smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1865




close of this trial In addressing thejury, he
had said: If justice be done, as believe
| it will be, yonder sun, before its setting,
will shine upon my client free man"
| The sun was still lingering above the
western horizon when the verdict "Not
guilty" was rendered. The prisoner and
his weeping mother for a time absorbed
the attention of the auditors. Soon the
youth so Unexpectedly rescued from " the
jaws of death " turned to thank his deliv-
erer. He found him striding carelessly
up and down one of the aisles of the little
old court room, his hands deep in his
trowsers pockets. As the young man
grasped his hand and vainly sought to ex-
press the gratitude he felt, Lincoln stopped
to look through the partially curtained
window, and, his honest face revealing
none of the emotion which must have bean
yelling up in his warm heart, onietly
said -i-Just saved your distance, young
man; the sun is not quite down vet"


This scene recalls a striking remark
made by the now lamented Brough upon /
the night of the day of the Presidential
election in 1860, few newspaper men
and politicians were assembled in the Un-
ion telegraph Office, in this city, among
them John Brough, at that time Doug
las Democrat. Enough had been learned |
to make it certain that the vote of New
York would would secure Republican
triumph. Finally the wires brought the
glorious tidings from the Empire State
A gentleman turned to Brough and re-
marked: "This will be an exciting night
n Springfield" "Yes," replied Brough,
but Abraham Lincoln will be the coolest
nan in the city. know him well, and 1
will warrant that you might stick peg
'lng avn IN i-ir a--h to the handle and
'ou would not draw drop of blood"
Year: 1865

SThe experiment of making gunners for
the navy OF the contraband taken into the
service is proving a decided success. Acting
Volunteer Lieut. Rogers, of the United States
steamer Somerset, reports TO Capt. Wise, of the
Naval Ordnance Bureau, that he organized ten
Of these men into a division, and in four
months, though they had never before handled
a gun, they were proficient as any other
division on the ship. Six of these men were
originally contrabands.
Year: 1865

Gov. Brough of Ohio discusses the Agricul-
tural College question pretty fully and earnest
y in his message to the Legislature. He
says:-


"The first thing to be determined is, what is
the object or purpose of this grantP A care
ful examination of the act of Congress, it seems
TO me, very clearly solves this inquiry"


"lt is evident that the intention of the enact
ment is to institute a new and distinct species
of education one not heretofore favored, or
specially encouraged by State or national aid.


The great principle is recognized that all
wealth comes from the earth, and the labor and
the mechanism requisite to produce ti and
that whatever facilitates and increases the pro-
duction, adds alike to individual and national
wealth and greatness. Applying this principle
to the law, it is manifest


lst, That this instruction is intended 10 be
Sui generiS-of its own kind; and that, al
though scientific and classical studies are not
excluded, they are suhordnated TO such branch
es Of learning as are related to agriculture and
the mechanic arts. In other words, it is the
instruction of the industrial classes, within
themselves, and in that which pertains to their
own callings, in order that they make practical
and manual application of it, incidentally for
their own benefit, but actually for the increase
of national production and wealth.


ID, The instruction is to be plain and prac-
tical not theoretic and Nrtisticolly scientific in
its character. And this because from the very
nature of its purpose, it is designed to reach
the greatest practicable number, with the rudi-
ments of knowledge instead of confn.ng il to
the few in the long and tedious process of a
collegiate and scientific education.


Sd, 1t is manifestly intended that this in
structiun so afforded, shall he reflected upon
the great industrial interests it is designed 10
promote and that its recipients, instead oil oe, !n
coming detached from laboring pursuits, will
return to them, to make practical application
of the learning they have acquired, anG mus
expand and improve The producing capacity and
wealth of the country


We must not be lured from the practical by
,,a ,honro,;c. nor must we be deceived by the
sneeious ns declaration of enthusiasts that this
liberal donation is for the general education Of
,he the agricultural and mechanic classes. The
Year: 1865

also OF manufacturers. 1t requires more than
twice as great capital to set on foot any en-
terprise in n slave State as in free State, the
slave State farmer would not have been as fore
handed in the case we have supposed with
twenty thousand dollars, as the free State man
with half the sum.


Of course, no sensible man who is about to
invest FIVE, ten, or fifty, or a hundred thousand
dollars in an enterprise of any kind, does 50
without examining the conditions and chances
of success. But a very slight examination
would show TO a farmer or manufacturer that
he cannot afford to plant himself in slave
State unless the natural advantages of the stu
alton are uncommony great Thus we find
manufactures established at Wheeling, St.
Louis and only few other points in slave
States ; and wherever they were permanent,
they gathered at once about them a population
of free workngmen, olten drawn thther by the
temptation of greatly increased wages and
cheaper living


All this is only to say that slave labor is too
costly an investment for any capitalist who
has even a slight knowledge of business and
that, as capital is sure to be drawn to that
point where it reaps the highest returns with
proper security, and away from all regions
where its investment Is necessarily less pi oft
able, so it was inevitable that farmers and
manufacturers seeking 20 better themselves in
more favorable localities, should in general
avoid slave States, no matter how great the
natural advantages Of climate, soil or minerals
they presented. But remove slavery, establish
the free labor system, and you emove the only
obstacle to the rapid settlement and increase in
wealth of Maryland, Missouri, Kentucky, Nir-
gnia-of all the Southern States.


The vote by which the Emancipation act was
passed in the Missouri Convention will itself he
of advantage to the State. The fact that, Of
sixty-four delegates, but four voted against it,
shows such preponderance in favor of free la,
Dor as will encourage free workmen and capit-
alists to turn their attention TO Missouri, as
State where the love OF slavery has actually be-
come very nearly extinct.-N. J. Erenin5
Post.
Year: 1865

Illinois joins the procession of freedom-lov-
ing States. Nominally free, her statute book
has long been disgraced by code against the
negro not less barbarous than that of South
Carolina, and far less excusable. This Illinois
code has been known to the country under the
name of the "black laws" The Senate of the
State voted to repeal the whole of it, and there
is no doubt of the concurrence of the lower
House. So, all hail free Illinois,


1t is fory-six years since the first of the
black laws was passed. At that time there were
few slavet olders in the southern part OF the
State, and the law was for their benefit But
when, in 1915, the code was re-enacted, slavery
had scarcely foohold on Illinois soil; but it
had there, as all over the country tremen-
dous political power, and its behest was readily
obeyed by the negro hating pro-slavery fanat-
les who ruled the State. 1t was enacted that
slave or servant found more than ten miles
from home without a pass might be punished
by order of justice of the peace, with thirty
five lashes; and that any slave or servant found
upon plantation other than that of his mas
ter might summarily, for no other offense and
without legal process, be hogged with ten lash
es. All colored persons were presumed to be
slaves unless they could prove themselves IN be
free, and the law required OF every one enter
ing the State bond of $1,000 that he should
not become pauper Lacking proper certi-
ficate, he was deemed q runaway slave, and
might be sent to jail and advertised BY the
sheriff for six weeks. II during the time he
was thus confined the negro could not produce
evidence of his freedom, he was hired out for
a year for the benefit of the county treasury.
After he had been thus imprisoned and his
wages stolen for a year, he was let 90. Such
was the encouragement given to negro immi-
grafton into this "fee" State


But even this was not enough to satisfy the
devotees of slavery, and in 1868 third law
was passed, which enacted, in substance, that
If any negro or mulatto should come into the
State and stay ten days, he should be fined fifty
dollars. and sold at auction to pay it-sold for
term long enough to discharge the fine, and
if he did not leave the State at the expiration
of that term he should be sold again and so
on indefinitely. He had the option to leave
the State or stay in it slave.


Such are specimens Of the laws which to this
hour blacken the stalute-book of the State
which gives President to the Union. If it is
amazing they should have been allowed 10 stand
till now, let us rejoice the more that they are
at last TO be expunged. The sentiment Of the
State as declared by its loyal press, is over
whemingly in favor of the repeal. If there
were any doubt of legislative action, it was con-
fined TO the Senate. The House will give a
larger majority than the Senate gave, and when
it is given Illinois may without shame stretch
the hand of greeting and congratuation across
to Missouri, and without self-reproach raise her
voice to hasten the advance of freedom in Ken
tucky.-Nelc York Tribune.
Year: 1865

The air is full of the cooling of doves and the
rustic of olive boughs. Mr.. BLAIR has flown
to Richmond as Mr.. GgEELY flew to Niagara
Falls. 1t is to be seen whether the cooling OF
the one is more effective than that of the other.


So far as we can understand what the do, es
propose, it is to ascertain whether true peace
be now attainable. But how is that to be done
by unofficial visits to JEFFERSON DAVIS, and
how often are they to be made ? 10 say that
we ought to spare no effort to ascertain how
the war is to be stopped is idle, because we dc
spare no effort, and We interpose no bar. The
Government has said and repeated the terms
upon which peace is possible, Have dove,
numbers one or two any new terms to offer P


"But we ought to strive" says DOVE PARK
ER, of New Jersey "to let the deluded people
Year: 1865

avenues Of general education are open TO them
at the present time, through a large number of
public and private institutions. 1t is no part
Of the present object to detach men from the
industrial pursuits, and educate them for the
various learned professions We have been
doing that for over half century and as
result we have overcrowded the walks of the
professions, lowered the standard of profess
siona attainments and usefulness, stimulated
and increased the producing classes, all the
time overlooking and unheeding the education
of the great body Of producers in the knowl-
edge pertaining to their pursuits in life, alike
to their own benefit and the advantage Of the
State"


The Governor expresses his decided opposi-
tion to "the scheme so earnestly pressed BY
educational enthusiasts, of building up grand
institution whose professorshps shall tempt the
greatest scientific minds of the country-whose
contribution to tho grandeur of the State shall
compensate for its utter want of utility--whose
education shall illustrate and expand the alb
struse theories Of sciences, attainable by the
few, but sealed book TO the many-whose
lectures and publications. however appreciable
by the highly educated mind, will he totally
unintellgible to the honest tillers of the soil
who desire to learn in the simplest and most
practicable manner, how two blades of grass
can be made TO grow where only one was pro-
duced before"
Year: 1865




Tie Missouri Constitutional Convention pass
ed, last Friday, in committee of the whole, by
nearly unanimous vote, the fourth, sixth,
seventh and eighth sections of bill of rights,
as follows:-


The fourth section asserts that as all political
power is vested in and derived from the people,
all the government of right originates from the
people. is founded upon their will only and in
stituted for the good of the whole. The sixth
section asserts that Missouri shall ever remain
a member of the American Union, and all at
tempts, from whatever source and upon what
ever pretext, to dissolve said nation ought to
be resisted with the whole power of the State.
The seventh section asserts that every citizen
of Missouri owes paramount allegiance to the
Constitution and Government of the United
States and no law or ordinance of Missouri in
contravention thereof can have any binding
force.


On Saturday the ninth, tenth and eleventh
sections were adopted. The ninth section de-
clares that all men have a natural right to wor.
ship Almighty God according to the dictates OF
their own conscences, and that no person can,
on account of his religious opinions, be render
cd ineligihle 10 any office of trust, honor or
nrof, ;n Missouri nor disqualified from tes-
tifyinc in courts Of justice; and no person may
hv ony law be molesed in his person or estate
on account of his religious persuasion, profess
ion or practice, unless under cover of religion
he disturbs the good order peace or safety of
the State, or inhinges the laws of morality, or
Injuries others in their civil or religious rights.
The tenth section declares that no person can
be compelled to erect, support or attend any
place of worship or teacher of religion, but
whatever contracts any person may enter into
for such purposes ought in law to be as bind
ing and capable of enforcement as other con-
tracts. The eleventh section declares that no
preference can be given by law to any sect,
church or mode of Worship.


An ordinance has been introduced into the
Convention confscating the property of the
rebels engaged in overt acts OF treason, and
asking Congress to release the claim OF the
United States to oonfscate rebel property to
the State Of Missouri.
Year: 1865

SHEEP IN ORcHARDs.-After obiecting TO
the moving of orchards on account of the diff
Guilty of doing so unless the trees are trimmed
higher than they ought to be, and on account
of it being too exhausting to the soil, besides
making it uncomfortable gathering the fruit,
Connecticut correspondent of the Rural New
Yorker recommends pasturing orchards with
sheep. lie says:-


81 consider the best way to treat an orchard
after it has been seeded to grass is to pasture
it with sheep. They seem to he Just fitted for
the purpose, as they remove very little from the
soil that is not returned, they eat what apples
drop early because of worms, together with the
pests themselves, and keep the grass down
short, making it good picking up the fruit. l
know by my own experience and the testimony
of observing practical men, that trees will
thrive and bear large crops of fruit, almost free
from knots and worms, when sheep are allowed
TO run among them until the fruit begins to Ri
pen-while other orchards that have been
moved will make only small growth, and pro-
duce only second or third rate fruit"
Year: 1865

REPUBLICAN LoGIc.-The Republican
papers and speakers, With refreshing stu.
pidity, continually talk Of Constitutional
duty of the Government ito guarantee
to every State Republican form of gov
crnment;" and they urge this as an ex
cuse or justification for their policy tow
ard the South. In their view, to deny
State oil representation in Congress until
it conforms to the wishes of the people of
other States, and to deny to the people of
. State the right to regulate and control
their local affairs, is guaranteeing re-
publican form of government. No gov
ernment is republican which does not
place the negro on an equality with the
white man, they csn:sa3. How then is
it, pertinently inquiries the New Hamp.
shire Patriot, with New York? There a
negro cannot vote without owning a cer-
tain amount Of property; and he is there
fore not "equal before the law" Why
do they not demand Of Congress to cx.
clude New York from the Union until
she adopts negro suffrage, or California? ?
There is the same reason for it as in other
States the Constitution justifies it in the
case OF New York as clearly as in the
case Of any Southern State. The truth
is, the Republicans 60 upon :he ground
that might makes right and that party
success is duty. That success can tie
achieved hereafter onlv by keeping the
Southern States out Of Congress-, ar Tor
cling them to give up the control of their
affairs to negroes and Abolition camp fol-
lowers and Sollier> Of f,rtnAe and TO
that end they arc ready and determined
to use all the power and iuHucnce at their
commadd. II is not sympathy for the
negro bat love Of power aud plumber
that actua'rs them to insist upon hcStnw-
ing the elective franchise OF the ignorant
negroes Of tie South. Without the as
si>tanrc II the negro, they know they
would lose the control Of Congress.
Year: 1865

CORRECT. The New York Observer. a
religious paper, remarks that at is pain.
ful to observe what papers now ridicule,
oppose, and seek to defeat the measures
of the Government; they were the pa
pers that were loudest in making the sup
port of the Administration a test of loy-
nlty-papers that denounced every man
as traitor who opposed the measures
that the Government wanted carried
through. We have a right to ask such
papers to be consistent; to unite now
with the great masses Of the American
people in sustaining the Government in
its patriotic and noble efforts to bring
about the reign Of peace, union and fra
ternal love. We hold that man TO be
selfish seeker of bis own gain, and not
warm, large hearted patriot, who throws
cold water ON the PsGsiAezSa yS'nx IS >s
Cancellation" Nearly all the Republican
organs Of this State are throwing "cold
water on the PRESIDENTS plan of reconcil.
iation."
Year: 1865

History informs us that certain en-
peror loved a fayorite horse so much that
he had golden manger made for him
This extravaganza appears unpardcnable
in the estimation Of many, nowadays,
and yet it is more pardonable than the op-
posite extreme-meanness in the treat
ment Of the horse. In looking at the
constructions Of a very large proportion
of our horse-stables, am sometimes led
to think that the object of the builder
must have been to see how widely he could
depart from every principle of humanity
and expediency-humanity in compelling
patient and faithful animal to remain
penned up in close, dark, and filthy
apartment-e1pediency in sacrificing not
only the comfort, but the health, and con-
sequently the usefulness and value of the
animal


Light is indispensable to the plant and
to the man, is it less SO to the horse? If
it is, whyy When the tyrauts of the old
countries sought to inhict their most fear
full punishments, next to death, confne-
ment in dark cell was considered tho
most severe. 1t is reasonable that the
horse-whose native home is in the desert
and wilderness, where there is nothing to
obstruct the free ligb. of heavens it
reasonable, | ask, that he should not suffer
from confinement in our generally dark
and gloomy stables? Is it not a shame,
in land like ours, where glass enough
for moderate sized window can be had
for fifty cents, that valuable horse should
be shut up day after day in dark stall or
stable? Let every horse owners heart, if
he has one, answer!


Is foul air wholesome for plants? Ger
tainly not. Is it wholesome for men ?
Most emphatically, no If not whole
some for plants or men, can it be for
horses? The answer is as emphatically,
mol


Why then are the majority of our stables
constructed without the slightest regard
to that most important feature, yentila-
ton ? In thousands of cases, an animal,
than which none other loves the fresh air
better, is doomed to confinement for days
and nights at time, in stable, the at
mosphere of which is so foul, that man
would die in it. How many Of the dis
eases to which our horses are subject, may
be traced 70 this objectionable error
say urpardcnable, for no man possessed of
either common sense or common humani-
ty, would thus punish one of the best and
most faithful friends-the horse
A word in conclusion. Farmers if
you would nave healthy, lively, servicea-
Bile horses, give them plenty Of light
God will supply it, if you will only fur
nish the means whereby it can be made to
reach your stables.


Look to the ventilation of your stables,
if you would not have prematurcly old
and worn out horses. Depend upon il,
plenty of light, and plenty of fresh ar in
your stables, will save you many dollar
in the course C lifetime.


A Toyfrp or Hopcrc
Year: 1865

sJ Have our friends provided winter
shelter for their sheep? or are they
many of them-neglecting it as usual
and, as usual, not having the best of luck
with their sheep. Depend upon it, that
cold in addition to wet is hurtiul. You
viii see it more especially in the spring.
Shelter is feed saved strength Kept, which
would be lost.
Year: 1865

The following tou ching piece of sarcasm.
on being read by thousands we know of.
should make them feel like e1claiming--"I
AM the man."


Poor Confederate money miserable trash!
worthless paper cart load wouldn't buy u
splinter from n fence rail! not worth a.
dogonl fit for only fire!-such are the expires :
sions doled out by every onei yet singulsr
anomaly in human nature. the very men
vino abuse aud curse this money most, strive
hardest to get moss of il. and when amassed,
they hug it to their hearts and love it as
dearly as life. No parting with this trash.
1t is only fl. to be burned, they never put a
piece of rag in the fire; and it hurts them
worse to spend q dollar now than it ever did.
Whoever hears of any of those who tells US
waat dollar once was and what il is now,
who in such lugubrions tones attempt to
dopreciate Confederate rags throwing away
anything. or giving so very largely to any
benevolent object, or spending it for their
own qualification advancement? Most
curious of oil cnriosities and wonders. every
BODY crying down our money, and yet all
endeaSoring to amass every cent possible,
and permitting as little as possible to leave
their hands. It is not spent n fourth rs hber-
ally as gold and silver Was. This cant is
all humbug. If Confederate money is so
worthless and contemplate, Whist makes you
want it so badly; strive so much to make il
| and love it so dearly. We yet have to hear
OF an instance where this trash has been
| thrown away.
Year: 1865

TIE Power or HUHBUG!-An individ-
ual who owned a small tavern near the
field Of Waterloo, the scene of the last
great action Of Napoleon, was frequently
questioned rs to whether he did not pos
sess some relics Of the battle, and be as
invariably and honestly answered In the
negative.


He was very poor. and one day while
lamenting to neighbor not only his pov.
erty, but the annoyance to which travel.
ers subjected him, his friend cut him
short with: l-@ '..


swell, make one help the other. Make
some relics"


but what can l doe" inquired the
landlord.


"Tell them that Napoleon or Yelling.
ton entered you house and sat on that
chair"


Not long after an English tourist enter.
ed the tavern, and enqumcd for relics,
was told the chair story. The chair was
bought at an Incredible price. The next
was Informed that Wellington bad taken
q drink, and the wellington tumbler,""
was accordingly sold. The third arrival
gaxed with breathless wonder on the nail
on which BOnaparte had hung up bis hat
The fourth purchased the door posts be.
tween which be had entered; and the
fifth became the happy purchaser of the
floor upon which he had troddcn.


At last advices the fortunate taveru
keeper had not roof to cover bis head,
and was setting on bag of gold in the
center of a deep pit, formed by selling
the earth where the house stood.