skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
All those entities are used in my proof, while messages are skipped at all(so they are needed for better understanding only, while for proof's sake we can have a talk only about system's state transitions).

Process is the inductive set:

Inductive Process :=
| FinishedProcess: Binary -> Process
| proceed: nat -> Process.

then configuration is just a list of processes:

Definition Configuration := list Process.

Events are enumerated with naturals numbers, with two (abstract) functions for transition from one configuration to another, and to choose process by event:

Parameter eventFn : Configuration -> nat -> Configuration.
Parameter chooseFn : Configuration -> nat -> Process.

We can compare processes by using chooseFn:

Axiom Decidability: forall cfg n1 n2, chooseFn cfg n1 = chooseFn cfg n2 \/ chooseFn cfg n1 <> chooseFn cfg n2.

and as eventFn is abstract, it seems 'run' function using eventFn needs for following axioms to be commutative:

Axiom RunCommutativity: forall cfg s1 s2, run (run cfg s1) s2 = run cfg (s1 ++ s2).

Axiom RunCommutativity2: forall cfg step s, run (run cfg [step]) s = run cfg (step :: s).

Other axioms are following original paper pretty directly:

1. Partially correct protocol could decides on a single value only:

Axiom Consistency: forall cfg, ~(decidedValue cfg true /\ decidedValue cfg false).

2. There's no change in value after consideration(termination property of a consensus algorithm):

Axiom Termination: forall cfg b step, decidedValue cfg b -> decidedValue (eventFn cfg step) b.

3. "By the total correctness of P, and the fact that there are always admissible runs, V > 0"

Axiom Correctness: forall cfg, bivalent cfg \/ univalent cfg.

4. As messaging is asynchronous, we can swap two events involving different processes:

Axiom Async1: forall cfg step1 step2, (chooseFn cfg step1) <> (chooseFn cfg step2) -> run cfg ([step1;step2]) = run cfg ([step2;step1]).

Please note, there's no any limitation on synchronicity inside a process.

5. Initial configuration properties, i.e. both values are reachable from it

Axiom InitialNoConsensus: ~decided InitialConfiguration.
Axiom TrueReacheable: exists s1, decidedValue (run InitialConfiguration s1) true.
Axiom FalseReacheable: exists s2, decidedValue (run InitialConfiguration s2) false.

While original proof considering set of applicable messages, my proof uses only randomStep function returning some possible event to happen in current configuration, and AnotherProcessStepExists axiom stating any process can make a step in any round(in my formulation, if some process is involved in any step, there's other step for other process).

Axiom AnotherProcessStepExists: forall cfg step, exists step0, chooseFn cfg step <> chooseFn cfg step0.

Parameter randomStep: Configuration -> nat.

That's all! There are two other axioms which could be (and will be if so) proven probably, but anyway there's no doubt in them:

Axiom Correctness6: forall cfg s, univalent_true cfg -> univalent_true (run cfg s).

Axiom Correctness7: forall cfg s, univalent_false cfg -> univalent_false (run cfg s).
Cocoa is still a walled garden api. At least microsoft used C and C++ like everyone did.
Thanks for the frank feedback. I agree that we have a lot of "wiggle room", as you so diplomatically put it. Out of curiosity how do you feel about the current README on Docker's repo? https://github.com/docker/docker/blob/master/README.md

One problem we've encountered is that the audience for Docker is incredible broad - much broader than you might imagine when reading Hacker News for example. It is extremely common for CIOs, IT directors, and various business managers to just pick up the phone to ask us (or our partners) what Docker is all about. So it's difficult to tell a story which satisfies all audiences.

But I don't think that excuses everything. We are definitely better at building our product than at explaining it.

One interesting side-effect is that, if you've been exposed to Docker-related marketing (in a broad sense), most of it probably didn't originate from us, the creators of Docker. This is sometimes problematic because Docker is so polarizing: depending on who tells you about it you will get such a different, often distorted picture of reality. Either Docker is a miracle cure for every disease on Earth (indicating an over-enthusiastic Docker fan, or a vendor trying to sell something to Docker fans), or it's a scourge sent by the gods of the Unix valhalla to punish mankind for techno-hipster false idols such as javascript and php (indicating a jaded Docker-skeptic, or someone trying to sell something to Docker-skeptics). Either way, it creates a lot of noise. And as you point out, there might be less noise if we ourselves did a better job at explaining when using Docker is, or is not, a good solution.
> "The dag is immutable; it's a bit more than just a dag though. That's what I meant."

https://git-scm.com/book/en/v2/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History:

and you can rewrite commits that already happened so they look like they happened in a different way. This can involve changing the order of the commits, changing messages or modifying files in a commit, squashing together or splitting apart commits, or removing commits entirely – all before you share your work with others.

That surely looks like changing the graph, not just its attributes.

> "Your GC fears sound like superstition, sorry. Nothing to do with manual memory allocation, and the problems of manual memory management are irrelevant. GC just collects nodes no longer reachable from branches or tags. Very unscary once you understand the dag nature."

Thanks for triggering me to reread the documentation. I thought that gc would (potentially) collect all unreachable roots, but rereading https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-gc.html, I find:

The optional configuration variable gc.reflogExpire can be set to indicate how long historical entries within each branch’s reflog should remain available in this repository. [..] It defaults to 90 days.

The optional configuration variable gc.reflogExpireUnreachable can be set to indicate how long historical reflog entries which are not part of the current branch should remain available in this repository. [...] This option defaults to 30 days.

So, it seems that they work hard to prevent collection of nodes that you may want to refer to.

That makes this lack of documentation:

--auto
With this option, git gc checks whether any housekeeping is required; if not, it exits without performing any work. Some git commands run git gc --auto after performing operations that could create many loose objects.

waaaaaaay less of a problem. I have looked hard, but cannot figure out what those 'some commands' are that may do a gc. The best I could find is http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5137447/list-of-all-comma.... That's 5 years old, greps the git source code, and not the official documentation.
Greg Bear[0] has a theme in some of his novels about "The Therapied"

In the early teens of twenty-one, new techniques of effective psychological therapy began to transform Earth culture and politics. Therapied individuals, as a new mental rather than economic class, behaved differently. Beyond the expected reduction in extreme and destructive behaviors, the therapied proved more facile and adaptable, effectively more intelligent and therefore more skeptical. They evaluated political, philosophical, and religious claims according to their own standards of evidence. They were not “true believers.” Nevertheless, they worked with others – even the untherapied – easily and efficiently. The slogan of those who advocated therapy was, “A sane society is a polite society”.

After having read that, it clicked in my head, how the world could be different if everyone got some sort of mental therapy (since we all have issues, big and small), and the effect that might have on things like loans, job prospects, etc. If we all were more aware of our mental health, and it was ingrained in our society, it wouldn't be a matter of "it's a disorder or not", it would just be something everyone did because it's just healthier to do it than not.

[0] - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moving_Mars
Have you considered option (5) look up salmon recipes and follow the directions? There are lots of sites online dedicated to hosting recipes. Some of them have decent video and pictures so you can see what they're doing. Here's a salmon recipe I tried just last week: http://www.marthastewart.com/1033633/roasted-salmon-kale-and....

If you plan ahead and are willing to spend a few dollars you could also get a cookbook. I'd recommend How to Cook Everything and America's Test Kitchen Cooking School Cookbook. How to Cook Everything has lots of recipes and does a good job explaining cooking terms. The America's Test Kitchen book explains the reasons for why they do things a certain way and also lists common problems and their causes so you can avoid them or correct them without guesswork in the future.
At the same time that you blame the victims of police violence, you fail to make a convincing argument that connects the dots between "minorities exist in a country" and "minorities cause police to shoot people." Throwing together an observation (e.g., one society is more homogeneous than another) with another observation ("the USA is a more violent place than Iceland") really is a Swiss cheese argument. What a whopper.

The great part about Iceland (and Scandinavia, and Western Europe, etc.) is that they are able to let you live there, or politely suggest that you leave, without managing to kill you or metaphorically neuter you in the process (a la "visible minorities" in the United States, to use a Canadian term).
How your 'pedigree' prejudices your employer
Yup, I had kids at 22, it forced me to really reevaluate whether $10 on coffee a day was a wise use of funds. I ended up buying an apartment at 22 on tech support salary.

It sounds like the author has made a lot of poor choices and doesn't want to hold herself responsible for them.
Soylent had exceptionally poor order handling prior to their latest round of funding. The way they've run their business and development seems like a total joke. 6-10 month order delays over a year since they started selling? (Not to mention charging orders before shipping) "Most scientific food" - zero clinical trials? Are you shitting me?
Visualize your WakaTime data with KeenIO
Win7 has it.
In task manager, go to the Performance tab, and then press the "Resource Monitor" button.

Or run `perfmon /res`.
I was looking for b2gdroid when I wrote my question. Forgot that the app is called 'Fennec fabric' for some god knows what reason.
It's the natural progression. Going against automation is like rock fighting against erosion.
It has nothing to do with that. It's simple a matter of converting the cost/value of the additional benefits in the form of employer health-care and other things, and adding that on top of the salary as if they are the same.

Seems pretty logical to me when I look at my paycheck and make that calculation. Am I happy that my employer has control over my medical expenses? Probably not. Am I happy that they get huge discounts from insurance companies on my behalf(and that of their other employees)? Probably am.
The other "outlandish approach" mentioned is almost more interesting and has a tinge of humor to it, in my opinion.

>The Sporto Club do Recife hired fans' mothers to act as security guards, in the hopes that everyone would be too embarrassed to fight in front of a mother (it worked, too).
Effects of marijuana smoking on the lung
You don't have to hide content.

Some people do it and it annoys. But it can also be simple things like: Big screens see 2 1/2 screen wide tables across, small screens so the tables under each other. No hidden info either way, just scaled well.

I think good responsive website is the ideal end state. I do not want an app for every single thing I visit. A few important things sure. If stripe was my main activity, sure! But if I am just using it to watch my monthly sales number... rather have a good mobile website.
A more recent and relatively successful game in which you don't really control the units is the Majesty series. However, the AI is more sophisticated and the units are trying to be D&D-like adventurers, your main way of control are bounties you place (eg for killing a monster).
It may be, but it doesn't solve some of the problems that cputhrottle does. My main use for cputhrottle is to limit the CPU usage of Flash. It's not that I want to use the CPU for something else, at least not at the moment, but I don't want my laptop's fans to turn on, the whole thing to heat up and it to kill my battery life. [re]nice will only allow another process to get CPU priority, it won't keep the CPU utilization low.

The bizarre part, when it comes to Flash, is that I've yet to see an actual difference in the application behavior when I throttle down it's CPU usage. I would think that if it normally maxes out 7 of my 8 logical cores, being limited to 40% of one core would make introduce slowness. But I guess that's just an indication of how poorly written the OS X flash client it.
Sad day for Canada Bill C-51 just passed
or they are building infrastructure for Big Data, because it's the Future ;)
This hits home. While everyone is talking containers, we're running simple processes with a Linux user per instance, and I feel no need to add more complexity to our system, except I'm really struggling to automate stuff.

It seems that if you aren't running a full dockerized cluster of services or outsourcing everything to a PaaS, you're left with building all the infrastructure yourself. What did people use before this great new wave?
I actually am wholly opposed to government-run lotteries, mainly for the reasons you cited but also because they prey upon the poor and act as a wealth redistribution engine from the poor to the rich.

My question is why would taking advantage of this system for one's own gain be unethical? The administrators believe (apparently erroneously) that they have a built-in statistical advantage over anybody playing. So by the logic that the MIT students shouldn't exploit a flaw in the system even though it is legal because it is unethical, then the lottery administrators should not be able to run a lottery for the same reason.
This is the problem with rolling up the human experience into a price index, and then using that index to judge changes in standard of living.

Purchasing power of electronics, appliances, etc, has gotten a lot better.

Purchasing power of food has somewhat stagnated, though variety has gotten better.

It is harder for a single earner to pay for a standard three bedroom house in a good school district that is close to jobs. It is also much more expensive to buy the education admission ticket to the job market, due to cost inflation of schools and credential inflation of job requirements.

A bunch of that non-wage compensation is just going directly into bigger healthcare bureaucracy that doesn't do anything the worker, it should be considered an increase in income that is offset by a bureaucracy tax. Healthcare has gotten better, but the things that have gotten better are generally related to where the money is going.
Yes, curated lists can become burdensome. We try to stay on top of change requests and are always looking for more material to add.
For the sake of argument let's say I agree. But why aren't we automating away management and coordination tasks to empower workers? Or, why are we building systems that capture the value of the work we're automating away and funneling it up to the owners of capital, instead of distributing the value of those productivity gains to the people doing the work?
Reminds me of Schrodingers Cat(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schr%C3%B6dinger%27s_cat).
>I'd at least threaten to fire them if they even thought about it again.

Blame the employees for crappy management. Sounds like fun!
Yep, and it probably deserves its own Show HN entry from the author. I bet it would get a lot of positive attention.
Tab Suspender for Power Tab Users in Chrome, Save Battery Life and RAM
I find that position to be very hard to understand - devtools live or die by their adoption. A clear understanding of what a tool does is critical to its adoption.

Look at, say, the homepage of Ruby: https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/. There's a clear, two sentence explanation of what it is:

A dynamic, open source programming language with a
focus on simplicity and productivity. It has an
elegant syntax that is natural to read and easy to write.

There's an example embedded on the page. There's also recent news that intermediate users might be interested in.

On Docker's website, there's a huge amount of confusion about what Docker even is. A platform? A runtime? Both? Which is the one I should care about?

The nerd-centric viewpoint that tool should succeed entirely on their own merits, with no affordances for the user, is crazy. It's that attitude towards UX that has lead to the following one-liner to being the only way to do something so mundane as "removing all your untagged images":

docker rmi $(docker images | grep "^<none>" | awk "{print $3}")

Any business that interacts with other humans needs to concern itself with messaging, and I don't think computer industry types are exempt in any way.
New projected smartphone display could make device size irrelevant
Longform content in our current ad ecosystem
Ask HN: Advice for my phone project
Few months ago I tried to build a phone platform where shy people could phone call and talk to members of the opposite sex to get more comfortable in conversation. Ideally, a person would set an amount from free to x money per minute. Shy person would call anonymous phone number and be prompted for credit card. After payment it would call provider cell phone so user does not have their phone #. After end of conversation, system automatically tallies bill and gives pittance to me and most money to provider. At that time also, user is prompted to buy emailed mp3 recording of conversation for x money and provider gets most of that money too.

I am very novice and do not have heavy coding experience. Worked a little bit with visual basic, html, wordpress, drupal, & php. Tried using Twilio Twimlets, but couldn't get exact functionality I wanted. Another user on here recommended I use Stripe for payment processing, but couldn't find a novice function akin to Strimlets. Lastly tried using Zapier and then I gave up.

Wanting to try again. Are there any more easy-to-use resources HN could recommend for this project? If anyone knows of an open-source downloadable platform that is similar, maybe I could manipulate that. Appreciate your time and advice!
$13,000 in payroll alone is way too much! I would love to show you the Justworks value! Feel free to stalk me or reach out via twitter. @BowtieTechie
Ask HN: Managing and sharing personal health records?
So I've been in Germany for a while now and the other day had to visit a doctor for the first time in a few years. I was a bit surprised when one of the nurses approached me to fill out a paper form with some basic information about myself: name, phone number, medications, past history, etc. Why was I surprised? Because we're in 2015 and the way this should work is that someone should be able to scan my medical card (which has an electronic chip in it BTW) and get access to whatever information I've chosen to share. I can't even imagine how hard this is for the elderly to manage...

What are your thoughts on this? Do you personally use anything to manage your own health records(e.g. Microsoft's Health Vault)? I'm thinking something should exist that is like Snapchat\Dropbox for medical records where I can choose what to give access to and to whom for whatever period is necessary. Cheers!
The $17 Dollar Android Console It’s a Deal You Can’t Pass Up
So you posited a totally dumb guy to talk to, then you talked to him and he said dumb stuff. Cool.
Please look at the chart that I posted. Wages have declined for the majority of men, since 1973. The chart you link to averages all workers, so the increase for women, and the big increase in income for the top 10% of workers, pulls up the average. But for the majority of men, things have gotten worse since 1973.
And for anyone thinking that "it's easy to say 'save more and spend less' when you make a six-figure salary, but that doesn't apply to me", take a look at http://www.mrmoneymustache.com/2015/06/05/success-even-after... , which provides a good counterexample.
Thats not limited to HN.

Outsorcing became a Wall Street fad once a few big name companies did the numbers and found they could reduce costs by doing so.

Soon "everyone" was doing it, or announcing that they were going to, even though they had little to nothing to gain from it.

As that saying goes: when all you have is a hammer, every problem looks like a nail.

And right now that hammer, at least in terms of IT, seems to be containers.
Solomon, I gave a talk at lunch at your company about this very topic, but I think you weren't there, so you missed it. Ask avinson for a link to it. I think it was saved on your BlueJeans system.
Thanks for letting me know! Wondering what I can do here. Maybe report to them for a false positive example?
How about:

https://run.pivotal.io/features/

?

Java 1.8 and Tomcat 8.0.x, so Servlet 3.1. On a good day, deployment is one command which just does its thing.

It's not without its quirks, but in my experience they're fairly minor.
Why Does Ursula K. Le Guin Hate Amazon? It Increases Access to Books
Sure. But it's incorrect to blame, say, Docker for that.
About time we had some better data on retention. It's critical to long term success and measuring Product Market Fit.
I get completely where you are coming from, the reason that I eventually got the hang of Ansible is because if you do it right (I mean using ansible's modules over scripts/commands) it adds the ability to rerun your ansible playbooks (think of them like those bash scripts) multiple times on the same cluster/node/server without worrying something will change because you run them more than once. Also bash on it's own has no templating feature, or easy way to check if something has already happend. And after a while the whole systems starts making sense.

I can only imagine your current bash-scripts are awesome and do tons of stuff for you, but I'd really like to suggest you give ansible another go, and ignore the different files for roles/vars/tasks in the beginning, just dump everything into one playbook, like your bash scripts do currently.
If he didn't have schizophrenia, i'd completely agree with you. As it is, i'm not sure he is capable of learning to stop using any particular terms. At least not during an episode.
You either misunderstood this or are purposefully misrepresenting it.

>findings from a limited number of well-designed epidemiological studies do not suggest an increased risk for the development of either lung or upper airway cancer from light or moderate use

This is not a decrease of lung cancer - but merely not an increase. Meaning it shows it does not cause cancer like smoking tobacco.

To continue on...

>although evidence is mixed concerning possible carcinogenic risks of heavy, long-term use

Which means results are inconclusive for heavy, long-term use, meaning marijuana could still increase the risk of lung cancer by introducing carcinogens.

>In summary, the accumulated weight of evidence implies far lower risks for pulmonary complications of even regular heavy use of marijuana compared with the grave pulmonary consequences of tobacco.

The purpose of this was to show that even heavy use of marijuana has far less risks (but still has risks over not smoking at all) when compared to tobacco.
It's not crappy management for engineers to have technically cool ideas that are bad business, and then rationalize their value. It's bad management to let them execute on them (except if you have some sort of do-what-you-want time for developers, which is a good way to compensate and balance for this).
Indeed prime code challenge