skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It's unfortunate that they have chosen an interpretation base on any current or future need. That wildcard approach means that pretty much everything qualifies.

The law should restrict things to "any current specific known need". Need should be singular and said need must be related to a specific issue or case already under investigation or surveillance. Any language more loose than that leaves open far too much room for interpretation.

They should literally maintain a list of targets they want to infiltrate and that list of targets needs to be open to being audited at some point in the future shortly after the related mission for a target is complete. They should not be allow to apply the vulnerability to any new target identified after the date upon which vulnerability was discovered. These countermeasures would go a long way to prevent abuse since they can't now look at it as a weapon in their arsenal to exploit as they see fit for any future mission.
> But I should note that memory safety without garbage collection is just hard: it requires the entire language design to be balanced on a delicate precipice.

I was thinking about this recently and I think a large part of the problem is that C arrays are too weakly typed. Array should be a different type than pointer and they shouldn't be convertible. In particular, you shouldn't be able to subscript a pointer, and the in-memory representation of an array should begin with its length. At that point the compiler can include a runtime bounds check for every array access that it can't prove is safe at compile time.
This will probably happen eventually for lower end places. Middle and higher end places I suspect already rely on service staff to differentiate themselves. Either by being friendly, helpful, and knowledgable, or by being a draw for other reasons. I'm sure you can think of at least one restaurant in your area renowned for it's young, attractive, flirty female staff. People who dine out are often doing so for a chance to socialize a bit... talk about wine with a knowledgable waiter, etc. not just dink around on an iPad.
This is something that concerns me greatly... does our high standard of living require others to be miserable to maintain?
>First the amounts won't end up nice and round at particular hot button price points

Why? The price is designed to end up that way, if people will have to add 15% on every item they will modify their cost structure.

>airline tickets
yes if I want to add a service I pay, but in a restaurant I don't have the option to be served without the waiter, so it's not fair to the consumer that has the right to know how much he has to pay when he orders something.

When a book a ticket the full price is displayed before I make the purchase, not after I used the service.

Also for the waiter lobster and champagne require the same effort of soup and tap water, so it's not like adding a language of 15 or 20 kg.
Mixing politics and business is a bad mix - very little success comes out of that.

Business is business and a cup of tea is a cup of tea!
That's because railways lines in the US are over 100 years old and France's TGV runs on dedicated tracks and right of ways.
Btw shootout to SB. I was born/grew up in Saarland too. Small world!
http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/mathematics/ find a course(s) that covers what you're looking for, write a blog and call it Structural Interpretation Of Undergrad Math and pick the book chapters and lectures that go into depth like SICP does (:
> Clapper knowingly permitted himself to be in a situation where his only options were to break one of two laws.

That makes no sense whatsoever. One does not simply refuse to show up to testify to Congress! I mean, if you want to talk about things which are disastrous for a democracy, having the Executive routinely ignore their responsibility to testify on their actions to the Legislature would be right up near the top of the list!

> That still does not change the fact that Clapper is guilty, though.

Of course not, that was the whole idea. If he had told the truth you'd be able to rightly say "That still does not change the fact that Clapper violated his oath, though". There's a reason that he isn't being charged with anything, unlike Helms before him.
Under $8, whatever small change I have... $0.50 or so usually. Often enough, nothing.
After that, approx. 10%.
Maybe a little off topic, but what's the purpose for that? Does it make websites that use google analytics unable to track your visit?
How to force Chrome to check for Certificate Revocation
Munich is ridiculous. Taking the S Bahn to the airport takes and hour and literally stops at tons with barely more than a handful of houses (where also no one seems to get on or off). Waste of time.
I've also learned a lot of things the hard way. You learn more from failure than from success.

After having worked awhile, I'm pretty sure I'm able to tell the difference between people who really know what they're doing and people who are faking it. I've never been in a position to make hiring decisions, so I haven't had a chance to use that skill.
I am quite sympathetic. We oldsters actually expected Modula-2, Obj-C or Ada to take off in the '80s. That didn't happen. The "reentry curve" for them was too steep and they burned up. 'C' didn't. It's the canonical "worse is better."

Turbo Pascal had good market share, but was eclipsed by 'C'. We really did have to squeeze every cycle back then; 'C' was better because you didn't have to do as much raw assembly. The cast of companies was largely established before even Windows; you were more or less encouraged to write TSRs. 40 miles uphill in the snow both ways to school! :)

I expect that the sheer mass of 'C' code out there creates quite a problem for wholesale replacement. So many computer things have been swept away; I doubt Linux is going anywhere. One suspects that the "cockroach" nature of 'C' is why it's still here...

Oberon is still out there; but perhaps the better thing is to simply increase the resources of the OpenSSL community.
If you're interested in security or programming anywhere in the area of TLS, it's worth your time to set up your own CA, issue yourself certificates, figure out how to convince your local browser to accept them, etc.

Had I done that myself properly earlier, I'd have some less heartache in my future.
Yeah it's a small world indeed! Admittedly dedicated tracks are a great thing, but even in Germany where tracks are shared between local trains and ICEs the average travel speed is pretty decent.
You can fix almost any issue in C and use almost any programming paradigm. Some people consider this a bug but I consider it a feature. There is no reason a SSL implementation written in C should be vulnerable to buffer overflow. Since c99's anonymous data allocation it is even possible to have a string plus length struct and a single macro to convert C strings to that structure that can be used in function arguments. It is true that C at best doesn't help correct behavior and sometimes actively encourages incorrect behavior and I think this is a serious issue in the language. However, other languages take a "let me do things right for you" approach that works well as long as your definition of right sufficiently matches the language. But as paradigms come and go it is easy to hit corner cases in such languages while C still works or can be adapted fairly easily, which makes it a good choice for core functionality if not everything.

IMO, C fails at being sufficiently low level to do this as well as it could. I don't think C will ever be replaced by a higher level language; it will be replaced with a lower level language that is better at incorporating static analysis of particular usage patterns into the language. To put it another way: C makes you do a bunch of "extra" work compared to other languages without really helping you do that work; other popular languages I know of try to not make you do that "extra" work, which is often a good thing but not always. A true replacement for C will need to still make you do all the "extra" work but help you make sure that work is correct.

E.g.memory allocation: it is not that manual memory allocation and deallocation is necessarily unreliable, but that there is no single way to make it reliable that works well for all programs. But there is also no way to do automatic memory managment that works well for all programs.

I would never recommend C++, but my sense is that current popularity of C++ might be connected to templates which are flexible and powerful in a different way than C or any other language I know of.

(also C was designed for "minicomputers" not mainframes, so not really all that different from its modern usage)
When the Allies charged prominent Nazis with war crimes, it was because of their specific involvement in such crimes, not just because they had committed the heinous crime of "being an infamous Nazi".
Watch Dogs featuring Nvidia  Technologies
>none of the code involved trading strategies (the really valuable stuff)

Wrong. In HFT, the 'strategies' are the least complex part. They are often dead simple. A well written (fast) exchange connection is at least 70% of the game.

He's a thief and he got caught, but the HN community don't like that narrative.
> 1. Do I want to make unbelievable amounts of money?

It's worth noting Aleynikov had over a decade of very relevant work experience prior to joining Goldman with a starting salary of $260k.

Yes, that's a good salary. However, it's not like top 1% developers with 10+ years of experience will have a tough time matching that outside of the financial sector.
Apparently that's a misquote and it was originally "The plural of anecdote is data." [1]

Of course more data is better.

[1] http://blog.revolutionanalytics.com/2011/04/the-plural-of-an...
Japan is spending a crapload of money building their maglev line between their two biggest cities. How is that being 'no avid users' of them?
I feel like Wirth doesn't get enough credit these days. I have come to really appreciate his writing, especially books like Project Oberon and Compiler Construction. I thought Pascal (and by extension, the Modula languages) was lame when I was younger and full of C-and-Unix machismo, but I came to have a strong appreciation for the design of those languages (especially Modula-3, which wasn't Wirth but derived from his work).
I experienced this at a sushi place in Japan, before iPads or even modern smartphones existed. Each table had a touch screen device where you could browse the hundred our so different pieces. We would select what we wanted and a waiter brought it a couple of minutes later. When we were finished the waiter swiped each stack of empty plates with an RFID scanner to determine the price for each person. One could also order from a regular paper menu or pick plates from a conveyor belt.
As an amateur bread baker, I would love to know more about why industry bakeries do this. Do you have any links?
Interesting the main page http://gcc.gnu.org/ lists 4.9 as the current release as opposed to Development release.
I think there is new for greater awareness about this ... when we enjoy a great product, it's greatness should not at the expense of others ... there is a need to create a great products without damaging the lives of those who make it possible
Should you eliminate blog comments? 
As much I respect Copyblogger and the amazing content he cranks out, no matter how many times I read the post, I can't see the logic behind removing blog comments. I've been following all the posts - both for and against this- that followed. And, I actually aggregated many of the responses here.
Here's what I do to prevent this handling issue, but also reduce toast sweat.

1) Fold a paper towel in half, then in half again (if using the select-a-size style, use two sheets).

2) Wet the paper towel so it is wet, but not dripping.

3) Place the wet paper towel on the bottom of the microwave in the center.

4) Place your plate directly over the paper towel, with the area you will place your toast over the towel.

5) Heat for 45 seconds.

The steam from the paper towel heats the specific area where the toast will sit, but the rest of the plate remains noticeably cooler. You do have to dry the plate with a towel when doing this, but it's relatively simple. Just don't let the water drip on you; it's hot.
That's not how probability works [0]. Say we assume a more realistic 40% success rate figure [1], given Jay's 2 trials:

Probability of 1 success:

(2 choose 1)(0.4^1)(0.6^(2-1)) = 0.48

Probability of 2 successes:

(2 choose 2)(0.4^2)(0.6^(2-2)) = 0.16

0.48 + 0.16 gives us a 64% of at least one of Jay's restaurants succeeding.

So the odds were in fact in his favor.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binomial_distribution#Cumulati...
[1] http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2007-04-16/the-restauran...
What surprises me of the visceral reaction of those who say "why doesn't the restaurant just pay better?" is that by that logic you'd still be paying essentially the same price. It wouldn't actually be cheaper if you were charged for food + good service separately, so why are you getting so inflamed about it?
It seems like the more secure you need your data to be, the worse their password restrictions are. Restrictions such as no special characters, or an arbitrary short length raises a red flag. It says they don't really know what they are doing, and it makes me wonder what else is broken.
I am very curious too. Such drastic improvements often indicates something wrong before (either in design or implementation) that got fixed.
The Princeton Companion to Mathematics [1] is good if you want to gawk at the breadth and depth of the field. For actual education I would just suggest looking at a math department's syllabus, e.g. at http://ocw.mit.edu/. As a CS grad you should start with analysis, as that's probably your most looming dark spot.

My warning as a math student is that a lot of book recommendations are just a tad bit elitist. Don't stick with a single book too long if it isn't cutting it for self-study. Exercises are good.

[1] http://press.princeton.edu/titles/8350.html
Stack Overflow is an amazingly useful programming resource - but - like most things has problems.

From my viewpoint, the main problem is the drive for "karma". You may visit an interesting question and you will often find that partial solutions (or solutions to a re-phrasing of the question [thats as kindly as I can put it])have a high score while the true and, more importantly complete, answer (probably written a few days after the original question was posed) has zero points.

There are also those who answer a factual question with an opinion - I am sure that Dante would have added another level in hell for just that sin should he have lived in the modern age.

Points are not everything but there is a tendency for the scoring system to mislead the seeker after a solution unless they are aware that all factual answers have value.
Have to agree with the post ... there are occasions when you read the question and understand it is a newbie who has no clue what technical term to use when s/he does his search and hence could not get a simple answer. Instead of guiding, it gets voted down real bad and sometimes the person is not able to ask more questions
The thing I take issue with it is when you build a certain amount of abandoning principals into a job that could be done well without abandoning principals. I don't want my server to flirt with me, I want them to be civil, prompt, and helpful with the menu. There are plenty of people who will withhold tips from servers who are civil, prompt, and helpful with the menu because they didn't flirt with them. The tipping system puts power into those people's hands.
Cached version: http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:llk9t9Y...
Yeah, exactly..

About percentages, it makes sense, hence my 30% sometimes 50%. It depends on what you order.

What's funny about that is, I live in Algiers, Algeria.. Where a tip is sometimes considered "rude" :D

You'll have to insist, or reframe it as "This is for coffee". But people have a hard time accepting a tip: Everything is included in the price, and I don't want charity.

Plus, there are a lot of things people do for free.. Like you go to a shop to fill your tires with air.. You take the air pistol and fill your tires .. The shop owner doesns't even expect you to pay, because for them "it's nothing". But most people would still pay as a courtesy (notice how it's interesting that they're not even supposed to pay, yet pay).

And on and on, a lot of repairs and all are done and you ask the guy "How much do I owe you ?" and he goes "We're good."

I was on a village once, and there is someone there who carved out from his home and made a toilet available to the public. I used that toilet, and threw money outside to the court of that home, several times. I smile at the thought they wondered "WTH is this ?" since they did it for free, just as a gesture for people to use.

My friends do that, too (free stuff). They "lose" some money but when you think about it, it's only tiny, since they get multiple folds the value from referrals: Those very people who got something for free bring their acquaintances and become sort of "evangelists".
Because Germany bothers to update tracks and DB uses those tracks usually for passenger trains. US tracks are rarely if ever updated and are mostly owned by freight companies. Many trains don't only go slow, but have to wait minutes, sometimes hours for permission to roll on such tracks while freight trains have priority.
Sometimes you do get multiple heaps, but it can be made to work if one is careful not to allocate on one heap and then free on the other heap

Agreed, and it's sad to think how much confusion and grief would have been saved if they'd just made this a mandatory policy from day 1.

Windows developers regularly jump through an entire maze of hoops -- and make their users do the same -- just so they can call free() on a pointer they got from some random DLL, or do other goofy things that they shouldn't be allowed to do.
How do you manage that? I generally give 15% and I don't think I'm unusual.
How the hell does anyone determine that? If someone walked out of Id during Quake III development with Carmacks's inverse square root (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1349542/john-carmacks-unu...), would that be a trade secret? It's not like an inverse square root is a secret, but what about doing it faster than anyone else?? Writing the best 3D engine was part of their success, and writing the fastest order routing/exchange is a big part of HFT. He took source code from GS to go to a competitor that had offered him a lot of money, it's hard to have much sympathy for the guy.
In some sense it is almost better if the founder is not too attached to the idea. I don't see how one user (the founder) being super excited translates to a viable MVP - but I could see how it could lead them to ignore the results of their experiments and the actual data.
(Post is from 2012)

Article contains ad hominem and personal opinions. Author is/was personally offended by certain events and his blog provides a source of relief for his distress.

I would comment on every specific paragraph, but the "arguments" are simply absurd.

This kind of post truly deserves to not be read.
he would likely enjoy Lawvere's conceptual mathematics.
And on that note I think part of the difference in reaction is down to expectation. Americans don't like being "surprised" at the register either, but in the case of sales tax and tipping there is no surprise; it is assumed that will happen and factored accordingly. But if you surprise me with a $.99 dessert on my bill that I didn't actually ask for, you can bet your ass I'd raise a problem about that at the register.
What about the studies Jay Porter links to in his blog posts?

https://www.hotelschool.cornell.edu/research/chr/pubs/tools/...

http://tippingresearch.com/uploads/managing_tips.pdf
Sure, I totally agree that there are many other invariants that you might like to prove. Many of them require full-on dependent typing—not going there for now is a choice we made to make the language approachable. (See your sibling comment for how difficult it is just to get memory safety!) But I completely agree with you that there is more to be done.
What repeatedly stands out every time I read of this account is the relative ineptitude of the federal agents handling the investigation.

There appears to be every indication that agent McSwain did everything short of taking explicit marching orders from GS.

The FBI either lacked the will or ability to understand the crimes they were tasked with investigating. I find that disturbing.
Feels a bit silly to complain about a free certificate from the CA which probably helped a lot of people to even think about using SSL on their site and if I'm not mistaken it's just 25$ to get a new one. That's even cheaper than getting one from Comodo/etc. They always said that revoking a certificate is not free, that's what you signed up for.
What you describe is more an iterated prisoner's dilemma rather than a static game. What's interesting is that it has been demonstrated in controlled circumstances that the most successful strategy in an iterated prisoner's dilemma game is tit-for-tat [1], a strategy that any participating party can choose to adopt at any time.

The fact is, corporate-labor relations is not a monolith. Although some (or even most) participants in the labor market may be engaged in betray-betray behavior today, that doesn't mean that such relationships are universal or will come to dominate the labor market over time. Given that tit-for-tat is theoretically the most successful strategy, companies that adopt generous performance-based policies with their employees should enjoy long-term competitive advantage against any rivals who have chosen less-friendly employee policies. If this model is predictive, the advantages of a "betray only" strategy for corporations will be relatively short-lived, because the inevitable betray-betray relationships will make such companies less competitive than entities that adopt a "tit-for-tat" strategy.

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tit_for_tat
There are few other good incubators around. It does not hurt to apply other places as well. However, continue to focus on your product development.

This is my first time applying at YC, but in past I have helped raised funds for other companies outside. Last year I started my company and tried to raise funds.

After a while, instead of raising funds or spending too much time in hoping to get on incubators or VCs' list I started to stay focus on the product development. So not raised any outside funds so far however my product 1.0, then 1.3 and now 1.5 is out in the market and getting real users' feedback and polishing the product.

The bottom line is don't lose attention and focus from your product and plan out for 6, 12 and 18 months out with plan A and B, in my case, also plan C.
I use whatever compiler is defined in the makefile or called for in a README. Needless to say I do not really follow developments in either camp closely. I am curious what improvements are the result of "competition" from clang?
It's far less confusing in practice. I mean if Americans are as dumb as Europeans assume us to be then surely it would be chaos over here if it were really as complicated as it's made to sound in Europe.