Year: 1862

|
unanimous vote Of any one section He represented here
people who emphaicay belonged the Union and II


you would nnd any portion Of the country pre- emnenty
loyal and conservative il the people of his State
and IN what he said he should represent the views
OF the people OF that loyal State But Of avoiding
these questions he found measure measure pro-
posed here such allowing coored people carry the
mails and the resolutions TO the condition OF the
States. He say in all respect he thought there
were other things TO be looked at by this Senate,
especially the Condseation bill which he regarded as
measure of more moment than any before the
Senate, and calculated to pus down the rebellion. He
had presented bill for the abolition of slavery this
District, which was copy of bill presented by our
honored President when he member Of the other
House that he fully favored that bill because he
deemed better than the before the and
because IL has two features which he regarded very
essential The first was gradual emancipation The
wisdom OF Franklin has been referred this debate.
Yet that great statesman in bill TO abolish slavery in
Pennsylvania, which at that time had less than 1000
slaves did not think it proper change this state of
things by sudden change but left II TO work out by
a gradual process-an example which, think, would
| be worthy of attention at this day. History
| shows many instances Of men rushing and destroy
| ing, in their haste, the very thing they wish TO
accomplish The wise and prudent statesman takes
things he finds them lie could the bill,
introduced by the committee, for various reasons
One that there is nothing TO hinder men from Nr
gina bringing in slaves here worth $50 and selling them
for $500 under this bill. The Senator from Massachu
sets has referred to the opinions Of Mr. Adams AS far
as he knew and remembered Mr.. Adams, he was no ad
vocate for the abolition of slavery in the District of Co.


umbia in 1887. Mr. Adams said he had invariably de-
cared against the abolition Of slavery the District Of
Columbia. In 1889 he said although he had advocated


e right Of persons petition for the abolition of slavery
here he was not himself prepared to grant their prayer
Mr.. Adams said this when the slave population
was double what it is now, and when they
had slave pens and slave markets here leave it to
the friends of Mr. Adams what he would have said
But have class OF who Jealous to
compsh much, and who not willing to allow natural
laws to work Look at slavery in this district ROW. Let
il alone. and in ten fifteen years you will have sa
very here. The true friend OF humanity win take the
world as is and allow certain TO work their in
evable effects BY not Gn! rtaking to hasten these,
much more will be accomplished. He desired to tho


final extinction of slavery and hoped to it brought
about but he differed greatly the proposed
Another why he could not vote for the
bill was that the Senate had decided against the
colonization principle In this he was going
Indiana they had settled this question with wall
OF fire. Illinois s doing 1t, and he believed Ohio would
do the and he would tell the Senate that
this black population shall not mingle with the white
population OF their country His children must be raised
whore their equals not among black people-where
they can see those around them with whom they can
mingle equality and he knew there could be equality
existing between hose two He could never vote
for this bill unless the colonization principle
grated upon It, Indiana has settled this question by
seventy thousand majority. Illinois has passed. prov


sion that no negro or mulatto shall move into the
State after the adoption Of the constitution, and
that negro mulatto shall have the right OF suf
frage hold Office. Indiana has voted against
their holding real estate He not here TO answer
questions as to whether this right wrong He
took the world he found it, But such the opinion
and the ptHsace among ms I people os ass hs wa SO
this District And yet the Senate proposes TO set the
all loose make Of this District settlement Of
free blacks If they pass this bill they will also have to
pass prohibiting the free blacks from other states
settling the District Mr.. Adams also took the adj
tona ground that whenever this question presented
It ought to be submitted the people Of the District


the legal Of this District have any rights at ALL


this question Of their domestic policy certainly ought to
be lie believed the Presidents Message to Congress
relative 70 giving aid to the States, was the


first thing Of the kind done and entirely without


precedent He regarded the establishment of the prn
cipo under any pretex or under any circumstances 70
strike blow at the rights Of the States destructive Of
all the liberties Of tho country II might be that he
that distinguished General having crossed the Potomac
and viewed the army collected there, said "This
the last Of this government; State lines have boon
botted out" The sentiment was repeated thousand
! times in the political campaign OF 1S60-and Is a
fracdo,c n.t;"raln ~ T,nt in hs view the const,tn
national, and the right of the people of the
| States to make their own domestic institutions is
national. If Mr.. Jefferson said in 1909 that almost all


the rights Of the States swallowed up what would
he say now when President sends message to Con-
saying the people Of section Of the country
5You do this and we will do thats He never intended
public man. under any circumstances, to do any,
thing make effort TO strike at the rights Of the
States He believed in the old fashioned doctrine Of
States rights the modern doctrine that the domestic
institutions and rules of society belong to the State and
the national has right to take the first
step interfere with them Jefferson his letters,
| lays down the idea that certain defuite powers and
| rights belong to the States, and in proportion as
you assume these powers, you open the field
! to corruption and jobbing and If he was
asked to sum up, In few words, the history
|
is in this very system of office hunting jobbng and
ruption There another objection 10 this
the present condition OF the country ho thought
thought the bill i'll advised and nexpedient, and ought
TO be postponed TO some other time, when the public
mind Gould look this question, and these questions
could fairly presented before all the members this
confederacy. But might be asked what he proposed
to,do with these other questions He proposed TO pro-
secute this war, ahd let time the great arbitcr,
determine the proper remedies. There are certain
silent forces at work. Are you ready to let them
stand. There 400 900 officers and soldiers
who will 70 South and slavery it is and thcre
1000 shareholders in the North who will
institutions they They going TO be witnesses
They will TO I'LL these seats. He knew Of seven
y gentlemen belonging TO Northern regiments who had
married in Maryland in the last six months, and
from his own State had bought land in Maryland and
will be ready to plough up the land and put the
seed furnish produce 70 this capital you will only
let this thing alone The resolutions offered by the
Senator from Massachusetts, (Mr. sumner, that the
States had all their rights he considered had done
more harm than so 900 in the rebel army and that
this continued agitation would esrange all the Union
feeling the South. He referred to aud read General
Shermans proclamation and General Bues letter, and
also the letter Of Mr.. Underwood as being Of the
right stamp having tho true ring TO them. He did
want the to return fugitive slaves, and had voted
heartily for the article Of 70 prohibit II. He wanted
the army 20 meet the enemy and let slavery take
Of itself II this was done, and Congress would
only keep within Its legitimate sphere might have
peace in Tennessee In sixty days and provisional 60
vernment in every State IN ninety days He believed 1t
possible 70 i've :, peace WIN slavery the Union and





him ~ honest man to call his armies homo. We
must succeed in the attempt 70 put down this rebel
lion. Twenty millions Of such people cannot fail
| The strength Of this country Is not In armies
money. It is in something besides houses, and
money, and land. II is in that benevolent
system Of integrity, 70 speak which has clothed this
country with strength and more Of the elements Of
moral power than any nation on earth We have
charitable institutions for the deaf dumb blind &c.


and institutions Of learning than any othcr country
and these elements Of strength which will never
fail With this strength put down this rebellion
and this government and this constitution with
out crossing or dotting an !. II you 70 from the
| New World to the Old, and wander among her old
| palaces, you may find, among other curosities,
collections Of flags Of all nations and among others the
flag OF this country and the question will arise
how TO put the stars there. II is because we
the first nation that looked to God for assist
ancc, and caught the eye Of the star and placed
IL upon the American fsg and the God " fathers
| will be with US to-day If We do duty. There IL
bill for the prosecution Of this for which he would
The Tax bill especially met his commendation
II will bring about direct accountability between the
people and their representatives II will work wonders
| ifv puh liz ms and brin n NJ