skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
As long as you're playing tonal music, chord types and intervals will be strongly associated with the 7 note names, not just the 12 semitones. A perfect fourth will always be the same size on the staff, for example.

If it's "spelled" differently -- if an interval of that size is actually written as C-E#, for example -- then that's a sign that something weird is going on and you're not supposed to think of this interval as a fourth.

The fact that we write music using the 7-note diatonic scale is kind of like compression: it optimizes notation for the notes and intervals you're most likely to play. It's just not suited for atonal music, much like compression is not suited for random-looking data.
Ask HN: What are you reading?
This is the 7th installment of the distributed thread that wont die until i do!

Previous:
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9636361
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9543693
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9443897
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9394397
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9342886
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8918181
> suburban areas, which are dense enough to support public transit

Primary reason my coworkers support public transportation, according to them, in an area with pretty good transit (especially for people who commute during "normal" hours): "I want the buses and trains to be good so everyone else will take them and get off of my roads."
Team of Rivals by Doris Kearns Goodwin.
This has some things in common with what we did in designing the notation for keyboards in Rock Band 3 (see https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/G/01/videogam... for an example), where we had the same sort of concerns in mind.

This sort of "piano-roll" notation has the nice feature that the elements are easy in theory to parse: time goes along one axis, pitch goes along the other, and you just do what it tells you. As far as notation for Western music goes, it does have some disadvantages.

All twelve pitch classes are spaced equally, so the scalar structure of tonal music is harder to make out. I can tell just by glancing at a page of sheet music whether it is tonal or atonal, and I can't do that here. All the notes kind of look the same (though I'm sure this is true for someone who isn't fluent at Western notation trying to read sheet music!). One way we tried to ameliorate this in Rock Band was to color different groups of notes differently, so you had a lot of features to grab onto (e.g., the boundary between E and F is the boundary between blue and green).

Durations are completely visual, which is nice from a intuitive point of view but means that it's harder to parse the underlying pulse and rhythmic structure of the music. A grid might help here. (I was constantly insisting that the grid in Rock Band be made to be as helpful as possible.)

Anyway, it's a nice visualization of keyboard music, and I don't doubt that this is easier to understand for people who don't read music already. I wish he had chosen a less hyperbolic title, though.
YouTube video 360 degrees: Bjork – Stonemilker
I remember Electric Sheep too... So much better than badly drawn sneering blobs and stick figures expressing smug superiority or banal cynicism. Man did Internet culture ever turn to trash after ~2001.

90s Internet culture: what you posted.

Today's Internet culture: LOL I p00ped today! Because science!

It's really just a mirror of the larger culture though. I watched some old Star Trek TNG a while back and was just amazed. You could never even write anything that optimistic today.

History says these things are cyclic. Hope that's still true. Probably is. The 20s will probably be pretty awesome.
Ok thanks. Looking at this from a Lisp programmer's perspective values are by definition immutable. The Swift ecosystem seems very complex.
> Brains are made of neurons and thus have a property their parts do not; ergo, emergent behavior.

I think you're being too quick. Let's think about things that we know to be emergent structures/behaviors: cities, societies, the human body, ecosystems, etc. In all of them, you can recognize that the network of interactions is too complex for human intelligence to fully grasp, but you can pin-point the building blocks. It's not magic. We know how DNA directs the synthesis of proteins, how proteins fold, how they combine to form larger structures, etc. It's not possible to fully grasp the full mechanism that is a human body, or a society, but this is because it's too complicated, not because we don't know the components.

With conscious we don't have that. It's an all-or-nothing proposition. What is your consciousness made of? Can you identify building blocks? If not, then you just have faith in emergentism, but you don't have a serious scientific theory.

If eventually you can identify building blocks, and emergentism is correct, then surely these parts will belong to smaller chunks of the system. Eventually neurons are part-conscious. Otherwise how could the big thing emerge? So, in this case, there is something fundamental about matter that we know nothing about.

Or, consciousness is more fundamental than mater. Serious people have also proposed this throughout the ages -- call it platonism maybe. This is an unfashionable philosophical position theses days, but as valid as materialism. Both are perfectly compatible with current scientific theories.
It's interesting that you as an individual would want to buy a $4,000/year Qt License. Are you trying to found a startup that uses it or do you have some other reason?
JetBlue’s direct flight service from JFK to Havana kicks off
Quote from Reddit:

"I don't see why we Brits don't celebrate the 4th of July. Surely 239 years of being officially separate from America is something to be happy about."
Becoming a Maker
To pass my driver's licence in France I have to pay ~1000euros and then I get 20 hours of "free" driving lessons, then if the teacher think you need more hours you have to take more hours, each hour cost 40euros more. And after all of that you can pass the driving test.

I've never heard of anyone that didn't need at least 10-20 additional hours. Most people fail their driving test at least once. I personally failed the writing exam and had to wait 6 months to try again.

Here in America I can go there, pay 30 bucks and I can pass my writing test in a day. And then come back a few days letter, pay like 10 dollars and pass the driving test.

Maybe it's related with the number of accidents?

PS: Don't get me wrong, fuck the extreme french driver's licence system.
Why won’t she get off Minecraft?
Here in Switzerland black Swiss do not commit more murders than other "races".

[citation needed]
Cool. I feel like it's an area that's kind of under-served (or that I'm ignorant of). Haskell has a much more mathy flavor than a lot of the more traditional scientific languages and it seems to me like it should be really great for implementing algorithms based on their mathematical description, but I haven't really figured out the details yet. I've used Haskell in other projects, but this application eludes me.
Given the complete and total lack of useful numbers, plus general knowledge of this sort of thing (I became a nuclear war survivalist in 1968 when my mother became a Civil Defense Block Mother), I suspect not bad at all. E.g. the "plutonium has a half-life of 24,000 years!!!!!!" testifies to its relative safety, the longer the half-life, by definition the less intense the radiation from it; compare to the 138 years of infamous polonium-210.

There was also some confounding of the results from one particularly bad "oops" with normal testing, that of our first "dry" thermonuclear device, which had a yield much greater than expected because the fraction of lithium-7 in it turned out to generate tritium very well; that plus suboptimal weather had a very bad unplanned result for the local environment: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castle_Bravo

These sorts of articles are written by polemicists with no understanding of the physics and little if any of the biology (I'll bet they eat bananas! https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_equivalent_dose), let along a willingness and almost certainly ability to "do the math". In this case, to do back of the envelope calculations of how this would dilute if released into the rather large Pacific Ocean. I wouldn't be surprised if it would be barely noticeable.

All that said, there could most certainly be local effects, but by now I'd expect them to be small, if not de minimis compared to the fallout from the tests, especially Castle Bravo.

And we should keep some perspective: allowing the Soviet Union to win would have resulted in Communists killing substantially more than the minimum estimate of 100 million people in the 20th Century. Somehow the good things we do never come up in articles like this designed to trash the US, which in the case of a UK paper like The Guardian demonstrates stunning ingratitude.
Just wanted to leave this here, for people who get off on alternate music notation...

An amazing collection of functional/beautiful/arty alt music notation can be found in "Notations 21", edited by Theresa Sauer. One score per page, all wildly different in their approach to encoding music. Just wow.

This video has some images from the book:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8F2Dv27CSuI
The point is that you don't always want to mark the method as mutating. This is explained in the article.
Why would you even start down this hideouslly complicated system instead of just getting a T-Mobile or Boost or similar plan, and buying a retail phone. (Preferably a $200 Anroid , or a uaed iPhone, instead of a $600 iPhone)

The "hustle" only shows up when you sign up for the incredibly expensive systems and then try to find a loophole.
It's helpful to remember any time a European criticizes America- Their ancestors were too cowardly to get on the boat.
Not really. We rallied pretty hard against the Clipper Chip. John Perry Barlow ran in those circles (he interviewed Ted Nelson for one Mondo issue) and the EFF was a big presence in the hacker culture.

I'll admit we were naive about Google, though. But at the time, they were a couple college students taking on "big business". In a way, they were re-democratizing the Internet, and that was a good thing. "Don't be evil" was exactly the kind of message we expected to hear from an Internet company.
Looks really clean and nice. Great stuff.

How do you plan to monetize it? It says "in app purchases" but couldn't spot any paid-for options.

A few small comments:

* The login option is slightly confusing, because it has a big Boreal on top. Am I logging in / creating an account for Boreal or HN ?

* On the announcement blog post you have a typo "So, what do you l[o]ose trying it?", and I think you should anyway say "What do you have to lose by trying it?" (I'm not a native English speaker though).

* I wish there was a way to jump straight into the comments. It's not uncommon for me (and I believe others) to start off by reading the comments, and only then the article.
That's what I thought of saying to dang, "But it was funny right, a good zinger?"
Pretty much everyone in India has a scooter which is probably more dangerous than the car. Unless you count scooter as a motor vehicle, this statistic is meaningless.
This is what I've always understood to be the case, just never return the device, pay it off and sell it on craigslist/ebay (which I've done 4+ times without any issues).
To me, one of the hallmarks of great artists is that their work is distinct and recognizable. Escher's work is unmistakable for that of anyone else, both because of content and technique. Even works that don't feature the impossible geometry or tessellations he became famous for are unmistakably his due to their execution.

Most artists who dare to be so utterly unique have little chance of achieving commercial success, but Escher remains one of the most popular artists of the twentieth century. His work is iconic. Escher's unpopularity in high art circles is likely due to this improbable combination of uniqueness and popularity. Few artists dare to be as different as Escher was, and those who try usually wind up as failures. In this sense, Escher is a subject of ultimate jealousy for any "serious" artist while simultaneously being one of contempt for his popularity.

Escher is a great artist. I don't care what some people say. They're wrong. They'd likely have the same view of Picasso if he had held himself more aloof.
Have you seen the "who's hiring" threads that are automatically created here on the first of each month? Some of the jobs posted there are remote.

For freelancers:

Ask HN: Freelancer? Seeking freelancer? (July 2015)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9812246

For permanent positions:

Ask HN: Who is hiring? (July 2015)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9812245

Ask HN: Who wants to be hired? (July 2015)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=9812247
How to Word a Profit Sharing Agreement
Hello,

I am a founder of a startup along with two other non-technical founders. I handle all technical/software/deployment etc.

Our corp. is about to release a product which has promise to be quite profitable. My personal goals are:

1. Share equity in the product evenly with my cofounders (does this follow from us having equal shares in the corp. that owns the product?)

2. Sign a profit sharing agreement which will entitle me to a slightly higher share of the profits due to the vast amount of technical labour involved in launching the product which I'll face alone. (The other founders are receptive to this)

3. Word or stage the profit sharing agreement in a way that it cannot be modified by my other two co-founders.

Is this possible? Couldn't they simply use their collective majority to change the nature of the profit sharing agreement whenever they see fit? Or can I introduce a clause which covers my ass?

Thanks!

EDIT: If anyone can direct me to some literature on this subject that you think would be beneficial that would be greatly appreciated. Also I forgot to mention, we're based in Canada (in case that makes any difference).
That figure isn't particularly illustrative either, conisdering that, in much of the US, living a normal life requires driving significant distances on a daily basis. In most other countries, driving is an optional convenience.

The deaths per vehicle-kilometer figure doesn't illustrate that it's very difficult to opt out of the automotive dangers in the US. And thus we also have a hard time forcing dangerous drivers to stop driving, in order to keep the rest of us safe from them.
Huh? what about rain, snow, sleet, and fog? What about the desert and mountainous western states? What about the wind in the midwest?

2 wheel transit requires actual expertise unless limited to mediterranean climates. you also have no way to deal with practical concerns like injuries, spare tires, designated drivers, and transit of things like gear for sports. that is all stuff that is the bread and butter of yound people needing cars/transit and why the parents delegate it out.

on the flipside, smaller cars & motorsycles are more dangerous. EG, when hit by all the massive SUVs and crazy f150 class vehicles favored by commercial drivers.

their is a logic to why americans drive the cars they do. in part that's why the story is more akin to a tradgedy than a farce. the issues don't solve themselves with trivial remedies.

Untill their is public transit that is safe, all-weather, and comprehensive, the public will need de-centralized and private transit solutions.

unfortunately, the geographic and population topography of the country does not suit the european model of public transporation. there are also many issues now that it is "too late" to save places like california, who now have such massice entrnched residential real estate that new transit corridors cannot be built by the state without paying in essence ransom to current deed holders.

...etc.
> should be the same compiler as that for the rest of the language

Sorry, I do not understand what are you talking about.

Of course it is the same host compiler. But, every macro itself is a small compiler. Sometimes, when your DSL is an elaborate, complex thing, the macro itself is a complicated, big compiler.

With all the bells and whistles of a big compiler - multiple stages, multiple intermediate representations, all that stuff. And SSA is one of the most efficient intermediate representations ever, suitable for a huge number of semantic classes of DSLs. So, making it harder to generate your same host language code out of an intermediate, in-macro representation does not serve any reason, it's plainly conuterproductive.
I really like this. I used to play piano, and I just hated reading sheet music. This seems to much more simple.

I don't think it'd work well in paper/book form, but on a scrolling screen I think it'd be a great learning aid.
You're correct, I had receive wrong information and never really thought it through in regards to high end systems.

Just about the only systems where it makes sense to talk about the power budget being relevant are where you're going in on base commodity systems and talking about a 3-4 year cycle time. (And maybe weird cases where we're having to meet power budgets of existing deployments.)

I was comparing situations that had already made a FLOPS/dollar decision because of constraints on other resources (cheap hardware, lots of it, TONS of storage, high sync latency), and so I guess both falls outside traditional HPC and is a secondary concern.

Thanks for the correction and have an upvote. (:
> the midwest in the mid-90s, where scarcely anyone had heard of the Internet

Something only people who never lived far from the coasts would believe. Ha ha.
It'd be really ironic if that commenter had an ancestor that died in America while fighting to put down the rebellion.
Thanks for your feedback!
We already implemented a new way for navigating into comments in the next version. The next version will be a big update with a ton of new features and is coming next week!
Could you elaborate on or link to a more detailed tradeoff?

I want memory safety with as few hazzle as possible and that Rust doesn't understand the safety of the first example means hazzle. I expect the compiler to try to understand even if it's ’hard’. It doesn't need to understand everything but the mentioned situtation should be doable.
CORE Labs Research Publications
At least people who think like that are supporting public transit! It's far better than the (sadly) more common thought-pattern of "I don't use it, so I won't vote to fund it".
Check out our new project- Personal humidifier just like you imagine
Clever. But you'd still have to upvote something in order to save it, and people we hear from about this mostly want the two decoupled.
Summary: "no commercial use" is impractical and counter productive; giving something (digital) away for free and then telling people not to resell it, is a misguided form of jealousy. Use GPL-style "share alike" instead.
Lua client for Elasticsearch
I too moved from the UK to the US and the roads feel incredibly unsafe.

In Michigan, for example, there are terrible potholes. Drivers also often in beat-up cars, often related to high auto insurance – that may create an attitude of not caring as much about bumps. They'd never pass an MOT in the UK. Drivers tailgate, text on their phone, overtake on any side and regularly demonstrably drunk.
"That's the problem with goals. They become the thing you talk about instead of the thing you do." (http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1077258/)
Bank of Apple' Moves Closer with New Patent to Kill PayPal
Doesn't sound very extreme to me. In The Netherlands there are two separate tests. The theory is 40 theory/insight questions, of which you are allowed 5 mistake and 25 danger recognition tests of which you are allowed 12 mistakes. In the danger recognition you are shown a picture shot from the drivers seat that shows the speedometer and some situation, you have 3 options, keep on, foot off gas, brake. You get 8 seconds for each question and it costs 30 euros.

The practical test is something I think around 50% of people fail after an average of around 35 1-hour lessons. It costs around 200 euro I think. You can expect to spend between 1500 and 2000 euro's on a license.
So does a deck of flash cards. If you learned multiplication tables you can learn to read music. And if you can play video games you can play piano.

And it's NEVER too late to learn.
> When you start new thread, you don’t just start it by filling To: and Subject:, you also have to put it to some stream.

And right there, is why it won't catch on.
If you apply the same force as you would to a cup handle it order to pick up the cup, to a single atom of the surface of the cup, couldn't that remove the atom?

"Can be removed using a specific level of force" is then not sufficient for determining whether a collection of particles form an object.

Perhaps if one instead uses some amount of force applied on the collection of particles which depends on the mass of the collection?

That seems like it could be tricky, because I don't think I would generally consider fluids to be objects (in the sense we are speaking of), but I would not be too surprised if some fluid could be removed from a glass with a given level of force depending on the mass of a portion of the liquid, applied evenly over the portion, while keeping the portion of the liquid contiguous.

Which would seem to indicate that and portion of the liquid is an object.

However, maybe that is actually a solution, by adding the additional restriction that no part of an object is an object? (In a particular sense of object). Or alternatively, the intersection of any two objects is empty?

So, the section of the liquid is not an object, because a smaller part would then also be an object, and therefore, the individual molecules would be the objects.

That seems plausible to me...
One does not "simply" mark a method as mutating.

A) One must ensure that one's callers are also mutating, or otherwise have an assignable reference, all the way up the stack

B) One must mark the applicable function in the protocol interface as mutating, which may or may not be under your control

C) One must now repeat step A for all consumers of the protocol in step B, even if none of the other implementations of that protocol mutate their own state

Of course one can design one's architecture specifically with a view toward making ABC trivial, but in the general, unrestricted, default, I-had-other-problems-that-day-and-didn't-think-about-it case, they are hard.

That is why I find calls to "just learn value semantics" necessary but insufficient. Value semantics will not refactor my code when I discover-by-surprise that 18 functions need to become mutating, breaking API compatibility across several build targets, because I failed to forsee a necessary mutation 8 months ago.
Anyone have an actual citation of a methodology?
You can if your encoding is explicit about what's in band and out of band. I get the feeling you've never written a protocol ever.
True. Then they could be proud of their ancestor who fought to maintain an oppressive empire.
Thanks, using % did the trick.
Depends on when you're talking about. When I got my Ripco internet account in 1994, they made me get a parents' signature on a waiver before I could have access because I might encounter adult conversations and pictures of naked people.

This led to an hour-long discussion starting with "what's the Internet?" and "admit it, you just want to go on there to see naked people" before my dad signed off.

They younger people around me were exposed to the Internet first, through BBSs, Prodigy, and AOL. But the adults around me couldn't care less. Maybe it was a suburban vs urban thing?

What's funny is how quickly all that changed. It only took a couple years for the Internet to become a household word where I grew up.
Look at Khronus, it relies on Cassandra and Akka Cluster: https://github.com/despegar/khronus