Year: 1862

in order to resume the identical old question
about intercourse and settlement. 1t does
not seem to have occurred to him that the
sword could do the whole work, but that
inevitable we wonld have to come back to
the original point to compromise and settle.
If then, we cannot fight always, what
amount of fighting is necessary to render
it proper to prepare to cease, or suspend,
in order to consider terms of reconcilia-
ton. There has already "beon much loss
on both sides and no gain on either" and
whilst the time 20 cease fighting may not be
yet, the period has surely come when other
means beside the sword should be employ
cd in the effort to save the government
and country. Certainly the object of the
war and the extent to which it is to go,
should be definitely known to the country


If it be intended to subjugate the States in
rebellion, and hold them, not as States in
the Union, but as conquered provinces,
then the sword must be kept in constant
motion and war, and carnage must be the
order of the day. New leves and fresh
supplies may be properly raised, for it will


require formidable army in each Of the
seeded States to execute and maintain
this scheme. If determination be the OBJ
lect, then the sword should have unre.


strained license to deal death and destruc-
ton, amongst the rebels, in all parts of
their country, regardless of sex, age, or
condition. But neither of these purposes,
if practicable would re-establish the Union
although there might remain Union, COM
posed of certain States. But when the


Union is re-ostablishod, the South as we'll


as the North must be in it, the family of
States must exist as heretofore, else it will
not be the Union about which we have
talked so much aud for (which so many
brave men have offered up their lives. The
physioa al triumph of the North over the
South, in the field, as the North in the end
may triumph, is not the whole Of the task.
The States must be brought together; the
feelings of the people of both sections must
be so constr aimed and moderated, that
| they can traternize and live together, else
the Union is gone forever. TO subjugatc


the Southern States aud so hold them


could subscrve no good end for either seq
tiou, and in no way that can discover,


advance the welfare of the North, for SO
| long as the South was so held their hate


of the North would increase, and whilst


the North so held the South, it would do


but little else, meanwhile its material in


terest must langui h and die. But in ad.


dition, such a work is utterly inconsistent


with the genius of our institutions and


could scarcely fail to lead to their utter


perversion and ultimate overthrow adding


to the calamities of disunion, the sacrifice


of free government. Conquest and en-


pire, however magnificent could not com.
pensate for such loss.


TO extermnate the inhabitants of the


South, would be deliberate emasculation


of the Union, rendering its reconstruction


at once impracticabe and hopeless, and


involve work of barbarity, from which


the Northern people would shrink in hor-


ror. The existence Of the Southern States


in some fo.m, with their Inhabitants, aud


on some terms of Intercourse, is highly es-


sential, nay, l will say indispensable to


the welfare of the North. L am, therefore
against determination, and against the


policy of holding the Southern States as


conquered provinces. This ground can


be SO easily maintained on purely selfish
considerations for the North, which will


occur to all, that | need not trouble you


with their presentation on this occasion.-


1 am for rc-establishing the Union as i


was, or making Union as similar as pos


sible, the States to be equals and to b'


sovereign to the extent the States now are


each to have and enjoy sach domestic in
stilutions as it may choose, and, were il


Congress should sustain that measure o
, war and that only, that would clear y tent
J to the accomplishment Of these ends; bu
no war of subjugation or extermination.
; l know it may be said in reply to al
, this, then let the Southern people lay dow
{ their arms and come back into the Union
and all will be right again. Would t
t God they could be induced so to do =
a There is no guarantee in reason that
; would not be willing to grant them. Bu
. do we see any indications of such retur
to reason and duty! / can see none, an
| expect to see none, SO long as the swor'


is unaccompanied by agents for settlemen
!. and peace. When our army went to Mex
n leo it was accompanied by peace com
. mission in order to embrace the carries
h opportunity for settlement. In God
: name, | would ask, should we do less whe
G engaged in war amongst ourselves
a is idle, and worse than idle, to delud
n ourselves about the nature Of the eontlie
G in which we are engaged We canno
4 make a Union by force, alone, though W
8 may triumph over the South in the folc
and we may as well look the complication
q square in the face as not. The first ques
j ton is, do we intond-do we desire,
# have all the Southern States back int
y the Union, on the ter ms of the Oonetitu
n ton? If we do, then it is to b
n seen that they are to be the equa
d of the Northern States, in right


sovereignty, and dignity. Does any on
1t believe that such relation can be estat
At lished and maintained by the sword alop'
9, Should certain number OF the Stat'
os subjugate and humiliate the others, the
o, they could not live together as equals an