Year: 1865

becoming visible. The daily amount il


estimated by pounds. The outlets o


these tubes are called pores. Vapor i.


constantly passing away in the breath


we do not notice it save on frosty NOR,


nings, but as much passes away through


the skin as through the lungs. Rubber


clothing tends to prevent the evaporation


of this vapor which has passed Outwardly,


and clothing underneath this impervious


substance becomes damp. Overshoes


make the feet sweat, as it is said, for this


reason, Flannel, on the other hand, from


its POROUS nature, absorbs readily and al


lows Incorporation promptly, consequent


ly is as desirable for a covering next the


surpace as the rubber is Objectionable


The moisture above spoken of, constant


ly passing away through the skin, holds


small quantity of organic matter in So


luton, estimated at from one to two


ounces per week. 1t is said to be albu-


men Cor white eff egg) "in a state of incl
pient decomposition" Albumen is the


basis of all animal organized substances.
IF this excretion could be stopped wholly
and at once, say by varnish applied to
the skin, the result would doubtless be
soon fatal; if otherwise impeded by ia
king cold and closing of the pores at the
surface, the transferring of this matter
from the external to the internal and COM
Elementary surface may give rise to the
false membrane of Group, tuburole and
consumption, or catarrh, the albumenous
deposit in the urine or chronic diarrh@a.


The nails, warts and corns, are all
growths from the true skin, the latter be-
ing of horny nature, and, like the form
er, for the protection ofexposed members.
The twinging pain felt in the corns at
changes of weather shows them possessed
of more vitality than would be found in
hardened cutical merely.


The coloring matter of the skin is de-
posted between the two layers which
the structure, or, more accurate
ly, on the.under surface of the cuticle and
is derived from the iron in the blood
Light, but more particularly cOntinu-
Gus elevated temperture, darkens the hue
of the skin and determines the color
The action of light in giving color to
plants is well known. Hot ATTITUDES make
dark skins, while cold ones bleach them.
Heat and excessive perspiration on the
scalp makes the hair curl to a greater or
less degree in all The protruding jaw
of the negro is characteristic of the saw
age state. Civilization tends to its re-
duction, and to change the form of the
head generally. The appliances, there
fore, of latitude, and the changes induced
by civilization, would doubtless in time
make of the African another person,
without any admixture of foreign blood
while there is tendency in man, gener-
ally, to unity, rather than diversity un-
der the same conditions and appliances
The subject of the unity, of the race can
not, however, be treated of to any extent
in this article.


To understand fully the value of cloth
ing and the materials therefor, it should
be understood that the vigor or heat of
the system is electrical in its nature, and
governed by the same laws which control
the electricity of the natural world
Whatever substances, aerial or material, |
which come in contact with the external
surface of the body, or of the internal
lining of the lungs, and are good electric
depress the vital powers by
the heart of the body, and in
as the latter is lessoned is the
system laid open to attacks of disease
The person who lies down in cold bed |
warns the bed at the expense of his own
heat; if snow bank be substituted for
he bed, death might occur if the expert
nent was sufficiently prolonged. The
BOY who bathes in the river is warming
he water to his injury often the harm
will depend much on the amount of time
spent in the water and the normal vigor
IF the constitution which is to honor the
lraft. Cold water bathing, more than is
demanded by cleanliness, is injurious
'ather than otherwise, as tending to chill
he surface andinterfere with the healthy
performance of its functions.


The immediate clothing of the surface
If the body should be a non-conductor
ilk and wooden are the best. The sub
titution of cotton for those so generally
n this latitude has proved an unmitiga-
ed curse for the deadening effect upon
be skin by its conducting properties has
ended to throw inwardly those excresiOns
which should pass OutWardly. In hot
climates the action of the surface is stimu-
ated by the atmosphere, but in the tenn
,erate zones the skin needs proper pro-
,Ortion, otherwise the inner surface of
he body, which is but continuation of
he outer, must do the work of the latter.
)ne of the first symptoms Of consump-
ion is a dead pearly whiteness of the