TL;DR: slightly lower than typical for your level, but not that bad. If it's a good company and you're happy with everything else, you should stick with it. Good jobs are rare, especially in VC-funded startup land (despite its excellent marketing).

I make roughly 115k a year, which at first seemed like a ton after moving here from a relatively low COL area. Lately though, the combination of looking at my account balances after paying rent + seeing people talk about salaries on HN make me think that I am on the very low end of the pay scale.

Financial outliers seem more common on HN than they actually are. You're probably on the low end (~30-40th percentile) compared to where you should be, but not by that much, and you're on the high end by the standard of most of the country. The delta is a rounding error compared to issues such as the quality of work you're getting and your likelihood of advancement.

Combine that with the paltry amount of equity I have and the fact that my company gives absolutely zero bonuses

That's typical. Raises are also rare in startups. If things are going well, the improvement of equity valuation is the raise. If things are going badly, that's not a time to be asking for things.

I hate to break it to you, but there are only two ways to get a serious equity slice in most startups: (1) be a founder, which probably isn't within your financial resources right now unless you have the connections to get immediate funding, or (2) become one of those god-awful executive implants that VCs shove into companies, who don't get large percentages (they might get 1-2%) but get their cut when the company's de-risked and the valuation is legitimately high, making them paper millionaires if they survive the vesting period.

Once companies take outside funding, they generally can't give real equity to non-executives even if the founders want to. The pathetic equity slices aren't because the founders are assholes, but because the employee option pool might only be 10-15 percent.

You may want to read this: http://michaelochurch.wordpress.com/2012/07/08/dont-waste-yo... . I know nothing about your company, but there are a lot of awful startups out there built to turn clueless young talent into gold.

The real question is, though: what are you learning? If you're getting good projects and learning a lot, you should probably stick around until you stop learning or get "pigeonholed" or overlooked by management. If you're treated well and see a future at this company, then stay. $115k for a developer with 5 years experience is slightly on the low side, but I've seen numbers much lower. If your job is legitimately challenging, I don't think the difference between what you have and what you'd get at your next job (probably 10-15k) merits the risk of being "the new guy" again and getting a lesser quality of work-- unless you find something really good with people you trust.

The Bay Area and New York are disgustingly expensive. Some people our age are getting savings, and some of us are living in expensive, singular places with the hope of rapid career advancement. The career progress that comes from living in a "star city" is our "savings", for most of us. But there are a lot of good companies outside of the star cities, and that seems to be accelerating, so if you can find something great elsewhere and can get real savings and rapid career growth, obviously that's a huge win.