skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
seems likely, at this point
1.7 kg, I think:

TABLE I
Mass breakdown of Rosetta Lander, including sub-units on the
Orbiter.

Unit Mass (kg)

Thermal Control System 3.9
...MLI ...2.7
("multi-layer insulation")

Power System 12.2
...Electronics ...2.0
...Batteries ...8.5
...Solar Generator ...1.7 *****

Sum [Lander] 97.9

Sum [incl. Orbiter units] 111.0

Excerpt from table 1, page 208 of

[paywall] http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11214-006-9138-2

[PDF mirror] http://www.researchgate.net/publication/257664668_The_Rosett...
I think Lincoln, NE is far more hipster than Des Moines.
Here is an article that breaks down a baking steel vs a baking stone. The steel comes out on top, mostly due to the thermal properties of steel:
http://slice.seriouseats.com/archives/2012/09/the-pizza-lab-...
Things i learned at a growth stage startup in the last 3 years
This article is targeting people who want to do a really serious job of creating that non-stick layer - and good for them. But I would forgive you if you were too lazy to follow their instructions (I probably am).

But a rudimentary seasoning is really easy:

Wipe some oil over the pan. Use as [high temp oil] as possible, but whatever you have will work. Wipe off any access with a paper towel. Put it in your oven at 230(C)/450(F) for at least 30 minutes. (careful it will smoke a bit).

I couldn't recommend using it at all without some base layer of seasoning. It's really easy to do and lasts quite a while, even if you don't follow the articles really thorough methodology.

source: me - frying with cast-irons twice a day for 10 years

[high temp oil] aka those with the highest "smoke point"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooking_oil#Types_of_oils_and_t...
This reminds me a bit of when Sarah Palin derided worm research (C elegans), ignorant of the fact that such research was the backbone of genetics and neurobiology research.
Show HN: MirrorDraw – A small project to draw on a canvas
I read somewhere that the odds they places on getting the thing to stick the landing at all was between 50 and 75%. We put a lander on a comet, I'd be celebrating the upside too if I was them.
Is that actually how a pizza stone works?

Doesn't it just provide a very hot surface that boils off any local moisture? That's would happen with a cast iron skillet.

It would explain why cast iron pans or glazed earthenware is used for baking no-knead bread.
I'm sure they figured this out and decided against it, but I never understood why they often only send 1 device on missions like these. I understand launching things is very expensive, but you'd figure the R&D and risk associated with failure would cost much more.
I once found a cast iron skillet on the back of a hillside and cleaned it up. Honestly the hardest part was getting the rust off. After that, it's worked like a champ. BTW, the article links to a prior entry about rust removal that was way easier than what I did.
Much of the point of the article is that smoke point is a less useful guide than the composition of the oil.

If you don't want to use flax seed oil, just use canola oil.
What do you think will happento the favelas in the next 5-10 years? And is it desirable?
I wasn't sure if this would have been better as an Ask HN.

This was a small project to learn to use canvas and Ruby on Rails better. It isn't an ongoing project but I would like to keep learning and get feedback on what I can improve on. Especially where I am doing something wrong in the javascript or completely against how I should be using RoR.

Source:
https://github.com/Rhebel/MirrorDrawing

edit:
I have a huge question for anybody who knows a solution. I don't know how to search for this properly. In the console you can adjust the line width manually;
MD.PX = 20

Draw something after doing that and things are strange. I think it's because the line doesn't know which direction it should go between points so it seems to be pretty random. I had an idea that adding points would help but I don't know and I'd love to figure that out.
Agree 100%, and also the Silicon <Tag> theme is getting tired.

At least here in London they're now calling the Old Street tech hub 'Tech City' instead of 'Silicon Roundabout'.
https://www.reddit.com/r/castiron is a good resource for anyone interested in cast iron.
The best part, is that the tax breaks will cut the schools budgets so Tesla will make a donation. What about cutting the army budget and making the army dependent on donations?

There is some kind of beginning of last century feeling in all that, capitalism crushing lives by the millions without restraint.
a lot of people get contact lenses and lasik to get rid of glasses.

the only really accepted form of glasses is sunglasses, because hiding your eyes is a nice feeling. people can't read you. our brain aims for the eyes to read emotion.

genius idea to pick that spot of the body to interfere with tech.
Why More Women-Run Businesses Aren't Making Millions
Can somebody recommend a book that covers recent techniques implemented in LLVM?
So bizarre to read about my hometown like this. My friends and I growing up there in the '80s used to call it "Dead Minds Iowa". I've noticed some moving back, but for the most part a huge portion of my generation left Des Moines as soon as we could.
The world is already pretty multi-core.

I was recently spec'ing out a high-end system for simulation work. You can now get Intel Xeons with up to 14 cores now, and soon 18.

Talking about 36 high-end cores (dual-socket system) used to be the realm of Sun E10Ks and other very expensive systems. This is amazing to me.
Some people say that pie charts are bad ;)
https://www.stevefenton.co.uk/Content/Pie-Charts-Are-Bad/
F-Electric ultra-conductive 3D Printing Filament
I heard through the trees that they are going full suppository.
Thanks. Happy you liked it. :-)
Use bitcoin, pay for the bitcoins with cash. Or buy a VPN and use a giftcard to pay for it. When connecting to the VPN, use a public WiFi or a WiFi without a password, use a long range antenna so your very far away.
My wife's grandmother recently gave her a cast iron skillet that was allegedly owned by her grandmother! Awesome cookware :)
I think Minneapolis should be on that list. I don't live there anymore, having moved to the SFBA.

I don't live in an urban area, but if I did I think it would be MPLS.
I recently got a pan like this: http://www.kohls.com/product/prd-1305988/country-cabin-10-in... which turned out to be super-coarse. I ended up polishing it with an angle grinder and fine sandpaper, then seasoning the resulting smooth surface.

I haven't seen more high end antique pans first hand, but my understanding is that they were factory-polished, and that this step is somewhat costly.
Data points? The poster justsee actually complains about the FAQ page which didn't even have to be precise in the first place and doesn't have to be now. It's a web site directed to the uninformed public. Honestly, who do you expect to use the FAQ page for anything serious?

Among other questions on that page are

"Why is it so important to study comets?"

"What is the difference between asteroids and comets?"

You don't bother public with engineering stuff like "we have 1000 Wh power budget from the primary batteries, which will last depending on what happens when, and the different devices have different energy needs and we aren't actually sure what can happen but we prepare for as much as possible with the hope of at least something giving us some good results." They just switch off. We at least know where justsee switched off in being interested in the details: the expression "during a week" he understood as somebody promised him "exactly at least a week of entertaining news from the lander."
>I don't want anyone to think I'm using it.

Moot now if you're not using it, but you know, even if your tape was as big as a golf ball, as a passerby I'm not going to know or think that your camera is covered, because I avoid looking anywhere near the things. And for all I know it could be a hardware hacked version with the camera hole elsewhere. So your goal was not being achieved. And it still might be recording audio. If you're wearing it, I have to take your word for it. If you're not, I don't.
> It shows members of congress arguing how "discovering the origins of the universe" should not be a priority.

If that sentence ended with "for government", then I agree with those members of congress.

If that sentence ended with "for humanity", then I disagree. It's time to accept that in the modern internet connected world people can pool their abilities and resources with others anywhere on the planet for common goals all without the government.
The article is good, but I was bothered by the post title. In this case, "science-based" seems to mean that the author merely presented her claims with a logical argument.

An example from the article:

But it’s not a good idea to use a spray oil, no matter what oil it’s made with, because of its additives. You’re doing chemistry here. If you want good results, use pure ingredients.

It's a compelling argument, but it's not science-based. Where is the evidence that additives affect the seasoning or polymerization? It could very well be that additives have no effect, or more likely that it depends on the type of additive. If this was the only example, that would be fine, but the blog post is full of examples like this. There is no citation of any scientific source anywhere in the article!

If you are writing articles than claim to be science-based, you really should link or cite actual scientific literature. (Or run your own experiments!)
Topo – A library to create in-process topologies of goroutines
Take a look at http://createyourproglang.com/ - it's very good for making language creation seem less magical. Well worth the price. It's not a replacement for a "proper" discussion of PLT and compiler design and such, but it's nice as the first step.
I agree, I think a lot there are a lot of really interesting places in the US that are interesting because of their own character, and not the potential to become the "next" SV or Brooklyn or whatever. I'd like to see more discovery and celebration of the rich culture that most American towns have.

It seems like it's already started a bit (see urban revival happening in some of the rust belt cities), but I think there's even more untapped value in a lot of our cities.
This. The older I get, the more I care about purchasing or preferrably re-using proper durable tools of all kinds. Cast iron cookware is one of those. Another thing I love: the scythe. Belonged to my grandmother's father and because of genes I happen to have his posture making the scythe a pretty good fit for me. This handmade tool, now being close to hundred years old but with a new blade outperforms any motorized tool I've tried for mowing our grass. Cuts faster, less tiring, non-polluting, doesn't throw grass or rocks in your face and so on.
Look, this happens for every facet of government spending and both parties know exactly how to phrase their soundbite to make it worse. Anyone taking government funding for any project better be ready to deal with an out of context soundbite in a professional and calm manner. It is the nature of the beast. You are using someone else's money for something and the someone else gets a bit peeved that s/he had to give up the money in the first place.

The common refrain that Republicans don't understand science or Democrats don't understand business is not true and not your friend. JackFr's comment https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=8611038 points out some of the good lines that contradict the tried and true arguments.

The proper way to deal with these type of things is learn that you are taking money, its not your right, and show how you are actually being innovative and saving the taxpayers money or show what family members you are saving with your activity.

I've seen enough people doing amazing work on the taxpayers dime that really saved the taxpayers money in the long run (early childhood screenings for example) that knew how to properly phrase their work to make both parties their champion.

tldr: you take the taxpayer's money then be ready to do PR
I'm not sure how you use a random number generator to randomly generate values that generate knowledge about previous uses. Those missiles aren't picking their targets randomly, they know where the other missiles are going and where they have to go. No missile is going to hit the same target, with a random number generator they would.
Damn straight. The top commenter treats the public FAQs of some kind of post-mortem report.
It's great to see people are starting to realize that there are opportunities inland in America, especially if you are bootstrapping and want some extra breathing room cost wise.

I spent most of my time in America in NYC and SF (originally from Canada), but recently moved out to Dallas for much of the same reasons. Had started a company so I wasn't tied to SF for work anymore and the cost of living in Dallas where housing was 10x cheaper tempted me to take a risk and come out here, and I have no regrets. More space, lots of things to do tech wise and arts and culture wise, especially if you seek it out and are intentional about it.
I've followed the instructions here. They work, but they're kind of a pain to complete. Just buy enameled cast iron and be done with it.
It's criminal that bad guys get the luxury of learning while innocent children around a majority of school districts don't. We also spend 5-6X more annually housing inmates. Really strange decisions.
One of my takeaways was that you have to be somewhat pathological to be able to make wagers of that size during negotiations.
Check out this one: http://ecx.images-amazon.com/images/I/61wk1jiBkRL._SX258_BO1...
that it wasn't a significant factor, at least
The mention of steroids seems spot on. I'd imagine using the Oculus for long time spans and/or demanding tasks would have so many side effects, like severe eye-strain, lack of resolution of the environment, lack of reactivity to external inputs, and so much more.
A friend of mine just moved to Minneapolis from the DC area. Incidentally, we were talking about this just yesterday and he told me he was surprised at how good the public spaces are there: lots of nice parks, walking/biking paths, urban infrastructure, bookstores, cafes, libraries, &c.

Downside is the winter, but I guess that's what Thinsulate was invented for.
Why do I need to have to have a keyboard? I'd rather use voice recognition and gestures. Why do people always just want a faster horse?
You could ask that of any basic scientific discovery in the history of humanity, with the answer of "eventually".
Previously the only hankering I got from reading HN was to acquire some technical book. Now I'm nearly shopping for cookware after reading these posts on best cookware.
>where the X and Y are either slight italics or underlined or colored to indicate they mean X and Y the variable not X and Y the letters

So what happens if you open the file in a different editor?
Space exploration was always very dependent on politics.

As Neil deGrasse Tyson says, NASA was founded on the fear factor of USSR's Sputnik which was launched using the intercontinental ballistic missile technology.

BTW: According to the comments here, the solar power generation on Philae weights at least 20 times less than the nuclear generator would.
No, SSL/TLS is not expensive. I've been running a moderalty high traffic website in EC2 for a few weeks. It is peaking at ~250k requests per minute per c3.8xlarge instance using only 40% CPU. 100% of the traffic is over SSL/TLS and the response size is less than 100 bytes, so most of the overhead is in handshaking (which is much more expensive than just sending data). With a larger response size, the CPU utilization would be even lower.
I've been thinking of writing a script that checks something in every day so my streak never ends.

I dislike it thought that github does not count wiki edits, although few things are more valuable to the success of software other than spending a few man weeks writing documentation.
Unfortunately Google has already tainted the entire category of eye wearables. It will be very hard to establish acceptance because even if you use a device without a camera, people will think it does have a camera.
>Nice to see this neat-but-underappreciated architecture in the news.

It's already appreciated.
Let me recall here the 'scientist' character (A&B Srugatsky) who explains the World as a huge inertial mass to the good or evil in the same.

Tertium non datur it is a principle of our mind sometimes used in computers.
Yes, I'd send my keystrokes to Google if I could do this. Sure, this won't work for everyone but it will for most. Let's optimize the problem for the 80% and continue working on the other solution.
It seems highly unlikely that any scientists would make subpar choices that may compromise a long-term project on the off chance that it might cause some political discomfort. The latter isn't even particularly likely since there is a large difference between nuclear power as an energy source on Earth and nuclear technology for scientific use in space. In addition most of the public doesn't even know or is interested in the technical details of a mission like this. Therefore it is extremely unlikely that using RTG technology would have caused any kind of political problems which makes avoiding said technology on political grounds simply nonsensical when it has the potential to compromise the overall mission.
Simple! Just heat, oil, reheat, and cool your pan six times in a row. For eighteen hours. And don't mess up or you'll have to start over.
Introducing unknown variables (additives) when you don't need to doesn't make sense if you're treating this as lab experiment. Why complicate the process for no reason?
Tl;dr version:

Everyone offended with everything and everyone reading about what they should be offended about in a media outlet using one liners suggesting that they should be remembered for a clothing choice rather a scientific achievement all so that in future some groups can maintain moral superiority via public humiliation for their own agendas.

Edit: Oh diddums I upset the PC squad.

Edit 2: Oh the maturity. Some of my other posts have been downvoted at the same time.
Try watching this video (it's not too long, roughly 8 minutes)...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ziHCvpikLh8

What do you think about it?

To me, yes, the storyline is dramatised, but the core concept is real. One of the key problems of technology like Glass is that it creates another barrier in direct human interactions. That is why, personally, I'd prefer for it to be limited in use rather than ubiquitous.
Fair enough. I don't know nearly enough about Europe or the ESA to volunteer an over/under on that.
I think "Show HN" was the right decision. If it was "Ask HN" I would
have not looked at it. It's also nice to see you made the source code
available too. I haven't looked at the code yet, but it's good to know
its out there.

I tested the app with an older version of chrome (24) and it worked
well. Drawing and downloading was successful, although my supposed
"artistic" skills are more than a bit embarrassing. I saw no errors when
opening the downloaded file in gimp. I liked how you used a transparent
background in the image --this violated the principle-of-least surprise
due to the white background of the website, but at least for me it was a
pleasant surprise.

Lastly, two possible suggested improvements, well three actually. (1)
Allow background color to be set on resulting image (i.e. no surprises).
(2) Enable sharing the image as a link of some sort, or via social
media, or something like that. (3) Auto-detect viewport size and size
the new image/canvas accordingly.
So essentially the Brazilian Intelligence Agency is creating their own network so they can spy on their citizens and foreigners using their internet. I wonder if they'll be selling and trading data from it to other countries.
New Wearable Tech for the Battlefield
The cost of inspiration
Interesting. Just today I [read][1] some discussion about on which platforms and under which circumstances Rust should use jemalloc instead of libc's malloc.

[1]: http://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/blog/2014/11/14/allo...
To someone who knows what a function is, and what mutual recursion is, but does not know what a fixed-point is or what a combinator is, certainly the former is more understandable and the latter sounds more like jargon. That's a pretty specific position in knowledge-space to be targeting, but it seems likely the one the parent occupies.

A more important point is that "fixed-point combinator" tells you what the function does - it takes a function (a combinator is a function that operates on a function) and returns its fixed point; a "pair of mutually recursive functions" could do anything, and so conveys less information.
Linear algebra - I wouldn't say so. Vectorization - yes, to a certain extent; whenever you'd have a loop, you have to remind your self that it's implicit - and that forces you to think about the collection as a whole instead of a single element of the collection. Sometimes there is apparently no collection to begin with. That, in turn, makes you think why - is it actually correct, do you have a good design?

In J it's much more natural to load a whole dataset into memory and then work with it as a whole. To make it easier, you're strongly nudged to design your data structure simply and uniformly. Thinking about clarity of data structures has many advantages - e.g., clearly seeing the algorithm as a whole, being able to pinpoint (and question) exceptions, optimize on the high(est) level...

That doesn't mean J can't do sequential processing - but if you choose that, you want to understand why: is it the nature of the problem or is it a (questionable) implementation detail?

Some start learning J by using it as a calculator. Indeed, what could be easier in the beginning - typing 2 + 2 <Enter> produces expected result, same for 3 * 4 and 5 - 1, then you have built-in exponent (^3 produces 20.0855), logarithm (^. 20.0855 - kinda easy to remember, an inverse function), factorial (!6 makes 720)... Gradually it becomes less conventional - order of operations is always right-to-left (as in sqrt(sqrt(sqrt 2))) - that would be %: %: %: 2), negative numbers look like _1, _2, _3, sine and cosine are in the family of o. functions - 1 o. 1.5 gives 0.997495, 2 o. is 0.0707372 - and you're also allowed something like 5 + 1 2 3 which returns 6 7 8. A few more iterations - and you can use moderately complex expressions with infix notation, typing quite economically. Then vectorization gradually grows in more complex expressions...
It always was, officially. It's just that everyone else ignored that and called it "Silicon Roundabout" regardless.
I followed the instructions in this post several years ago, and I can confirm that it produces an excellent finish. One of our pans has taken a bit of abuse recently, however, and has started to rust. I can't say I'm excited about having to do this again...

Still, you can't beat cast iron for durability and ease of cleaning.
Writing chinese characters on it is an interesting experience...
The library handles a lot of what is covered on this golang blog post: http://blog.golang.org/pipelines.
For the second one you can write this:

public int Y => 5;
Modern pans are cast in sand because it's cheap. The manufacturing method changed about 60 years ago from a more precise mould (that happened to cost more, but gave a smoother finish).