Year: 1862

dinerent education. different natures and dif


fcrent habits. And some American statesman


might with equal propriety rise up in the United
States Senate and advise separation between
the people of England and Scotland. on the
ground of different natures and education. and
separation Of the Irish people from both, on
the ground of still greater incompatibity.
England has held the Irish for centuries, against
their will, when they were alien in race, Ian
guagc and religion. And does she not to-day
hold many millions Of Hindoos, who hate her
yoke, and who lately struggled in bloody war
to break it. In race language, religion, nature,
manners, and oil things, they are different from
the English. Why does not Earl Russell propose
to yield them their independence! There
is far greater difference between the inhabitants
of two counties Of England-for instance,
Yorkshire and Middlesex, or Lancashire and
Suffolk-than between North and South Of
sell propose to repeal the union Of the English
Heptarchy, and resolve it into its original ele-
ments, as TO propose the repeal of the Ameri-
can Union on the ground of the inc0mpai-
bility of North and South. The people Of
North and South are of the same Anglo Saxon
and Celtic races. and they speak the Same Ian
guage, with far less difference of dialect and
accent than it is spoken by the inhabitants Of
the North and South of Great Britain. Their
education is, for the most part the same. And
SO like are the Americans of North and South
that when the cOntending troops meet each
other they instantly recognize q kindred peo-
pie, and begin to wonder why they are fighting.
There is far less difference between the people
of North and South on the slavery question
than is generally supposed Al Europe. At the
North every State was slaveholding till the in
stitution ceased to pay, and if it had ceased to
pay at the South no State of that section would
hold slave to-day. The preponderance of
European immigration into the Northern States,
and the difference of climates-one being suta-
BILE to the labor of the Caucasian, and the
other to the labor Of the negro-create differ
ence of interest in the slavery question. But
large majority of the people of the North
care nothing about the negro, except to keep
him away from them, and hence it is that they
object to his going into the common Terrific
ries. The antipsthy to the negro race is far
greater at the North than at the South. 1t is the
interest of the North to employ free white labor
1t is the interest of the South, at least of the
Gulf States, to employ black labor; and that is
best accomplished by servitude. There is no
real antagonism; for each system suits the cli-
mate, the natural productions and the laboring
population Of each, and both contribute to the
general prosperity, just as do the agricultural
population of the West and the manufacturing
population of the East There is, therefore, a
harmony of interests instead Of antagonism, and
North and South are linked together by the
same republican institutions, and bya federal
Union which provides for the common defence
and general welfare. Negro slavery is recog-
nized by the constitution as existing in differ
ent States Of the Union, and provision is ex-
pressly made for its protection. Under that
constitution it has continued for seventy-five
years; and there is far less reason for abolish
ing it in the Southern States now than there
was at the beginning.


The whole difficulty has been created by
handful of Northern fanatics, who borrowed
their inspiration from the British aristocracy.
The secession demagogues Of the South have
taken advantage of their violence, and for mere
political party purposes infamed the passions
of the people A Northern party also seized
the opportunity of raising an insincere outcry
against slavery, and using the abolition ele-
ment to bring them into power. They sue
ceeded, though in a minority Of the people,
just as the democrats formerly succeeded on
the tariff and internal Improvement questions,
and in 1852 upon the idea of ignoring and
burying forever the slavery question, which had
been settled by compromise in Congress in
1850.


The Southern demagogues and fanatics, de-
feated in 1860 and stripped of power, resorted
to rebellion instead of waiting for another
revolution of the wheel of fortune at the ballot
box But the war will soon put down this
rebellion, and the question will be settled
effectually forever. The abolition disunionists
will be crushed, as we'll as the Southern dis
unionists, by the conservative majority, North
and South, who are opposed alike to both fac
tions; and the agitation can never be revived
any more than the corn law question in Eng
land or any other defunct party issue. Having
received its quietus as q national question, it
can no longer create national division. 1t may
hereafter be subject of discussion for the
people themselves of any State in which it
exists, and they may abolish or retain slavery.
as they think fit. But there the matter ends.


There is no other cause of national dissen-
sion among us. Religion, the greatest source
Of civil war, is excluded from the political
arena, not only by the constitution, but by the
existence of so many sects Not so in the
British empire Religion is still one of its
chief difficulties, though it is no longer likely
to lead to civil war or disruption. For one
hundred and fifty years triangular contest
took place between Catholics, Episcopaians
and Puritans. At one time one sect was in the