skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
For the ordinary natural numbers, 1 is the only number which you can invert, i.e. 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, etc. are not integers, but 1/1 is. If we take in all the integers, positive, negative and zero, then 1 and -1 are invertible. But things become much more complicated in other number rings. For example, in the number ring obtained by adjoining the square root of 7 to the integers (i.e. Z[sqrt(7)]), there are infinitely many invertible values. For example 3 sqrt(7)-8 is invertible. Its inverse is -3 sqrt(7)-8. But any power of this value is also invertible, so in fact there are infinitely many invertible values in this ring. Anyway, the problem with units (invertible values) is that they divide any number in the number ring (after all, by definition, they divide 1, and 1 divides everything). They therefore aren't very useful for unique factorisation (aside: unique factorisation exists for elements of Z[sqrt(7)], though not for every conceivable number ring). Because of this, it is natural to exclude units from being primes.
> But practically "shrinking government" is used to mean "shrinking the civilian parts of government".

Uh... I think I know what you want to mean, but this makes it seem like you have no idea about the principle of civilian authority over the military.
I moved my personal Web hosting from another provider to DO a couple of months ago. I'm spending the same amount I was paying the other provider, and I'm getting a hell of a lot more for my money. (I have two droplets running right now, one with my Web server and mail, one running some network services...and I have plenty of capacity on both to do more.) Plus, since it's an actual VPS as opposed to shared hosting, I have more control over it. I'm kicking myself for not having made the jump earlier.
> The sound of the GAU-8 main gun is something you have to hear to believe. If bad intentions have a sound it's that gun.

I've only heard it in videos, and all I could think of is that it sounds like God Himself farting. You can't hear individual reports, just one long BRRAAAAP.
What Diet and Exercise Works Best For Your Genes?
I believe what you're talking about overall is game theory. Capitalism being "honest" isn't really a reasonable justification when a system inherently allows others to be dishonest without repercussions, accountability, responsibility, etc.. There are some very simple mechanisms that can be put in place which makes it more honest, or rather limits the damage of those being "dishonest" or who are best at figuring out how to excessively take advantage. I do believe capitalism likely needs to stay in place, it's a matter of how we govern the systems that needs to shift.
Things like this want me to give up programming and take up farming.
In the old system a lot of things worked right.

For better or worse, this system had a number of data-centric objects; these objects passed many correct tests, but they failed to be deserializable from XML (because of the way collections were handled) as well as having other deficiencies.

The tests meant I could fix those deficiencies quickly and have faith that I fixed them correctly. Of course, I added new tests to test that the system did the things it had to do.
What do Machines Dream about?
ComiXology Hacked, Sends Out E-Mail Warnings Requiring Password Changes
ITYM "no government-sponsored space program".
There are a few schools of thought with founder salaries for early stage startups (assuming you have money to pay salary).

1. Pay yourself the barest minimum you can to survive, which may be 0.

2. Pay yourself just enough that you're not worried about money.

High founder salaries, especially in early stages goes against many investment theses.
My entire post was speculation. That sentence was no different.

Also, he collects model trains, and is a 64 year old who has lived with his mother for years, and everyone thinks he is an asshole. I bet he has aspergers
Yes and no. What the other comments are ignoring is that the deductibility of salary paid to owners is capped, precisely to avoid the shenanigans they're trying to achieve (i.e., avoiding double taxation using the corporate form).

Up to a limit, your salary as owner is deductible to the corporation. Generally, the "safe" limit is usually the current SSI maximum wage. Beyond that, the IRS is very likely to re-characterize wages paid to owners as dividends. While this actually results in a lower (direct) tax to the owner, it usually results in higher taxes to the corporation, plus penalties and back interest.

Note that this is generally true for LLCs, S-Corps, and C-Corps, though the precise rules differ based on the type of entity. You'll definitely want to talk to a lawyer or accountant.
When the announcement to shut down HNSearch was made nearly 40 days ago, I thought Algolia would have ample time to catch up. It was lacking back then, and there was plenty of feedback for them to work with.

With the hard cutoff date nearing, it doesn't seem Algolia will be close to matching functionality.

A couple other features are date range search, and phrase search. Actually, just include all the SOLR query syntax: http://www.solrtutorial.com/solr-query-syntax.html
Oh wow! These guys are in Davis Square in Somerville not far from me...I've been working on some idea about the same thing for 4 years now...back then people would laugh at the idea because Pandora was already there. But now?
Iptables is a crime against humanity from a config and documentation perspective. ufw makes it bearable.

I'd rather use pf on BSD though.
It is ok to have one fast suit of tests that are run all the time and one slow but more detailed that runs only at some checkpoints (overnight, weekly, before release).

Big projects over some size normally do it that way.
Oh yes, and we can all gather around and sing kumbaya and hug each other. Get real and give me a break!
Well, yes and no. If you're just talking about integer primes then sure. If you consider gaussian integers though (a + b*i where a and b are integers) then you would have to say "the gaussian prime numbers that aren't 1, -1, i, or -i.

The definition of primes that excludes units makes sense in more places than one that includes units (especially once you start talking about prime ideals instead of prime numbers)
Not true. The Corporation of the City of London put up most of the money with the goal of alleviating congestion. The chief visionary, charles Pierson, was the solicitor (a sort of lawyer) for the City.

http://www.historytoday.com/richard-cavendish/first-day-lond...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitan_Railway#Establishm...

Same deal with new York's subway - therre were private companies involved but they were set up within the frameworks of a public works project and were basically financial vehicles designed to limit financial liability and attract some matching capital from the private sector for an initial large public sector investment or monopoly grant.

I'm sympathetic to libertarianism but this notion that all this stuff would happen by itself if it weren't for evil government interference is just bollocks, it's just as stupid as communists claiming that all private capital is wicked.
Nice post. I'm a researcher in computer vision, so I'm glad to see that people find these problems interesting. It's often easy to underestimate how difficult vision problems are, since they seem so natural to us.

I think the recent posts by lyst (this color naming post, and the previous background subtraction post) are great introductions to problems in computer vision.
However, there is a lot more sophisticated work out there, and the techniques used in these posts are decades old (and contain some errors).

If you liked this post, you should check out this more recent demo
http://clothingparsing.com/

If you have a computer vision problem in mind, you can gauge the state-of-the-art, by searching recent papers on Google Scholar. Even if you're unfamiliar with the jargon, the introduction and conclusion of a paper can give you an intuition about the problem being solved and the steps the authors are proposing.

If you want to learn more about computer vision and its details, I highly recommend checking out online materials such as

http://cs.brown.edu/courses/cs143/

http://www.cs.cornell.edu/courses/cs4670/2013fa/lectures/lec...

http://szeliski.org/Book/
NOBODY should be using Linode. For ANY reason other than for throwaway reasons.

They have deliberately withheld information from customers not once, but twice during critical security incidents.
And do i need this because?
Yes, I still get very angry about that case. We watched the legal system assist her husband in euthanizing her.

Saying that Ms. Schiavo was "brain dead" is an inaccurate description. Terri was severely brain damaged. She was in a persistent vegetative state. She exhibited a profound loss of brain mass. She would have never recovered but she wasn't brain dead either.

Brain dead people don't react to their mother's voice. Terri did.
Brain dead people don't track moving object. Terri did.

It's not like she was on life support. They gave her food and water through a tube. She breathed on her own and her heart beat on its own without any external assistance.

She wasn't allowed to die; she was starved to death and again, that makes me angry.
Show HN: JavaScript UPNP/DLNA media server
Yes, most of my in-laws are people whose entire life was funded by work done for the Federal government. And they all think the government sucks. They'll bitch about welfare and then they'll bitch about, like, a pool being shut down that they used to be able to use because they're related to a service member. It's dumb.
I agree - I'm impressed with the NHS on their detailed and rapid response. I was pleasantly surprised.
Engineering team increases power efficiency for future computer processors
We re-designed our entire software interface in one week. Here are the results:
iptables is powerful but definitely not simple.

Simple is being able to simply say "allow all outgoing traffic and incoming traffic should only be allowed for HTTP(S) and SSH" and being able to figure out how to do it by just invoking "ufw --help".

Maybe someday I'll learn about iptables, I'm sure it's going to be worth it, but for now ufw does the job for me.
Man, this brace.io gang is really making me happy. First formspree, now this. Making Middleman (et al.) sexy.

Edit: I guess Middleman isn't the only SSG :)
Isn't that only the case if you are paying yourself mainly via distributions? If you are paying yourself a market rate salary and taking any profits at the end of a good year via distributions would they frown on that? Assuming you have shareholders who don't work in the business (say family) I don't see how else you could distribute proceeds back to them.
You should read this comment:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2103480

Manjoo was wrong.
Yes: "Never Again", by Doug Nufer (http://www.amazon.com/Never-Again-Doug-Nufer/dp/B000HWZ1VE).
Their other issue, is a userbase that is completely militant against advertising.

The only way to successfully advertise on reddit is through guerrilla marketing. Which of course reddit doesn't see a penny of.
Another client of mine also had too many unit tests. I pointed out to them that this would decrease their velocity, because every change to a function should require a coordinated change to the test.

This is one thing I have never seen replicated outside of Smalltalk projects: Automated refactorings of code automatically applied those refactorings to the tests.
A company paying its owner $10mm in salary cannot deduct all $10 million. It could probably get away with paying a six-figure salary (fully deductible), but the rest would be re-characterized as a dividend and the underlying "salary" expense would not be deductible. At the numbers we're talking about in this hypothetical, the corporation would be treated as severely underreporting its tax liability--meaning the highest penalty rates, back interest, and possibly including jail time.
I disagree that "tradecraft" is still so general. I agree "craftsmanship" has no such connotations.
http://randomascii.wordpress.com/2014/01/27/theres-only-four... tested all 4+ billion inputs to ceil(), floor(), and round(), and pointed out that many libraries actually had high error rates, because of incorrect support for rounding, small values, NaN, and -0.0.

Each test is extremely fast. Testing all 12+ billion cases takes 4.5 minutes. Are these unit tests or integration tests?

If they are integration tests, roughly where is the boundary between the two?

Is it meaningful to distinguish between "unit" and "integration" testing based only on the amount of time they takes? That is, if the unit tests take 0.1 second too long then do they suddenly become integration tests?
Sting Roadshow London – | The Complete Professional Entertainment Service
Custom CSS on Posthaven
Show HN: Stargate.js
> I think I did not.

Neither did Nakamoto, if you read the article.
Braintree is giving $50k in processing to every startup
It's really just been a lack of people coupled with intense growth, till recently we've been well well under 50. We're working on it, and now we have money to add lots more hires.
Google turns to LG for Nexus 6, report says
>"Try talking to any self professed libertarian about free movement of labor."

Are you trying to imply that libertarians are inconsistent? There are plenty of libertarians who believe in open borders, Bryan Caplan being one prime example.[1][2] On the other hand, it is also perfectly self-consistent to believe that citizens of a country are entitled to liberties which are not guaranteed to foreigners.

[1] http://openborders.info/bryan-caplan/

[2] http://www.econtalk.org/archives/2010/10/caplan_on_immig.htm...
There's a great Numberphile video that walks you through a similar line of explanation: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQofiPqhJ_s
I saw no harm in the post. Thanks for sharing.

IMO, the criticisms are unfounded and just another example of the HN's community recent penchant to hate on anything and everything.
Call me crazy, but do you think filling these issues are probably part of why they're raising funding?

Getting ahead takes capital and i'm sure they're aware of what makes them inferior, you can't raise $37m without a good story on how you're going to use it to get ahead and win.
Unit testing is investing in product functional confidence. Don't do it if you don't care about it. Or... do it where you need it most. Consequences are going to be faced thou. It's also educational
Running into the same jank issue as well. Chrome 33, Macbook Pro i7 w/ 16gb RAM. While I'm not at 30fps (averaging in the 40s), there are definitely some frames being dropped.

Runs a bit smoother in Firefox.
Ask HN: Will you help me make it great?
I want to build a SaaS web app and I want everyone who works on it to get rewarded accordingly.

I want it to be completely open source.

I want anyone to be able to commit code and make a pull request to get their additions added to the trunk.

I want to give everyone a share of the income according to the amount of code they ever contributed to it (as a percentage against the entire codebase).

I want to make something completely open. I want everything about this entity to be open.

I want to shake things up.

Is it possible? Will you help me do it?
You are confusing libertarians and anarchists. Libertarian would be a nuclear engineer that thinks nuclear energy plants are dangerous, so they should be strictly controlled and confined within the strictest safety procedures, and while the usability of their nuclear reaction can be harnessed to perform some functions that are hard to achieve otherwise, the said nuclear reaction should be strictly confined to these functions and not to be allowed to be spread outside of them.
Would you really want a nuclear engineer that thinks otherwise to be in charge of a nuclear plant near you? Maybe some type that his first solution to any problem is sprinkling some uranium on it and seeing if the radiation solves it? And when it doesn't work saying maybe it's because it's not radioactive enough, so we need more uranium there?
A joke I heard is that if Air Force was allowed to buy whatever plane it wanted, every single one of them would be a single seat jet fighter that goes very fast. No cargo plane, no helicopter, no tanker, no CAS plane.

Air Force should just hand over A-10 to Army, the ones who really know how valuable A-10 is.
Are data scientists now available for just $30 an hour?
SEEKING FREELANCERS – Remote – Frontend – JavaScript, HTML, CSS
I'm looking for a number of people who are interested in freelance work in (primarily) JS. Remote is fine, prefer full time (or close) availability and some overlap with US Eastern time would help.
The development will be using our API and the Google Closure library (experience not required). A strong background in JS/HTML/CSS is needed.
There are a large number of projects available and they require little coordination, so they are pretty ideal for remote freelancing.
Contact me (Luke) at lwalker at monetate if you're interested or have any questions.
Thanks!
I agree.

The issue I take with this behavior, or at least the justification for closing discussion of whether or not it's applicable (though I do agree it's not a "bug" per se, simply on the merit that it's documented--even if the documentation is unclear), is this notion that it would break code where this behavior is relied upon. First, you're assuming that someone understands the behavior clearly enough to exploit it (while there's obviously a non-zero population who aren't aware enough to avoid it). Second, you're assuming that they're not inclined to realize what an outrageously stupid idea it is to rely on midnight == False. If someone who's attempting to use truthiness as a means of determining if a time object (say, from a database) is None or falsey isn't aware of this behavior enough to not get bitten by it, what makes us think that the percentage of people who would be exploiting this behavior is somewhat higher? It's insanity. More so when each of the examples presented in the discussion for how it might be used are outrageous edge cases.

Now, would it be possible to workaround this by using datetimes, which as far as I can tell cannot be made falsey, then extract the time component later when needed after validating that the datetime is indeed not None? I can't think of any real world circumstances where you're not going to need to be aware of the date, timezone, and therefore DST when extracting times except for profiling or one-off quicky applications that don't need TZ awareness.
A related question. I'm wondering what other people do to ensure quality of outsourced code. I'm intrigued at Codacy. A lint in the cloud could solve some of my problems, but probably not all.

I'm in the position of occasionally outsourcing non-critical development but not having time myself (I used to be technical; now focused on marketing) or able to distract the dev team to look at code in depth.

Do you outsource development? How often do you code review that code? Never, once in a while, on delivery, frequently? Do you do anything else to ensure outsourced code quality?
I'm a bit confused about the moral of this post. He says:

"Before you do anything with your business you need to ask, is this something that makes me more money? Or is it just to stroke my ego"

But in the paragraph right before that he says he adopted a no bullshit policy to call out problems to his customers in a direct way, and that it filters out the customers that can't take it. But if his conclusion is really just about making money, wouldn't he make more by taking in all customers, stroking their ego and making them happy, even if it means creating a bad product for them?

The goal of having a business is clearly more than just money. I think it's ultimately about pride, no matter how well placed that pride is. It's just that some people get enough pride just out of having a business, while others get pride out of providing the absolute best service they can possibly provide, and others do get pride by just extracting as much money as possible.

But we celebrate businesses that turn down lucrative deals when they're unethical, and admonish them when they adopt shady practices to force more money out of their customers. Lots of times, running an ethical and high quality business aligns with your business goals, and many business owners put that goal above money, and still make enough money to be successful.

I don't think being proud is a bad thing, it's just that it can be bad if you're proud of the wrong things.
So it's OK for you to use your Google-fu, but not for her to do the same thing?

I, for one, am quite interested to know more about Satoshi Nakamoto and this article is responsive to my curiosity about him. As someone else has pointed out, a great deal of information is public anyway in the form of property tax records and what not. If this were not the case I would get much less direct mail.
Show HN: Xplode – 100% native cross promotion platform for mobile developers
I submitted this mainly to find out whether it's real. It's quite interesting if true, but the whole "preempatively ship packages to customers' addresses" reminds me of http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HA_gwzx39LQ
Why? So they can ruin Last.fm's recommendations with crap music spam in the same way as their own discovery?

Last.fm's integration could be better, but then again most inline apps could be better, so I suspect that is a Spotify issue.
It's probably not actually him.
Is it actually likely that someone would brute force a password? I always install fail2ban, but it's more just to stop bots from filling up my logs with junk and eating my bandwidth/CPU. Unless you use dumb passwords, the odds are phenomenally low.
took me 3 hours today to do a power cycle (reboot)

vs 2 minutes on linode
This kind of crap is exactly the reason why I don't like doing just "if var:" unless var is guaranteed to be a boolean.
But now they're just "Nextflix data". Let's revisit in a few years and see how open they still are.
> Not other things though, so no Social Security, no Obamacare, no National Endowment for the Arts, and no space program (other than for space weapons, so get rid of NASA and establish some sort of "US Star Force.")

NASA for most of its existence was pretty much was a platform for military research and demonstration of military capacity with a civilian/exploration PR veneer.

If the public was more less interested in non-military functions of government, we'd still probably have had something doing most of what NASA did, it just would have been more overtly military.
>Tens of thousands of people are about to transcend on Austin today

I think you mean descend :)
I tend to lean libertarian and did some GIS and tax programming for some county governments. I never saw issues with it. There are some government functions that really only government can do. In this case figuring out exactly who owns what piece of property where. 90% of the people I worked with in government were stand up people and fairly good at their jobs. It was the remaining 10% that is why government accountability becomes extremely important. One government IT director went to jail for fraud. Another IT director cost his city thousands of dollars because he refused to upgrade an old AS400 platform and the county had to employ us to wrangle the data so they could read it.

The more I work with government and see more examples of waste and out right fraud the more I think it should only have limited powers (and the whole issue with the NSA seems to support that point). Just because I want a very limited government doesn't mean I can't support the government in things it should be doing well.
Color is actually much more difficult than most people realize! Even CIE2000 color distance still has fundamental "perceptual distance" problems, especially comparing non-saturated with saturated colors (although that's a blog post in its own).

Here's our engine linking "real world" photos into the Macys catalogue (based on color, shape, texture): http://www.pcsso.com/demo/macys.htm