Year: 1862




ton aud welfare of the whole people of the
United States, who are permanently in
volycd in the preservation of our present
form of Government, without modification
or change.


This resolution was defeated by mo.
ton to lay it upon the table, made by Mr..
Lovej ~, by the following vote, yeas 60,
nays So. Of those who voted to thus de.
feat the resolution SO were Republicans,
while every Democrat excepting one, and
every Border States representative, whose
vote is recorded, voted in tho negative.


In CO operation With this most signif-
cant declaration, by the Federal House of
Representatives, we had the Military
emancipation proclamatons of Generals
Fremont and Hunter. Along with these
we had the project of Mr.. Sumner, in the
Senate, to blot out the State governments
of the rebel States, reduce them to "a ter
ritorial condition and to govern them as
such. Then followed various emancipa-
ton schemes, and among them the pro ect
of conVscGtion OF slaves nominoNv, but
reaNy a bill to emancipatc them. We
cannot probably better prove the operation
OF such measures upon the Southern mind :,
than TO quote the following extract from
the reply OF twenty-eight representatives
from the Border Slave States to President
Lincoln, in reference to his appeal to them
to adopt bis project, that the Federal Gov
ernment should aid them with money to
pay the master for his negro upon his
emancipation, viz -


"The rebellion derives its strength from
the union Of all classes in the insurgent
States; and while that union lasts the
war will never end until they are utterly
exhausted. We know that at the incep-
ton of these troubles Southern society was
divided, and that a large portion, perhaps
a majority, were opposed to secession -
Now the great masses Of Southern people
are united: 10 discover why they are so
we must glance at Southern society and
notice the classes into which it has been
divided, and which still distinguish it
They are in arms, but not for the same
object; they are moved to common end ,
but by different and inconsistent reasons.
The leaders, which comprehends what
was previously known as the States Rights
party, and is much the lesser class, seek
to break down national independence and
setup State domination. With them it
Is war ag inst nationality. The other
class is fighting, as it supposes, to maintain
and preserve its rights of property and
domestic safety, which it has been made to
believe are assailed by this Government
This latter class are rot disuuionists per SC !:
they are so only because they have been
made to believe that this administration
is inmical to their rights, and il making
war on their domestic institutions. As
long as these two classes act together, they
will never assent to a peace. The policy,
then, to be persued is obvious. The former
class will never be reconcilcd but the lat.
ter may be. Remove their apprehensions
Satisfy them that no harm is intended to
them and their institutions; that this G ov. E.
ernment is not making war on their rights
of property, but is simply defending its
legitimate authority, and they will gladly
return to their allegiance as soon as the
pressure of military dominion imposed by
the Confederate authority is removed from
them.


"Twelye months ago both Houses of
Congress, adopting the spirit of your mess
age, then but recently sent in, declared
with singular unanimty the objects of the
war, and the country instantly bounded to
your side to assist you in carrying it on.
If the spirit of that resolution had been
adhered to We are confident that we should
before now have seen the end of this de.
plorablc conflict, But what have we seem!
In both Houses Of Congress We have heard
doctrines subversive of the principles of
the Constitution, and seen measure after
measure founded in substance on those
doctrines proposed and carried through,
which can have no other effect than to dis
tract and divide loyal men and exasperate
and drive still further from us and their
duty the people of rebellious States NIL.
itary officers, following these bad exam
PIES, have stepped beyond the just limits
of their authority i'll the same direction,
until IN several Instances you have felt the
necessity of interfering to arrest them.
And even the passage of the resolution to
which you refer has been ostentatiously
proclaimed as the triumph of principle
which The people of the Southern States
regard as ruinous to them. The effect OF
these measures was foretold, and may now
be seen in the indurated state of Southern
feeling.


"To these causes, Mr.. President, and
net to our omission to vote for the resolu
ton recommended by you, we solemnly
believe we are to attribute the terrible
earneStness of those in arms against the
Government and the continuance of the
war. Nor do we (permit us to say, Mr.
President, with all respect for you) agree
that the institution of slavery is "the lever
of their power" but we are of the opinion
that clever of their power is the appre
hension that the powers of common gov
ernmcnt, created for common and equa
protection to the interests of all, will be
welded against the institution of thu
Southern States.


"Signed by,