Year: 1869




Individuals stimulated by Government TO attain security
form and structure Of boilers OF steam and water
safety valves low water deecor guards against super
heated steam unequal expansion OF boilers and hees.
&c. &c. have had little effect because they touch not
till dangerous and destructive torpedOes AS remedies,
they foster the disease For getting rd OF effects without
removing the cause they falacous and futile Like
they spring sudden death on the wary and
wary Instead Of mparting confidence ike open
tanty and doubt The boiler Itself not the danger to be
guarded against but the Tesentfu spirit unwsely
Jured up within IT, Cease from exciting mild and will
ing slave into furious and reslstess demon and all will
go well Instead OF constantly increasing number OF ex-
plOsons, they will 10 be heard Of (See paper
addressed to the Government Commission Life-say
ing Devices or Steam Vessels in THE TRIBUNE, April 10,
1861 .t ,.


Adopt atmospheric pressure as As propelIing power:
pound the safetyyalve would generally suffice to pre-
vent premature condensation For purposes OF safety
tube descending into the water and rising little above
the boiler. The the yapor is to collapson, the
the object should be to use the fluid Of the lowest prac


ca temperature that the loss of heat in condensation
stead Of such boilers bursting steam they
will be more liable to collapse for want OF it. When
TO exclude ATMOSPHERIC air and pressure from the boiler
age. in the singular fact that ice and snow are sur.
passingy efficient for condensation than the codest
water TO those unacquanted with the phenomenon.
which any person can make Will suffice Thus one pound
of ce-cod water added TO pound Of boiling water
C221 reduced the temperature of both 10 1882 while
pound OF in place OF the cold water reduced 1t to
3Go When power depends on the coapsion OF aqueous
vapor the value Of fee and cannot be too highly
estimated They seryiceable as so much fuel and IN
time will be acknowledged and that over the longest,
and broadest and most popuous belt OF The ears main
land Now deemed obstacles TO the progress OF loc0mo-
tves they will be hailed cheap and powerful agents
in propehng them TO melt Ice REQUIRES as much heat
as TO se %se % woS So am not


ATMOSPHERIC pressure Is not Ike other forces local
mechanical power. free to all people. and applicable TO
all times places and conditions OF me-an oyerhangng
yOked The time has not come TO be fully appre
cated but that is destined become leading and
little room to question The crcnmam6ieEt air we
breathe Will give life and power to motive mechanisms.
lists and Others look up to II for rain and dry weather
and with this difference, t will never disappont them,
Summer Winter, night day Besides rendering the
soil fruitful with sunshine and showers IL will pow. and


and REAP S ana M PeES a. o1ner Hor % sSor SS
move and have their being in It.


Atmospheric pressure has do with natures
machnes than may be supposed Beside its general in
nuence inorganzed matter IL enters Into tho struo-
ture and is essential to the Internal and external move
ments OF living bodies Without We could neither eat,
drink breathe, move. our bodily frames are
held together by it In all our joints it keeps the bones
in such steady contact that they work smoothly and
without noise The most perfect Joint in our bodies-he
ball and socket OF the hips preserved III WORKING order
by he pressure Of G The atmosphere & bat & for which & Tho m
place in the socket far as the gaures would permit
II has been proved by experiments that AIR be admit
ted the JOINT would open hall tnch moro. (Soe
further illustrations In Hydraulics, p. ls-5J


Strange that power which 80 beautifully and silently



automatic creat0ns-a power when ranges from me
delicate impulses 10 amounts OF force greater than
Ies and onnipresent witiia We cannot but foster the
conviction that atmospheric pressure wi In due time.
play varied and important part In the artificial AS u


The following are some Of the differences between high
pressure and atmospheric engines: The first require
large quantities OF steam the greater the tension the
more there Is Of IT, In the other the Least gnan,iiy IS
consumed by the former 10 produce the power that at
n0spheTc engines Yield, aud that wn at least Onehaf
of % al
quenty Of the fucis virtually lost; in the other 80
the lowest Temperature tne loss cannot We believe ex-
coed three-tenths Of the amount employed.


For locomotive purposes the power OF the one has to be
carried along with the materials 10 evolve ana maintain
tile fluid the required tension For the other the at
mOsphere IS the power ana ma terals only enough ioex
cite t wanted and for that minimum OF the yapor
sunceth. On short routes ts IN eiesl where reser-
Of cold water lee or snow may be Kept at one or
both ends or at Intervals ~ the longest routes an9s
nnlshed consumption OF fue on the same GROUND We
predict their adoption for propelllug ocean, lake, and
why they should not supersede other modes OF applying
steam motive agent especially where TaterDarOme.
arpumps. Atmospheric engines working without tho
internal Jet require fresh supplies OF waier they
rectly to boiler From the low temperature OF tho
vapOr employed, there Is, think, little doubt OF this


10 conclude snpposin0 the expansive force of steam
is not to he spplanled atmosphere engines nave claims
force has some advantage peculiar 10 ITSELF ana hey
present too many 10 be neglected. They Will diminish
the consumption OF coal aud Increase that OF snow
and ice.


It's Of course not supposed that the anticipated adj
yantages are to realized without obstacles To be over
come cannot, however, imagine one which may not
bo more or readily removed FROM the low tension
Working W @ eynders al an equal Il not somewhat greater
temperature is obvious TO DO tins each might be IN
arranged that the AR thus pterposed between we piston
and the cold external air Will prevent the lauer from en-
tering the cylinder by entering itself or, the opect
might DO attained by lining the cylinder with loose one
OF pasteboard, OF tn-pate covered with cloth This
attached TO the piston would the cylinder az every


The leading Object is 10 effect condemnation without
the internal Jet Accomplish that, and series Of desid
erata realized Instead OF eeaselessy
sending fresh INTO the boiler Will simply return. a
each stroke the vapOr hqued in tho condenser during
the preceding There being no wnste OF the feed ad
no means OF escape, the morning charge Of boiler
will last not only for day but for several days
weeks, long the engine boiler and condenser are
air tight Having no communication without, II passes
as yapor through working cylinders 10 the condenser
and returns requited back 10 the boiler But II
there be little the dpump TO do there less for an
air pump nee after an engine got fairly 10 work
there air given out by water 40 thoroughly dis
titled aud redlstlled Economy OF fuel by this clrcna
ton OF single charge OF water is apparent, aud as tho
temperature OF the not intended 10 exceed 2l2
be sens,sly dnnlshed. There be temptation 10
ton 10 the power ad Wss ada 70 iTs cost w6ateTer
vacuum is fequlred IN the boiler, working cylinders


We have long employed the expansive force OF steam
attended with appalling aud increasing loss e ana
noeuous principle OF collapsionI II IL yielded less
amount Of power from given quantity OF steam thaa
property compensate for that But whle ~ Is demon
srapy more productive qi power what tau9na % excuse use
pend upon IT, that present engines when compared
with those OF another age. Will be deemed tlo more
lection against explosions on board steauvesses Justly
in ho steam that eth this terror OF tde ocean


NEw-YoRK Feb %, 1s69.-At brief Intervals OF rehef


IRON Pn 'He sTs sSI pes nopes Of my living to Wit
uess the embodiment Of my views In working engine.
Under that impression wished them put on record feel
tpg nred