Year: 1862

dissatisfaction of those who are to receive the
compensation. Doubtless some of those who are
to pay, aud not 20 receive, will object Yet the
measure is both just and economical. In GER
tain sense, the liberation of slaves is the destruc
ton of property-property acquired by descent,
or by purchase, the same as any other property.
lt is no less for having been often said, that
the people of the South are not more responsible
for the original introduction of this property than
are the people of the North; and when it is re
membered how unhesitatngly we all use cotton
and sugar, and share the profits of dealing in
them. il may not be quite safe TO saw that the
South has been more responsible than the North
for its continuance. IT, then, for common OBJ
ject, this property is to be sacrificed is it Just
thatit be done at a common charger


EASIER TO PAY LARGE SUN THAN LAksEL


ONE.


And if, with less money, money more easily
paid, we can preserve the benefits of the Union
by this means than we can by the war alone is il
net also economical to do it7 Let us consider it,
then. Let us ascertain the sum we have expended
in the war since compensated emancipation was
proposed last March, and consider whether, if
that measure had been promptly accepted, by
even some of the slave States, the same sum.
would not have done more to close the war. than
has been otherwise done. If SO, the measure
would save money, anu in that view. would be
prudent and economical measure Certainly il is
not so easy to pay something it is to pay moth
ing; but il is easier to pay large sum than it is
TO pay larger one And it is easier TO pay any
sum trhen able than it is to pay it before
We are able The war requires large sums, and
requires them at once. The aggregate sum
necessary for compensated emancipation, of
course, would be large. But it would require no
ready cash, nor the bonds even. any faster than
the emancipation progresses. This might not.
and probably would not, close before the end of
the ihirty-seyen years. At that time we shall
probably have a hundred millions of people to
share the burden, instead of thirty one millions
as now. And not only so, but the increase of
our population may be expected to continue for
long time after that period rapidly before,
because our territory will not have become full.
| do not state this i,considerately


THE INCREASE OF POPULATION


AT the same ratio of increase which we have
maintained, on average, from our first ma
tional census, in 1890, until that of 1860, we
should, in 1900, have population of l03, ,20s,-
4l5. And why may we not continue that ratio
far beyond that period! Our abundant room
our broad national homesead-is our ample re-
source. Were our territory limited as are the
British Isles, very certainly our population could
not expand as stated. Instead of receiving the
foreign born, as now, we should be compelled 10
send part OF the naive OOln away. but Sucn Is
not our condition. We have two millions nine
hundred and sixty-three thousand square miles
Europe has three millions and eight hundred
thousand, with population averaging seventy
three and one-third persons to the square mile.
Why may not our country, at some time, aver
age as manyl Is it less fertile? Has it more
waste surface, by mountains rivers lakes, deserts
or other causes! Is it inferior to Europe in any
natural advantage! II, then, we are, at some
time to be populous as Europe how soonl
As to when this may be, we can Judge by the past
and the present; as to when it uiu be- if ever,
depends much on whether we maintain the
Union. Several of our States are already above
the average of Europe-seventy-three and third
TO the square mile. Massachusetts has one hun
dred and fifty-seven; Rhode Island, one hundred
and thirty-three; Connecticut, ninety nine; New
York and New Jersey, each; eighty. Also two
other great States, Pennsylvania and Ohio are
not far below, the former having sixty-three and
the latter fifty-nine The States already above
the European average, except New York, have
increased in as rapid a ratio, since passing that
point, as ever before; while no one of them is
equal to some other parts of our country, in ma
turai capacity for sustaining dense population.


Taking the nation in the aggregate. and we
find its population and ration of increase for the
several decennial periods, to be as follows