smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1865

buried with the shells of the anima
life that swarmed the waters, demon
strate almost beyond a doubt chat this
now tertiary basin was the course the
gulf stream had carried the sedimen
tary matter that was spread over the
floor of an ancient ocean, and was be-
ing formed the rock we now call the
Potsdam sandstone, and all the lime.
stones, sandstones and shales above
it to the thickness of five thousand
feet. The drift deposits Of sand and
pebbles now found in Northern Wis
consin and Minnesota, were the New
Foundland banks of the latter age O!
that gulf stream. In that early day
navies did ride upon the bosom of the
great deep to founder and 60 down
with their armature of war upon the
floor of that sea, as would be found by
future inhabitants Of cur globe should
the basin of the Atlantic become dry
land. The telescope has revealed TO
the eyes of the astronomer solar and
astral systems, by which the mind in
contemplating is carried up to the
power and wisdom of the creator of
these steller worlds. Again the mi
croscope has revealed in a single drop
of water wonders that equal all the
mysteries of the planets, showing that
in each drop of precipitated rain wa
ter, was an epitome of the laws that
hold the evening and morning stars in
their fixed orbits. So in geology, the
smallest spring branch has its little
eddies, and carries down after each
rain its load of lime and sand, and
makes it's little plateaus Of stratifed
rocks, where in few feet square can
be read history Of all the principal
phenomena of the great rivers that
have abraded the valleys of continents
and spread the sedimentary matter
over the floors of oceans, forming in
that way stratified rocks. We discov-
er by these facts that the limestones
which we now call the lead-bearing
rock, or lead measures, did not have
an existence until long periods of time
had elapsed after the Potsdam sand
stone was formed that the lead ores
had not yet been filled in veins when
the rocks laid in solid strata from the
top of the table lands of Iowa to the
top of the Sinsinawa and Platte
mounds Of Wisconsin that after this
the crevices, and valley and ridge sys-
tenn was formed, and we may suppose
that the lead producing action dates
at comparatively recent geological
epoch, from the simple fact that there
was no necessity for the existence of
lead ore until man had come to have
dominion on the earth, and to be con.
ditioned with mind and wants ma
king necessity for the existence Of
this metal (; for to have repleted the
veins prior to this period, would not
have been consistent with the general
development or plan Of the economic
laws that have distributed the coal
and iron, as well as lead wealth of
this great valley of the Mississippi or
basin of the Continent


PHILLIPS.
Year: 1865

A young friend asks me what books
he shall read with reference to appear
ance in society. l can appreciate the
desire of the young man to know how
to appear. There may be books which
will aid him in determining how he
shall behave There are books in
which are found certain rules of eti-
quette which govern in good society


We believe Fowler & Wells of New
York, have published little hand
book on this subject" How to Be-
have (which will furnish all the in
formation the young man will need To
acquire from books. But he should
not depend upon books to fit him for
appearance in society. They may aid
in some degree, but they are as likely
to render him ridiculous as otherwise.
They help to make a man affected.
And affectation renders the young man
or woman ridiculous. a.....


The best way to learn how to ap-
pear in society perhaps, is to GO into
society to learn. Go there without
trepidation--go determined to act
naturally no matter if the sky falls
act Independently. too-that is, do
what your own good sense and heart
tell you it is right to do. You need
not, necessarily, act singularly, nor
make yourself conspicuous. Those
unaccustomed to society are apt to as
sumo over-much-to make pretentieas
which they can not sustain.


My friend Goodenough is an accom-
plished man. His appearance in socie-
ty is unexceptionable-he is regarded
as model. He once told me in his
experiences, and they may furnish my
young friend hint or two which will
help him :" tell you Squire Pencil, !
was once as green and bashful as any
body. But l had sensible sister.
She knew inst what society was made
of, and what perverse old coward
Mrs. Grundy is when she finds she can
not rule. So my sister said to me-
she was older thanI-' James, remem-
Der that you are just as much entitled
to your opinions in society as any one
you find there is to his or hers. That
your ideas of good manners are quite
as likely to be correct as theirs. So,
do not sneak, nor cringe, nor be timid.
Act as well and as naturally as you
do at home, and you will act well
enough. Do not be be bold, but be
manly. If you want to speak to a
young lady, do so. Do not stop to pre-
pare pretty speech, but say what
you have got to say to her just as you
would say the same thing to your sis
ter. BE frank, considerate, kind. Seek
to do favors, but do not be ofiicious. II
you are required to do anything which
you do not know how to do, seek the
most accomplished lady in the room,
tell her frankly that You are ignorant,
and ask her to teach you. She will do
/, it if she is a true lady and if she does
not, seek some one else who will. Do
not shrink from anything society re-
Year: 1865

quires you to do-that is honorable,


of course,--and if you do not know


how to attempt it, confess it, and ask


to be taught. You will soon learn all


that needs to be learned, and the re-
strain of inaction and embarrassment


will quickly be removed. Try, try,
try said she, and if you make mis-
takes, laugh at them with those who
laugh, and try again. Cultivate kind
feelings toward all Do not look for
other peoples faults. Search for and
emulate, and commend, what you seq
that is good in them. Always try to
relieve others of embarrassment when
you see they are embarrassed. Do it
considerately-kindly. Keep your
heart green and Your mind pure and
clear, and act your@lf, James"


$50 talked ray sister, and SO act
ed, and that is all the training have
had. But there is one thing ought al
ways to be remembered A person
should act at home precisely as he
ought to abroad. The habits of his
everyday life sheald be correct, and
then he will need no special training
to fit him for society" .-.s v.a -


And, after all, Lead Pencil, ESQ,
thinks the home the best place to learn
and practice what will render one re-
spect and respectable in society, The
everyday life of young men and wo-
men should not have two faces. There
should not be a society-face distinct
from the home-face--Ho society.tone
distinct from the tone of the home-voice
no home-habits which should be
changed, or restrained, or masked in
society. If you want to know how
to appear in society, learn how to
appear well at home. Practice ha-
bitually at home, in intercourse with
those you should love and respect
most, precisely what you learn is eti-
quette outside the home circle.
Year: 1865

The rock known as the Potsdam
sandstone is about five hundred feet
below the level of the Mississippi riv-
er at Dubuque. In boring an artesian
well on Main street, first about TWEEN
ty feet of sand and pebbles would be
penetrated, then thirty feet of finty
limestone, below this one hundred feet
of blue limestone, one hundred and
twenty feet of sandstone, then two
hundred and fifty feet of lower mag.
nesian limestone, which would bring
us down to the Potsdam sandstone.
This rock is five hundred feet thick, so
that about one thousand feet below
Main street would 60 down to the bot
tom of this rock. What is below this
We will not speculate upon, as the
mind may have much better employ.
ment and more healthy reflection in
investigating what is found above
this level. The Potsdam sandstone is
a crumbling, stratified sand rock with
calcareous interlying strata. This
rock covers large areas in northern
Wisconsin and Minnesota. The alti-
tude of these districts is about five
hundred feet above the Mississippi riv.
er at Dubuque, making the dip tow
ards Dubuque about one thousand
feet. 1t is not unreasonable to sup
pose that if an artesian well were
bored ON the bluffs at Dubuque, pure
water would flow out and fill reser-
voirs which might be used to supply
the city, and might prove the most
economical way of supplying the city
with water. This Potsdam sandstone
carries fossil known as a trilobite, a
marine animal that lived at one age OF
our globe in an ocean, was laid down
upon its floor, and was fossilized in
sand and lime that was being deposit.
ed and forming this rock. We discov.
er from this that at one age Of our
Globe one thousand feet below where
the city Of Dubuque now stands was
the floor of an ocean, and from that
level for six hundred feet above the
present site of the city, all the rock
has been formed atom by atom on the
floor of an ancient ocean and from
the family of the trilobites, which have
their oldest burying grounds in this
Potsdam sandstone, each stratum o.


limestone and sandstone filled above
has its tombs of fossils, showing al
outline of the animal life that swarm
ed these oceans.


! Here commences the early history o.
the stratified rocks, and the business
Of the geologist is to take these strata
as the pages Of book, and study out
history of the condition of the sur
face Of the planet as the dynasties O
4 this animal life made their entrances
and exits, each playing their part il
the great drama Of the early life o
! our globe. The reader may ask how
does the geologist know about tn,
depth Of this rock below the city O
Dubuque and about the floor Of thi,
ocean that was once thousand fee


below the present level Of the Missis
sippi river, and about this animal lii;
! that is buried in the strata. We viii
proceed to explain it: In Belcher',
we'll at ST. Louis, bored twenty-tw,
hundred feet deep, an exact scale 0
the rocks was made as the boring pro
gressed. At the depth of eighteel
hundred feet, this Potsdam sandston,
Twas penetrated. Going south Of st
Year: 1865

This valley Is 800 miles in a southerly di-
reetion from Great Salt Lake City, and about
100 miles from the head of navigation on the
Colorado river. The silver mines located here
are of incalculable value, the ore being so rich
as to be malleable under the hammer. Assays
made in San Francisco, Salt Lake City, and
New York, prove it to be worth more than the
famous Washoe lodes."
Year: 1865

The BURIAL or GsNsRAL wHrNo.-The
rebel General Whiting who was captured and
wounded st Fort Fisher, Of which place he was
In command, died Of his wounds on Governors
Island on Friday, while prisoner In our hands,
and was buried yesterday with oil the proper
solemn ceremonies In Trinity church II is not
long ago since another rebel general died here
while in captivity and was buried In Grace
church with similar ceremonies So In every
instance that one Of these poor deluded men
dies In our hands he receives Christian burial
wba. contrast to The way our soldiers are
treated whom they die In rebel prisonsl
Year: 1865

The session OF tho Senate yesterday was devoted 70
executive business, being mainly the confirmation OF
appointments committee waited upon tho Prcsd 'nt,
to earn II he bad any further communication TO make
Subsequently the committee reported that the President
had business OF sufficiently important character to
longer detain them whereupon the Senate adjourned
sine die, and the extraordinary session closed.
Year: 1865




The following resolutions were adopted by
Washington Engine Co., at a Special Meeting
held August 2Sth 1865;


Resolved, lst That as members of Washing
ton Engine Company, we recognize it as our
duty to do all in our power to keep our organi-
zation in effective working order, and to be at
all times ready to do our utmost in extinguish-
ing fires.


Resolved I'd. That we hold it to be the duty
of all citizens, and more especially property
owners, to be either active or contributing mem
bers of the company, and in time of fire to as
sist the Company to the best of their ability, un-
der the direction of the proper officers.


3D.. That in the opinion Of this Company, the
City Council should Immediately pass strin-
gent ordinance compelling all able-bodied spec
tators at fires to assist the Company when called
upon so to do.


4. That unless the citizens of Walla Walla
sustain the Company by becoming members
thereof, and thus sharing the necessary labors
and expenses ofthe Company with those who
have hitherto borne them, the present members
should, and WILL in justice to themselves, with
draw from and abandon the organization, and
turn over the property to the City Council.


5th That as Company, we wish to maintain
our organization, and make it thoroughly efec-
tive and ready for all emergencies but that this
cannot be done unless the citizens manifest their
interest in and appreciation Of the labors of the
Company in some more practical and effective
manner than by a mere empty vote of Thanks
for services rendered


9th. That this Company hereby invite the
property -owners and citizens of Walla .Walla to
assemble in mass meeting on Monday, the 4th
day of September, at the Masonic Hall, at 7
o'clock, P NJ, to take into consideration such
measures as may be necessary to sustain the
Company, or disband and turn over the machine
and property to the City


Attest WIN. B. KEELY, Sec'y.
Year: 1865

THE BLACKFOOT MINES have been the top
ic of interest in the city and valley during
the week, and the most extravagant reports
in regard to the great richness and extent
of the diggings have been freely circulated.
But, after pretty thorough Tracing" of
these reports, we are forced to the conVic-
ton that they have only "grown big from
being oft told" and that each retailer has
(probably) arrogated to himself the right to
"enlarge" upon the story told him by his
informant The Blackfoot mines have been
made to grow until they embrace all of the
Prickly Pear country, east Of the Rocky
mountains, and the number of men said to
be in the diggings has been swelled from six
hundred to sixteen thousand-including all
of the population of the Prickly Pear coun-
try and the immigrants on the road thither
while Blackfoot City has grown from an
unpretending mining camp to town larger
than Walla Walla, and then to city OF
magnificent proportions, with "Main
street, built up entirely of large and well
finished stone buildings" And then, Of
course, it is added, " with all these eviden-
ces of the fact, the gold must be there p


We have conversed with men who are ia.
king goods into that country, and whose in

formation is no doubt correct, and they tell
us that, as stated last week, the present ex.
citement originated exclusively in the fact
that there is scarcity Of goods in the mines.
They say, however, that the mines are good
very good-so far as they extend, and al
though new discoveries are from time tC
time being made, the diggings are limited
that there are more men in the country now
than find profitable employment, and that
there is nothing there that would now JUS
tify a rush of miners from this direction
The mining region is being filled up very
rapidly by immigrants from the States and
miners from the Beaver Head and Prickly
Pear camps. In the Prickly Pear mines
which are only about thirty miles distant
from the Little BlackfOot-there are sever
al thousand men, and the same scarcity Of
goods prevails there. This scarcity of goods
results, first from the fact that more
men have gone into that country than were
expected there, and secondly, because the
steamboats, which were expected (from St.
Louis) at Fort Benton, with supplies, were,
with two exceptions, compelled to land sew
eral hundred miles below that point, owing
to the low stage of water in the Missouri,
and the goods from the boats had not reached
the mines and can not be got there before
trains can go in from here Besides, it is
said that had all the boats reached Benton
the supply of goods would not have been
adequate to the demand.
Year: 1865

THE papers tell us that there are from eight
to ten thousand troops on the plains, and yet we
can't get telegram through from the east for
month together. What this army is doing, we
are not presumed to know-it may be employed
keeping things all quiet on the lower Platte, or
it may be mostly running after the Indians north
or south of that river, in the hope of getting
chance to give them 'square blow, a regular
annihilator, that will not leave grease spot of
them for any future operations.


One thing everybody ought to be assured Of
and that Is, what the troops not doing They
are not protecting the mail and telegraph line,
at least not in such numbers, nor with such eff
feet as that system of protection demands. A
company will patrol few miles of the line, per-
haps have skrmish with half dozen red
SKINS with Indifferent results and the construc-
ton train will put up half dozen miles of posts
and wire, while the Indians as deliberately walk
after them and take it down again, and so the
thing goes on, and promises to do ad infnitum.


This is not exactly the way to advance the
glory of the country serve the interests of the
public. The first thing, the chief thing, for the
troops to do, is to make telegraph and mail ef-
fcient one way or another; if not up to time,
then as near it as possible.-SaIt Luke Telegraph.
Year: 1865

The fruit yield in Utah it is said will be lar
ger this season than that of any former year
Apple and peach trees in that section are ev-
erywhere bending to the ground under the
weight of clustering fruit
Year: 1865

The abandoned females in st. Louis who fall
into the clutches of the police are put at work
breaking stones for the roads. A committee of
the city fathers with the police commissioners
who visited the workhouse, says the Missouri
Democrat, did not relish the spectacle Of beau
tifu and tender handed women breaking stone
in the open air, and intend to devise some less
laborious employment for the female cOnvicts.
Year: 1865

An Eastern paper says that a man in
New York got himself into trouble by
marrying two wives. A Western editor
replies by assuring his cotomporary that
good many men had done the same
thing by marroing one. A Northern
editor retorts that quite number of his
acquaintances found trouble enough by
merely promising to marry, without
going any further. a Southern editor
says that friend of his had trouble
enough when simply found in company
with another's man wife. E "l
Year: 1865

THE LITTLE Rock DAILY PANToGRAPH-
We are pleased to welcome again to our table
this spicy little sheet. An article appeared III
it's columns on the sth ut. which was regarded
by the Major General commanding this Depart
the peace and good feeling of the people OF the
Department, and directed the paper suppressed.
An interview between Gen. Reynolds and the
publisher took place on the 18th ult., which
resulted in satisfactory understanding, and
the Photograph permitted TO resume its publ
cation. The publisher gives notice that he will
soon enlarge lis dimensions and publish a
weekly paper.
Year: 1865

vA correspondent of the New York Tri-
bune says the District Attorney of Alabama is
making preparations for the prosecution OF It bels
who do not obtain the Presidents pardon. The
Tlibune editorially says: Next TO be par
don broker in Washington, We presume thar
the best thing going on now to make living
at is the prosecution of rebels in Southern
State"
Year: 1865

oners from Rock Island, In charge OF Can't Am
Gin, OF the Veteran Reserve Corps, and guard of
dfty men, passed through the city yesterday IN
route for the scene Of exchange. Most OF the
men are 1nrn1ids.
Year: 1865

A certain amount of food is craved by
healthy beast, even if it do little labor and is
kept comfortably warm all the time. The ap-
petite of different animals vary considerably
aud some animals are more easily kept in good
condition than others when in health and un-
der the same circumstance. These facts fall
under the daily observation of farmers. The
temperature of the animal body is always
much warmer than the surrounding atmosphere,
except few hours at time in the heat Of
summer. II requires considerable consump-
ton of food to maintain this heat, and the col
der the air the more heat producing food is
eaten by the animal a natural consequences.
If it cannot get all that it needs its system must
nevertheless keep up its temperature, aHd this
is done first at the expense of the fat, and af-
terwards of other parts of the body. The
imal grows thin, and can endure far less labor
or exposure than if we'll fed. Work causes a
similar increased consumption of food to sup
pIy the waste of the muscle which is worn by
the labor. To secure the greatest advantage
from certain amount of food, animals should
be sheltered, and the warmer their stables are
the less they will eat. The question to be con-
sidered is How warm are they to be kept
consistently with health Fresh air is q ne
cessity to neat cattle and horses, and they will
do well in very warm stables if there be good
ventilation. The same is true of hogs.-
Sheep, on The contrary, will not do well ifkept
very warm. They demand much freer ven
tilation if maintained in good health. When
shut up simply tor rapid fattening, they feed
better and fatten foster if the pens are airy,
but when kept for breeding, it is essential that
they have but little more than thorough shed
projection from the storm and high winds
statements in regard to cooked food and its
great advantage over uncooked, for most class
es Of stock, are to a very limited extent appli-
cable to sheep. They need open air, (not ex-
posure to stOrms) and plenty Of good food
american Agriculturist.
Year: 1865

1t is almost frightful, and and altogether
humiliating, to think how much there is in
the common on-going of domestic and social
life, which deserves nothing but to be instant
ly and forever forgotten. Yet it is equally
amazing how large class seem to have no
other business but to repeat and perpetuate
these very things. This is the vocation of
gossips-an order Of society that perpetuates
more mischief than all the combined plaques
of Egypt together. You may have noticed
how many speeches there are which become
mischievous only by being heard the second
time; and what an army of both sexes are
sworn to it, that the fatal repetition shall not
be had! Blessed is the man or woman that can
let drop all the burrs and thistles, instead of
picking them up aud fastening them on to the
next passenger! Would we only let the vex-
ing and malicious sayings die, how fast the la
cerateG and scandal ridden world would be-
come healed and Huntington.
Year: 1865

Three of our contemporaries seem to be en-
gagged in controversy as to whether it would
or would not be better TO return as colonists
to Great Britain than 10 submit to the Yam
KEGS. We have not paid TO this controversy
the attention which we usually accord to sug-
gestions of our neighbors, for the simple rea-
son that we can conceive of nothing more un-
profitable at this moment, and, in our circum
stances. England cannot recoIonize us if she
would; aud We think it pretty certain that she
would not if she could.


In the beginning of this war, if she had re-
cognized US as she should have done, and de-
clared her determination 20 compel q strict
observance of the rules of blockade laid down
by herself at Paris, and subscribed by all
the maritime powers of Europe, she might
easily have put an end to the struggle before
it had been six months old.


The Yankees at that time held her in NOR
tai terror. They were ignorant of their own
strength, and held that of England in an awe
approaching superstition. She might have
dictated her own terms, and they would have
subscribed to them without hesitation. But
Yankeedom has now a most undue opinion of
its own strength and contempt for the strength
Of England, warranted only by the cowardly