MORE RECENTLY UM I'VE WORKED ON UH UM PROLONGATING THIS WITH A MORE PRECISE DIRECTION EVALUATION TO KNOW WHERE IN THE SECTOR THE PERSON IS SO THAT UH THAT'S NOT MUCH WORK ONCE YOU HAVE DONE THIS THIS IS CAN BE THIS CAN BE DONE QUITE QUICKLY AND WHAT HAPPEN UH IF TWO PERSON ARE TALKING AT THE SAME TIME THIS IT JUST GET TWO SECTORS THAT ARE HIGHER THAN OTHERS NO BUT THEN YOU'LL GET TWO LARGE VALUES YEAH SO NO JUST DIRECTION YEAH OKAY BUT IT'S NOT VERY UH VERY EFFECTIVE WELL F YEAH I IT'S NOT UH I IT'S AN INHERENT PROBLEM TO THE GEOMETRY YOU USE YOU CAN FOR EXAMPLE IF YOU USE ANOTHER ARRAY UH YOU CAN INTERSECT LINES OF DIRECTION OKAY AND UH FROM FROM THIS KIND OF IF INFORMATION YOU CAN UH LET'S SAY HAVE UH A FINGER PRINT OF THE USER TO KNOW UH IF THIS IS THE SAME USER SPEAKING UH SO MM MAYBE UH UH I W MM I WOULDN'T TRUST IT TOO MUCH CLASSICALLY WHAT YOU DO IS YOU EXTRACT THE SIGNAL OF THE PERSON UM ONE INTERESTING THING IS THAT THESE NUMBERS ARE NOT UH ARBITRARY THINGS THEY REPRESENT THE NUMBER FREQUENCIES WHERE A GIVEN PERSON IS DOMINANT BUT WHEN YOU HAVE TWO OF THEM WHICH MIGHT BE INTERESTING FOR SEPARATION YOU KNOW ALREADY WHEN YOU HAVE DONE THIS PROCESSING UH W WHICH PART OF THE FREQUENCIES OF THE SPECTRUM UM BELONGS TO THIS PERSON AND TO THAT PERSON AND THEN IT'S EASY TO SEPARATE THE SIGNALS YOU MEAN THAT EACH PERSON WILL HAVE A SPECIFIC FREQUENCY BECAUSE I THE WAY HE'S TALKING OR HIS LOCALIZATION UM BOTH BOTH IT'S IT'S MORE AN INSTANTANEOUS UM THIS IS STILL INSTANTANEOUS THIS IS FOR ONE TIME FRAME YES OKAY IF YOU LOOK AT ALL YOUR FREQUENCIES FOR EXAMPLE UH ZERO TO FOUR KILOHERTZ UM YOU CAN SPLIT IT AND SAY UH ALL THESE PARTS BELONG TO PERSON ONE HERE AND UH ALL THE OTHER PARTS BELONG TO THE OTHER PERSON BECAUSE UH PERHAPS UH PERSON TWO WILL HAVE UH SOME FREQUENCIES IN THE RANGE OF THAT'S CORRECT BUT THEN UH YOU CAN LOOK STATISTICALLY IT WI IT WILL BE NEGLIGIBLE UM BECAUSE THE R OF UH OF THE DIFFERENCE LEVEL AND IF YOU RECONSTRUCT THE STREAM FROM THIS UH THIS RANGE YOU WILL UH GET SOMETHING UH THAT IS UH IT'S UH YOU CAN LISTEN TO IT YEAH AND THEN YOU CAN DO SOME UH MAYBE HIGHER LEVEL UM ANALYSIS WHERE YOU GET THE PITCH OF THE PERSON OR MM-HMM I DON'T REALLY GET YOUR LAST UH DIAGRAM YES SO IT'S AT ONE GIVEN MOMENT STILL OKAY SO YOU CAN SAY THAT F THIS FREQUENCY BELONGS MORE TO THIS PERSON AND THIS ONE MORE TO THIS ONE BUT SOME FREQUENCY MAY MAYBE ARE NOT USED NEITHER BY UH GUY THE GUY ONE OR THE GUY TWO THEN IT'S UH RANDOM AND THAT'S WHY YOU GET THESE VALUES UH WHICH ARE RANDOM YEAH YEAH BUT THIS IS VERY RARE AND WHEN IT HAPPENS ONE IS ALWAYS MASKING THE OTHER IN PRACTICE SO UM AND CAN YOU DETECT IF SOMEONE IS LAUGHING OR ANGRY D UH THERE IS KIND OF SIGNATURE UH EVEN IF WE CAN'T REALLY TRUST IT UH UH S ONE HUNDRED PERCENT OF THE TIME UH I'M REALLY ON THE LOWEST LEVEL UM BUT UH ONCE YOU HAVE DONE THIS AS I SAID YOU CAN UH SEPARATE THE SIGNALS AND UM AND DO PROCESSING ON IT UH OKAY SO UH YOU CAN GET PITCH RATE OF SPEECH THAT'S QUITE EASY PITCH UM THE UH UH TIMBRE EN FRANCAIS UM SO UH FOR DIFFERENT PERSON THIS MIGHT BE QUITE DIFFERENT AT LEAST FOR MALE FEMALES AND UH RATE OF SPEECH LIKE IF SOMEBODY IS TALKING VERY UH IN A VERY ENERGETIC MANNER IT MIGHT BE QUITE FAST UH OR JUST ENERGY ALSO ONE YEAH ALSO UM THAT MIGHT BE AN ISSUE WITH PEOPLE ARE BRINGING LAPTOPS UM THE YES THE FAN THEY WILL B YEAH THEY MIGHT BE DETECTED AS ANOTHER ANOTHER SOURCE UH SO YOU WOULD HAVE TO UH CLASSIFY THE SOURCES AS HUMAN OR MACHINE BUT AGAIN YEAH I THINK ONCE YOU SEE THE SPECTRUM IF IT'S JUST PURE AND STABLE NOW IF YOU DON'T REALLY DETECT THE PITCH CH CAN SAY THAT UH NO PERSONS SO UH YEAH IF SOMEONE UH HAS AN UH SOME NOISE WITH UH PERHAPS PUTTING HIS UH HIS CAP ON THE ON THE TABLE PERHAPS IF THERE IS A LAPTOP AND UH IN ONE POSITION SO ALL WILL GO AND BE DETECTED THERE AND YOU CAN CLASSIF UH CLASSIFY AND THIS IS YEAH SO W WHAT YOU'RE MENTIONING IS A PAIN FOR US BUT FOR YOU IT MIGHT BE 'CAUSE WE'RE ONLY INTERESTING IN GETTING THE SPEECH BUT FOR YOU IT MIGHT BE QUITE UH QUITE GOOD YEAH SO I'VE TO AVOID UH FILTERING AND SMOOTHING 'CAUSE AS SOON AS YOU DO THAT UM YOU EXCLUDE SOME OF THE INFORMATION SO IT'S BETTER TO KEEP IT FOR THE LATEST STAGE SO UM UM ON TOP OF THIS THERE'S ANOTHER PART UH WHICH IS MORE LINKED TO THE TRACKING ALL THIS WAS FOR ONE TIME FRAME SO UM AND THE THE LENGTH OF THE TIME FRAME HAS UM AN INFERENCE OF UH ON UH WHICH PARAMETERS YEAH YOU CAN PLAY WITH IT UM IN SPEECH IT'S UH STATIONARY OVER TEN TWENTY MILLISECOND AND WE MAKE A STATIONARY ASSUMPTION A LOCAL STATIONARY T. ASSUMPTION UM WHICH ALLOWS YOU TO USE F. F. T. AND BLAH BLAH BLAH UH NOW IN SPITE OF THAT I KNOW SOME PEOPLE USE MUCH LONGER WINDOWS WHICH IS NOT A PROBLEM BUT TH THERE I UH LET'S SAY IF YOU USE A ONE SECOND WINDOW UH IT'S A BIT TOO MUCH I THINK UH THE IN FACT THE THE FRAME LENGTHS WILL BE UH VERY UH VERY UH I WELL IF YOU DO THIS YES UH LIKE SOME VERY SMALL WORDS LIKE YES THEY MIGHT BE TWO HUNDRED MILLISECOND OKAY OR THREE HUNDRED MILLISECOND UM THEY THEY WON'T BE VISIBLE ON THE ON THE WAVEFO OKAY YES SO YES YOU YOU MIGHT HAVE TO PLAY WITH IT JUST TO SAVE PROCESSING TIME LIKE USE SLIGHTLY LONGER FRAMES BUT THE THE THE THE LONG UH THE LONGEST FRAME YOU WOULD USE WOULD BE ONE HUNDRED YEAH AT M AT MOST YEAH AT MOST OKAY UM SIMPLY BECAUSE I'VE USED ONE HUNDRED AS A MINIMUM LENGTH OF A SPEECH WORD YEAH SO UM NOW ASSUMING YOU HAVE DONE THIS FOR EACH TIME I IF THIS IS YOUR DETAIL OR I SHOULD USE A DIFFERENT UM IF THIS IS YOUR ASYMMET AT EACH TIME YOU GET A DIRECTION SO ASYMMET IS YOUR DIRECTION IN HORIZONTAL PLANE IT'S AN ANGLE LIKE NORTH SOUTH EAST WEST AND YEAH NO NO OF THIS IS UH REALLY DIFFERENT I'M JUST SAYING THAT UH ONCE YOU HAVE DONE THIS FOR A GIVEN TIME FRAME YOU CAN HAVE A DIRECTION OF THE PERSON AT LEAST IN TERMS OF SECTOR AND IT'S ALSO POSSIBLE TO GIVE A MORE PRECISE DIRECTION QUITE QUICKLY