Year: 1860




ed country necessarily demands variety
of employment. In order that the whole pop
ulation may be occupied with useful labor.


In country Of partial industrial pursuits.
while portion Of the populatian thrive aud
do veil, another portion are continually in
want Of employment, have no income. and
lead lives Of discomfort and anxiety. and are
ever 10 want.


Society, to be well organized, should af-
ford employment to every grade of physical
and mental capacity, and thus. in great
measure, live reciprocally within itself.


Society. all through California, is badly
organized in an industrial point of view.
because It does not harmonise with The prop
osition we have just offered, the truth Of
which is apparent to every one. Not only
should the various industrial pursuits be
represented within the limits of the State
but they should be represented in a great
degree in every community - within the
bounds Of every county, to be compatible
with the virtue, interests and happiness Of
the people. We have excellent examples Of
we'll organized society in the New England
States. Within the same town the pursuits
are multifarious, in accordance with the
multifarious capacities Of the people. Here
the sturdy farmer tills the field, or builds
the stone wall here one of his daughters
plies herself to bonnet making here another
to the manufacture Of clothing here larger
and smaller ones, in the different depart
ments OF cotton factory, while the mother
Of the family keeps house. and employs her
leisure moments in binding shoes.


In this way as society is there organized,
industry opens her arms to every one large,
small, male aud female, and TO the weak as
well as to the strong. None are left without
the means of an independent living; no
member of an INDECENT family need be bur-
then to the rest. but all may become tribu-
taries Of plenty, independence and wealth to
the common household. This is as it should
be. according to the teachings Of experience,
and as 1t is and must be, in every thrifty,
happy, miscellaneous community Of men,
women and children. And as the popula-
tion OF this State becomes more domesticated
Us ii becomes TO consist more Of families
and less OF colony, as il were of vigorous
working men and merchants, the Importance,
the necessity Of a variety of pursuit, which
shall command the united industry Of the
whole community, in mutual benefit, becomes
more patent to the understanding. The
disadvantage and the unhappiness Of an
almost exclusive pursuit is deeply felt in the
mines of California particularly. Here the
weak, the feeble, the man or woman OF cho,
sen pursuit, is the very hanger on the
loafer, the burden, the supernumcrary OF the
effective corps Of labor and out of these
come the criminals of the community, be-
cause they can find no employment conmen-
surate with their capacities. A man with
five or six children in the mines admitting
he is never sick) always gets work and re-
ceives wages at the rate of SO per day, can
just about make iriHg. Now, if there
was some employment for his children. when
they were vway from school, be could man
age to lay up something for rainy day -
but as this is not the case the future, without
" strike " promises but little, and to main
tain present existence demands nnremitting
labor. There is large amount of useless
labor in the mines, that can be employed at
from $40 to $40 per month, which is we'll
adapted TO manufactures. The best of ag-
ricultural labor is employed for $50 per
month by the year, and neat-herds get from
SIS to $50 per month. In the present con-
dition Of society in California, there is a vast
amount OF labor absolutely worthless.
Nothing is fit for the mines but the first class
OF bone aud muscle. A teamster would just
as soon think Of buying a mustang pony for
a wheel horse as q foreman of a mine would,
of employing common " stick of man" TO
delve in his fiinty caverns for gold.


Woolen factories at Sacramento and other
places, out Of and In the mines, would pay
at once ia the hands of those understanding
their conduct, and would prove the best OF
Investments. California, in a short time,
should manufacture every article Of wooden
wear consumed in the State. The manufac-
ture of blankets and miners goods, would
pay we'll at this moment. 1t is to the ad-
vantage Of Sacramento particularly to go
into the butiness at ouce Four woolen fac
tories should be erected there Immediately.
and they soon will be.