Year: 1865

ri uht Of voluntary migration and eNpat- 7
ration is not 10 be questioned, | would
not advise their forced removal aud
colonization Let US rather encourage
them to honorable and useful industry.
where it NAV be beneficial TO themselves
and TO the country; and. insted OF nasty
authorizations of the certainty OF iallure, .
let there be nothing wanting 10 the faif
trial Of the experiment Inc chahSe
IN their condition is the substitution OF
labor by contract for the status oil
slavery. The freedmen cannot larry
be accused of unwillingness TO work SO
long Us = doubt remains about his lree-
dom OF choice in his pursuits, anu the
certainty of his recovering his stipulated
wages In this the interests OF the en-
ployed coincide The employer desires
in his workmen spirit and alacrlty, ana
these can be permanently secured IN no
other way And If the one ought to be
able to enforce the contract, so ought
the other. The public interest VIII be
best promoted, if the several States VIII
provide adequate protection ana RENE
dies for the freedmen. Until this Is IN
some way accomplished, there Is no
change for the advantageous use o.
their labor; and the blame of i'll success
will not rest on them.


know that sincere philanthropy Is
earnest for the immediate realization oil
IFS renotest aims but time is always an
clement in reform 1t Is one OF the
greatest acts on record to have brought
four millions of people into freedom-
The career of free industry must be
fairly opened to them; and then their
future prosperity and condition must,
s,,11-
they fail. and so perish away, let us be
careful that the failure shall not be At
tributable to any denial OF justice. In
all that relates to the destiny of the
freedmen. we need not be too anxious to
read the future; many incidents which,
from a speculative point of view, might
raise alarm, will quietly settle them
selves.


Now that slavery is ut an end, or near
its end the greatness OF its evil, IN the
point OF view of public economy, pe-
comes more and more apparent Slavery
was essentially n monopoly or lapor'
and as such locked the States where II
prevailed against the incoming OF lFee
industry. Where labor was the property
of the capatilist, the white man was eN-
cluded from employment, or haa out
the second best chance OF hndlng it,
and the foreign emigrant turned away
from the region where his condition
would be so precarious. with the de-
struction of the monopoly, free labor
will hasten from all parts of the civilized
world to assist in developing various
+ and immeasurahle resources which have
hitherto lain dormant. The eight OF
nine States nearest the Gulf of Mexico
# IE,arn ant for
climate friendly, to long life, and can
sustain denser population than i
found as yet il any part OF our country
And the future influx of population &c
them will be mainly from the North, OF
from the most civilized nations o.
Europe. From the sufferings that have at
tended them during our Late struggle, le
rs look away 30 the future. which Is sure
% be laden for them with greater pros
prrity than has ever before been know II
The removal of the monopoly OF slave
labor is q pledge that those regions vii
be peopled by a numerous and enterprIs
ing population. which will vie with any
in the Union in compactness, inventive
genius, wealth, and industry.


Our Government springs from ant
was made for the peoplc-not the people
for the Government. To them 1t owes
allegiance; from them it must derive 1t
courage strength, and wisdom but
while the Government Is thus Doand &c
the people from what 1t derives It's cX
istencc. it should, from the very con
sideration of its origin, be strong in lt
power OF resistance to the establishment
ofinequalities. Monopolies, perpetuitles
and class legislation. are contrary 10 ta
genius of free Government, and ough
not to be allowed. Here, there Is m
room for favored classes or monOpoHes
The principle of our Government i
that OF equal laws and freedom OF IN
dustry. Wherever monopoly attains


footholi. it Is sure to be source Q
dancer. discord, and trouble We shal
but fulfil our duties as legislators b
according equal and exact justice to al
men. special privileges to none


The Government is subordinate to tn
naonle; bat. as the agent and represer
tativc of the people, it must be held 81


,arior to monopolies, which, IN then
selves, ought never to be granted. an
which. where they exist, must be 81
bordinate and WELD to the Governmen


The Constitution confers on Congres
the RIGHT to regulate commerce anon
the several States. 1t is of the fri
necessity. for the maintenance OF Ia
Tnion. that that commerce should


free and unobstracted. No State can
iustified in any device to tax the trans
of travel and commerce between State


The position of many States is such tha


;r they were allowed to take adyantae


Of it for purposes Of local revenue, Il


commerce between States might be /


iuriouslv burdened, or even virtual


prohibited 1t Is best, while the cou


t-y j. still Young. and while the tendenc


to dangerous monopolies OF this kind


still feeble. to use the power of Congre


so as 10 prevent any selfish impedimel
To the free circulation of men and me


chandise A tax on travel and mercha
disc. in their transit, constitutes one


the worst forms of monopoly, and Il


evil is increased if coupled with deni


OF the choice OF route. " hen the va
extent of our country IS considered,
i plain that every obstacle 70 the ir


of between Z