skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Cost is an unknown except to SpaceX. Price (i.e. cost to the consumer) is easier to figure out but a little more complicated for reasons I'll explain later.

The easiest direct comparison would be to the ESA's ATV. Each ATV launch costs around $900 million in amortized development costs plus vehicle costs plus launch costs. But, it delivers 6,595 kg of cargo, which puts the delivered cost of cargo at about $132/gram.

In comparison, the Dragon is on a fixed price contract (about $133 million per vehicle) which includes launch and operations and whatnot. This particular Dragon is delivering 1050 kg of supplies (677 kg within the pressurized part of the spacecraft, the rest within the unpressurized "trunk"). This comes out to a cost to NASA of $127/gram.

Which, admittedly, is not Earth shattering. However, this flight will also be returning 1370 kg of equipment back to Earth, including highly valuable scientific experiments and such-like. And Dragon is currently the only vehicle capable of doing so. On the whole this makes Dragon more than worthwhile.

However, this is still only the 2nd operational Dragon resupply mission, and they will continue to increase the amount of cargo delivered as they become more confident in the vehicle and especially as the Falcon 9 v1.1 becomes operational (which will happen in the next flight) which will add about 4 tonnes of additional payload capacity. If fully utilized it could bring the cost of cargo deliveries to ISS down to around $30-$50/g. Also, there is definitely an element of subsidizing the development of new systems in the CRS contract terms, though even so they're reasonably cost effective.

Edit: to compare to the Shuttle, on an MPLM mission the Shuttle could deliver about 15 tonnes of supplies and equipment and cost around $1.5 to $2 billion per launch (the higher figure due to the extremely low flight rate near the end of the Shuttle program), which works out to a cargo delivery cost of around $100/g, though the Shuttle could also return significant amounts of cargo.

Edit2: I inadvertently omitted the cost of the MPLM modules themselves from the calculation above, although including them would be difficult since most of them were built by the Italian Space Agency as payment in kind for ISS access, overall they would only affect the cost figures by less than 20%. Also, fun fact: the MPLMs were named for famous Renaissance artists, or ninja turtles, here's NASA's logo: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Multi-Purpose_Logistics_Mo...
Doctors cure child born with HIV
If Xfractint is the "stone soup" fractal program then I remember. :)

Probably the first program I actually remember was a ratty ol' Mandlebrot fractal generator in Turbo Pascal 7.0 from probably around 1994-95 or so. Then I saw programs that were coded by people who actually knew what they were doing and my head asploded. :)
Counter-example: A few years back, I was looking for a way to do user authentication for HTTP web services; I decided that HTTP Basic/Digest weren't sufficiently cryptologically strong - OAuth was the new hotness, so we were going to use that. There was a nice Apache-licenced library, but it wasn't laid out right for our purposes, so I spent two weeks re-writing it [maintenance burden #1]. Then I had to integrate it into our (terribly ill-documented open-source) web services framework [maintenance burden #2], then we had to make it work with the other OAuth libraries [maintenance burden #3]. And of course, it was all new, so there was no documentation anywhere on how to make it work, but if I'd been working with better established tech I wouldn't have wasted those weeks of development work, and that project wouldn't still be using OAuth 1.1. There were no productivity benefits to the new tech (quite the opposite, in fact), and the technical benefits were likely unneccessary.
Why do I need to know anything at all about the link structure beyond the domains?

If the user requests (from a link in the mail) "mkt5371.evernote.com/foo123", redirect to "links.evernote.mkt5371.com/foo123"; If they request "/bar456?id=asdask", redirect to the same query under the mailer's domain.
The $450 million / flight cost for a Shuttle is a fantasy, it's a hypothetical sort of best-case cost. Over the lifetime of the program the actual cost was $1.5 billion.
The real tragedy is the way easy access to handguns has transformed communities like the South Side of Chicago, where kids are gunned down every week.

Do you have any idea how many laws are already being broken when that happens? How are more laws going to help?

More to the point, how is registering my guns (in preparation for future confiscation, it's safe to say, because that's what's happened elsewhere) going to protect those kids?
I would argue that you would need it to be finer-grained. As the story was told, Wellford's preemptive gun use was a response to a perceived threat that did not exist. You'd want to count those types of incidents separately from those in which the threat was real. And then you'd need a third category where the reality of the threat cannot be established after the fact.

You would also want to tag incidents based on 1) harm done to victim, and 2) harm done to criminal. These are two separate dimensions, and in reality there are incidents to fit into every region on that 2d plane.
And I was talking about the fact that in the example the gun was brought in preparation to an imagined but unspecific and actually not existing threat.
> There are always exceptions, but you will have to be exceptional in their eyes.

This is spot-on. People take certain prejudices to their modelling high school dropouts. These are formed by the sheer repetition of observation. Dropping out is something Bad Students do. It's low status. Even an average student who drops out will have the story of their life coloured in terms of: 'he could have done _even_ better if he had stayed in school.'

So to get social approval for dropping out, you have to be exceptional. Such that their predictions of your future outside of mainstream education are so positive, that the 'low status drop out story' can't be made to stick to you. The balance of probabilities isn't enough to get social approval for your actions, the argument has to be overwhelming.

It's unfair, in a way, that there isn't a cultural idiom to support people who, for good reasons, don't want to learn through the high school track, but who aren't amazing individuals.

But in another sense, dropping out to learn faster is in itself to state that you are exceptional--that you have a iron-clad self-belief in your capacity for self-motivated learning. You shouldn't expect anyone to believe this about you; it's a trait that habitually we assign to people after they've been successful, not before. It's natural for people to model others as falling near the median, until they've demonstrated otherwise.

I''m less productive with fewer obligations. Most people are the same. You need to be _certain_ that you are naturally inclined towards setting useful goals and then following through. (I've wanted to write a novel for the past five years. All I have to show is a thin pile of abandoned drafts and margin-doodles.)

Soft skills matter. And removing one huge social component of your life without another to fill it has been, for me, a disaster. If you are 'neuro-typical', but still believe you will be more productive by removing 'wasted' social interaction from your life, you are wrong. If you are miserable, you can't sustain productivity. (And, not least, you might go crazy.) Even anti-social might sometimes be better than non-social.

This is HN, so I share a lot of beliefs about how lousy a state high school education can be. But culturally, we're not geared up as a society to support dropping out as a genuinely equal tract to education and employment. Be careful.
I'm pretty happy with gauge.js for this kind of widget: http://bernii.github.com/gauge.js/
Thanks for the kind words!

I don't know if my teaching style would translate well to Coursera or Udacity.

My classes tend to be very interactive. Assuming I recorded in front of a live class, some of that would come across.

But, it would lose some of the spontaneity that comes from sitting in the class and being able to interject.

I do post my (unanimated) lecture slides online as pdfs.
The militia is defined in US law by the Militia Act of 1792 and exists today with only minor modifications to the original (see: Title 10 Section 311 of the US Code).

Every able-bodied male at least 17 years of age and less than 45 years of age who is not a member of the regular military is a member of the militia per US law. There is no requirement that you own a weapon in the definition.

The government knows my age so, as a male US citizen between the ages of 17 and 45 years, I am presumptively a member of the militia.
For First Time, Baby Is Cured of H.I.V., Doctors Say
You would say that Moore has a bad reputation or has gotten a bad reputation. "Bad rep" is a derivation of "bad rap" or "bum rap" which both mean to be falsely charged with something - no one rightly gets one.

I do agree that those interested in gun rights and gun violence will find BfC is worth watching.
So, I'm interested in making a play in a similar market (small companies/individuals) Well, "making a play" sounds more ambitious than I am. Mostly, I need it for me. But, like most people, I think that if I need it, others might, too.

My angle is focused more on locating the item than valuing it, (and I have the basics of a barcode inventory system) but I'm also wanting to add valuation (well, and 'where is the invoice') tracking to it.

I think your problem with small companies was that you went after companies that expected to be acquired.

Companies like mine that you expect to run long term are very different beasts with very different needs. And I know it doesn't seem that way in silicon valley, but there are more of us than there are "startups"

I mean, the 'where is the invoice' and the depreciation bit is important if I get audited (and I will, eventually) - but, see, I build computers and maintain networking equipment; I spend more time looking for tools/parts than I spend actually working with those tools/parts.. So a 'where is my stuff' thing is pretty dang useful.

Of course, it probably makes sense to have separate applications for inventory and for accounting value. But there are problems with that, too... for instance, it's dang difficult to come up with a solid/standard UPC database. the nature of barcode stickers is such that you probably have your own, unique numbers (which then, if you had a complete-ish upc database, you could link to) and small items? well, getting durable barcode (or rfid or NFC) tags appropriately sized for small things is usually difficult or expensive or both.

A reasonably written barcode (or rfid or nfc) based inventory thing means that other people can put things away and I can still find them; one of those things that makes living with other people (or hiring other people to help out) much easier.
A simple atmosphere will protect you from flares. I think even Mars's very thin atmosphere would be enough to save you.

I brought up a planet only for the fact that you would need something really really big to block all cosmic rays. I did not mean to imply it was necessary. People on Earth are hit from cosmic rays from "above" as part of our background radiation.
Bug status set to: WONTFIX-STRAYPARTICLE
This reminds me of a post a few months back about Voyager 2, where NASA traced the issue back to a single bit flip (and fixed it!)

Engineers successfully reset a computer onboard Voyager 2 that caused an unexpected data pattern shift, and the spacecraft resumed sending properly formatted science data back to Earth on Sunday, May 23. Mission managers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., had been operating the spacecraft in engineering mode since May 6. They took this action as they traced the source of the pattern shift to the flip of a single bit in the flight data system computer that packages data to transmit back to Earth. In the next week, engineers will be checking the science data with Voyager team scientists to make sure instruments onboard the spacecraft are processing data correctly.

http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1459328
>The CDC isn't allowed to conduct research into gun violence because they didn't even try to hide the fact that they were horribly biased.

So just because the numbers didn't reach the conclusion that you agree with, they are automatically biased?

>Here's a quote from Mark Rosenberg, former director of the CDC's National Center for Injury Prevention and Control and the guy who led a personal crusade against guns under the guise of 'research':

An out of context quote - and an ad hominem attack?

As far as I can tell, your strategy at this point is to try and muddy the water.

Meanwhile, here are some useful numbers to contemplate.

http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2013/01/pro-gun-myths-fa...
There are extensions available to let you collapse threads.

There are probably extensions available to let you filter certain users.

While these don't have the automatic filtering that's probably a good thing.

(BTW: I have an email address in my profile and if my posting style is annoying anyone I welcome email about it.)

EDIT: You have a perhaps over-strict deletion policy. People often make a mistaken down-vote, and those get corrected after a few hours.
Here's a recording of the webinar these slides are from:

http://kiss.wistia.com/medias/pkpgivfoga
More people start _anything_ than finish it. Since starting is a prerequisite for finishing, it is always the case that a maximum of 100% will finish, and likely fewer.

If your point is that more people start school than finish and somehow that weeds people out, you could also say the same thing about apprenticeships.
Storyteller, replay a timeline of coding sessions using git
Swimming with Sharks
I used MonoGame for Adlib and Petunk. For Windows 8 and Windows 7 the games share almost all of their code. I would estimate 90%. The only differences are persistence, sharing, that sort of thing. That said, it gets trickier when you want to create complex user interfaces or support different resolutions. In fact for my latest game I've switched to XAML completely due to those problems.

The most important thing, in my opinion, is to follow the MVC or MVVM (my preference) pattern and keep all of your game logic in a portable class library. This will give you the flexibility to target new platforms relatively quickly in my experience.

I've made a number of solutions to common problems I ran into which run on Windows 8 and 7 (and potentially other platforms) available if you're interested. Check it out here:

https://bitbucket.org/spottedzebra/pasta
The title of the video wasn't "How to make ink," it was "How ink is made."

Those are similar, but fundamentally different ideas. With the former you expect to come out the the process knowing how to make ink. The later is a bit more vague. To me anyway, it doesn't imply any specific level of detail with which the process will be described, and it's a perfectly appropriate title for something that explains the process in very broad steps.
there are frameworks. bootstrap + express + node.js is basically crud app ready to go. any tweaking necessary is done in a day by a good programmer, and that day's reflection is actually important in the long end. the truth of the matter is, creativity matters a lot in code and is often what drives application development in its earliest phases.
Citation needed.

Also, assuming that account is accurate, that's no reason for a legislative ban on such research - it's a reason to remove that person from a position of influencing the course and outcomes of said research. Unless you're of the opinion that considering firearms as dangerous is in and of itself an indication of bias, in which case you're beyond reason.
Sorta. It can be handy for guiding the optimizer away from a bad optimization choice but that's really a bad habit to get into.
Your comparison is a red herring.

Cars are useful and beneficial devices that enhance our lives. Guns are weapons intended to kill. They have zero utility to people who are not farmers or members of the police or military. That leaves recreational hunting as the sole activity for which one could justifiably claim gun ownership as a necessity. You don't need a hand cannon or a semi-automatic assault rifle to hunt deer.

Seriously, fuck guns.
There is more to this story than meets the eye. This had to be an IPv6 fragment attack. Why weren't you already advertising rejection of such packets, at least for DNS? Why would your analysis software and procedures not already be checking for memory problems with rules that would need yo assemble all the fragments before matching? Seems like there is more to this story than meets the eye.
Gotta disagree. Owning a datacenter doesn't mean that they own the building.

The difference between renting space in a datacenter versus running an entire datacenter is very big, and has ramifications for their uptime, security of their data and disaster recovery. Not sure why they aren't clearer about this.
Django has generic views for doing CRUD. My experience with them has been that I always, always end up having to replace them with real views due to some not-quite-generic requirement. Every time this happens I think "I'm never going to do that again", but I never seem to learn.
The Instagram guys said they didn't actually bench using a UUID + created_at column when they spoke at SFPUG, they just used their approach because it was recommended to them and seemed to work. That said, it is a pretty awesome robust mechanism, it's just arguably complex and not proven to be necessary even at their scale.
>Ultimately, I don't think google glass is anything more than a PR project to remove the stigma of google as ripoff artists and to make it look like they're innovative.

I disagree with everything about your comment, but especially this part. What on earth are you talking about? Labeling Google as non-innovative and Glass a mere "PR project" is shortsighted (oops, forgot about self-driving cars) and quite frankly, something I'd expect from an Engadget comment thread, not someone who managed to snag "nirvana" on HN.
Depends upon what you mean by "rise to prominence." It is not widely used (yet), but [Rust](http://rust-lang.org) is a former research project that is now being developed/used by a major tech company (mozilla) to implementation next-generation web browser. It's main (only) implementation is built on LLVM.
True, and yet given that gun control is an important political battle of our time, data pertaining specifically to guns, not just violence in general, is important. (At least to the extent that data ever influences these kinds of public decisions.)

Granted there are knee-jerk partisans on both sides of the issue. But thinking people would benefit from solid data. There are intelligent people who believe that defensive gun use almost never occurs, and then there are intelligent people who believe it's far more common than criminal gun use. They cannot both be right, but I believe intelligent people could be persuaded to the truth, if science could establish what the truth was.

That being said, gun control cannot be decided by a science-based, cost-benefit analysis alone. That's because we have the 2nd Amendment. So it is not just a scientific question, but also one of constitutional law.
I would also recommend Jeff Atwood's (second) blog post on the subject:

http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2008/01/is-worse-really-bet...

Jeff Atwood just blows me away with the way he combines information, entertainment, and insight in his articles. What I like most about this one is that he brings in Steve Martin's take on good vs. great, thus showing us that the whole issue is by no means limited to the world of software development. (Just like the poster of the parent of this reply said, this is to reinforce and complement the original submission.)
It's largely because the United States has as part of its constitution that citizens be armed. Even if guns are determined to be harmful, they're unlikely to go away. Meanwhile, there are hundreds of promising categories of research, including sociological and criminal areas, in which, if effective means of improvement are found, changes may actually be implemented. The more strident of a utilitarian (the school of thought that favors less violence versus following the Constitution) a researcher is, the more the researcher will pursue the avenue that will do the most good and avoid a principled death on the hill of gun ownership and proliferation.
>For instance, because of those differences in the definition of “defensive gun use” some researchers will tell you that Americans use a gun to defend themselves something like 1.5 million times every year. Others say it happens maybe 200,000 times annually.

That kind of variability does not create an environment where it is easy to craft evidence-based policy

fuck you, yes it clearly does, it just isn't the answer you want. Author has clearly written the bottom line first in this article. 20k deaths occur annually from gun violence discounting suicides. The lowest estimate for defensive uses of guns (which came from a study which only counted actual police reports) was the aforementioned 200k. This is an order of magnitude difference. Criminals in our country are going to have guns for a long time and no law is going to change that.
A different take on superior technologies by someone some here may have heard about:

http://www.paulgraham.com/power.html

http://www.paulgraham.com/diff.html

http://www.paulgraham.com/avg.html
No problem. It's amazing how much of the process was done by hand.
The feed has just turned into absolute noise for me these days. Wish there was an easier... Ad free way for them to make money.
I used to work at a company that had an asset management product.

The problem with asset management is that the concept makes a lot of sense, and sounds very useful, but it requires a great deal of discipline. It's basically like Quicken for businesses. Quicken makes a lot of sense, but unless everything is automated, people get bored, and once you fall 1 month behind, people usually give up. Basically, it's the human element that fails.

It's the same case with asset management. It requires someone to do the boring task of keeping track of everything. The other thing is that GAAP allows for a certain tolerance of things like valuation of assets, depreciation, etc, so you don't need to be exactly right. This gives less incentive for people to maintain a tight inventory on all their belongings.

One of my relatives owns a store, and they track inventory very loosely, because they know that their things will get shoplifted, suppliers will ship them a different amount than they requested, etc. They build in a tolerance for errors, and it's a widely accepted practice. As long as this tolerance is good enough, then having an exact count plus the amount of time required to be exact, makes the entire concept not worth it.
They have zero utility to people who are not farmers or members of the police or military.

These would be the same organizations (well, excluding farmers, I suppose) who killed about a hundred million of their own countrymen in the twentieth century alone?

Yeah, I can see where allowing the government to hold a monopoly on the use of force is a really bright idea. Good thinking there, Tex.
Swing applications in browser using HTML5 - new open source project
Previous thread on SpaceX costs: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=3857904