidly
read aloud to groups of auditors in various parts Of the
ship The Of fresh details were not easily
derstood but the tenor of all was Of character 10
rouse the utmost enthusiasm, which was testified with
loud zeal by the Northern passengers and was hardly
to be evaded by the one or two Southern gentlemen in
opposition The low water at the bar detained the
ship which to come up to the city this morning. Tho
passengers were by ugboat nthe afternoon
and landed at about o'clock at the barge Office where
the prompt courtesy of Messrs. Isaacs, Brown, and
Archer Inspectors Of Customs, enabled them to pro-
ceed homeward with the least possible delay. While
passing up the bay, steamer Alabama, ,swarmng with
troops for the South met and salued with cheers,
in which all the energies of ten impatient days seemed
to be concentrated.


The speed of this passage may be considered as
e.. of al
from the Great Eastern. She certainly is not likely
TO travel at lower rate Mr. Scott Russell observed
just before the departure from Milford Haven, that
fourteen knots an hour his highest estimate of the
capabilities of the engines. This was, in fact several


times exceeded during the voyage, but, on the WHOLE
equal average not reached. The following
table gives the distances made each day. TIE reckon
ing is made up from the moon of the preceding day to
that to which the number is assigned:
Year: 1861

The Opinione Rationale Of Paris pub
fishes a second letter from the United
States, which is understood to be written
by no less person than Prince Jerome
Napoleon, now travelling over our country.
In former letter the Prince had spoken
disparagingly Of our preparations for war,
saying however that he held all such com
ments subject to change or correction after
he should have seen more Of our institutions
for himself This second letter is of pecul-
lar interest and we make two or three ex-
tracts.
Year: 1861



 GE~ Extract from letter to the editor from gentleman in Pope county, dated July l, 1861.

 Crops are very fine so far, in this section. Wheat has seldom been better--oats toler- abley good, and if we can have few more good rains, once in while, we will raise more corn in this county than ever before You have doubtless noticed that Pope county has not, as yet, started out volunteer companies, but we will not lag behind much longer. There are now three companies organized, and two of them under march ing orders, and the other ready to start at any time. In fact almost every man in the county would willingly turn out, to meet and repel the star spangled banner, once so much revered, if it could be done without too great sacrifice.

 Your ob't servant. w. c. H.