skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
"And we build a good forecast or scoring procedure that for 2% of the population returns a score of 0.3 and for the remaining 98% of the population returns a score near 0.01. Further suppose our scoring algorithm is well calibrated and excellent: the 2% of the population that it returns a score of 0.3 and above on actually tends to default at a rate of 30%."

In this case your classifier has two outputs. Let's label them safe and default prone respectively. Now we can transform question for each account into: "Is this account default prone?". In the example provided answers are obviously yes or no. If your classifier has two options, there must exist a question that would yield a yes/no answer. Other alternative is many option classifiers (neural-networks, decision trees, etc...).

Part of confusion might stem from the fact that your example is simplified. From problem statement and description it sounds you guys built a scoring algorithm, that for each account outputs probability that account will default this year. In that case 0.01 and 0.3 would directly translate into 1% and 30% chance of default respectively. Obviously algorithm would not just output two options, it would output a range from 0 to 1.

This is not yet classifier, however it is trivially easy to build a classifier with desired number of buckets on top of this. For example with two buckets: ask a question "does this account has at least 30% of chance to default this year?", with scoring algorithm solving that is as simple as filtering accounts with score in excess of 0.3.
I've built an app that worked well with Cordova: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.audreyt.di... ( Source: https://github.com/g0v/moedict-app/ ; Context: http://g0v.asia/tw/#Q1.2 ).

A dictionary — being text-based, with very few animations, and no background soundtracks — avoided most of mobile-platform-specific issues.
Are there any resources that go in depth about how the blockchain works or how it differs from traditional DHT implementations?
Invest in Life Experience
1 - How can we improve a country without talking about its deficiencies? (You can't)

2 - The article attempts to argue that comparing the US to a third world nation is not a hyperbole by offering six points. You are trying to argue the opposite without offering any points.
I read the first paragraph. Either the author doesn't think Japan is a developed country, or he isn't aware that they still have capital punishment.

So I assume the rest of the article is similarly well-researched.
It's really difficult to get students to think hard about the feedback you give them. This article gives a great way to do that, and I think it's a large part of the success. Simply making them confront their own mistakes honestly.
Look Inside The Hidden Global Junk Trade With These Pictures Of All Our Trash
Other cryptocurrencies use "proof of stake" instead of "proof of work". Notably, Peercoin. This doesn't use energy.

It's quite possible at some point that one of those will supersede Bitcoin, and/or Bitcoin will alter to proof of stake (perhaps when nearly all coins are mined).
I am interested :D
And the US didn't commit atrocities in that war? The US also rounded up people based on their ethnicity. The US also dropped not one but two nuclear bombs on Japan killing, by some estimates, a quarter million people the vast majority of which were civilians.

Additionally, half of Germany wasn't rebuilt and protected by the US.

And who cares what percent of the budget is spent on defense. A larger defense percentage means less is going to social services and other services dedicated to the betterment of society, instead of implements of war and destruction.
I fully agree with you on that one time pads need more a computationally secure algorithm with an initial seed. This is why I found tptacek comment a bit strange. One time pads generators are cryptographic applications.

> lack forward secrecy

>> I don't understand how people who understand the relationship between CSPRNGs and (say) CTR mode can believe that there's merit to using /dev/random after urandom has been seeded.

I would say that forward security is a good counter to the argument that urandom only, ever, need a initial seed. urandom need to be constantly updated with more entropy to maintain forward security.

This mean that after reboot, any cryptographic application that use urandom will run the risk of loosing forward secrecy if the saved seed is someone recovered (say, from backup).

That makes me also wonder, are the stored seed securely erased on Linux after boot?
Farnam Street is an awesome blog. I've been following it for the past year and a half or so, and it's really a collection of priceless information.
So, this article appears to be plagiarized directly (as in, word for word) from Wes McKinney's Python for Data Analysis (which is an excellent, excellent resource):

http://books.google.com/books?id=JtJAkfzds4wC&lpg=PA46&ots=p...

Seeing as the 'author' of this post was the submitter, I'd love to hear an explanation of what happened here.
Because less people will click on an article titled "Six Ways America Could Improve". I don't know how Rolling Stone handles it, but often journalists and people writing op-eds don't even come up with the titles.
That is a fax I would love to see.
Because division/multiplication by powers of two is a simple bitshift and can be implemented very easily on silicon. Division/multiplication by ten is complicated and needs many more gates and more time.
not sure what you mean by this. but streaming a 1080p url (e.g. by using this web app) via http works fine on a chromecast without choppiness and lag.
Because it's easy to do things in base 2 with binary signals (like the kind used in computers). It's unnatural to use base 10 for anything in this domain.

It would be extremely unintuitive if math could be done faster in any base except for 2 (or a power thereof) when running on a modern CPU.
You're right: it is wrong to suggest that Google is deliberately malicious here. But again, you can have the best intentions in the world and still be discriminatory. I think it's important to separate the two terms: malicious suggests a motive, while discrimination is about consequences.

> Does that include names?

IANAL, but the specific discrimination against Native American or First Nation names could fall under race. Race in terms of the Equality Act is more than just skin colour: it includes nationality, or ethnic origin.

Or even belief, which "need not include faith or worship of a god or gods, but must affect how a person lives their life or perceives the world", according to this page from the EHRC:

http://www.equalityhumanrights.com/advice-and-guidance/furth...

Our names do "affect how we live our lives": we have to use them every day. They are a way of defining who we are.

I don't think it's a stretch either to say that many cultures place a great deal of emphasis and tradition on names. I'm no anthropologist, but variations on naming ceremonies exist throughout the world -- christenings, for example.

Also see the other six points under belief on the EHRC page above. They arguably protect the right of Native Americans to use their own names, and not be denied service because of them.
Here is the same list sorted by length:

http://applied-math.org/words_sorted_by_length.txt
rollingstone has been a socialist rag for a while now.
Montaigne, "To Philosophize Is to Learn to Die"
Casting back and forth is extremely slow. He has a loop with multiplication by 10 inside it in dec_new.
Even on HN, you need titles that "grab" the audience to get traction. It's hypocrisy to pretend otherwise.

Edit: Um, I upvoted you and agree with you, in case that isn't totally clear.
A simple example: (i will use decimal instead of binary as it is easier and binary suffers from the same stuff but for other numbers)

(10/3)x(9/4) == 7.5

but due to the fact that computers store the value instead of the fraction it would come out as something like 7.4999999999
cause instead of doing
(10x9)/(3x4) it would do 3.3333333333333 x 2.25
I play the Monstercat album mixes

After years of expanding my musical tastes, I came back to my original conclusion from the late 90's: rather trashy techno/electronica/house is the way to go for concentration. I eventually realized that even minor vocals will eat away at my concentration, and I can't get much of anything done listening to acoustic, highly vocal music (Elliot Smith stands out as a fine example).

I wear headphones in order to prevent embarrassment.
Fascinating tale of incentives gone wrong.
The Youngest Technorati
I think I have some good news for you at least (but sadly not about the fact that statistics is easiest in R than anything else though!). For context, I'm a longtime, daily emacs and python user; I used to use R and ESS more than I do now.

1. You say you use sweave and emacs . So I assume you are using Emacs Speaks Statistics[1]. Running a python REPL in emacs now works very well thanks to Fabian Gallina's python.el which is in recent releases of emacs 24. I use it as my main python REPL. Use ipython instead of python as the interpreter running inside emacs. For config, see the comments at the top of the python.el file[2].

2. ipython notebook is amazing! [3] But, we don't want to write code in a browser. Good news. You can have ipython notebook in the browser share the same python kernel as a python shell in the terminal or in emacs. The steps are: (1) `ipython notebook` in shell and watch for the localhost URL it prints out, (2) Open the URL in a browser and start a new notebook, (3) Back in the shell, it has just printed out the name of the kernel, like `Kernel started: 5df5d119-85b5-4f33-8ba1-1c6b2eaa950f`; copy that. (4) Now start a shell ipython sharing the same kernel: `ipython console --existing 5df5d119-85b5-4f33-8ba1-1c6b2eaa950f`. To do (4) in emacs, one way to add the arguments is to pass a prefix argument to run-python. So `C-u M-x run-python` and then edit the interpreter arguments in the minibuffer.

So now you can define variables, functions etc in your shell/emacs ipython, and they are available in the web browser notebook.

3. No need to write code in the browser notebook! Implement functions in .py files in emacs, and in the web browser just import modules and call functions from within them.

4. Now, I don't have experience trying to replicate the sweave workflow in ipython notebook, but it is very flexible. See ipython author Min RK's reply here: http://stackoverflow.com/a/13222501/583763. That suggests you can indeed replicate much of sweave functionality. (Typesetting mathematical notation in latex and having MathJax display it in the browser I know works beautifully).

5. You can call R from ipython notebook, see e.g. http://nbviewer.ipython.org/github/ipython/ipython/blob/mast.... Rather than getting fancy, you may just want to have the R graphics device write figures to file explicitly and then work in python with those graphics files on disk.

6. There is also RPy2, I don't have much experience with that.

[1] For those not familiar, ESS is an implementation of an R REPL in emacs with extremely good usability and "feel". I would always use it over the vanilla R shell.

[2] `M-x find-library python` or https://github.com/fgallina/python.el/blob/master/python.el#...

[3] https://github.com/ipython/ipython/wiki/A-gallery-of-interes...
But what about the "network effect", that necessarily the thing that gets chosen to be scaled up cannot be optimal. TCP is not optimal (there are better protocols), bitcoin is not optional (there are better altcoins), but it's better to build layers of abstraction on this base (i.e. http) than to try to replace them.
author here. thanks that it's helpful.

> does anyone know if it's technically possible to cast a video to Chromecast, but leave the audio playing on my local computer? (Necessarily involving some kind of audio delay.)

yes, it's technically definitely possible. one way is to use ffmpeg to remux the video alone and pass it on to the chromecast while playing the audio along locally. you can use the chromecast api to fetch the playback location of the video and use it to sync the audio locally.
And the US didn't commit atrocities in that war?

Here we go again! I see this all the time on HN. Insinuating two things are equivalent when they are not even close. Yes the US did bad things like rounding up the Japanese and putting them in internment camps, but no, this comes nowhere close to what the Nazi regime did.
http://www.logicalfallacies.info/relevance/appeals/appeal-to...
The chance of that happening is so small it's not worth worrying about, ever.

Your brain is not equipped to handle numbers on the scale of 2^-160.
Close Encounters With the SR-71 – A Viggen Pilot's Story
It's addressed, but in the wrong way. IEEE 754 has positive and negative infinity for a reason. Why do there have to be 255 zero values? Also, what about rounding modes? Floating point math is really, really hard and this specification makes it look too easy.
It's probably not quite that bad although, given the plane doesn't exist, we're speaking in hypotheticals anyway. As I recall, the Concorde was something like 30% more than a first class ticket. It's hard to imagine such a thing being built in the foreseeable future unless there are radical breakthroughs that totally change air travel economics.

As I said elsewhere on the thread, for most people under most circumstances, the main thing is the overall travel experience rather than the number of hours. I don't find flying business transpacific all that unpleasant--just boring. And the first class setups for some of the Asian etc. carriers who have 3-class configurations look pretty amazing though I've never experienced them first-hand. The technology and capability exists to make long-haul air travel almost arbitrarily comfortable (and connected). It's just a case of how much money a large enough segment of travelers are will to pay.
I think they've been waiting on Sass 3.3 to release the next Bourbon update. There have been pull requests that were accepted long ago (hyphens mixin comes to mind) that still aren't in the released version of Bourbon.
My post below asks the same question. Is this a regular phenomenon w/ PyPix?

Also, I'd post a link to the original chapter here if it was publicly available; it's (of course) much more complete. Check out your local library's e-resources (I found it at Oakland).
Where's the spec? I can't find it. Certainly the linked web page isn't the spec...
Decimal floating point would hardly affect accuracy compared to binary floating point -- with the exception of domains where the inputs and output are strictly human-readable and human-precise constructs (e.g. banking... is there a better term for this?).

Binary floating point can accurately represent fractions of the form 1/(2^n). Decimal floating point can accurately represent fractions of the form 1/((2^n)*(5^m)). Either can only approximate fractions with other prime factors in the denominator (1/3, 1/7, 1/11, ...).

In terms of a programmer having to be concerned with accumulated errors due to approximations in the representation, I'd assert that decimal floating point in no way changes the scope of concerns or approach to numeric programming compared to binary floating point. I'd guess even in a domain with a very precise need of fractional decimals, a programmer would still need to reason about and account for numeric representation errors in decimal floating point such as overflow and underflow.
If you have HTTPS Everywhere installed disable it for internap. The server is not responding on 443.
I guess the question is who else could have done it?
> rounding modes and overflow behavior are not addressed

He provides a reference implementation. That means this and many other details are defined by code. Quoting dec64.asm: "Rounding is to the nearest value. Ties are rounded away from zero. Integer division is floored."

> Compare the level of thought and detail in this "specification" to ... [Goldberg]

I don't think this comparison is fair. David Goldberg's text is an introduction to the topic. Douglas Crockford describes an idea and gives you a reference implementation.
POWER7 has a max clock of 4.25 GHz according to that reference.

Anyhow, clock rate in this case is irrelevant. Look at the instruction latencies. I don't have these handy, but I'd bet $50 at at the chance of winning $10 that decimal floating point instructions (at least the divide) are slower than the IEEE754 ones.

These chips are also ridiculously expensive, so probably not the best benchmark.
Deterministically generating wallets is just dumb. It's the exact opposite of randomly generating wallets. We spend all this time on making things cryptographically secure and then mess it up by using a tiny subset of the keyspace.

Why would anyone find this to be a good idea?
> I'd love to use all these neat Chromecast tricks but I can't because of its (native) poor support for external subtitles

author here. yes, i have been working on adding subtitle support to this web app as well (you paste two urls, one for the video and one for the srt file). chromecast supports WebVTT [1] and it's pretty straightforward to convert srt to WebVTT. Although, it requires using a custom receiver app. stay tuned.

[1] https://developers.google.com/cast/docs/media
They want to allow fast "addition with equal exponents" in a single cycle and that requires a zero value for each possible exponent.
IFT 725 – Introduction to Neural Networks
The site is in French, but the lectures are in English. It has a lot more mathematical rigor than Hinton's course on Coursera, and oddly enough that makes the course easier to follow.
Has anyone checked any of the other submissions from this source?

First one I checked:

http://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/the-command-line-is-your-...

Vs

http://pypix.com/tools-and-tips/command-line/

Edit: next one I checked has content from here http://lumberjaph.net/HTTP_requests_with_python/

And from here http://code.tutsplus.com/tutorials/http-the-protocol-every-w...

http://pypix.com/tools-and-tips/http-fundamentals/
I'm in agreement with you. I think it should be notes that the US military does have a fairly large social welfare component, education, health etc. Somehow this is ok (its hairy chested military spending!). But social welfare in a more transparent form doesn't get through. I can't find the great thing I read on this recently, but here is the Wikipedia entry on The Hidden Welfare State. http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidden_welfare_state
that's neat. i haven't looked at the code, what's your target video codec for transcoding? is it VP8?
To clarify, they are basic floating-point errors from C that happen to be errors for integers as well in Javascript, because Javascript does not support fixed-precision integers.
An article that aims to make a point, but exaggerates to make it.

> The U.S. is also the only developed country that executes prisoners

I wasn't aware Japan and Singapore weren't developed.

> The U.S. is among only three nations in the world that does not guarantee paid maternal leave

In practice, plenty of jobs offer this benefit in the US (and some states require it). Also, laws by be on the books in developing countries, but that says nothing about enforcement.

>Schools today are actually more racially segregated than they were in the 1970s.

No they aren't - I can't even see how this could be possible with so much more racial diversity now. The cited report speaks only of black/white segregation, not total racial segregation.

> the U.S. tops out OECD countries in terms of income inequality

Hang on, what's the definition of developed we've been using? Hong Kong and Singapore (non-OECD) are far more unequal than the US. Mexico (in the OECD) is more unequal. Besides for a country with such a high GDP per capita as the US (over double some other developed countries), I'd consider the comparison of income of bottom X percentile more important than Gini index.

> The United States infrastructure is slowly crumbling apart and is in desperate need for repair

Sure, it needs repair, but hardly to the levels of developing countries. According to the linked report, the US is tied with Canada and still 14th in the world.
And the Nazi regime is gone ... and the US is basically the same as it was...

Germany is extra super scared about becoming Nazis again, because they were Nazis. The US has no predilections against doing the same thing again.
This is the first time I've looked at the site, but looking at the other article in the 'Scientific Category', Machine Learning with Python (http://pypix.com/scientific/machine-learning-python/), also appears to be taken from Building Machine Learning Systems with Python (http://books.google.com/books?id=C-yglCEcK0sC&pg=PT31&lpg=PT...).

Unless I'm misunderstanding something, this is pretty awful behavior.
1) ASICs generate a lot of heat, so that problem is not solved.

2) People, computers, POS, time expenditure, currency fluctuation, uncertainty, economic crisis, and unemployment are problems which are either not addressable by Bitcoin or not meaningfully impacted by it. Bitcoin isn't some magical economic cure-all. It's just a means of exchange.

3) This is a straw man. Horse manure disposal was not a primary concern before cars were invented. The primary concern was how to transport goods before they spoiled. Improved cargo transportation technologies and refrigeration technologies changed the economic landscape, not cars.

4) Infrared radiation is the primary way in which heat is released in to space. The sum of all other means of heat loss from the Earth is currently a rounding error compared to heat loss by radiation. It would take an absolutely massive investment in technology to change that.
For some,
P(losing key) > P(key theft)
The site is in French, but the lectures are in English. It's much more mathematically rigorous than Hinton's Neural Networks course on Coursera, and oddly enough that seems to make the material easier to follow and comprehend. It's definitely worth giving it a look.

A translation of the home page is available at http://goo.gl/DyWw9G
Ripple's consensus algorithm is a much more energy efficient process that achieves the same result, i.e. getting the network to reach consensus about a distributed database.

https://ripple.com/wiki/Consensus_Graphic
Neat! I was looking for something like this. I had to use tab casting for some videos like Twit Live which is prone to struggling on low power CPUs and goes down if the laptop sleeps. This allows me to directly send the HLS stream URLs to the Chromecast with no CPU usage on the local machine.

Edit: The sleep part is still a problem. But at least it doesn't eat laptop CPU I guess.
This Is Why It Feels Like Apple Stopped Innovating Three Years Ago
Incredibly sad to see this article about agencies bending over backwards to plug leaks instead just trying to be less evil.

On the plus side, maybe all this new bureaucracy will cause them to collapse under their own weight.
Thank you for weighing in, professor. Yeah, I really can't imagine why would anybody ever care about this tool that tens or hundreds of thousands of people use every day to build web interfaces. Especially here, on Hacker News, of all places. What is the world coming to? It's not even CSS!