skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The mock example looked pointless.

IO can’t be unit tested hence why you mock it. But his code didn’t do anything but confirm his mock worked. He’s writing mocks and testing mocks.

The functionality he referenced is just inherently not unit testable. Again, If you try to mock it and test things you end up testing your mocked code. That’s it.

I’ve seen this strange testing philosophy pop up time and time again where test code misses a shit load of errors because it’s just confirming that the mocks work.

For this area you need to move to integration tests if you want to confirm it works. This comes with the pain of rewriting tests should the implementations change but testing just mocks isn’t solving this problem.

Your unit tests only really matter if you’re doing a lot of big algorithm stuff and not much IO. Mocking helps if you have some IO sprinkled into a unit computation. In the example he gave every operation was IO and every operation had to be mocked so wtf was he thinking to want to place that in a unit test?
The big tech boom is winding down?

Just because we ended the era of cheap money to try and stop runaway inflation doesn't mean the tech boom is winding down.

Look at everything that's happening with gene editing, in physics, with the jwst, with LLMs and robotics and computer vision, with alt energy sources, batteries, in material sciences, etc.

I mean this is such a myopic take. We are in just now in an era where people are now capable of finding needles in needlestacks.

You are confusing easily manipulated economic vibes that feel bad right now with the rapid approach of a complete overhaul of the human experience.

The U.S. has basically supported the strip mining of our economy by value sucking predatory investment firms. There is a reason why China have more robotics per capita in their factories than we do and it has to do with a complete failure in strategic thinking, long term planning and ultimately a hatred for our youth.
I don't recall having any problems with the controls. As long as I can invert the y axis, I'm a happy camper.
That is really the big problem with the current policy in the US: it's completely unclear what the policy is and how long it will last. This is not a stable climate for investment. Would you invest in a country where the president plays Russian roulette with the economy?

Most corporations will wait it out. Corporations that have an established interest (like Big Tech) will bribe Trump to get the exemptions they need to continue their business. Everybody else will have to decide how much they will want to depend on such an openly corrupt system. There industries that see no problem in dealing with corrupt regimes.
Westerners have had too good of a life and you cannot compete with an asian who is told every day if he doesn't perform he will be homeless. You just cannot compete.
You may get rid of that, but it's still Amazon. Just recently, they fuzzed all their search results further, so when you search for something, it will give you lots of stuff you didn't search for. Similar to how Facebook Marketplace does.

I think the only way to avoid disappointment is to avoid Amazon altogether. Their customer experience is extremely deceptive and engineered to make you spend the most money. From the featured searches all the way to how it charges you paid shipping instead of free at checkout.

We should all feel burned enough at this point and stop rewarding them. Bezos purchased the Washington Post for all this money, and he won't stop there.
You're trying way too hard, dude - it's been around before 2017.
@agriculture.

Have you ever heard any concrete strategies and plans regarding food security?

Wouldn't there be policies about how many calories should be produced in what form, how long can it be stored, what would a local ramp up look like if there was a global catastrophe?

What percentage of agriculture is really relevant to food security?

Those are just empty words so farmers can get their subsidies and go on to produce more industrial rapeseed oil.
You might want to remove the semi-colon
> I believe the comparison is absolute production, not per person

Original article definitely said "per person".

China allocates much more to industry and/because it allocates much less to personal consumption. Especially things like air conditioning. US per person consumption is still 2x that of EU average.
> The way I would summarize Rust is: it’s a better Go, or a faster Python

That's an interesting take. I feel like all three of these languages fit into pretty discrete lanes that the others don't. Python for quick hacking or scientific stuff, Go for web services and self-contained programs, Rust for portability (specifically sharing code as C ABI or WASM) and safety.

> It’s not hard to learn

I agree Rust is easy to learn. I've done it 4 or 5 times now.
"The for-profit company's bullshit generator promised it helped me with some minor stuff" is perhaps not as compelling evidence as you imagine it to be.
>There are over a billion people in China making stuff.

There surely can't over a billion factory workers in a population of 1.4 billion. I looked up a population pyramid, and let's say 100% of the population aged 15-64 is employed at a factory job, that's ~70% of the population which is only 985 million people.
This seems like the kind of thing where 3d printing is probably good enough quality wise.

Of course, the 3d printers themselves are probably being made in China.
Well, money talks and it's hard to choose the other option. On one hand bring manufacturing back to US and pay them higher, because otherwise the pay in McDonald's is better with a less demanding physical (cmiiw, don't live in US).

On the other hand, keep manufacturing outside of US for cheaper labor to keep price low and having bigger margin. It's an easy choice to make.

And again this is not a US specific problem, it's almost all of countries nowadays have a massive wealth gap that makes people racing to the bottom of living / working standard.
You can't call for murdering people - or you get sent home.

If burning babies alive and gangraping corpses is your "resistance" then maybe you should let the "colonialists" win.
Whoever's doing the "design" on Temu and Ali seems to think all Americans want to feel like they're in Vegas while shopping. It's very obnoxious, to the point that people have created plug-ins to clean things up (e.g. AliTools Shopping Assistant, AliRadar).
"Lies Dolphins Said About Orcas" - the tell-all book about how Orcas went extinct /s
/pol/ and /b/ were containment boards, up until they got so popular that everything else ended up being containment boards.

I still miss hanging out on /v/ and /fa/. When they split /vg/ out into its own board, the colour started to drain from my experience.
Except that masks do statistically work in preventing the spread of contagion.

Even if it's just 10% it's still worth doing.

There are also tons of legit reasons to wear a mask besides being contagious.

Anyone defending a mask ban is doing it to support ideology, not practicality. Just say that instead of using really dumb click bait fox news quips.
well to be fair to parent, the tariffs weren't exactly rolled out in a sane fashion and a lot of credibility was lost along the way, though it certainly was entertaining if you're a sicko like me.
Do you think that global hegemony by force is long-term (centuries) sustainable at all?

What makes you confident that this could ever work on a longer term? The US is only ~5% of people globally, and I would expect any industrial/technological lead to melt over the years unless there is a monumental, continuous difference in spending (like what the US military did since WW2).

But I see no indication that you can keep that situation stable over the long term, and I honestly think that attempts like the current tariff approach don't help one bit in the long run while having massive harmful side effects (price inflation, loss of planning stability/soft power/productivity).
> it feels like once that kind of stuff isn't punished, it starts to snowball a change in the attitudes of the site as a whole.

Considering the site has been around for over 20 years and people still call out and flame racism, I think this is an uncharitable and unfounded cynicism. I'm not sure declarative claims of 3rd order effects in a system so chaotic are capable of being accurate.
do not listen to someone like DHH, who loves to speak at length on topics that he is deeply unfamiliar with.

> Mortality in children, adolescents, and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a nationwide cohort study

>

> ADHD was associated with significantly increased mortality rates. People diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood had a higher MRR than did those diagnosed in childhood and adolescence. Comorbid oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and substance use disorder increased the MRR even further. However, when adjusted for these comorbidities, ADHD remained associated with excess mortality, with higher MRRs in girls and women with ADHD than in boys and men with ADHD. The excess mortality in ADHD was mainly driven by deaths from unnatural causes, especially accidents.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25726514/
I was responding to the statement at the bottom of the article: "however I have struggled to find a website that help me check my implementation as their secret-key representations were not standardized. Thus, I have published my own short demo app to showcase." The Google Authenticator QR codes end up being a fairly standardized secret key representation.
Because native English users don't follow a style book. As much as English teachers in school want pupils to be prescriptivists in academic contexts, native English communication (writing/speaking) is better understood using a descriptivist lens.
Those two are not in conflict. The claim is 20-25% of the population would be better off if they moved to a manufacturing job. The other 75-80% are better off where they are, but making the bottom better makes everyone better.
The 12th annual Yale Environment 360 Film Contest is now accepting entries.
Nice try, but no cognitive dissonance here. My previous comment proved Nazis can also be Zionists, and you would know it if you deigned open the link I joined to it.

I never claimed that Jews are Nazis, in fact, America's Zionists are mostly Christian nationalists, seeking to get rid of Jews on their national territory. And like the German Nazis before them, they find common ground with the Zionist project of moving all Jews to an ad-hoc state in the Middle East.

Unlike them, I do not believe in the "Jewish Question" (prime topic on 4chan btw) and I am perfectly fine with Jews living in my country, sharing my bread, etc.

My condemnation of Isreal only concerns itself with the way Palestinians have been treated since the creation of the state: systematically depossesed of their lands and sometimes outright eliminated. Note that "Jews" (as if they were a singular entity) aren't at the origin of the project. That is to be found in the League of Nations [1].

Please refrain from conflating anti-zionism with anti-semitism in the future, and of labelling everyone you disagree with as suffering from "cognitive dissonance".

[1] https://israelforever.org/state/Mandate_for_Palestine_Jewish...
No, of course not. That's oversimplifying to the point of idiocy.

Markets do not mean that an Industrial strategy / Industrial policy is not needed.

Markets respond to incentives created by such a strategy.
We don't know but we can see that progress has staggered a bit. This also correlates with how we think LLMs work (even their operators don't seem to understand 100%). So my bet would be that we'd rather reach the ceiling.
Factory jobs aren’t high paying and even if you brought all manufacturing home it would barely impact manufacturing employment.

Automation is what took the jobs away.

To fix housing all you need to do is build more homes. America has plenty of land for that.
Doge Is Far Short of Its Goal, and Still Overstating Its Progress
Lol. I used to work at an IIS shop. 100% of engineering thought using it was a bad idea. Any one of us could configure apache correctly in a few minutes, but we ultimately had to hire a full time Microsoft guru to keep IIS (and the rest of the ecosystem that implies) running. He was a pleasure to work with, but it wasn’t clear why his job existed.

Anyway, Web UI != easy to administer.
While simultaneously needing migrant labor with lower minimum wages and labor laws for agricultural workers.
I have a suspicion that the coming tax cuts will be extreme, and the gaps in critical funding will be covered with tariff income. This will essentially make tariffs a cornerstone for government finances.

Political suicide to roll back tax breaks if they are primarily for the <$150k earners, like trump wants.
Security needs taxes which lower profits and salaries (= jobs people want). On top of that, security needs a lot of not-so-profitable capabilities.

High profits and jobs people want also don't exactly go hand-in-hand.
https://archive.ph/lsSoU
No, there's a fundamental limitation of Transformer architecture:

* information from the entire context has to be squeezed into an information channel of a fixed size; the more information you try to squeeze the more noise you get
* selection of what information passes through is done using just dot-product

Training data isn't the problem.

In principle, as you scale transformer you get more heads and more dimensions in each vector, so bandwidth of attention data bus goes up and thus precision of recall goes up too.
It's all just the same crap you'd find sold by a "proper" retailer. Where do you think they get their stuff from?

I'll gladly take the cheaper alternatives instead of being charged 2 or 3 times the amount I'd pay if I import it myself.
That was in a pre-nuclear weapon world.
I think a lot of you guys from the US don't really get how high the taxes are here that pay for this stuff, especially for people that make more than the average.

If you would work non-contract here in Poland for an equivalent of ~$120k you would pay around $1k USD. If your wife is working she will also pay, of course this also covers all you kids.

So lets say both of you make around $120k here - so you would pay $2k monthly for "free" healthcare and its quality is atrocious. Even for serious stuff you many times need to wait 1-2 years for something, all hospitals are understaffed, the care quality is abysmal.

If you are ambitious and make good money the US is better. Europe in general is better for people that don't aim too high and want the state to enforce some minimum of QoL for them at the expense of the rest.
If this were true, we should be seeing a detectable, statistically significant higher rate of cancer in Japan, which has by far the highest rate of CT machines per person. (almost 3× that of the USA, which is still high even among high-income countries)

Considering the health and life expectancy in Japan, I call BS.
No, OP lamented that a "connection interruption" means you miss messages. You were participating in a conversation, but you don't receive the whole conversation because your connection was interrupted. It's much worse on phones, because your connection is interrupted every time you look something up on the web, check the weather, send a message on another app, or anything else.
Show HN: Rocal.dev – Build Web Apps That Work Offline First
Hey HN, I’m building Rocal — a Rust + WASM web framework that helps you build offline-first apps without needing a server at all. Think of it like the backend and frontend merged into one local experience—everything runs in the browser.

Here’s the post that kicked this off: “Ditch the Server: Build Offline-Ready Apps with Local-First Architecture” (https://dev.to/picolt/ditch-the-server-build-offline-ready-a...)

A bit of backstory: I was building a POS (point-of-sale) system for small businesses where internet connection is unreliable. I realized that even basic actions—like adding items to a cart or saving a transaction—depended too much on network requests. That’s when I decided to flip the model and build an architecture that’s local-first by default.

Here’s how it works:

WASM + SQLite in the Browser – The app is compiled to WebAssembly and runs completely client-side, including a local embedded SQLite database. No server round trips needed to store or query data.

No External API Needed – The "backend" logic is written in Rust and compiled to run in the browser. You can think of it as a monolith that's shipped to the client.

Works Offline by Default – Everything from data storage to routing and rendering happens locally. Even if the user loses connection mid-session, the app doesn’t break.

Optional Syncing – If you want cloud sync later (for backup, multi-device, or analytics), that can be layered on top after your core app works offline.

There’s no "server" in the traditional sense. You write your UI, logic, and data models in Rust. The Rocal framework handles rendering, routing, persistence, and local execution via WASM.

I know it sounds wild, but it’s working well for POS systems, form-heavy apps, and other use cases where latency or connectivity is a problem. Think kiosk apps, field tools, or apps meant for remote areas.

Here’s a quick demo and explanation of the architecture (more demos coming soon): https://demo1.rocal.app

Rocal is fully open-source and still in early stages. I’m actively building the CLI, versioning system, and dev workflow to make it easier to ship apps like this. Long-term, I want to make it as simple to build and deploy local-first web apps as it is to spin up a typical full-stack app. GitHub: https://github.com/rocal-dev/rocal

If you’re curious about building apps that feel instant, resilient, and fully private, I’d love your thoughts and feedback.

Thanks!
Those people need to watch a few episodes of Mike Rowe's "Dirty Jobs".
Also people need to stop saying "unskilled labor".
There is no such thing as labor without skills,
outside a category in an archaic way of justifying low wages.

https://www.investopedia.com/terms/u/unskilled-labor.asp
It’s possible he is already dead, as he was basically sent right in to the arms of the gangs he fled from.
Earlier: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43691177

Previously: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43675286
Ask HN: How to acquire professional experience in the age of AI as junior dev?
For quite a while now I read all these disheartening articles about newcomers to programming field feeling completely incompetent for being unable to acquire professional experience.

If it helps to make things a bit more comforting for them, I feel the same and I am a person with some form of experience.

How can anyone acquire professional experience nowadays, even if it means to start from near zero?

Any suggestions or thoughts on this topic?
That's a very good point. We actually just kicked off our own SOC 2 certification process last week—I hadn't updated the website yet, but I'll go ahead and do that now. Thanks for raising this!

Appreciate the feedback around security as well; protecting against supply-chain attacks is definitely top of mind for us as we build this out.
> Life was "easier" for many people.

It's definitely less of a factor compared to money, but I can't help wonder if in addition to being able to afford stuff, it's the idea that there used to be a "default" path that carried some sort of dignity. Dirty jobs have never been outright glamorous, but there's still a kind of respect that American society confers upon "traditional" industrial work - think the classic image of the humble American coal miner, factory worker, or farmer. "It ain't much, but it's honest work." I think the thought is that however you did in school and in the upper-class-employment rat race, anyone could find a stable, respectable, long-term job - probably even get trained on the job - in an industry that really matters, that does useful stuff for the country.

Now? If you fail to jump through all the office-job hoops of picking a fancy field, getting a degree, finding internships, dressing up nice, keeping a clean record, acing job interviews, etc. Or if those fancy jobs just aren't hiring near you. What are the "default" job options most people are left with? Working retail at Walmart? Putting fries in the bag at McDonalds? Janitorial? Driving a truck? Doordashing burritos?

Obviously the main thing the lack of stability and decent pay in these jobs, but when it comes to public perception and fantasizing, like you said, I wonder if a part of it is just that these service sector jobs feel... shittier. Less important for society.
China Pursuing 3 Alleged US Operatives over Cyberattacks During Asian Games
Subsidize the essentials let the free market sort the rest. I think we still want competitive markets within our borders for the stuff we subsidize so we don't get stagnation of the industry. Maybe there are clues how it could be structured like we subsidize farming.
Pgquery was created by the pganalyze team for their own purposes I believe initially for features like index recommendation tooling, but immediately planned as open source. It is indeed a very high quality project with the underlying C implementation having several wrappers that exist for a number of languages[1].

[1] https://github.com/pganalyze/libpg_query/blob/15-latest/READ...
python3 -m http.server 8000
I can't see how can add industry be resilient to recession. Maybe if you switch to selling ads for government propaganda?
You are correct - and I was wrong - that it wasn't a no-knock raid. Malinowski's widow said they heard the knocking but no announcements that they were law enforcement. 28 seconds later their door was knocked in with a battering ram. That anyone announced they were law enforcement is disputed; we'd know what really happened but for want of a single body cam (which IMO makes it much more likely there was no announcement whatsoever).

> Search warrants almost always begin at 6am - and when weapons are involved, they almost always execute them soon after.

I'm not making any comment on whether or not this itself is standard practice, but it seems pretty obvious to me that if this raid was conducted 4 hours later Malinowski would be alive today.
It certainly was. You think nuclear weapons are less or more likely to have countries not exist anymore? If you believe MAD works, then countries can easily not exist the conventional warfare way. If you think MAD won't work, countries can easily not exist the nuclear war way. The only difference is speed.
Server management has gotten vastly easier over time as well, especially if you're just looking to host stuff "for fun."

Even without fancy orchestration tools, it's very easy to put together a few containers on your dev machine (something like Caddy for easy TLS and routing + hand rolled images for your projects) and just shotgun them onto the cheapest server you can find. At that point the host is just a bootloader for Podman and can be made maximally idiot-proof (see Fedora CoreOS.)
To play devil's advocate, I wonder how well they handle more annoying things.

When a CMOS switches, it essentially creates a very brief short circuit between VCC and GND. That's part of normal dynamic power consumption, it's expected and entirely accounted for.

But I don't know how these cloud FPGAs could enforce that you don't violate setup and hold times all over the place. When you screw up your crossings and accidentally have a little bit of metastability, that CMOS will switch back and forth a little bit, burn some power, and settle one way or the other.

Now if you intentionally go out of your way to keep one cell metastable as long as possible while the neighbors are cold, that's going to be one hell of a localized hotspot. I wouldn't be surprised if thermal protection can't kick in fast enough.

It's just kibitzing though, I'm not particularly inclined to try with my own hardware
Here is Doom in TypeScript types:
https://www.tomshardware.com/video-games/porting-doom-to-typ...

A fun read / Video...