smithclay/nortonstories huggingface dataset:
Year: 1862

The greatest danger to our daught-
ers in the present time is the neglect
of domestic education. Not only to
themselves, but to husbands, families,
and the community at large, does the
evil extend. By far the greatest
amount of happiness in civilized life is
found in the domestic relations, and
most of those depend on the domestic
culture and habit Of the wife and
mother. Let our daughters be intel-
lectually educated as highly as posi-
8ible; let their moral aud social nature
receive the highest graces of vigor and
refinement; but along with these, let
the domestic virtues find prominent
place.


We cannot say much about our
daughters being hereafter wives and
mothers, but we ought to think much
of it, and give the thought prominence
for their education. Good wives they
cannot be, at least for men of intelli-
gence, without mental culture /; good
mothers they certainly cannot be with
out it; and more than this, they can
not be such wives as men need, unless
they are good housekeepers, with out a
thorough and practical training to that
end. Our daughters should be prac-
tically taught to bake, wash, sweep,
cook, set table, and do everything ap-
pertaining to the order, neatness,
economy of the household. All this
they can learn as we'll as not, and
better than not. Itneed not interfere
in the least with their intellectual
education, nor with the highest degree
of refinement. On the contrary, it
would greatly contribute thereto
Only let that time which is WOrse than
wasted in idleness, sauntering and
gossip, frivolous reading, and various
modern female designations which kill
time and health, be devoted to domes'
tic duties and education, and our
daughters would soon be all that the
highest interests of society demand
A benign, eleyating influence would
90 forth through all the families of the
land. Health and happiness would
now sparkle in many a lustreless eye,
the bloom would return to butify many
faded cheek, and doctors bills would
give way to bills of wholesome fare
Arthar's Magazine.
Year: 1862

A failure of this crop is common
from the disease called 'anbury," or
"fngers and toes;" the roots swell
and after a time rot off; new roots are
often sent out which keep the plant
alive, and give hopes ofsuceess. But
the disease soon reaches the new roots,
and after hard struggle the plant
dies, or starts too late to make a good
head, Fortunately, this most destruc-
tive disease generally showes itself by
the time the plants are large enough
to set out, and where the roots show
the least tendency to swelling, the
plants should be rejected at once
The grand remedy of the cabbage
growers who supply our large vegeta-
bic markest is, never to plant the
same piece of ground with this crop
two years in succession. The cabbage
is more sensitive than most other
plants, to feeding upon its own decay.
For this reason, unusual care should
be taken in preparing hot-beds for
starting plants, during this month
IF the same soil have been used for
starting plants the year before, it will
be very likely to impart the disease
to the young plants. Very much de-


pends upon the preparation of the seed
bed, whether it be under glass or not.
For late plants it is well enough to
plant the seed in the hills, but for the
early crop, it is indispensable to have
either cold-frame plants, kept through
the winter, or those started as early as
March, in gentle hot bed. Whatev-
er the amount of manure used, there
should be at least six inches of fresh
soil upon the top. Leaf mold from
the woods, mixed with sand or
with yellow loan, makes a good
seed bed in which to start the
plants. The writer has always sue
ceeded better with cabbage upon green
sward broken up the previous Fall,
than upon any other ground. In such
soil, we may use almost any quantity
Of stable manure with decided aavan-
tage TO the plants. Hog manure is
always to be avoided. I have never
yet succeeded in composing it with SO
much muck as to make it entirely safe
for this crop. Ashes are excellent,
both as a manure and as a safeguard
against insects. They should be used
in the seed bed, and around the plants
soon after transplanting.-COr. Am.
~r
Year: 1862

The affections are the true food of
life. They underlie ell conduct
From them conduct departs, and to


them it returns. To many, life is
absolute famine without love, and a
perpetual feast with it. There be
some who, if they are not loved, and


they have no liberty of loving, though
you place them never so high, though
you surround them with every element
touching their vanity, walk sepulchral.
No matter what they have, they are
not fed unless they are fed inwardly.
They were made to feed at the heart,
and not through any other part of
them. And there are many that are
full, and strong, and happy when feed
ing upon love, who, when that is taken
away, are utterly broken down and
good for nothing; are like one that is
starving to death. With such persons,
while the heart is filed, the house is
like a palace upon which the sunlight
rests by day, and whose gisncing
windows make artificial day at night.
Year: 1862

"What shall I do to rid my. peas of
bugs ?" exclaim both gardeners and
farmers. And we will attempt a re-
ply. The pea-weevil, small, brown
bug or fly, appears early in the Spring,
at the time the first crops Of peas are
forming their pods. He stings the
tender pod, right against the nascent
pea, and deposits an egg. Sometimes
he punctures every pea. A grub is
soon hatched, which eats his way into
the heart of the pea. Here he grows
apace, and by the time the pea is ripe
he is full grown, about an eighth of
an inch long. He is now a white
grub, and has eaten out nearly one
half of the pea. His next step is to
pass into the pupa state, where he
remains until the last of autumn,
when he becomes black beetle, and
is prepared, on the opening of Spring,
to attack young peas and to reproduce
his kind. This being the natural his
tory Of the insect, we may judge when
and how to attack him, The black
bird, crow and oriole are his bone
enemies, but they do little towards
exterminating him. Of the several
methods employed successfully, here
is one: 4


Make as many wooden boxes as
you have varieties of seed, and fit them
with tight covers. After gathering,
sorting and drying the seeds, put three
or four bits of camphor, the size of a
pea, into each box, shake we'll together
and put away. The bugs viii be dis
gusted. Another way is, to scald the
seed for about half minute in boiling
water, just before planting. This will,
atleast, destroy the grubs in the seed.
If peas are buggy, we usually take our
seed, peck at a time, and just before
sowing, pour in boiling water enough
to cover them then stir until cool,
and sow. The scalding has never
appeared to injure the germs, while it
utterly destroys the bugs, and hastens
the sprouting. IF toe large q mass Of
peas. be takeR togetheP, Or if rapid
stirring b omitted they might he n
iured. IS s tho heat.


Another is this Gather the peas as
soon as ripe, dry them for two days
in the sun Then put, about pint at
time, in colander, cover with pan,
set them over a vessel of boiling water,
keeping them there until the steam
has penetrated the whole mass of seed.
Then spread them out to dry, and put
away IN boxes or papers. This will
kill the pupa, while it will not injure
the germ of the seed.


Peas sown as late as the middle of
June, are seldom infested with the
weevil, because its period for deposit
ing eggs is then past. 1t is common
and good practice to SOW peas for the
next years seed very late in the sea-
sOn.-Anaericdn Agriculturist.
Year: 1862

BEEF TKA--Beef tea should net be made like
common gravy or broth, out by a process
which will prevent the fat mingiine with IL
Cut half pound of nice gravy meat into Thin
slices and lay them in q hollow dish, pouring
over than a pint and a half boiling water
cover The dish and place il near the IRE for
half an hsur: remove the tea into sapcepan,
ard boil n ten minutes over a quick nre. re-
move the scum which has risen in boiling let
IL stand covered ten minutes longer. strain on
and season with salt only. Beef tea thus made
is light and useful nourishment 70 those
whose stomachs are weak and irritable.
Year: 1862

DARING BURGLARY.-On Tuesday evening.
between six and seven o'clock, come smart
thief entered the house OF Mrs Kelly Or the
corner OF Sixteenth and l. stresfs while the
family Were at tea, and, going up stairs, locked
himself in room and broke open a bureau
yer. One Of the neighbors, seeing a light in
the room, Went in and asked Mrs. Kelly who
was up stairs. On going 70 the door of the
room, they tried 10 get in, and the thief IN ade
of by jumping out OF the back window on a
shed, and from there TO the ground.
Year: 1862

The California and Oregon papers come
to US teeming with accounts of the proba-
BILE emigration from those States to the diff
ferent mining localities of the upper coun-
try Some of them estimate the number at
from twenty to thirty thousand and the
Yreka Journal, having failed to convince its
readers that all the gold reported to come
from these mines was first taken there from
other mines by schemers, spectators and
steamboat owners, for the purpose of crea-
ting trade and travel, has at last come out
with the truth, aud states that men are leav-
ing eight and ten dollar diggings, resolved
to try their fortunes in the new gold fields
The Journal has made an estimate of the
comparative distances to the mines, and
concludes that a route to them may be OBJ
tanned directly from that point; and in view
of this hypothesis, congratulates its readers
upon the rather remarkable assumption that
Yreka will become an important depot for
the trade arising from these mines. Wheth-
er this is far-fetched or not, we will not
stop to contend. If such a scheme is prac-
ticable-if the future shall develop a route
more desirable than the present great natu-
raj thoroughfare along the valleys, connect
ing northern California with the more east
ern country, it is highly important that the
people should have the benefit of it. It
would also place us in more immediate
overland communication with California
and by so doing would aid in perfectng the
reciprocal relations that exist between us.


The extent of the immigration to this
country during the coming season cannot
be accurately anticipated at this time, but
it will be safe to set it down at fifty thou
sand. This number will be made up from
people already on the coast, and it is rea-
sonable to suppose that the news of the
new gold fields will attract many from the
Atlantic side, not only of the young and
adventurous classes, intent on trying their
luck at mining, but the farmer will seek a
homestead in the neighborhood of the mines
in order to be sure of market for his pro
ducts. This will be the means of settling
up our valleys with thriving farmers. They,
Of course, will bring their families, thereby
furnishing population much to be desired.
Let them come. A thousand avenues of
industry are open for them and numberless
waste places in our valleys invite them to
successful labor.
Year: 1862

The speculations relative to the present spell
of weather." which have been induged in by some
of our citizens, would perhaps i'll become preach
er, aud would doubtless be classed under the head
of profanity by less godly men than preachers are
usually supposed to be. However, We will pre-
sent few of them to our readers by way of va
nety.


A downtown acquaintance of ours, who it is
generally understood possesses full share of the
"rocks," and is proverbia for "standing up to
what he says" was Offering the other day to bet
a thousand dollars against eight hundred, that
winter would only be fairly begun by the 4th of
next July. 1t is generally conceded to be a
"knock-dOwn argument when person proposes
to back up his opinion with the "grand cash y
and in this particularly covetous age it is not pre-
sumed that man will propose so rash thing
unless he knows whereof he afirms If this indi-
vidual possesses the gift claimed (even by modern
writer's for Nostradamus or for the Quaker and
other modern prophets or astrologers-who have
foreshadOwed the present American revolution
all we have to say is, won't it be magnificent
ocdoOh lOI NOOu IlCICudllS! anu II WOOu is worth
twenty dollars per cord now, how much will it be
worth by the 4th of July?


A retired "probationer" who is growing impa--
tent for "break up" so that he may get off to
the mines, was proposing to a crowd around stove
which he has been warming for the past two
months, to select deputation of ladies and send


them out to solicit subscriptions to raise funds for
defraying the expenses of having a " Chinook
wind sent from the Pacific occan-said wind to
blow until the snow is entirely demolished and
by way of adding strength to this proposition, he


insisted that this is the usual modern way of car
rying out provdental affairs and overcoming evils
citing to Beechers Minnie Rifle movement. and
the consequent downfall of slavery in Kansas, as
well as to this universal plan of cushionng the
pews in the churches and buying automaton
psalm singers"


Another listened to this proposition and very
gravely asserted that it was impracticable; that
the Chinook, or warm winds, did not blow from
the Pacific ocean, but that they were occasioned
by the cold air rushing into the great basin of the
Columbia, the sands of which are heated by the
continual shining of the sun upon them"-citing
the scientific correspondent of the Statesman "
as authority upon this subject,-and suggested,
that the had failed to shine upon said sands
for long time, owing to the great depth of snow
which had by some means got between the sun
and the sand, that said scientific correspondent be
hunted up and set to shOvelng the snow off, so
that the sun might have a chance to draw wind
Year: 1862

WALLA WALLA, Jan. %, 1862


EDS. STATESMAN-I notice an article in the
Mountaineer of the 29th ult., under the head of
Routes to Salmon river, which, reckoned bv
the rule Of answering a fool according to his
folly" deserves a passing notice. The editor, in
the article referred to, makes it appear that there
are but two routes to Salmon river, viz: by way
CT the river to Lewiston, and overland by way of
the Grand ROnde valley. In the first named
route, the editor purposely commits blunder
when he gives the distance from Deschutes to
Lewiston at 300 miles, for it is only 27O miles.
Again, in giving the distance from Lewiston to
the mines at 100 miles. he blunders lust % miles
for it is only II miles from Lewiston to the mines.


His indirect assertion that there are but two
routes, when properly understood, is correct; but
when viewed in the light in which he presents it,
is certainly an unpardonable blunder geknows
full well that no trail has ever vet been found
from the Grand Ronde valley to The mines that
old mountaneers who have travelled over that
section Of country pronounce the mountains be-
tween the Grand Ronde valley and Salmon river
lmpassablej that parties have tried to reach the
mines by that route, and have been compelled TO.
re-cr0ss the mountains and come by Walla Waa
that Mr.. Abbott, whom he gives in former num-
bers as authority on the Grand Ronde route has
been unable to find a trail to Salmon river and
instead Of driving his cattle through to the mines
as ne expected TO DO last fall, has been compelled
to winter them in the Grand Ronde valley. l
presume it makes but little difference to Walla
w allaians whether a trail is found by the Grand
ROnde valley to Salmon river or not, as in anv
event they cannot but receive a full share of the
benefits arising from the travel to the mines; but
| submit that the position assumed by the Noun
taineer deserves severe criticism. A large over
land immigration will come to the mines in the
spring, and to have them sent off on E" Meek's
Cutoff" any such like expeditions, is no better
than barbarism. If there is practicable route
by way Of the Grand Ronde valley, the future
will establish the fact; and when that fact is es-
tablshed then it will become the duty of the ed
itor OF the Mountaineer, a public journalist, to
publish it to the world regardless of town or indi-
vdual considerations.


have conversed with two men whom know
to be reliable, who have come from the Grand
ROnde valley this winter, and they positively as
sure me that no road has yet been found from
that place to Salmon river, and they give it as
their opinion that the present excitement upon
that subject is mainly the work of one or two
spectators, assisted by the editor of the Noun
taineer, who has probably been deluded into the
idea that such a road has been found.


/ have friends coming to the mines in the spring
and my advice to them and all others is. if you
take an overland route, come by Walla Wala.-
The road is good one, q have travelled over
every foot Of IT'D and by coming this way you will
run no risks of failing to find ferries or of getting
lost in the mountains. JOHN e. TRIPP.
Year: 1862

DALLES, Dec. 30, 1861.


EDS STATEsMAN-The fourth number Of your
paper has reached US, bringing much interesting
information from the fast developing country east
Of US We at this point look to the growth of
that country with hattering hopes of our prosper
ity. It matters little to us on which route the
road to Salmon river is laid. If there are only
extensive mines there, this place will receive its
share Of the benefits.


Our town is now in a very thriving condition
There is not vacant house in the place. and there
is a demand for houses-both dwelling and bust
ness houses. Preparations are being made to
construct railroad between the Dalles and Des-
chuttes. A man has gone east to purchase The
necessary iron, and the work on the necessary
bridges will very soon be commenced | am in
formed. We shall soon expect you Messrs Ed
itors, to tip your hats to us as the iron horse pufS
and snOrts through our streets You cannot fail
to do this in grateful recognition of our enterprise
and of the Inauguration Of railroads on the north
Pacific coast


The progress of business is slightly interrupted
at present on account of the severity of the wintry
weather we are not enjoying Transportation of
goods to the Deschuttes is much embarrassed but
it is hoped that the old year will take away with
it the husky storm, and that activity will be res
tored to business.


A large number of cattle are being bought up
here, at advanced prices, for the Cari5oo market
Cayuse horses are ready sale at good prices.


A report has reached us of the shameful dis
loyalty of Captain Dent, formerly of Fort Hos
kins 1t seems that he distributed large amounts
of ammunition and some arms among the seces-
sonists of Benton county, telling them they might
have use for them soon. If the report is true,
Captain Dent richly deserves the sore penalty
prescribed for traitors


Yours truly, DALLEs
Year: 1862

JAIL.-We notice pile of bricks and timber
on the southeast corner of the public square,
which we are informed is intended for Jail. 1t
is to be hoped that this institution will be com
pleted soon as the events of every day suggest
the necessity for building of this character.
Year: 1862

We publish in another column of to-
days paper communication upon this sub
ject, in reply to an article in the Mountain
eer, to which we invite the attention of
readers. By way of carrying out the argu-
ment as proposed by our correspondent in
the opening of his letter, and inasmuch as
the object of the MOuntajneer seems to be
to see what kind of a story figures can be
made to tell, we will introduce a little
arithmetic in reply to points not touched
by him. The Mountaineer asserts that the
cost of travel by steamboat from the Dalles
to the mines would be $53, and overland,
Uia the Grand ROnde Valley, $25. Now,
We will prove to the entire satisfaction of
the editor of the Mountaineer, and pro-
duce the figures for it, too, that the Grand
ROnde Valley route is decidedly the most
eXnensiYe one:
Year: 1862




1t seems that this enterprising steamboat
company are evincing their usual business
foresight and energy, by anticipating the
demands of the coming season in the con
struction of new steamers for the spring and
summer trade We learn that two new
-draught steamers, which are intended
to ply on the upper Columbia and Snake
rivers, are already in process of building at
the Deschutes, and will be completed by
the first of April New wharf-boats are
also being built for the steamer landings,
which viii give greater security to the goods
of shippers. This shows that the company
are determined to surmount the obstacles
encountered in navigating these rivers, not
withstanding the difficulties and embarrass-
ments It has become popular among GER
tain classes to denounce steamboat compa-
nies as huge monopolies, charging exhorbi-
tant prices for transportation, ETC.; but when
the dangers and accidents resulting from
the difficulties in navigating these rivers
are considered, such a charge respecting this
company becomes a groundless one To
the indomitable perseverance and energy of
this company, as well as the outlay of
large amount Of capital in an enterprise
which was looked upon as futile scheme,
the people of the upper country are indebted
for efficient means of transportation between
them and the lower country. In grateful
recognition of their enterprise in opening
the rivers to successful navigation, the peo-
pie who share the benefits of their capital
and labor, should at least be willing to al
low them living rates for transportation.


DIRECT OVERLAND ROUTE TO SALMON RIVER.
By reference to Gov Stevens maps of the up
per country which are supposed to be the most
accurate yet published compiled as they were
from actual surveys while exploring for rail
road route across the contnent-it will be seen
that the most direct route to Salmon river is by
way OF Walla Walla. Granting the possibility
of finding trail to these mines from the Grand
Ronde valley-a matter now involved in much
Doubt will be seen by reference to these maps
that the traveller will be compelled to go
considerably to the southwark of the mines, and
then, making wide elbow, he must, in order to
reach the mines, travel in north-esterly course,
and through a country which is put down in the
maps as High Mountains" and Pine Forests
Coming by way of Walla Wala, the traveller will
have none of these difficulties to encounter and will
find good road over a comparatively level coun-
try all the way to the Salmon river mines
All who have visited these mines agree that they
are located nearly due east Of this place, and
some contend that they are north of east. How
then could a road from the Dalles going south
by the Grand Ronde valley be nearer than the
road by Walla Walla, when 'Walla Wala is full
half degree north Of the Dalles, and the mines
east or northeast of Walla Walla
Year: 1862

The miner will reach the mines in six
days after leaving the Dalles, at an ex-
pense of S58; find 800 ounce claim and
be ready to go to work say four days after
his arrival in the mines.
Year: 1862

UNION Hook AND LADDER Co. No. I've
have been informed by Mr.. Porter, Secretary Of
the above named company, that there has been
an assessment of 1920 on each member of the
company for the payment of its debts. We are
sorry to see the first company that has been or
ganized in our midst for the protection of the
property of citizens thus embarrassed and we
hope the property holders will take an interest in
the matter and help them through. The COM
pany have hooks and ladders placed at conven-
ieRtdstanees in the town, and also some thirty or
forty buckets, which have been distributed among
the various stores and saloons. We trust the
members will keep up their organization. A fire
may break out at any moment, and in the alb
sence Of well organized fire company, lay the
whole town in ashes. 1t is to the interest of ev-
cry citizen to lend this company substantial aid
in relieving them from their present embarrassed
condition.