skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
>>And, most importantly, FISC judges do not have power that extends to all cases in law and equity under the Constitution. In fact, the only thing they're empowered to do is authorizing FISA certifications.

The FISA court has limited subject matter jurisdiction but I disagree that limited subject matter jurisdiction is impossible for an article III court.
Article III says explicitly:"The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity.." not that every article III court must be empowered to hear an case whatsoever. I contend that this refers to the maximal subject matter that any article III court may consider, not that every article III court must be constitutionally empowered to consider any case that falls under Article III sec 2 requirements.

If this was the case temporary judicial courts convened for a specific purpose would be plainly unconstitutional. I am no aware of no one who considers the Court of International Trade to be an article I court because of its limited jurisdiction. It only hears customs cases by law(28 USC 255). This is exactly analogous to the FISA Court/FISCR in their limited jurisdiction.

EDIT:
See Kevork 634 F.Supp. 1002
"The defendants also contend that FISA violates Article III of the Constitution because the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court is not a proper Article III court and because the Act delegates judicial power to the Executive Branch. In addition, the defendants argue that the structure of the FISA court denies its judges their judicial independence, making the Court a rubber stamp. These arguments were raised and rejected in... I also reject these contentions."

The court rejected the argument that the FISA court was not an article III court.
Interesting though this is, all it really shows is that there is a bias in the random number generation.

I would be more interested to know if this is sufficient to break Cryptocat. Would this really make a brute force attempt much easier?
It's OK to be outraged by huge numbers even if they're small fractions. Personally (unrelated to the current topic), I'm outraged by the idea of executing even a single innocent person; it doesn't matter if 99.9% of convicted, executed murderers are in truth murdering unrepentant, if one person is executed wrongly, that's a big fucking deal.

But I gotta disagree with you on goods versus money. Trying to provide goods to everyone is inefficient and wasteful. It's central planning, and the central planners don't know what the situation is on the ground, and can't customize the plan to every situation. Free beds, great. What if the guy already has a bed? What if he's got a friend whose couch he can crash on and can do without a bed for a year or three? What's he supposed to do with it? So it goes with everything. If you gave him the money instead, he could do something else with it. Buy booze and heroin, maybe, but he could also spend it on welding classes or a netbook, get a job, advance himself.

Just giving people money is the essence of American socialism. Planned economies have vouchers for bread, vouchers for beds, vouchers for cars. And it works like shit, because the planners can't plan for everything, can't adapt to the situation on the ground. America has Social Security. We send you a check, and you spend it on whatever your greatest need is. It's worlds better, because the people with the most information are making the decisions on how to allocate resources. It's capitalism-tastic.
I agree snail-mailing needs a revamp. Their service would be interesting if I could use their API to send mail to an international country from the US and their edge centers sent it from within that international country. That way the mail would get there much faster than the traditional route.
what kind of stuff do you normally do? what is "good money" in terms of USD?
I thought it was going to have a small and large version within it?
I upvoted this because, of course, it confirms my own biases, but kind of wish I hadn't, because we're not helping with comments like these.
India's deindustrialization
What are the most awesome psychological facts that you know of?
I think the middle class is defined to be those people who have enough income that mere survival is not a daily concern, but do not have so much money they don't have to work.

That is, indeed, most people, which is why further divisions are useful, and so we talk of "lower-middle" and "upper-middle".
Ask HN: What article submission has accumulated the most points to date?
Note that this is the same justification the authorities use for actions like warrantless GPS tracking of cars or recording of phone call meta-data.

That you have no expectation of privacy about where your car moves because someone could just follow you around.
When dashcam videos are all instantly uploaded to youtube, and you can run license-plate recognition on the entire database to track someones's car around, then we might start getting concerned.
And while I care a little about the FBI's ability to constantly track my car for reasons of principle, my concerns get a lot more practical when my boss is tracking my car to make sure I'm really sick or not going on job interviews.
I think the criticism of the loop is a bit unfair. If your random number generator returns >250 a thousand times in a row, you have bigger problems than slowness.
Where good ideas fail
Securities work a similar same way -- When you're looking at your portfolio you're only directly monitoring the individual fields for the securities in your portfolio, not the entire firehose. The OPRA feed is an equivalent to the raw Twitter firehose, only much fatter. Once you integrate it into the last-mile display to the users, you're doing all the same things. This is typically done with multicast topic-style subscriptions by ticker / type of data. It makes sense that if Lady Gaga writes a tweet you only want it to be "1 timeline delivery" (multicast) as opposed to "31 million timeline deliveries", which is making your infrastructure do a lot more work. Granted, you're kind of limited by what the browser can do in this regard, so you're kind of stuck with the socket model.
Why public libraries should follow Chicago’s lead and build maker labs
Ask HN: What should be the response for a second keep me signed in kicked in?
The Keep Me Signed In feature is very useful and friendly, especially when users go to your website at home pc. It's all about trust with a little risk, and usually implemented using encrypted cookie.

Say when one user has turn this sign on in his account on one PC, somehow there is a second user also want to turn it on. Which way do you prefer to go?

1. Do you allow the second user to have his own cookie? How?

2. Simply reject the second user?

3. Simply turn off the first user's automatic login since the PC is shared?

If the second user opens the browser, he may be already automatically signed in the first user's account.

One possible condition is: both of accounts are belong to the same user, and he would like to use the second one as default auto-login, but does not want to turn it off from the first account. This scenario is rare, but inclined to choose the 3rd way.

How do you think?
Toosell blog | Way to Replace the Case of Sony Ericsson K850i
Prism Break
Fast integer compression in Java
I'm confused as to how we went from 1984 being a cautionary tale to 1984 being secretly implemented; and no one seems to give a shit.
This isn't a very good article. I think the NSA is reasoning that revealing data via FOIA requests reveals its own capabilities which it wants secret. There's surely an argument to be made that we're all considered national security threats, but its responses to FOIA requests don't support that argument (at least not directly which this blogger seems to think).

Can the journalists of our world at least do a little more analysis and extensive research? I think your average HN reader could put together a better article than this one. I guess it's time to automate journalism.

Sorry for the rant. I'd love to discuss NSA more, but journalism or lack thereof is almost as much to blame for our country's woes. Obviously, this blogger has the right idea and goals, but probably spent all of 15 minutes writing this article.

I think you could create a program which would accept topic sentences and then scour the web to find facts supporting that topic, hopefully facts from recent and relevant primary sources, instead of what bloggers do these days, which is regurgitate other articles.
This isn't a disclosure of a new vulnerability; it's a followup on an earlier article which documented a much more significant problem with key management in Cryptocat.
Unions make headway because human labor is a component that is needed in the completion of the product/service.

Once they are replaced by cost-effective automation, there is little to no leverage they have.
I agree with this 100%

Who would adopt a NEW google-ism at this point?
You have some good points, but some of them miss the mark. I entirely disagree with you sentiment that "you have to take the bus (or ride a bike)" is a downside. I consider this a major selling point to SF, you can get drinks with friends and not have to worry about driving under the influence. Almost every other city I have been to, you either need a DD, or you have to pony up a ton of money for a cab.

Regarding the old houses, roommates, and homelessness, by themselves none of these are really that big of a deal, and are probably pretty common in any major city. What is a little absurd (and you sort of alluded to this), is that we are paying some of the highest rent in the country, for these 'privileges'. However, I imagine most people who live here, including myself, don't exactly look at it that way. Instead, we look at it as we are paying high rent, for the privilege of living in SF and all it's perks (good jobs, active social life, etc..), and the old houses, roommates and homelessness are just a part of SF life.
I am sorry but make a study where you let 10 people meditate and 10 people not (I am aware that the numbers are not correct, just don't want to read it again) and then observe who is willing to give up seat is downright laughable. It has nothing to do with creativity. I imagine that the mentioned professor thought "Ok guys we need to do something new, meditation is now getting popular lets take a hit on it ASAP." There are two things that really irritates me about this:

1) The fact that they based the outcome on giving up seat for someone. They could as well give them a gun and see who is willing to shoot someone. it has NOTHING to do with meditation. What they should test instead is work productivity, energy levels, sleep habits etc. those are factors that are supposed to be influenced by meditation. But why didn't they? Well because it would require a hell of a lot more work. Why not just do the one with taken chair? ... lol

2) The fact that this article is published by New York Times. This "work" should not get attention from big publications in my opinion.
The problem with home ownership is that people don't know how to properly value risk the way financial institutions do.

One of the more eye-opening assignments I've had was working with portfolio theory for a bank. Portfolio is pretty much hoppycock used to explain for the customer why they bank lost money on your investment. Giving you nice charts for how much risk was taken and how they performed compared to some index. While portfolio theory in itself is BS it demonstrates well how risk is something that has a value, and protecting against that risk costs money (hedging)

Texas Hold'em is the same, what is the risk (odds of winning) and how much can I win determines how much I can bet (invest) in a hand (home).

With homes people have no proper sense of the risks they're taking. Cognitive dissonance together with a surprisingly short view of history and survivor bias makes investing a home seem like a no brainer.

Its often futile to even have a discussions of potential risks with a homeowner because they don't want to hear it. Sure the risk might greater or it mighty be less in the same way that you can play russian roulette with one bullet or five, but there's always some risk and often greater than you would think in these times.

Homeowners however vehemently will deny any risk and keep spouting about how homes have gone up in the last 5, 10, 20 or whatever years and some neighbour who made it rich. In any case they say if the price goes down I'll stay put until it goes up again since I have no plans of moving, like the bank won't take your home if it goes down enough that you can't cover your mortage.

I'm not saying you absolutely shouldn't by a home but at least one should be aware of the risks :)
Lake Vostok Accretion Ice Contains a Diverse Set of Sequences
300K QPS is pretty impressive. If you'd want to sustain that rate on a single modern machine you'll have to fit all your processing into about thirty LLC misses per request.
Actually, you do have to teach most high schoolers (actually most people) what "A or B" means. The common usage reads that as "A xor B"
> I have never understood, and probably will never understand, why so many people on HN seem to think "critical" == "insulting" == "harsh".

I think that's the influence of California culture on the startup community. I'm a New Yorker, so harsh for me is telling me if my brother were still alive my app would give him cancer all over again. In California, I've been told I'm being overly critical and harsh for saying I think using node.js wouldn't work for the application and we should try nginx. Some managers I've had even thought I was mad at them because I didn't smile at them enough during the day. For better or worse, people on the west coast are more sensitive to negativity than people from the northeast. Maybe it has something to do with the winters (or lack thereof). :)

The point being, the dividing line between destructive and constructive criticism can vary greatly depending on the person and the culture they're from. I guess that's where the voting from pending to live comes into play. It'll be interesting to see where that dividing line lands for the community as a whole.
Are you sure about Comic Sans? The only information I could find from Microsoft was on their font redistribution FAQ [1] and it says

Until recently, most fonts that include a Microsoft
copyright or trademark notice have only been available
as part of Microsoft products. Although some fonts
remain Microsoft-exclusive, a number of Microsoft fonts
are now available to end users, ISVs and OEMs under
license from Ascender Corporation. These include
'Verdana', 'Georgia', 'Comic Sans MS', 'Microsoft Sans
Serif', 'Nina', 'Tahoma', 'Wingdings', 'Webdings' and
'Trebuchet MS'.

Doesn't that mean that to use Comic Sans you have to negotiate with Ascender Corporation? I couldn't find anything on Ascender's website suggesting any font at all was free to use (I didn't read everything carefully though), and about the MS core web fonts specifically this page [2] makes it sounds like you need to buy a license from them to use them:

Monotype is proud to offer the Microsoft Web Core Fonts
for license to software developers and hardware
manufacturers who want to provide a consistent web
browsing experience in their products.

Please contact Monotype for more information about the
Microsoft Core Fonts for the Web.

[1] http://www.microsoft.com/typography/RedistributionFAQ.mspx

[2] http://www.ascendercorp.com/catalog/microsoft/web-core-fonts...
3D Printed Batteries Showcased as Future Energy Solution
Basic quantum physics tabletop game
Have you considered how many people are going to be out of work?
I admit the QPS/MPS thing doesn't really fit. I mainly wanted to illustrate the data rates of the raw feeds. Twitter has one of the largest raw feeds of the web world, but it's useful to know how that compares to other non-web feeds.
Immersion: a people-centric view of your email life using only your metadata
> I understand that having a PRNG that doesn't return numbers with even distribution across a range is bad.

That's (potentially dangerously) oversimplified. Uniformity is one of the consequences rather than the requirement itself. The core requirement is unpredictability. If the output is non-uniform, it means the output isn't fully unpredictable (which may or may not lead to practical attacks depending on the degree of the problem and how the PRNG is actually being used).

Meanwhile, you can also create a uniform PRNG that isn't secure at all (e.g. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mersenne_twister ).
In a previous news post about Afghanistan in the 60s, I mentioned British colonial rule as a major player in the deindustrialization of India. This was something I heard in my economics class a while ago, so I looked more into it and found this paper.

Section 2 of the paper gives a nice narrative of the events. In summary the paper proposes two events played a role in destroying the textile industry of India in the 18th century. Firstly, the political turmoil at the time of the dissolution of the Mughal empire, which reduced agricultural productivity, among other things. This raised prices of food, thus of manufactured goods such as textiles.Secondly, East India Company rule led to pro-British policies, namely reducing import tariffs and destroying the industry because it couldn't compete to the more advanced productivity of the British goods.

This second point is something we see often now through the mess of the Washington consensus: We get rid of trade barriers in countries whose industries couldn't possibly compete because they've not yet developed properly. This destroys any possibility of a local market being created properly. Infant industry protection is necessary to allow growth in beginning stages of developement, and destroying trade barriers is the worst thing we can do on that front.
You sure about that? I haven't tried it in-person, but this description in the "First Encounter" seems to directly contradict what you said:

http://blog.launch.co/blog/the-unbearable-wearable-google-gl...

How close do you need to be to see the flashing red light?
Why not a 2-word struct with the rune count instead of the byte count? There's zero performance cost for many strings because the rune count is known at compile time. For the rest, most strings are too short for Big-O analysis to be relevant and I would guess (enlighten me if I'm wrong) that the cost of computing the bounds of each character is negligible on a modern processor. Multi-byte chars in a string are going to be adjacent in memory, adjacent in cache, and therefore trivial for today's not-at-all-instruction-bound CPUs. Again, correct me if I'm wrong.
What kind of problems have you seen with the euro sign? Are you talking about badly designed free fonts which render terribly and have missing glyphs?

This is not about "coming up with new symbols" - there isn't a current symbol for Kenya's currency. Currencies, country codes and languages are subject to change over the years and our tech should embrace that.
I agree that an off-by-one error is not a huge deal in most cases, but cryptography is one of those places where you cannot get it wrong. The programmers, or a employee well-versed in cryptography, should have ran a Chi-Squared test immediately on the random data to make sure it was random. (That is the first thing I would try, and I only have a working knowledge of statistics and cryptography.)

Cryptography is unforgiving, and when your code could seriously endanger someone else, you have to be constantly vigilant.
Considering we already know that they're paying people to post on social news websites like Reddit and HN, it's not especially unlikely.
Whether Cryptocat programmers suck or not, I've seen worse errors from better programmers. I'm not sure what's the metric to follow here when it comes to correlating these two items.
Second this, horrible title. @OP - use something more concretely descriptive, sensationalistic karma-whoring bs titles like are just gonna flagged, no matter how good the content is.
Your solution is the quickest but inapparent to many. It worked perfectly for me
* Acutally it's hit home button

* Swipe up for camera

* Hit record, boom done

Bet ya I could do it faster than talking to google glass.

I think there needs to be showdown of who can get the camera out faster.
Sure but the author(s) of Cryptocat have been so uniquely resistant to help/input, over a fairly long period of time. Maybe your euphemism 'unserious' is worth adopting for every time one wants to say 'bad' or 'incompetent', in cases like this.
People like you? People that haven't studied CS?

Hmm, let me check, yup. I understand promises fully.

Anywho. They are not hard to learn. Watch a few videos. James Coglan talks are excellent, watch twice even.

Finally if you don't like a library, find another, see if the glove fits.
A very good point. I still think it's a big win if it makes it 1% easier for new programmers to understand.
My bet is they will offer it for free very soon. Beta testing for UPS / Fedex international http://blog.easypost.com/post/50350200681/ups-international-...
iirc the vast majority of exec use is house cleaning as well so it does seem that the generic -> specific refocus is quite common in this space.
One part that's currently missing from Google Glass and that sets it apart from the dashcam example is the ability to continuously record on a circular buffer, mostly due to constraints in battery life. But once that's possible I would expect many interesting videos to start hitting the internet, as you could essentially save the last x minutes of video to file.

A good example of this is the video of the SFO crash landing. It was somewhat unlikely and miraculous that someone just happened to be filming at that time, but in the future there might be tens or hundreds of videos from all the eye witnesses. And not just for this event but any other.

It's interesting to think about other repercussions of such technology. From the innocent (such as a large increase in the amount of embarrassing videos on YouTube) to important (such as reconstructing a crime event (think boston bombing)) or scary (blackmail?).
We're getting one of these in the public library in Downtown Orlando, FL ... looking forward to when it opens :)

http://tic.ocls.info/
It startles me that law enforcement can go over the top like this in their efforts. I've been trying to get a (bad) drug dealer arrested for over a year and the Seattle Police won't even return my communication.
I think the project is worth criticizing, but that the concerns are serious enough to deserve better than snark.
For a trial, I'd expect you started on the paid infrastructure from day 1, even though you hadn't paid yet. That would mean no migration and no downtime.
I agree. I can't imagine where $0.15 makes sense for anyone. Margins in this business are very tight. I'd love to see a monthly plan.
I don't think the problem has much to do with how good a programmer you are.
Very nice. Didn't think we'd be seriously discussing alternatives to the Internet in 2013 =) (https://projectmeshnet.org/) ... maybe this will spur innovation! Cheers.
TFA said that Facebook paid it his parental leave. If FB thinks it is worth it to retain him as an employee, it's their money.

The US government on the other hand seriously doesn't give a fuck about families since most of their programs are oriented to single mothers. Also there is no federally mandated parental leave http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parental_leave