United Kingdom 1916 Not awarded World War I 1917 Charles Glover Barkla United Kingdom "For his discovery of the characteristic Röntgen radiation of the elements", another important step in the development of X-ray spectroscopy 1918 Max Planck Germany "for the services he rendered to the advancement of physics by his discovery of energy quanta " 1919 Johannes Stark Germany "for his discovery of the Doppler effect in canal rays and the splitting of spectral lines in electric fields " 1920 Charles Édouard Guillaume Switzerland "for the service he has rendered to precision measurements in physics by his discovery of anomalies in nickel-steel alloys" 1921 Albert Einstein Germany Switzerland "for his services to theoretical physics , and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect " 1922 Niels Bohr Denmark "for his services in the investigation of the structure of atoms and of the radiation emanating from them" 1923 Robert Andrews Millikan United States "for his work on the elementary charge of electricity and on the photoelectric effect " 1924 Manne Siegbahn Sweden "for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy " 1925 James Franck Germany "for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom" Gustav Hertz Germany 1926 Jean Baptiste Perrin France "for his work on the discontinuous structure of matter, and especially for his discovery of sedimentation equilibrium " 1927 Arthur Holly Compton United States "for his discovery of the effect named after him " Charles Thomson Rees Wilson United Kingdom "for his method of making the paths of electrically charged particles visible by condensation of vapour" 1928 Owen Willans Richardson United Kingdom "for his work on the thermionic phenomenon and especially for the discovery of the law named after him " 1929 Louis Victor Pierre Raymond, 7th Duc de Broglie France "for his discovery of the wave nature of electrons " 1930 Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman ബ്രിട്ടീഷ് രാജ് "for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him " 1931 Not awarded 1932 Werner Heisenberg Germany "for the creation of quantum mechanics , the application of which has, inter alia, led to the discovery of the allotropic forms of hydrogen" 1933 Erwin Schrödinger Austria "for the discovery of new productive forms of atomic theory " Paul Dirac United Kingdom 1934 Not awarded 1935 James Chadwick United Kingdom "for the discovery of the neutron " 1936 Victor Francis Hess Austria "for his discovery of cosmic radiation " Carl David Anderson United States "for his discovery of the positron " 1937 Clinton Joseph Davisson United States "for their experimental discovery of the diffraction of electrons by crystals" George Paget Thomson United Kingdom 1938 Enrico Fermi Italy "for his demonstrations of the existence of new radioactive elements produced by neutron irradiation , and for his related discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons" 1939 Ernest Lawrence United States "for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements" 1940 Not awarded World War II 1941 Not awarded World War II 1942 Not awarded World War II 1943 Otto Stern United States "for his contribution to the development of the molecular ray method and his discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton " 1944 Isidor Isaac Rabi United States "for his resonance method for recording the magnetic properties of atomic nuclei " 1945 Wolfgang Pauli Austria "for the discovery of the Exclusion Principle, also called the Pauli principle " 1946 Percy Williams Bridgman United States "for the invention of an apparatus to produce extremely high pressures, and for the discoveries he made there within the field of high pressure physics " 1947 Edward Victor Appleton United Kingdom "for his investigations of the physics of the upper atmosphere especially for the discovery of the so-called Appleton layer " 1948 Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett United Kingdom "for his development of the Wilson cloud chamber method, and his discoveries therewith in the fields of nuclear physics and cosmic radiation " 1949 Hideki Yukawa Japan "for his prediction of the existence of mesons on the basis of theoretical work on nuclear forces " 1950 Cecil Frank Powell United Kingdom "for his development of the photographic method of studying nuclear processes and his discoveries regarding mesons made with this method" 1951 John Douglas Cockcroft United Kingdom "for their pioneer work on the transmutation of atomic nuclei by artificially accelerated atomic particles" Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton Ireland 1952 Felix Bloch Switzerland United States "for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith" Edward Mills Purcell United States 1953 Frits Zernike Netherlands "for his demonstration of the phase contrast method, especially for his invention of the phase contrast microscope " 1954 Max Born West Germany United Kingdom "for his fundamental research in quantum mechanics , especially for his statistical interpretation of the wavefunction " Walther Bothe West Germany "for the coincidence method and his discoveries made therewith" 1955 Willis Eugene Lamb United States "for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum" Polykarp Kusch United States "for his precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron " 1956 John Bardeen United States "for their researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect" Walter Houser Brattain United States William Bradford Shockley United States 1957 Tsung-Dao Lee China United States "for their penetrating investigation of the so-called parity laws which has led to important discoveries regarding the elementary particles " Chen Ning Yang China United States 1958 Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov Soviet Union "for the discovery and the interpretation of the Cherenkov effect " Ilya Frank Soviet Union Igor Yevgenyevich Tamm Soviet Union 1959 Emilio Gino Segrè Italy "for their discovery of the antiproton " Owen Chamberlain United States 1960 പ്രമാണം:Donald Glaser 1.jpg Donald Arthur Glaser United States "for the invention of the bubble chamber " 1961 Robert Hofstadter United States "for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons " Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer West Germany "for his researches concerning the resonance absorption of gamma radiation and his discovery in this connection of the effect which bears his name" 1962 Lev Davidovich Landau Soviet Union "for his pioneering theories for condensed matter , especially liquid helium " 1963 Eugene Paul Wigner Hungary United States "for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles " Maria Goeppert-Mayer United States "for their discoveries concerning nuclear shell structure " J. Hans D. Jensen West Germany 1964 Nicolay Gennadiyevich Basov Soviet Union "for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics , which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser – laser principle" Alexander Prokhorov Soviet Union പ്രമാണം:Charles Townes Nobel.jpg Charles Hard Townes United States 1965 Richard Phillips Feynman United States "for their fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics (QED), with deep-ploughing consequences for the physics of elementary particles" Julian Schwinger United States Sin-Itiro Tomonaga Japan 1966 Alfred Kastler France "for the discovery and development of optical methods for studying Hertzian resonances in atoms" 1967 Hans Albrecht Bethe United States "for his contributions to the theory of nuclear reactions , especially his discoveries concerning the energy production in stars " 1968 Luis Walter Alvarez United States "for his decisive contributions to elementary particle physics, in particular the discovery of a large number of resonance states, made possible through his development of the technique of using hydrogen bubble chamber and data analysis" 1969 Murray Gell-Mann United States "for his contributions and discoveries concerning the classification of elementary particles and their interactions" 1970 Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén Sweden "for fundamental work and discoveries in magneto-hydrodynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics " Louis Néel France "for fundamental work and discoveries concerning antiferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism which have led to important applications in solid state physics " 1971 Dennis Gabor Hungary United Kingdom "for his invention and development of the holographic method " 1972 John Bardeen United States "for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity , usually called the BCS-theory " Leon Neil Cooper United States John Robert Schrieffer United States 1973 Leo Esaki Japan "for their experimental discoveries regarding tunneling phenomena in semiconductors and superconductors , respectively" Ivar Giaever United States Norway Brian David Josephson United Kingdom "for his theoretical predictions of the properties of a supercurrent through a tunnel barrier, in particular those phenomena which are generally known as the Josephson effect " 1974 Martin Ryle United Kingdom "for their pioneering research in radio astrophysics : Ryle for his observations and inventions, in particular of the aperture synthesis technique, and Hewish for his decisive role in the discovery of pulsars " Antony Hewish United Kingdom 1975 Aage Bohr Denmark "for the discovery of the connection between collective motion and particle motion in atomic nuclei and the development of the theory of the structure of the atomic nucleus based on this connection" Ben Roy Mottelson Denmark പ്രമാണം:Leo James Rainwater.jpg Leo James Rainwater United States 1976 Burton Richter United States "for their pioneering work in the discovery of a heavy elementary particle