skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The paper, which is open access and worth reading (skip to the discussion at the end if a layperson).

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2014.04.014

The more interesting part of this to my eyes was the material difference between 24 hour and 72 hour fasting in human chemotherapy patients, in that the former didn't do anything to the measure of immune cell populations and the latter did. Intermittent fasting is nowhere near as well studied as calorie restriction at this point in time, so it is interesting to see these mechanisms emerge.

Now this is chemotherapy immune suppression, not aging immune dysregulation. I'll be mildly surprised to see the exact same result in people with age-damaged immune systems, as the character of the damage is very different. The animal results for aging rather than chemotherapy here are intriguing but that's all. There's still a lot of work to be done to arrive at the level of comfort with this effect that exists for other aspects of calorie restriction or intermittent fasting.

But given that (a) obtaining human data on fasting and immune cell population in old people is a comparatively low cost study to put together, and (b) the group involved here seems to have a good flow of funding to study intermittent fasting in a broader context, I'd expect to see that data emerge at some point in the next few years.
>Given that the employees are so crucial in building the product that is sold, why is it so uncommon for significant proceeds from M&As to go to employees rather than founders?

It's based on the concept of "ownership." The founders literally own the company. The windfall from selling the company by definition, goes to the owners. That's how it works.

I "own" a car. The mechanic at the shop is the one doing all the grease work of changing the oil and spark plugs etc. But when I sell the car, I (the owner) get the money and not the mechanic. Even though one can argue that the mechanic is the one most responsible for keeping my car running in good enough condition to sell later, I'm still the one who owns the car. The mechanic gets his payment via service fees he charges me. The mechanic getting sweaty and dirty does not grant any ownership of my car. Ownership grants ownership. Substitute car with company. (Presumably, more mechanics happen to own their own cars which makes "ownership" of cars and its ownership benefits much more obvious to the layperson than ownership of companies.)

So, to translate your question in the most direct way, you're asking "why do owners get rewards of M&A but non-owners (such as employees) do not?" If you think of it that way, the question answers itself. It's tautology.

But your question-behind-the-question could then be, "well, why don't the employees get part ownership?" ... and the answer is, they sometimes do! One way is for the "employee" to start their own company. (S Wozniak leaves HP, and S. Jobs doesn't stay with Atari.) The other way is for other owners to grant partial ownership through stock shares (equity). This financial arrangement is almost always a tradeoff because the founder can't afford to pay market rate of full salary. Partial ownership for employees is the dangling carrot compensating for uncompetitive wages. Since established companies like Google Inc and Apple Inc offer competitive wages, they don't need to give new employees partial-ownership of any significant amount.
X-Men: Days of Future Past, Explained in Mercurial Evolve
Agree with your comment and almost all replies here. I'd love to switch to Git just because of Github but the UI is holding me back. Tried Git for a few months, switched to Hg & found it a lot more easy. I just don't like the swiss army knife approach of Git.
This is possibly the best language writeup I have seen in years, if ever. Congratulations, sir!
George R.R. Martin uses WordStar, a DOS-based word processor
well it closes ...
That's without parallelisation. There is a slowdown when building OCaml projects with a lot of packages, but this is being fixed with some build system improvements (removing the need for ocamlfind on every compiler invocation, switching from camlp4 to ppx extensions, and using the native code compiler instead of a bytecode one). It only affects large projects though, as most of the time you just modify a few files and do an incremental build.
Visualization in near future
All the world wonders on Google Streetview
Hah, my instinct is the opposite. To me it invokes a racketeer - somebody who has carved out a business niche for themselves by creating problems to solve instead of finding them.
Improving redis ZUNIONSTORE by orders of magnitudes.
Can you expound a bit?

How can you correlate directly NPS and using TDD? Maybe it is that, for example, the new management/mindset/etc. that moved the dev team to TDD also moved the customer support team to be more responsive, and that's what increased your NPS.

TDD reducing critical bugs hitting prod or stuff like that, I can understand - but NPS seems a bit odd.
If love to quit if I had another way to keep in touch so easily with friends around the world. :(

It's hard when I have lived in three continents and while I could go back to an era when we got by with phone calls and the occasional letter, I really think my life would be poorer if I do that.
Facebook Moving To An IPv6-Only Internal Network
That's the point, if you know it's coming you'll adjust your lifestyle to have enough OR you'll negotiate a bigger salary from the get go to compensate for planned down time.
It's a really bad idea if nothing else. It's assuming I'm attempting to close the tab every time my pointer leaves the document container, even if I'm just mousing up to click on an add-on.

I will personally blacklist any site that uses interactive features like this.
Middle mouse clicking to open the link in a new tab and then clicking on the tab to change to it fires the event. Not that useful in my opinion.
> Yes, ISP customers are paying for access but the business reality is that the ARPU per subscriber is decreasing every year at a rate lower than additional subscriber acquisition can sate.

ARPU is going up while Verizon's bandwidth costs are going down (peer with Netflix/Google/YouTube/Facebook and a huge chunk of your traffic is taken care of).

http://newscenter.verizon.com/corporate/news-articles/2013/0...

"FiOS revenues grew 14.7 percent, to $2.7 billion in second-quarter 2013, compared with $2.4 billion in second-quarter 2012."

vs.

"Verizon added 161,000 net new FiOS Internet connections and 140,000 net new FiOS Video connections in second-quarter 2013. Verizon had a total of 5.8 million FiOS Internet and 5.0 million FiOS Video connections at the end of the quarter, representing year-over-year increases of 12.2 percent and 12.6 percent, respectively."

(Revenue growing faster than new customer growth and a very high ARPU.)
That was really informative! I have always wondered what makes those phrases special, and how you're supposed to distinguish them from just the letters in the same sequence. (I knew little about morse code other than the crude letter-to-dit conversion, not about how to enunciate it.)

The idea that it's actually one large, composite letter makes a lot of sense (just like certain letter sequences in strings like \n or \0).
Hi, I enjoyed the article - just a simple question really.

When you pitched your first bootstrapped project for Ycombinator - did you have a team? Have you still got your original pitch? Thank you
> It's peace in Europe and Asia too. What do you think the political situation would be vis-a-vis U.K. versus Germany versus France or Japan versus China

Hmmm, no, this is flat-out wrong.

You've clearly never been in UK, Germany, or France, and yet, you think you have precise insight of the politics of those countries and the world.

The most terrible thing is the inesorable logic of how people develop this sort of thoughts, through growing up in cultural closeness, put together with exposure to militaristic propaganda (note that it's a general remark, not referred specifically to US).
The problem with this is that now Mojang is paying the developers, where as before (as it is now), the players who got enjoyment out of it are paying the developers of those plugins.

Seems like doing it that way would just take more cash out of Mojang's coffers.
Founders owning the majority of the business is not a uniquely Silicon Valley phenomenon.
Ah, was that not Larry Wall moments before inventing a language intended to parse bashing one's head against the keyboard?
Crashes Firefox on OSX.
Honestly I'm not sure, I haven't used Solr. I was just comparing it to the relational databases I've used, key-value stores like Cassandra, and other documents stores like Mongo. It definitely doesn't replace relational stores, but IMO blows all of the other NoSQL data stores out of the water. The Lucene indexing behind the scenes just really delivers some impressive functionality.
There's several JSON formatter packages that can be installed via Package Control: cmd + shift + P, select "install package", then search for "json". I'm not sure which one I have installed, but doing cmd + shift + P in a proper context and typing "json" should give you an option for "Indent JSON" or similar.

Otherwise, there's always sites like http://pro.jsonlint.com/
There are two conflicting call to actions on top of each other (app store & scroll)

You don't have to have lots of scroll to communicate your message.

See these examples for inspiration:

- https://www.chownow.com

- http://theweathertron.com

- http://human.co

- http://www.everest.com
http://xkcd.com/386.

Seriously, though, nobody likes it when someone claims to speak for them but is really espousing his or her own views. People on HN have a real problem taking up the mantle of speaking for the public at large, when in reality they're often espousing quite minority views.
Whatever broke the kids, it's fairly predictable that Common Core will break them more.

Hey, let's do a probability problem? How many teachers will turn this lesson on it's head as this teacher did transforming it from something useless to students and painful to teacher? My guess is somewhere south of 1%. In the spirit of the true lesson here, I welcome well-supported alternate guesses.

Centrally directed (er, suggested) curriculum will, I predict, relieve teachers from their responsibility to get results. How can you fault the teacher in the next classroom for not having had a meltdown and simply suffering the through the banality of the exercise as formulated by elite geniuses who have surely figured out the ideal pedagogy.
Now helps me with traffic.

If I was into any of the big American sports I think it would be cool. Alas, my interest is in Formula 1 and Rugby Union, neither of which have any coverage in Now.

Also, because I tend to not watch either of these sports live, I suspect that Now would just spoilerize my interests anyway.
> This is (kind of) one of the reasons that I don't use third party services to sign in to anything

When you say "this", what are you referring to?

I can see not wanting one company to always know when you're logging into other companies (hence the lure of Persona), but this particular situation (you can no longer use third-party authentication after eight years or whatever and must now use first-party authentication) doesn't seem like a reason at all.
Almost impossible in an automated fashion.

You can extract all of the data but it's very hard to know what links are supposed to do, how pieces of content should be presented, etc.
That was the truest part of the story! If anything, he should have played up the "thud" at the end.

We ran Matasano for ~7 years before talking to acquirers. At the low points, when the stress was making me continually nauseous, I remember staring out my back window into the yard daydreaming about what it would be like to tell Erin we were selling and the stress was over. When it actually happened, it was the most anticlimactic thing ever. I flew to NYC to sign a zillion documents in a law office. We announced to the team. I went to the airport around 2PM to fly back to Chicago, but a storm took out my flight, so I ended up alone and exhausted at the airport Marriott, eating the worst chicken caesar ever and watching reruns.

The most euphoric part of the whole experience happened ~4 weeks before closing, when the deal was still pretty uncertain, sitting across the table at a sushi place in Rogers Park with Erin talking about what we might do with our kitchen if we actually had some free cash to spend. All the dopamine release happened when the sale was still hypothetical!

Our story hit Facebook too, and I got a flood of comments, but I felt stupid responding to them; so many of my Fb connections aren't technical, it just seemed like, "who cares?".
If I use an IPv6 gateway, does that mean what I think it does: all my traffic is going through their network?
Well it is not like they are responsible for their own country.
Yes and they get a salary for this like they would at any other company.

If they take on a below market salary and or additional risk exposure in join a startup they should negotiate a package (be it options or otherwise) that adjusts for that.

Obviously you can argue that employees are in a weak negotiating position; but largely the tech sector in major hubs is skewed in favour of employees with a significant range of employers (run from tech giants to new startups). If a particular company isn't willing to offer a compensation package that satisfies you then there are countless other potential employers.

(and you can obviously start your own company as well)
My mom, having grown up in rural Utah where she got married at 17 and never thought about going to college, had similar reactions to my educational ambitions growing up.

When I was 15, I sent an application to a prestigious summer program at Phillips Andover Academy. When I didn't hear back after a couple weeks and started to get worried (I had no idea how long applications took to process), my mom said "I didn't think you were going to get in anyway, it's alright." (I received an acceptance letter a couple weeks after that)

Similarly, we were watching Mona Lisa Smile, and I said "Oh, I think I got a brochure from Wellesley." Her immediate response was "No you didn't" I ran up to get the brochure, and she just said "Whoa, that's really weird."

She wasn't being mean, she just had a very clear distinction between "things we do" and "things other people do." It just wasn't possible, in her mind, to cross that boundary. There was just no thought in her mind that someone _she_ gave birth do could go to places or do things she only saw on TV. She wasn't trying to discourage me -- she always wanted the best for me, but there were still some things that she wasn't capable of imagining possible. If she wasn't capable of imagining that these things were possible, the best course of action was to let me down gently.

Having talked to peers with similar backgrounds, I think this is an extremely common phenomenon, and one that holds a lot of potentially-successful people back, before they ever realize they're being held back.
We're spinning up a few more build servers. Build times should get back to <1 minute in a bit.
I don't think it's either of the above, honestly. "The majority of risk" take is more of a rationalization about why it's ok for founders to get the bulk of the proceeds. "The unequal terms of silicon valley" is the flip side to that. Neither actually explains why this happens, because it's relatively mundane.

Founders hold the majority of the stock because they "created" the corporation. When it's time to hire employees, presumably they have some money as well. If a company wants to hire someone, they offer some combination of benefits, equity, and salary that the new employee finds reasonably compelling. Early employees at startups are typically (1) engineers and (2) relatively inexperienced, thus they don't negotiate very large compensation packages.

Employees are making the implicit decision to favor salary and a more certain (not very much more certain) over a disproportionate amount of equity. For every startup that actually hires multiple employees, there are probably 10 more where the equity is worthless.
That's the nature of CloudFlare.
HEY THAT'S GREAT! CAN YOU ADD A BLINKING SCROLL TO THE POPUP AND A DANCING MONKEY THAT SAYS "CLICK TO WIN!!!!!"?
This Startup Cracked a $2.4 Billion Market with Branding – Here’s Their Formula
That would be sort of a specialized version of the Forer effect: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forer_effect
one of the stupidest things ever, this is a direct violation of user experience etiquette,
not only does it function very badly, and does not trigger on keyboard shortcuts, it is a purely annoying and anti user function
I tried this 3 times and didn't realize why it wasn't working until I realized it's not influenced by the keyboard shortcut...
> to create business logic where there already exists a generally accepted architecture.

I TDD'd for almost 3 years using Rails and this sounds pretty accurate. TDD pushes back on you a lot more when you have no clear underlying and preexisting architecture.
I'd prefer a BitTorrent link.
There is always Wikipedia:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immune_system

I'm not familiar with what is out there as far as materials, but I would speculate that beyond that to get an overview you would end up looking at a medical textbook (with shorter treatments being more specific).
"In a small number of countries the law dictates that specific agencies and authorities must have direct access to an operator's network, bypassing any form of operational control over lawful interception on the part of the operator,"

Or in other words, what Greenwald and Snowden claimed PRISM did. I say "claimed" since PRISM doesn't actually do this.

Also the article specifically noted that the U.S. was not one of the 6, since Vodafone doesn't operate there. So that leaves Europe and the rest of the world...
Why not keep the account but only use it if someone messages you or requests to be a friend? To me that's the useful part of Facebook. The news feed is just nonsense.
It doesn't have to be binary. Just use it less if you don't want to. Use it more if you want to.
So in a symbiotic bacteria/fungi/plant ecosystem, I can understand why CO2, H2O, and O2 might be able to remain in balance. But decomposition produces not only CO2, but CO, CH4, nitrate chemistry... I have trouble understanding why this cycle isn't at least a little bit leaky, since it seems like some of the trace gasses wouldn't automatically have all of the biological, solar, and marine sinks available in nature. I would be interested to know how the internal pressure of this experiment fluctuates due to phase transitions, especially chemical reactions which could potentially produce phase transitions that are not thermally or biologically reversible in the vicinity of STP.
From the Vodafone report [0], UK section:

> Section 19 of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 prohibits disclosing the existence of any lawful interception warrant and the existence of any requirement to provide assistance in relation to a warrant. This duty of secrecy extends to all matters relating to warranted lawful interception. Data relating to lawful interception warrants cannot be published. Accordingly, to publish aggregate statistics would be to disclose the existence of one or more lawful interception warrants.

This makes it pretty clear the UK prohibits disclosure. Sorry.

[0] http://www.vodafone.com/content/sustainabilityreport/2014/in...

edit: I think you can safely assume your phone calls are being monitored no matter what country you are in or who your phone company is.
Thanks. Far from not having scrolled far enough, I was actually responding directly to several points in that section, starting with the suggestion that people who say "non-blocking", "super concurrency", and "evented" may not understand what they're saying. I was also responding to your point that Node wasn't the first runtime to do so.

Yes, other environments have compelling concurrency models. As for control flow: it doesn't matter much to me whether the control flow abstraction is built into the language or merely a ubiquitous construct in the code I use. (In fact, that's a tradeoff, too: I like that I can go inspect, modify, and extend these non-primitives easily, and I've done so to add better observability.) The Go example is interesting, but less explicit -- that, too, is a tradeoff. It's all tradeoffs; to pretend like one thing is strictly worse (or better) than all others is not founded.
>Founders hold the majority of the stock because they shoulder the majority of the risk in the early days

The investors shoulder the majority of the risk.
I deleted my facebook account when I started looking for jobs during grad school (trying to cut down on my "searchability footprint"). I've barely noticed its absence. Post a message with your e-mail and GPG key or whatever for a week before you delete your facebook so people can get in touch with you I suppose, but I recommend it.
As a refugee displaced by the Great VCS Wars, I certainly agree. Bazaar's command line interface was the thing that made me initially lean towards it rather than git.
One secret tip to increased productivity, tomorrow.
geo targeting seems to be another area of fail for ipv6. Had to disable it for netflix in UK when I was using a tunnel as it thought I was in the US so would not stream. Now I have native it might be better not sure.
My old college roommate just took his startup public. It now has a market cap of 2.81B. My childhood friend teaches a medical device class at Stanford and has been a part of several successful startups. They're both doing quite well for themselves, according to some metrics.

But in the end, I don't think you can't let this stuff drive you. Gotta live your own life the way you think is right according to how you measure success. And success metrics bound to external factors tend to sap happiness in the end rather than drive it.
The second "code" should have been "tests" ;) Edited
The used car buying and selling process is broken and we are going to fix it
300MM is well inside brute force range for even a single CPU (as noted in the article, md5 is cheap!). One issue is figuring out which IPv4 address you wish to impersonate; sites don't give that information out so readily in 4chan's case, the IPv4 address only ends up in user-facing information as poster IDs, which are themselves hashes of the IPv4 address and (I assume) some thread-specific salt. For these poster IDs, I've never checked if a cookie is involved, but that could also be the case, and would make this attack a bit harder; that said, it is quite feasible to obtain the target's IPv6 address through other means.

I think what might be kind on Cloudflare's side is to add a secret domain-specific salt to this md5 hash, but I'm by no means a crypto person.

(edit) eastdakota and billpg below both pointed out that to carry out an impersonation would require connecting to Cloudflare with the correct IPv6 address. This is probably the biggest hurdle, so feel free to ignore what I wrote above.