skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
What I want to know is if this could be considered willful negligence. In the past (i.e. before ~WW2) knowledge about the harmful effects of some types of radiation was not "common knowledge, even among otherwise educated people.

After the bomb (esp. after the Crossroads Baker and Castle Bravo test that introduced a lot of the world to the term "fallout") and the changes seen in medicine (x=ray, cancer treatments, fears about cancer in general) I would guess that most of the population is at least aware that ionizing radiation can be dangerous, even if they do not understand the specifics.

Radiophobia and the anti-nuclear movements have certainly amplified the fears about anything involving "radiation". The fact that "radiation" means "always very dangerous" to many people is evidence of this attitude.

So I suggest that trying to claim ignorance about the potential dangers of pointing an active x-ray emitter at someone should be handled the same way as we treat claims of being ignorant about guns. For most cases, claiming "I didn't know that guns were dangerous" is going to be dismissed as an obvious lie or gross negligence. Is there any reason a jury should treat "I didn't know that using an x-ray beam was dangerous" as a valid get-out-of-jail explanation?

Note: I understand that low-level operators may not have been told how the machine works (such things would be for a court to decide). Responsibility flows upwards, and if it was a commercial product, some Professional should have had to sign off on the design. In any case, someone had to authorize these scanners... which I call mens rea.

[edit] A valid defense, of course, would be to have the results of some very rigorous safety analysis that showed there was no danger. Preferably by a 3rd party. If this study existed, I suspect it would have already been shown to the public.
For me, the first search result is chrome official page, but above that is the ad which links to spyware website.
Nooo. No.

An actuary is someone who does actuarial work. Most people join the profession right out of college. They have no piece of paper other than their degree. They are still actuaries.

A credentialed actuary is someone who has gone through the entire educational system, which are a series of exams that are typically taken while working as an actuary. Credentials and the practice rights that come with them permit an actuary to do exactly one new thing. Only a credentialed actuary can opine on the adequacy of an insurance company's loss reserves (to make sure that the company has set aside enough money for all of the claims it will eventually have to pay).

Not many actuaries issue formal statements of actuarial opinion. All of the other work that we do can be legally done by anyone. There is nothing stopping an insurance company from hiring a large number of statisticians or whatever to do the day-to-day work, only bringing in a credentialed actuary to do the reserve opinion once a year. Companies generally don't do this because actuaries are more than just statisticians; they're business professionals with very deep domain knowledge. Credentialed actuaries command a premium in the marketplace not because of any "regulatory moats", but because the specialized education itself is very valuable. If that ever stops being the case then nothing is stopping the market from correcting itself.
Star got swallowed by a Warp in Space-Time
That still wouldn't be evidence that recruiters are trying to hire actual entry level positions. I'm not saying that they aren't, but simply that the post was not really very solid evidence of it if the poster isn't entry level.
More details about C4 from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C4_carbon_fixation

> About 7,600 plant species use C4 carbon fixation, which represents about 3% of all terrestrial species of plants.

> These include the food crops maize, sugar cane, millet, and sorghum

(The section http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C4_carbon_fixation#C4_leaf_anat... is easier to read because it's not so technical.)

Is it easier to transform the rice in a C4 plant or to transfprm the rice fields to maize fields? [Disclaimer: My family is from the north of Argentina and we really like maize.]
Arecibo: the space message
Banking logic uncovered for Wells Fargo
Try odesk. Set a high rate and be choosy in who you work with.
Check http://yacy.net/
We used to run a decentralized server on our office PCs to aid in protein folding. The program would lie in the background and monitor CPU usage, then spring into action once the CPU was idle for some time, and utilize all but one CPU core to process one of the work packages available on a central server. To fold proteins, you'd just add your request to the queue, and some time later, you'd get the results, calculated on various PCs from customer support to the labs. Good times.
This book was recommended to me as extremely detail-oriented, and extremely detail-oriented it was!
Fun, engrossing and really entertaining, specially if you are a KSP fan like myself. I have added it to my list of books to inspire my kids. So if they ever come to me and say, "Dad, what is chemistry good for?" I can just give them The Martian and say, "read this and you'll know", they will be calculating limiting reagents as if their lives depended on it!
Diving into a Silverlight Exploit and Shellcode – Analysis and Techniques
This is on my list to read after being recommended to me directly twice.

As a fellow writer of fiction (The Dread Space Pirate Richard, a sci-fi comedy adventure faerie tale for adults) I was also encouraged to learn that this was another case of an "overnight success" that was years in the making. In an interview with Weir he said that before he started posting his orig blog serialization of The Martian, he already had been writing publically for 10 years and had built up a fanbase of about 1500 subscribers or regular visitors to his blog. So, he had had a big channel of eyeballs ready to go on day one. Even then the serialization didn't explode over night, was a slow grow thing. But a good case can be made that he might never have reached the necessary critical mass of attention for The Martian if he didn't start with that built-in fan channel. Or, it probably would have taken much longer.

Note to self: "I have N years to go. I have N years to go..."
It should also be considered in the context of its time. CPU clocks finally ran at hundreds of megahertz. Primitive GPUs made their way down to consumer hardware. There was literally a new dimension of computer interaction to explore. We were VR crazy in the mid-to late 90s.

Aside from games, researchers were exploring all sorts of uses for this new tech. Consider this a "low brow" version of the 3D IRIX file browser that appeared in Jurassic Park, and you didn't need a professional workstation to run it.
There are a ridiculous number of new things - including the entire design itself that I believe it deserves more than a Foo 1.3.1 update. Appreciate your comment.
Yet toddlers and grandmothers are still getting enhanced screenings.. Behavioral and intelligence-based screening is far more effective than random screening. And enhanced screenings didn't stop the shoe bomber or the underwear bomber. Had they simply ran the underwear bomber's name through, they would have found that his father reported his risk to the U.S. embassy. They have advance notice of every passenger. Why not use that as a means to determine enhanced screening priority? The 9-11 guys were in expired visas-- even a basic check at the airport would have caught that.

The point is that the government is so worried about offending certain people that they instead subject everyone through theoretically similar treatment, thus reducing the odds of actually catching bad guys.

The only time El Al was hijacked was back in 1968, despite being the flag carrier for one of the most threat-filled countries in the world.

They certainly don't employ the Keystone Cops of the TSA and follow some politically correct screening criteria.

You also never hear of El Al screeners stealing iPads from passenger bags or wheelchair bound old ladies getting strip searched.
indent(1) is not idempotent, at least not in the configuration I tested, which makes it practically useless as an editor save hook or an SCM pre-commit hook.

Of all the C pretty-printers I tried (about a year ago), clang-format came closest but none were idempotent on the codebase I threw at it.

go fmt is idempotent, which means I use it in an editor save hook. I got used to the convenience, so now I miss an automatic formatter when writing other languages.
JQuery-lite – All the benefits of jQuery, without the bloat
Here are some resources on Leon, including github link,
videos of talks, and more papers:
http://lara.epfl.ch/w/leon
Tech Trends 2015 – frog
Show HN: boot2docker.me points to boot2docker's default ip address
in the spirit of lvh.me, boot2docker.me and all subdomains point to 192.168.59.103, which is the default ip address when you're using boot2docker on a mac.

given you mapped some ports to your boot2docker host and needed to access it with different subdomains (e.g. for multitenancy stuff) you can use whatever.boot2docker.me etc. to reach it, no more /etc/hosts!

let me know what you think or if this is a bad idea.
also without the functionality. really cool!
If you only hide the stuff you don't care about, then you are poisoning their data with nonsense to a lesser extent.
A recommendation: if you like The Martian, you'll probably like the movie The Europa Report.
Or he already had spyware on his machine that was altering his search results.
GitHub's pages targeted by porn industry DMCA request to Google
I wonder how hard it would be to do this in ocean algae and phytoplankton and it that could fight global warming.
Well, do you want to challenge yourself technically or are you more interested in making money? I think that the approach would be different in both cases (and following the money you may still feel unfulfilled intellectually).

For me, I wasn't sure if I still wanted to program, so I went back to the things that got me excited when I started (math models of perception) and I fell in love with it all over again. Now my dilemma is turning that back around and actually working on what I'm most passionate about in a full-time setting. In the meantime, hobbying it is better than not doing it at all
Well, if enough of their funds are in bitcoin they don't really need an audit, they could just sign a proof of solvency: https://iwilcox.me.uk/2014/proving-bitcoin-reserves.
Andy Weir gave a fun talk at Google about his experiences writing the book/some of the software he used to help him in his planning. You can find it here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gMfuLtjgzA8
Sort of. Yes, I do research at a university-equivalent (a nonprofit academic research institution).

Someone else's grant funds my paycheck, but in practice, staff scientist is often a position which is intermediate in freedom between postdocs (who virtually always pursue someone else's research goals) and faculty (who, in theory, always pursue their own, once they're done writing grants and doing paperwork). So, I work "under" no one, but I do have someone who expects me to spend roughly 30% of my time on their research goals, and people would refer to me as a member of the X lab (where Dr. X is the faculty member paying my salary).

Staff scientist typically connotes a relatively senior, but non-tenure track position. So, someone who either did not want, or could not cut it in, the cutthroat world of tenure-track positions. The hours often are lighter than for professors. It is typically filled by someone in their late 30s or early 40s and who has done a postdoc.

In my case, and at my institution, it is different. I got this position because I and the person hiring me felt I deserved better salary, benefits, and prestige than a postdoc, whose salaries are fairly rigidly set by the NIH in the mid 40Ks. I can still become a professor later (the main way to do that would be to successfully write some grants). So overall, for me, this position is a step up from the likely alternative of postdoc, but for someone in their 40s whose competing alternative is faculty member, it would not be nearly so appealing.

A related position, slightly higher up the food chain but more definitively non tenure-track, is that of "core director". That means you run a "core" (a facility that all the researchers at an institution can use for a particular kind of experiment or analysis). A bioinformatics "core director" would then take datasets from researchers who come to them and perform analyses on them, and by playing their cards right, would get lots and lots of coauthorships.
Why we need to raise Logic’s price
It also must have helped putting the Kindle edition on sale for 99 cents around last April. I saw it recommended here on HN, went to look and yeah, 99 cents? No-brainer! And it lived up to all the recommendations too.
Thanks for the feedback! We changed it.
I am also curious if anyone has had any luck with Assembly. Their ToS are particularly off-putting.
Sabotage the System: Encryption as Surveillance State Monkey Wrench
Or don't bother with this and generate random tokens, which should cover about 99 percent of cases where a clueless developer would run into the problems here. Leave the cryptography to those that actually know they need cryptography.
While the headline is accurate, the reality is much more interesting. The first stage did return, it made it back to the landing barge (a pretty small target) and failed to land on the barge.

So from a debugging standpoint, interesting questions are what was the closing speed with the barge (how hard did it "land")? This is interesting because if nothing else one could consider an alternate landing structure of a net or other support structure where the final energy exchange is handled by an arrestor net of some sort.

What did telemetry say about what altitude the rocket thought it was at vs the barge? This is the one I would be most interested in if I were at SpaceX, 'sea level' is not nearly as precise as one might expect, there are tides, there are ocean swells, etc. So the actual distance to the barge has to be trimmed by radar. If the stage thought it was higher than it was, it might not have switched to terminal guidance mode yet. If it had switched, how quickly can it get into 'hover' from the switchover. And finally once in hover how many seconds of fuel does it have to close the final gap?

I thought this was an excellent first shot at landing, and I may be overly optimistic here but it seems like many more things "worked" here than didn't work. That bodes well for the eventual success.
Sure there are people who want a cure to be found. The problem (and not just for ear-related diseases): When you're a VP of Research and you are allotting the research budget or acquisition budget, do you go with prospect of a single pill cure or the lifelong treatment? The ROI on those two cases are likely very different.
> In addition, it should operate along two streams: everything should have an execute and a verify stream running simultaneously.

What would a "verify stream" do ... input validation, regression testing, anomaly detection, ..? Would it be verifying code or data or endpoint identity?
I read a few months ago about stem cells being used somehow to regrow cochlear hairs in adults with tinnitus. Here's hoping that permanent cure becomes a reality before the subscription-based model does.

http://hearinghealthfoundation.org/cure_for_tinnitus
Note that the book is no longer $0.99, as stated in the article. It's currently $8.39 (vs $9.00 for the paperback). I always get disappointed to see such a small difference in price between Kindle and paperback.
I'm not a lawyer, but I'd say it would hinge on how much the NYPD publicly releases about how they're used in investigations. I expect that if they're used in criminal or FISA Court suits, evidence will be obfuscated, classified or omitted.

In Kyllo's case, a person's home has a much better expectation of privacy from invasive surveillance than one's person and property in public. If it becomes public that people's homes are being searched without warrants, then I'd assume that they'd rightly be challenged.

It would be interesting and probably frightening to see how invasive surveillance of a person and property, in what might be considered 'public' space, would be challenged in court.
Intel refusal to license thunderbolt external GPU is infuriating, and the sole rationalization I can see is that they are blocking it to protect premium price on their high end integrated GPUs. It really feels like a big let down.

(edit: bit->big)
Anonymous Shutting Down Jihadi Websites for OpCharlieHebdo
My business is formed of once side projects that gained traction and I doubled down on. My "in hindsight" advice is to choose whether a project is to be optimized mainly for fun, learning or money ahead of time - each radically changes how you (should) begin.

The first two are kinda easy, but if it's "money", work from the money back to the idea rather than figuring out how to make money from a certain idea. Who's spending money, where, and on what? What sort of people do you have exposure to (on Twitter, HN, wherever)? How could you improve on something people already spend money on? Etc.
Calling it a blog is a bit of a stretch. But because it's so simple, it's worth checking out: http://www.galactanet.com/writing.html

Note to self: Think about _that_ the next time you're obsessing about how cool your author site needs to be before you publish anything :-)
The idea that distributed apps are "no maintenance" or require less overhead than centralized apps is the big lie that will always make such proposals fall apart. If there is a reluctance or genuine opposition to cloud services maybe you should ask why and consider the fact that they might know more than you do about the reasoning (we don't use it because Dropbox internal security is shit) and that there is no decentralized service that is less expensive to develop or maintain than an equivalent centralized service.
> I myself spend far more time at K5 than I do at HN.

The first article on the site appears to be a personal attack on you. Is this a community in-joke?
Would there be any room for cooperation with camlistore?
I left Android for iOS and instantly regretted it
Pricing and past ratings (including our unique hourly value ratings). Professionals can start off offering their time blocks for lower prices (or tell people familiar with your work of your available time blocks) but as they get known they should have greater pricing power.
My point wasn't about effects being so small they're imperceptible - it was that human perception is notoriously subjective (particularly in the audiophile world where people tend to want to hear differences even if they don't exist), and an AP analyzer (or similar) would provide a much more rigorous way of identifying if an effect was present.

As far as perceptibility is concerned, ABX testing is a better method for that, and it really doesn't appear the individuals in this article conducted their listening tests via that method.
We've changed it to now open it up to all high-end U.S. professionals.
It was a published study. In academia, that is the goal, and the goal was met.

Do you really mean to ask why didn't the study authors monetize this? If so, you are looking at academia through startup-tinted lenses.
It is (obviously not in the sense that I meant, but still a valid point)
What colleges teach and what they should teach may not be the same. So it's hard to say "if A caused X, we should expect to see X." You can't just assume colleges teach things that are socially valuable because I said they are supposed to.
Anonymous declares 'war' on jihadists in retaliation for Paris massacre
Would you consider Skype (in the original supernode topology) to be a centralized or decentralized service?
I wonder if AtE with MD5 with secret prefix as MAC can be exploited, as in say SSLv2.
Often when designers specify something, say... I dont know, screen size, there is programming that needs to be done to meet those needs.
Interesting.

My dad had severe Magnesium deficiency, after a genetic thyroid problem. The deficiency only got diagnosed because the doctor noticed the cramps. But for almost 2 weeks before the correct diagnosis, he developed a persistent vertigo that left him sick on the bed, could eat nothing, and drugs did nothing to improve.

Now, I know our bodies have a delicate Ca/Mg osmotic balance. I wonder if his vertigo was due to the same thing, minerals loose in the inner ear?

Might get you and your parent's thyroid hormone levels tested too (it's a simple blood test), it fixed my dad's vertigo for good.
this idea was in my mind two month ago , I really need this for my cuda development.
Ask HN: What were the best fun books you read in 2014?
I just finished Red Rising, which I really enjoyed. And I see a post on the front page about The Martian, which was also good.

So what books did you read over the last year that you would recommend to fellow HN'ers?
There's no point in the ROS community bottling ROS packages for Mac-based robotics work until it's possible to install them without a long dependency-resolution step. That's the usability issue.
Wow the cast & production for crew for this is insane. Same director & cinematographer from Prometheus too, at the very least it's going to be a pretty movie
Don't forget standards-compliant.
How to Setup Your Wordpress Blog and Write Your First Post in 5 Minutes
I don't think you should call it a pivot when you are effectively starting over. Pivot literally means one foot planted and moving the other to a new spot.
Since recently you can also get notebooks that have already built-in support for external GPUs: new Alienware line with "Graphics Amplifier" (Alienware 13, 15, 17) and MSI GS30 Shadow with "GamingDock":

http://www.alienware.com/landings/laptops.aspx

http://www.msi.com/product/nb/GS30-2M-Shadow.html

Both use proprietary connectors based on PCI-Express.
So, is there a good machine readable list of porn movie names, to use as a material for random-repo-name-generator? :)
The Platform Comes Before the Chip in Intel’s War for the Connected Universe
Ntopng: High-Speed Web-based Traffic Analysis and Flow Collection
> The publisher said, well, the setting that you’ve made for this is really cool, but the story that you came up with to take place in the setting is just not that interesting. So they rejected it! So getting your book on The New York Times’ best-seller list doesn’t mean you get a rubber stamp on your next book!

Publishers fucking suck. Why is he stuck with a publisher when he has a sucessful self-published book already?
Ferraris are not just 'fooling around' it's just a status symbol for people with more money than brains.
Amy Webb - How I Hacked Online Dating: https://www.ted.com/talks/amy_webb_how_i_hacked_online_datin...
Hi, just download that app, followed the link to download PC version. Chrome alerted, that file is infected, here is online check from DrWeb:
Terafyle.exe packed by FLY-CODE
>Terafyle.exe probably infected with Trojan.Inject
>Terafyle.exe packed by BINARYRES
>>Terafyle.exe - archive BINARYRES
>>>Terafyle.exe/data001 - Ok
>>>Terafyle.exe/data002 - Ok
How can you right this kind of article and completely ignore some of the best technology in the space that solves many of the problem mentioned ?I.E Bitshares 10 seconds block, 10000 transaction per second and more, Ripple 5 seconds block.
Thanks!

One of the things I find useful for avoiding overconfidence in proof results, beyond making sure to test the proof on multiple broken versions, is to spell out many additional implications of the function that I and/or the caller might expect of it and ask for proofs on them too, even if they seem somewhat redundant.

For example, cout = 2ab + cin; I would also prove that for all a,b,cin that cout >= cin; for a or b ==0 that cout == cin, etc.
Portable Pigeonholes by Lawton Mackall (1922)