skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
"The attractiveness of logic
programming, when it was first
launched, was that
it had a ready-made declarative
reading, which was expected to make
a big
difference for programming.
Unfortunately, Prolog also had a bad
procedural
reading that people struggled with.
So, in practice, Prolog programmers
spent almost all of their effort on
the procedural meaning, and the
declarative meaning went out of the
window. In the end, Prolog was a
good
dream, but a bad reality.
Coming to classical logic per se, I
believe it is ill-fit for describing
computer programs or "processes" as
you call them. First of all,
classical
logic doesn't have any well-
developed notion of time or
dynamics, and it has
a nasty existential quantifier which
assumes that all things exist once
and
for all. In computer systems, new
things come into being all the time,
well
beyond the time of the original
development or deployment. We know
how to
write computer programs that deal
with that. Classical logic
doesn't. (LEJ
Brouwer made this criticism a long
time ago in the context of
mathematics.
There it might have been just a
philosophical problem. But in
Computer
Science, it is a practical
problem.)

I believe logicians of philosophical
inclination are prone to be enamored
with what they have and lose sight
of what they don't have. For a good
part
of two millennia, they kept debating
Aristotilean syllogisms, without
realizing that classical logic was
yet to be discovered. Finally, it
was
left to the mathematicians to
formulate classical logic. The
logicians of
today are similarly enamored with
classical logic without much of an
understanding of what it lacks. We
would be ill-advised to listen to
them.
Or, we would be stuck for another
two millennia, God forbid.
[By the way, the Wikipedia page on
Classical Logic is in a pitiful
state. I
hope somebody will pay attention to
it.]

Brilliant new things are happening
in Logic.
- Mathematicians have formulated
Toposes (a generalization of Kripke
models), which give us a great new
variety of models for intuitionistic
logic. There are deep mathematical
facts buried in them and continue to
be
discovered. Toposes and
intuitionistic logic are appropriate
for modeling
computer programs, which live in a
growing dynamic world rather than a
static one.
- Girard has formulated Linear
Logic, which broadens our idea of
what kind
of "things" a logic can talk about.
David Pym and Peter O'Hearn invented
Bunched Implication Logic, extending
Linear Logic with a beautiful
model-theoretic basis. These logics
applied to imperative programming
(which go by the name of "Separation
Logic") are revolutionizing the
development of technology for
imperative programs.
It is time to leave behind the
classical logic. In fact, we should
have
done it a long time ago."

- Prof Uday Reddy on the types mailing list.

http://lists.seas.upenn.edu/pipermail/types-list/2013/001684...
They're shutting down nuclear power, building an incoherent mixture of coal, solar, and wind, causing both skyrocketing electricity prices and increasing CO2.

http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/european-commissi...

http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21569039-europes-ener...
I just finished writing a post about pretty much about the same thing (http://maxmackie.com/2013/06/08/We-have-a-very-important-dec...).

(I tried submitting my link but I'm getting a "Please try again" error every time, so I gave up. Feel free to post it yourself.)

Thing is, we have the ability to take action right now. The author of the post on reddit is right: things like this already happen in other parts of the world. We have ways of protecting ourselves at our disposal. They're even accessible to non-techy people. People just need to recognize the events of the past couple days as an actual threat.
The real question is: When do you have a reasonable expectation of privacy, either online or IRL?

Yes, I have curtains, but unless I close them, I don't expect privacy. If I'm using mainstream social media sites, I don't expect privacy either. The problem is that most people don't think about the "curtains" being open by default when they're online.

I think we do have a right to privacy and obviously most people have something to hide, but that privacy should require intentional effort to enable (eg closing the curtains, TOR + VPN).
https://github.com/angular/angularjs-batarang
One thing that stands out on the buy-back scheme is that Telsa might be in a good position to recycle/recondition the battery units for far cheaper than it costs to manufacture them initially.

I'm not all that well-versed on the chemistry of the LiIon tech they use, but other battery chemistries (lead-acid, especially) are reasonably easy to recondition.

Anyone who knows more want to chime in?
http://spectrum.ieee.org/energy/renewables/germany-takes-the...

Basically, the nature of solar and wind power compared to the classical utility power is severely at odds if you try to shift to solar/wind too fast. It's more complicated than just comparing direct vs alternating current but it can be simplified to that.
So, we're supposed to think this is okay because a secret court approves it? A court that doesn't deny requests, a court that was just proven to approve monitoring every phone call in the nation? We're supposed to believe that court is protecting our privacy.

I don't care if this was all legal. Everything the Soviet Union did was legal under their laws. I care that this was wrong.
Because there aren't enough markdown based blogging platforms.
> and into Polish here

This is, at best, an odd machine translation.
I would say that there is a difference between artificial intelligence and artificial human intelligence.

Then again, I also prefer the terminology "synthetic" to "artificial".
Support for analytics like Google?
http://sam.roon.io
Sorry, yes, idiosyncratic. "DFG" is the term used in the webkit js engine.
404 page where you kill zombies and save kittens
I'd tend to think if it ain't broke don't fix it.
No.

The hivemind is doing its best to brainwash you into finding these things interesting, but sadly the process is not 100% reliable. You may therefore find there are periods when everything posted here is rather dull to you. Please use any remaining free will to visit another site.
Supercharge your energy levels and focus less on time
@wnight: You have been hellbanned for several days.
Staying Technical as a Manager - I sold my soul to the devil
Right. There's a difference between "respect" and "protect" - I think US policy should be to respect the rights of everyone, and protect the rights of citizens; it should protect the rights of others when it can do so conveniently and without stomping on too much else, but it should really commit to those first two.
Poll: Will you be changing how you manage your data after the NSA scandal?
Despite what many have suspected, I think it's fair to say that most people have been shocked at the scale of the NSA's surveillance both of US citizens and abroad. Will you be making any changes to how you store or manage your data after the scandals?
No, I'm ok with it.
I'd like to do something but it's too difficult to avoid using cloud services.
I'm going to try to use services from non-US companies hosted outside the US.
I'm only going to use services that allow client side encryption.
I'm going to host all my own services.
I wonder if this is an example of one of the freedoms that they hate us for.
Requiring a signup before I can find out anything about the service is pretty upsetting. Luckily, the signup process doesn't require email validation to start using the service...so I hope the enjoy the garbage user data I entered to try it out.
What's the total output of solar and wind in California?
I like it, but it's vey difficult to get the link to the HN comments (hint: it's in the points /comment number). The comments are usually very helpful to understand the details I always want to see them.
It's important to note that there is absolutely no proof Manning leaked this, as the video was never posted online:

> Assange blamed former spokesperson Daniel Domscheit-Berg for taking the video, who said he had deleted it along with 35,000 other files when he left Wikileaks in September 2010. To date, the video has never been publicly released.
Convincing an already scared-of-nuclear population to allow the building of an experimental (big, scary word) reactor after a disaster like Fukushima is a maddening prospect for an entrepreneur or even an established company. It more than 25 years between the Three Mile Island "disaster" and the start of construction of new nuclear reactors. It's a miracle they were approved so shortly after Fukushima, but by the time you're ready to issue construction permits hundreds of millions if not billions have already been invested.

A full blown reactor (with immediate infrastructure) costs at least $2-3 billion in markets with cheap labor and upwards of $5-10 billion in the developed world. The other issue is that most of the cost of mining, processing, and storing fuel and waste is externalized, which much of the government is no longer as willing to do after Yucca Mountain was canceled.

If it costs that much to build a reactor, how much does it cost to test a new design?
Purely hypothetical: what if the government is doing this, the CEOs are aware the government is doing this, it's only happened, say three times, and they were given the personal opportunity to review the information requests, and they felt it was justified. Then what? Would they still be cowardly?
Read this, then: http://www.reddit.com/r/changemyview/comments/1fv4r6/i_belie...
(spoilers)
It was absolutely awful. So many plot holes, so many abjectly stupid decisions by supposed geniuses, so much misuse of the classic Kirk/Spock relationship as though it exists at that point in the alternate timeline, and the ultimate move in bad taste... having Spock emotionally yell out "Kahn!".

I had countless moments in that film where I was snapped out of moment of watching a movie and checking my phone to see what time it was. Closest I've ever come to walking out of a scifi movie. Near the end of the film, I was desperately hoping that Kahn would kill them all.

Some really great explosions, though. Jerry Bruckheimer would be proud to produce such a fiasco. I expected better of Abrams.
That actually sounds about right. Which is why I'm not a journalist.
What are they selling? Ads on sexts? (Serious question it doesn't say how they intend to monetize).
So if an employee produces 0 or negative (as happens in several organizations) but receives wage X, are they exploiting their employer?

Microeconomic models that assume the marginal productivity of a worker can be calculated in advance are drastically at odds with the reality I see, where employers are terrified of a bad hire and even if they get a good hire, they may still end up with zero to show for it because of bad management or simply market conditions.

You could argue that the reason we have corporations at all is to spread the risk of unknowables across many people, so that it becomes bearable and not everyone is exposed to ruin if luck doesn't turn their way.
If you feel this way, why not move somewhere with no government?
I haven't seen mentioned here that Intel is one of the companies mentioned. I find this particularly worrying: if the hardware itself is compromised, it's game over.
Pretty much what others have pointed out - I'll never sign up if you don't show me how it works and looks.
Most likely ads that are actual snapchats.
I think both are wrong ;-)

Even programming languages like Prolog needs an expression of the problem that is not exactly how we think in logical expressions. You can't directly translate a first order logic expression to Prolog, you need to add extra thinking before doing that.

On the other hand generic combinatorics libraries don't work with large sets.

Welcome to SMT (satisfiability modulo theories) where there are state of the art optimizations for specific fields. If you want to see something impressive look at how to solve Sudoku with Z3 (http://z3.codeplex.com/) , it's just expressing the problem in logic terms: http://rise4fun.com/Z3Py/tutorialcontent/guide#h210
A few things that come to mind:

- The concept of "rape culture"

- Questions like, "what should be done about the devastating affects on the life of someone accused (but acquitted) of rape?"

- Taking into consideration the impact on the accused, questions like "should women who make blatantly false or frivolous claims of rape be held liable?"

I don't claim to know the answers to any of these bullet points, but the fact of the matter is they are hotly contested even today- thus, debated.
Why I no longer give away my music
Look at my comment linking to the Z3 sudoku solver: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5846589
Just a little feedback.

popchef - makes me thing of popcorn. I prefer chefpop to pop chef.

popvenue - doesn't really bring restaurants to mind

sublettable = forgettable to me for some reason.

Of those you listed I like kettle.com or wanderingchef the best. If you're still open to new ideas, I'll toss a couple in the ring.

heretoday.com - This looks a little strange.

subtlechef.com - rolls off the tongue a little easier than subletchef.

Also, a little more description about your idea would be cool if you have time.
I'm likely going to use a mix of several of the above options. A combination of client-side encryption and my own services, and maybe non-US companies as well, but I don't trust the governments of other countries much either.
Given many companies running notes push forms out to their web site, I am curious, does now knowing this key increase the vulnerability of Lotus Notes servers everywhere as theoretically anyone can use it now?
In my vision of ideal privacy considerations, such a thing would be "opt-out", not the other way around.
Just to clarify on the title: the statement was issued by the Director of National Intelligence, not the NSA director.
Well, i've seen people avoid visiting USA thanks to airport security

In fact, you're talking to one right now.

The way I look at it, there are many wonderful places in the world that I would like to visit one day, but I'm never going to make it to all of them in the one lifetime I get. I'd prefer to go to places where I will feel welcome and enjoy myself, not to places where the procedure on arrival or departure is going to make me feel like a criminal just for showing up.

Of course, some people have jobs that require them to travel or have family living abroad or for many other reasons would need to make much greater sacrifices than I do if they were to give up flying. So I try not to assume that everyone else can vote with their wallets as easily as I can on this one.
http://energyalmanac.ca.gov/electricity/electric_generation_...

Time-averaged outputs are 1,045 MW wind, 175 MW solar. (2nd table, in units of gigawatt-hours per year. The 1st table shows peak capacities: 4,967 MW wind, 855 MW solar).
StatusNet, Free Social projects merge with GNU social
Or in other words: GNU project now has a production, stable decentralized social network project.

StatusNet powers identi.ca and lots of other sites on the social web. StatusNet and its fork, Free Social will merge with the existing GNU social project. http://www.gnu.org/software/social/
How not to be alone
The rabid far-left elements of Northern Europe and America are not content limiting nuclear power proliferation just in the developed world.

Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant

Operating capacity: 6800 MW

Maximum capacity: 9200 MW

In March 2012, police said they had arrested nearly
200 anti-nuclear protesters objecting resumption
of work of building one of two 1 GW reactors, a day
after the local government restarted work on the
project.

There have also been rallies and protests in favour
of commissioning this nuclear power plant.

*On, 24 February 2012, Prime Minister Manmohan Singh
blamed American and Scandivanian NGOs for
fueling protests at the power plant. Three of the
NGOs were later found to have used foreign funds
received for social and religious purposes to fuel
the protests, violating foreign exchange regulatory
rules. The PM also blamed these NGOs for opposing
genetically modified foods and the use of
biotechnology to increase food production in the
country.*

Source(s):

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z_XwANnrxvo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kudankulam_Nuclear_Power_Plant#...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Movement_Against_Nuc...
small military

It does simplify the issue for EU nations, but it doesn't mean this is the answer for the US. To my knowledge, EU nations get away with very small militaries in part due to the "umbrella" of the friendly US military.

Not to say the US needs a super-mega-ultra-huge military, but this is like when people compare country X to Norway. "Look at how successful Norway is! Look at how wealthy everyone is!" Yeah, I'm sure that has nothing to do with the tremendous quantities of natural resources in Norway. Point being, we need to compare apples to apples.

have no secret overseas prisons

How exactly would you know if the EU nations had secret overseas prisons? Aren't they secret? :)
The government (especially prosecutors/police) routinely leak information to serve their own ends.
Using indexes in Rails (2009)
SSL Prefect Forward Secrecy
I'd rather not be spied on at all, but if someone's reading my emails I sure hope they have a sense of humor.
The translation is a sneaky SEO technique. People offer to translate your page into other languages as long as you link to the translation on their page. By linking to them, you pass on PageRank. The website has of course nothing to do with your content.
| In March 2013, Julian Assange said Wikileaks had
| successfully decrypted the video and described it
| as documenting "a massacre, a war crime".

This statement is confusing. I originally read this as stating that the video was decrypted March 2013.
The Real Reason Cities Are Centers of Innovation
Oculus Rift: Arena, wireless guns, and an empty warehouse
I don't know, The darker side of me gets a kick out of it, really. It's interesting language to say the least.
I'd guess it's standard process to avoid redaction errors.
Hey Simon,

I'm very interested in oneqstn.com - I'm in a position to dedicate effort to boost traffic/marketing. I have some experience in the survey/questionnaire field which would help and I have a suggestion for monetization that could improve upon ads. Let me know if interested, my email is in my profile.
For those now lauding non-US companies: keep in mind that you can not be certain that they aren't under any local intelligence orders and if/when they plan to enter the massive US market they will probably be tapped as well.
I completely agree, but Wayland Jr. has none of that because the Waylands committed infanticide the first time the baby went dookie. They still keep a photo. (I don't think stretching the analogy will be very productive.)

The fact is Wayland is less capable in this area and the project refuses to admit to it. If all you want is VNC that's a win for you, but it's insulting to say it's objectively better when many of us find it strictly worse.
Do you fully support the current party in control of the government? If not, you have something to hide.

Do you fully support the party that will be in control of the government in five years? If not, you have something to hide.

You think I'm being silly? Six months ago you might have been able to float that argument, but with an openly partisan IRS, go ahead, tell me why that's wrong.
Details on the merge -- http://www.gnu.org/software/social/merge.html
Does Math Exist?
Market maker is a better definition: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_maker
UX Problems Holding Back Crypto And Anti-Wiretapping Technology
If I have nothing to hide, i.e. am doing nothing illegal, you don't have any reason to be watching me.
Define: after

We're at the very beginning of the scandal. It largely remains speculation. Until some actual facts come to light, it doesn't make a lot of sense to change.
Lawmakers rebut Obama's data defense
A very nice text with the nice code examples is:

http://mrale.ph/blog/2012/06/03/explaining-js-vms-in-js-inli...
The GNU C++ standard library still includes them as a non-standard extension.

http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/latest-doxygen/a0006...
what kind of a mad world do we live in where an app for sending pictures to your friends with a slight twist is worth $1B? That applies to both snapchat and instagram...
Wood Egg (my new company)
Well the US rights system has selective applicability to non citizens. For example in a court of law, non-citizens absolutely have the right to a jury, a fair trial, due process, etc. The bill of rights, for example, does not specify 'citizens' in any way.

In the US natural rights system, the primary offender of rights is the government[1]. For example, you can't argue that facebook is violating your first amendment rights when it 'censors' what you post, because your decision to use facebook was voluntary. So when the government protects your rights[2] (as in the bill of rights), it's mostly protecting your rights from itself.

Privacy isn't specifically enumerated in the US constitution (it's been inferred from natural rights and the 10th amendment - to a lesser degree the 5th and 14th as well).

[1] The 'right to life'/'not be assaulted' seems to be the major exception. Obivously someone that is not the government can threaten your life, including, murderers, corporate negligence, foreign states, etc. The 'right to privacy' does take on aspects of this, too, though - since google can drive its cars down public commons and gather information. Do you have a right to privacy, if you're out in what is generally accepted as a public commons? Does it make a difference if google records you (for example) making an ass of yourself, in a sweeping indiscriminate data collection, or if a friend you know happens to be at the right place and the wrong time to record you making an ass of yourself?

[2] This is a very different concept of rights than what the europeans/UN have, which can include things like, the right to water, the right to food, the right to healthcare, the right to education, the right to internet access, etc. Under the US concept of rights might believe that you have the right to not be stopped from having water, stopped from having food, stopped from having healthcare, stopped from being educated, or stopped from accessing the internet, but, by and large, calling it a right to force others to provide these things rubs americans the wrong way (we call them 'entitlements' not 'rights'.)
So... it's Medium?
Why is it that IRS targeting is not important enough to merit a single post, but Verizon et. al giving the NSA access to all our data is?

One is a widespread systematic invasion of privacy. The other is a bit of red tape that unequally scrutinized 501(c)(4) applicants based on party affiliation. The scope of these two things are so incomparable that I don't even know where to begin.

It is important the IRS (c)(4) process get fixed, but if they had applied the same level of scrutiny to both left and right leaning groups the reaction would have been more of a murmur. Or maybe even a productive debate on (c)(4) review (lol, probably not). Its not OK that they targeted by ideology, but the fact the criteria was political means Americans are just going to use it as an excuse to be loud. American politicians act like their parties are such delicate flowers, I've seen more dives taken in DC than in Johannesburg 2010.

On top of that, Hacker News is more or less about tech and startups. Not only is the NSA is data-mining from 3rd party tech companies, security and privacy concerns have been large elements of tech culture for decades. A few items on the IRS scandal did get posted here, but didn't get many comments. If I had to speculate, I'd say that even if this this audience finds the actions wrong, they just don't have a whole lot to say on the topic of the burden faced by political organizations abusing (c)(4) classification to hide their donation lists.