smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1865

A public meeting was held in Savan-
nah, Ca, on Saturday evening last, to
hear an address from Gov Johnson, the
newly appointed provisional governor
The subject of his speech was the restora>
ton of civil government to the state, OF
which il had been deprived by the rebelI-
ion. as condition precedent to this
restoration he insisted upon the necessity
of the citizens taking the amnesty oath,
and that being done 1t became his duty to
convene convention Of tie people. The
duty of the convention would then be to
form constitution for the state adopted
to the new order Of things" Upon the
question Of slavery and The power of the
president to abolish it as war measure
Gov. johnson said:


''Now call your attention to certain
powers Of the president and congress-
The president is authorized by the consti-
tuition to command the military forces Of
the United States to suppress insurrec~
tions and to repcl invasions. The writ OF
habeos corpus may be suspended in case
of rebellion, and congress has power to
make captures by sea ana by land. War
has existed between the United States and
the south, within the meaning and pur-
view Of the constitution; it was rebellion
too large FOR an insurrection. The
pres: dent, by virtue of his office as c. IN
mander-in chief OF the armies, had a right
to make captures-to seize horses, to take
property,-hc had a right to capture our
soldiers, to make prisoners, and to release
them on parole or not We could, under
our rights as belligcrents, do the same
thing. 1t WIS right of war; 1t follows
as legal sequence that the president had
the power to capture negro, to hold him
in custody, to dctain him whether consid-
cred as property or person. The presi-
dent acquired an authority over persons
and property, which he could not exercise
in time of peace. 1t was a latent power, a
war power; and, by virtue of this power to
com mand the armies of the United States,
he issued that proclamation as rule of
war for the purpose Of suppressing the
rebellion The slaves, upon the surrender
of our armies, were captured, legally if not
actually--in law it makes no difference
whether they were actually captured or
not-and to night, by virtue of the procla>
xlation, they stand emancipated. l stated
this to be my opinion as a lawyer, and, as
a lawyer, | state that, in my opinion such
will be the decision Of the Supreme
court.


81 could wish myself that such had not
been the case, and that the change had
not been thus violently and abruptly made.
But slavery, in any event, is gone and
gone forever, and have no tears to shed
or lamentations to make over its depart
ure."


The tone of the whole speech was con
ciliatory, and is reported as having been
well received by the audience.
Year: 1865

FROM the blchm0nd wing.


For twenty years the displacement of
the black race from employments previous
ly monopolized by them has been gradu-
ally but slowly progressing. Fifteen years
age, the military bands in Richmond were
composed exclusively of colored men
Now, and for number of years past, the
bands have been composed exclusively of
whites. Colored men were formerly the
only musicians at balls and dancing par
ties Now the German is Preferred
Some years ago white porter in a business
house was rare sight Now they are
met with as frequently as negro porters~
No one thoughto of employing white SER
wants when the men of the present day
were boy; but they are now quite numer-
ous Since the changed state of affairs
in Richmond, this substitution of white
for negro service has been progressing
rapidly, and is chiefly noticeable in the
vehicles running upon the streets. For
merly white Jehu was seldom seen in the
drivers seat. Now one seldom observes
a negro hackman. A carriage was noticed
on the street yesterday with white dri-
yer in the full uniform of Federal sold
ier. And thus VIC go. Where this dis
placement will end cannot be foreseen.
Year: 1865

The Black Repub lican, newspaper pub
lished in New Orleans, edited by a colored
man, clergyman. does not take very
cheerful view OK the success of the various
projects of negr9philists fer the regenera-
ton and elevation of the negro race, as is
shown by the following extract from his
paper:


The colored man and the white man
cannot live together in this country; they
must, and will have to separate, unless the
Congress Of the nation will give them a
place for themselves, for as it was with
Abraham and Lot, so it is with us. and
the sooner we seek a home for our rising
generation, the better it will be for us


'-Our final destiny, so far as | can dimly
see. is that in three hundred years it will
be a rare thing to see colored man in
this country Like the Indian, our race
is destined to become extinct in this coun-
try, unless we move TO ourselves.
Year: 1865

1t would much better comport with the
''mind your own business" doctrine of sen


sible life, if the philanthropists of New
England would stop bothering their brains
about negro citizenship down south, and
look at home little while. There is a
clause in the constitution which guaran>
tees the citizen Of one state all the privi-
leges and immunities Of the citizens of
other states. Now, there is a custom in
New England of having poor people
Virtue does not insure comfort, and supe


rior morals, even on the negro question


seem incompetent to the prevention OF
poor houses. 1t is strange fact that
those institutions, which are unknown in
large portions of the south, should flourish
in such quantity and quality in Massa-
chusetts and other Eastern states. 1t is
equally as strange that their regulation
should be so much at variance with the
principles of liberty We are inclined to
think that the amendment to the consti


tuition abolishing involuntary servitud,
except for crime VIII abolish great many
of those poor-houses. The custom of sell


ing he lot of town poor to the lowest bid
der for the year, and authorizing him tC
extract the highest possible quantity o


work out of the smallest possible quantity
of food through the medium of the miser


able bodies and bones of the paupers, pre-


walls to a lamentable extent in eastern
communities. Nor is this all. A citizer
of New York has not tie privilege of be-


ing poor in Connecticut or Massachusetts,
The constitution is of no account there IL
this respect Woe to the New Yorker
who relapses from self governing indie
pendcncc to the condition of seectman'
ward, an object of public charity. He
cannot even be permitted to die and be
buried where perhaps his wife and chill


dren arc buried He must be shipped of
to his native state, lest he become town
charge, and some ones rates for the yeai
be thereby increased to the amount of ten
or twelve cents. 1t would be, We repeat
it, more sensible for the people Of New
England who are given to philanthropy
for the lover of the negro slave is the
hater of the white slaveowner) if they
would devote some attention to their home
slaveries and SORROWS. There are agonies
in the poor houses of the north which hui
manity might we'll seek to soothc. For
some years past these institutions have
been neglected, while the attention of The
people has been turned to the war; but 1t
is now greatly to be feared that the poor
houses will fill up with widows and chill
dred of the fallen soldiers. Without 9th
er provision many must 90 there. 1t
would be curious to know the rates at
which the poor are now sold in the eastern
states. Can any one furnish us statistics
of this market IN. Y. Jour. of Com.
Year: 1865

From the New York Day Book


There is such a thing as asking too
much For instance, the AbOlitionists
tell Us that they are IA very sincere and
honest set of people, full of the love of
God and humanity, and they call Hcav-
en- TO witness that they believe slavery to
be the sum Of all villainies s'-a sin Of
such surprising magnitude as to be nci-
ther tolerated nor excused. Now, we
have always conducted our paper upon the
principle of extending the widest charity
to these people; for we have conceded that
it is possible for individuals who know
little about negroes TO be honestly deceiv-
ell as to the proper relations they should
hold towards the white race. We confess
it is sometimes hard to think so, particu-
larly when men preach what they will not
practice; but there are so many inconsist-
encies in human nature, that it is always
right to give the widest possible couces-
sions t. an honest difference of opinion
But there is limit to it, and in the case
of the Aboitonists, we think the line
where f0rbearaLce ceases to be a virtue
has abcu, been reached. As we have said
it is possible, doubtless, for men to sin
cerely believe that the form Of southern
society was sinful. We will concedc that,
but what shall We say on the negro sui-
frage question? Here are newspapers in
the State Of New York, for instance, whose
conductors know that negro suffrage has
been voted down by their own citizens
al.


They kno,c that if it were put to vote
now, it would again share the same fate,
and yet these very journals, while know


ing these facts full well, desire the Fed
eral Government, in violation of all law
and justice, to force this negro voting up
on the South Now we say it, and say it
deliberately, that this is pure, unadultcra-
ted, ummitigatcd scoundreiism That is
the exact name for it. There is no posi-
bility for man to be deceived upon this
point. lie knows that what he advocates
is utterly obnoxious to the citizens of his
own State, where there are but very
few negroes, and yet he proposes to force
it on a people where the negroes, in many
instances, are more numerous than the
whites, and where they might even elect
one of their own number member of con-
gress!


Other people may believe that the Abo-
litionists are honest and sincere in advoca-
ting this, and they may gravely extend to
them and to their journals the respectful
notice due to an honest difference Of opin-
ion. We shall not. We have heard
enough of this insuilerable Abolition cant.
1t is about time it was kicked out of
Year: 1865

Judge Thompson, Of Pennsylvania, in a
recent decision, gave expression to the
following noble sentiments:


"Thc writ of hobcas co'ras is the angel
of safety in civil society. No man can
now, as in oden times, be carried off at
the will ofany authority and consigned
to the cells Of dungeon to linger out life
in waiting for mercy without ii hope OF
justice. Authority must now be ready to
disclose upon the challenge of the writ of
haJcas corpus, why, and wherefore, the
citizen is held in custody, had he who de-
MES it, be he high or low, the President
of the United States, or COrporcl of the
guard, commits a dangerous offcnse
against society, unless there be a reason
for its suspension and actual suspension
Of it. Indeed, | look upon an attack of
the privilege Of the writ to be more dan
gerous than an attack on life itself. by just
the difference between an irrcparable in
jury to one and an irreparablo injury to
all"
Year: 1865

In late speech in front of the Burnett
House, at Cincinnati, General Sherman
said that in a certain room of that building
more than year ago, General Grant and
himself had met and decided upon plan:
which were afterwards carried out exactly
and which ended the rebellion. Upon
the strength Of this assertion, it is attemp
ted to be shown that Grant and not
Sherman, is the author of the plan of the
march from Atlanta to the coast. The
object, in trying to show this, is not to add
glory to Grant, but to detract from Sher
mans we'll earned fame.


Sherman himself can best reiute these
attempts at detraction He says express
" in his official report, that he submitted
the plan of a march from Atlanta to the
coast to General Grant, and that it receiv-
ed his approval He may have submitted
it at room in the Burnett House; but
this fact has no bearing upon the authori.
ty of movement that, more than any
other, fastened the conclusion of the war
1t was Sherman who originated the plan
and it was Grant who approved it Times
Year: 1865

decent society, and the men who indulge
in it held up as seditious scroundrcls, in
tent upon disturbing the public peace
They have succeeded IN bringing upon
the negro race in this country an amount
Of misery and wretchedness which no pen
can describe and no tongue relate. The
bones of a amillion Of those unhappy crea-
lures the victims of their barbarity, now
whitcn the plains of the South. Not con-
tent with tearing them from the protec-
ton of their masters, they now seek to
force them into position, where a war of
races woald inevitably occur. and by which
our country, not yet rescued from the ca
lamities OF civil strife, would again be
plunged into all the horrors of bloodshed
and suffering.


Such men do not deserve respectable
notice. They should be universally de-
nounced as scoundrels and hypocrits, for
that man is scoundrel who seeks to force
upon other States laws which he hnoacs
the people of his own State condemn
He may be honestly deceived upon many
other points, but this is one of those
cases where honest mistake is not possible
He has some personal, private, Or selfish
party ends to subserve, and the answer to
that is not argument but denunciation. =
We intend to use itagainst every person
who proposes to force negro suffrage up
on the southern States. We shall hold
them up as seditionists insurrectionists,
enemies of the public peace, as viler than
the vile If those men desire to make the
issue in our own State, that is another
matter. We shall be happy to meet them
here If they want it voted down out of
sight, let them try Ii on, as we presuric
they viii, when our Constitution is revised
in 1866, but if they do not wish the peo-
pie to regard them as the concentration of
double distilled scoundrelism, let them
stop talking about .forciny it upon other
States.
Year: 1865

1t is said that the average number Of
battles a soldier goes through is about five.
We know an old maid who has withstood
fourteen engagements, and has powder
enough for as many more.
Year: 1865

those people prescribe? DO We fully
com prehcnd that the important point is
not reorganization, but mrt reorganiza.
ton? "Do we sec, as We should, that it
is better Virginia should be governed as
territory for half century rather than
that she should be recognized as State
by the spirit Of State sovereignty and
caste which produced the rebellion?
Congress must decide the question. Let
Congress, then, distinctly understand
public opinion, Let every body speak
out. We are IN no danger Of treating
uny LoIy too severely. This country was
never yet too severe upon any citizens
bu. those who warned it Of the danger Of
iutrusting free Government to the
hands Of those who had no faith in its
principles. We arc not in danger Of Il
blood thirsty policy, but Of our old Oh.
scquious pusllauimi,y, and scntimcut-
al sophistication in which the true char.
acter and relation Of men and things at
this jancturc will be forgotten and the
country plunged into new pcriIs. Wise
men will insist at every hazard that the


lessons Of experience shall be needed,
and that the peace and welfare Of the
country shall be secured ly placing the
political power Of the rcorganizcd States


in the hands Of those only, and all OF
those, who utterly rcpudiate State sover'
cigniy.-NnrI'r'S Weekly.
Year: 1865

THE HrrornEArRoS There will be grand jubilee
matinee hero to-day, commencing precisely at one
o'clock place Of the usual hour, and terminating in
season for all the visitors TO witness the inaugural cs


tivities in the immediate adjacent vicinity Of Union
suuare The great pantomime Of Mother Goose and the
varied gymnastic and equestrian performances will be
given on the occasion. The building will be brilliantly
illuminated in the evening On Monday the Chinese
festival Of The Feast Of Lanterns will be presented for
the nrst time.
Year: 1865

ATTENTION, PosTNAsTEss.-We see that
the Post Master General is now engaged
in examining the accounts of those who
were Postmasters in the States late in
rebellion previous to the war, for the
purpose of instituting suits against those
found to be indebted to the United
States.
Year: 1865

The following memmorial to President
Johnson was prepared by a member of
the late Convection, and signed by nearly
every delegate present. Some who were
unavoidably absent did not have an op-
portunity of attaching their names to the
document.


1t is a digni6ed ard manly article, and
expresses the feelings of the Southern
people toward the late President of the
Confederate States, and we earnestly
hope may result in the accomplishment
of the object for which they memmorial
ized the Presidents
Year: 1865

PHILADELPHIA Nov. 29.-A very large
meeting of gentlemen interested in the
protection of the interests of the work
ing men of the United States, the de-
velopment of the resources of the coun-
trv, its growth and wealth and the main
tenance of the national credit, was held
in this city to-day 1t was resolved to-
organize an American Industrial League
to counteract the mischievOus designs OF
the British Free Trade League, recently
formed in New York. 1t is intended that
all American industries in all of the
States representing the interest of the
labor Of the whole country, shall be en-
braced in the organization, so as to give
an opportunity to all of those interested
to represent themselves in the League,
as it shall be finally constituted. The
meeting was adjourned to meet again in
this city on the fourteenth Of December
next, in the Board of Trade rooms. II is
expected that at that time there will he
a full attendance OF the cotton, woolen,
iron, steel, machine mandatory, and
many other interests Of the country.
Year: 1865

The following extracts are taken from
an interesting letter dated Lexington,
Va published in the New York Ners:


But the settlement of Gener-
al Lee among them is regarded as the
great event in Lexington society. L saw
the old chief on the street the other day,
dressed in a plain suit of gray, and ap-
pearing in fine health. His course since
the surrender is beyond all praise-that
modesty of demeanor and calm dignity
of bearing which have always so distin-
guished him, have shown out more con
spicuouslv than ever, while he has scru-
puously discharged every duty incum-
bent upon him as loyal citizen OF the
restored Union.


But the greatest attraction
TO the visitor of Lexington, and indeed
the Mecca to which in years 10 come
many pilgrims will resort, is the grave
of "St0newall Jackson" Last Sabbath
afternoon the burial Of member of the
Order attracted TO the beautiful ceme-
terv of the town long procession Of
Odd Fellows and an immense crowd Of
citizens. and went that l might avail
myself of the opportunity of visiting the
grave Of tue great chief whom I had so
often followed to victory.


No stone marks the spot, which Is in
dicated simply by a staff upon which
the Confederate flag once tloated; but
the wreath of flowers laid by fair hands
on the grave, and kept fresh by daily
additions, is fit emblem of the place
the hero holds in the memory OF the peo-
pie of the South. As long as true great
ness, honor, purity of character, and
deep toned piety are esteemed, Jackson
will not he forgotten. | was told that
Immediately on his arrival in Lexington
to assume his place in Washington Col
lege. Gen. Lee paid 4 visit to the grave
OF jackson, and fingered for long time
around the hailowed spot. Lee at the
grave of Jackson would form picture
Which master hand might delight to
paint
Year: 1865

BUFFALO, Nov. 29-It is stated on the
street that private dispatches received
from New York says that the rumored
news received that the Federal and
French forces had had a collision on the
Rio Grande. caused the rise in gold No
confirmation received Of the report.
Year: 1865

AT this WsrD' eeasOn, when bathing is
50 popular, 1t will be we'll to observe the
following practical hints, which we take
from the London sizpenny Magazine:


On first pluDging into cold water there
comes a shock which drives the blood TO
the central parts of the system. But i'm
mediAtely reaction takes place, which is
assisted by the exercise of swimming, pro-
ducing, even in water of low temperature,
an agreeable warmth. The stay in the
water should never be prolonged beyond
the period of this excitement. If the
water be left while this warmth continues,
and the body immediately dried, the
healthy glow over the whole surface viii
be delightful.


To remain in the water after the first
reaction is over, produces a prolonged
ehilliness, shrinking of the flesh, and q
contraction of the skin, by no means fl-
vOrable to health or enjoyment; for it is
only in water thoroughly warmed by the
summer heats, where we may bsthe for
many hours with impuDity.


Certain precautions are necessary. Mod
crate exercise, by summoning into action
the powers of the system, and quickeniDg
the circulation, is better than inactivity.
We should never 90 into water Immediate
ly after meal, nor while the process Of
digestion is going forward. Nor should
we plunge into water when violently heat
cd, or in state Of profuse perspiration.
Such imprudences are often fatal, especial
ly if the water be unusually cold. If too
warm, the tempersture,of the body may
be reduced by bathing the wrists and wet.
ting the head.


Before meals rather than after, and
especially before breakfast and before sup
per, are proper seasons for bathing. The
heats of the day are to be avoided, but in
very hot weather bath is useful to cool
the blood, and secure refreshing sleep. If
in the middle of the day, a shaded place
sheuld be chosen, or the heSd protected
from the sun by being kept wet, or by
wearing straw hst, as ig practiced by the
fashionable French ladies at their watering
places.


The sea is the best place for swimming.
Owing to the greater specific gravity of salt
water than fresh, the body is more buoyont
in it, IS are other substances. A ship COM
ing out of salt water into fresh, sinks per-
eeptibly in the water. The difference is
nearly equal 10 the weight Of the salt held
in solution.


The bottom should be of hard sand,
gravel or smooth stones. Sharp stones and
shells cut the fest-weeds may entsngle
them. The swimmer must avoid floating
grass and quickssnd. The new beginner
must be careful that the water does not
run beyond his depth, and that the current
cannot carry him into deeper place, also
that there be no holes In the bottom. As
persons are ever liable to sccidents, cramps,
sc, it is always best that boys and girls
should be accompanied by those who are
older than themselves, and who will be
able to save them in any emergency.