skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The point is that the concept of monad is a very concrete thing. Monad is not "chaining operations". Monad is not "returning actions instead of values". Monad is not some vague concept.

If JQuery is a monad, what are the monadic operations that make it a monad? What are its equivalents of return and bind (or any other equivalent definitions of a monad)? It's not a tricky question.

Saying that JQuery is a monad without saying what its return and bind are is equivalent to saying that whistling is Turing complete without saying how you can compute stuff with whistling. The problem here is not whether whistling is Turing complete or not, the problem is what it would even mean for whistling to be Turing complete.

This means that as of now, as long as you don't tell us what are the monadic operations of JQuery, it cannot be determined whether JQuery is a monad, because this question does not make sense yet.
I believe people will. E willing to pay quite a bit, just in case, because that power is extremely valuable to someone when they are otherwise facing the prospect of having none.
Also one last thought. Always have in writing what happens when someone is leaving or is getting kicked out. could be a buyout. Or a percent of buyout. bottom line is I think you should get with your other founders and formulate a plan and then get a lawyer to draft up new company bylines ASAP.
The conditions are really shitty here. Even other south-asian countries like Vietnam and Thailand are doing so much better in almost everything. If you don't think India is one of the most pathetic countries in the world, a little travel will change that.
Placas Solares online
As a light email user, I wish I could use my own domain without jumping up to the $40/year plan. (Yeah, it's only $3.33/month, but still.)

Hmm, it looks like I could do a "family" plan with one user for $15/year with custom domain.
Negocios Rentables Web
This wont last very long. Youtube is serious about enforcing the size limit on their videos. They actively contact people who do this type of thing and block their IP/API access.

They find out about it in 2 ways:
1: When a youtube employee notices it manually
2: When automated API's detects there are no ad clicks.

Also, using the napster brand is stupid. That company still exists and would be thrilled to take your domain : http://www.napster.com/
Unless of course the value of bitcoins goes up because a bitcoin economy has taken roots.
Here's your reference:

http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.cfm?id=10271

In 2009, space heating was 40% of US home energy use, air conditioning was 6%.
well how'd we define

return :: a -> m a

in the jQuery monad?

First I thought

return = jQuery

but

$(".yo") :: [HTMLElement]

isnt

return ".yo" :: JQuery String

I'd probably model it like this:

(|>) = flip ($)

jQuery "selector" |> css "color" "red" |> filter someSelector |> css "color" "blue"

which would turn into:

css "color" "blue" (filter someSelector (css "color "red" (jQuery "selector")))

class Selector a where
instance Selector Text where
instance Selector HtmlElement where

jQuery :: Selector a -> JQuery
css :: Text -> Text -> JQuery -> JQuery
filter :: Selector a -> JQuery -> JQuery
Um, no.

It is absolutely the case that dictionary attacks are better than per-character brute force against the passwords Randal suggests, but he's not calculating entropy based on per-character brute force. He's calculating entropy based on per word brute force, and if the words are in fact chosen randomly that's the best you can do. Any dictionary attack against XKCD-style passwords are a brute-force attack in word-space.

"Throw[ing] in some punctuation" does comparatively little.
They made money on the regulated connection fee.
Modern dictionary attacks use common terms that have been generated from analyzing the passwords that have been stolen from past attacks. So the dictionary isn't just a list of English words but in fact a catalog of terms that people do use for passwords in real life. This makes them much more effective than dictionary attacks off old.
It's too bad that this discussion is ending up mostly in language wars, because Alex' talk was about how to improve the situation, not how to prove that your favored technology is always the right tool for the job and everybody else is wrong.

Let's say that you're doing some NLP and you want to pre-process your strings in Ruby because its easy and elegant. Idiomatically you might write something like "my_objs.map(&:to_s).map { |s| s.gsub(/\W\S/+, '') }.reject(&:blank?)" - perhaps broken up into multiple lines - but you're allocating three arrays and re-allocating every string. And in real life you're probably doing more pre-processing steps which involve additional arrays and possibly additional string re-allocations.

You could switch to gsub! which does the non-word stripping in place, but it "Performs the substitutions of String#gsub in place, returning str, or nil if no substitutions were performed", so you're adding an extra conditional. And it's going to be harder to avoid re-constructing a bunch of arrays.

There's no intrinsic reason you couldn't have basic Ruby language APIs which let you write code which chains operations just as naturally and obviously, but don't wastefully re-allocate. Think of how ActiveRecord relations defer the actual SQL execution until it's unavoidable.

(Haskell-style laziness might solve the main issue above, but I've run into analogous unavoidable-allocation problems with Haskell. If I'm depth-first searching a board game state-tree I shouldn't have to re-allocate the whole state representation at each step, but it's pretty hard to avoid while writing elegant Haskell since modifying memory in-place has side-effects.)

I don't know Go, but maybe instead of talking about why people who still use Python or Ruby are or are not stupid, we can talk about what it gets right that other languages can adapt?
posting on hackernews
Well, this thread is long dead, but the main functions of the FEDERAL government are spelled out in the Constitution.

Historically, we were able to fund those functions consuming far less of a percentage of our GDP.
The report is interesting BECAUSE the EEI represents the institutions with the most incentives to resist change.
The 'Database' is just a youtube search with no visual video player, no?
Identity is simpler, but it's not very interesting. It's hard for a beginner to see why you would ever use the Identity monad.

Maybe is the simplest interesting monad, which makes it a good candidate for explaining monads to beginners.
The world already has done so. And of course there is a good reason. Like with every creation, they made this possible, they took the risk, maybe even high risk since the government could have gotten involved, and now they are rightly being rewarded for it.

What do you suggest, we tax them 90% so that we can all be equal?
This is cool. I remember reading about it a while back, but had forgotten all about it. I have a question about the Peggy/Victor example: why do we need to use the probabilistic method?

Here's my alternative zero-knowledge proof that Peggy knows the word:

Victor observes Peggy walk down tunnel A. He stands at the entrance. A short while later, Peggy emerges from tunnel B. Since we know the only way to go down tunnel A and come out tunnel B is by going through the door with the secret word, Peggy must know the word.

Is there something wrong with that? Assuming what I wrote is correct, I think the hamiltonian cycle example further down the page is a much better one.

EDIT: Perhaps Peggy and Victor would have to walk down tunnel A together at the start, so that Victor can observe that the door really is shut. I don't think that invalidates my proposal though.
As an Englishman I must say that it really does bother me when people attempt to write or talk in the manner they imagine an English gentleman might. It always feels quite stilted, particularly in the not-quite-correct usage of unnecessarily antiquated vocabulary.
Here's an interview that outlines his vision and goals for Debian in 2013-14: http://www.debian.org/vote/2013/platforms/lucas
No, I don't "prematurely optimize Python out of everything I write".

The exact opposite, I would like to be able to use Python for more stuff but I can't because it's slow.

Nothing about doing it "prematurely" here. I have tried it for specific problems and it was slow. If anything, having built in in Python first is the reverse of "prematurely". And I have, as many programmers have, a very good general idea of where it's slow and what it can be used adequately for without resorting to C.

And what I argued is that people constrain themselves unconsciously, based on that very knowledge, to the kind of projects they do with pure Python.

Nobody writes a AAA game in Python. Nobody tries to build a browser in Python. Nobody writes a performant Apache/Nginx class web-server in Python. Nobody writes a database engine in Python. Etc etc.

(Note for the "Vulcan"-style literal readers: by "nobody" here I mean "not many" / "not a sane person". I'm sure you can find some experimental, bug ridden, half-developed example of all of those done in Python, with maybe 100 users at most. Oh, and I specifically wrote: "pure python").
Serious question: does the 3d mode add any information? I am distracted by it but perhaps the size of the blocks have any attached meaning? Is there a 2d variant available?

Otherwise: very interesting to see such a large infrastructure used for the campaign. I wonder how it compares to an average campaign here in Germany. I'd assume only a 10th of the servers (while spending the same amount of money :)) used here. I can't see anything special on the web before elections other than some wordpress alike web servers.
I count three comments on this page (so far) from ex-chemists who are glad to have that world behind them. I never knew it was so dangerous!
New Business Ideas for 2013
"My issue is that these frameworks take most of the thought out of designing a webpage..."

"my issue is that these frameworks X,Z take most of the thought out of developping an application..."

Sounds stupid right ? well it is. Using boostrap doesnt transform anybody into an ergonomist or a web designer. that's simple as that. But i prefer an non designer using bootstrap than one coming up with an horrible layout of his own. And again :

+ Boostrap is TESTED on a WIDE range of browsers,phones so one doesnt have to do it , exactly like jQuery. Doesnt mean one doesnt need to do tests , does mean that one can assume his layout will work on most browsers and phone. That alone makes boostrap worth it.
As a Briton I find these kinds of things as offensive as I suppose Americans must find international stereotypes of their country, people and education.
Understood, but one might say that to leadership - Churchill - the war isn't slowing down sir - taking a nap when people's lives are on the line probably didn't look all that hot to many people.
Music starts playing automatically, quickly closed window.
In Honour of Margaret Thatcher - Turn Your Speakers Up
In a bout 30 days, check A1.iO for updates...
losvedir is right, in ST, "Find" will automatically create separate cursors and takes regex's.

I used to also have plugin for ST1, which allowed you to do common things like selecting a line, then splitting it by a separator. For example, you'd select a line, split it by ", ", and get a cursor on each paramater. It worked wonderfully for these kinds of things.
Billions of dollars are wasted to fight against a analgesic and therapeutic drug that could help millions; this world haves very dumb and/or corrupted people in charge.
Of course it's a joke. As a joke it's about as funny as "all Americans are fat and uneducated" (i.e. not funny if it's not directed at you and offensive if it is).
The killer feature here is "Real-time authoring" but this still doesn't exist for virtually any web application, like PHP, Rails, etc. without refreshing and gets even worse with compiled languages/frameworks such as Java/.NET/etc.

So, is this aimed solely as a mockup collaboration tool?
That's sort of a positive feedback loop, if you find yourself doing well at something then it's easier to stay motivated which makes you work even harder at it.

Personally I spent a lot of time playing FPS games when I was younger but never quite got to the standard for serious tournament play. OTOH I have a friend who got a spot in a well ranked sponsored counterstrike clan after only about 2 months of play.

On the flipside I never put much effort in at school because most it didn't interest me but I still managed to get better grades than many of the kids who worked much harder and had private tutoring etc.
I've noticed there seems to be two definitions of a solo founder.

1) Single hacker trying to build a business and the product at the same time by themselves. They do everything, by themselves.

2) A business where there is a single founder with all the equity. They have employees and those employees are paid with currency.

In the case of 1, I think it's a very hard road. Most software is built by more than one person, and most businesses must involve more than one person. You can of course make pretty good money off of freelancing, but building a business around a product is tough. Of course, not impossible.

In the case of 2, you need to be willing to "put your money where your mouth is" because you'll need to pay people. And even then, if you see any success and want to grow faster, you probably won't be the only shareholder for long. Jeff Bezos started Amazon alone, but they're a public company now so there are lots of shareholders. However, it is interesting to look at eg Sergei Brin's net worth as a ratio of Google's market cap versus the same for Bezos and Amazon. Not splitting equity in the beginning makes a big difference later on if everything goes according to plan (which it rarely does, but hey).

The OP probably falls into definition #1
stouset is obviously not arguing that the ruby version with "&:" is immediately obvious to any programmer. The point is if you know ruby, you will understand that line a lot quicker than the second example.
Encouraging Open Source Etiquette
This is a response to "A plea for better open source etiquette": https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=5545325
Just fyi, this is 100% broken on my galaxy s3.
And for reference his "25 Startup Ideas for 2012" http://www.judegomila.com/post/46111405999/25-startup-ideas-...
"Golf is a game of luck. The more I practice, the luckier I get."

Ben Hogan, one of my favorite quotes.
Right, the necessary strength of passwords increases. Thankfully, the comic gave us a good method of generating passwords to an arbitrary strength, by increasing either the size of our alphabet (dictionary from which words are drawn) or length of our string (number of words), and shows how to calculate the resulting entropy. As I've pointed out elsewhere, 5 words drawn from alphabetic entries in /usr/share/dict/words (over 62 thousand) is very nearly 80 bits strong, or stronger than a 13 character completely random base64 string (which is going to be quite substantially harder to remember). If 62^9 (54 bits) takes 90 seconds, 80 bits takes nearly two centuries, and computing the hashes for phrases is actually going to take longer for each try to boot.
I never said Randall calculated the entropy per character (please don't create arguments I didn't raise) and the reason I said adding punctuation might help is because it reduces the odds of the word being in the dictionary (if you're using terms not in a dictionary, then that dictionary attack will fail. Period). However even with adding punctuation theres still a chance the term is common enough to be included in a dictionary, so completely random passwords, while harder to remember, will be more secure.

I cited a link in another fork of this comment where a pen tester comments about the words included in modern dictionary attacks.
Awesome, makes programming accessible to the uninitiated. I was able to create a simple event loop with asteroid like mechanics in a few minutes.
http://146.139.72.72/axis-cgi/mjpg/video.cgi?camera=2
> Now we are running out of phosphorous

Phosphorus is the 11th most common element in the earth's crust. Let that sink in for a while. It running out makes about as much sense as the humanity running out of hydrogen. Deposits economically extractable at present market prices will run out within a few decades. This doesn't mean we run out of phosphorus, it just means that the market price will rise until other extraction methods provide enough supply. It will not have to rise far, given just how common the element is.

> Now we are running out of ... energy

We are not running out of energy. Nuclear and solar each provides the capability to run for effectively forever -- fracking provides the short-term supply to build them out.

The idea of resource depletion is completely anachronistic. Today, we can produce or substitute absolutely everything we need, given input of common elements and energy. And we have sources of energy that do not depend on scarce resources. The time when the economy was based on extraction of limited resources has passed.
I'm currently hitting some performance issues trying to use Python to make a naive physics engine- does anyone have any reading recommendations on best practices for python performance?
I used ¢ as flip ($).
> However, it is interesting to look at eg Sergei Brin's net worth as ratio of market cap compared to Bezos.

Saving everyone some Googling :)

-----

- Google market cap: $260.45B

- Sergey Brin's net worth: $22.8B

- Ratio: 0.087

-----

- Amazon's market cap: $124.03B

- Jeff Bezos' net worth: $23.3B

- Ratio: 0.187
Hmm, I hadn't realised that chsh demands your password... a LocalCommand is not supposed to be interactive.
The cynical answer is that they are doing it to maintain full control over the economy and to loot the private sector dry. Note that the rich and the connected are not limited by these rules.

There are probably less cynical reasons for their actions. I just haven't ever heard any.
Consulting Fee Calculator
So... you're saying it's like Napster because it's open source? No matter how you want to package it, when you build something on top of a centralized system or content source, it's called building a castle on sand.
Yes. And many top notch business guys can become great programmers if they want to. Hard working people can shine anywhere.
I used to be a Chemical Engineer. Though I loved the field and science, my job in College as at a uranium processing plant really encouraged me to find work in something else. There were countless really dangerous things, like the hydrofluoric acid they used to eventually fluorinate the uranium.

We'd carry gas masks with us constantly. I had to wear an acid proof suit in 105 degree heat. Geiger counter checks in and out the door.

I ended up breaking my ankle playing basketball and was forced to stay in a trailer so that my cast wouldn't get contaminated with uranium. Since I couldn't do my regular engineering stuff, I had to program stuff on computers the rest of the summer. Much better :) Changed my life forever.
A $25,000 USD USB stick. (as much as $70,000 at one point) Pretty sure I'd search a bit harder :-)
But you can't track where the transaction happened (eg. if inside of China or not). Also you cannot reliably trace funds over multiple transactions due to the easy mixing with other funds.
JQuery is an implementation of the List monad.
Pinterest’s amazing attention to detail and why design should lead code.
Yes, it's pretty secure against brute force. However if everyone start doing this, I suspect that we're going to have a lot of passwords like "I am hungry today" or even "car house hello red" which are both rather weak against an attack that would combine the most frequent words. You can't really prevent people from using common words and common patterns to build their password and hackers are going to use this fact.

So my problem is that it gives the impression to be very secure whereas it's only secure under some conditions. (You have to pick words uniformly among the list of words.) Just like old password...
Also, this community has a lot of smart people with different expertise areas. That means that my basic knowledge of 0knowledge proofs, or other "basic" topic will most likely be heavily augmented when the experts start talking about the deep bits that aren't covered in "cool crypto primitives 101".
Shodan: Search Engine for Hackers
To bring this into sharper detail, notice that there's the "OverloadedStrings" compiler directive at the top of the file. That means that "hello " and "!" are of type Html, different from String. Strings can only be concatenated with Html after they've been escaped.

For more elaboration, see http://blog.moertel.com/posts/2006-10-18-a-type-based-soluti...
I get this blue ball spinning and spinning and nothing happens... Chrome 26.0.1410.63 on Ubuntu 12.04.2.

Also, the name is not really fitting.
Given that situation, I try and find the time to teach the original poster how to rewrite it the way I think it would be better implemented - with the understanding that if they don't want to, it's my responsibility to do so.

Then again, if I can't sell them successfully on why my way would be better ... maybe I should just have accepted their code.

This takes more time over the short term but in the long term lets me give out more commit bits, which I regard as a net win.
I guess this is too heavyweight, after all:

Prelude GOA> (return [1..]) >>= return . map (^ 2) >>= return . takeWhile (< 64)
[1,4,9,16,25,36,49]
Bikesheddin at its finest.

When I was first learning haskell, I thought I was missunderstanding how to use the language because I would define
(|>) a f = f a
in every project I do. I thought that such an operator seemed so obvious that it couldn't possibly not be standard. The fact that it wasn't seemed to suggest that I was doing Haskell badly, and that there was some deep reason I should only work right to left using operators such as ($), which I still do use a fair amount.
Not if anyone knows that's what you're doing (or can guess because others are doing similar). It would be slightly better than the bare string in terms of crackability, because running the hash would take some time if they're doing it live, but only slightly.
How Five Economists Think About Bitcoin
I originally stumbled on this way back in the early 2000s. Apart from being an incredibly interesting and thorough look at electronic music, it was also a stunning technical achievement. I still consider it one of the best Flash web sites of all time. I wish there were equivalent sites for other genres, although I imagine electronic music is an especially good fit for this kind of presentation.

Of course, these days it could all be done in HTML5, and I wish someone updated it (given Ishkur's permission), because it would make one hell of a tablet/phone application.
Archive of Historical Computer Software is here
Crypto experts of HN - can you point to some deeper resources for beginners/layfolk on zero knowledge proofs?

This is a good start, but I want more! :)
One of the easiest etiquette techniques projects can adopt is to only have the person who opened a ticket close it, in both cases where a fix was applied or it was decided not to fix.

This lets the originator of the ticket verify that the issue has been resolved or that there is no issue in the first place.

Edit: clarification