skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yes, they were responding to the impossibly weak Articles of Confederation. The framers put several checks in place to prevent the federal government from becoming too powerful:

1) Enumerating the powers of the executive. There will be no King George in America!

2) Designing the checks & balances system such that (in theory) no one of legislative, executive, judicial could become too powerful to override the other two.

3) As you mentioned, the inclusion of the second amendment (and third, fourth, eighth) were all designed to prevent repeating problems the colonists faced before the war.

4) Tenth amendment was added to further strip the federal government of its non-enumerated powers.

The framers wanted something stronger than AoC, but they were very clear in their desire to limit the power of the federal government. They wanted a weak executive, and the legislative, particularly the Senate, was designed to be the main "doer of things".

The executive was initially quite powerless on purpose. When Jefferson tried to do the Louisiana Purchase, people challenged whether the executive had this power. Andrew Jackson then came along and began the journey of expanding the powers of the executive, followed by Lincoln suspending habeus corpus, and more modern figures such as FDR with the internment camps and New Deal all continuing to expand these powers. While this is obviously only a partial list of expansion, it contains several notable examples.
Touch the Sky with Alex Zanardi
The funny part is that it's also illegal for a car to make a turn through the crosswalk while pedestrians are anywhere in the crosswalk. This is far more dangerous than jaywalking and happens routinely. The law covering this is rarely/never enforced.
> and don't get me started about the difficulty walking after 9 pm when every lawn sprinkler in the valley would unleash a deluge across the sidewalks

This problem is not unique to California. I felt the same during my stay in Overland Park, Kansas (a small suburb close to Kansas City, Missouri).

What was also noteworthy to me was how downtown kcmo was different when it snowed. They usually (always?) cleaned the sidewalks in downtown kcmo. However, Overland Park sidewalks were grossly neglected with snow from the streets often piled on the sidewalk with no apparent concern for pedestrians.
As a teenager in the 80s I did learn mostly on paper at first -- no computer for the first year and more. The maybe nonobvious benefit, if you're lucky in your choice of books, is in coming to expect code to be as nice and pretty as the textbook examples. The working world was quite a comedown later on.

Maybe a crazy idea, but Dijkstra's A Discipline of Programming was meant for coding on paper. Hehner's A Practical Theory of Programming is kind of similar and more recent -- I haven't read it.
OS X Reviewed
>with so many humans going thirsty

Where are there humans going thirsty? Honest question.
The maximum speed there is 1, in natural units.
I like to think of it this way: if I'm writing an open-source library that I want others to include in their projects, the best way to get adoption (or to just make fellow dev's lives easier) is MIT/BSD/similar-style licensing. I personally don't mind if people cut or carve up my code, use it in closed-source, etc as long as they keep my name on it.

When it comes to building an actual app that's open-source (and not meant to be included in other projects), GPL is a really great way to go. In my mind, it protects the end-users of the app such that it can never be infected by closed-source software, via me or by anyone else, as long as it stays GPL.

For things like protecting a project against the hooked tentacles of the US government's spy machine, it's a great tool. Sure I can put in backdoors, but everyone in the world will see it.
Users are reluctant to use social login given the context of social login being sharing. This sharing sometimes results in accidental sharing or over sharing with the application and its users or "friends" on the providers social network.
Right, he mentioned UNC-CH in particular, but otherwise, there seems to be a trend of people on the West Coast / Silicon Valley, being painfully unaware of how good many Southern schools are. And no, I don't expect any random person in CA to know specifically that "UGA is a Top 30 law school", but I'd expect pretty much anybody to realize that it's a pretty damn good school in general. Same for the other schools I mentioned.

But, maybe I'm just putting too much stock into things I read here on HN and in startup related blog posts and articles. I haven't spent that much time in SF/SV and surrounding areas, so maybe this is just a filter bubble thing in effect.
They're probably best known for the law school, not their undergraduate stuff. Anyway, that was just one example.
an object literal would provide the same guarantee but without the overhead of function prototype methods, wonder if there's any other reason?
And people say that women are too sensitive and just need to grow a thicker skin. You realize that there is a difference between saying there is a sexism problem and saying that everyone is a sexist, right?
I think s/he has the British monarchy in mind. They either are fine people or they have awesome PR.
Nice article:

This profile closely matches the expectations of a singular isothermal sphere profile where....

Why should the dark matter form a spherical blob? Right, because that's what makes Kepler behave better. But how the heck does the dark matter behave? Why should it take this distribution? It seems to be all made up to only explain observation, but not itself.
This appears to be true, eg:

cat <<eof > Hello.java
public class Hello {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println("Hello, world!"); }}
eof

javac Hello.java
echo "Main-Class: Hello" > manifest.mf
jar cvfm hello.jar manifest.mf Hello.class
time java -jar hello.jar
Hello, world!

real 0m0.153s
user 0m0.132s
sys 0m0.020s

vs:

lein new hello
cd hello
# Pesty s-expressions, so hard to work with... ;-)
cat <<eof|patch -p0
--- project.clj 2015-04-16 04:13:09.734160136 +0200
+++ project.clj.patch 2015-04-16 04:09:33.809504079 +0200
@@ -3,4 +3,5 @@
:url "http://example.com/FIXME"
:license {:name "Eclipse Public License"
:url "http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v10.html"}
+ :main hello.core
:dependencies [[org.clojure/clojure "1.6.0"]])
eof

cat<<eof > src/hello/core.clj
(ns hello.core
(:gen-class))
(defn -main
"I don't do a whole lot."
[]
(println "Hello, World!"))
eof

lein uberjar

time java -jar target/hello-0.1.0-SNAPSHOT-standalone.jar

Hello, World!

real 0m1.060s
user 0m1.400s
sys 0m0.040s

(Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2520M CPU @ 2.50GHz, SSD drive)
Nah, because given I've never even tried most of the mature alternatives then it would be a faux pas to sell other people on why they should use it.
Off topic, but I'm curious what kind of data mining the VC has you doing.
int80h.org

Anyway, the original question was _why_ does Linux use registers to pass arguments. Arguments can be passed on the stack, but Linux chose to use registers. Why this choice over the other option?

Do you know the answer?

Just curious.
That's a thrust to weight ratio above 1 when only one of its 9 engines are firing, and running at minimum throttle to boot.
I got 500 from a CNN article dated today. Less than 5% can be 1% or 4%.

Either way its still virtually nobody.
Yes, I agree with you, but in this specific instance, when the DRM key has been transferred securely -- and when everything in the pipeline will fail when the content is messed with -- what is the point of HTTPS?
> Would a drougue have simply added too much weight or too much complexity to deploy?

Never mind the weight: the problem sited with this landing was excessive lateral velocity. A drogue chute would have the potential to make that problem worse rather than better.
It seems to be working a little differently now. (I was going to say "better" but that's debatable.) 1/2 is still in the number suffix, but now "Green Onion, Some City" is the place name, and it doesn't try to parse it further.
> Are they considered to be something special in the Southern states ?

Special? No, why would they be "special"? The point is that they're fine schools; on par with good schools anywhere else in the country - but not necessarily "elite" schools like Yale or Harvard. But some people seem to have this "thing" of acting like having gone to school in the South singles you out as some barely-literate, uneducated hillbilly. This is far, far from the truth. That's all I'm getting at.

That said, there are several Southern schools that help make up the original group of "Public Ivies"[1], including three of the schools named above (W&M, UNC-CH and UVA).

[1]: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Ivy#The_original_Public_...
But they're not just not paying. They're offering to perform a search service in exchange for a brand new license. Your description is a much better fit for the Spain situation.
They're...people who want to point guns at you and steal your money? Why would anyone want to cooperate with people like that?
A similar idea in the works is using bacteria to produce sugar and other nutrients. One company claims they can make more than 30 times as much sugar per acre as regular agriculture.

Some discussion and links on that here: https://www.reddit.com/r/Futurology/comments/31zo1r/a_future...
Can you solve the maths question for Singapore schoolkids that went viral?
> By the time this EU case winds down (Microsoft's took a decade), the traditional web search engine might not even exist anymore.

Exactly. The court system moves so much slower than the technology industry. It wasn't the US justice department that disrupted IE. Instead it was Firefox, Safari, and Chrome. It took me 5 minutes to install a different, better web browser. It will take me even less time to start using a different, better search engine whenever one comes along.
If any of the engines has a TWR above one when landing, even at it's lowest setting, i can't help but wonder why don't they use a smaller engine which can be more effectively used to land.

I'm sure theres a perfectly good reason for this, there's a reason SpaceX has its reputation, but i'm curious as to why.
> Anybody want to fund my prostate cancer biomarker discovery project?

Only if you'll fund my endometriosis genome study (I need 25k participants) and the resulting CRISPR/Cas9 gene variant protocol trials ;)
This is nothing like the GMO debate.

GMOs are not giving a curated list of seeds away for free to make the farmers dependent on them.

GMOs sell their product like every body else in the free market.
Maybe the problem is the length of countdown timers? I don't know how they are determined and set but anecdotally I often see 10 seconds or sometimes others in excess of 15s or even 20s on a road that takes ~5s to cross.

It seems to me like this is a reasonable law IF the timers were set to only give the pedestrians minimal amount of time to cross the street. Given it takes 5s to cross, timer starts with 5 remaining. Pedestrians in the road see it and rush to either side. Pedestrians about to enter the road will have an easier decision to make: I can't make it in 5s so I wait. Obviously some will think they can, then fine them; I think that's reasonable. But holding up pedestrians with 20s remaining seems unreasonable to me.

The main problem I see is for slower pedestrians; seniors, handicapped etc. They might need more time and could be caught of guard in the middle of the street with no time remaining... An immediate thought would be a white flashing hand as a warning that time is running low (no counter!)... Probably requires lots of reprogramming though.
Your comment can be damn near anything you want it to be. Do you expect that you should never get downvotes because you don't want them? I don't even understand why people pay attention to votes, but to have such an emotional reaction to the comment score truly boggles me.

Note: I don't expect this to be a great comment either. Downvote away! I honestly don't care.
If you're just pushing raw bytes down a socket, you can use sendfile(2) to direct cached data directly to the NIC without copying it to a private buffer first. This is a pretty big deal at 40Gbps, and Netflix have funded quite a bit of work towards improving it:

https://secure.freshbsd.org/search?project=freebsd&q=netflix+sendfile

TLS kicks all that in the teeth - each encrypted stream needs its own private buffer which has to go in and out of the CPU before it gets anywhere near the NIC. That costs memory bandwidth (a mere 400Gbps with quad-channel DDR3), memory you could have otherwise used as cache (keeping in mind you need to hold onto it until the client ACKs it), and CPU cycles (probably still a decent chunk of overhead even with AES-NI).
It has become a lot more common for spam to arrive in the form of inside sales reps sending semi-personalized emails to a guessed email address. Even running a startup with just two people, we could get multiple emails a week from sales reps who just guessed the email based on my name and the company. I'm sure it only gets worse as the company grows.

I have started adopting the following approach to keeping email accounts spam free:

1) Choose a non-standard address format. For instance, my name, Devin Helton could be devhelton or devinhelt. I would avoid devin@ or dhelton.

2) Have a few different aliases. You can set this up pretty easily in gmail or fastmail. Give out one alias when signing up for services, another alias that is semi-public, another alias for people you personally correspond with. You can then set up filters that separate out the messages, so personal correspondence is separated from sales emails.
If I understand the author correctly: a CP system sacrifices Availability only during a Partition, whereas an AP system tends to sacrifice Consistency all the time.
> Do not provide ID ever (unless driving, since it also happens to be your DL) and do not answer questions as to whether you have ID.

Isn't it technically illegal for an adult not to have ID on them?
Except that the whole point of me wanting to use TextSecure is the encrypted SMS/MMS transport. How would removing the one feature that actually stands out make for a better product?
I didn't know the recidivism rate was that high! 77 percent is unbelievable. Even higher in younger populations... I wonder how much of this is based on the system being rigged against parolees, but looking at the stats, while a significant number were drug offenses, for example, which might go undetected for a non-felon, about 1/3rd were property and 1/3rd violent.

The skeptic in me thinks, almost like something about the experience of going to prison makes one more likely to be a criminal. The optimist in me thinks we should be focusing less on predicting recidivism and more time trying to prevent it. There's a huge economic incentive to rehabilitation, but of course the system can't get out of its own way and treat prisoners like reformable human beings that we actually want contributing positively to society sometime in the near future. The unfortunate reality is some of these felons really are scum of the earth and can never safely be released.

It would be pretty interesting to find better ways of 'binning' felons to try to provide a more reformative atmosphere for the ones that could actually make it out the other side and back into productive society. Brain scan could be the least biased way to do it if we can get the science down. The whole things sounds terribly problematic though.
Technology Overkill: Do we use it too much?
>The sweet spot for exercise benefits, however, came among those who tripled the recommended level of exercise, working out moderately, mostly by walking, for 450 minutes per week, or a little more than an hour per day. Those people were 39 percent less likely to die prematurely than people who never exercised.
In my experience, American cops are indeed 100% people, but a significant proportion are not good people. The worst, most vicious people I knew from high school became policemen. There are no standards. The police admit any ol' gun-fetishist idiot who wants to beat up "hippies and negroes". It barely even matters if he can hold a gun straight, because there are no standards and no accountability.
I agree that Mims' books are easy to understand, but for me they are boring and painfully behind the current state of the art. Horowitz and Hill's Art of Electronics (the third edition is out) on the other hand is readable and holds your interest, and gives you an up to date forest for the trees perspective (it is even funny in places). I also feel obligated to point out Mims' controversies http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forrest_Mims#Controversy
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Pianka#Texas_Academy_of_Sc...
Pretty sure the original plan was mars after the moon. The cold war shifted away from the space race, and we built skylab instead. Some of the mars plans were pretty crazy. send 3 rockets. 1 with crew and supplies, 2 for the return trip. 2 just in case something went wrong.
Nice:

'Obree himself said: "My biggest regret of my career is mentioning to a journalist that there was a bit from a washing machine in my bike.

"Now forever I will be remembered as the washing machine guy."'
The Solar System
Could you live until 1000 years old? Someone probably will
Having implemented and used multiple consistent coordination systems: Raft+ in c5 (I helped write), Single Decree Paxos via DConE at WanDISCO and timeline consistent implementations via HBase, I have to say the academics miss that the devil is in the implementation details. We all focus on high level things like CAP (although FLP is what real hard core academics care about) when system details like how you can aggregate fsyncs, system pauses (Especially with GC) and how you integrate your coordination system into the larger system play a much larger role in overall system
latency. The coordination posture is a minor detail when compared to GC issues. Now I know what you are going to say, "He's not an academic". He ran a real DB company. I totally disagree. The DB community in general focuses on the wrong thing. That's true in Hadoop, it's true with cassandra, and I would bet that it's true at google as well.
This is actually incredibly useful! Thanks for the link... Reaching out for B2B purposes, this makes the process much more efficient.
My immediate reaction is to recoil away from services that give away emails or phone numbers. I work for a contact info company and we've always been very wary of giving out emails, so seeing another company go ahead and be proud of that... it's a little shocking. I get enough cold email spam as it is.
I'll have to add that to my list. I just got caught up through Dan Carlin's current `Hardcore History` multi-part podcast series on WW1, which is fantastic.

http://www.dancarlin.com/product/hardcore-history-50-bluepri...

As a former soldier WW1 has always fascinated me in a unique kind of way. WW2 was the largest war in history and likely one of the worst wars in which to be caught in behind the lines as a civilian, but I'm convinced WW1 was the worst war to be in on the front lines as a soldier.
Mars doesn't have water.
I find that the Go and Scala versions for most of those examples both take the same amount of time to read.
I am covering the cost. I pay network charges like everyone else.
I can't wait for super pages. Going to be so funny. What's new is old!
The vast majority of people take the standard deduction. Only about third of taxpayers itemize deductions. Many of those would probably be covered by mortgage interest and donations which the IRS already knows about.

The self employed and wealthy probably would still need to do their taxes. Self employed is only 7% of workforce. Even their taxes would be easier because they would know all of the info that the IRS collected and wouldn't have to collect the paper forms.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_Shuttle_Solid_Rocket_Boo...

Some of the parts from the first missions were re used on the last. The SRBs weren't disposable, but they were essentially refurbished after each launch.
>On average they tend to have far more genetic variation away from "known good" genomes, yet I don't know anyone who thinks that clinical trials are warranted when Farmer Bob's corn cross-pollinates with Farmer Joe's corn.

Some real world examples of foods being dangerous is Solanine in potatoes. All potatoes contain a small amount of it, and they can sometimes mutate or be accidentally bred to contain harmful amounts. Tomatoes also have small amounts of solanine and tomatine, especially in their leaves.
Is this supposed to be an answer?

I like marssaxman's comment.

I'm not sure I would call this a "feature" because I think of "features" as being intentional and if marssaxman is correct, this justification for shared library use was an accidental side effect.

But I have limited knowledge of the history behind dynamic linking. Hence my questions. I am just curious.
Rapydscript: Python-like  pre-compiler for JavaScript
You'd be surprised how many ISPs want to MITM media.
Why not just

a = 4
'A is:{}'.format(a)
These commissions are set up here, only after someone from a global body like UN, World Bank, IMF etc complains about their absence.
Presenting it as a direct quote is intellectually dishonest. Please don't use that kind of manipulation here, even if you think your cause warrants it.
And that doesn't count... why?

The fact that they realize that it's better business to be anti-surveillance is even more reason to celebrate.
How to build a Dyson Sphere
On Net Neutrality: Are mobile operators paid to promote certain messaging apps?
In Trinidad, for example, on Digicel, one of the two largest mobile operators, using Whatsapp does not count toward your data usage. But any other messaging apps do.

Observe the "extras", http://4g.digiceltt.com/en/pricing/4g-data-rates

I wonder if this usage is being subsidized by Facebook. And if this practice occurs in other countries. Because in practice it is a blow to Net Neutrality.
I don't have access to the detail at the moment. I'm easy to find so ping me an email as a reminder.
No, my heart rate goes up (like everyone else's) but doesn't come back down for a while (10 minutes?). I have no endurance and resting between workouts doesn't recharge me.
There's no question in my mind that we'll figure out the aging thing, and probably sooner rather than later.

Then the ethical questions will arise - e.g. "will only the wealthy be able to afford it?", "what happens to the world population if the birth rate doesn't go to zero?", etc.

Update: the Mars Trilogy novels deal with this issue nicely, including what could happen to your mind as you live longer. They're very good too. :) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_trilogy
This is a pretty interesting idea. My wonder, however, is what this 'rejuvenation' has in store for our mental age. If we bring the physical body back to 30, but the mind stays at 60 we might not want to live that long.
Thank you so much for this. The anticipation while waiting for the sound of the explosion to arrive got a cackle out of me.
For the final stage of landing only a single Merlin engine is lit.

They're also limited in how much they can control the throttle on it.

Even at minimum throttle, it's not possible for it to hover.
I've tried a great many ways of brewing coffee including several Aeropress setups - I can honestly say that Aeropress is no better than your standard French press - it's not even close to espresso or even a handpresso or similar device.