skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Sticking to traditional computer science (i.e., ignoring constants, caching, and other details, and just sticking to Big-O analysis), it is easy to show, or indeed easy to simply see that any mutable algorithm can be represented in a purely functional way by creating a balanced tree that represents memory and can be written to and read from by index. All reading and writing operations that treat the tree as simply an expanse of RAM are O(log n), vs. O(1) of direct RAM access. Therefore, pure functional programs can simulate any impure algorithm with a slowdown no worse than a log n factor.

Again, let me emphasize this is a worst-case analysis. Many common algorithms are equivalent regardless, and that's part of the reason tel specifically names Union/Find as such an algorithm, as it's actually somewhat rare to encounter one where there isn't a Big-O equivalent algorithm that is pure. Pure functional algorithms often require some modestly clever amortization to get there, but that's perfectly valid both in theory and in practice (many beloved "imperative" structures have amortized complexities, too, including such basics as a hash table).

In practice pure functional can sometimes come with larger constants; whether they hit you in practice depends on your use case and, often, sensitivity to garbage collection pauses.

In light of all that, I think it would be fair to say that your question is somewhat ill-defined. You can really only compare particular algorithms against each other, because there's no trivial equivalence between "imperative" and "pure functional" algorithms. Plus, the barrier between the two in practice is quite fungible... especially in a garbage-collected imperative language nothing stops you from using a "functional" algorithm, and every practical "functional" language will give you a way of running "imperative" algorithms directly. (Yes, even Haskell. But tel is building up to that. I won't give it away yet. Stay tuned.)
So you do not wish to understand the issues involved because they might lead to "government-level consequences", including "orbital-level intervention". Yeah, good to know that college degree of yours wasn't wasted.

I would have loved to stick around to here more about the statistical inequality as opposed to other kinds of inequality but I have to go. Best of luck to you.
Healthcare is cheaper all around the world because it's intensely regulated by the government. "Market forces" are great when you can have failure. You can't have failure with something that's keeping you from dying.

The petroleum industry lobbies for subsidies and receives them, since it's an incredibly good return on their investment.
This was a very insightful article, which deserves more upvotes than it has. It was very informative for me from the point of view of contemporary American history, especially as we hear of the rising "trend" (aren't they all trends) of younger folk giving up on suburbia and moving back to the cities.

If nothing else, it introduced me to the song "Little Boxes".
My question may have been ill defined, but your answer was awesome. :)

I have to confess your "easy to show/see" isn't immediately obvious to me yet. However, that is as likely because I haven't tried hard to see as anything else. This post is between other things I'm trying to get done. Poorly already, digging into this is something I fear would not help.

I am interested, though, so more pointers and explanations would be greatly appreciated.
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He attacked her, AND he threw bric-a-brak, AND he smashed furniture. Not attacked her by the last two, but in addition. The man was undoubtedly brilliant, spoke well and wrote well.

I don't think it useful, or likely to be accurate, trying to presume his homelife based on his public appearance.
I have been studying AsciiDoc lately. It turns out to be a really hacked-together macro language for creating "ad-hoc lite markup" to "SGML/XML-based semantic markup" conversions. The core idea and the default ad-hoc lite markup are both pretty nice, but the implementation leaves a lot to be desired. AsciiDoctor is an alternative implementation which is used on GitHub and in other places, but I believe it interprets AsciiDoc as more of a "fixed format" like Markdown than the original reconfigurable macro-based approach.
Honestly, I thought Square was kind of broke. Most of my contact with Square is in small cafes and restaurants, making this pivot kind of bizarre. Why would any food service company sign up for payment services with a company that's also competing with them? Stripe should be all over that angle.
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as an astrophysicist, this one annoyed me: https://www.dropbox.com/s/udoug25cpd2zpiy/Screenshot%202014-...
Only tangential to the article, but only now (via the link to the apache patch) did I realise it was libReSSL. Makes the name so much more interesting!
Interesting that Square is looking for acquisitions in the industry. Payment processing by itself always lacked tangible lock in.

From another article:

> TechCrunch understands from a reliable source that Square was a “serious bidder” against Google for Appetas, a restaurant website building platform Google just acquired.

http://techcrunch.com/2014/05/12/with-new-food-app-square-or...
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That's a good point, but Square and Stripe aren't really competitors, so I'm not sure what the opportunity is for Stripe (unless you are suggesting they launch a card reader).
iOS Programming: BNR

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What are some examples of software being used to solve major social problems?
Title question really says it all.<p>The only caveat is that these technologies are being worked on right now, and it has to be software.
Rather than thinking about collectivism versus individualism, I ask myself, "Do I want to live in Star Trek or Blade Runner?" and do whatever I think will bring on the Star Trek. Most of the time I think that means towers of individualism (or no individual glass ceilings) supported by a foundation of collectivism. In other words raising the floor for everyone without lowering the ceiling for anyone, whenever possible.
Carbohydrates and dry matter, among other things. The full paper is currently linked on the front page of HN and has a table.
Ask HN: Can Scoop be saved?
Scoop was written in the late 1990's to copy the Slashdot system for CMS websites. It used to power The Daily KOS and the Howard Dean websites. It is still in use at Kuro5hin and Husi and others, but it is written in an old version of Perl for Apache1 and may not even be Y2K compliant. Hackers seem to break it a lot and Kuro5hin itself has gone down too many times. Can someone convert it to Apache2 and modern Perl? The source code I saved to Github here: https://github.com/BlastarIndia/scoop

Rusty Foster once raised money to fix it for the CMF, but ended up using the money to fix his house or something. That was before Kickstarter. Anyone know how to fix it or want to fix it? I think there are people interested in running it on modern systems.
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The English civil war(s) from 1642 to 1651 which resulted in the regicide of Charles I and then Cromwell's Protectorate. Until everyone decided that maybe Kings were kindof OK, as long as parliament could tell them to fuck off if they got too demanding, plus Cromwell (and son) had generally pissed everyone off by then...
Exactly. Square is trying to build up a collection of services to offer local businesses, especially restaurants, of which payments is just one. Google has been playing in the same game, with the main aim of selling ads to local small businesses, but hasn't really moved fast enough in pushing payments.
It's easy to get lost in the type system if you use type-complex frameworks like Slick.

Right now, there are a lot of frameworks to choose from and to evaluate. And there are a lot of "experiments" going on. I think that this will improve as the community matures and settles on fewer ways to do things.

We've been using Scala now for 18 months in production, and I sometimes feel that library designers need to step back and try to not overuse the power of the language.
A good example of this is Windows performance counters since they are process ID based. That is more complicated than knowing if a service named X is running. It's tough if you want to know more than just if the app is running.
What degree of this is just how many college students is a city able to attract?

Georgia has worked very hard to make Georgia a good state for choosing to go to a local college, and I find it extremely unlikely that a large number of people are being pushed out of Atlanta due to cost of living, its extremely affordable to live in Atlanta, even more so if you consider the greater metro area.
It was also a matter of mutual agreement; sometimes the husband and wife would agree to accuse each other of crap like that. You know you have terrible public policy when couples are incentivized to slander each other in order to separate amicably.
Wrong, just wrong. It'd be easier for whomever wants to get a more accurate picture to Google articles about Detroit from the last few years. Dan Gilbert is igniting a change. It's not going to happen overnight. I grew up in METRO Detroit (cannot claim the D), but just throughout MI and especially my peers (I'm 24), there seems to be a more optimistic attitude about Detroit's future. I'm not a natural optimist, either. I would have maybe agreed with you two years ago. Dan Gilbert is probably the biggest reason I disagree with you now.

I'm hopeful, but far from guaranteeing anything. It's just not NEARLY as bad as you've described. My 23 year old friend recently moved into an apartment downtime and his rent is already up almost 50% from last year. It may be anecdotal, but gentrification is without a doubt taking place. I'd be willing to bet that this will be the first year in a long time Detroit does not see a population decrease. If not this year, then next. Hope I'm not wrong! :D
Nope, some guys (and women) who use computers for work and who have tech hobbies also have physical hobbies and can work labor.

Though, this is a great application of smarts as a lever. Even the most hardened labourer wants their job to be easier. This one just happened to be developed by women. They'll realize they're cutting at least 50% of their potential market out, and will want the profit, and will change their stance. Hopefully.
When will Haskell have a standard library that provides fast embedding, so programmers don't have to resort to creative tricks to get working algorithms at readkanky
Well in case that its advertising platform there are a lot of different monetizing ways like pay per click (pays business), "staff recommended"

offers which pops to the top and are "more visible" than others, or some pricing scheme with "pay as you go", "monthly subscription" and etc.
It was mostly true in 2007 [1]:

>Detroit just watched its last mainstream grocer, Farmer Jack, close its doors for good.

[1] http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1247787...
RedFlagDeals like others (slickdeals.net, dealspl.us and etc.) are quite different - there are community found and posted deals with some

"premium/partners" ads mixed. Spoffer works in a different way - people get deals and offers directly from businesses. Business channel on

spoffer is smth like business Facebook fan page, but entire solution is dedicated to special offers without any noise and with all necessary

tools for businesses (offers editor, analytics) and for people who want to discover offers as well. Also it could be treated as new generation

marketing channel which is a bit similar to email marketing, but businesses are collecting spoffer subscribers instead of email addresses and

other side - people, are getting these offers to their offers stream instead of email box.
While it seems strange Caviar would seek to be acquired so soon after raising funding, it’s possible that the competitive environment is just too much for it to handle, and maybe it would do better to be part of a larger company.

In any other environment, a failing or non-competitive company would be purchased for the value of its net assets. In this situation, that would be at most $20 million and likely for less than $10 million. It's silly stuff like this that convinces everyone outside of the SV echo chamber that the tech market is looking at another bubble.
I see where you're coming from.

I enjoyed actually reading the book -- it's a page-turner, at least -- but after I finished reading it I had a feeling of: "Great! Now I'm curious as to what really happened." Similar to how I feel after watching a film that purports to be "based on a true story."

And, yeah, it's really more about Sega's marketing efforts than anything. It's a story of the business side of things, with less detail about technology, game design itself, etc. And that's a shame, because there's a more interesting cultural tale there, I suspect.

Also, I believe this book was actually written at the behest of Seth Rogan and Evan Goldberg. They also write the (god-awful) introduction. And they're apparently making a film based on the story. So treating it as one would treat a "based on a true story" film is probably fair.
I don't know but "conventionally mass-produced" produces tend to be bigger and tasteless... that might have something to do with growers selecting them for the "wrong" trait (gene) [0]. Tomatoes being the best example; they are much better when bought at my local farmer's market (as opposed to buying them at Walmart).

0: http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1112648268/scientists-f...
This isn't exactly a fair comparison as it compares physical goods with skilled labor.
If everyone believed this statement to be true, there'd probably not be a silicon valley as everyone would be working out of NoVa area, since that's where you'd have to go if you wanted internet.
The rise of Seattle, multiple locations in California, Austin, and many many other cities in the tech scene proves that silicon valley has no stranglehold over the industry. They are just the loudest, and perhaps the richest :).
Concerning property prices, San Francisco has already felt the pain of the mass influx, as is Austin now and to a lesser extent Seattle. I for one would love to see more options pop up. I do see your point, but hope you're wrong
Regarding the "easy to see":

1) Take your algorithm that involves updates to memory.

2) Split it up so that "memory" is represented by an ADT - in the original imperative setting, it's logically a hash table - O(1) read and write.

3) Replace that ADT with a binary tree. Now you have O(lg(n)) read and write.

4) If the previous algorithm was O(f(n)), it can't do any particular thing more than O(f(n)) times, including memory access. So in the worst case, you've made O(f(n)) things take O(lg(m)) times as long, so the new algorithm must be in O(f(n) * lg(m)).
Sorry, Im not on linkedin.
First reactions of "experts" on this study range from cautious to skeptical: http://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-study-c...
As far as I'm aware, Linux tools do react to various signals, just not SIGINFO because it comes from BSD and Linux just doesn't use that particular signal.

You can check dd progress by sending USR1, for example.
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It's easier than you might think. Machines are, if nothing else, good at identifying things other machines have created.

People also often forget that Google doesn't just have to look at the page content to analyze something. Reader behavior, for example, can tell you a lot.
great tip about ClickToPlugin :D
Ask HN: How to get into the game industry as a game developer?
I would love to get in the game industry as a game developer, but I find it kind of impossible to get started.

Most of the companies do require existing knowledge of OpenGL and/or engines like Unreal Engine 4, CryEngine, Unity 4 and so on. Some of them even require up to 5 years in the industry or that you have developed on AAA games.

I do not have anything of the above. Though I did read the game programming pattern book[0], which I was mesmerized by. About me, I am a 19 year old male from Germany, who is passionate about programming. I graduated from middle school and I am about to pass my apprenticeship as an IT Specialist for Application Development, in fact next Friday.

Any ideas for me? Maybe there are some game developers out here on HackerNews, who can tell me when and how they got started.

[0]: http://gameprogrammingpatterns.com/
Oakland and Washtenaw counties (adjacent to the county Detroit is in) have college graduates at rates far higher than the national average.

Washtenaw is about on par with San Francisco (but also only ~1/3 the population).

I think it's relevant because you don't need all those services to exist in the core of Detroit or a huge migration to get access to lots of educated people.
I grew up in Troy (a suburb a half hour north of Detroit) and live in Detroit, on Virginia Park Street (between 2nd and Woodward, just north of West Grand Boulevard)

You couldn't be more wrong. M1 rail, an easy city to bike, Whole Foods in Midtown, etc.

Right now it's a playground for the late 20/early 30 set looking to get a foothold and meet someone, which is exactly what I've done. The city needs to focus on fixing the schools and providing more security, so that it's possible to have a family in Detroit. That will come in time.
Theory of 'disruption' has been debunked. Can we all move on now, please?
People keep worrying about filter bubbles, which is a rational but misguided fear. Having written some of these systems (Google News), it really does not happen the way people imagine it would.

At the end of the day, the factors that define a good curation framework do not actually create a filter bubble. People love serendipitously discovering new content, and the optimizing for the "best article" does not actually optimize for a singular viewpoint. As a result, any curation system that produces a filter bubble will not actually feel as good of a system to the end user, and will not get as much adoption.
The irony of writers like Rundkvist lumping Heyerdahl in with frauds like Von Daniken is that Von Daniken's theories were predicated on the assumption that "primitive" peoples didn't have the ability to accomplish such achievements, and critics of Heyerdahl predicated their criticism on the same assumption. He also didn't make any truly ridiculous leaps of plausibility that the ancient astronauts theory requires. Hyperdiffusionism doesn't have any adherents today because there wasn't enough evidence to sustain it, and inside the confines of the scientific method Heyerdahl was not a scientist. But for the life of me I don't understand the continued pathological need of people to disrespect the man and his accomplishments.
I was under the impression that was ST.
As someone who used to develop on Scoop as part of my day job, I would say: probably not.

The problem is twofold. First, Scoop doesn't really do anything anymore that other software can't do as well. Its killer feature was user diaries, which allowed user-generated content in an age when most systems didn't. But those days are long past now, so just supporting UGC in a semi-elegant way doesn't attract people by itself the way it used to in, say, 2004.

Second, as you indicate, it's accrued an absolutely shocking amount of technical debt, mostly from many years of neglect. This makes switching to another system less off-putting than it normally would be, since if you stick with Scoop you're going to be doing as much or more work bringing and keeping it up to date as you would by making a switch to an alternative product. And at least if you make a switch you get ongoing support and modern features.

So, anything's possible, but given these two factors I have a feeling that if someone were going to step forward to save Scoop, they would have done it by now. The fact that nobody has implies that the audience of people interested in running it on modern systems is tiny at best.

So if I was still running a site on Scoop, I'd spend my time looking for good alternatives and planning how to get moved onto one rather than looking around for someone to bail out a ship that has more or less already sunk.
You could encrypt datagrams.
Herbicides are a sub-class of pesticides, so benign herbicides definitely count.
Why do you think your perception bias is more important than other's?
This just in: Rich people have better lives and are happier than poor people! Film at 11.

If they want people to start taking inequality seriously, the first thing journalists might want to do is to figure out what the hell they're trying to accomplish.
This is actually a really important distinction you're making and one that is lost in the HN echo chamber.
TCP's spoof protections are fairly limited and weak. If you are worried about being spoofed, address it at layer-7. I wouldn't let spoofing concerns drive my choice of layer-3 protocol.
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What is a major social problem?

Any software that's used in such a way that more than one person is impacted by its use, has a social impact, and possibly solves a social problem (or could cause one).

When the chief of the tribe only had 30 people in his tribe, it was easy to keep tabs on them all. Nowadays, a tribe chief has on the order of 300 million peoples to keep tabs on, not counting the other tribes. Then software such as PRISM solves the social problem of helping the tribe chief keep tabs on his people.
What is with the huge irrelevant quotes?
I've also seen a long-term upward adoption trend for Square in small businesses in my area. Some of these are at their first-time accepting credit cards, especially at local farmer's markets where Square's adoption has increased from a fringe payments player to near ubiquity (>90%) over the past three to four years. It's also been interesting to see an increasing trend in businesses switching to Square from traditional wired or wireless credit card systems.

Every time I hear that Square isn't doing well financially, my heart sinks a bit. From my experience, it seems that they're nailing an underserved market and greatly improving the experience for these small businesses and their customers.
"All the evidence suggests that communication between people by whatever means, far from simply accomplishing its purpose, invariably breeds the need for more.)"

hmmmmn...ya think?
Yes, I came here to say the same thing.
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I always thought it standed for
Pretty Hellish of a Programming language.
I live in the Western US - it isn't very prevalent here. I suspect it's more common in NYC, where this supposed analysis took place.