skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Good one. I have used the more comprehensive CIA world fact book before but this one is helpful for quick info.
The isotope of plutonium that's used in radiothermal generators for space missions, Pu-238, is something you produce specially. Usually you get Np-237 from spent reactor fuel, and then bombard it with neutrons in a reactor designed for producing useful isotopes.
Hopefully next time we'll get whistleblowers who actually know what they are talking about and aren't insufferable drama queens.
Startups for Grownups
Astrid Winding Down
Astrid Winding Down

Hi XXX,

First off, we want to sincerely thank you for being an Astrid user over the years. Your support every step of the way has meant the world to us. As of August 5, 2013, we will be closing the Astrid service.

We know that a transition can be tough, but we want to make it as easy as possible for you. Please go to this link: astrid.com/home/export to download your data.

Once you have your data, we recommend you check out one of these applications. They will allow you to easily import your data, so you can pick up where you left off: Wrike, Wunderlist, Sandglaz, and Any.do.

When we built Astrid, we sought to help as many people as possible become happier, healthier and more productive – and we certainly hope we helped you. Thank you again for your support.

Best regards,
Jon Paris & the Astrid Team

Astrid Team
660 4th Street #259, San Francisco, CA, 94107
Assuming he were to fly commercial. What way can he get from SVO to Caracas (CCS)? Like what's a possible route whereby he isn't flying over france/italy/spain which have supposedly not allowed him to fly over their airspace?
Is a jet chartered for him? Does a G4 have the range? Where does it need to stop to refuel?
Copying a brain from a scan will probably take much longer than efforts to create intelligence from first principles (think of making a flying machine via reconstructing feathers, wings, etc...) However, in order to create a functional human-like brain inside a computer, we will most likely need to train it like a human brain using the same principles with use to teach humans. In so doing, we can endow it with the same morals and ethics we do our own children. Also, since early prototypes will be less-powerful than ours, we'll be able to test the morality of such intelligence in a much more gradual way.

Btw, I'm creating a brain prototype if you're interested in that sort of thing. Here's where most of the structure lies (https://github.com/crizCraig/brain/blob/master/src/neuron.py)
I think you missed part of my message, rdl has to charter the bus.
Who is to say that humans should help any other species to become the next step of our evolution?
See: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5997318
A great circle route from Murmansk to Caracas just touches the northern parts of Finland and Norway, and crosses Iceland. It's 9,300km long, so you should be able to modify that route to skirt those countries and stay under the 12,000km given.

http://www.gcmap.com/mapui?P=MMK-CCS&MS=wls2&DU=km
I love the /r/nfl (American Football) subreddit. It is one of the better moderated and informative subreddits if you are into American football.

Almost all my knowledge of Am.Football can be sourced to that subreddit.
But we want him to survive, safely and legally
There can never be any serious political dissent in the US or the EU, or anywhere else really, when it is impossible for a person to travel freely against the wishes of any one powerful government. As Maduro puts it: "The European people have seen the cowardice and the weakness of their governments, which now look like colonies of the United States," It's an important issue in its own right.
showed up a few moments ago in my mailbox
I've found the best subreddits to be the ones about hobbies or an activity you'd like to learn more about. I think of it less as a "community" and more of a good dump of information and news on a topic.

Part of the problem is that it often just turns into instagram for _____. Examples:

http://www.reddit.com/r/gardening
http://www.reddit.com/r/BBQ
http://www.reddit.com/r/homebrewing
No. I am saying that the conversation is about Snowden rather than the NSA because CNN and others have steered the conversation that direction.
That seems like a pretty sane comment. Is there something factual in it with which you disagree, or are you simply surprised at the existence of opinions other than your own?
I'm no mathematician, so this is probably a dumb question that will serve as a great example for why random programmers shouldn't write cryptosystems. However, here goes anyway.

Could a cryptographer please explain why it's not feasible to use multiple such PRNG algorithms in both series and parallel, perhaps even shuffling their order dynamically, at, err, random?

Surely most attacks on PRNGs are based upon the assumption that their state can be modelled to expose weaknesses. By viewing an entire, shifting, 'topology' of PRNGs as a single polymorphic source for pseudorandom data, surely this class of attack becomes much more difficult and we avoid either placing absolute trust in a single PRNG author, input entropy source, or a single mathematical approach.

I suppose this has already been done to the extent reasonable and that tradeoffs versus performance and available entropy input rates are probably responsible. But I'd still be keen to hear someone thrash this out in understandable prose.
Recreating a distributed web with Chicago Boss
That would be biased towards the frameworks named as some common word (like "go") being mistakenly marked as more popular than they are.
Most of the smaller subreddits are dead until they hit a critical mass where it just becomes a flavored microcosm of the front page. Strict moderation helps, but its hard to distinguish a community that is necessarily part of a much larger community.
Author here, to provide a bit of context.

Initially, this was just a fun project to see if I could replicate the magical Play! 1.x experience in much-less-magical Go. (Spoiler alert: yes)

Along the way, I started thinking more seriously about the right way to put together web applications and did more research into how Rails and Play 2.x are structured. Although Play 1.x was amazing, I think that there are some obvious areas for improvement -- the design of 2.x seems to be much better (although I'm personally allergic to Scala).

So the goal posts have shifted. I see this ending up as two things, conceptually:

1. A framework like Rack, in the sense of being a straightforward interface for writing and composing aspects of web applications. (Revel calls them Filters). Some components (Router, TemplateLoader) have defined interfaces so that other components can use them (but most components do not).

2. A default stack of components that work well together out of the box. No size fits all, but the two concrete use cases I have in mind are writing large business applications and REST APIs.

The goal is that the revel package shrinks to encompass just the "Rack"-like framework, and the revel command line tool can generate a project with the default components set up.

This appears to be achievable; it just requires a bit of work, and I have been quite busy with the day job. More people are using it than I anticipated, so I would like to complete the core design so that it can be properly released.

=====

APPENDIX (EDIT)

FAQ: "Why not just use vanilla Go, since it already provides X, Y, and Z":

Go certainly ships with more components in place than any language I'm aware of, but I still think there is a lot of value in providing a default stack of stuff with a fixed, conventional app organization in terms of lowering the cognitive load bar.

If you are making a single endpoint and are a Golang whiz, then Revel is not for you. But for many things it's about the concepts more than the code. For example, the code dealing with the flash cookie is not many lines; most of the value there is having it integrated, documented, and exampled. Empirically, I believe that Rails unlocked a latent desire for web development by lower the bar -- I think Revel can lower the bar for web development with Go in the same way.

Lastly, there is something to be said for having an integrated web framework instead of a franken-app composed of various libraries. Take parsing parameters as an example. With a library, how can you get close to the ease that Revel provides? [1]

You may think it's dumb, but I find it so much nicer to simply accept parameters as the type that I want them in, and let Revel figure it out instead of me having to figure out the right strconv / etc function to call. The goal is for Revel to take care of all that stuff and let me focus on the higher level stuff.

[1] http://robfig.github.io/revel/manual/binding.html#action_arg...
How can I trust that Ghostery is legit??
This looks neat. Here is how discover the world online.

- I start with some travel show or a foodalogue to see what people look like there, what is their ethnic makeup, what do they eat, how rich/happy are they, how advanced is their society. I would probably watch gordon ramsey's kitchen nightmares to get the first glace at britain.

- then I watch something about the current affairs of the country. Putin's russia ( Aljazeera documentary) /Khodorkovsky on netflix

- Read a book or two , both fiction and non fiction. Russia: Snowdrops (Fiction) , Starman: The Truth Behind the Legend of Yuri Gagarin.

- Then I dig deeper and try to see how the people there got to be like what they are now. Eg: Battle of Russia on Fandor, National Geographic's Engineering an empire( Russia).
Original source of the study http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2013/reddit.aspx
I have the exact opposite conclusion. I think sharing such information secretly exposes you to approximately the same risk of detection by the NSA, but much is much more dangerous since the public won't notice or care when you are arrested and held without trial.
The woodworking reddit was very much like instagram. I was surprised by the amount of pictures of pieces people wanted to build or pieces they were given/paid someone to make.
It has probably been done, but there is not much entropy in those low-precision temp readings. Linux support for ACPI is not great anyway.
That's right. It's the common argument against minimum wage, which a lot of people argue.
ROFL? 没有! Bwahahahah!
The guy is a walking, talking d!ck enlargement advertisement. He's got no artistic integrity left.
Finland and Norway might do a France/Portugal...
I don't like being redirected to Wikipedia on read more. When you do that, there is good chance that visitor is not coming back. I think you should display rest of the content on your site as well.
Here's my subscription list, ranked by popularity (you might want to read it backwards...)

http://pastebin.com/raw.php?i=tMxvZrRQ
r/rust is a nice place to keep up with what happens with the rust programming language. r/scala, sometimes quite quiet, has scala news. r/ocaml is very quiet, but probably still all you need to keep up with the news. (There are also other programming language subreddits.) r/programming is quite generic, HN is better, often links appear in both.

r/math is sometimes okay-ish. If interested in politics and general discussions about Europe, r/europe is nice, they are running a series of threads on what people know about different countries. (Maybe other parts of the world also have active subreddits.) r/worldnews is a nice-ish feed of current news, r/news if you're American.

r/truereddit values links to insightful articles, tries to be like the Reddit of old, but not particularly geek-oriented. r/depthhub collects links to insightful comments elsewhere in Reddit.

r/metal used to run a series of "letter of the day", for bands the names of which begin with the letter, great way to discover new bands [1]. r/cocktails has pretty good quality mixology content. Some surprisingly specific hobbies sometimes have nice subreddit communities, like r/telecaster, r/bourbon, r/firefly.

[1] archived here: http://www.reddit.com/r/Metal/comments/17ztap/metal_az_bonus...
Here we go again: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5996425

C++ is a tool just like any other language.
It is not the answer for every question, but it is pretty good.

Some companies use it heavily and they are pretty successful: Google, Microsoft, Oracle, Facebook, OKCupid etc.
So C++ is useful, even for Web.

BTW, it is used to implement PHP, Java Virtual Machine, Ruby, Windows and so on - that went reasonably well too.
Licklider's big mistake about Engelbart (50:30)
My thoughts on the post: http://notonlyluck.com/2013/07/05/no-valley-and-startups-for...
I listen to Jay-Z, and I am disappointed that you think me and my fellow fans are incapable of political thought. Many of his lyrics are political in nature (e.g. "99 Problems"), and like many aging pop stars, he has a lot of older listeners.

Hip hop has a long history of tackling political issues, and has been the most political genre of music for the last thirty years. I assure you, the hip hop community is, and has always been, concerned about government and corporate overreach.
Sure, I was considering cheap optimizations — APC is helpful, but not that helpful.

Most queries in most projects are cheap.

On the other hand, frameworks that have ORMs and other DB abstraction layers often make trade a little bit of DB time (and developer time) for a lot of framework time.

And as you say, scaling the DB is a lot harder than scaling the app servers (typically) — the implication being that trading framework performance for developer time makes a lot of sense.
Solar plane poised for last flight of US journey
I am sorry to say, but you're (probably) an anomaly.
He didn't mean you and your fellow fans, he mean fans of "music" sensation in general.
Come on, its 2013, journalists can not seriously still mix up data collection by the government with privacy issues in our new connected world. The one side has 24/7 drones in the sky armed with lethal weapons and a satellite uplink to they-won't-say-who, the other has data people have given them at their own discretion.
Norway has a disproportional chunk of the world's known Thorium reserves as well. It seems Slartibartfast rigged the energy lottery in their favor.
Given a choice between fewer jobs in which employees are actually able to support themselves and more where they can't, the former seems the more humane option...
Ok, but there's a huge difference between the VM being written in C or C++, versus the web application itself being written in C/C++.
Everything the NSA has done is completely legal and vetted.

You have absolutely no proof of that. If you'd read anything about the NSA, the history of it, or paid any attention at all, you'd know that to be false. Even if you were a casual observer of the situation, it would be foolish to make such a statement in defense of the NSA.
Venezuela has great beaches and lovely ladies, can't ask for much more.
I'm kind of surprised the number is that high, actually, and I've been an active member for 3 years. Outside of my tech/media circle, I know almost no one who uses Reddit. My local subreddit, r/nyc, could potentially be a good community board except that it's badly managed, though most of the local news sites skim content from it.
No worries. I know the correct spelling, but for some reason didn't notice that I kept typing it that way. Weird.
If you pull data from most OS-level RNGs (e.g. /dev/random on a Linux box), this is basically what you're getting. A bunch of hardware timing data, some of which may be at least partially predictable or observable, is passed through a hashing algorithm.

If the hashing algorithm is good, and an attacker is missing some reasonable chunk of the data that went into it, you're getting secure random numbers.
I'm sure it is better, native unicode support foremost of all is what I long for. But until it get's pretty ubiquitous module support it's not that useful in general.
HN snowballs because folk will see links in a popular post and post those links.
Drama...

/r/pyongyang is a joke subreddit where users are banned immediately if they don't tow the DPRK party line and ingratiate themselves with the Kims. OK, this is good for a 30 second laugh, but /r/conservative is mostly the same way! I guess conservatives feel they are in a siege with the rest of left-leaning (6% of US adults) reddit that they ban anyone who might seems not to toe the line.

On the other hand, /r/askscience and /r/askhistorians are of amazing high quality. There is tons to learn in many gems subreddits like these ones.
"Yet now, it’s Jay-Z who’s lurking — in my phone."
Honestly the worst piece of journalism I've read in quite some time.
This is an obvious attempt to lump two trending topics together, despite the fact that they're not really related.

Jay Z forces you to spam your friends to see his lyrics. The NSA logs your phone calls without your permission.

Big difference.
Going with Iceland kind of seems like a no-brainer. He initially went to Hong Kong, which has a much lower incident of Government corruption than even the US (forgot the link, saw this mentioned in an article). I'm guessing that Venezuela is not going to score very high on that list compared to Iceland. In addition, as others have mentioned, it becomes much more political, as there is an "enemy"/animosity vibe between us and some Latin American countries, whereas there is not with Iceland.

It would end up being kind of ironic and sad if he had to live in a country that ended up being just as corrupt and used this level of spying on its own citizens. Pretty confident that Iceland would not be pulling crap like that.
HipHop was originally just a source code converter. It basically took PHP source code and compiled it to C++ code. It's because they wanted to write in PHP but they needed C++ speed. But I don't think that's how it works anymore.
Same independent conclusion here. Poor titles...
Lua 5.3.0 (work1) now available
you're right, my friend. look up entropy. it's used in linux and windows kernels, and some processors have it implemented at a hardware level.
"The main change in Lua 5.3.0 is support for integers."
You could say the same of a password - which isn't what people traditionally mean by 'something you have,' e.g. some form of security token which is difficult or impossible to reproduce and of which physical possession is a requirement.
Vibe.d looks great. I have to ask about this:

http://forum.dlang.org/thread/urpqdftuofgwespkcdxg@forum.dla...

I added D to the language filters in anticipation!
True, to a point. Debunking one of these in a class is a good exercise. Preparing a lesson takes time, though, especially when you have to respond to something out of the blue. You could easily get caught spending all your limited spare time discussing why these theories aren't science, instead of the ones that are. Evolution is a big topic, and I'd rather spend my limited time dealing with the substantive bits.
This was an 80s cartoon.
Not exactly new, the FDA is just getting around* to releasing draft guidance [0] and is/has been ramping up their consideration of device security in the PMA/401k approval processes already. What really lit the fire under medical companies asses was the 2011 Blackhat presentation [1] of the hacked insulin pump. Depressingly and unsurprisingly the risk to reputation has been the biggest driver of security so far. The blowback also lead to congress commissioning a GAO report released almost a year ago [2] that concluded that the FDA really should do something and is actually more meaningful on evaluating software than the recent draft guidance. There was already some FDA guidance on security of devices containing COTS from 2005 [3], but wasn't just about COTS, and even the author of that guidance would tell you the biggest mistake in it was mentioning COTS in the title.

[0] http://www.fda.gov/downloads/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulation...
[1] http://www.blackhat.com/html/bh-us-11/bh-us-11-briefings.htm...
[2] http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-12-816
[3] http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidanc...

* This guidance is overdue and vague as usual. The FDA is generally well intentioned but politics will slow them down even after it's a forgone conclusion that they're going to do something.
There is always the Communications Act of 1934.
Godmother of Unix admins Evi Nemeth presumed lost at sea
engines.
We'd probably consider N pretty stupid if it just rolled over and died though.
Oh, this HN post again.
>I really don't know if Snowden knows that, but it would be really ironic if he accepted the proposal.

Snowden's not exactly in a position to be so picky, at the moment.
The Patriot Act was passed in late 2001. It was renewed in 2009.
Indeed. I'm not really sold on the idea, and addressing this is not a priority.

I just wanted to point out that I'm aware that it's a little funny to see fringe frameworks compared head-to-head with mainstreamers. But the charts are but one data point to consider in evaluating options. :)
Lecture on how to convert blu-ray to MKV with DVDFab Blu-ray  Ripper
This is a video tutorial on how to convert Blu-ray to MKV with DVDFab Blu-ray Ripper. DVDFab Blu-ray Ripper can help you to rip and convert Blu-ray discs into high definition MKV files. DVDFab Blu-ray Ripper at: http://www.dvdfab.com/blu-ray-ripper.htm
Also, +1 for building the application in Erlang on top of Cowboy (which Chicago Boss uses under the hood). You'll learn a lot, especially about the entire HTTP/Websocket protocol. Be prepared, however, to never want to develop a web application in another language again once you understand Erlang idioms and why they are superior to Go, Scala, Clojure, C++, etc. It is said, after all, that Erlang isn't a programming language but a DSL for distributed systems (this is, in fact, why it was built by Ericsson).
Maybe not Jay-Z's artistic statement, but I think it's an interesting artistic idea for a performer to make his fans choose between their privacy and their hunger for entertainment, in order to make a statement about the problem with our privacy being that we're too willing to trade it away. If that was his intention, I say "bravo."
Well, all applications are different so can't comment on your experience. For me APC does at least 2-3x in the max number of non-DB requests per second. Personally I think it is a lot.

As with any technology, ORM is just a tool. Used wisely it works great. Used it w/o understanding of what you are doing - you get a recipe for disaster.

"Most queries in most projects are cheap" is the true assumption for small projects. When you cross certain threshold, none of the non-cached queries are cheap (by non-caching I mean caching in all layers including the DB itself).

And I strongly disagree with "trading framework performance for developer time makes a lot of sense". In 99% of cases you DON'T care about performance. Yet, a "bad" framework adds penalty in 100% of cases. I strongly prefer to have a good-enough performance from the framework and then focus on this 1% of cases when it matters (and in majority of cases, it's the DB, not the app code).