skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
To add to this.

Both the Bayesian vs frequentist interpretations make understanding the problem challenging, as both are powerful interpretations to find the needle in the haystack, when the problem is finding the hay in the haystack.

A better lens is that a recursive binary sequence (coin flips) is an algorithmically random sequence if and only if it is a Chaitin's number.[1]

Chaitin's number is normal, which is probably easier understood with decimal digits meaning that with any window size, over time the distribution, the distribution of 0-9 will be the same.

This is why HALT ≈ open frame ≈ system identification ≈ symbol grounding problems.

Probabilities are very powerful for problems like The dining philosophers problem or the Byzantine generals problem, they are still grabbing needles every time they reach into the hay stack.

Pretty much any almost all statement is a hay in the haystack problem. For example almost all real numbers are normal, but we have only found a few.

We can construct them, say with .101010101 in base 2 .123123123123 in base 3 etc...but we can't access them.

Given access to the true reals, you have 0 percent chance of picking a computable number, rational, etc... but a 100% chance of getting a normal number or 100% chance of getting an uncomputable number.

Bayesian vs frequentist interpretations allow us to make useful predictions, but they are the map, not the territory.

Bayesian iid data and Frequentist iid random variables play the exact similar roles Enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, statistical entropy, information theory entropy, Shannon Entropy etc...

The difference between them is the independent variables that they depend on and the needs of the model they are serving.

You can also approach the property that people often want to communicate when using the term entropy as effective measure 0 sets, null cover, martingales, kolmogorov complexity, compressibility, set shattering, etc...

As a lens, null cover is most useful in my mind, as a random real number should not have any "uncommon" properties, or look more like the normal reals.

This is very different from statistical methods, or any effective usable algorithm/program, which absolutely depend on "uncommon" properties.

Which is exactly the hay in the problem of finding the hay haystack problem, hay is boring.

[1]https://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~cristian/samplepapers/omegast...
You're not, foreshadowing my Claude subscription with email only login... I want a password everyday.
I see a huge progress made since the first gpt-4 release. The reliability of answers has improved an order of magnitude. Two years ago, more than half of my questions resulted in incorrect or partially correct answers (most of my queries are about complicated software algorithms or phd level research brainstorming). A simple “are you sure” prompt would force the model to admit it was wrong most of the time. Now with o1 this almost never happens and the model seems to be smarter or at least more capable than me - in general. GPT-4 was a bright high school student. o1 is a postdoc.
I'm usually happy to flag news, politics. I'm happy with HN being for anything intellectually interesting, and nothing else.

America is being attacked from the top, Donald Trump gaining and abusing more and more personal power every day in an apparent attempt to become an autocrat, meanwhile he and the dictator of El Salvador sit in the White House and just about the ONLY power you will see these two disclaim is that they "don't have the power" to bring this guy back.

The ONLY thing I can see that makes this not intellectually interesting is just how sad and maddening it is. That definitely detracts from the curiosity of it all. But it's hard to imagine historians will find it remotely uninteresting.
You should give it documentation is can't guess.
I don't want to dissuade you from Podman Desktop, because Podman is awesome in its own way, but I do hear you about the "uncanny valley" part.

I wanted to offer that you don't have to jump all the way to podman (and Podman Desktop) just to escape the Docker Desktop licensing problem. There are a lot of alternatives which a whole spectrum of "I am CLI savvy or not" interaction experiences

- Rancher Desktop is A++ and carries a friendly license https://rancherdesktop.io/ -> https://github.com/rancher-sandbox/rancher-desktop/blob/v1.1...

- colima (and the lima it wraps) -> https://github.com/abiosoft/colima#readme

- there's one from AWS called Finch <https://github.com/runfinch/finch> that some of my colleagues like better than colima; YMMV <https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/opensource/introducing-finch-an...>
I love fantasy in general, and have read a ton of it. other than tolkien, I have never read a novel with that strong a sense of geography in a constructed world - specifically, that there is an entire rich land out there, and not just a graph of interesting places with the focus shifting from one point to another. when the hobbits have to go from the shire to rivendell, or aragorn has to take the paths of the dead to reach his destination in time, tolkien really manages to convey the experience of a difficult journey that takes a significant amount of time even when nothing plot-significant is happening along the way.
> Intel soon discovered the obvious, which is that customers with applications well-suited to FPGAs already use FPGAs.

Yes, but pairing an FPGA somewhat tightly integrated with an actually powerful x86 CPU would have made an interesting alternative to the usual FPGA+some low end ARM combo that's common these days.
Figures, though I suspect that code only makes up a fraction of the binary size. Assuming it’s electron most of that bulk is chromium bits.
> The entire point is that whoever is in power decides which law actually gets applied and to whom.

And that "entire point" is historically incorrect in the United States. There is a long, long, LONG history of the Department of Justice investigating and prosecuting members of the administration that technically runs it.

That your point seems to be correct now, in the most corrupt administration of the modern era, is something that is notable and worth discussing. It's certainly not something to sweep under the rug with a both-sides-ist dismissal.
Removing the annoying watermarks that some TV stations put in the corner of their shows...
> Yes. Trusting them is my competitive advantage.

I don't see what that is supposed to mean. What does that give you?
I heard lithium too. I assumed this was the reasoning with the tariff plans, but since that just turned out to be market manipulation by the president to cover all his legal fees, I assumed we would stop talking about Greenland...
At the time, Instagram had 80 million users, it had no monetization strategy and was profitless[1]. I suppose this made it seem less of an immediate competitive threat to Facebook's business model, especially with the presence of other smaller photo sharing platforms by Google etc.

In 2020, the Wall Street Journal reported that FTC officials in 2012 had concerns about the deal raising antitrust issues. However, they were apprehensive about potentially losing an antitrust case in court if they sued to block the deal.[2] If they would lose then on the merits of trying to enforce the Clayton Act, it would set a precedent that likely could not be undone.

[1] https://www.ibtimes.co.uk/facebook-instagram-deal-down-747m-...

[2] https://www.wsj.com/articles/tech-ceos-defend-operations-ahe...
A court didn’t buy that: the district court and 9th Circuit both held that iOS and Android compete in the Epic v. Apple case.

A jury however found that the relevant market in the Epic v. Google case was just Android. Google is understandably appealing that to the 9th Circuit.
I came back from Bali and shortly after came down with a really high fever when I was on vacation in Maine. When I got home week later called my primary as I was still running a bit of a fever and got blood work which was pretty bad. Went to ER and my primary care figured it was something tick related. The infectious disease guy on call immediately identified as Dengue Fever. At the end, including sending blood to the Louis Pasteur Institute in Paris I spent something south of $1K to get told I’d recover on my own—the Paris tests came back like weeks later—and there really wasn’t much they could do.
I'm surprised there isn't a readily available water-mark remover at this point. A synthetic training set for such a model could be created trivially.
systemd user units can be run by non-root users.

https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Systemd/User
I tried to answer that here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43686919
Walking Skeleton (2008)
I wonder if we'll see more Intel sell-offs, as Tan et al try to get things under control.

Will we see an AMD-esque fab spin-off?
systemctl --user ...
It would be really interesting to see the list of people who flag these news. At this point, I mostly browse HN by clicking on COMMENTS so I can see the actual stories that got flagged (that always have to do about democracy being eroded by Trump)
It’s time for the SCOTUS to deputize the country to enforce the consequences of contempt of court that the US is doing.

Before you ask, yes, technically the SCOTUS can do this.
They're absolutely teeing up to be able to deport whoever they want. Reasonable people should be (and are) very afraid.
No, the generic approach requires your data to be spaced out further in memory (or to be heap allocated), which causes CPU cache misses and is slower. The entire reason for intrusive linked lists is performance. Standard linked lists are notoriously slow compared to almost any other similar data structure, which is why they are hardly ever used in real code (ArrayLists and vectors are much more common).
"Never believe that anti-Semites are completely unaware of the absurdity of their replies. They know that their remarks are frivolous, open to challenge. But they are amusing themselves, for it is their adversary who is obliged to use words responsibly, since he believes in words. The anti-Semites have the right to play. They even like to play with discourse for, by giving ridiculous reasons, they discredit the seriousness of their interlocutors. They delight in acting in bad faith, since they seek not to persuade by sound argument but to intimidate and disconcert. If you press them too closely, they will abruptly fall silent, loftily indicating by some phrase that the time for argument is past"

- Jean-Paul Sartre
Layers of the AI Stack, Explained Simply
None of that is correct.

No, it's not in all OSes. I wish it were.

No, it's not in all native apps. KDE reinvents its own set of keystrokes, for instance, and half the KDE apps have no menu bars any more... And there's no global way to force them either.

Yes, the control panel and RegEdit are totally keyboard controllable.

You can literally just unplug the mouse from a Windows desktop and it remains totally 100% operable.

Some apps may not, because the developers didn't do their jobs right, but the OS is.

How else could blind people use PCs?
Tomb Engine
I think I wrote an email along those lines, at some point, although it was as much annoyance with the persistence of a particular recruiter as it was a desire not to work at Amazon.
FTC does in fact need to show (directly or through indirect evidence) that Meta has monopoly power in a relevant market and that it abused that power in order to win a Section 2 case.

If the relevant market ends up including TikTok or YouTube, FTC will be unable to make that showing.
No, which is why it’s so surprising so few are able to get in.
Frontier AI Models Still Fail at Basic Physical Tasks: A Manufacturing Case Stu
Harvard affiliated hospitals are dependent on NIH funding for survival. Wonder if they are included in the scope of this.
If AMD did the same thing years later, was it really that foolish?
I'm not a lawyer but I do not consider a property tax to be the same thing as a wealth tax.

If I own a house or condominium in San Francisco, at a fundamental level I do not own the land or space the residence is sitting on. "Ownership" is basically a lease of the parcel from the city. The house structure is an improvement on leased land; this ties the property tax calculation to the value of the structure. The property tax is the rent on the land/space. I believe this is the constitutional justification for property taxes (no opposition from me).
It's biological https://www.bbc.com/news/newsbeat-47622059 (mankind didn't know this until the relatively recent advent of "live" brain imaging). Something similar happened with SJobs and today people deify him.

Seriously though, Billy was a FB investor (in addition to apparently being a Sith Lord who may have seen an Anakin-echo in youngling Zuck) and it's assumed he didExert influence during the dark period. It must have been intense for Zuck. Can only hope such influence faded with the Epstein scandal, but it's too late for Mark to stay in control of Meta now anyway, unfortunately you have to take the Bad with the Good. Mark's problem now is he's too young to retire and he really, it's not like he can spin-off with Reality Labs and keep going on the Orion stuff --without leadership, that market isLost to Apple now (though Apple's entire C-suite is aging out and since Elon is not available anymore..heh yeah: Zuck, the next CEO of AAPL --halfway callin' it.)
Applications that benefit from the Zynq-style combination (e.g. radio systems) generally take that approach because they have SWaP concerns that preclude the use of big x86 CPUs in the first place.
Not at rates anywhere near tax rates on wages of a middle class worker.
Lipoprotein(a) and Cardiovascular Disease (2024)
I keep hearing about it, but never got to check out, the name suggests that it may be waste of time. Maybe it’s a fantastic project but name lets it down?
Not my experience. It might depend on where you live. I'm also not sure if places with bad reviews are shown or at which zoom level they are shwon
Should change title. They sold 51% at a valuation of $8.75B, so cash in is ~ $4.29B.
I feel the same way about these models as you conclude. Gemini 2.5 is where I paste whole projects for major refactoring efforts or building big new bits of functionality. Claude 3.7 is great for most day to day edits. And 4.1 okay for small things.

I hope they release a distillation of 4.5 that uses the same training approach; that might be a pretty decent model.
Introduction to Scientific Visualization with Blender
A free text on learning Blender.

See also Python API section (Blender 4.1 mentioned): https://surf-visualization.github.io/blender-course/api/1000...
1/ It does not take anything away. The use is not casual but deliberate and analytical. The concept of « rape culture » extends beyond sexual assault to other patterns of consent violation and power dynamics.

2/ it has been discussed for like, decades, in academic and social contexts, how attitudes in some domain reflects and reinforces them in others.

3/ Your « actual » makes an assumption about my experience that you have no basis for.

Point remains that non-consensual use of artists’ work reflects the same fundamental disregard for autonomy that characterizes other consent violations.
Intel acquired Altera in December 2015 for $16.7 billion in cash.
Grok 3.0 Workspaces
you can run docker containers without them requiring root too.

systemd itself is a root service. it shouldnt be a necessary dependency to run > 1 containers without root. somehow it is.
You should try addressing my original question, rather than deflecting with yours. Have you provided any evidence of their independence?

But you clearly can't. I give up.
There’s an interactive visual of Entropy here in the Where To Partition section (midway thru the article): https://mlu-explain.github.io/decision-tree/
Wasn't he in the US because he was fleeing the gangs? Or is it another deportee?
Didn't they give kids a free VPN service then use it to spy on which apps they used the most, to predict who their next competitor would be?
Rest in Peace Altera I guess? I still drink out of my color changing Altera mug (that's long stopped changing color) most days. PE ruins everything so it's only a matter of time before they're gutted and sold for scraps by the vultures at Silver Lake. (though honestly the writing was on the wall since the Intel acquisition I had held onto some hope) If only we had a functioning government interested in actually maintaining our technological dominance and enforcing/expanding antitrust legislation. I wrote my first Verilog on an Altera chip and I'll remember them fondly.
Comparison to tRPC discussed here : https://ts-rest.com/docs/comparisons/rpc-comparison
I don't know why it's downvoted.

It has come to this America - you better acknowledge it quickly. It may be hard, as half of VC world and tech titans are complicit. But that's the reality today.

It's no wonder why travel from EU to US is collapsing. I'm not going to US anytime soon neither. And yes, Trump is dumb. He's also very dangerous.
Seems Grok has silently added workspace feature to Grok, similar to Claude's workspaces with attachments, chat instructions, and past conversations. Seems to be available on the free version too.
It's pretty simple. I write out a detailed spec, similar to what I'd put in Linear/JIRA for a bright intern. I give it to Claude Code, and it starts writing code, proposing the edits to me. They're usually decent, and when they aren't I reject the proposed edits and give it feedback. After a few minutes the work is done, typically faster than I could've typed out the code by hand (even including writing the spec).

God help you for complex code though, it will spin in circles of failing to debug.
Why not good? Gives an investor a chance to invest.

Investment has the risk of loss. You should do your homework before risking the loss!
> If I own a house or condominium in San Francisco, at a fundamental level I do not own the land or space the residence is sitting on. "Ownership" is basically a lease of the parcel from the city.

It's interesting to me that medieval European peasants "renting" the land they farmed had much stronger ownership rights than Americans who "own" land do today.

> I believe this is the constitutional justification for property taxes

It isn't. The constitutional justification for property taxes is that they're assessed by the states, not by the federal government.

The federal government is free to assess property taxes too, except that it must apportion them between the states: https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artI-S9-C4-1/...

> An 1861 federal tax on real property illustrates how the rule of apportionment operates. Congress enacted a direct tax of $20 million. After apportioning the direct tax among the states, territories, and the District of Columbia, the State of New York was liable for the largest portion of the tax [...]

What this meant was that the federal government delegated tax quotas to the states and the states were responsible for collecting them as they saw fit.
I agree. Congress has allocated funds to Harvard. It’s not up to the executive whether to disburse them, unless that was specifically stated in the law.
> 16+ hospitals remain operational in Gaza

No, the last fully functional hospital of Gaza was just bombed yesterday [1]

> despite serving as terror HQ

This remains to be proven and sounds more like propaganda.

> The central camps have been almost totally untouched since the hostages are being kept there: https://www.jpost.com/israel-hamas-war/article-804993

This is not what the article says at all. An in any case, if the IDF knew where the hostages were held, why wouldn't they surround these areas and liberate them, instead of terrorizing civilians over and over again on all the territory?

> if you take the 50,000 death estimate from Hamas at face value

Looking at the following:

* the scale of destruction visible on satellite images, drone footage - shown by both parties in the conflict
* the quantity of bombs (29,000+ air-dropped bombs according to US intelligence, plus the tank and artillery ammunition)
* the population density in the whole Gaza strip
* the lack of resources and safety to rescue people and recover bodies from under the rubble after bombing
* the lack of food, water, medical supplies, medical staff, ambulances

Can we realistically think that the number of casualties could be that low?

[1]: https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cjr7l123zy5o
African here. It's greed.Many factors play a part, but the biggest one is greed.

In a lot of developed countries, getting into power is the start of your mandate. In Africa it is the end.

Time to start eating.To hell with the future. Why plant a tree if I can't eat from it, they say.
not the point as i mentioned above.

systemd itself requires root.
For reference, a hybrid fuzzy-SVM has a prediction accuracy rate of 88.26%. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8344688

(This shows why betting on sports is almost impossible to have a long-term edge as it's already a very efficient market and the odds usually reflect the win rate very well.)

As another reference, an earlier predictor that also uses the elo rating system has an accuracy of 65.3% which is very close to the result in this post, and I guess this may be a typical range for elo-based predictors. https://github.com/luke-lite/NBA-Prediction-Modeling

By the way, I really like the interface of this "emailware". It's really fun to play with.
Would market regulators allow a single buyer to acquire all of Intel's fabs in one go?
Trauma's New Look
This conversation is about billionaires, not the top 1%.
Objection: relevance
What's a SWaP concern?
Does this mean that the o1 and o3-mini models are also using 4.1 as the base now?
https://www.thebookseller.com/news/meta-wins-bid-to-prevent-...

It's very sad. She reported to Congress that she faces a $50K per disparagement penalty. Let's say there are 25 disparagements in the book and it sells 100K copies into the Billion+ FB user community. As she pointed out to Congress, a disparagement is a truth. $5B for telling truths from seven or eight years ago.
Capitalism doesn’t tend toward “enough”, it tends towards maximizing profits.

(Saying this without judging it as bad or good, simply how it is)
Australia, Queensland, Brisbane has the highest incidence of skin cancer in World. So Drs and dermatologists would have more experience detecting it here. UV is probably much less intense in England . This link graph shows skin cancer is over 2x in Australia
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1032114/countries-with-t...
Nice,

I've found that using an iterator for this often generates quite a bit of extra code and prevents vectorization in general which is why I switched to an API using inversion of control for the `forEach` case (I don't have iterators).

Working on one item at a time (which the iterator causes) resulted in quite a bit of overhead defeating partially the gains from having a more compact memory layout (SoA) with a more complex code path while preventing use of SIMD over multiple components at a time.

Is this an issue observed in this implementation and what is the general design space that this implementation targets? How it works now is partially how mach had it at least a year or more ago if I remember correctly while they still had an ECS.
Noodles, Traditionally and Today
Do you think AMD's decision to buy Xilinx was any better or not?
it said that organization reported a company for engaging in slave labor, it then took donations from that company while agreeing not to cover LGBT rights in the middle east in return, but when it was caught it agreed to give the donation back

I would hardly describe it as a nothingburger for human rights organization ethics, but that's only me