Year: 1868

the truth from an American citizen than al


untruth from foreigner, you pay vcr,
= fine compliment to the German intelligence
: you represent, for you say that they have


to be taught and watched and cannot fine
c the truth for themselves, you do not Sian


der me alone but the thousands of Ger
, mans who confess the Republican princi
) Piles, and who represent more intelligenc,
r and fairness, singly or collectively, thar


any equal number of American Democrat,
irrespective of race.


consider the white race, and in tho
language Of Vero, even dutchman
(although he endorses his friend Charley
pretension that dutchman will always
give his best cow as a ransom for his dy-
ing wife) us the representation of some.
thing superior.


When, however, DR.. Morton has shown
that the average brain of the negro is nine
cubic inches less than that Of the white
race, and while this should not be contra
dicted, although Drs. Tedcman and
Gmclin at heidelberg came to different
conclusion in their time as 10 the genera.
form, size and arrangement or microscopic
structure of the brain, say, granted that
the accroge difference Is such, il does not
follow yet, that in the scale Of intellectual
capacity the negro begins where the white
race ends. When we speak Of average
measures and capacities we mean that
there are sums above and below the aver
age line, and the average expresses merely
the result of addition and divisi.'n. The
lowest level of capacity of the white race
goes below the highest lever of the blck
race.


This is my idea, and this idea maintain
I because it can he demonstrated What
comparative level Vero has, do not wish
to decide. Certainly would not wish to
place him in accordance with the size of
his skull, fol he must know that the char
acter of organization, of texture and sus-
ceptibilty 10 function makes difference,
and have not yet measured the skull Of
Fred Douglass. There are some very large
skulls with decidedly course intellect and
know man whose skull is like bushel
basket and who eats immense quantities of
eggs because he has somewhere heard that
eggs make brain, and he is conscious that
there is yet vacuum TO be filled within
his skull.


Do you object to Fred. Douglass? Why
being SO sensitive about at there are
not any more on an average the negroes of
Africa in our midst. Thanks to the patri-
archical institution of slavery the Caucasian
blood has considerably enlarged the brain
of American negroes.


Ifyou should undertake again to quote
from Sir Charles I.ycll, do 1t better. Your
quotation: eminent anatomists have
shown that in the average proportion Of
some Of the bones of the negro differs from
the white race" can not understand
You speak in the light Of obscure darkness
Where is the subject of the sentence?


"You say, GLOW is the negro to be made
our equal? BY education. argues NJ
ANss tl NNNt6tibi hN i'n WINS
from the monkey type to that of.hc highest
man, by education he proposes to add TO
his brain nine cubic inches"


My dear Vcro, you conceded to the in
flucncc of education upon the whites. and
why not the blacks. who, thanks to the
Democracy, have been well nigh blcached.


You say, "ihc idea that the brain of the
negro or any other race can be enlarged
and the iniclellcct developed 10y education
has no foundation in truth or any sem
blancc OF support from history. AS 10 his
tory you refer again to Sir Charles Lycll
and subsiii uiing physiognomy for ca
pdcity IF skull you say that on these
monuments, nearly 1900 B. G. the negro
and caucasion were portrayed rs faithfully
and in as strong contrast as il the likeness
Of the races had been taken yesterday"
Did Sir I.ycll measure the brains and did
he speak in refcrentc to stability OF mental
capacity? Why has the white man made
the visible progress since then without
change OF physiognomy and why should
the black man have to change physiogno
my to prove prove progress in intellectual
capacity.


But allow me TO make also 'omc quota
ions:


Do you deny the influence Of culture
upon plants:


| Are not certain specimens entirely
changed? Where does the peach come
| from?


DO you deny the changes by domesiica-
tion and association brought about in ami
mails?


| Are the doncsticated animals not moro
tcachablc than the Wild specimens of the
same species?


Have they not changed their organism
and therefore their nervous ccnlers?


Are not you physical organization
who by your own experience can suffer in =
ieilcctually and morally by physical caus
es, will you deny that the mind of man suf-
fcrs any ups and downs, however for short
periods by what we call material causcs?-
Notice the child of highly educated and
careful mother surrounded ty the proper
means Tor nursing and education and com
pare the child Of n wrctched mother who Is
down to- the lowest level Of poverty and
want OF education, the victim Of our re-
fined civilization. See This child how il
was born lively little thing but finally
became scrofulus, crctinous. See how II is a
living contradiction of what it might be
naturally and bodily. Let this child have
children under the same miserable condi-
tions and you think its offsprings and the