Year: 1860

Is stands firm with its iron heel upon the Co
- stituton, and this created incorporated pow
J. exercises despotc sway has chained, Ii
T. Prometheus, the agricultural States TO t
1t northern rock, and, as so many vutures, Ii
l. upon their growing prosperity. Still, the
States struggle like giant, and alarm the
e incorporated interest, least they may yet brei
e the chain that binds them to usurpation al
If therefore they are making fierce onsaug
r upon the slave property of the southern State
: From this source they expect to draw anoth
' element OF power with which to overtime,
r practically, the government Of the COnstitl
s tlon-Ianaticism. When they shall have dor
; this then we have combined the largest nun
5 Der of antagOnisms. the largest diversity
civilizations, ever embodied under any Go,
ernmcnt which has existed in the same empir
Then will be an utter destruction of all homo
! geneity. And then must of necessity CON
revolutions, wars, bloodshed, disunon, All
. anarchy.


In the early portion of my remarks hag


endeavored to show that no people could lY


together in peace between whom there was


want of hornogeneity OF interest, of pursui


and of civilization. And in this assumptio


am sustained by all history. Look at til


nations Of antiquity great and powerful i


their infancy, and while limited to small are
for example, Rome, filling the world wit


the glory of her deeds and the renown of he


achievements when her people were homo


geneOus on account of the smallness of he


territory after she had expanded from he


center to the Caspian sea east, and the Allan


tic west, the Baltic north, and the Indian ocear


south when the shadows OF her eagles wer.


seen in every land, and the tread of her mar.


tlal columns were heard in every Cline the re


pulsve forces Of antagonism rent her assunder


and she lies now bleeding and whitening ben,


cath the heel of anarchy.


From this remark, would not have it un


derstood that | think our Government is ex


panding too much. lido not think so. Think


with the division of legislative power dstribu


ted as have shown it to have been, between


the States and the Federal Government. ant


a strict observance of this division, this Gov


ernment could not be expanded to an incon
venient size. The very nature of the or-an
| ism, If executed according to its letter anC
spirit, necessarily avoids antagonism, and pre-
serves homogeneity. Mr.. Chairman, have


said the various interests which have men.


toned have combined, and have substituted
| their mere will for the constitutional Govern
ment of our fathers, and now stand in hostile
| array against those who look to and defend
| the constitutional compact of the States In


this form we find parties now organized and
arrayed. This usurpation claims the right,
through Congress, to take charge Of the do
mestic institutions of portion of the States,
and regulate them according to their peculiar
and strange philosophy. They claim the right
to exclude from the Territories of the United
States the property of the citizens of certain
States. They claim the right to destroy that
property even in the States where it exists
Those States deny both assumptions, and ap.
peal the Constitution to sustain then. Eigh-
teen States, where this combination of incor-
ported interests exists, have united to take
possession of the Government, to be welded
according to their peculiar views. The other
States say they have no power to do this :;
that 1t is the Government of all the States
and must be administered for the benefit OF
all, and upon the principles Of its organism.-
Out of this relation of parties grow the pres
ent impending dangers to the country; and
out of it must certainly follow the dismem-
berment of this Republic at very early per-
iod, unless the sober second thought Of men
Will induce them to return to and observe the
spirit and letter Of our compact of govern
ment. Will you do it, gentlemen of the Re
publican party? You tell me, mo" Well
then, you will go on with your invasion of the
agricultural industry Of the country LET me-
tell you, the hard, manly, and uncorrupted'
hller OF the ground will not stand it. Their
free spirits, elevated by the inspirations Of
nature, will revolt. Their proud hearts un-
bent and unsubdued by the tyranny of capital,
will raise storm of resistance which no pow
er on earth can resist, Look it You stand
upon a mere crust, with the fires of revolution
burning fiercely beneath. Look toit Should
another tread of your iron heel make but a
single aperture, the fame Will burst forth,
and nothing short of oceans of human blood,
and the desolation of this great country can
OF will extinguish the flame


But suppose, in this conflict Of ours, you
should be victorious, and by the aid of your
numbers you should conquer US and you then
emancipate our saves, and force them upon
us as equals how then would stand the case,
and who would be the greatest sufferers AS
said on former occasion, you would have
destroyed the whole capital Of the South, the
very fountain from which you draw your inn
mense individual and State wealth. By the
emancipation of our slaves you destroy, ay,
extinguish, from three to four billion of agri
cultural capital, and release from toll the great
majority Of effective laborers South, who be-
come droneS, consuming more than they pro-
duce. You render idle and uncultivated our
now beautiful and productive fields in value
many billions more. The two hundred mil
lion dollars worth of cotton which now feed
your spindles, and those of the civilized world,
and gives employment to millions of opera.
tives, is no longer produced. Our slaves be-
ing emancipated, this generation could substi-
tute no system of labor to take their place
nor could the next generation. The result
would be, that our fields in the South, would
remain uncultivated, ay, a desolation ; and
that now vast source Of productive wealth be-
ing destroyed, the addition that it makes to
the aggregate wealth being destroyed, the ad-
dition that it makes to the aggregate wealth |
of the nation annually would be stopped, in
dividual prosperity all over the nation would
suffer to an extent, and the whole industrial
pursuits of the world be destroyed. The mar
ket for your mechanical products, your fabrics,
would no longer exist /; and ruin, like mil 1
dew, would settle upon your people as well as
ours and yours might become the fate Of Ac-
taon. Your dogs, with which you have
chased US, may turn and devour you in re-
turn.


But are you right certain you can snbjueate
the southern States if they should secede 2 ].
You should remember that eight million peo-
pie are hard to subdue who fight in Just
cause you should remember that whatever
may be your courage, we of the South belong
to the same common anceStry-the same race
of men you should remember that the honor
of the nation has not suffered in the hands Of
a southern army upon any field of battle you
should remember, that all the appliances of
war are in our reach as well as yours, and
that no people on earth understand the
use o. them better than we do you should
also, that there are thousand 1
of Just and fair-minded men in your own
region who condemn your whole policy, and
who think your course of aggression upon the
constitutional rights Of the southern States un-
manly and unjust, who could never be
brought to take up arms against their
friends and kindred in the South you should
remember that there are thousands Of your
best and wisest men who take the same view
of the distribution of the powers Of government |
between the States and the Federal Govern
ment which have done day, and who will
resist, even with arms, the revolutionary
changes which you propose you must re-
member that the vast and expansive valley OF
the West is, and always must be-; essentially
agricultural; and that they now feel, and waI
continue to feel. the expressions of your. un-
just policy as much as the southern States,
and that that now dawning power will soon,
ripen into vigorous matury and will array it,,
self on the side of the Constitution and State
equality and that when you come with your
armies to subjugate the South, and force her
to Weld allegiance and obedience to your des- !
potic will, alarmed for their own fate, they
will rally with US in our resistance Of usurpa-
ton and on the side Of the constitutional gov
ernment of our fathers. +.


Mr.. Chairman. must ask gentlemen to go
back with me for only seventy years, and ex-
anime the state Of commerce and civilization
at that period, both in Europe and this coun-
try, Would either of them compare with the
present time ? The exports Of England then
did not exceed fifty-fiye million now they
are six hundred million. France had scarce
ly any commerce. Her exports did not ex,
ceed fifty million; now they are three hun i,
dred million And her imports were far less
This country, it is true. was in its NANCY;