Year: 1868

Tie Deyiunlliy Oh tne feSl0fitiOii Ot
the South. For more than two centurici
English, German and japanese farmers have
been the best farmers in the world. .rTi-
culture they have reduced to a science, ,o;
only in preserving the fertility of the soil, but
in preparing it through labor for the crop.
One acre of ground in England viii yield
three or four times more than an acre in this
country, not because the soil is richer, but be-
cause the best fertilizers are used and the
greatest economy practiced in cultiyating it.
Mind, in England, is put into matter, and
cultivating the soil upon scientific prinei
pies has become not only one of the fine arts
but one of the honorable professions, like
law, medicine or theology. Kings, dukes,
lords and cultivated men generally, are be-
slowing much attention upon it, and lectures
upon agricultural chemistry are as popular
and as interesting as those upon other sub
jects. Ride with an Englishman over cot
ton Or a sugar plantation on which forty or
fifty plows are at work, with as many men
and a hundred mules, and he viii sneer at
the work. You do not know how to plow
in this county, will be his first remark.
Flowing in England means turning the soil
completely over, opening it up to the rain
and atmosphere and thoroughly covering
weeds and grass and everything else that
will be likely to retard the growth Of the
crop. 1t is impossible in this country to get
fifty laborers who will plow alike, and in
looking at a thousand acre plantation afterit
has been broken up for the crop, one can
see as many different kinds Of plowing as
there were men at work, and the crop when
it comes up, instead of being as smooth as a
lake in calm will be as rough as lake in
storm All of this unevenness of plowing it
is proposed to remedy with the steam plow,
which will be under the control OF one WILL
and that will thoroughly conversant with
the business in hand.


The steam plow, like all great inventions,
at first is imperfect, and much will have to
be done before the mule can be discarded
with profit to the planter But with the
steam plow now in use in England two
things are proven. Engines can move over
the ground, steam being the only force, and
their own weight the only lever to act upon
the earth. Flowing by steam is the most
perfect if not the most economical method
yet found for breaking up the ground. The
success of the crop depending much upon
the manner in which the ground is prepared,
certain percentage is gained by the steam
plow over the one now in use, and as we be
come familiar with the implement other adj
vantages will soon be discovered.


But it is general principle we wish to
unfold. 1t is a well known truththat nature
never fails in her resources. If around great
cities forests disappear, coal for fuel is soon
discovered beneath the surface. Ii coal
mines give signs of exhaustion, oil wells bub-
Bile up out of the earth. If oil wells run dry,
and that source of heat and light disappears,
electricity springs to the relief Of man and
furnishes all that he desires in two foid GUAM
tity and in greatly superior quality. Force
and motive power cannot be destroyed, but
forces may be discovered by man. How
gloomy and sad our once great Southern
planters are because the slave labor of the
negro is gone. True, it is gone. and we hope
never will return. But in going, it was sim
ply the disappearance of one form of force.
The form has disappeared; the force remains.
Man, by act of will, cannot destroy force, but
by act of will can continually bring it into
light. The quantity Of force in the universe
always remains the same 1t is now an adj
mitted truth of science that it cannot be in
creased or diminished. fit disappears in
manual labor, it can be made to reappear in
steam, electricity, light, heat, OF any other
form of nature. All that it wants is the in
telligence, the wit, the brain Of man to dis
cover and apply it to practical purposes.
Female labor became scarce and high for
sewing purposes, and the sewing machine
soon appeared. Slave labor has disappeared
and manual labor has been scarce and high,
and in some sections of the country almost
worthless; steam plows and other imple-
ments driven by steam, viii soon take its
place. The sewing machine did not take
from, but added to, the wages of the sewing
girl, and to-day she receives agreater rcmu-
neration for her labor than when she worked
with the needle The steam plow will not
take from, but add to, the wages of the negro,
and in few years hisinteiligent services viii
be worth more to himself and the capitalist
than they were in a state of slavery.


All the powers and forces in this great
world, God has given man to command and
use for his own best purposes. They cannot
be exhausted; they cannot fail. Hthe rapid
vegetation Of the South cannot be kept in
check, BY the free labor Of man, man has a
right to enslave any force in nature he can
conquer and make obedient to his will. And
we venture to predict that no abolitionist
will ever arise to pronounce against theeon
plete and absolute enslavement ct every force
except the human will, that man can find to
be of practical service to him. In q few years
we predict that the steam piow will be wogii
more to the South than twenty millions G.
slaves


srEcuLAr1oNs oEsSTHE HouH,-The quis
munes have it that the return of Adnlira
Farragut at this tine iffom the command o