skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Don't forget that the US extensively supplied the Soviets and other allies for some time before officially entering the war. They mostly used their own weapons, but a huge amount of Soviet logistical support was American trucks and trains.

As for the disparity in GDP, an order of magnitude is a bit of an exaggeration for Germany, only slightly for Japan at the beginning of the war and not at all by the end. Wikipedia has figures:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_production_during_Worl...

The US's advantage in the long term became enormous because it was so far removed from the fighting. Germany and Japan's economies were mostly flat, while the US's nearly doubled in that time period. By the end of the war, the economic disparity was almost 5x over Germany and over 10x for Japan. Even in 1941, the disparity between the US and Japan was well over 5x, which makes one wonder WTF they were thinking.
The UI or the concept?
You're right. It's a bit like evolution. The overwhelming majority of mutations led nowhere but we absolutely relied on the tiny few that got us to where we are today. That said, people who can't truly relax and daydream (most people I think) are never going to get started. And children who are made to sit still in school can't think so well.
You know what I mean: it's a solved problem to transfer your addressbook or contact list to a new service.
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I think the commenter may have referred to the video, in which there's a lot of stutter. I found this distracting as well, since it made it difficult to see just how interactive (or immediate, for the semantically inclined) the programming really was. That said, I think this is great work, and the screencast is otherwise doing a great job getting your points across. I disagree with other comments saying there's too much coding, and copy/pasta would've been better; I feel the balance was just right. Thanks for sharing this with the world!
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BEFORE YOU DO ANYTHING WATCH THIS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Telecom companies do the same stuff as far as pushing the limits of the law and they are pretty universally reviled. Apple is successful because it provides things to people that they really want and like.
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I agree that programming is amazing, but only when you're building something that you personally want and have the freedom to do it the way you want to.

Most "real-world" programming is actually pretty lousy.
Show HN: GroupMemail, email notification and response for GroupMe
Amusing that you bring up engines which do require break in. A brand new motor operates less efficiently producing both less horsepower and less fuel efficent than a broken in motor.

"In general, people no longer break in the engines of their own vehicles after purchasing a car or motorcycle, because the process is done in production."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Break-in_(mechanical_run-in)#En...

Anyways there is very little dispute that headphones sound different off the shelf compared to having been used for a significant amount of time. People dispute if those changes are noticeable or not, but few dispute that the sound signature changes.

Anyways you have brought forth no evidence to support your claim, while dismissing evidence against you opinion as non-conclusive. At the least you might want to be less dismissive and silly with your analogies.
On average, people that don't know much about software development, but want to make software, will do it using a language that has a lower cost to entry. For all the elegance and purity of a language like Haskell, it seems to be completely overwhelming for most beginners.

Not all software is created by such people, but I think it explains quite a bit.
To give some more context, 'persistent data structures' is a standard term in the literature.

The use of efficient persistent maps in Clojure, and the fact Rich Hickey explains that in most of the early Clojure introductory talks, has popularised it outside of academia.
And every time there's an article about Steve Jobs someone posts this comment as if they are the first/only person to think of it. It came up many times at the time they passed.

It's obvious why Steve Jobs gets more mainstream attention; he was the face of a company that has a daily presence in millions of people's lives.

Dennis Ritchie and John McCarthy are not known for the same reason that Georges Friedel (or anyone else involved in the development of LCDs) is not known. Poeple aren't interested in engineers, and engineers aren't usually interested in being public figures.

The list of engineers and scientists whose contributions were absolutely fundamental and necessary to the existence of an iPhone is literally thousands of people. Do you really expect everyone to know all these names? No.

You know Ritchie and McCarthy because you are interested in programming and UNIX. A chemical engineer would know someone else that you don't know. Your knowledge is not superior to someone else's. It's what you're interested in vs. what they are interested in.

Come on, this is obvious. Why do otherwise smart people think this is a good question?
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I understand the critique being made, but this seems like a slightly outdated view of Haskell. There is quite a bit of software being written in Haskell these days. One project that got some press recently is a long existing project that recently went open source, Cryptol [0].

While lots of projects in Hasekll continue to be libraries written for Haskell, there are also lots of languages using Haskell for their implementation language. Browse the GitHub trending repositories listing for Haskell [1] for an idea of what is being done with it.

[0] http://cryptol.net/

[1] https://github.com/trending?l=haskell
How I describe programming to non-programmers:

Imagine you have a set of mentally handicapped employees. They are capable of following instructions perfectly every time, but are completely unable to intuit how to do something without very explicit instructions. That is, they don't know how to scramble eggs without explicitly stating every single minute step (including how to get an egg from the carton (in different positions every time!), what to do if the carton is empty, how to order more cartons of eggs, how to identify spoiled eggs, etc).

Now imagine that you are using these employees to staff a restaurant. You have to write detailed, explicit instructions in a way which will give you a constantly working restaurant given that the customers, stock, and equipment will change parameters minute over minute, day after day.

Now, imagine expanding your restaurant into a chain. How will the programming have to change to work in a building with a different configuration? With different operational hours? With different recipies?

Now, imagine your boss wants to change the menu slightly EVERY BLOODY DAY!

That is what we do.
> Why did you pick an example that does not use DNSSEC?

Because I'm trying to illustrate how much additional security you might or might not get if you added DNSSEC, especially with regards to government entities.
A salesman needs a product to sale. For a product to exist, the foundation has to be in place. The guys who laid the foundation need to be in order for the foundation to be in place.

A salesman is just that - a salesman.
> Will the NYT write an article about Ritchie or McCarthy?

You mean like these ones?

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/14/technology/dennis-ritchie-...

http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/26/science/26mccarthy.html
The point is that Steve Jobs, just as the rest of us, was standing on the shoulders of giants. So why then do we obsess over him and not others? Why is he any more important than Dennis Ritchie?
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Thing is, though, I don't think Clapper would fit into this slot. Unlike other examples, he testified, the only problem is that he lied in it.

Our Founding Fathers were very careful to separate executive and legislative powers, very much different and in reaction to the Westminster parliamentary system they had after all rebelled against. So I don't see the Congress having the power to go beyond jailing someone to force them to testify (their being the nation's Grand Inquisitor is part of our small 'c' constitution if not explicitly in the written one).

If you want to see Clapper clapped in irons, elect a non-Democratic Party President with a spine, and hope he doesn't get a pardon before then.
I don't know if they existed at design time, but hydraulic fuses could have prevented draining of all the fluid. That makes the design take longer, increases weight, introduces new scenarios such as the fuse activating when it shouldn't, increases cost, and increases maintenance & parts (cost of ownership).

As with these matters there is no one true correct answer, but rather a very complicated set of tradeoffs and probability estimates. In hindsight it is easy to see designs as defective, but they could all be done in good faith.
Designers are going to be the next victims of the insatiable rise of AI. WOW.
I'm not a big fan of Fedora's toxic adoption of shitty technology, but it would be unfair to lay a lot of blame on Fedora for this. You aren't forced to use DNSSEC, it's just going to use DNSSEC if a domain is set up to use it. The people to blame for the adoption of DNSSEC are the asshats that try to push it as a solution for all our problems, or mandate it across organizations.

Where Fedora does have blame is the extensive weasel language they use to pretend DNSSEC is the only solution for providing "trust". DNSCurve doesn't exist according to Fedora.
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That's not quite right. All immutable data structures are persistent, but not all persistent data structures strictly use immutability.

Immutability is a common way of achieving persistence, but fundamentally a persistent data structure simply preserves previous versions. This can be achieved through some mutability via things like fat nodes[1].

It turns out that when you use immutability, many other nice properties often fall out from that decision. You can absolutely insert and delete into an immutable data structure though. You'll simply get back a new structure.

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent_data_structure#Fat_N...
A bit off-topic (sorry) but the recent decision to allow ANSSI FRP256v1 in libressl worries me:

http://opensslrampage.org/post/84442190366/add-support-for-t...

I get that logic in the post, but there are concerns that FRP256v1 was weakened in the standard similarly to the FIPS curves. So I'm not sure that is good reasoning. Also I am unsure if the libressl/openssl implementation has good small subgroup attack defenses even.
> consensus among HN readers is not always sufficient to judge

No question that's true. I'm painfully aware of it.

Moderating the front page is a guessing game. We're not experts in everything (or, if it comes to that, anything), so we guess wrong. But we always welcome correction.

If we thought the article was false, we would have buried it. The reason we penalized it was rather because it spent several hours getting upvoted in part (I surmise) because of the sensationalism of the original article, which is mostly what people were complaining about. We put a moderate penalty on the article as a way of rebalancing that, and also because several other things about this article seem (<-- that's another guess) a bit below the usual standard.

If this is wrong, I'm happy to reverse the decision.
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Also check out http://iss.astroviewer.net to figure see what the ISS is currently over.
Yes, you missed the last sentence of the comment.
If your upper limit's a little flexible, you might consider the Sennheiser HD558, which usually retails around $150; I've had mine for some months, and it is my considered opinion that they're the best headphone to be had under $300.

In particular, they make the MDR-7506 look bloated in the lows and weak in the mids and highs; I once compared the two headphones with a Karajan/Berlin Philharmonic recording of Tchaikovsky's overture '1812', and it wasn't even a contest -- the 7506 rendered the final crescendo so badly, with the cannon fire so thoroughly overwhelming the entire rest of the orchestra, that I couldn't even stand to listen to all of it.

As with almost all Sennheiser products, the HD558s are as neutral as possible (modulo the odd bit of foam, so I gather), and that's not for everyone; I listen mostly to music from the common practice era, so neutrality suits me well, but more modern music probably wants a more forgiving headphone -- listen to new pop masters in a set of "warts and all" cans, and you're going to hear a lot of warts. In any case, if you can make the opportunity to try out the HD558s before you make your choice, I think it's well worth your while so to do.
Yes, that's right, let's mock people for typos in code that was never really intended for public consumption. I'm sure that will make them want to release more of it in the future.
Responding to the article's first two paragraphs: I'm about to state a controversial opinion, in the sense that I can't verify it formally. But through my work, volunteering and social interactions, I am slowly believing in it more and more (and I'd love to hear counter-arguments to it).

I think the reason why the average citizen has no idea of what programming entails, by contrast to a doctor or a lawyer or a fireman etc., is that programming mainly involves abstract reasoning to a level which most adult people simply can't grasp. Not because of their intellectual capacities, but because it's never been properly fostered or developed through their education.

A fireman puts out fires and assists in emergencies, a teacher teaches a classroom of students, a salesman tries to sell whatever he's selling - all those professions have a fairly obvious mapping to the outcomes they produce.

But programmers are much harder to intuit: on one end of the chain you have guys wearing tee shirts and flip flops sitting in front of their computer all day wearing headphones; on the other end you get websites and iPhone apps and GPS software (and those are only the things with which the average citizen is familiar). Understanding the link between the workers and the outcomes they produce requires some familiarity with the symbolic manipulation that's involved. Given this, it's fairly understandable why if one weren't familiar with this process, it'd seem reasonable that a computer programmer could just as easily stop nuclear terrorists or put a curse on their enemies with 3 keystrokes.

Abstract and logical reasoning are crucially missing in the modern education we give to our kids (witness the way math is now taught in the US, in ways that make mathematics become some kind of weird automatisms, stripping them away from everything that makes mathematics, mathematics). Repeat this over years and years, permeate the culture with it, and you get citizens who not only don't get this entire world of symbolic reasoning, but also for whom bridging that gap has become near impossible.

I've actually gotten in great conversations with the non-scientific type at house parties, conveying basic computing and logical reasoning concepts. I once met a girl who was a textiles worker - we got in a great conversation about Jacquard looms, which she had studied in college - and from there I was able to get her to play with the ideas that lead to computation and all that fun stuff.

What would be cool is a TV show which would do to computing what Cosmos did/does to science (I have non-scientific friends who deeply resonated with the new Cosmos and loved it, and the ideas it presented, pushing them to seek more). I wonder who we should pick for our Carl Sagan/Neil deGrasse Tyson.
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There are some examples here: http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Haskell_in_industry
From what I understand Kloudless is an API proxy to access several competing cloud storage platforms. Most of the time will choose one over another, so why use Kloudless instead of accessing the underlying API directly?
I did the same thing with FB a while back, someone made a similar comment, and my FB holdings are now up 150% in aggregate ;)
Much as I dislike it, not everyone uses 'array' to mean a collection with constant time indexing. Lots of people use it to mean an indexable collection.

The 'constant' vs. 'almost constant' has been covered by other comments.
Ha! I, too, loved Excel deeply, though Google spreadsheets finally won me over a few years ago.

Most users we spoke to swear that they'll move off Excel eventually, but still want an Excel add-in today. It was a tough product decision to prioritize a platform that people seem want to stop using, but continues to be so entrenched.

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> Can someone who's actually done the foam mod give me an idea of whether the result is worth the risk?

I'd be more interested in a carefully controlled double blind trial.

I suspect most people would not be able to tell the difference between modfied and unmodified headphones, and that is before making adjustments for the terrible source quality of most people's MP3 collections.
Frequently there will be many different ways to solve or architect a problem in Haskell, for better or worse depending on your viewpoint. Personally I think it it is better.

But anyways, another option would be to make a type for your list which wraps each possible element, then you can just pattern match on the ADT.

Also slightly concerned that this has language targeting beginners with almost 0 Haskell knowledge: I am not sure quick anecdotes like this will do more to help than confuse complete beginners.

I still think those interested should start with LYAH which does a good job giving enough context with the flurry of new things to learn.

I suppose it's inevitable if haskell gets more popular there will be more posts like this (which i like) but I'm not sure if its the right way to onboard newcomers.
You start where, to a native speaker, you might not even get what the word means - because u and ü are not nitpicking, but different letters.

Let's take the example of "fordern" vs "fördern" - nothing in common, the former means "to demand" and the latter means "to promote/boost/foster".
I think the Lego analogy is correct only if you remind people of just how many Lego are needed to build even a decently sized application. Assuming one line of code equals 3 or 4 lego pieces eg. x = func(y), then a decently sized application would require 100,000 Lego pieces.
Tesla Motors faces $89,000 in fines for incident
On the TODO. The views are very lacking at this point. Thanks.
> Njong was able to identify key facts in the letter unprompted such as it's mention of Samuel Eto'o, a professional soccer player on English premiere league team Chelsea, who like Njong is from Cameroon in West Africa.
Not sure if intentional but they left a couple of private keys in here: https://github.com/nasa/CoECI-CMS-Healthcare-Fraud-Preventio...
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Physics students devise concept for Star Wars-style deflector shields
But could he transgress the boundaries?
The answer is "N/A." The .ly tld is not signed so DNSSEC could never attest to the authenticity of the A record for bit.ly.

In order for this to be a useful exercise you should structure the question in such a way that there is as much potential for government interference as possible. (Unless you are looking for a specific answer and you are trying to lead the respondent.) Government interference with DNSSEC is not limited to the `.` zone. Or put another way, DNSSEC's attack surface area is not limited to the sacred KSK.
By that logic, why is Dennis Ritchie any more important than Steve Jobs?
I'm getting tired of reading:

> This is why we hear that Haskell reprise if it compiles, it works.

If this were true then functions would not need bodies, you would just define their signatures and move on with life.

The truth is that even with its superb type system, Haskell still needs to run your code. Your code might be statically correct but its runtime is up to you.

I would prefer it if people rephrased this claim like "If it compiles in Haskell, it's more likely to run than if it compiles in Java".

More honest.
What makes it unsafe? The worst you can do is cause your program to panic (which you can recover).
Say Hello to element 117 on the periodic table
This could also be a nice alternative way to create a liquid fuel from nuclear energy.
1Password v4.4 MacOS X
Well, JS is used because it's the only way to run code on a client system.

If there were a byte-code available you can bet people would be using other languages. ASM.js exists, and many languages compile to js at the moment.

As for PHP, lots of people still eat at McDonalds. I can't explain why.
FYI: The latest versions of Adblock Plus and Adblock Edge yield to Firefox during startup. Which, it seems, prevents them from having loaded all of their rules by the time Firefox begins to process requests. IOW, they don't block everything they should when Firefox first starts up.
The point is that the proposal now is pretty much identical with what Scala people wanted in the first place.

The single-field restriction is there because there are limits in how aggressive one can fight a non-cooperating runtime, not because it was their principled choice.