skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Functional programming means working with referential transparency by definition and an expression is said to be referentially transparent if it can be changed with its value without changing the behavior of the program (i.e. you receive the same output for the same input). And that's actually the definition of functions in mathematics that children learn in school - functional programming does not refer to the "functions" that we know from regular imperative programming ;-)

This implies immutability, because pieces of code, or functions that mutate variables / objects / data-structures are NOT referentially transparent.

> I think fifty years of lisp would like to have a few words with this fellow

LISP is not really a family of FP programming languages, even though LISP in general does apply concepts from lambda calculus and does have everything needed for FP. LISP in general is more like a multipurpose swiss army knife. For example the style people use to develop in Common Lisp is often very far away from FP. There are exceptions of course, like Clojure, which comes with immutable data-structures by default, strived to make uncontrolled mutation more painful and the culture around it does encourage FP.
Throwing around the "cloud" buzzword, in spite of recent development on cgroups, CoreOS/etcd, Project Atomic and yes, even systemd, was funny enough. The paragraph on "security threats" was by far the most hilarious though, because you could tell they really had nothing worthwhile to say, but had to include it for the FUD value.
The code line which 'fails' is $y == 3 , I think we are both confused ...
Studies are expensive, we wouldn't get anything done if we wait for all researches to be properly funded.
It could be, if the effect is strong enough.
They seem to only have one real point, that microsoft products work best with microsoft products. The rest of it is just building up a sense of vague uncertainty. I would have thought Microsoft could make better arguments than that.
My car's 12V system warns me to limit use to 120W. That's for the "cigarette lighter" ports, but the OBDII power pin is probably similar if not on the same circuit. That'll run a lot of crap.
> Encryption without authentication and trust defeats passive snooping but does absolutely nothing to protect against MITM, which is a real and prevalent threat.

Sure. But non-encryption leaves you vulnerable to both passive snooping and MITM.

> Setting HTTP/2 to encrypt everything but removing the big warnings that appear when trusted authenticity cannot be established would be a net security downgrade, because the lay user will trust their connection when they ought not.

How about only showing the padlock for certificated sites, and requiring a certificate when a secure request is made (http2s:// ?), but allowing encryption with a self-signed certificate for "insecure" URLs (http2://) and just not showing the padlock?
But it will be a stable orbit, right?
Do mechanics still schedule manual checks periodically? I'd be afraid of relying too much on automated systems.
> they're imposing the highest possible punishment on to themselves

That's the problem right there: death is not the highest possible punishment, regardless of culture.
Depending where you live, there may be resources to help you get started. 3 miles is a perfect biking distance. Bike-commuting friends don't want you biking? Is there something particularly bad about your surrounding environment?
EU app economy share shrinks to 19%, but continues to grow at 12% per year
An utilitarian argument: Scarcity. Land ownership is inevitable - for you to build a house, someone else must give up on digging a well -, you can only transfer it, and there's no reason to assume the new owner (even if it's the State) will use it better and increase society's welfare.

Copyright over a work can be eliminated, granting everyone (including the original creator) the possibility of building on top of it without conflicts arising, so the total welfare is increased.
Off-topic, but when did HN get code fragments? That's a really cool development.
Show HN: Completely native bug tracker
Cab With Me[1] is doing this in NYC right now (head of biz dev here). MIT came out with a study[2] that showed ~80% of cab rides in 2011 could have been shared, if there was an easy facilitator.

[1] http://www.welcome.cabwith.me/
[2] http://www.citylab.com/cityfixer/2014/03/how-system-shared-t...
Wouldn't the very act of drinking it contaminate that source with bacteria from your lips?
They ask a lot of questions they don't answer, and from my experience with both Windows and Linux, Linux can answer most of those questions far better than Windows. This is a joke.

edit: example: "Will patching and security lead to downtime?" There's ksplice and kgraft and more - patch the kernel with no downtime. And even without using either, I can't remember the last time I had to reboot immediately because a patch was that critical, or the last time I had to sit there waiting for my laptop to reboot 3 times trying to install the weekly updates. Windows Update blows.

edit: another example: "Proven security development lifecycle". Ha ha ha ha ha!
Oh for sure, I'm not investing in them because as a developer I'm not looking for ethers, especially not at such a price level when developers ought to be able to develop on a testnet for free. My decision has nothing to do with the extent I trust them to be honest, there's absolutely no indication that they're dishonest.

I just wanted to say that the fact something is on the blockchain is meaningless in and of itself because at near zero-cost you can create trades with yourself. That doesn't mean I'm saying they do this or implying it. Again, no reason for me to suspect it, just arguing the point it's possible.
Finding an internship in the states when based in the UK-Is it possible?
Hello!

I am desperate to find an internship in the US but being based in the UK is making this very hard. I have written to a large number of companies already and not had much joy! I have been coding for a year, recently graduated from a coding bootcamp (i funded with a crowdfunding campaign) and do also attend meetups. I know i am very early on in my career and have a tonne to learn but i am also very passionate about this and hard working. I would also consider anything remotely but i just see the opportunity to spend time in another country as such a great one that i really do not want tot give up on it but i know it is also challenge!
You're not just doing math, you're making a moral argument: that if the length of a copyright term is lesser due to the lifespan of the author, that this is somehow 'discriminatory'.
Microsoft is a shadow of its former self now it's focused on selling locked down phones and web services instead of any actual software.
That's a more severe depression. I been there (symptoms of a chronic disease), unfortunately.
Tortoises use touchscreens. For science
12% of Gamers Hallucinate Sound Effects After They Stop Playing
Some do, some don't. Unless you have a very specific market in mind, then perhaps you're right.

In general, however, your statement is on the same level of correctness as Microsoft's advertisement linked here.
I don't think people who really understand referential transparency would claim that it's impossible to give C a referentially transparent semantics. It's pretty easy. (This essentially feels like looking at the meaning of the language from "the inside" versus "the outside" if that makes sense.)

There's a difference between being able to imagine such a semantics and having that semantics be in common and widespread use or having it be useful to explain functions of the language or common techniques.

The nice thing about, e.g., Haskell is that these referentially transparent semantic models are really just shoved into your face. Purity makes it hard to ignore referential transparency. Monads make it incredibly clear when you have regions of code which aren't referentially transparent.

So, much like the whole contentious "vacuous type system" arguments from a day ago---these analyses exist naturally for practically any language you can think of but their value varies a lot depending on whether or not they are natural.
Those are pictures of an adult, not a child. When you use the word "girl" to describe an adult woman you're implicitly belittling her. Don't be that guy.
Former NSA Chief Trying to Patent New Cybersecurity Technology
FUD rising to a new level:

Persistent threats and dedicated attackers can slow your projects and put your IT environment at risk with Linux projects.
New Shopify referral marketing app looking for BETA testers
Hi guys. My company has just submitted into beta what we believe is the easiest to use, and most ridiculously friendly referral marketing app in the SHopify app store. We call it Forewards.
We're currently looking for beta testers to help us iron out any kinks before we release fully. We've already had a number of our own services clients using the app for a few weeks now and the feedback has bee great so far.

Our objective was simple. Focus on simplicity, ease of use and friendly UI. We looked at the Shopify ecosystem and felt that in the marketing app segment and specifically with the referral apps already on the market it seemed like everyone was focusing on features, vs user experience. So we went the opposite route.

Along with our eternal gratitude we'll also extend a full year free subscription to the first 25 beta testers.

You can find the app here https://apps.shopify.com/forewards or learn more about it here http://forewardsapp.com/
Technically they are right. Linux is only a kernel. You need other software to run AD, so they are covered legally! ;-)
Same old same old FUD campaigns. Perhaps Microsoft will never get a clue, but it doesn't matter to me because I'm not using any of their software.

Also, you can't claim that your systems are secure and then not have the code publicly auditable. That's preposterous.
Would you like to elaborate by answering the questions posed there ? Concisely or verbosely.

Linux Wins. Windows Sux is not the cookie-cutter answer I would expect on HN.
Microsoft seems to be touting their support for various Linux distributions on their server products. I can't help but be reminded of the massive miscalculation IBM made in OS/2 development: they went to great lengths to make sure it supported Windows applications, which simply encouraged developers to write interoperable Windows code rather than OS/2-specific code, despite the technical advantages of OS/2.
Ah, the FSF argument. I guess saying GNU/Linux was too wordy for Microsoft anyway, with their whole Metro concept being "having information density and options is bad".
Raspberry Pi Image Cruncher Part 1
Oh look, captain pedant has arrived.
I'm sorry, I need further description of what you mean by the moving goalposts analogy. It would seem to me the "is this what they're actually doing?" part is directly relevant to the "is the system being described legal or constitutional?" part. I can describe a process of removing money from the bank that looks legal because I say I'm withdrawing my own funds, but turns out to be totally illegal because what I'm really doing is robbing the bank.

It is true that in some cases the courts do, in fact, tell the government they can or cannot do this or that. But I think the problem being referred to is when the "government" does things within a veil of secrecy so that the courts aren't even aware of the problem. Never mind the fact that the government creates a "court" to validate their procedures that itself is kept secret as part of the overall secrecy. In those cases I wouldn't say the discussion is pointless, counterproductive, and false.
Raspberry Pi Image Cruncher Part 2: Preparing the Pi
I disagree. At the very least it would need to be "mass" not "masses". The closest statement should be more like "With the mass of the comet, and the spacecraft being relatively distant."
Raspberry Pi Image Cruncher Part 3: Scripts and Automation
The signup form doesn't work in firefox nightly :/
I think dmc leaves too much to be implemented. Why dismiss a full project on PyPi for a half-written, untested one?
Have you tried coFounderLabs.com? They also have meetups in many cities.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meta-analysis
Help – I’m On A Blocklist [pdf]
If (1 "two" three) doesn't type check, then how do macros work? There must be an exception for the syntax itself. You should be able to write a macro (my-quote (1 "two" three)).
Security through obscurity is best security, didn't you know?
> the sauce and the strawberries in the food picture

Be interesting if people could correctly tell which images are renders and which are real, with > 50% accuracy, if they were given 50 sample images.

Because being told that an image is computer generated, and then saying "Yep, it's unrealistic" isn't particularly compelling argument.
Not really. Its more about me being helped to maintain my contacts over time (and occassionaly remembering to be y'know, sociable) and then being able to aggregate that. If I am looking for someone self-labelled as a good Perl programmer I could trust LinkedIn - or I could hire some good Perl guys and then ask them to scan their contacts list.

hmmm, that still sounds like LInkedIn but its not what I am after...
The attention economy (the limits of human cognition) vs deadlines.

My group championed private voting, public counting. We tried to influence policy, with mixed success. I spent years becoming an expert on election integrity, voting rights, election administration, etc.

It's not possible to convey all that knowledge casually. So you have to work very, very hard on messaging. And then tenaciously pound the same point over and over again until it gets thru.
Updating application software on Windows can be a pain as well since replacing the running binary must be done by the binary itself (otherwise it seems the file is locked). Which means that unless an application is specifically written to support it, upgrading in-place isn't an option (AFAIK).
"However, sometimes your solution is focused solely on server-side operating systems, and that's where Linux falls short."

wha?
Its because workplaces/schools are centered around producing, and tablets have a terrible user experience for producing. They're fine for consuming, but that's not what people do most of the time in offices/schools.
Great stuff! However, I thought that the Echo Nest tools that they bought were already doing such stuff. If not, what are they currently using for content-based recommendation?
You can develop on the testnet for free right now. The ether currently for sale are for the production network, and won't be available until launch.
The CPU often turns machine code into microcode, true, and that's a good point but it wasn't the point I was trying to make. Even in simpler processors that actually do directly execute the machine code, I think you can view that machine code as an API for controlling the processor system.
If someone gives you a tool and no support on how to use it, do you blame the tool or the person who gave it to you?
Methinks the "killer app" for Google Glass et al is automatic face recognition and dossier summary display (look at someone, and a "bubble" of information is shown above them); unavoidable when its time comes, and will be exploited by those already data-mining all kinds of app usage.
Im residing in one of the best places for traffic safety after decades of work towards "0 traffic deaths per year goal".

I dont fiddle with my phone when in the car - there is a holder for it on the dashboard so I can see and hear it clearly when GPS/GoogleMaps is on.

Running into an emergency situation and having different color lights or other information on any windshield would be disaster.

Ive been in emergency situations many times, in other countries and one which I believe has the most unsafe roads in the world. Escaped many though situations.

And Ive also hardly survived a frontal crash with another car (in the safe country), I was going 70km/h and other one was equal or faster. I wouldnt recommend adding more information than already present for a human brain to take decisions on. That information can be fed to a computer to take decisions when cars become self-driving.

But yeah HUD is cool. I would use it to show the speedometer higher up than it is right now.
Well, I see it as a more potential problem if the cops don't know the license plate number they need up front so they record every single one they see. Then this data is stored until someone can go looking through them to find the plate they actually need. The question is what happens to the complete list at this point?

Which, interestingly enough, the process of recording and storing license plate numbers for various uses is already in play. Both by private and public agencies.
So, like others here I don't trust javascript, so I run HTTP switchboard. I got the following message:

"you may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Please enable scripts and reload this page."

"a secured browser on the server"

where "secured browser" == one that has JS disabled (?)

"on the server": what is "something you shouldn't do on a server"
My guess: The probe won't orbit the comet, but rather orbit the sun in sync with the comet. That too would be artificial because the comet's mass and the probe's mass will keep changing (presumably at different rates). So the probe would need to catch up every once in a while.
T&Cs don't mean squat when you're dealing with a monopoly. They can put any sort of consumer-unfriendly terms they want in there and then say "if you don't like it, you're free to go to our competitors" of which there is only one and they are colluding.
Date/Time APIs are a core part of Fantom

http://fantom.org/doc/docLang/DateTime.html
That is a bit silly. What better non-luxury tablet are you suggesting they buy instead, if the only point of Apple is accessible luxury?
Those are nice links, but do not be mistaken, even in a low wage EE country your $1000 a month will not go far enough unless you have the right mindset of a local.

Low average wages != low cost of living.
> I was the victim of low-grade identity theft about 10 years ago, all stemming from a credit card number illicitly imprinted by someone at a restaurant. Shit spiraled from there, and it took me years to clean up the fallout.

Can you explain this in more detail? I don't understand how a single stolen credit card can cause you years of problems.
The reason we have land ownership is because without it, we have a tragedy of the commons situation: there is no incentive to improve the land, because anybody can just come along and harvest the corn you spent your hard work planting.

I don't get why people assume that creative works are any different. Creative works are scarce! We don't have an infinite number of creative people laboring to make new works. We actually have a pretty limited supply of such people, and creation is labor-intensive as well as not very scalable. You eliminate copyright, and you allow anyone to just come along and harvest the fruits of their labor, and you eliminate the incentive to engage in that labor.
How many super computers are running in your IT infrastructure ?
I meant that I hadn't yet read the original scientific publication [1] (I have now), not that I hadn't read the Guardian piece.

I also wouldn't agree that I was refuting the headline, I was just giving background. The scientific paper is very clear that this is an advance along precisely the lines I said were needed (ie defining a group for whom benefits outweigh harms), but the Guardian piece makes it sound like Aspirin's chemopreventive effect had just been discovered whole cloth.

[1] http://annonc.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2014/07/30/an...
Ask HN: Anyone using Keen.io?
Thinking at some point we might want to graduate from Mixpanel to something like Keen.io that has more flexibility.

Anyone using Keen.io? What us your experience?
Um, some schools have more money than others.
Czarist Russia in color (1905–1915)
The cost of Windows server licenses for a 1,000+ node system would be prohibitively expensive. Many of the Cray systems run Cray's own OS. It's a bit easier to run Linux in a light-weight configuration. There is more existing software for management of such systems in Linux (both system management and job management). Most of the top (public) supercomputers (that anyone has bothered to run linpack on and publish the results) are also running academic software (think F/OSS built on F/OSS using F/OSS tools). Windows just doesn't stand a chance in that world.
How the US army is embracing solar and wind energy
They put a fair bit of money into their homepage. I'm wondering why they decided that the first use case would be video sharing. Holy cow.

The nav system is great. They should have led with that.
>> oh, and for the record, a lot of the syntheses in tikhal and pikhal have _intentional_ omissions and errors, which makes those texts mostly useless from a synthetic standpoint.

I've never heard this said before. Can you be more specific or point to a reference I could read on this?
It's getting embarrassing. Are the marketing folks at MS completely clueless or maybe I'm the clueless one?

First it was the "Don't get scroogled" campaign, now this.

Oh, and the iPhone funeral fiasco too.

http://www.engadget.com/2010/09/10/microsoft-celebrates-wind...

They desperately need a Chief StayClassy Officer.
All students are not created equal. Younger students do not do "serious writing." Older students do, and probably need a keyboard.
I assume that it isn't Obama so much as the whole system is super fault-tolerant such that one person can't change it; even when that one person is the President.

There might be a political price to pay for changing it, but President Obama has absolute authority to end programs like this. He chooses not to. Unlike most of hn, I don't really mind, but you shouldn't let him off the hook so easily. The executive powers of the President are substantial, and they're one of the things you should think about when choosing someone to fill the office.
CodeChip – A freelance style market for code modification and help
Please provide references.
Also curious how the domain examine.com was acquired, was it something dormant that you or one of your team already own, or did you actually shell out 4,5 or 6 figures for the said domain?

One example of a successful generic domain is bodybuilding.com which I believe was bought for $30k a long time ago and then developed instead of sat on.
Agreed. Having to wear headphones is unpleasant. I can't work unless I have crap on my head, and I have to listen to music? Ridiculous. Shortly before I left my last position the new manager arranged the seating so that the most communicative people were in the centre, for ease of access, so the majority of the noise was right in the middle of the workspace, constant, and inescapable. Productivity destroyed.
Ultimately, I wonder what development environment people prefer? For me, POSIX APIs and GNU/Linux extensions are far simpler to work with to do what I need and get the performance I want. Windows development just seems very heavy, and the APIs, while comprehensive, are incomprehensible.
What exactly is the difference between this canvas tracking tech and cookies, flash cookies, and panopticlick? That just sounds like FUD because people are just learning about this.
Music app which recognizes your activities and plays context aware music
A collection of color photographs of the Russian Empire made ca. 1905
I'm assuming that google is having its employees participate in the beta so they can share rides to the HQ
China boot camp aims to make big hardware dreams reality