skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
You don't want to re-structure your code to change the degree of N. N is a hyperparameter, you expect it to change as you figure out what gives you the best result. You also typically want 1, 2, 3, etc. grams, not just of one degree, and it's silly to have to call different functions for each of those.

And n of quite large degrees is not uncommon in hardcore natural language processing, or bioinformatics, both of which Python (wrapping Numpy and Scipy, usually) is heavily used for.

For instance, Chinese doesn't tokenize its words (all the characters are packed) which means you usually end up doing something like taking N-ngrams (of potentially large degree) on the character space, doing a lot of lookups into a dictionary and a language model, and seeing if you can get everything to "fit" so that all characters are accounted for and the resulting sentence makes sense.
Take that a step further: for virtually anything that comes in a box, the most important requirement is shelf life. That's why it comes in a box: long shelf life reduces logistical cost, which reduces the apparent cost of the product. Nutrition is whatever they can legally get away with.
Regulation is the reason you can buy food and feel safe that it won't poison you. It's why you can buy a house and feel safe that the ceiling won't collapse on top of you. It's why you can visit a cinema and feel safe that there are enough fire exits and alarms and a sensible evacuation plan.

All of these regulations aren't in place just because officious bureaucrats wanted to clog up the smooth workings of a free, capitalist society, they exist because historically, when they weren't, people died. For proof, go and read about some of the nightclub and theatre fires that happened a hundred years ago, in which hundreds of people burned to death.

When there's a immediate link between malfeasance and harm, it's easy to see that the government should step in, introducing building codes and hygiene standards to ensure it can't happen again. When the harm is delayed, the link feels more tenuous, even if it's really not. Companies that pollute are contributing to potentially catastrophic disruption of the biosphere and global warming, but it doesn't happen overnight, so people treat it as less wrong than building a nightclub with no fire exits. It isn't.

Likewise, food companies who aggressively promote nutritionally dangerous foodstuffs cereals at children, while promoting them as healthy, are doing harm. They're doing it knowingly, and they're paying to distort scientific and political processes in order to keep doing it.

It's easy to trumpet individual choice as all important, but reality is not an individualist pipe dream. The average person is not well informed about dietary science and never will be, and many children cannot make a choice at all, let alone an informed one. In the face of the wealth and marketing power of large food companies, people have no chance on their own, and they levels of obesity in modern societies are clear proof of that.

Food regulation isn't about the government telling people what they can eat. It's about the government telling food companies that they can't produce food that's dangerous, in the long term as well as the short term. Just like the government tells companies they can't produce cars that fly apart on the highway, or buildings that fall down in a strong wind.

Regulation of dangerous business practices is exactly what government should be doing it. It's the reason why all the other nonsense governments do is worth putting up with. It protects people from irresponsible companies, and it protects responsible companies from being undercut by irresponsible companies.
Once you study Japanese for any amount of time romaji becomes more of a liability than anything else. The thing I dislike most about most these one search bar dictionaries is there is no way to ignore romaji input. Its one of the main reasons I still use jisho.org so often and I'm very unexcited about their new beta. Adding the ability to turn it off would be a great start
I'm glad you think it's interesting! Just pushed a LICENSE file (MIT). Let me know if you build anything cool :)
I feel that with ACA the government is making an opposite stand - don't trust corporations with choosing your health coverage and picking doctors. Instead focus on the money and then use that money to buy a health benefits package that's the most convenient to you.
Not by any sane person, no. Why are you letting people upload and name their own files on your server? Should we be posting articles about the vulnerabilities in the finger daemon or Solaris 8's NIS implementation, while we're at it?

It seems like this article is aiming towards shared servers where you actually allow shell login to "untrusted" users, which IMO is a relic of days long past, that only really persists at (maybe) universities. Hell, even at the university I last worked at 6 years ago we just gave everybody their own VM. And nowadays I wouldn't even need to give them that... students can download and run a vagrant environment on their personal machine in like 2 commands.

It's not to say there's no audience for articles like this... I'm sure there's plenty of environments out there that still follow the multi-user server model from the 1970's, and I certainly pity anyone who has to administer those types of systems. But it certainly should be no surprise to anyone that there's a lot of malicious things you can do if you have shell access to a system (or to your point, the ability to upload arbitrarily-named files with arbitrary content. shudder)
It sounds to me like you're making excuses for giving up and sitting on the couch because you're introverted and have had some bad relationship or social encounters.

Everyone other than lifelong hermits has experienced social or romantic rejection. There are plenty of introverts who are successful in capitalistic societies.

You don't say where you live but I assume it's in the USA or some other western capitalistic country. Get out of the house, get some therapy if necessary, but don't give up. There are too many oppoortunities at your fingertips even if you're not a type "A" extrovert.
And what about spending time to optimize a end user's time?
I too have seen this at a chain of clinics where I live: the doctor's laptop is hooked up to a wall-mounted screen, where I can actively watch what is being typed into my reports. It surprised me too, and makes me feel much better about the whole experience.
Similar Aerial tramway are deployed in Algeria , where they are used as a transport cars and not as a tourist cars, the system is quite useful, each year it transport more than a million passenger.
http://gondolaproject.com/category/installations/algerian-go...
http://www.strmtg.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/cabl...
Chicago. Enough said.
In most environments it would be insane to allow anybody untrusted to put files on your server. That includes a trusted sysadmin extracting unknown tar files on your server. It's a case of "if they got this far, you're already fucked."
No discussion of MSMQ?
Yes. The one saving grace for Duolingo is that the production isn't `free' production, but most of the time you just repeat a sentence you just heard in the same exercise.

(Though I have to admit, I got stuck on Duolingo learning Spanish once the productions got more complicated.)
Firefox 31 worked.

Chrome as an 'uncaught type error' on line 1.
Ferguson: The Coming Race War Won’t Be About Race
Swiss Deflate the Deflation Theory
There are things that regulation can do that go counter to what the market want.

Forbidding snack and soda vending machines in schools, mandating healthy and balanced meals in school's cafeterias, making it mandatory for kids to receive an education on food that allows them to understand their choices, ...

There doesn't need to be a lot of regulation. At least just enough to protect and educate kids to become better informed adults.
It may not be as "sticky" to laypeople, but that's a super-cool word, thanks for sharing!
When I imagine a toddler watching these videos I think of this - for a toddler these unboxings are the work of people with manual skills they still aspire to.
disguising yourself in order to attempt to circumvent the ban would be an additional offense.

Though the point is less the examples and more the principle: that an offense can be made up of multiple inoffensive-sounding parts which are only problematic when taken together.
>I tried to listen to some ASMR triggers, and I got the same physical reaction and feelings of discomfort I get from fingernails scratching on a blackboard or hearing someone clean their teeth.

Glad to hear I'm not alone. My wife and I listened to the This American Life program on ASMR and I couldn't even stand the few short snippets in the program. The whispery sound of quiet talking where you can hear the speaker's tongue flapping around in their mouth makes me want to pull my teeth out with pliers.
"To share" means "to use or enjoy something jointly or in turns" (source: http://thefreedictionary.com/share). I hear Starbucks customers generally receive their own coffee each.

Note also that sharing does not imply "for free". It simply implies more than one person using a given resource.
Bolivia’s Subway in the Sky
NASA crowdsourcing ISS image analysis
Each dot-com domain costs me 1,49€ each month

I just reduced from 3 to 2
Honest question, has there ever been a generation that experienced youth the same as the generation before them?
Just general commentary. If something really, truly works and you can prove it, then everyone will adopt it. If this isn't being adopted by everyone then there can only be two reasons: either it doesn't really, truly work -- because of some nasty details that you're soft-pedaling; or it simply needs more proof, which will inevitably come with time.

If it doesn't really, truly work, one reason could be that most corporate developers can barely write working code; writing test code that will hold the whole project up if/when it fails -- that's beyond what you could trust the average developer to write.

It may work well when you have a top-notch developer to write tests, or when the goals of the project are especially amenable to automated testing, but in the common case cause too much friction.

Edit: a more sinister reason that automated testing isn't used more, even if it might deliver better software, is that a lot of companies that are in the software business don't care much about defects. Many seem to care more about shipping features, even if those features are half-assed and buggy, than about shipping code that works. But, even so -- we're talking about no-brainers here. Even shoddy companies eventually adopt really obvious better practices, even if only by following the herd.
One metric I think about a lot in my work is the sum of runtime and programming time, because I often write one-off analysis programs and just care about when I get the results. It's nice because I can focus on the sweeping optimizations and not the small ones.
You should learn other stacks. Many startups value using Open Source stacks, and it will be worth your while to have experience with them.

That being said, as someone who went from Eclipse to Visual Studio, the difference is night and day :)
Text:

http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/17/world/americas/with-subway...
Game theory suggests Bitcoin rules may need updates if the currency is to endure
It's interesting that this malware only targets certain models of Dell PowerEdge servers with particular RAID controllers. Since the average terrorist isn't likely to be using one of these, it would seem that the purpose of this malware is for spying on businesses or government agencies.
Relevant: http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/lwp/Session%20III%20-%20....

Private equity (venture capital and buyouts) hasn't done particularly well over the past few decades. Some big wins, but also some spectacular failures (e.g. $45 billion EFH buyout that ended in bankruptcy). The above analysis shows that there is a huge difference in performance between funds, and the gap is persistent. The problem is, the good funds can't absorb a fraction of the money institutional investors are looking to put in these asset classes.

Why would VC's give up their 2 and 20 when there is just so much money floating around?
Made http://wikiquest.herokuapp.com/ or a game that seeks to connect two articles on Wikipedia with the least number of clicks as possible.
Doctors writes too bad (poor hand writting) that sometimes patients cant understand. In India we are talking about a rule ( law ) where doctors have to write in CAPITAL only.
I'm sure it was fairly constant pre-industrial revolution, but maybe change is just accelerating over time.
I understand what you mean; I've been studying Japanese for five years now and learned hiragana and katakana in the first two weeks of class. I have always told new learners to do that first as you rarely see romaji used in Japan.

Do you mean that on jisho you always use the Japanese search box?
Malware Traffic Spikes Preceded Russian and Israeli Conflicts
My wife and I gave up eating breakfast cereal years ago because we did not feel as good in the morning compared to eating fruit, eggs, perhaps a veggie omelette, etc.

Everyone is different so if I may suggest: try doing some A/B testing: go a month eating cereal and then go a month not eating cereal and see how differntly you feel. For all I know, some people may thrive on cereal, but not my wife and I.
I work in a family practice every other week as a requirement for medical school. I've noticed that EMRs are very disruptive to a doctors bedside manner. For every visit the doctor types notes into a laptop while the patient speaks to her. Communication is inhibited and the doctor struggles to maintain rapport with her patient.

I would love to see the patients EMR displayed on a screen so the patient could see what the doctor typed as he spoke. This would make the process collaborative instead of one sided. It would also be a great feedback mechanism where the patient could double check that his doctor understood what he just said.
You Sir, are not a pilot, any pilot understand the law, and the FAA is very wrong on the ruling because that ruling actually makes illegal any cost sharing.
so if you were a pilot you could not share your gas expense with any passenger even friends or family.
My year in open source and side projects
it also depends on the degree of mastery displayed / degree of difficult of beating the game. I love watching Let's Plays for the Descent series, particularly when I see someone beat a level I've had trouble with by using tactics I haven't mastered.

Here's Avder wrecking D1 level 6: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kCLhArmirhw
JavaScript regular expressions
I seriously don't miss midi/game ports and serial and parallel ports. That said, the inability to draw power through a port that is currently hosting peripherals is a huge flaw that's really hindered smartphone docking stations.
I've almost finished building a system for learning language specifically using spaced repetition.

Instead of basic flash cards, reads you the word (audio); then if you don't get it you'll be shown the word (visual); then you'll be read the word in context; then shown the word in context.

The system doesn't just drill you on single words, it tests comprehension on full sentences and documents too.

I'm currently putting the last polishes on to make sure new users can easily start learning. If you're interested, I'll announce the beta launch on my mailing list at www.hotglot.com , or if you're super keen email me at james @ hotglot.com and I'll give access to the alpha version.
So was Ukraine:) Part of Russia/USSR until 1991. Crimea is a special case - it was always assumed to be "Russian" even under Ukrainian rule. Ukrainians themselves never fully considered Crimea as their own. That is why it fell off so quickly and easily. Historically it has been part of Russia, true, but more importantly is never stopped being "Russian" in terms of self identity (unlike Lwow or Volyn for example, that were Ukrainianized in a rather brutal way).
Ask HN: How to go about starting an ambitious software startup?
I have an idea for a service which I find rather compelling and am very confident in, centered around multi-platform app family (Spotify-style.)

I'm a developer, but my experience and skillset would not be sufficient for me to begin laying down the architectural foundation for a project this ambitious on my own, nor do I have any software-talented friends who would be able to do so as co-founders.

I would like to apply to Y-Com this winter, but I'm not sure how to proceed. How do you get investors with no product and no customers? You can't customers without a product and you can't get a product without the people with the skills to build it, who you can't hire without money. I'm uncertain where the entrance to this vicious circle is!
See the recent redesign for USPS

http://grand-army.com/work/projects/project.php?project=usps...
"Just general commentary. If something really, truly works and you can prove it, then everyone will adopt it."

This is charmingly naive.
Well, the problem is that "example.com:/foo/*" isn't actually a local path that can ever be globbed by zsh alone -- it's an rsync/ssh/scp-style remote path, yet zsh interprets it as such. Not sure why. I think the solution is make sure zsh ignores arguments containing colons, but I don't know what the config option is for that.

Edit: Just remembered that zsh's over-eager globbing also fails with git -- eg., "HEAD^" must be quoted.
Exactly. If we are to stick to such calculations, then it's worth years of programmer's time to save seconds of end-user time for any remotely successful piece of software.

I wish more programmers and companies would think of that. Everything they do scales milionfold - that includes potential time savings for users as well as wasting coal on doing stupid things like parsing literally millions lines of XML for basic configuration (OSGi, I'm looking at you! Also, news for some, processor cycles cost electricity, which is not unlimited or free.). But I know - incentives, money, optimization, capitalism, Moloch!
Yep, or even your own time if you run the program multiple times. E.g., if your code is running on a thousand machines, that CPU-hour savings that cost $0.05 now costs $50.00; past a certain point it does pay to throw engineers at insane micro-optimizations. Or nonlinear payoffs from CPU time improvements -- e.g. meeting a realtime deadline or else the system is useless. The "CPU-hour vs. engineer-hour" comparison works only when the engineer him/herself runs their own program, exactly once, without other constraints.
No. Rivers changed courses. The levels of rain fluctuated. The levels other important resources fluctuated, namely those like animals, trees, and other raw materials that pre-industrial societies relied on.

The environment is fundamentally in flux.
Looking at the price of importing water is misleading because its not priced properly anywhere in the U.S. And training those aquifers is precisely why places like Arizona aren't sustainable.
Still think robots can’t do your job? This video may change your mind
Well, Shannon & Moore showed [1] that you can make arbitrarily reliable circuits out of unreliable relays, so I expect you could find a redundant enough encoding for any program that would allow it to operate at high precision, even in this language. It would almost certainly be larger and slower than a more accurate equivalent though!

[1] http://mriedel.ece.umn.edu/wiki/images/3/30/Moore_Shannon_Re...
Cute, but there are a lot of situations where this breaks down. It assumes that a programmer's efficiency is independent of a program's efficiency.

If I have to wait hours for a job to complete that could be completed in moments with a bit of extra work, there certainly is value in working on the optimisation.
Not having access to my own medical records is something that continues to annoy me to this day. I've heard a few arguments as to why the security is better than Fort Knox, many of these touched upon in the article ["Doctors want to be Free" and "Oh my, Liability"], but I have yet to buy any of them.

I hope this "open note" deal continues to trend, and becomes more so; horray for privacy, but bleh to "so secure, I can't see it".
But it's a political problem!

I agree that the debate over education is crippled by a lack of clear teleological goals that everyone can agree on before discussing. But that's expected in a big discussion.

Most Big Social Issues have this same problem because they are political by nature, not technological or epistemological. Our society hasn't reached consensus on what an 'education' is, just like how it hasn't decided what a good life is (work/life balance debate), what 'freedom' is (drug criminality debate), or what a just war is.

But ESPECIALLY with education, I wouldn't expect a 'defined problem' or a set of agreed upon terms to come about by consensus. Why? Like tax policy, education policy has a very intimate relationship to politics and social classes because it affects everyone closely. The issue of definitions is 'solved' when one group's ideas win by force of influence.

The point you may be missing is that this has already happened. For the wealthy, the system isn't broken at all. The current system of standardization (test scores, bean-counting admissions processes) for everyone with a side of elite tutoring and private schools for themselves isn't failing. It's doing quite well: Pay extra disposable income for Mary to have better 'aptitude' --> secure acceptance into the next stage of life. The wealthy don't want to make the masses dumb, that would be too dangerous and gut their workforce . They'd rather make them predictably average so their children can beat their peers, reliably, with extra financial firepower.

They may not think these details out consciously, but it's the game being played.
I have a theory about the success of McD and Starbucks

You're absolutely right it's worse than a local place. But it's predictable.

It makes the process of choice easier: I can go to McD and I know what I'm getting or I'm trying this new place, with unpredictable results.
So maybe we should find (or found) some kind of Negative Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response society? ;).
Jennifer Lawrence and Chris Martin dating
> The "CPU-hour vs. engineer-hour" comparison works only when the engineer him/herself runs their own program, exactly once, without other constraints.

Or when the system is designed such that you can scale hardware to decrease run time. Sometimes the choice is between throwing programmer time at a performance problem or throwing hardware at it, and often the economics work out in favor of the latter.
What paths were proposed and which ones didn't seem viable to you and why?
I think spaced repetition is over-hyped and under-understood.

In language learning, it can have some benefit, but I think duolingo's approach, which does not obsess over computing repetition times, more effective than flash card software.

I found that in order to use a new word, 6 repetitions isn't enough, you rather need a few hundreds to make it stick. Also waiting a few weeks until the next repetition is just a waste of time...
"There's also a complete REPL inside Visual Studio for each"

Can you set it to use IPython's repl rather than the default repl?
validator passes, thanks.
> patients who are making stuff up entirely

I'm not sure how making notes visible, or invisible, to patients would change the adage that "patients lie". Exacerbation or reduction arguments, perhaps, but the fundamental principle I'm not sure would change.

Toward the "further lever to manipulate the system", that may be something to consider in terms of who has editorial access to the records vs. simple readability access to the records... little more.
No, they market it as "part of a balanced breakfast", even the sugar blasted sugar bombs:

http://www.gocomics.com/calvinandhobbes/2010/04/13/#.U_FKp7x...