skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
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Actually, I’m not sure this is a good idea. I welcome being able to make IE a removable program and Microsoft should be pushing out updates as quickly as possible to users, but every other OS ships with a default browser. I guess it comes down to how good their install mechanism is.

Oh yeah, and it’s worth noting this quote:

Computer manufacturers will be able to add any browser they want to their Windows 7 machines, including Internet Explorer, so European consumers who purchase new PCs will be able to access the Internet without any problem.

Chances of manufacturers shipping a computer without a browser? 0.
Okay, I realise this is probably a naïve question, but it hasn't been answered by any of the anti-null articles.

Usually, null as a return value has some kind of special meaning, like indicating a failure or other edge case. Making null go away doesn't mean that case can't happen, you just need to handle it differently. The example in the article

String com = tld("example").getOrElse("unknown");

is one of those lovely academic examples which is completely out of touch with reality. Unless you're doing nothing but displaying it to the user, the string "unknown" is just as bad as the null object in almost every way, and worse in others: there's a reasonable chance that "unknown" will one day be a valid TLD.

So the proposed solution with the Option<> generic type really is just a reminder to the programmer. There's no technical advantage. You might even see a decrease in performance if the compiler can't optimise it away.

Except we already have a reminder mechanism: checked exceptions. Remember those? Remember how popular they are?

C# actually has this concept of nullable types. It doesn't apply to class types which are always nullable, but structs (with mostly value semantics as opposed to identity semantics) can be either nullable or not - just like C/C++'s passing by value I suppose. Except they're so unwieldy to use due to the OMG IT MIGHT BE NULL paranoia (you can't do anything as ridiculous as access a member without unboxing... which will throw a NullPointerException if null - score!), you may as well redefine your struct as a class and use that. (which breaks cases where you didn't want it nullable. score 2!)

I won't even treat C++ references (&) as a realistic attempt at a non-nullable type system because safety and C++ don't go together anyway. [1] I've not used scala, so if someone has a good, realistic example of code where scala's non-null system works well, I'd love to see it.

I guess I have to add that I actually liked static typing for a long time (I've done my stereotypical 10000 hours of C++), until I noticed I was just slowing myself down and my code in dynamic languages wasn't any worse, just quicker/easier to modify. Is this a sign of programming maturity? Is static typing the "training wheel" mechanism for beginning programmers? I'm starting to think so.

[1] void bar(Foo& f); Foo* p = 0; bar(*p);
http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=652545
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What I find silly is that a large majority of developers prefer creating applications in Flash rather than Silverlight. Flash has proved to be very hard to reverse engineer thus has very little open-source support. With Silverlight, Microsoft has sponsored Novell in creating Moonlight which is completely open-source and could be built into every browser at one stage.

Yet I still read that people won't touch Silverlight because it's so proprietary and made by Microsoft!
I don't know what I find more disturbing about your response - that you think having a hobby that involves sewing/cooking/gardening is akin to slavery, or your assumption that only women are doing these things (not helped by the article, I guess).
Unless of course, you had said LSD on some kind of substrate, such as blotter paper, or god help you, a sugar cube.

Then the 'fair government' would weigh the entire product, and charge you for posessing that much LSD, which would weigh enough to charge you for distribution, thus sending you swiftly to the nearest PMITA Prison.
Most of this "decimated" wealth never existed in the first place. Why do people pretend otherwise? So they can throw around big numbers in a silly article?
Interesting how in the end, the mistakes in the development were meaningless. If everything had gone 100% perfectly for him, the law would still have destroyed him, like a divine act. At least the programmer and the author obtained some experience out of the ordeal.
I agree, the example with the tld part wasn't the best - maybe an url schema (http part) would have been much better.

"So the proposed solution with the Option<> generic type really is just a reminder to the programmer." - exactly. But a good program is a program that works, so we need to achieve that first. :)
Out to Lunch: Eliot Spitzer
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My partner was recently diagnosed with Crohn's and she had to get some major surgery to fix the damage. The doctors kept mis-diagnosing her, but it wasn't as much as 8 years.

It's a horrible genetic disease and only now are doctor's really starting to understand it - even now they are finding that there is a whole subset of diseases being lumped in as Crohn's.
Fair enough. Though I suppose my point was, recreational drug use is only illegal if you're caught, and it is incredibly difficult to be caught. The government doesn't really care if individuals do drugs, they just get pissed when people distribute them without giving the government a cut.
Mono is unpopular, but I don't think it's because of the negative marketing.

People doing software development on top of Linux tend to choose other languages, like Python, Perl, PHP, Ruby, C++ and Java. That's because these languages have matching cultures and communities.

Personally when I'm investing time learning a tool, if the learning is not trivial, I first take a good look at its community. If you're getting in trouble with Mono, who you're going to talk to?

The core mono mailing list is nice, but other than that you're out of luck. You could join a .NET community for support, but their topics, issues and goals aren't a match for a developer used to work on Unix-related projects. And the signal-noise ratio is rather poor.
That's probably one reason but as history proves people will stick with what is popular and has a big install base unless an alternative exists that is so compelling that there is a real incentive to adopt it and help push it as the replacement. Silverlight apparently is not catching on in that way. Even companies Microsoft paid to use it are jumping off the ship. That cannot possibly be a good sign for its future.
The article is not talking about a hobby, but about making a living. Cooking and gardening are bad examples (not really "etsy" crafts like what the article was talking about), what I have in mind are those carpets from India. It just seems silly to me to work on a carpet for days, if a machine can produce the same thing in minutes. It just seemed to me that the only way such carpets can be produced is through slavery. To buy such carpets would encourage people to waste their time.

There are such painters who try to copy photographs, which I would find equally depressing - just a waste of time. Unless their artistic message is exactly that, to make people think about what is a waste of time... (like the other artist who was only drawing small numbers on walls for years and years on end).

The article said "Women, too, hunger for concrete, manual labor that has an element of individual agency and pleasure beyond the abstract, purely cerebral work found in the cubicle or corner office. It’s become satisfying again to sew, cook, and garden."

So in that case I assumed the second sentence was referring to women. Also I do think the number of men who sew is very small (unless they are professional tailors).

As for making a living, OK, I know many people doing pottery, but I am still not sure how it works. How long does it take them to produce one cup? Can they do it in 5 minutes?
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Silverlight is proprietary. And it's just the same type of evil, but maybe at a lower degree (it's still based on proprietary codecs and the main implementation is not free/open source).

Developers choose flash because it's much more popular and has mature tools and a significant pool of experienced professionals who can work with it. It's not only about the technical features of Silverlight compared to Flash (Silverlight doesn't really stand out), it's also about the ecosystem.
I'm kind of disappointed, but not particularly surprised, that there is not a "sell stuff to customers for money" rung on the ladder. (Hint: it beats credit cards!)
But a good program is a program that works, so we need to achieve that first. :)

The thing is, static typing addresses this on the microscopic scale, where it's not difficult to make code work anyway - except maybe for novices, hence my "training wheels" analogy. I don't see any evidence that it helps correctness on a more macroscopic scale. In fact, it makes code more verbose, which makes it trickier to take in all at once.

EDIT: rather than just hating on static typing, I propose this:

How about making our languages more expressive? I don't think exceptions (try/catch/finally) are anywhere close to a global optimum for error/edge-case handling. Maybe there's no silver bullet, but I'm pretty confident we can do better than current exception handling. I hear Common Lisp 'conditions' are resumable, which sounds nice, but again only useful if you can reasonably substitute a value of some kind, a bit like the TLD example. What mechanism should we have if we really want our program to do something else in exceptional cases?
Null is an element of any given set? I'm not sure I understand you there. Do you mean that e.g. "the absence of a natural number" is a member of the set of natural numbers?
I wonder how many mikes you need to take to grok the whole linux kernel these days :).
I believe Linux would benefit greatly from more and better Windows ports of popular OSS applications that are common on Linux desktops. If you get people using the software the time will come when switching the OS they run on is an afterthought. Plus you gain the possible contributions of millions of Windows users who have no interest in Linux but may very well want to run good OSS software. I'm not sure this is a viable strategy with GTK or QT as the Windows implementations are subpar at best. Mono is probably the way to go if you're an OSS developer interested in creating an app for everyone to use -- not just the people who happen to accept your personal choice of operating system. Isn't that (basically) the bitch that most Linux fans have about Windows-only software? Seems silly to advocate the same solution replacing win32 with GTK or QT. While they may technically exist for Windows they are not adequate -- probably comparable to running win32 apps on Linux via WINE.
Can't this be handled by the language itself, by default?

The problem with this is that nobody has come up with a sensible universal default other than crashing in some form or another. I doubt there is one. Static typing is just an attempt at failing earlier (at compile time, not runtime).

An example of non-crashing null behaviour: embedded systems without virtual memory where 0x0 is a valid memory address. Dereferencing/jumping to 0x0 makes your code carry on as normal. Hilarity ensues.
Great story. Just remember, it is their ideals that give the "other half" linux to begin with. :)
So is MzScheme effectively like Erlang now? I thought the immutable memory in Erlang does make some things difficult to code, which would have been a reason for me to prefer Scheme.
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* Freelance site similar to getafreelancer.com (GAF )
* I dindnt get your question, sorry
* The difference is we charge very less from programmers and providers.GAF.com, and Elance charge a lot.
* The site is not hosted yet. still on my local machine.

I am thinking of how to promote it.
Yeah I was talking about the Null found in math. It makes me feel that 'Null everywhere' natural & we can use in our implementations safely.
Phone companies won't do that unless if they are forced to do so by law or a governing authority. Each one of them takes a big percentage of the money that is charged to their client. Last time I checked it was around 50%. Why would they throw that away?
I know a lot of etsy sellers (some are men), and their passion for selling their produce is their hobby - what they make, what they craft, that is what they enjoy doing. They certainly don't see it as slavery.

> It just seems silly to me to work on a carpet for days, if a machine can produce the same thing in minutes.

For the same reason that a HNer might work on a startup for days/months/years even though something similar might already exist. I don't see it as my place to judge whether or not they're wasting their time (nor do I see it as slavery).
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Can Windows 7 save PCs?
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Educating others is only possible if the others want to be educated. Anyone denying "macro-"evolution in this manner is beyond help. Shutting up the ignorant aholes is the best anyone can do.
I agree with the author that having an option datatype makes the intention "this method returns some Foo or nothing" clear.

However, the suggested encoding of an option type in Java blends poorly with subtyping because a JOption<MySubtype> is not a subtype of JOption<MySupertype>. For a quick optional-return scenario, it may work, but as a substitute for nulls in optional parameters, you'd have to remember the precise type of every parameter and create non-empty JOption instances in a rather verbose way.

As an alternative, you could use a tool like Findbugs and its @Nullable annotation.
That is known as the "argument from ignorance" - since we don't know for certain, anything is equally likely.
This is the post you are talking about: http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=526140
The title of this post is misleading. It implies GDP has falled by 1.3T whereas wealth in this case has fallen 1.3T.
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Moonlight for the moment has stability issues. I'm using version 1.9.3, which is a preview, and version 1 which is more stable is worthless since I haven't found many clips compatible with it.

What I do like about it is that Microsoft supports it. The first time I installed Moonlight was because of a page that required Silverlight, and on clicking the "Install Silverlight" button, I got redirected to the Moonlight page.
That's pretty neat.

Silverlight has great potential, because you can reverse-engineer it more easily, has support for multiple languages and you only need a text editor to create a Silverlight clip. And in version 3 they are introducing an API for plugable codecs, which is making it possible to stream OGG/Theora and Vorbis files with a Silverlight applet.

Flash is more popular because of inertia, and because many designers use Macs and have invested heavily in Adobe tools. Microsoft Expression only runs on Windows. They would have a lot more to gain if they released a Mac port.
So, this is a download-manager with a heuristic malware scanner builtin and the "execute after download"-box permanently ticked?

Time to sell some of these GOOG shares.
So what happens if I call the new improved method tld with a null argument? Yep, a NullPointerException raised by lastIndexOf.
Maybe they could have if he hadn't been such a jerk about it. Note that I'm just going by what he wrote in the article directly linked, I didn't think it worth the time going back through his earlier articles, since the last one HE wrote about it made himself look a bit of a jerk.
well, I think you better than me, because you still overloaded with ideas, while me still struggling to find an idea
But there's an important difference: 0 is still a number and can safely be added to other numbers, "" is a string which can safely be concatenated with other strings. Java null, however, does not denote a neutral value, it denotes an absence of value, a hole in the paper where a value should be.

In fact, if a type has a neutral element on the conceptual level (like 0 or the empty string or the /dev/null logger), then the null-object pattern is applicable and we can return NullObjects instead of null references, so null references are superfluous.

If the type has no conceptual neutral element, however, the null reference doesn't relate to a meaningful entity on the conceptual level, either. (Medusa cars which kill you if you try to read the license plate are an obvious exception)
"There are two parts to the Linux community. One part sees Linux as a legitimate tool they can use to bring down costs while maintaining stability. The other sees this as some kind of holy war and is really just using Linux to act like drama queens."

Do you really think that the stability, low cost and quality of Open Source software is independent of the Free Software ideology? If I was being as derisive as you are above, I'd say that I hear this argument mostly from ignorant youngsters who have been lucky enough to inherit something marvellous that their elders fought hard for, but are now in danger of squandering everything through a moronic and self-centered lack of insight.

The truth is that the two things go hand in hand. Without a Richard Stallman who is idealistic and paranoid enough to worry about things like patents and personal freedom, Open Source would be in much worse shape than it is now. Without a Linus Torvalds to pragmatically build excellent software within the framework put together by the community, we would be much diminished. We need both. Open Source software is often the "best tool for the job" in a technical sense precisely because it is Free, with all that implies.

I personally think that we are right to be worried about Mono. We don't need to be alarmist, but we need to be wary. It's up to the Mono community to convince people that there is no licensing danger - the best way to do this is to lobby Novell and Microsoft to officially clarify the situation.
"what they make, what they craft, that is what they enjoy doing."

OK, but they don't do it for a living? Also I think there is a misundertanding. I can understand art and creativity, and from the article I take it that etsy encourages individual items. What I don't like about the "handmade" label is the production of repetitive things that should better be left to machines.

Maybe some people enjoy creating 100 baskets that look the same, or 100 cups (do you know such people/men?). But how high can their pay realistically be? If it is not slavery, maybe it is extremely low paid work.

"For the same reason that a HNer might work on a startup for days/months/years even though something similar might already exist."

I would think a startup is by definition to try to create something new.

"I don't see it as my place to judge whether or not they're wasting their time (nor do I see it as slavery)."

But you do have a problem with me considering certain things to be a waste of time?
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Or you could create a hidden volume inside of a hidden volume. Supposedly Truecrypt's data looks random, so if you are forced to decrypt one volume, they wouldn't be able to prove there was another volume.
http://www.truecrypt.org/docs/?s=plausible-deniability
Looks like he took the extraction approach [1] - copy the information deemed most important by the system to the summary. The second approach, abstraction, involves paraphrasing sections of the source document. It seems much harder.

There are some interesting summarizers accessible on the web : http://search.iiit.ac.in/~jags/summarizer/index.cgi

Machine learning, as always, is uber-cool.

[1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automatic_summarization
The only time Adblock Plus blocked something I wanted to see is when I was working for an advertising company and testing ads -- wondering why I didn't see any of them. Heh.
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> OK, but they don't do it for a living?

At least one off the top of my head uses it as her sole income.

> Maybe some people enjoy creating 100 baskets that look the same, or 100 cups

I'm sorry, I didn't see in the article where it was saying that? Perhaps I misread somewhere. My experience with etsy, even with sellers who make and sell a lot of goods, is that each piece is different in some way.

> I would think a startup is by definition to try to create something new.

Really? I see plenty of "please review my startup" posts here that seem to offer a regurgitated version of someone else's idea.

> But you do have a problem with me considering certain things to be a waste of time?

It's your prerogative to view whatever you like as a waste of time (I know that having this pointless debate is wasting my time, and yet I go on...) I just don't see the need to compare it to slavery.
Regarding "It makes code more verbose": while "new JSome<LongSuperclassName>(myValue)" is certainly more verbose than necessary, I still think that the one bit of information "this method returns Foos" vs "this method returns Foos or nothing" is worth documenting. And in a statically typed language, the type system is an obvious place for such documentation.
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EC rejects Microsoft's browser promises
The Commission statement dryly notes: "Rather than more choice, Microsoft seems to have chosen to provide less."
Put in his place by his lecturer on his own blog, nice.
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