skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
"The difference is that those systems did not solve the "double-spend" problem"

Can you define "double-spend" in a precise way without a central authority? Academic systems define double spending in terms of the bank -- loosely, a double-spending attack is successful if the bank accepts more money for deposit than had been withdrawn; security against double spending is defined as the inability of any polynomial time algorithm to successfully double-spend with more than negligible probability. Note that this definition makes no mentioned of how this security is achieved, nor does it bound the number of users the attacker can control (indeed, the attacker could control all parties other than the bank under this notion of security). The definition is slightly weakened for systems that support secure offline transactions: (loosely) if and only if more money is deposited than is withdrawn, the bank will be able to identify the parties involved in the attack and can prove that those parties acted maliciously (in a way that can be verified by all other parties).

In the case of Bitcoin, you cannot make any statements about deposits or withdrawals if you try to define security. It is also unclear how one might define security, since there is nothing wrong with a party that spends more money than it receives (due to the mining protocol). At best we can only speak in vague terms and vague notions of what should happen in Bitcoin versus what should not happen with Bitcoin.

"Bitcoin is the first ecash system that is truly decentralized."

That is debatable. On paper, Bitcoin appears to be decentralized, but on paper Bitcoin scales extremely poorly. To make Bitcoin scale well, someone occasionally declare a particular branch of the block chain to be the block chain, and all the users must accept this judgment. That is basically what happens now; the Bitcoin developers ship a client with this snapshot state included.

If you doubt the power that the Bitcoin developers have over the network in practice, consider the block chain fork a few months ago. That fork was triggered by an update to the "official" Bitcoin client (worse, it was not even caused by a "snapshot;" it was caused by a seemingly harmless deviation from how the previous client worked). In practice the Bitcoin developers could trigger another fork at any time, and could potentially profit by it.

"This is what makes it technically superior to prior systems"

Except for all the technical deficiencies. Even if we take as an article of faith the fact that Bitcoin is fully decentralized, even if we ignore the complete lack of a security definition, Bitcoin has technical deficiencies compared to academic systems. No support for secure offline transactions limits Bitcoin's usefulness in real-world applications. Enormous amounts of computation are needed to keep Bitcoin running, vastly more than are needed in academic digital cash systems. Academic systems have rigorous anonymity guarantees (except for "cheating" users); Bitcoin has no such guarantee and requires someone to operate a "mixing service" to provide some kind of anonymity.
A lot of people I know have jobs that don't have medical or 401k's so its almost always brought up when discussing salaries around my neck of the woods.
I don't think I'd feel comfortable if someone posted my name, title, and salary along with everyone I worked with to a public website.
The N.S.A.'s Sigint Enabling Project is a $250 million-a-year program that works with Internet companies to weaken privacy by inserting back doors into encryption products.

From http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/09/05/us/documents-r...
I presume they are sourcing their statistics from here: http://utgafuskra.is/statistics.jsp?lang=1

About 5 per 1,000 in a given year seems roughly correct. I don't know how you would calculate the figure for publications in a lifetime, especially since I presume many authors write multiple books in their lifetime.
Where I live, the wife of an oil & gas billionaire recently started up a donut shop. As for the location of her shop, she casually chose a quaint little shopping center in the heart of the most expensive and historically rich neighborhood in the entire surrounding metropolitan area and possibly the whole state. While having a shop in this area would be a dream for most, for her it was a given.

It's been a nice little success. It might be the most successful independently owned donut shop in the area.

But we all know that her donut shop, despite the significant amount of cash necessary to purchase the building and jumpstart the business, is just a hobby for her, the same way sewing quilts is a hobby to my mom. My mom doesn't fret about the few hundred bucks she may put into her quilts, even if she doesn't make a dime off of them. And the billionaire's wife won't fret if the hundreds of thousands of dollars necessary to even test the business all go to waste because nobody buys their donuts. They will barely notice the money has been spent. If my mom wanted to just start up a donut shop here for fun, well, that would be absolutely impossible--it wouldn't even be an option.

Why do I bring any of this up? Because context matters. Bill Gates is self-made, yes, but you have to interpret "self-made" in context. His little jumpstart, which appears minor in the shadow of Microsoft, constituted more success than most people in America will ever enjoy over the course of their lifetimes.
This is not a good visualization. It's actually harder to find the information one might be interested in and making comparisons is not easy or really possible.
So do the turbines/generators go at the bottom, in the mine, in this setup? That seems like it would have some interesting engineering challenges.
I'd expect the price of the service they are providing to rise until it justified either them commuting into the city or their living in the city. If development in the city is constrained, probably the former.
Foursquare Launches Ad Platform For Small Businesses
what do you do? What's your routine?
Codenvy Architecture
I've seen this on quite a few websites that use paypal. If you have ever come across a site that has a 'You are now being redirected to Paypal, please wait' page inbetween the checkout and paypal then you will probably see something similar if you quickly hit ctrl+S.

It doesn't help that Paypal themselves (https://cms.paypal.com/uk/cgi-bin/?cmd=_render-content&conte...) have tutorials with lines like:
<input type="hidden" name="amount" value="15.00">
I hope someone does the math and figure out whether paying money for OT work is more cost effective than just hiring more people.

I personally think OT should be paid in comp time, not cash.
I wouldn't call it a dark pattern, it's just annoying as hell. I think Apple does a decent job about clearly drawing the line between stuff you have and stuff you could have.
Never thought of this, I like. I wonder if they're allowed to do that.
I would be a libertarian if we went to 100% inheritance tax and put every cent to education. Let the true competition begin.
Computing power is cheap and will be cheaper. People who track forgery, look after money, look after people who look after money and so on are expensive.
The Design of Rustic Citrus - Interview with an Indie Game Dev
I agree there is something wrong with this button. Without formalizing my thoughts until now I remember feeling disturbed by its presence because you pop your views, then expect to be at the top of the hierarchy of your library and then somewhat feeling contradicted by the presence of this button. Of course this is not a big deal, but it's a real inconvenience.
Cool, that's definitely new! Thanks for the link!
Salary data on public employees is public data in most (all?) states.

For example, the salaries of all of Texas' 674,000 employees: http://www.texastribune.org/library/data/government-employee...
That is kind of like saying, "I can murder someone, then fly to another country and get away with it!"
There are four grid squares here, and you're ignoring two, and insisting that they are not important to consider.

here are the variables:
father is a congressman (yes/no)
took good advantage of opportunities (yes/no)

to combine them we have:
yes/yes, yes/no, no/yes, no/no.

so you are saying that it didn't matter that his father was a congressman because he took advantage of his opportunities.
But imagine a warren buffet who didn't have a well positioned family, and didn't have the opportunities he had- Still a wiley person- our no/yes.
Where is he on the forbes 400?

Warren Buffet is not exactly a rags to riches story. It's more of a riches to unimaginable riches story.
Scientists are trained to despise anecdote.

Not sure what science has to do with this anyway; this is basically a matter of public-policy/politics/economics.
Poland (and probably a lot of other European countries as well).
That's certainly a possibility, and it certainly is done by the wealthy all the time. At least in the US it is very difficult to transfer large sums of money out of the country without accounting for it, so these end-arounds of taxation are quite difficult to pull off.

Inheritance taxes are better because they force the rich out of a hording mentality - either leave your family with sustaining businesses, which help the middle class by providing jobs, or lose half and have that reallocated. Right now, without an inheritance tax, there's no appeal to take risks on building anything. Just invest at moderate returns and the family fortune will never run out (except in extreme circumstances).
The article says just that!
"Beware of advice about successful people and their methods. For starters, no two situations are alike. Your dreams of creating a dry-cleaning empire won't be helped by knowing that Thomas Edison liked to take naps."
I am curious on this articles definition of poverty. The statement that 20% of the forbes 400 was born in poverty is insufficient on it's own. More telling would be that percentage compared to the percentage of poor in America. That number could be very favorable (or very unfavorable) depending on the metric for poverty used.
Any statement from D-Link regarding this vulnerability?
I certainly feel your sentiment, werner38 (Re: Paris Hilton - right?), but I disagree with your conclusions.

And I agree with you that it is not necessarily a positive outcome that a king's heir would assume the wealth of the king. However, I think the trade-off of using law to essentially plunder property (again, assuming the property was acquired through no act of injustice), undermines the purpose of law - to defend against injustice.

Property (acquired or created justly) is typically an outcome of liberty, and often fate (birth, luck, etc). I don't believe we can alter either of these conditions through tax law (force) without undermining the justice of law itself.

Furthermore, in my view, I don't believe an individual's property is something that anyone else has a claim to dispense with, especially a political organ such as the 'the state' (an entity which bears very little responsibility for the outcome of it's economic and financial actions).

That doesn't mean I necessarily like the idea of people amassing or acquiring resources without work. But the reason I work hard is to benefit the things which I choose to value: my family, my community, the erasing of Star Wars Ep. 1-3 from history, etc.
I want to give my kids a better shot at life than myself. Property may be a component, but is far down the list from things like values, and work ethic. But these are my choices for my life. That to me, is the American Dream - to be free live how I choose - not wealth and things. Whether I am very rich at some point, or not - I don't believe force should be employed to negate or alter my choices, nor do I wish to use force to alter your's or someone else's.

Maybe I'm way out of my gourd, but the fact that Paris Hilton has a huge amount of wealth, and no values is a total failure of her parents - not the inheritance itself.
Aside from the VC's in the valley, what business in America runs without using debt in the short term today? Finance enables the day to day operations of the entire economy - I'd say it creates a ton of new wealth, in every segment.
To be fair, that information isn't private. It is available for anyone to find.
ot feedback: the font aliasing looks strenuous to look at. Maybe reconsider your settings.
Steve Bellovin: Why healthcare.gov has so many problems
Google Fiber now allows servers for non-commercial use
EventEmitter as delegate using Traits with CocktailJS for NodeJS
DHA is "almost 50% weight of the neuronal membranes[1]" in the brain. If your body does not have enough of it from the diet, it has to be synthesized in the body. It is a lot more efficient to supplement it and a lack of it is known to create mental decline.

It is well established within the Nootropic community that nearly everyone should supplement it. I take Jarrow Max DHA 2-3 times per day (500 mg DHA and 72 EPA/per cap)

[1] http://medind.nic.in/icb/t05/i3/icbt05i3p239.pdf
I don't see anything unreasonable here as they are public workers. They are paid for by taxpayers and taxpayers should damn well be able to see how much public workers get paid. Besides, the public workers all agreed to this when they enter into the contract.
More than $300,000 was raised on Kickstarter for Ghost, so after seeing this public release of Ghost I was really surprised. It is so simple, I could have paid a developer $500 to make it with more features.

The Ghost admin panel doesn't allow editing themes, the post doesn't have buttons that allow you to quickly format posts, there are no SEO options/plugins, there is no theme editor that allows editing of themes, no sidebars, no multi-user creation, no e-mail to post, etc. Too many features are missing and this is very simple. WordPress is better, there just is no debate on this right now.
Ggplot for python
There's some kind of upgrade in the works: http://www.caltrain.com/projectsplans/CaltrainModernization/...
Any advice on books to start with?
Here is my perspective as a daily BART rider where 99% of the time I also have a bike, as well as often travelling with small kids/strollers (Forgive my BART Rage): If you have ever taken a BART elevator; every single BART employee should be fired, here is why:

BART elevators, in 100% of my experience over the years has been a cesspool covered in urine and who knows what. EVERY time I take the elevator - I hit the emergency help button and complain about the stench, the state of the service.

Every station operator has had the exact same response: "It's not my job" -- to which I tell them "Then tell someone whose job it is!"

---

I am enraged that I have to pay for such a horrible rider experience, that I have to subject my small children to the horrific conditions of the BART elevators, their filthy cloth seats and their terrible customer service.

I would be happy to have these people make a great salary if they could keep the basics of a clean, safe, efficient service going. As it stands now - I have no sympathy for anything they are doing due to the conditions of the service.

I now exclusively take my bike up the escalator. The station operators try to tell me to take the elevator, and I say I refuse to take it until they clean them.
Then don't plan on working for the government.

I work in Higher Education and every few years the local newspaper in my area posts our salary information on the web, just in a less visual way.
These types of errors / issues / design choices are more common than you think. You'd be very surprised, but you can even see it on major sites.
The problem is that on one hand the try to talk about "America's upper class", on the other hand they restrict themselves to looking at members of the Forbes 400.

In other words: They're seemingly trying to make the story sound more relevant than it is, by framing it as if they have something to say about "America's upper class", when the data they look at consists only of a tiny subset of extreme outliers.
Damn. Nice.

This article is really true, and is terrible news for Microsoft. Many great applications do one thing well.

Github --> source control (and issue track, ok whatever).
Dropbox --> File storage on devices
Sublime --> Code editing
MailChimp --> Email Marketing

Hopefully, the days of doing everything within one program are over. The "microsoft word can build a website" concept needs to die hard.

Developers have always been building on top of people's solved problems, but we are slowly learning to formalize that into a sustainable business agreement via API, which is exceedingly good for the pace of growth.

A good application over the next few years might take Twilio, Mailchimp, Dropbox, and Github and add something uniquely special on top.
Lavabit to Briefly Reinstate Services for Data Recovery
I like how you can click on a person's representative dot and follow them through the different sorting metrics. One point stood out to me: how does Assistant Treasurer Ms. Collier get $289,534 in "other" pay? The raw data provided didn't offer any details, and http://www.mercurynews.com/salaries/bay-area/2012 classifies "Other" as lump sum payouts for vacation, sick-leave, bonuses and comp-time. How does the assistant treasurer get such a high bonus? (For reference, one other assistant treasurer was included in the data, and made a base of 150k (vs Ms Collier's $30K), but only 6k in "other" payment).

Visualizations make it very easy to spot outliers like this.
Renting a couch in SF costs more than a studio in LA
Does AES-GCM with AES-NI and PCLMULQDQ beat Salsa20+Poly1305 with lots of sessions? I know it's got excellent cycles/byte for a single session, but TLS implementations also need agility.
* If you want a real exodus with a significant change of economic area, move to Baltimore or Detroit or Philadelphia or Austin. I just don't see an 'exodus' when people are changing zipcodes but keeping their basic business landscape intact.*

Agreed. San Francisco's in late August as far as the urban cycle of wealth generation => congestion/NIMBY => cultural stagnation => abandon => renewal => ... goes. August. Hot, sticky, little growth. (This might apply to the SF climate, but in most of the US, August is a time of stagnation.) What the young people trying to get established really need is a different season, like Austin's early-May or Baltimore's late-March. (Or Detroit if you can tolerate being between the balls of January.)

If you're 22 and you go to the Bay Area thinking you'll be a VC-backed founder in 5 years and rich enough to retire in 10, then sorry, but you were born 10-15 years too late.
The skill itself certainly doesn't require a degree. But, a degree does give you options to pursue other careers if you decide not to be a designer or developer. It never looks bad to have a computer science or related degree on your resume, but not having a degree at all could certainly limit your opportunities. I think the better advice would be to pursue an economically responsible degree while supplementing your skill set with services like treehouse. Just my opinion, of course.
Show HN: New web scraping tool driven by sample
What if the world was one big LAN?
Sherlocking Everyone Else
Counting Fingers
Well, true, somebody that wants to game the system will find a way.

However, you could still say that everything up to 20 Million* has a lower tax on it and you can give that to your kids in legal ways. I think Warren Buffett and Bill Gates want to give most of their wealth away with a similar reasoning anyways.

That amount of money is still enough to buy a Ferrari and never work again while taking loads of drugs in Monaco every day.

The extra layer of indirection might be enough to guide people in the right direction. I am not sure many people would bet their fortune on their son/daughter in law being good to their kids indefinitely. That would probably provoke some very annoying lawsuits between your kids and their spouses sooner or later.

*= With some correction for inflation over the years, but lets say 20 Million of todays Dollars for example.
Is there some way I can submit corrections? I've found a few typos/grammar mistakes on the first few pages, but can't seem to find any contact information.
From the article:

> Kaplan and Rauh find that America’s wealthiest are no longer a collection of Rockefellers and Carnegies. During the period the researchers investigated, the number of individuals on the Forbes 400 who were the first in their family to run a business rose from 40% to 69%. Sixty percent of individuals on the list grew up wealthy in 1982 while only 32% did in 2011.

> Although being born into wealth is less and less necessary for admission to the club of America’s wealthiest individuals, ...
This seems pretty much the same pattern as my issue with DO last month. Better to move your service to AWS or Linode.

In Case anyone wants to check.

The Blog Post : http://serdardogruyol.com/?p=122
The HN Thread : https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6438761
My point was that literary character doesn't have to be an absolutely accurate depiction of the real people for it to (potentially) have the effect mentioned in the study. If each character is just a representation of the author's perception of other people, it's still something new that the reader couldn't have known otherwise.

>It's funny you brought up the Mona Lisa, a painting with an expression so strange there's little agreement about what emotion it's conveying at all.

It was brought up to say that the quality (or lack thereof) of a subset of all the works has no bearing on the quality of the better works in an area. Of course, you won't gain any new insight on psychology of vampire nor people in love from Twilight. And on incomprehensibleness, well let's say that if people learn that human's emotion might in fact be a giant mess, that we're not particularly (ir)rational nor simple, that would still be some understanding, isn't it? :-)
thanks for all those kind words.
If you need compatibility with any new template engine, do not hesitate to submit a specific issue on github.
Then toggle the drop-down to Salary + OT + Misc.
They kind of do https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Unicode/List_of_useful_symbols
It's not just guessing. The Carpalx does have algorithms for scoring various characteristics like finger bigrams, finger travel, and outputs the optimal results based on scores for key presses and bigrams, etc.
I like you. You seem to get it. It's interesting how quickly people forget/ignore what life was like in Warsaw pact countries. Then when presented with one as an example they resort to "they practiced the wrong kind of Socialism" or "it failed because they did or didn't do X."

When I ask my friends who lived there during that period they unanimously proclaim how much better life is now and how the standard of living has dramatically improved. Many more people can afford cars and there is incentive to work hard.
The necessity of computing power is only true if the distributed currency is based on proof-of-work. Consider PPCoin which is a hybrid proof-of-work/proof-of-stake currency -- even if you have most of the computing power, you shouldn't be able to double-spend without holding a large amount of the currency as well.
Scientists create the first graphene-based holographic optical disc
I like following around Carl Oliver highest compensated union employee at 271k has an 80k base pay 121k in overtime, 23k in "other" (with that much overtime you better get a bonus) and 4k in "Misc" (not sure the diff between that and "other")
Literally clicked away from this article to Facebook.

Maybe I have a problem. ;)
Google's Adam Langley has just proposed ChaCha20 with Poly1305 for TLS, and says the performance is pretty good (~5x faster than AES-GCM in software).

https://www.imperialviolet.org/2013/10/07/chacha20.html
This is kind of a circular argument, business runs with debt in the short term nowadays because our current system is being set up this way. It doesn't mean with some other settings, debt is an absolutely necessary (it also doesn't mean that the "other setting" won't be just Finance 2.0, however).