smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1869

The CRUST OF THE EARTH. If we
bury thermometer fifty feet below the
surface of the earth, the mercury will
remain at the same point the year round,
III winter and in summer, showing that
the influence of the sun does not reach
below that depth. If we carry the ther-
mometer fifty feet lower, the mercury
will rise one degree, and will rise in the
same ratio for every fifty feet We go
down. 1t can be easily calculated at
what depth all known substances will
melt This would not exceed fifty miles.
1t will thus be seen that the crust-or
solid part--of the earth is exceedingly
thin in proportion TO the diameter; not
so thick as an egg-shell. proportion to
the size of the egg. With a crust so
thin, constantly cooling, and producing
a pressure upon the internal masses, it is
not strange that the bed of oceans
should be elevated and from dry land.
and continents should sink and from the
beds of the oceans. Large mountains
have been elevated in single day, and
whole cities have been sunk in the same
space of time. The side of volcanic
mountain once broke away, and the livid
masses flowed ont, forming a river
twelve miles wide, which in its course
melted down six hills six hundred feet
high, filling up valleys six hundred feet
deep, spreading over a surface of eleven
hundred square miles.-Dr. Boynton.
Year: 1869

A writer in Chambers Journal gives some
most interesting facts about the Arctic and An
tartic oceans. These polar seas do not CONCEAL
until the thermometer falls to 2s1< degrees Of
Fahrenheit, and this happens in the Northern
ocean in September and in the Southern in
March. The only navigable time in the Arc
tic ocean is from July to September, and in
the Antartic from January to the middle of
March. As summer comes on in the North.
innumerable icebergs break off from the coast
of Greenland, and are borne southwark by the
polar currents until they meet the warmer
waters of the Gulf Stream, and are dissolved.
In melting, they drop upon the ocean bottom
immense quantities of debris which have been
torn OF from the soil of the main land. 1t is
conjectured that what is called the Grand
Bank of Newfoundland, has been formed by
the deposits of stones and gravel from icebergs
The climate of the Antartic ocean is wet and
stormy but equal, not subject to violent
changes that of the Northern ocean is dry,
but extremely variable.
Year: 1869

WEALTH.-The great end of human
exertion appears to be to enlarge cur
fortune, that it may be commensurate
with cur desires, real or imaginary
Some one quantity said once; that when
he set out in life he wished to become
rich, but his wife only desired to be
comfortable. He had long ago acquired
riches, but his wife was not comfortable;
so much do our wants increase with our
wealth. The true road to human happi-
ness, as all philosophers have instrusted
us, is to limit our desires by our ability
to crafty them. Content takes from
poverty its sting more than poverty de-
prives us of pleasures. Increase of
want and ungratitied desire sink wealth
down into all the Inconvenience and
unpleasantness of poverty. And, after
all, what can wealth buy that is most
valued in life-not love, health, friend
ship, beauty or longevity, and without
these where is human happiness to be
found
Year: 1869

RUSSIA AND AMERICA friendship
of Russia for the United States, already
firm, is to be confirmed. While we learn
from WashingtIn IN that the President and
Secretary Fish were very particular in
their suggestions to Governor Curtin
that he should impress upon the Gar
that the friendship to our Government
is fully appreciated and reciprocated, the
assurance comes to us over the cable that
the Emperor of Russia has signifed his
intention of sending an Envoy Extraor-
dinary to Washington for the purpose of
oongratulating President Grant on the
success of his election, and also to ex-
press the value that His Majesty sets on
the maintenance of friendly relations be.
tween the two nations. While tripartite
alliances are SO much the thing Just now,
here is little dipartite alliance is pros.
peces which is not to By sasesed at,
Year: 1869

MIR. j. NJ Hutchins, the pioneer. more eener.
ally known TO the community of late years
through the association Of his name with the
great Yosemite Valley, where he now resides,
is at present on visit to San Francisco. He
tells us that on a late visit to the "Neyada
Fall" he, with companion from this city. as.
cended TO the summit Of the "Cap of Liberty"
peak, to the north Of the fall, and there grow.
ing In assure Of the rock, away up under the
very clouds, found juniper tree, the trunk Of
winch measured ten feet two inches in diane.
ter' when we remember that the juniper is,
In most countries, very slow grower, and at
the best mere brush, hardly rising TO the dig
nifty OF tree at all, the statement of the i'm
mense size of this one seems almost Incredible
and some have been inclined to doubt the ex.
actness Of the measurement. Those who are
acquainted with Mr. Hutchins will not. how.
ever, doubt the correctness of his statement for
moment, and we are inclined to think that
the age of the tree is likely to be very much
less than those acquainted with the slow growth
OF the tree in other lands would naturally ca.
innate it. On the elevate plain lying around
the base of the great mountain chains of Cen
tral Arizona may be seen forests of the juni-
per cedar extending to the limit Of vision.
The trees in these forests are scattered like ap-
pie trees in New York apple orchard, and
are never of great height but the trunks are
often of considerable SIZE We have seen thou
sands which would measure from one to five
feet in diameter, and would yield several cords
OF beautiful wood They are, however, almost
valueless for timber, as the trunk Is invariably
but few feet in length-several large limbs or
minor trunks branching out at from five to ten
ieet from the earth, the top limbs spreading out
over space entirely disproportionate to the
height of the trees. This country is thickly
dotted with the ruins Of Aztec or Totic cities
and Notifications, in some of which timbers
exposed to the storms and blazing sun Of that
trying climate are yet to be seen in good
state OF preservation, showing that the build
ers must have disappeared at a comparatively
recent date. Juniper trees of immense size
are found on these ruins in some places. show
ing that in that climate at least the tree is of
more rapid growth than is generally supposed.
Nevertheless, the Yosemite juniper is Il remark
able tree, and worth the attention Of the sci
entifc.-Aha California;
Year: 1869

a CHEAP AND EXCELLENT FERTTL-
IzER.-Tbere has been found another
kind of homemade pondrette, which is
very valuable for various kinds of crops.
prepared as follows: Put into common
flour barrel bushel of dry loan, or
muck will do if not very dry, and satur-
ate it daily with human urine, mixing in
occasionally little plaster, and when it
is well saturated put in another bushel
of loan, and so on till the barrel is full.
A number of barrels can in this way be
filled during the season, and farmers will
find it excellent for all kinds of vines.
A few days before using mix again with
once its bulk of fresh loan or muck.


Then use about half pint to the hill,
putting over little dirt before dropping
the seed. For vines put into each hill
half a peck of the manure and mix it up
well with the soil in the hill. If YOU
wish to sow broadcast use without the
mixing. This manure is better than
many of the fertilizers in the market.


But this and some other kinds so valu-
able are allowed to go to waste year
after year. Is it strange that we find
farming an uphill business? Attend to
it without delay, and stop all the leaks
from the manure heap.


The same authority estimates the value
of hen manure at 81 per bushel for the
corn crop; should be used by mixing
one part hen manure to three parts good
loan thoroughly mixed together, and
putting half d pint in each hill of corn
at time of planting.
Year: 1869

Go when the morning shinetb,
Go when the moon is bright,
Go when the eve dcclineth,


Go in the hush of night.
Go with pure mind and feeling,
Fling earthly care away,
And in thy chamber kneeling
To God in silence pray.
Remember all who love thee,


All who are loqed by thee,
Pray, too, for those who hate thee,
If any such there be.
Then, for thysclf, in meekness
A blessing humbly claim,
And link with each petition


Thy great Remembers lnme.
Year: 1869

struck through the city streets seeking
on the ship had been alarmed. They
found the Portuguese dead in his ham
mock, with his belt, his precious belt, Of
which he had talked SO much, cut away,
and the STANCE sailor missing. He was
pursued and captured with the money
about him, and blood stains on his
clothes


And in the city where he was born,
and where yet his old mother dwelt he
met the fate Of the murderer And be
fore he died he made full confession Of
all his crimes.


There are people who 60 to see men
hung. Those who gratifod that horri.
bic curiosity that day, heard the gray
haired man upon the gallows, speak
these words


am about to die, and ! die justly ;
but if there is parent here | want to
tell that parent that my father and
mother who loved me so might have
saved me from this awful and shameful
eud. had the propensity to crime
stronger than the rest but might
have been cured,


/ began by stealing cent from an
old woman,s toy shop till. III had been
punished then believe | should not
have stolen again. but it was made light
Of, and | went on. and here / am. But
with my last breath want to ask you
to watch your children, and no matter
how slight crime seems in one of them,
to weed it out with all Jour strength,
that it may not bring them TO my end at
last"


And then the black cap was put on,
and Harry Rose looked on tho world no
more.


And his is not the only instance
which warns us from what small begin
nings great crimes spring.


The theft of only cent may end in
burglary or highway robbery ; the lisper
of white lie may come to forget truth
and honor utterly; and the little fist
ready with baby blows, grown largo aud
strong in manhood, may commit mur.
der.


Weed your children's hearts even as
you would your garden beds, or rank
things will grow there apace and choke
the flowers.
Year: 1869

ELEGANT ExPERiMMT.-Now that
the fruits are ripe, the following
beautiful experiment may be tried /:
Monograms, initial letters, or other dc.
signs, can be printed on such fruit as
apples, pears or peaches by the sun, with
very pretty effect, of either n light or
dark color. To do this, draw the mon.
ogram, letter, or design on a piece Of
writing paper, and paste it with mucil-
age or glue upon the side Of the fruit
exposed to the sun. Just before the
fruit begins to color, and when the fruit
is ripe, and the paper is removed, the
design will appear in lighter or DIFF
ferent color from the rest Of the fruit !;
as for instance, if the experiment is
tried on yellow feshed peach with a
red cheek, the design will appear in
gold, surrounded with red. Ii the op.
posite effect is desired, take small oval
or circular piece of paper, and cut out
or pierce the letter or design in it, and
paste it on the fruit, which when ripe,
will have the design in high color on
yellow or light green ground, of the
shape of the piece Of paper, and this
again will be surrounded by tho brigh.
ter color Of the fruit.
Year: 1869

CURATIVE Powers or IcE.-The
curative and relieving powers of ice are
found more valuable year after year
Small Jumps Of ice swallowed whole
will often check acute stomach inAam.
nations, and will prevent nausea if heat
is applied outside at the same time.
Pounded ice, applied to the spine, is
said to cure sea sickness. A bit Of ice
will help diptheria and all other throat
complaints. To become delightfully."-
cool in summer, apply ice, wrapped in
paper, to the back Of thehead for one
moment.
Year: 1869

The recent changes In the various
wards fer party purposes will occasion
many voters a great deal of annoyance
and trouble. Some of them will have
to be registered in one ward to enable
them to vote for city officers, and then
walk ten or twelve squares ia order to
be registered in their proper township
district On election day they will
have to take the same long tramp in
order to vote for both township-and
city officers. The voters formerly in
the Ninth Ward will have TO go to
Habenicht's Grocery to vote for city
officers, and then go back to Uhl's
Pottery, on Main Street, to vote for
township officers. Similar trouble
viii be experienced by the voters in
the Eighth Ward who have been
trans sferred to the Ninth. The whole
arrangement IS an outrage upon the
votey-, and, We think, will prove
prof less to the gentlemen Of the
Council who made all the trouble
We have done what we could to lei
voters know where they belong. We
publish this morning the boundaries
OF the wards and the precincts of the
township. We urge Republicans tC
sean fbese boundary lines closely, anC
do what hey can to get full aud faii
register Of all the voters. The Elec


tion Boards will have to exert them
selves to prevent endless confusion
aud great dissatisfaction.
Year: 1869

the sufferer. IF Ex-Mayor BAKER
misstated facts in his report, we
want to know it. IF Mayor WALKER
has not given US the whole truth, the
people want to know that. We be-
lieve the committee is fully competent
to find out all the people want TO
know. Let us have all the facts. We
want the whole matter laid bare be-
fore the people. When that is done
we are content.
Year: 1869

"The new Constitution will un-
doubtedly be accepted by the white
rebel majority, the military being
hardly strong enough under its
present energetic commander, Gen
eral Candy, 10 secure such peace or
tranquility as may enable a fair
Year: 1869

"The new Constitution abolishes
the wise safeguard offered by the
reconstruction acts, with regard to
the right of Suffrage, allowing in
this respect tho utmost latitude to
the disloyal. As a provision to Sc
cure the voting privilege and other
civil and political rights TO colored
citizens against hostile measures, it
was proposed TO insert the follow
ing section in this Constitution as a
guarantee that future legislation
should not abridge theIrrights
Year: 1869

AS was about to pass my first night
in Japanese house, i watched anxious
ly the preparations for sleeping. They
were simple enough: mattress in the
form of very thick quilt, about seven
feet long by four wide, was spread on
the floor; and over it was laid an ample
robe, very long and heavily padded
and provided with large sleeves. Hav.
ing put on the night drross, the sleeper
covers himself with another quilt, and
sleeps; /. e., if he has some years prac.
tce in the use of his bed.


But the most remarkable feature
about Japanese bed is the pillow
This is a wooden box about four inches
high, eight inches long, and two inches
wide at the top. 1t has cushion OF
folded papers ON the upper side to rest
the neck on, for the elaborate manner
of dressing the hair does not permit the
Japanese, especially the women, to press
the head on pillow. Every morning
the uppermost paper is taken off from
the cushion, exposing a clean surface
without the expense of washing pill
low.


/ passed the greater part of the night
in learning how to poise my head in
this novel manner; and when finally
closed my eyes, it was to dream that
was slowly beheaded, and to awake a,
the crisis to find the pillow bottom-side
up, and my back resting on the sharp
lower edge of the box. During my stay
in the country l learned many of it,
customs, mastering the use of chop,
sticks, and accustoming my palate to
raw fresh fish, but the attempt to bal
ance my head on q two.inch pillow
gave up in despair, after tying it to my
neck and head.-Pumpelly's Trareli
Round the WOrld
Year: 1869

The laborer is worthy of his hire
and We are decidedly in favor Of paying
all good, faithful workers the highest
wages that can possibly be afforded.
But the employer is equally worthy of
his hire. The farm cannot pay beyond
a reasonable per centage of its products
for werkmen. The cost of freightage
and other marketing expenses is about
the same for wheat at $50 per bushel as
for that sold at 81 30. But making no
allowance for this, let US reckon the
wages of laboreIs in wheat, or other
produce, which he must buy for his fam
lily. Suppose we put the wages of a
good workman at ! bushels of wheat per
week with board, or 81 bushels without
board. This, with wheat at Sl.5O per
bushel, is S25, or S34.T per month, if
the employer sells his wheat and pays
money. Is it just that he should pay
the same money wages when his wheat
brings only 75cf The plain truth is, he
cannot afford it. He cannot give s or
II bushels of wheat for weeks work.
Ii the laborer could feed his family two
years ago on four bushels of wheat per
week, he can get along on less than
double that quantity now, while the
employer is straightened for the means
to pay interest, purchase machinery or
implements, stock, etc. If labor
ers do not appreciate these facts,
and moderate their demands &C


eordlngly, farmers will, from dbsolHte
necessity, be compelled to shorten sail,
and a large number OF laborers will be
thrown out of employment. Every
farmer will, of course, do the best he
can to retain his well-tried men. and to
keep some improvements going on. Bv
the way, we would like to receive from
some of our readers, in different parts
of the country, statements as to the
number of bushels of wheat, and of
corn also, that have been equivalent TO
the average wages of farm hands, with
and without board, during each of the
years 1864, 1867 and 1S69-we refer to
men employed by the month for the en-
tire yesr,-Agricultarist.
Year: 1869

THE following paragraph from the
Baltimore Sans Washington special,
is very suggestive. After speaking OF
the preparation of the Presidents mes
sage, the correspondent says:


Nearly all the members Of Congress
who have arrived from the West thus
far complain of scarcity of money in
that section. They are opposed to all
sche mes of contraction, and clamorous
for more currency. No man from the
West, they say, who favors contraction
can be re elected, so sensibly is the want
of money felt Of course they are all
against resuming specie payments, be-
cause they say this would have about
the same effect as violent contraction
Of the currency.
Year: 1869

AFARMER needs pluck. Capital Is
very desirable, but pluck is worth more
to farmer than capital. A little cap
ital and good deal of pluck is what ID
wanted. "Times are hard" but what
of thati People must eat and it is ouI
busines to raise the food. We do not
raise any teo much. 1t is not pleasant
to find that wheat we expected to get
81 90 for will bring only Sl.0O. But all
business is sub ject to such fluctuations,
and we are on the whole no worse Oh
than other people. l was at the West
once when corn was worth only 10 cents
a bushel; and many of the wildcat bank
bills in circulatio II were not worth
over 80 cents on the dollar. The bot
tom seemed TO have dropped out Of
everything. Iexpected to see the farm
ers thoroughly disheartened. Not "A bit
of it. They "kept right en,' working
harder and faster, if possible, than be.
fore. Ia less than two years from that
time, corn in the same place was worth
81. 10 per bushel, and the farmers who
went ahead got their reward. 1t will
be the same again. There Will be q
sharp reaction in prices, and / should
not be surprised if it comes before an
other harvest. But at any rate all the
food We can raise will be wanted. Most
of us will lose money this year.
We have paid too high wages,
but if wise, we can correct this mistake
next year. For my part i havo made up
nv mind not to have single extra
days work done before next May, unless
can get it done for dollar. At that
price l would do anything that needs to
be done in the way of permanent i'm
provement, and give any man who IS
willing to work an opportunity to do so.
The country cannot afford to have me
lie idle. Buff they demand exorbitant
wages we have no alternative but to
stop every kind of work that is not alb
solutely Iecessary to be done.


In the meantime let us take good care
of our stock. Instead of forcing our
grain upon an over-supplied market, let
us feed it ont. We shall get our money
back with interest. Hay is selling in
Rochester at So to $40 per ton. Glover
hay is worth that for manure. Do not
sell pound. Feed it out and let our
fields have a dressing of good manure
next spring. at is all very well to
talk in this way" you say, "but what
are we to do for money! That is a
very ugly question. 1t is what have
asked myself many times during the
last month, and the only answer / can
get or give is pluck" There is light
ahead. Good farming will pay as well
in this county as III any other-and ]
think better. Let US have faith and
keep working.
Year: 1869

THE attempt to raise $4,000 for the
family of the late Secretary RAwLINs
has failed, for RAwITNs is dead. RAW
LINS was assured By the political and
personal friends around his bed wien
he toand that his life was near its close.
that the money should be raised, but
RAwLISs is dead, and thore is no profit
in keeping iAith with the dead. If
RAwLINs were alive and in possession of
all his old patronage aud power, twice
TIE proposed amount could be raised in
his behalf, but RAwLINS is dead, and
what is the patronage of dead man 7
Year: 1869

If the treasury declares specie pay
ments, offering to redeem greenbacks in
specie, the offer will be to give hum
dred dollars for eighty dollars. How
long before every man would present
his eighty dollars to get the hundred 7
Wouldn't that depend simply upon the
distance he had to run and the length
and MIN bleness of bis legsf
Year: 1869

THE dispatches say that President
GRANT is at work on his message and
refuses admission to visitors, though a
great many call at the White House.
Probably he doesn't want people to see
whs is helping him in the preparation
of his message. They say he even
keeps his key hole plugged. If we may
Judge from his letters, what a queer
thing would be message written by
his unaided hand!
Year: 1869

The horse is like his driver, and tht
dog like his master. A nervous, timer
Gus man is almost sure to have skittish
horse, shying at everything unsteady
and a runaway if be gets a chance
Many COW is spoiled by lack of patience
and Quietness in the milker, and the
amount of milk depends moro upon the
mixer than the pssturage. If man
IS afraid of horse, the animal knows il
before he goes into the stable. We
have seen the most inoffeBsive cow in
the herd so wrought upon by the ner'
vouSness of greenhorn SOD of Erin, as
to dextronsly plant her fo.t in his breast
and send him rolling heels-Over-head
A noisy, boisterous fellow about fatten'
ing stables will cause serious loss in
gain of flesh to the animals. So i'm.
portant is quiet to them when they are
digosting their their food.
Year: 1869

A Louisville septuagenarian recently
got divorce from his wife, aged six
teen, because she put cat into his bed.
He has just been placed under bonds at
the complaint of his next wife because
he threatened to beat her for refusing
him sugar in his whisky.
Year: 1869

TIE New York Times remarks that any
project to raise 5000 900, or 100000, or
any other sum, to hold an International
Exhibition in that city, is very praise
worthy and enterprising. But appeal
isg . to Congress for authority to raise
half million by taxation, for the same
purpose, is quite another matter. Ii
the proper sum cannot be raised by vol.
untary effort, the inference would seem
to be that there is not population or
wealth enough in the city to justify it
in holding the Exhibition. We trust
therefore, that Congress will not be
called upon to tax the people even fol
So commendable project.
Year: 1869

A correspondent of a Kansas paper
urges the editor to continue to pour red
hot thunderbolts right into the teeth of
the leeches and sharks that are sucking
the life blood from the people, advice
that is worthy of Sir BOYLE Roche.
Year: 1869

The Louisville Courier Journal asks
US if there is "any reason in law, any
reason in morals, any reason in common
sense, why we can not honestly get rid
of debt due to the bosdholder by pay
ing in the exact kind of money with
which all other classes throughout the
country are honestly paidT