smcproject/ml-wiki-sentences huggingface dataset:
There were originally 60 churches of which some of the surviving monuments in the city of Velha Goa are the Saint Catherine's Chapel (where one of the first, probably only besides the Angediva Island, Latin rite mass in Asia, was held on Saint Catherine's feast day- i.e. 25 November 1510), the Church and Convent of Saint Francis of Assisi , the Sé Catedral de Santa Catarina dedicated to Saint Catherine of Alexandria , the Jesuit Borea Jezuchi Bajilika or Basílica do Bom Jesus , Igreja de São Francisco de Assis (also known as Asisachea Sanv Fransiskachi Igorz), the Theatine Igreja da Divina Providência (São Caetano) (also known as San Kaitanachi Igorz or the church of Saint Cajetan and its seminary (resembles Basilica Papale di San Pietro in Vaticano ), Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Rosário (also known as Ruzai Saibinnichi Igorz (Church of Our Lady of the Rosary )) and Igreja de Santo Agostinho (also known as Sanv Agustineachi Igorz (Church of Saint Augustine ) (only the belfry stands today and some graves, including the Georgian Orthodox Church Saint, Saint Ketevan , who was also a queen).
These monuments were forerunners in establishing an ensemble of the Manueline , Mannerist and Baroque art forms in the Asian region .
The monuments are built in laterites and walls plastered with limestone mortar mixed with broken shells.
For this reason, the monuments need constant maintenance to prevent deterioration due to monsoon climatic conditions, and thus keep them in good shape.
08 Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park, Gujarat Gujarat , ഇന്ത്യ 015 Prehistoric and 8th to 14th centuries 1101; 2004; iii, iv, v, vi Champaner-Pavagadh Archaeological Park is situated in Panchmahal district in Gujarat, ഇന്ത്യ.
It was inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2004 as a cultural site.
There is a concentration of largely unexcavated archaeological, historic and living cultural heritage properties cradled in an impressive landscape which includes prehistoric ( chalcolithic ) sites, a hill fortress of an early Hindu capital, and remains of the 16th-century capital of the state of Gujarat .
The site also includes, among other vestiges, fortifications, palaces, religious buildings, residential precincts, agricultural structures and water installations, from the 8th to the 14th centuries.
The Kalikamata Temple Jain Temple on top of the Pavagadh Hill is considered to be an important shrine, attracting large numbers of pilgrims throughout the year.
The site is the only complete and unchanged Islamic pre- Mughal city.
09 Group of Monuments at Hampi Ballari district , Karnataka , ഇന്ത്യ 015 14th and 16th centuries 241 ; 1986; (i)(iii)(iv) The Group of Monuments at Hampi comprise a sombre but ostentatious Hampi town, on the banks of the river Tungabhadra in Karnataka.
Hampi subsumes the ruins of Vijayanagara , which was the former capital of the powerful Vijayanagara Empire .
Dravidian temples and palaces abound in Hampi.
These won the admiration of travellers between the 14th and 16th centuries.
Hampi, as an important Hindu religious centre, has the Virupaksha Temple (different from Pattadakal 's Virupaksha Temple) and several other monuments, which are part of the cultural heritage site inscribed under category (i), (iii) and (iv) in the UNESCO World Heritage List.
10 Group of Monuments at Pattadakal
Bagalkot District , Karnataka , ഇന്ത്യ 015 8th century 239 ; 1987; (iii)(iv) The Group of monuments in Pattadakal designated under UNESCO World Heritage List, in 1987, cover a remarkable series of nine Hindu temples , as well as a Jain sanctuary in northern Karnataka .
In this group of temples, the Virupaksha Temple, built c. 740 by Queen Lokamahadevi to commemorate her husband's (King Vikramaditya II ) victory over the Pallava kings from the south, is considered the most outstanding architectural edifice (This is different from the Virupaksha Temple at Hampi .) These are a remarkable combination of temples built by the Chalukya Dynasty in the 6th to 8th century at Aihole , Badami and Pattadakal , the latter city was known as the "Crown Rubies".
The temples represent a remarkable fusion of the architectural features of northern ( Nagara ) and southern ( dravida ) ഇന്ത്യ.
Pattadakal is considered a Hindu holy city and within the heritage complex are eight temples dedicated to Shiva, a ninth shaivite sanctuary called the Papanatha Temple , and a Jain Narayana temple .
11 Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi, Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh , ഇന്ത്യ 015 2nd and 1st centuries BC to the 12th century AD 524; 1989; (i)(ii)(iii)(iv)(vi) Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi , located 45 kilometres (28 mi) from Bhopal in the ഇന്ത്യn state of Madhya Pradesh are a group of Buddhist monuments dated between 200 BC and 100 BC.
The site, however, has been conjectured to have been developed in the 3rd century BC, when Emperor Ashoka of the Mauryan Empire ruled.
The principal monument is Stupa 1 dated to the 2nd century and 1st century BC.
These Buddhist sanctuaries were active Buddhist religious monuments, which flourished till the 12th century.
The sanctuary has a plethora of monolithic pillars, palaces, temples and monasteries in different status of preservation.
It was inscribed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO on January 24, 1989 for its unique cultural importance.
It was discovered only in 1818 in a deserted state of preservation.
Archaeological excavations undertaken thereafter revealed 50 unique monuments.
12 Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka, Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh , ഇന്ത്യ 015 30,000 years 925; 2003; (iii) (v) Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka described in the UNESCO Inscription as "the site complex … a magnificent repository of rock paintings within natural rock shelters" is located in the foothills of the Vindhya range of hills in the Central ഇന്ത്യn state of Madhya Pradesh .
It is spread in sandstone formations extending over an area of 1893 ha with a buffer zone 10,280 hectares (25,400 acres) .
The rock shelters, discovered only in 1957, comprise a group of "five clusters of rock shelters" with paintings that are inferred to date from the " Mesolithic period right through to the Historical period", with the 21 villages surrounding them reflecting the traditions displayed in the rock paintings.
The unique rock art has been discovered in 400 painted shelters spread over an area of 1,892 ha amidst dense forest with high diversity of flora and fauna, with some of the shelters dated from 100,000 BC (Late Acheulian ) to 1000 AD.
It was inscribed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2003 as a unique cultural property representing a convergence displayed in the art form between the people and the landscape with links to the hunting gathering economy of the past.
13 Khajuraho Group of Monuments, Madhya Pradesh Madhya Pradesh , ഇന്ത്യ 015 950 AD to 1050 AD 240; 1986; (i) (iii) Khajuraho Group of Monuments attributed to the Chandela dynasty which, under sovereignty of Gurjar Pratihars reached its glory.
The ensemble of monuments that have survived belong to the Hindu and Jain Religious practices with striking fusion of sculpture and architecture; the best example of this outstanding feature is seen in the Kandariya Temple.
Of the 85 temples built, only 22 temples have survived in an area of 6 km 2 , which represents the Chandela period of the 10th century.
Located in the ഇന്ത്യn state of Madhya Pradesh, it was inscribed by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site, a cultural property on October 15, 1982 for its unique original artistic creation and proof of the Chandela Culture that existed prior to the Muslim invasion of ഇന്ത്യ in the early 12th century.
14 Ajanta Caves Maharashtra , ഇന്ത്യ 015 2nd century BC to the 6th century 242; 1983; i, ii, iii, vi Ajanta Caves listed under UNESCO World Heritage as a cultural heritage site, are Buddhist caves that were built in two phases, the first phase was from the 2nd century BC.
In the second phase, further additions were made during the 5th and 6th centuries AD of the Gupta period .
The caves depict richly decorated paintings, frescoes, which are reminiscent of the Sigiriya paintings in Sri Lanka and sculptures.
As a whole, there are 31 rock-cut cave monuments which are unique representations of the religious art of Buddhism.
15 Ellora Caves Maharashtra , ഇന്ത്യ 015 600 to 1000 AD 243; 1983; (i)(iii)(vi) Ellora Caves also known as Ellora Complex are a cultural mix of religious arts of Buddhism , Hinduism and Jainism .
These are 34 monasteries and temples sculpted contiguously into rock walls of a high basalt cliff, which are seen along a length of 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) .
Dated to 600 to 1000 AD, they are a reflection of artistic creation of the ancient civilization of ഇന്ത്യ.
This cultural property has been inscribed under the UNESCO World Heritage List.
16 Elephanta Caves
Maharashtra , ഇന്ത്യ 015 5th to 8th centuries 244rev; 1987; (i)(iii) The Elephanta Caves are a network of sculpted caves located on Elephanta Island, or Gharapuri (literally "the city of caves") in Mumbai Harbour , 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the east of the city of Mumbai .
The island, located on an arm of the Arabian Sea , consists of two groups of caves — the first is a large group of five Hindu caves, the second, a smaller group of two Buddhist caves.
The Hindu caves contain rock cut stone sculptures, representing the Shaiva Hindu sect, dedicated to the god Shiva .
The rock-cut architecture of the caves is dated to between the 5th and 8th centuries, although the identity of the original builders is still a subject of debate.
The caves are hewn from solid basalt rock.
Renovated in the 1970s, the caves were designated an UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 to preserve the artwork.
17 Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus)
Maharashtra , ഇന്ത്യ 015 1887–1888 945rev; 2004; (ii)(iv) Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus is a historic railway station in Mumbai, which serves as the headquarters of the Central Railways .
It is one of the busiest railway stations in ഇന്ത്യ, and serves Central Railway trains terminating in Mumbai as well as the Mumbai Suburban Railway .
The station was designed by Frederick William Stevens , a consulting architect in 1887–1888.
It took ten years to complete and was named "Victoria Terminus" in honour of the Queen and Empress Victoria ; it was opened on the date of her Golden Jubilee in 1887.
This famous architectural landmark in Gothic style was built as the headquarters of the Great ഇന്ത്യn Peninsular Railway .
In 1996, in response to demands by the Shiv Sena and in keeping with the policy of renaming locations with ഇന്ത്യn names , the station was renamed by the state government after Chatrapati Shivaji , the famed 17th-century Maratha king.
On 2 July 2004, the station was nominated as a World Heritage Site by the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO.
18 Sun Temple, Konârak Puri District , Orissa, ഇന്ത്യ 015 13th-century 246; 1984;(i)(iii)(vi) Konark Sun Temple is a 13th-century Sun Temple (also known as the "Black Pagoda"), at Konark , in Orissa .
Located on the east coast of the Bay of Bengal in the Mahanadi Delta, it is built in the form of the chariot of Surya (Arka), the sun god with 24 wheels, and is heavily decorated with symbolic stone carvings and led by a team of six horses.
It was constructed from oxidizing weathered ferruginous sandstone by King Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty .
The temple is one of the most renowned temples in ഇന്ത്യ and is a World Heritage Site inscribed in 1984 as cultural property under categories (i), (iii) and (vi).
19 Keoladeo National Park Bharatpur , Rajasthan , ഇന്ത്യ 015 1981 340; 1985; (x) Keoladeo National Park in Bharatpur is located within the Indus - Ganges Monsoon Forest Biogeographical Province.
It extends over an area of 2,783 hectares (6,880 acres) .
It was declared a national park in 1982.
Earlier to this, in 1900, it was a duck-hunting reserve of the Maharajasof Bharatpur, then became a bird sanctuary in 1956, with the Maharajas exercising shooting rights till 1972, and was recorded as a Ramsar Wetland site, in 1981.
It was inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1985 under category (x), as a natural property.
The area of the wetland of the park shrinks to 1,000 hectares (2,500 acres) during most part of the year.
It has a human-built environment created partly by embankments dividing the area into 10 units, and has sluice controlled arrangement to maintain the water level.
It is famous for 364 species of wintering birds that flock in large numbers, arriving from distant countries of Afghanistan , Turkmenistan , China and Siberia .
It is surrounded by 17 villages and the Bharatpur city.
20 Jantar Mantar, Jaipur Jaipur , Rajasthan , ഇന്ത്യ 015 1727 and 1734 1338; 2010; (iii)(iv) The Jantar Mantar in Jaipur is a collection of architectural astronomical instruments, built by Maharaja (King) Jai Singh II at his then new capital of Jaipur between 1727 and 1734.
It is modelled after the one that he had built at the Mughal capital of Delhi .
He had constructed a total of five such facilities at different locations, including the ones at Delhi and Jaipur.
The Jaipur observatory is the largest and best preserved of these and has a set of some 20 main fixed instruments built in masonry.
It has been inscribed as cultural property on the UNESCO World Heritage List as "an expression of the astronomical skills and cosmological concepts of the court of a scholarly prince at the end of the Mughal period." 21 Great Living Chola Temples Brihadeeswarar temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram , Tamil Nadu , ഇന്ത്യ 015 11th and 12th century 250bis; 1987; (ii)(iii) The Great Living Chola Temples , built by kings of the Chola Empire stretched over all of Tamil Nadu.
This cultural heritage site includes three great temples of 11th and 12th centuries namely, the Brihadisvara Temple at Thanjavur , the Brihadisvara Temple at Gangaikondacholisvaram and the Airavatesvara Temple at Darasuram .
The Temple of Gangaikondacholisvaram, built by Rajendra I, was completed in 1035.
Its 53 metres (174 ft) vimana (sanctum tower) has recessed corners and a graceful upward curving movement, contrasting with the straight and severe tower at Thanjavur.
The Airavatesvara temple complex, built by Rajaraja II, at Darasuram features a 24 metres (79 ft) vimana and a stone image of Shiva .
The temples testify to the brilliant achievements of the Chola in architecture, sculpture, painting and bronze casting.
The site was inscribed under UNESCO World Heritage List in 1987 as Cultural heritage under criteria (ii) and (iii).
Airavateshwarar Temple, Darasuram , Tamil Nadu , ഇന്ത്യ Brihadeeswarar Temple , Thanjavur , Tamil Nadu , ഇന്ത്യ 22 Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram Mahabalipuram , Tamil Nadu , ഇന്ത്യ 015 7th and 8th centuries 249; 1984; (i)(ii)(iii)(vi) The Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram , in Tamil Nadu , about 58 km from Chennai , were built by the Pallava kings in the 7th and 8th centuries.
The town is said to have gained prominence under the rule of Mamalla .
These monuments have been carved out of rock along the Coromandel coast .
The temple town has approximately forty monuments, including the largest open-air bas-relief in the world.
It was inscribed under the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1984 as a cultural heritage under categories (i)(ii)(iii)(vi).
The monuments inscribed are the Ratha Temples : Temples in the form of chariots , Mandapas , 11 Cave sanctuaries covered with bas-reliefs, rock relief of Descent of the Ganges , which is the largest open air Rock relief also known as Arjuna's Penance or Bhagiratha's Penance.
23 Agra Fort, Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh , ഇന്ത്യ 015 16th century 251; 1983; iii Agra Fort , also known as the Red Fort of Agra, which represented Mughal opulence and power as the centre piece of their empire was inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1982, under Category iii as a cultural monument.
The fortress located on the right bank of the Yamuna River , built in red sandstone , covering a length of 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) and surrounded by a moat ,  encloses several palaces, towers and mosques.
These were built from the 16th century onwards till the early 18th century, starting with Emperor Akbar 's reign in the 16th century to that of Aurangzeb in the early part of the 18th century, including the contributions made during the reign of Jahangir and Shahjahan of the Moghul Rule in ഇന്ത്യ; the impressive structures built within the precincts of the fort are the Khas Mahal, the Shish Mahal, Muhamman Burje (an octagonal tower), Diwan-i-Khas (1637), Diwan-i-Am, white marble mosque or the Pearl Mosque (built during 1646–1653) and the Nagina Masjid (1658–1707).
These monuments are remarkable for the fusion of Persian art of the Timurid and the ഇന്ത്യn art form.
It is very close to the famous Taj Mahal with a buffer zone separating the two monuments.
24 Fatehpur Sikri, Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh , ഇന്ത്യ 015 16th century 255; 1986; ii,iii,iv Fatehpur Sikri , "the City of Victory," was built during the second half of the 16th century by the Mughal Emperor Akbar (1556–1605).
It was the capital of the Empire and seat of the grand Mughal court, but only for 14 years.
Despite bearing exceptional testimony to the Mughal civilization at the end of the 16th century, it had to be abandoned due to the twin reasons of lack of water and unrest in north-west ഇന്ത്യ, leading the emperor to shift the capital to Lahore .
Akbar decided to construct it in 1571, on the same site where the birth of his son, the future Emperor Jahangir , was predicted by the wise saint Shaikh Salim Chisti (1480–1572).
The work, supervised by the great Mughal himself, was completed in 1573.
The complex of monuments and temples, all uniformly in Mughal architectural style , includes one of the largest mosques in ഇന്ത്യ, the Jama Masjid , the Buland Darwaza , the Panch Mahal , and the Tomb of Salim Chishti .
The English traveller Ralph Fitch considered the city in 1585 as 'considerably larger than London and more populous.'
Its form and layout strongly influenced the evolution of ഇന്ത്യn town planning, notably at Shahjahanabad (Old Delhi).
The city has numerous other palaces, public buildings and mosques, as well as living areas for the court, the army, servants of the king and for an entire population whose history has not been recorded.
25 Taj Mahal, Uttar Pradesh Uttar Pradesh , ഇന്ത്യ 015 17th century 252; 1983;i Taj Mahal , one of the Seven Wonders of the World is a mausoleum – a funerary mosque .
It was built by Emperor Shahjahan in memory of his third wife Begum Mumtaz Mahal who had died in 1631.
It is a large edifice made in white marble in typical Mughal architecture , a style that combines elements from Persian , Islamic and ഇന്ത്യn architectural styles.
This much acclaimed masterpiece was built over a 16-year period between 1631 and 1648 under the Chief Architect Ustad Ahmad Lahauri supported by several thousand artisans under the guidance of an Imperial Committee.
It was inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1983, under Category i, as a cultural property/monument.
It is set amidst vast Mughal Gardens , which cover 17 hectares (42 acres) of land on the right bank of the Yamuna River .
It has an octagonal layout marked by four exclusive minarets at four corners with a pristine elevation of a central bulbous dome below which the tombs are laid in an underground chamber.
Calligraphic inscriptions in-crusted in polychromatic pierra dura, decorative bands and floral arabesques glorify the monument's graphic beauty and provide a picture perfect impression to the viewers.
26 Mountain Railways of ഇന്ത്യ Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (1999), Darjeeling , West Bengal , ഇന്ത്യ 015 19th and early 20th centuries 944ter; 1999, 2005, 2008; (ii)(iv) The Mountain Railways of ഇന്ത്യ represents a collective listing of the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway , the Nilgiri Mountain Railway and the Kalka-Shimla Railway under the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
However, the Mountain Railways of ഇന്ത്യ are five railway lines built in the mountains of ഇന്ത്യ in the 19th and early 20th centuries, during the British Raj , which are run even today by the ഇന്ത്യn Railways .
Three out of these five railways, the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway (1881), the Kalka-Shimla Railway (1898) and the Kangra Valley Railway (1924), are located in the rugged hill regions of the Himalayas of Northern ഇന്ത്യ and the other two are much further south in the Western Ghats ; the Nilgiri Mountain Railway in Southern ഇന്ത്യ , and the Matheran Hill Railway in Maharashtra .
The World Heritage UNESCO recognition to three of the five Mountain Railways of ഇന്ത്യ has been stated as for being "outstanding examples of bold, ingenious engineering solutions for the problem of establishing an effective rail link through a rugged, mountainous terrain.
The Darjeeling Himalayan Railway was recognised first in 1999,  the Nilgiri Mountain Railway followed suite as an extension to the site in 2005, and in 2008 the Kalka–Shimla Railway was further added as an extension; and the three together have been titled as Mountain Railways of ഇന്ത്യ under Criteria: ii, iv under the region in the Asia-Pacific .
The claims of the Matheran Hill Railway , the fourth hill line, are pending acceptance by the international body.
Nilgiri Mountain Railway (2005) Ooty , Tamil Nadu , ഇന്ത്യ Kalka-Shimla Railway , Himachal Pradesh (2008) ഇന്ത്യ 27 Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks
Chamoli District , Uttarakhand , ഇന്ത്യ 015 1939 and 1982 335bis; 1988, 2005 ;(vii),(x) Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks are nestled high in West Himalaya .
Valley of Flowers National Park is renowned for its meadows of endemic alpine flowers and outstanding natural beauty.
It is located in the Garhwal Himalaya of Chamoli District of Uttarakhand .
This richly diverse area is also home to rare and endangered animals, including the Asiatic black bear , snow leopard , brown bear and blue sheep .
The gentle landscape of the Valley of Flowers National Park complements the rugged mountain wilderness of Nanda Devi National Park .
Together, they encompass a unique transition zone between the mountain ranges of the Zanskar and Great Himalaya .
The park stretches over an expanse of 87.5 km 2 (33.8 sq mi) .
It was established as a national park on 6 November 1982.
However, it was initially established as a game sanctuary on 7 January 1939.
It was inscribed under the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1988 with extension in 2005 under category (vii) and (x).
Together, they comprise the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve , which is on the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves since 2004.
28 Sundarbans National Park
West Bengal (ഇന്ത്യ) 015 1939 and 1982 452; 1987 ; (ix) and (x) The Sundarbans National Park , the largest estuarine mangrove forest in the world is a national park , tiger reserve , UNESCO World Heritage Site and a biosphere reserve located in the Sundarbans Ganges river delta bordering the Bay of Bengal , in West Bengal .
It is also on the UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves .
The Sundarbans as a whole encompasses 10,000 km 2 (3,900 sq mi) of land and water, about 5,980 km 2 (2,310 sq mi) in ഇന്ത്യ and the balance is in Bangladesh .
It is integral to the world's largest delta of 80,000 km 2 formed from sediments deposited by the three great rivers, the Ganges , the Brahmaputra and the Meghna , which confluence in the Bengal Basin.
The entire basin is traversed by a complex network of interconnecting waterways.
Though, the history of protection in the area of ഇന്ത്യn part of the Sundarbans dates back to 1878, it was declared as the core area of Sundarbans Tiger Reserve in 1973 and a wildlife sanctuary in 1977 of 133,000-hectare core area within the 258,500 hectares (639,000 acres) Sundarbans Tiger Reserve.
On May 4, 1984 it was declared a National Park.
It was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1987 as a natural property under category (ix) and (x).
This region is densely covered by mangrove forests , and is one of the largest reserves for the Bengal tiger .
It is also home to a variety of bird , reptile and invertebrate species, including the salt-water crocodile .