skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Do you know how psychiatrists or clinical psychologists diagnose depression? Have you read the DSM? Do you know how they come up with the criteria for psychiatric disorders in DSM? Do you know the controversies behind DSM? Do you know few decades ago homosexuality was regarded as a mental disorder? Do you know that there are researchers who want to introduce a new "psychiatric disorder" (i.e., hypersexual disorder) in the next edition of DSM for people who have sex more than 7 times a week ?

Here is the criteria for major depression:
Diagnostic criteria:

Depressed mood and/or loss of interest or pleasure in life activities for at least 2 weeks and at least five of the following symptoms that cause clinically significant impairment in social, work, or other important areas of functioning almost every day

1.
Depressed mood most of the day.

2.
Diminished interest or pleasure in all or most activities.

3.
Significant unintentional weight loss or gain.

4.
Insomnia or sleeping too much.

5.
Agitation or psychomotor retardation noticed by others.

6.
Fatigue or loss of energy.

7.
Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt.

8.
Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness.

9.
Recurrent thoughts of death (APA, 2000, p. 356).

I am sure everyone has met some of its criteria at some point in their life. Without a real diagnosis, you really can't say if the person has a major depression. Even with a diagnosis, how do you know the doctor is making the right diagnosis with SUCH VAGUE criteria?

Edit: I am very aware of what DanBC has pointed out about the other criteria:
i) at least 2 weeks
ii) and at least five of the following symptoms
iii) clinically significant impairment in social, work, or other important areas of functioning almost every day.

BUT THEN, the question becomes "Why 2 week?" "Why at least five of the symptoms?" Who came up with the numbers? Let me tell you, the DSM committee have a lot of disagreement about those. Those numbers are not some magic numbers that once you pass that threshold, you suddenly become clinical depressed.
I don't have any answers, just commenting anecdotally. I have an eight year old daughter. I'm a Physicist by education and nowadays I work in software startups in Silicon Valley. She loves sciences, because Daddy loves sciences. We get the telescope out on clear nights, she has a picture of her holding a camera obscura image of the recent eclipse, we got out of bed to watch the Space Station fly overhead. Right now she's in the other room on her Chromebook playing VIM Adventures to familiarize herself with the hand movements for VIM.

I go on all the school trips. The trips to the tech museum see lots of the little boys running around, fascinated by the science. Most of her female peers... meh. Given that they all have the same classroom experience it seems to me that the explanation is outside of the classroom, and it starts early.

Gender role reinforcement is still very big in US culture. Girls are steered in the direction of !science repeatedly by parents, by TV, by media role models.

Like I say, I don't have an answer, but it saddens me and I desperately hope that as she moves towards middle school, the peer pressure and anti-intellectualism that is teenage-girl-culture in the US doesn't overpower the decreasing influence I have as a parent.
Hah - I only meant your reputation as a prolific and highly rated commenter.

As for my response... you seem to have made a few presumptions about what I believe. Your comments about "all at once" restoring a pre-1900s atmospheric level, or humans ever having been able to "dial in" a climate aren't reflective of what I feel, fwiw. As the question you asked, I mentioned the closed system/sequestered carbon because I don't think it's valid to include carbon that has been removed from the atmosphere (CACO3, coal deposits, etc) when talking about a normal climate cycle.

I don't entirely understand the differences in the framing at the end, either. If you believe we need to reduce CO2 emissions, then we're in agreement.

And regarding the postscript - I didn't mean to be pedantic, nor am I an expert in the subject. I was just pointing out the discrepancy, and I probably didn't have to, so my apologies there.
A formula I've used is to take yourselves out of the equation. Pretend that you are going to hire outsiders to do the design and dev work. Decide how you would split the profit, given that you would be doing zero work yourselves.

Then bill your time back against the revenue at realistic hourly rates for the qualifications and experience. Finally split the profit as decided above.
For the interested, check out Wahl and Ammann 2007 that addresses the simplistic criticism that gd1 offers.
4G access will not cost more for Three customers
One thing to not is that 40k is just the sticker price. Only 3-10% of students pay that price at any given school. Why the sticker price? To make the school seem more valuable to the students and make the students seem overjoyed when they get a 15k grant/scholarship a year like I did. 25k is still a lot, but it's not 40k.

Really good NPR Planet Money podcast on this - http://www.npr.org/blogs/money/2012/05/11/152511771/the-real...
>I really like the idea behind this website, there are few interesting topics.

:) Thanks mate.

> One suggestion: in "Select viewport" section add number of upvotes for each viewport (so you don't have to click on every viewport to see number of upvotes).

If you hover over the piechart you can see what % votes each got. But I do like that idea as well, a little more obvious. Will put it on the to-do.
Most cow flatulence is the result of human activity. Before cows were domesticated, there was almost no chance cows would ever reach these ridiculous herd sizes in nature (barring natural selection for KILLER COWS).

Also, they did not eat corn or soy-based diets much in nature, which both cause increased methane emissions. Alfalfa and flaxseed are proven to reduce emissions.

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/06/05/us/05cows.html?pagewanted=...
Your ad hominem-fueled rage is clouding your reading comprehension. If you read down from that sub-thread, you'll see I'm talking about Carmen Ortiz's moral culpability being bound by her reasonable expectations about the situation. One previous suicide out of tens of thousands of prosecutions in her office is insufficient to show that she should have reasonably expected aggressive prosecution could have led to another suicide. You can't blame people for consequences they couldn't reasonably have been expected to see coming, and suicide is almost always such a consequence.
Facebook Will Use Icon To Signal Retargeted Ads
It's two-dimensional, you can also go down. Press ESC to get an overview and pressing SPC guides you through all the slides (ie. goes down as well).
Seems like Facebook is pretty close to solving signalling and a directory - in effect it already has them for their messaging service. If you enable chat on Facebook then people can already find you for chat and know if you're [reporting that you're] available.

FB is already in bed with Skype though I think so not sure how that would pan out in practice.
Amen. It's things like this that get me excited for the future.
You totally can. If you are a constant scripter, find ways in introduce technology that'll get you more involved with development. Are you a perl / linux program master? Switch to doing some administrative chores in python, from the command line. It'll be clunky and take way longer, but gives you an excuse to learn syntax and libraries.

Then, when you are comfortable with the syntax, use your free to time read projects / books and do side projects to get your skills up. When you feel comfortable, get into dev ops. At most companies, that means people that can write code and do their own sysadmin work.
Being rich is weird, says Notch
Do Venture Capitalists Care About Your Technology Choices?
Sometime I'm going to write a piece "Why you should not follow links that include the word 'brain'".
This is a joke right ? or is it just a clever marketing trick ?

if not, I Seriously think this whole copyright thing should die. apparently this design is very typical, its not like you have invented some unique jquery scrollTo plugin, or the fonts/icons.

so a few people copied your website as is, some others might change it a bit more, what's the big deal ?
I see your website as a copy of some other hundred websites I've seen before here and there (check theme forest for example).

Let people copy and do what they like .. if you want to protect, probably dont put it on a client side.

welcome to the internet ..
European Startup Blogs
Are there any blogs about European startups?
I just signed up for Comcast at my new house this week. I'm getting 105 megabit internet + HD channels and one cable box for $134/month.
Exactly. Let's dig up the hiring practices of the Bank of England from the 1700's and see how outraged we can all get.
Twitter Acquires Bluefin Labs
Endless Scroll
Build a Pinterest clone social network site.
Cleanroom: detecting errors in web applications
Actually, London has data on the Underground (wifi) but no mobile signal.

(Okay, you could use Skype or whatever, but I'd expect the latency and reliability of the connection is too shitty for that.)
Ask HN: Is there something with CoffeeScript/Python syntax for C/C++?
As I've grown accustomed to CoffeeScript over the past year, I've decided I really like the syntax. The indentation, lack of punctuation, and overall brevity seem to mesh well with how my brain works.

Does anyone know of something similar for C or C++? Some of my scripts I've written for scientific work are hitting performance limits (and algorithmic limits), so now it's time to rewrite them in a faster language.
What does it mean to "democratise" encryption? Can people start voting on it now?
So useful! Thank you so much.
> Assuming there are no other bugs in the CMS in question, and no other apps are installed with access to the same server, and the admins implement good authentication policies, there is no danger from this.

That depends on the contents of the file in question. Example: An attacker can forge hmacs if the config file contains the signing key.
If they think it stands on it's own literary merits, then they are deluded. The Iliad is far more sophisticated.

If we want to talk about importance then that is another story, but merely on the quality of writing there is hardly a comparison between the two.

"The Bible" is a curated though disorganized collection of confused and contradictory prose and poetry, many of which were evolved rather than written, filled with massive sections of irrelevant tedium (Have you read Numbers? I mean honestly...). Together it only forms a cohesive work with logic-defying "interpretation".

The King James translation has literary importance for it's influence on the English language, and the collection in general obviously has immense historic importance, but other than that? Yeah... no.

On the other-hand the Iliad is a masterpiece of epic poetry and a fine example of writing by all standards. No excuses need to be made for it, and that really is the most telling thing to realize.
What I fail to understand is how it can be legal to make unlocking (throwing, destroying or eating) your phone illegal?
You must confirm the opt in.

Imagine Bob wants to flood Ann with email; Bob can go and put Ann's email address in as many sign up lists as possible.

With no confirmation Ann now gets many emails that she hasn't asked for. She reports them as spam. You might say that she could just opt out, but people are told not to opt out because that's just confirming the address is alive.

> A user signs up to my site and is automatically subscribed to 2 lists.

NO. A user signs up to your site and is offered a check box for the two lists (unchecked by default), and if they click the check box they are subbed to your 2 lists.

> They receive 1 welcome email.

If they subbed to the two lists they receive one confirmation / welcome email.

It's worth taking the time to do this properly because you'll end up with a list of people who actually do want to get your email, rather than a bunch of people who just don't know how to unsubscribe.
From a designer's perspective: design has an element of personal "style". It takes a lot of hard work to develop your own aesthetic, which makes it highly frustrating when someone lazily swipes it and passes it off as their own.
"not open source" This post is here to discuss options for changing that.

"web based" I'd say that is a plus, because you can have the same GUI running locally (and fast) on your computer and running remotely (and slow) on your web server. I know that WebKit has a huge overhead compared to emacs or mutt, but since about every second email that i receive is HTML anyway, i won't be able to avoid WebKit / Gecko.

"html emails" I have to write email to normal people too. I know it's sad, but most of my friends prefer HTML emails with pictures. That said, some of my existing beta testers are using it to send around HTML newsletters.

"no PGP support" correct. I've never used it and (see below) the PGP signatures seem to irritate some people.

"IMAP client tied to MUA" correct. I chose to go this way to finally have fast and working offline mode with synchronization

"no mention of keybindings" I implemented CMD+I for INBOX and CMD+S for search. Since i didn't miss anything else, i didn't implement them.

I consider myself a coder/hacker and i built this to suit my workflow, so i thought that description to be accurate.

"I'm a little sad that this link got so much upvotes" I'd say this is a good thing because it gives us the possibility to discuss what you dislike about my email client or email in general.

BTW, i'd be interested in what solution you currently use. Maybe that'll also help others that drift here to find their new perfect mail client.
subtlepatterns.com doesn't seem to be loading the css?
If you get home in the mid-afternoon and you're really hungry, do you put on the roast for tonight's dinner and wait several hours for it to be ready, or do you have a quick sandwich now while you're preparing the roast?

A partial solution is better than sticking to the dogma that no solution be attempted until a wholly-conclusive one is found.
I've always felt depression is only somewhat understood, as you say it's hard to diagnose.

For example, #7 is a common one for me - and you simply can't see it or diagnose it unless I tell you. But you can usually tell from other things; like the fact I get obsessed with ideas and spend a lot of time walking (i.e. thinking/brooding).

I agree with you; and I wasn't exactly trying to make a diagnosis over the internet. I was trying to point out that although Taren seems so certain he was not depressed, she makes some claims which are very much not the be-all-and-end-all of depression. And that some of the activities she describes are common tells for depression.

My point being; it's not simple, and depression is a complex and evil thing.
Do we design cars so that not a single person ever dies? Do we design medicine so a single person never dies? You can't design a realistic justice system that doesn't have unfair outcomes sometimes any more than you can design a test for cancer that never has false positives.

Outside this particularly sympathetic context, I'd say people want their justice system to be fairly neutral and not swayed by the specifics of peoples' circumstances.
A coal plant isn't human, and coal plants produce CO2, therefore coal plants are nonhuman sources of CO2.
I suppose design is like fashion.
Whatever you do will be emulated and plain ripped off pretty quickly so if you want to be seen as the hip trendsetter who gets to charge the highest prices you need to be constantly reinventing yourself to stay ahead of the curve.
A quote from the article: "... and especially since 2005, when Lawrence H. Summers, then president of Harvard, made his notorious comments about women’s aptitude ..."

This is a gross misreading of history. Summers didn't make a disparaging comment about women's mathematical or scientific aptitude, he merely commented on a theory that men and women have the same average IQ, but different standard deviations in their scores.

The theory is that men and women have the same average IQ, a view supported by much research, but men's IQ standard deviation (deviation from the mean) is larger, which means the population of men includes more individuals who are both smarter and dumber than women, but with the same average value.

The theory is discussed in some depth here (scroll down to "The Trait-Spread Theory"):

http://arachnoid.com/artificial_womb/index.html#Gender_Issue...

Graphic:

http://arachnoid.com/artificial_womb/graphics/population_cur...

Summers' comments on this theory were widely misinterpreted as suggesting that women were't as smart as men, Summers couldn't extinguish the resulting brush fire, and he was forced out of his post as president of Harvard.

In short, it seems Summers overestimated the intelligence of his audience. There was nothing disparaging about his remarks, but they were perhaps a bit too technical for a public presentation for nonspecialists.
Why I Choose Rails: A Long-Time PHP Developer's Opinion
Neat trick but it can also hurt developer for publicly shaming his client like this.
Let me restate that: I think most porn today is sexist, much of it in a manner which is demeaning to women. I also think it is basically irrelevant. Male or female, attacking someone sexually is generally one of the ugliest forms of attack known by humankind.
I’m glad to see you're taking all this so seriously.
That change only applied to some.

Here's a graph of overall tax burden since 1960 broken down by income group: http://graphics8.nytimes.com/images/2012/04/13/opinion/sunda...

Only the top 1% has seen a dramatic change in tax burden over that time frame, for everyone else taxes have either stayed steady or gone up overall. The most important parts of this graph are the middle, second, and top quintiles, who should be the most capable of putting money aside. However, their federal tax burdens all rose substantially. And the recent reduction in tax rates has only occurred during a massive economic contraction so there hasn't been a true opportunity for most people to make use of the lower rates yet.
No-one will go to jail.

I sometimes struggle to figure out why the political system is such a mess in the US, being a recent citizen, coming from another country and system. Disengagement is obviously a huge factor, as it gives extremists disproportionate influence. Corruption is another, directly, as in directly steering policy in directions contrary to the directly stated will of the people in their voting.

However corruption has a nefarious influence on the first factor - disengagement. When the average joe on the street lives in a world where laws are almost arbitrarily vague and enable arrest and detention on a whole host of grounds - for example, relevant to this community, the hounding do death of folks like Aaron Swartz, but most communities have ehtir own examples - and where jobs are being lost and real hardship is experienced by large percentages of the country... it is not surprising that when we see these huge crimes, terrible consequences on the common man from dramatic misbehavior among the wealth elites who remain largely unscathed suffering few consequences of their actions... and when we see the wealthy and connected elites absolutely immune to legal recourse - no jailtime, nothing more than slaps on wrists, on companies forced to shut up shop... is it really surprising so many people just give up?
This probably reflects your own biases :-)
A friend lectures in the history of climate change -- I'll try and get her reading list and report back here.
It's not particularly oriented on recent human caused warming but does include it.
Thanks for the link. I looked up the views of the first scientist listed under "Scientists arguing that global warming is primarily caused by natural processes". Here is what I found

"Abdussamatov claims that "global warming results not from the emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, but from an unusually high level of solar radiation and a lengthy—almost throughout the last century—growth in its intensity."[4] This view contradicts the mainstream scientific opinion on climate change as well as accepted reconstructions of solar activity. [5][6][7] He has asserted that "parallel global warmings—observed simultaneously on Mars and on Earth—can only be a straightline consequence of the effect of the one same factor: a long-time change in solar irradiance."[8] This assertion has not been accepted by the broader scientific community, some of whom have stated that "the idea just isn't supported by the theory or by the observations" and that it "doesn't make physical sense."[9][10]

Abdussamatov also contends that the natural greenhouse effect does not exist, stating "Ascribing 'greenhouse' effect properties to the Earth's atmosphere is not scientifically substantiated."[11] He further states that "Heated greenhouse gases, which become lighter as a result of expansion, ascend to the atmosphere only to give the absorbed heat away." He has stated that more work is needed to model the effect. However, this effect cannot happen because the mean free path of molecules in the atmosphere is very short, transferring energy by collisions and preventing greenhouse gases from retaining the excess energy they absorb.

In early 2012, Abdussamatov predicted the onset of a new "mini-iceage" commencing 2014 and becoming most severe around 2055.[12]"

Is this really a a significant contrarian as the OP stated?
Actually to me, the biggest takeaway from this is the fact that Google is killing online privacy by giving an easy bait to content marketers to publicly disclose their identity.
The first guy is talking to the second guy, even though they're very far apart. We used to have to use a special part of the computer for this, but now we can use the regular part that we use for most of our other stuff.

We also used to have to ask another person every time we wanted to talk to each other this way. Now, some of the time, we can talk to each other without asking him first.

Explaining it like you're ten might be more useful:

You know Skype? Well, now we can do that on the Internet [Ed: I know, but you're ten, so bear with me]. Also, we can send the video straight from one computer to another. We used to have to send it far away, to another computer, and then he would send it to the person we were talking to. We can also hide what we are saying from other people.

Pretend you're mailing a letter to Grandma. Before, we had to mail a postcard to our mean aunt, who would send it to Grandma. Now, we can put it in an envelope and send it straight to Grandma's house.
Ask HN: Has anyone ever had P/T Freelance work as a PM?
I know developers and front end developers will pick up some side freelance work as a Project Manager? If you have I'd be interested in knowing how/where you found it.

About me: I'm far more technical than most of my competitors...I'm know for getting my hands dirty and talking through feasible integration and architectures with dev staff.
>People face longer sentences and the prospect of being imprisoned among violent offenders everyday without killing themselves.

Some of those people grow up in a culture that prepares them for the possibility that they will be jailed, even possibly unjustly imprisoned.
The technique in question here is omitting labels and relying upon the placeholder attribute only.

If you're suggesting that a JavaScript technique could hide the labels for non-screen reader users, how exactly do you intend to determine that? (hint: it's not possible)
All of the above scripts had external dependencies.
She didn't know who it was, did she? I thought that's what it said in TFA.
Stack Overflow CDN is down?