smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1864

How FrsH CHANGE Color The change
Of color in fish is most remarkable. and
takes place with great rapidity. Put
living trout from black urn into white
basin Of water, and it becomes within half
an hour Of light color. Keep the fish
living in white jar for several days, and
it becomes absolutely white; but put it
then into dark cOlored or black vessel,
and although on first being put there the
white colored fish shows conspicuouslv
on the black ground, in quarter of an
hour it becomes as dark colored as the
bottom Of the jar, and consequently diff
cult to he seem. No doubt, this facility
Of adapting its color to the bottom of the
water in which it lives is Of the greatest
service to the fish IN protecting it from its
numerous enemies. All old anglers must
have observed that in every stream the
trout are very much the same color as the
gravel or sand. Whether this change of
color is a voluntary or involuntary act on
the part of the fish, is matter for scien-
titic Investigation and discussion.
Year: 1864

DIR. CHANNING on SECRET Political So
CIErIES. In his first volume, pages COG
and COZ, may be found the following,
which forcihly describes and points out
the danger of Loyal Leagues:


"We are persuaded that by an artful
multiplication Of societies, devoted appa
rently TO different objects, but all swayed
by the same leader, and all intended to
bear against hated party, as cruel per-
secution may be carried on in free cOun-
try as in a dcSpotiSm. Public opinion
may be so combined and inAamed, and
brought to bear on odious individuals or
opinions, that it will be as perilous to
speak and think with manly freedom as if
an inquisition were upon Us. Such asso-
Citations create tyrants as effectively as
standing armies. Let them be withstood
from the beginning, no matter whether
the opinions which they intend to put
down be true or false. Let no opinion be
put down by such means. In this coun-
try, few things are more to be dreaded
than organizations or institutions by
which public opinion may be brought to
bear tyrannically against individuals or
sects. They are perilous Instruments
they ought to be suspected; they are q
kind of irregular government, created
within our Constitutional Government
Let them be closely watched. AS soon as
we find them resolved or disposed to bear
down respectable man, or set of men, or
to force on the community measures about
which wise and good men differ, let US feel
that dangerous engine is at work among
us, and oppose to it our steady and stern
disapprobation."


Such opinions, coming from SO eminent
n Divine, should certainly be reflected and
acted on.
Year: 1864

MORE OF THE INDIANA FRAuDs.-The
Eastern papers are full Of the election
frauds in Indiana. AS specimen, we
print the following, from the Cincinnati
Enquirer:


1t has been the usual election custom
in Franklin, the county seat Of johnson
county, when the votes have not been
counted upon the evening of election, to
leave the ballot-box over night 10 the
sAfc of the County Clerk. This time the
Republican election board deposited the
ballot. box in the safe Of Branham's First
National Bank. On the morning sue
ceeding the election, Branham and a few
other prominent Republicans stated upon
tbs streets of Franklin that the Demo
cratic vote would be much less this year
than the year before, because many Dem.
ocrats whom they knew of, but whose
names they were not at liberty to make
public, had voted the Republican ticket.
When the board met they found but 131
Democratic ballots in the box. This
was so far below what was expected that
t1hCu III SOhuSCtiOH Will DI1Hu0ul . as
scrtions, the Democrats were confident
that large number Of Democratic bal
lots had been taken out Of the box du,
ring tho night. A public meeting Of
those who voted the Democratic ticket
was at once called, and three hundred
and twenty we'll known citizens came
forward and made oath that they had
voted the Democratic ticket in that pre-.
cinct The official vote Of johnson
county has not been returned to the Sec
retary of State, but it is said there is a
great falling off in the Democratic vote
Perhaps the manner in which this de.
crease was brought about will explain
the decrease in the Democratic vote in
other localities where the Democrats
have not yet Investigated matters.
Year: 1864

COPPER AND TIN.-Copper is compare
lively soft mental; tin is still softer
Combine the two together by melting
them in the same vessel, and the mass is
very hard-much harder than either when
taken separately. Again, copper is not
one of the very heavy metals, and tin is
still lighter than copper. Combine the
two as above, and you have substance
weighing more than both when taken
separately. A bell made Of copper would
sound very dull, one made of tin would
sound duller still-in fact, it would be
utterly devoid of sonorousness but one
made of combination Of the two metals
is exceedingly and agreeable sonorous.


The results OF these combinations are
very curious, and have elected much
study. The causes of the changes pro-
duced by chemical attraction between the
two are still involved in mystery. Tin
and copper arc'among the most ancient
metals employed by men, and for a long
period were Of more general application
than iron, by reason Of the more rcfrac-
tory character of the latter, both in its
ore and as a metal. From tin and copper,
in oil probability, were made the earliest
metallic household utensils and imple.
mentS Of war. The brass" spoken of in
the early scriptures, and by the most an
cient profane writers, was doubtless an al.
10y Of tin and copper, and not the compo-
>ition now known by that name. Some
Of the peculiar chemical afiinities Of these
two metals seem to have been understood
at very early period in the history Of the
earth, and in many respects probably bet
ter than nt the present dag. The proper
I ton Of the metals employed for manufac.
turing edge tools have been found, by
careful anaIysis,to be about one five parts
Of copper to one part Of tin. The same
relative proportion is found in the tools
which have been recovered from ancient
toinbS in Peru, from mines which were
worked in Siberia at period when time
was young. and from the famous mines
in the island Of Elba, whose history had
been forgotten even when Virgil wrote
We are hot aware that any other metals
can be 50 combined as to produce so COM
plete destruction of the former proper
ties Of either Of the constituent parts
This change of properties is produced by
affinity" principle common,in great
er or less degree, in all bodies when
brought into a state Of chemical combina-
ton.
Year: 1864

A LAWYER being sick, made his last will
and gave all his estate to fools and mad.
men; being asked the reason for so doing
be replied: From such had it, and to
such give it again." ...
Year: 1864

BEFORE AND Whenever a Re-
publican Legislature has been elected in Cal,


ilornia, the press of that party were loud in


their congratulations upon the the election


of sound, honest, and intelligent men to rep,
resent the people. Upon the termination of
their terms of service they are equally vocifl
erous in their congratulations that by the
dissolution of that body the people have at
least been relieved from the corruption,
thieving and pecuation which have charac-
terized its labors. See editorials of the Alta
and Bulletin, upon the adjournment of the
Year: 1864

ANrIocH.--A coal lead has been discov
cred about six miles from Antioch, Contra
Costa county. The Stockton Beacon says it
is said to be of the finest quality. fit proves
as extensive as the discoverers suppose it to
be, they have fortune certain. They are
preparing to sink a we'll on it, for the pur
pose of ascertaining the quantity. The cop
per smelling works are at present idle, yet
they will resume operations soon. They
have some fine works and quite a quantity
ofcrude ore in their yard for smelling. 1t
is not their aim to perfect the metal (or pnt
it in shape for working but to put it through
one process, and then to ship to Europe for
finishing. There is steam ferry boat rum
ming there to Colinsville on the Sacramento
side; she goes over daily, and oftener if re-
quired. Business is quite lively, particularly
in the shipping line. Four or five vessels
are daily loading with coal, destined for the
San Francisco market.
Year: 1864

FoR IDAHO AND A FoRTUNE.-Everv out
going steamer from San Francisco TO Port
land is crowded with passengers for the new
mines of Idaho. The crowd though not so
great as month ago, is yet large enough to
show that California is losing valuable pop
uaiion of Industrious and sinewy men, who
will only be partially returned to the State
again.
Year: 1864

KILLED.-John Dugan has been commit
ted to the County Jail TO await the action of
the next Grand Jury. lie killed a man by
the name of Potter at Auburn Station on
Saturday evening last. Jealousy is said to
have been the cause.
Year: 1864

We were shown yesterday, says the Alta
of March 3oth new counterfeit half dollar,
which is well calculated to deceive any but
an experienced handler of coin. The dies
are extremely well executed, the figure of
liberty and Of the eagle being exact copies
of those on the genuine coin, but the milling
around the edge is very irregular and defec-
tive. The counterfeit has the IS" under
the eagle, that being the distinctive mark of
coin struck at the San Francisco Mint and
bears date 1853. The metal is composition,
containing large per cenlage of copper,
and the surface is heavily plated with pure
silver.


The Fremont MovEMENT.-It is believed
in Washington that The leaders Of the Ere
mont faction have determined to organize
in every election district throughout the
North, irrespective of the present Republican
organization, with view to run the Path
finder AS candidate, whether Mr.. Lincoln
is nominated by the June Convention or
not They alege as an excuse for this
revolutionary party action that The Baltimore
Convention is certain to he controlled bv the
great shoddy-contractng and office holding
interests. They assert that General Simon
Cameron is Commander in Chief of the Lin
coin forces, and that he has arranged the
delegations from all the Northern States in
favor of Mr. Lincoln in advance; hence they
decline to recognize the validity of a made
up convention, and will contest the canvass
until the close of the polls. This movement
in connection with Pomeroy's speech, is
creating no little excitement in Adminstra,
ton circles Nework Journal.
Year: 1864

SISTER. There is something sooth-
ing in the name of sister, when its ut
terancc calls up the warm affections of the
heart. The thoughts that circle round it
are quiet, beautiful and pure. Passion
has no place with its associations. The
bride is the star, the talisman of the heart,
the diamond above all price, bright and
blazing in the MONDAY sun a sister, the
gem of milder light, the talisman of
home, and set in coronct of pearls.
Year: 1864

Religion AT HOME. Religion begins
i'll the family. One of the holiest sane
tuarics on earth is home. The family
alter is more venerable than any alter in
a church built with hands. The educa-
tion of the soul for eternity begins by the
freside. The principle Of love which is
to be carried through the universe is first
unfolded in the family. +" Let them learn
first" says the apostle, "to show piety
at home"
Year: 1864

Fine sensibilities are like woodbines-
delightful luxuries of beauty to twine
round solid upright stem of un ler-
standing: but very poor things if they
are left to creep along the ground.
Year: 1864

Judging from the tone of the Atlantic and
home prints, we are led to believe We have
country still-we may still boast Of being
citizen of respectable nation-may still
boast of having flag that is voluntarily re-
spected by the weak and necessarily by the
strong. The same sources of information
justify us in believing and saying that :" oil
the clouds that lowered on our house, are
fast disappearing before the sun of Grant,
and loyal hearts throughout the land feel that
the time is near when the sky shall be free
from everything portending evil. The polit-
ical situation" is all that the most ardent
lover of bis country could desire. " Fana.i-
cal Abolitionists." as Union men are styled
by the opposition, abound to~such an extent
that Copperheads are as mild as sucking
doves, and as victory crowns the efforts OF
patriotic soldiers in the field, their numbers
grow beautifully less. Sheridan has enter
tained his last audience in the Shenandoah
Valley; Grant has but small crowd of lis
teners-and they are liable to break up in
row at any moment; Sherman has but a
struggling. demoralized audience, and in and
about Mobile, in Ohio, Indiana and Pennsyl
vania, Generalization pervades the ranks of
the enemy.


While quiet pervades the minds Of the
loyal who have been troubled, abiding faith
in the powers that be, and in the continuance
of such powers by overwhelming majorities at
the polls on the coming 9th Of November,
makes up great cause for present rejoicing.
But because we feel safe, and are safe, does
not release the people from the obligation to
show, by polling the last possible loyal vote,
how strong we are. Let us secure peace at
home by such an exhibition of strength as
shall utterly intimidate our enemies and give
the lie to Copperbead orator Of an adjoin
ing county, who in late speech said: "lf
Abe Lincoln is elected the second time the
North will be flooded with rivers Of blood"


By doing our whole duty, showing our
wholestrength, the littleness Of the opposition
will become SO apparent that even they can
not fail tose it, and that, too, in contrast with
their sins, which will SO loom up that they
cannot but sneak away to seek in obscurity
their only chance for safety.


Then we say la6or-toil incessantly-not
to win, but to show how magni6cently great
and loyal we are.
Year: 1864

SOUTHERN VIEWS OF NORTHERN DExoCRA-
cY-Ponard's Southern History of the War,
page %, contains the following paragraph.
Northern doughfaces may here see what es-
innate is put upon their honesty by the reb-
els whom they are so anxious to serve
Speaking of the causes of the war, the writer
says:


Another danger had become manifest to
the South. 1t was the generalization of the
Northern Democratic party on the slavery
question. This whole party had been an
unhealthy product; its very foundation was
a principle of untrutl-and false to its own
section, it could not be expected to adhere to
friends who.l it bad made from inter est, and
who had fallen into adverse circumstances.
1t had united to the South for political pow
Year: 1864

UNION MEN, RALLY I'VE publish a call
for meeting of our citizens this evening. at
the Court House, to organize Lincoln and
johnson Club. Let everybody be there who
has soul worth saving. We are late in this
organization, and We must make up for it by
energetic action from this time on to the day
of elect on.
Year: 1864

This journal has for months admonished
the people not to trust to the delusive
strains, that some newspapers have been
piping, Of an immediate submission Of the
rebels. The leaders, cut of from all
mercy, have resolved to struggle bitterly
and fercely against their certain fate.
Hence the Wholesale conseription of sll
classes in the South. Hence brutal refusal
to exchange prisoners. The republic must
endure other terrific struggles. The nation
must bow its head yet more in the chill OF
q great woe. The government sees this /;
sees that the arch traitor Davis is marshal
ing his dark hosts to make yet another as.
ssult upon our armies


The President has therefore wisely or
dered an additional draft Of two hundred
thousand men. The loyal men viii say
this is right. Better a short, fierce over
powering struggle this summer, than a
war dragged through painful years.


This new call, too, will crafty the We
tsrsas, who were sOrely dissatisfied when
they ascertained that instead of getting
three hundred thousand new men under
the last call, their names were to be count
ed in filling up the quota. Now they will
discover that it is the intention TO support
them adequately and promptly, By send
ing the full number Of new men into the
Geld, as contemplated when the previous
call IVES made.


We regret to see spsper claiming to be
in favor Of crushing the rebellion, make
such objections as did the Plain Dealer Of
last evening.


To characterize il SIS "Whimsical and un-
fair" savors strong of the COpperhesd.


1t is at least singular loyalty which
talks loudly of winning victory by the force
Of arms and then says Of this call that it
is trihiDg with the feelings of the public.


A little more effort on the part Of town
ships and wards that have already filed
their quotas, viii secure the required num-
Der. Send word to your veteran soldiers
that they will receive an extra bounty.
Two thirds Of your quota under the last
call is the number needed now. Come
braVely and manfully to the work
Year: 1864

Our exchanges tell US that the people Of
Northern Ohio and Western Pennsylvanis,
are alive to the coming Fair. Every town
sad village throughout this region is
aroused to the importance of this work


This is right; we thank you al, in be-
half Of the soldiers and the noble men and
women in the city who are busy night and
day in preparation for this great event.
It promises to be one of the most magni-
hoent demonstrations Of patriotism Of our
good loyal Yankees on the Reserve, ever
known in their history.


Send in everything you can, but espe-
Oially remember how many thousands are
to be fed each day.


We have question to ask ? The rail-
roads appropriated, If we are correctly in
formed, the proceeds Of their special trains
to the Cincinnati Fair. The railroads en-.
teFing Cleveland should do likewise. If
they will, let the public know it soon, as
that fact will add largely to the attend
anoe. All Of US must give heartily and
literally. What will cur Railroads do?
Year: 1864

To the Hon. Board Of Supervisors:


Whereas, | some time previous to this
drew some two hundred dollars of the
School Fund and gave a note and mort
gage and bond on eighty acres of my land
situated in MassiIon township, therefore
wish you to release the south east fourth
of the south west quarter Of section 80,
township 50, range west, upon the pay.
meat Of such sum as you may direct.


Respectfully,
Year: 1864

We have lots of good news no~--glori-
GUS news, but We cannot use it at present;
ere long you will hear it. | wish had
some of your devoted old Northern patri.
OTIS down here, just to show them whs.
was going on. They would go home, not
exactly with fea in their ear, but with
an assn o. in their hearts that would
bring gold down and Lincoln stock up
amazingly.


From what can learn from the other
side, the rebs are dreadfully uneasy about
Grants movements. They think there
is something ominous in his silence; they
fear he is up to something they know no,
OF. The poor devils may bet high on
that's all the consolation l can give
them. Why do they not attack and re.
lieys themselves of the suspense Why
did they not at attack at--Washipgton
more vigorously? Why, that is a game
that they cannot play at-that they are
played out att Petersburg correspond.
ence N. Y. Tribune
Year: 1864

How 1T Is TO BIZ DosE?-An Irishman
who was very near sighted, ab out to fight
a duel, insisted that be should stand six
PAGES nearer to his antagoniJ. than the
other did to him, and tha. the y we're both
to ere ut the same time This beats She
ri ian's telling lat man who V as going to
fight thin one that the latter s sim fig
ure ought TO be chalked on the other
porily person. and If the bullet hit him
outside the chalk line it was to 90 for mo-
thing.
Year: 1864

Very few farmers make any use Of this
article. 1t is supposed to be not only devoid
of value as a manure, but possessed of prin-
eiples which render it actually detrimental
and even poisonous to vegetation. Such, to
a certain extent, both experience and chem
istry prove to be the case. If crude pumice
be spread around bushes, it will destroy them
as effectually as would the same quantity of
salt or nitre. 1t will also communicate to
gross Lands the appearance of having been
burnt over, all the green vegetable matter
disappearing from the surface, and even the
roots appearing to be affected by its action to
almost an equally fatally extent as the tops.
But there are many articles employed as con-
stituents in compost, which possess no bene-
fetal properties, but which are reduciblo by
certain means to the condition of good and
efficient stimuli for most crops. Muck, and
all other similar substances which decompose
in submarine beds, contain, invariably, a
large per centage of tanic acid-a principle
powerfully injurious to vegetables in con-
centrated form, but which is readily neutral
lied and oven changed into salutary manure
by the agency of lime. If we take apple
pumice from the press, in its green state, Just
as it comes from the "cheese," and mix with
it one cask of caustic or quick lime, and two
bushels of salt to the CARLOAD of forty bushels,
adding afterwards two bushels of unleached
or leached wood ashes, and one of gypsum,
we shall have manure that will exert
powerful effect in promoting the development
and y s@atgration of any cultivated product
either Of the field or garden. Another effect
ual method of reducing pumiee to tho condi-
tion Of salutary pabulum for vegetables, is
to cast it into the hog yard, to be comminuted
and macerated by, the swine. 1t will also
here be exposed to another powerfully correc-
tive and genially modifying inauencs--that
Of fermentation. Owing to these causes and
principles, apple pumice deposited ia the hog
yard in the autumn, even when fresh from
the mill, and in possessiorruf all its acetbse
principles, will come out good manure the
succeeding autumn. But if you wish effect
ually to destroy bushes, such, for instance, as
alders, briers, and the like, in your fields or
cultivated grounds, where their presence is
Year: 1864

Can we well conceive more sublime pic
ture than that of the Ark, as it foated, in
isolated grandeur, upon the watery sepulchre
OF the world. It was the only connecting
link between the throne of God and desola-
ted earth. 1t was the monument slike of
mercy and ofjustice. It spoke in potent ac-
cents, of the wrath of Heaven, which could
only be appeased by the demolition of a Rebel
universe, and told Of Gods benignant nature
in his safely housing a righteous man from
the engulfng deluge. Angels must have
looked down with supreme interest on that
floating Ark. 1t must have been the cyno-
sure of ten thousand seraphic eyes. And
what must have been the feelings of Noah in
the SECURE retreat. How complex aud con-
tending must have been the emotions which
agitated his bosom as day after day rolled on,
and the noise of "deep calling on to deep"
fell upon his ear like the dirge-note of crea-
ton.


Pity for the submerged rebels must have
been predominant feeling in his breast--
Reckless as they had been, he must have
wept at the calamity which had come so sud-
denly upon them breaking up forever their
cherished purposes, and consigning them to
utter desolation. They were his Kindred
They were allied to him by the golden link
of common brotherhood -endeared to him
by closer ties, it might be, and when the race
to whom he had preached soelOquently, were
no more-oh, he must have felt as if an in
tegral part of his own nature were rudely
wrenched away, and his heavy heart split
into fragments. But another sentiment of
his bosom must have been thankfuIness to
God for his own individual security. Could
he look out of his window on that mighty
ocean on whose bosom he 6oated as an atom,
without extolling the goodness Of the AL
mighty, and profering him the snadulterated
homage Of grateful heart? He had been
singled out with his little family, and safely
housed as in the hollow of Jehovah's hand
when upon mankind at large had been sud