skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I learned this from an ansible molecule test env setup script for use in containers and VMs years ago; because `which` isn't necessarily installed in containers for example:

type -p apt && (set -x; apt install -y debsums; debsums | grep -v 'OK$') || \
type -p rpm && rpm -Va # --verify --all

dnf reads .repo files from /etc/yum.repos.d/ [1] which have various gpg options; here's an /etc/yum.repos.d/fedora-updates.repo:

[updates]
name=Fedora $releasever - $basearch - Updates
#baseurl=http://download.example/pub/fedora/linux/updates/$releasever/Everything/$basearch/
metalink=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=updates-released-f$releasever&arch=$basearch
enabled=1
countme=1
repo_gpgcheck=0
type=rpm
gpgcheck=1
metadata_expire=6h
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-$releasever-$basearch
skip_if_unavailable=False

From the dnf conf docs [1], there are actually even more per-repo gpg options:

gpgkey
gpgkey_dns_verification

repo_gpgcheck
localpkg_gpgcheck
gpgcheck

1. https://dnf.readthedocs.io/en/latest/conf_ref.html#repo-opti...

2. https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/collections/ansible/... lists a gpgcakey parameter for the ansible.builtin.yum_repository module

For Debian, Ubuntu, Raspberry Pi OS and other dpkg .deb and apt distros:

man sources.list
man sources.list | grep -i keyring -C 10
# trusted:
# signed-by:
# /etc/apt/ trusted.gpg.d/
man apt-secure
man apt-key
apt-key help
less "$(type -p apt-key)"

signing-apt-repo-faq:
https://github.com/crystall1nedev/signing-apt-repo-faq

From "New requirements for APT repository signing in 24.04" (2024)
https://discourse.ubuntu.com/t/new-requirements-for-apt-repo... :

> In Ubuntu 24.04, APT will require repositories to be signed using one of the following public key algorithms: [ RSA with at least 2048-bit keys, Ed25519, Ed448 ]

> This has been made possible thanks to recent work in GnuPG 2.4 82 by Werner Koch to allow us to specify a “public key algorithm assertion” in APT when calling the gpgv tool for verifying repositories.
>As someone who lived through those days, that is just straight up not true.

As someone else who lived through those days, you're either misremembering or lying to yourself. As an end user, chrome was just better by any metric end users cared about. The fact that you're mentioning a bunch of stuff unrelated to things that end users care about leads me to believe that you aren't able to think objectively about that.
I think this meets the definition of one type of constitutional crisis, i.e. "...a fight among branches of government in which neither side backs down, and there is no clear resolution within the constitutional system."

https://www.law.uchicago.edu/news/ginsburg-and-huq-how-defin...

The above is a "simple language" style definition. I am not a constitutional scholar but it seems a straightforward and useful one. There are many other such definitions on the 'net but most have similar elements.

To me we seem to have a clear fight among the executive and judicial branches, and the executive branch is doing everything in its power to ignore a Supreme Court ruling and the order of a lower court Federal judge.

For those who would argue that the US is NOT in constitutional crisis, I'm curious to hear your reasoning.
Yawn. I'll keep using XML. While many waste their youth pointlessly reinventing XSDs in YAML/JSON/TOML/JSON5/HJSON, I'll still be here. Living. Content.
For some cases maybe that makes sense, but in a very large percentage it does not. As example, what if I want to build and use/deploy a Python app that needs the latest NumPy, and the system package manager doesn’t have it. It would be hard to justify for me to figure out and build a distro specific package for this rather than just using the Python package on PyPI.
There is a draft spec over it, Ill find it later, but they do hardcode it now and never touch dns.
If 99% of the packages in your repos are bit-for-bit reproducible, you can consider your distro to have a high degree of reproducibility.
More like 5000 or 6000 years ago at least for permanent writing I'd say? I definitely read about cuneiform tablets and cylinders from 3500BCE.

Before that might have been on wood so we don't know much about it.
The article didn't say that.

> The PS3 failed developers because it was an excessively heterogenous computer

Most here are probably too young to realize the PS3 was supposed to be a flagship consumer device to show off the Cell processor and Sony was pushing hard for the Cell arch to be everywhere, media devices, general purpose computers, next gen supercomputers

It died hard when people realized how difficult it was to program for, and I dont think anything else other than the PS3 ever bothered seriously trying again with that arch.
Many of the administrative actions, through the purging of 200k employees, are preventing activities that are required to be done by law from being done.

I agree it’s unreasonable that you’re being downvoted. I disagree strongly with your position, but you’re expressing it in a completely appropriate manner.
You know they do.
> very well compensated

You'd have to be a GS-14 [0] to be north of $150k base salary.

That's tech team manager / senior manager, with a post-graduate degree, and 7+ years of experience in the field.

[0] https://www.opm.gov/policy-data-oversight/pay-leave/salaries...

> and the working conditions are usually great

Really? Because private sector seems a lot more stable these days.
"In 1998 Ericsson decided to ban all use of Erlang. The people responsible for developing it argued that if they were going to ban it, then they might as well open source it. Which Ericsson did and shortly after most of the team that created Erlang quit and started their own company."

Bwahahaha. Reminds me of the JRuby team, who left Sun as a single unit and resumed work as a team at another company (I can't remember where) when Oracle acquired Sun.
In Standard ML, you can do either 1+2 or op+(1, 2).
This doesn't really mesh with SaaS economics, or in this case how Netflix spends billions on producing their own content. A set of subscribers that don't use the service is locally maximized but has a lower lifetime total value. It is much easier to model & optimize your LTV with given costs (ex: assume the user watches 24/7) and then figure out "how do I make a user watch Netflix 24 hours a day?" than it is to solve "how do I grow my constantly churning user base?". Keeping customers is much less expensive than winning new ones.
Accelerating LLM Inference with Parallel Draft Models (PARD)
"Ignore the courts" has been a stated goal of theirs from the beginning. This will keep happening. The Trump admin will not comply with court orders. They want to challenge them to try to enforce things (which they will not be able to do).
This might be the only smart "waste cutting" that the government has done so far.

Ideally, there would be a Digital Services government department, staffed with properly compensated people (to attract good quality talent) that the other government agencies would "contract" to build their services, rather than paying through the nose to Deloitte (who then offshores most of the work anyway). Then maintaining the services could be done by the contracting gov agency once completed (with support from DSA).

Oh wait, we had a Digital Services, the USDS, and they built some pretty good stuff too. Could have been a model for other work. Except that they just got gutted and taken over by DOGE goons. Wonderful.
Show HN: I made a Vercel alternative with WebSocket support
Hi there, my name is Raees. Tilda is my venture to build a Vercel alternative with a focus on open web standards.

I have been working in the PaaS space for the last 7 or so years with experience at Netlify and Edgio as engineer and product manager. I decided to build Tilda after Edgio shutdown their PaaS product and pivoted into web security space.

Tilda supports Next.js deployments with (almost) all features working exactly as they do on Vercel with zero code-changes to your project. There's also built-in support to deploy Svelte, Astro, and other frameworks but you're not limited to our officially supported frameworks, any Node.js HTTP server can be deployed to Tilda.

Unlike Vercel, our CoreCache (used for Next.js ISR) can be used with any framework. The same goes for HTTP streaming, image optimization, and CDN caching features like cache tags. And we've recently added support WebSocket protocol to allow for building realtime chat apps.

We want to build Tilda as a viable fullstack app deployment platform. We're a small team of 5 people,. And we'd love to get feedback on direction and positioning. What will convince you to switch to Tilda?
Thank you!
> There is so much fake, useless research produced with NIH dollars.

You're going to need more that 2 examples (one of which has nothing to do with NIH) to substantiate this claim.

Have you been to the doctor recently? One of your loved ones?

See if you can find something important to your family in this chart: https://report.nih.gov/funding/categorical-spending#/

Take a look at what was funded recently.

Putting aside how you or your family has personally benefited from items on the list, please point out the "fake, useless research".
This is the correct mental model. Minor COGS increase < Churn.
I agree. It's sad that the only languages that exist are the bad ones.
It’s clear from one of the opening statements that the author considered it a failure for developers, not in the absolute sense you are pointing to. It’s not that far into the article.

> The PS3 failed developers because it was an excessively heterogenous computer; and low level heterogeneous compute resists composability.
There have been enough declassified "close call" stories that I don't think "we haven't had nuclear war yet" doesn't carry much water for me. Kind of like "I have never died", which is technically true but I have lots of info that makes me think extrapolating my past doesn't mean I'll never die in the future.
> 256 MB was dedicated to graphics and only had REDACTED Mb/s access from the CPU

I wonder what the REDACTED piece means here, aren't the PS3 hardware specifications pretty open? Per Copetti, the RSX memory had a theoretical bandwidth of 20.8 GB/s, though that doesn't indicate how fast the CPU can access it.
OP is talking about developer experience. From right after the image:

> The PS3 failed developers because it was an excessively heterogenous computer; [...]
to be a bit more precise, everytime you have a name in common lisp that is already a symbol. But it will get evaluated. If its as the first item of an evaluated list it will be looked at in the function name space, if elsewhere it will be looked up at the variable name space. What quote is doing is just asking the compiler not to evaluate it and treat it as data.
Sales wasn't what the article was referring to if you take the context of literally the very first sentence of the article
I just hate so so so much the Netflix of nowadays, they manage to keep me because of a few good movies/series and releasing new seasons of shows that I watched previously.

But otherwise, this interface is so much bat shit! Incredible to me that anyone can pretend to Product manager of something so badly designed and unergonomic.

The most important thing is "continue watching", that should be almost the first line, but no it is randomly spread at different levels. Some times you can't even find it, sometimes it lacks the movie that you were just watching and that reappears later.

It is very hard to find something to watch because they still show you the hundred of things that you saw already, or that old crappy movie that anyone saw ten times on tv, or things that you are not interested anyway.

And there is absolutely no way to filter to not be a frustrating experience.

In addition you have the asshole dark patterns like showing multiple times the same movie/series in a given category when you scroll.

My hypothesis is that they used to have a lot of great content, so that was their strength, and no they have very little valuable and recent content and as they don't want to be upfront about that, they use a lot of dark patterns to confuse you to still give the impression that they have an impressive catalog.

But that has the consequence of the user being frustrated, impossible to find something proper to watch, but still having to spend hours browsing in the app as you might think that the good thing exist but it is just you that can't find it.
I know about the advantages and uniqueness properties of triangles. However, if the article is correct about that artists prefer using quads when editing (I know absolutely nothing about 3D editing, and didn't know that, I thought triangles are universal these days), something is clearly missing from the pipeline if a neatly mapping textures to quads, then converted to triangles ends up messing the interpolation.

Maybe we can continue to describe the geometry in triangles, but could use an additional "virtual fourth handle point" data (maybe expressed in barycentric coords of the other three, so everything is automatically planar) for stretching the interpolation in the expected way.

Anyway, I'm just getting started with Metal, and this provided for a nice theme for experimentation.
I like that you are trying to influence the world into a shape you think is better and more just.
Is there a good example repository to see how it's done?
> SpacetimeDB fits into a genre of tech that I want to call "universe brain reorgs" - structural re-arrangements that might unlock wild performance increases. The challenge with these is that they require devs to re-align their thinking and it's hard to disentangle if "the problem" is that the technology isn't being fully embraced or if the promises of the tech don't work for your use case.

And this is exactly why as a professional multiplayer game developer I'm quite concerned about SpacetimeDB.

If you're a game developer and choose to use it, you must accept that you will completely structurally re-arrange your game server, and gameplay and simulation code in such a way that you'll conform to a database structure and programming model developed by some people who are currently making their first game.

I'd be surprised if any professional game developers would consider this a good idea. The last time somebody suggested such a significant refactor for game servers, was when the two cofounders of Improbable walked into our office at Respawn, shortly after we shipped Titanfall 1, and told us they wanted the complete source code for Titanfall 1, and they would show us how awesome Improbable is, by porting the entire Titanfall codebase to Improbable in just a few months!

They ended up getting the source code, despite all programmers and the technical director advising the COO against it... and we never heard from them again.
I think this also was in small part due to them (Rob Pike perhaps? Or Brad) live-streaming them creating an http server back in the early days and it was good tutorial fodder.
I remember trying to learn Cell programming in 2006 using IBM’s own SDK (possibly different and less polished compared to whatever Sony shipped to licensed PS3 developers).

I had already spent a few years writing fragment shaders, OpenGL, and CPU vector extension code for 2D graphics acceleration, so I thought I’d have a pretty good handle on how to approach this new model of parallel programming. But trying to do anything with the SDK was just a pain. There were separate incompatible gcc toolchains for the different cores, separate vector extensions, a myriad of programming models with no clear guidance on anything… And the non-gcc tools were some hideous pile of Tcl/TK GUI scripts with a hundred buttons on the screen.

It really made me appreciate how good I’d had it with Xcode and Visual Studio. I gave up on Cell after a day.
>The article didn't say that.

Yes it did, fairly near the top.

>>It is important to understand why the PS3 failed.

This article is a bunch of nonsense.
If this passes, it's the end of competitive astrophysics in the US. No exaggeration.
Spotify is doing this as well. If they can "downgrade" users from paid all-you-can-eat plans to cheaper plans that also serve ads they're overall way more lucrative.
> I am not one to quote Smedley.

Then why are you arguing with me? I was pointing out the contradiction of people who do that. I feel like you think I'm saying the US shouldn't support Ukraine. I'm all on board with the US supporting Ukraine. I'm saying the US needs a powerful military if you want it to support Ukraine, which is at odds with people who are fully behind the quotes that come from Butler and Eisenhower's farewell address.

> I am saying that support for Ukraine is pretty different from the kinds of behaviors that make people say "the USA shouldn't be the world police!"

And yet, to even consider helping Ukraine in any meaningful way, the US needs an extremely strong, modern military.
I'd say this is less to do specifically with BlueSky and more to do with posting tone-deaf marketing spiel.
>> The data show that Meta has complied with 94% of takedown requests issued by Israel since October 7, 2023.

Nice to see Zuckerberg taking free speech as seriously as he claims.
To save time I'm going to just link the other comment thread because its boring arguing against bad reading comprehension

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43656279#43656640
Symbols are quoted representations of identifiers so it still does the same thing.
From a practical standpoint it's hard to be sure if you joined a company that you would have the power to do that thing.
Disappointed you went with ellipses above when you could have emdashed!
Why did the U.S. “pause all production”?
Sony was funny in this way.

PS1: Easy to develop for and max out.
PS2: Hard to develop for and hard to max out.
PS3: Even harder than PS2.
PS4: Back to easier.
PS5: Just more PS4.
PS5 PRO: Just more PS5.
The law is still the law regardless of the congress’s desire or ability to execute change. A change in the majority doesn’t require a proactive affirmation.

With respect to the British Empire, you may want to review the concept of “no taxation without representation”.
I think context matters as well. In your final example of death for shoplifting we would have less shoplifting, all other things being equal. We might also have other unexpected consequences like more embezzlement or more knock offs or more people selling things that "fell off the truck".

Additionally, even if I know you'll kill me if you catch me, I'll still try to steal food if my family is starving and there is no way for me to earn it.
You also create a selection bias for people who are bad at what they do and can’t get a better paying job.
Great job! But what really caught my attention was that map — the 3D structures are perfect, and I was able to see my own building. Does anyone know which one it is?
If this keeps up, there's going to be nothing left in D.C. but insider-trading and the worlds most expensive military.
>> but everyone watches the new HBO shows because they are big budget and look really appealing.

This doesn't feel as true anymore. There's still the odd HBO blockbuster but they're producing a lot more garbage as they search for the next hit. And they're not immune to the Marvel approach of strip mining a profitable franchise well past there being any gold left.
If you have GPT pro or know someone try it out .. create a logo with it then ask it to create a website around your chosen logo and then ask it to code the front-end. Im sure it can do the back-end code too. The logos and the web design it creates around the chosen logo look amazing .. extremely pro level. I'm not sure how you or anyone would be able to decipher if a website and or brand used chatGPT (pro). I'm betting no one would be able to tell just that it looks really good to great and professional!

Personally it's a wake up call for my skill-sets of over 15 years and that increasing my skillsets to 2025 modern day skill sets is best thing for me and any in my field!
Trump is President, not king or Caesar.
From https://www.democracydocket.com/opinion/if-the-marshals-go-r...:

“As Berkeley Law School Dean Erwin Chemerinsky argues, ‘the hard truth for those looking to the courts to rein in the Trump administration is that the Constitution gives judges no power to compel compliance with their rulings — it is the executive branch that ultimately enforces judicial orders.’”

This strikes me as a pretty serious omission in our Constitution. Did the Framers not consider the threat of a runaway executive? Or maybe the relative size of the government in those days made it seem like much less of a threat than it is today?
Except vibe coding doesn’t work for non-programmers except in the hype propaganda. In reality these tools are only powerful in the hands of real programmers who are able to understand what is being produced and can adapt and maintain it.
Show HN: Lunon – Instant model switching across LLMs
Hey HN! We built Lunon to make LLM development way less of a headache. Ever wanted to see how different models handle the same prompt without all the setup hassle? That's what we fixed.

Our API lets you compare Claude, GPT, Mistral and others in real-time with just a few lines of code. No more complex infrastructure or managing multiple API connections - we handle all that boring stuff behind the scenes.

Plus, you can cut costs by intelligently routing requests to the right model for each task. Use the powerful (expensive) models only when you really need them.

If you're building with LLMs and tired of the integration headaches, would love to hear feedback!
I'm not arguing against a re-submission check. You'll need that anyway to prevent attackers from bypassing the browser and messing up your data.

But even with a nonce and a re-submission check, the cache headers are essential to make sure that when the user presses the back button, they'll see a greyed-out submit button. If the browser does not reload that page, the button will still be clickable. It won't work correctly because the re-submission check will fail, but a clickable and guaranteed non-functional button is very bad UI.

The latter is one of the main reasons that we have so much JS/SPAs. Sure, you can build an application without it that is somewhat functional, but the UI will be low-quality -- even if this particular example might be fixable with cacheability headers.
I think this goes in line with companies as a whole as well. I work at a place where features are pushed at a very very high speed and we have realized that the tradeoff is us missing pretty crucial edge cases in our development. Now i’m not sure if people have worked in a place where they shipped products fast but were able to minimize bugs but i’d love to hear how your company achieved that. Is it even possible? Does it all come down to hiring to suit your fast paced needs?
There was the original Netflix-produced hit, House of Cards. Making a Murderer was also huge (although I didn't watch it). And then Tiger King blew up during the pandemic (although again, I never saw it myself).

I think the Jeffrey Dahmer one was also big, because there have been so many stupid memes about him since then, from people who weren't around to hear about him on the news.
I can't get Apple to confirm the next version of iOS is indeed going to be numbered 19, let alone whether they'll confirm they'll move the production operation to the US
Yeah, probably. What impresses me the most is the resilience — there’s been downtime only a handful of times.