skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Here's how I relax, avoid both frequentism and bayesianism, and just love probability:

I assume that there is a non-empty set, commonly called Omega, which I regard as the set of all experimental 'trials' that I might observe. But, actually, in all the history of everything in the universe, we see only one trial, only one element of this set Omega.

Next, there is a non-empty collection, usually denoted by script F, of subsets of Omega. I assume that set script F is contains Omega as an element and is closed under relative complements and countable unions. By relative complements, suppose A is an element of script F. Then the relative complement of set A, maybe written A^c, is essentially set Omega - A, that is, the set of all trials in Omega and not in A. Then set script F is a sigma-algebra. Each set A in script F is an event. If our trial is in set A, then we say that event A has occurred.

Next there is a function P: script F --> [0, 1]. P assigns 0 to the empty set (event) and is countably additive. Then function P is a probability measure. So for each event A in script F, P(A) is a number in [0, 1] and is the probability of event A.

Now can define what is means for two events to be independent and can generalize to two sigma algebras being independent.

Next, on the set R of real numbers, I consider the usual topology, that is, the collection T of open subsets of R. Then I let set B, the Borel sets, be the smallest sigma algebra such that T is a subset of B.

Next I consider a function X: Omega --> R such that for each Borel set A, X^{-1}(A) is an element of script F. Then X is a random variable.

Essentially anything that can have a numerical value we
can regard as a random variable.

Then we can state and prove the classic limit theorems -- central limit theorem, weak and strong laws of large numbers, martingale convergence theorem, law of the iterated logarithm, etc.

Now we are ready to do applied probability and statistics. And we have never mentioned either frequentism or Bayesianism.

For more details, in an elegant presentation, see J. Neveu,
Mathematical Foundations of the Calculus of Probability.
I find that the ability to trivially make the equivalent of Rails "helper" functions as auxiliary methods on the Component class actually tends to encourage separation of logic - it's the same file so there's no context switch needed. On top of that, since JSX makes ternary statements look much more elegant than bracketed if statements (whose conditions can be a great hiding place for complex logic) it further encourages breaking your logic out into auxiliary functions.
So, I wonder if Microsoft wins this appeal, how practical would it be to stripe encrypted data across data centers in 2+ countries. The idea being that to obtain the data stored, would require legal authorization in each country?
TFIDF Text Search in Postgres
> And, the debate devolved into how there are too many minorities in the US and because of that, no one in any position of power wanted to allow everyone universal access because minorities (which I assumed to be Blacks, Mexicans, Asians, etc.) would need too many handouts to get the same speed, which no one would want to pay for.

If anything it's probably the other way around. It will be a long time before it's cost effective to run fiber to every farm and and shack in the woods in America. But if you let the telcos decide who to serve then you end up with $50/month for gigabit fiber in rich and middle class neighborhoods and $20/month for some tin can on a string in poor neighborhoods, where "poor neighborhoods" include most of the predominantly racial minority neighborhoods, which makes it a political quagmire.

So the telcos end up saddled with build out requirements which means no gigabit fiber for anybody. Which is really quite unfortunate because the justification doesn't require the remedy. Most of the urban poor neighborhoods might not be profitable but they're at least close to break even. The problem is the universal service requirements passed to make sure they get served also require providing service to sparsely populated areas that are a pure money pit.
I'm not sure that the EU has the stomach or organization capability for a land war. In last year's NATO maneuvers only 6-7000 trops were involved, whereas Russia's exercises a few months earlier with Belarus seemingly involved tens of thousands - up to 70,000 by one sober-seeming estimate: http://www.jamestown.org/regions/europe/single/?tx_ttnews%5B...

Viewed in this light, the Ukraine cris becomes more and more worrisome. The US is deeply politically divided; not do most Republicans consider Obama a weak President, but there are large divisions within each party party about what the correct course of action is, which is (I think) one reason taht most of the Republican critique of Obama has been on matters of style rather than on substance. None of them want an American that looks weak, but there is nothing approaching a consensus about what action we should take instead - for every proponent of bombing ISIS or funnelling arms to Ukraine, there's someone else questioning what exact interests we have there.

This isn't so surprising; Europe's internal politics are badly fragmented (IMHO due to a failure to pursue full federalization over the last couple of decades following the introduction of the Euro) and Middle Eastern politics are in a weird flux that I don't know how to read at all. Paradoxically I think the US has greater common interests with Iran than it does with Saudi Arabia right now, the opposite of our nominal affiliations.
If you look at the first iron bridges in the world, you will see that they were all built the way wooden bridges were built -- expect using iron. The [Iron Bridge](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Iron_Bridge) is built with woodworking joints.

It took us a lot of years to master and discover new construction techniques.
This raises the question: if the judge's option ends up being held, would any non-US based company buy services from a US company?
I use jedi.el along with virtualenv-wrapper which does jump to definition perfectly fine ime. But keep an eye for open sourcegraph's mode[0], they are going incorporate python soon AFAIU.

[0]: https://srclib.org/plugins/emacs/
Show HN: Self destructing, encrypted messaging with file upload
Globalization. Everybody is 'invested' everywhere. If there's a war everybody looses. Politics (unless there's a crazy one and I don't think that's the case) will only play till some limits. Economics rule, not governments.
Yes, the fundamental difference is that we are wealthy. Wealthy enough to afford professional standing armies. This is a remarkable invention that gives leaders the tremendous power to wage war with hardly any personal involvement of it's citizens. War without a draft, without extra taxes, without rationing. Without widespread death, particular for the aggressor. I mean, look at the US in Iraq & Afghanistan!

War these days only costs a few thousand (American) lives. Just a few billion dollars.

Presidents have ridden war to political benefit for a long time. Presidents have extended the concept to "the war on drugs", and "the war on terror" and so on. Putin is taking this trend to it's logical conclusion: war is entertainment! Every good Russian will shout: the Russian team is going to win. In a few months or years, the Russian people will look at the territory that was once the Ukraine, the bodies freshly buried, and beam with pride: "We won!" they will say. Wealth has made the normal pushback (that stems from the unwillingness to die for no good reason) irrelevant, and political leaders know it.
that's the fee, but BTC prints money out of thin air every time a transaction is processed. If you compare transaction volume to payout volume, the effective transaction fee is on the order of 5% or $30, as explained in the original article... additionally, once BTC refuses to print any more coin, then the miners will start charging the money movers for their services, rather than charging the BTC network itself.
Show HN: EstiBot.com – Free Domain Appraisal and Domain Productivity Tools
Thanks for the writeup. I'm going to try it one of these days when I get a break from work/startup. I ordered a few books recently and have been tinkering with writing an OS....got as far as writing a bootloader and then switched gears into learning ASM.

I bought Peter Norton's Assembly Language Book for the IBM PC. This book is pretty awesome and so relevant even 25 years later!! It covers the basics really well and stops at 386 (the latest proc then) so I don't feel inundated with hundreds of CPU architectures. Yes, I'll eventually get to those.

The other two books (in case anyone else is interested):
X86 Assembly Language and C Fundamentals by Joseph Cavanagh.
Operating Systems Design and Implementation (3rd Edition).

Also, while tinkering with ASM I decided to install MSDOS since the ASM book uses Debug.exe and I couldn't seem to find it for newer OS's. While looking to download MSDOS, I discovered the source code for MSDOS 1.1 & 2.0 @ http://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/microsoft-research-lice....
>my hope is that the nuclear option is simply rhetoric

Forgive my ignorance, but this is the first I hear of Russia & nuclear? Sure lots of posturing on the border etc...but talk of the nuclear option is quite another matter.
I was trying to do something like this to make it a bit easier to use:

#!/bin/bash

X=$(cd $(dirname "$1") && pwd -P)/$(basename "$1")

curl -F "file=$X" http://curl.io/$2
Auto-prefixer might help...

https://www.npmjs.org/package/grunt-autoprefixer
This looks great!

You should also provide a copy to clipboard button.
Look at a film like 300, which is awash in gore. There's a big audience for that sort of thing, based on some sort of physical dunning -Kruger effect - the same sort you see among a small fringe of gun aficionados who spend their time fantasizing about the collapse of society and their imaginary subsequent dominance - such conversations tend to involve a great deal more consideration of optimum ammunition loadouts then discussion of triage strategies or injury management, despite the presumable non-availability of hospitals or medical supplies.
Veil of Ignorance
Yes, tit the default mode is through regexs, and most of the modes use it.

But I think the OP's point was you are not limited by it, besides semantic (which I haven't never bothered to setup, there is js2-mode[0] as examples of modes that don't use regexps to operate on the language. There is even js2-refactor[1] built on top of it. You can read about js2-mode origin story here[2], and you would see that lack of threads in elisp hindered its development.

[0]: https://github.com/mooz/js2-mode
[1]: https://github.com/magnars/js2-refactor.el
[2]: http://steve-yegge.blogspot.com/2008/03/js2-mode-new-javascr...
> I can understand the narrative: having government skim the good stuff is a bad deal for corporations since government can do things corporations can't (e.g., taxes, zoning, land use permits, seize land). Presumably, this discourages corporations from providing comprehensive services since they cannot subsidize poorly-performing areas with great performing areas.

The think I can't understand is why we should care. If the government is providing reliable gigabit fiber at a reasonable price, who cares if Comcast can't profitably offer service in the same geography? If the city is doing a good job then you don't need them. Meanwhile if the city does a poor job then Comcast will have no trouble providing better service and winning all the customers, right?
A Russian native speaker does not equal a Russian. About 2/3 of the population of Donetsk region identify themselves as ethnic Ukrainians. More than half of those name Russian as their native language.
Would you say that policemen and soldiers are slaves, too? In a sense, their job is to maintain and enforce civil rights for the rest of us.
Counterfactuals are always difficult, but in this case I am sure that the answer is somewhere between "no" and "after years of hard work". Certainly it wouldn't have happened overnight -- whereas with psychedelics it very literally did happen overnight. Even if the psychedelics were simply a shortcut, there was a lot of benefit in taking them: within a year of my trip I'd completed 15 credits worth of maths courses, and the rest of my education and career benefited accordingly. I'd been trying for years to overcome those anxiety issues organically and was still only a fraction of the way there, so the non-psychedelic path would not have yielded results in time to benefit me in university.
SAFT / sendfile – sendmail for files
Agreed. The web UI reacted almost instantly when I hit enter in the terminal.

I'd want an interface to destroy the file immediately then fallback to the 4 hour auto-delete.

Also some serious details about the author and security before I'd actually consider sending anything mission critical.
> As I said before, I don't find the FCC survey compelling, because it's not based on measured speeds like Ookla's or Akamai's data.

Again, Akamai and Ookla don't incorporate usable price information and use averages that distort the data. The weakness of the FCC data is mitigated by the fact that you can look at Ookla data to see that the region in question is getting advertised speeds, at least in aggregate.

> Why would we expect the U.S. to be competitive on that front?

The issue is whether the US has better broadband. Price is central to that question, regardless of what we should expect about it.

> The premise of your question is flawed. The urban centers are not the hub of life and wealth in the U.S. like they are in European countries. The word "urban" is a pejorative here.

It is in New York. But what is your point here? That the reason broadband is worse in US urban centers is because there isn't as much income in urban centers compared to those abroad? Or that broadband is going to be worse because the US population prefers suburban areas?

> It's really not useful to judge national telecom policy by comparing U.S. cities to a few European cities that have invested heavily in telecom infrastructure as a way to differentiate themselves.

Again, the question was whether broadband was better or worse in the US. (And Poland was merely an example I remembered. Romania is another. There are many more).

> Almost all of the wealth of the area lives in the suburbs outside the city, which are served very well by fiber service.

Except they pay drastically more than international counterparts.

I am a bit confused by your position, can you summarize it as concisely as possible? You started out by saying that US broadband is not worse than internationally. Then you seemed to implicitly concede that it was worse but only because of price/cost-of-labor/government-policy/distribution-of-population-and-income. Is it "yes, broadband is more expensive but at least the suburbs get fiber"?
Then saying your exact karma wasn't a great idea, was it.
Israel TV News – Israeli soldier wounded by rocket last week dies
EMP – Encrypted Messaging Protocol
>hot war [...] think it's a virtual certainty now, and only a question of scale.

I'm not so sure. I don't see a proper hot war happening between the major countries. Three reasons: 1) Everyone is too busy buying Ikea furniture and iPhones. 2) A proper hot war will end in MAD imo 3) The overall mentality has shifted among the 1st world population. Sure everyone is still patriotic but if you tell a German to go kill a Brit/Russian/American they'll think you're mad.
The inside story of Google’s secret quest to deliver products with drones
Between Godliness and Godlessness
whaaat.

does anyone else think this is slightly suspect and/or bogus?
If you are British enough you can be embarrassed for anyone. I find you embarrassing because your point of view ignores the fiduciary nature of a doctor-patient relationship. That relationship is both sacred and humbling, and the most amazing thing in my otherwise paperwork-laden clinical life. For patients to trust me enough to tell me everything is a duty to be met with respect.

Putting patients first is the part that seems "right." That's not a coincidence, it's the job.
> Re: 2, the question is why certain European cities have much faster internet than comparably dense U.S. cities. And I think the answer to that is the same as the answer to: why do certain European cities have much better public transit than comparably dense U.S. cities?

Public transit is typically state sector, telecom is often private sector.
Are you saying that the reason for superior broadband internationally is primarily because of government subsidies or nationalized telecom infrastructure?
You think companies are being picky when they want their data stored in a manner that doesn't break the law of the countries they are based in?

That's a VERY US centric view...
A possible interesting side-effect of really learning Asm is that you start discovering just how horrible compilers/high-level languages actually are at exploiting the full capabilities of the machine, despite "common wisdom" suggesting the opposite. I started with Asm, and when I eventually decided to learn C, I remember the first time I looked at the compiler output of a program I'd written, compiled with full optimisation, I was astounded. Unnecessary moves and other instructions, very poor register utilisation, and blindness to status flags were just some of the things that compiled programs regularly contained.

This was many years ago, but I still see the same today. I do RE so I've read a lot of compiler output, and I've seen some isolated instances where a compiler did something "clever" (Intel's is not bad at this), but it tends to be rare and it's easy to see the rest of the code still has that "compiler-generated" feel to it.

I said "really learning" above, because I think there's two ways that people are learning Asm: the first, which is probably more common, is that they only learn the ways in which compilers generate instructions. Those who learn the first way would likely not do any better job than a compiler if asked to write a program, and not see the inefficiency of compiler-generated code, so they wouldn't find any particular advantages to using Asm.

On the other hand, I believe that if you learn Asm by starting with the machine itself, independent of any HLL, then you don't get any preconceived notions of what it can and cannot do, which leads to what I'd call "real Asm programming." Then you can see the inefficiencies in compiler-generated code and what HLL abstractions introduce, and can easily beat the compiler in size or speed (often both). Good hand-written Asm has a very different look to it than compiler output.

This is especially true if you manage to find a novel solution that just wouldn't exist when the hardware capabilities are abstracted away by a high level language.

For some entertaining examples of what Asm can do that compilers cannot, look at the sub-1k categories in the demoscene:

http://www.pouet.net/prodlist.php?type%5B%5D=32b&type%5B%5D=...
One of my favourites: http://www.pouet.net/prod.php?which=3397
You've said, "It does appear", "I'd assume", "I don't know", but then you claim, "the evidence and information I have available". No, it doesn't sound like you have any of that but please produce it for us all to see and read.

"we are actually permitted to disagree with juries. Juries have failed in their judgment often enough"

So now you want to say the jury and the cop are wrong. Based on what? Though you have none of the information other than what you read in the article, you feel you know more than the jury? I think not.
For something similar check out: https://wsend.net
Lazy evaluation can also be encoded fairly easily in strict languages using constructs like lazy stream abstractions.
Putin's rhetoric took an ominous turn this week with references to nukes and Nazis.

I'll discount Putin's statements to his adversaries. More importantly he appears to be preparing his domestic audience for war.

From http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/08/29/putin-kiev-nazis_n_...

[Putin's] tone grew intense while he spoke about Russia's military
might, reminding the crowd that Russia was a strong nuclear
power. "Russia's partners... should understand it's best not to
mess with us," Putin said.

Putin compared Kiev's assault on the rebel-held cities of Donetsk
and Luhansk to the 900-day Nazi siege of Leningrad in which
1 million civilians died, perhaps the most powerful historical
analogy it is possible to invoke in Russia.

Then Ukraine played the NATO card. It's hard to see how this ends peacefully.

Prime Minister Arseny Yatseniuk told a government meeting on Friday
the cabinet would "bring before parliament a law to scrap the
non-aligned status of the Ukrainian state and establish a course
towards membership of NATO".
having same phobia of math (just about blanked on any midterm or final in university) this is intriguing.

can you describe your experience more in detail? what in particular did you discover during the process how to overcome fear of math?
Except that a customer of Microsoft Ireland purchased cloud based storage in the EU. Now the US is claiming that Microsoft USA should retrieve the data from Microsoft Ireland because Microsoft USA is the controlling entity.

The data was never in the US of A to begin with, and if Microsoft USA forces Microsoft Ireland to retrieve the file Microsoft USA can kiss their entire cloud offering Goodbye in Europe since no-one will use them because the data could potentially be accessed by the US government with no regard for EU laws.
The involvement of intelligence agencies is indirect but very much relevant. Widespread disclosure of illegal domestic spying, including misuse of intelligence data for commercial purposes, incentivizes customers to keep their data out of the US. As a result, companies like Microsoft need to be prepared to maintain customer data outside the US, or they won't be able to compete with providers in other countries.
I won't wait more than about 30 minutes in line at a restaurant for dinner, I don't care how good or cheap it is. For lunch if they don't have a table immediately available I move on. I don't understand how people have time to spend hours waiting for a meal.
What's clever is recognizing the "kernel" of a function like map. Hickey answers the question: if we take this list-processing/decimating function like "count-if" or "map" or whatever, and express it with reduce, what is that reducer function which we will need? And how is that reducer derived from or related to the function that goes into the list processing function, like the mapping function in map? He then makes those functions behave as methods (when called with one less argument) which give you that reducer.

Now what if this is done to reduce itself? What should a reduced arity (reduce fun) return? I think that is a noop: nothing needs to be done to fun to make it reduce under reduce, so (reduce fun) -> fun. I.e. to transduce the reducer "fun", an arbitrary function, into a function X such that (reduce X list) will do the job of (reduce fun list), we simply equate X with fun.
this argument would be just as accurate after a replacement of "stratified" with "misogynist" or even "starving".
Emojli – Why You Should Never Build an App
How would it be? It's just using cURL to send a file to a URL.
most restaurants end up closed and in financial ruin

Isn't this also the case for most tech startups?
"In France, it is not as easy to fire employees as it is in the US. Hiring someone is a real commitment. "

I think it's a huge stretch to paint that as an advantage. Hiring is inherently an important issue, to the point that a single bad hire can doom a small company anywhere in the world. Putting even more weight in that decision will only be bad for the employers, whether or not you believe it's good for the employees.

If it's at all relevant, I'm from Brazil, where it's also very hard to fire anyone.
I'm not convinced it matters. Should Microsoft Ireland be allowed to print their own US currency, for example, as long as they never bring any of it into the US?