skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It's hard to find places where FPGAs really win. For relatively simple tasks FPGA can beat just about anything in latency. For instance for the serialization/deserialization end of a high frequency trading system. If a problem has a large working set and needs to store data in DRAM it needs a memory controller the same way a CPU or GPU has a memory controller and this can only be efficient if the system's memory access pattern is predictable.

You can certainly pencil out FPGA or ASIC systems that which would attain high levels of efficient parallelism if there wasn't memory bandwidth or latency limits but there are. If you want to do math that GPUs are good at, you use GPUs. Historically some FPGAs have let you allocate bits in smaller slices so if you only need 6 bit math you can have 6 bit math but GPUs are muscling in on that for AI applications.

FPGAs really are good at bitwise operations used in cryptography. They beat CPUs at code cracking and bitcoin mining but in turn they get beat by ASICs. However there is some number of units (say N=10,000) where the economics of the ASIC plus the higher performance will drive you to ASIC -- for Bitcoin mining or for the NSA's codebreaking cluster. You might prototype this system on an FPGA before you get masks made for an ASIC though.

For something like the F-35 where you have N=1000 or so, could care less about costs, and might need to reconfigure it for tomorrow's threats, the FPGA looks good.

One strange low N case is that of display controllers for retrocomputers. Like it or not a display controller has one heck of a parts count to make out of discrete parts and ASIC display controllers were key to the third generation of home computers which were made with N=100,000 or so. Things like

https://www.commanderx16.com/

and are already expensive compared to the Raspberry Pi so they tend to use either a microcontroller or FPGA, the microcontroller tends to win because an ESP32 which costs a few buck is, amazingly, fast enough to drive a A/D converter at VGA rates or push enough bits for HDMI!
An LSD Analogue with Potential for Treating Schizophrenia
From the article:

JRT promoted neuroplasticity, or growth between cellular connections in the brain, leading to a 46% increase in dendritic spine density and an 18% increase in synapse density in the prefrontal cortex.

JRT did not produce hallucinogenic-like behaviors that are typically seen when mice are dosed with LSD.
JRT did not promote gene expression associated with schizophrenia. Such gene expression is typically amplified with LSD use.

JRT produced robust anti-depressant effects, with it being around 100-fold more potent than ketamine, the state-of-the-art fast-acting anti-depressant.

JRT promoted cognitive flexibility, successfully addressing deficits in reversal learning that are associated with schizophrenia.
"Double taxation" is absolutely constitutional. Tons of things are double, triple, quadruple and more taxed.

I make a W2 salary. I pay federal income taxes on it. I pay FICA taxes on it. My employer pays payroll taxes on it. I might pay state income taxes on it. One event, tons of taxes. I take that quadruple taxed money and buy a dinner with a beer. Sales taxes on the overall sale, additional taxes on the alcohol, additional sales tax riders because I bought it in the touristy night life area. Triple taxes on my quadruple taxes, good lord! Unconstitutional!

Worthless phrase, "double taxation".

> That does not prohibit the Federal Gov from taxing once, and your residential state from taxing you a second time.

Once again, the several different taxes applied to my salary income. Then on that I go buy a gallon of gasoline, uh oh, federal gas taxes on that. Or I buy a plane ticket and that gets Federal Excise Tax (7.5% of the base fare), the Federal Segment Fee (currently $5.20 per segment), the TSA Security Fee ($5.60 per passenger), and more. Oof, "double taxation"! Even at the federal level!
Cool globe graphic on that site :)
How were you planning to run podman compose without an init process running as root?
Duolingo is at best a fancy substitute for flashcards.
It really fails at language acquisition, but might help a little in word memory.
The administration is saying “hire and promote faculty and admit students based on scholarly merit, not ideology and activism”. Universities are saying “no, we want to keep doing the ideology stuff”. That is anti-intellectual.
Haven't worked with it, but based on initial look it's a quite different thing that stands closer to a frame-based profiler like Tracy (https://github.com/wolfpld/tracy).

As far as differences go:

Microprofile:

- frame-based
- needs a build system
- memory usage starts at 2 MB per thread
- runs 2 threads of its own
- provides system-specific info
- good support for GPU workloads
- provides live view
- seems like a good choice for gamedev / rendering

utl::profiler:

- no specific pipeline
- single include
- memory usage starts at approx. nothing and would likely stay in kilobytes
- doesn't run any additional threads
- fully portable, nothing platform specific whatsoever, just standard C++
- doesn't provide system-specific info, just pure timings
- seems like a good choice for small projects or embedded (since the only thing it needs is a C++ compiler)
sometimes it feels like openai keeps serving the same base dish—just adding new toppings. sure, the menu keeps changing, but it all kinda tastes the same. now the menu is getting too big.

nice to see that we aren't stuck in october of 2023 anymore!
Like it or not, that kind of statement plays right into Trump's playbook.

I also simply don't believe it. Because by that logic any AI topic as of late should be flagged as well. People just want to enjoy their circus even as the bombs outside go off.
Meanwhile PC gamers have no trouble using their AMD GPUs to play Windows games on Linux.
too little too late for Forever 21 and it's 350 locations which once employed 43,000 people at it's peak: https://www.cnbc.com/2025/03/17/forever-21-files-for-second-...

The temu/shein loophole should been closed ages ago.
Why? We need to better quantify the damages, I suppose, to balance the risks and rewards. Like, my data was probably leaked here. If I didn’t peruse HN, that would probably never affect me.
Ask HN: How does the iOS Lyft app detect that I landed at the airport?
I have location services turned off while I’m not using the app and background app refresh turned off in iOS, but somehow Lyft still knows I’m at the airport and serves me a push notification ad.

I want to turn this off but I can’t think of how this is happening in the first place.
Stanford for example.
There are a lot more taxes than the federal income tax. It happens to be one of the most progressive taxes. Anyone focusing on that and ignoring all the others is trying to scam you.
So if they're earning 50x as much, why are they only paying 3-4x the tax?
I predict a surge of alumni donations in the weeks and months to come, not just at Harvard but also at other institutions that are showing their willingness to stand up against the creeping fascism of the current administration.

I think people who value education, academic freedom, and understand the economic and societal role that universities play, were hoping to see one or more of the major institutions stand up for these principles.
Has everyone already forgotten about Optane, too?
It’s IRS data. You can download it from the IRS website and replicate the analysis and prove them wrong if you’d like.
Dont even need to read to know it isn't by sending dissidents to concentration camps.
Exactly this. Is what I meant by them working with you. They aren't playing some devilish game of trying to trick you into paying more. They tell you why they say you owe something and what it would take to get them to change that. And are fine if you need time to find it.

If you are actively trying to avoid the calls, I'm sure that is probably not a good idea. But, that is basically in the "actively trying to commit fraud" territory, at that point. No?
Also less affordable electronics
The biggest one is probably that podman runs as a user and doesn't need suid normally. So you can run services and have more assurances that container breaches won't give someone root on your system.
What is the right percentage for the 1% to pay? State a percent.

I keep here this “the rich should pay more”, but rarely do I hear a number.
> When you're an engineer at the tier of these AI researchers, winning an extra 100k/year on top of you current 500k (numbers out of my ass) is not worth it vs getting name recognition. Being known as one of the authors that made the transformer for example will enable you work with other bright minded individuals and create even better things.

Also, instead of an extra 100k a year, you get to raise a billion dollars in VC funds for your next company
There weren’t only 3 social networks and they are not impossible to replicate (like cellular networks with limited spectrum).
Did you time travel from 2015 or something? Haven't heard of anyone having AMD issues in a very long time...
Neither is said sporting event
This may be related to Google's business model. Google's main businesses - search engine and advertising - both rely on an open web ecosystem. Therefore, Google has long maintained a friendly attitude toward open source and the open web, such as with Chromium, Noto fonts, Go, Flutter, and others. By providing infrastructure tools that benefit the open web, Google extends the reach of its searchable content and advertising. When the entire Web ecosystem benefits, Google ultimately benefits as well. This model also aligns with the philosophy of the open source community, where everyone is a beneficiary and naturally becomes a contributor.
When I first heard the clinical idiom "When you hear hoof-beats, think horses not zebras" I thought it was a precautionary saying about the bias toward assuming the familiar. But it's meant to be instructive!
> El Salvador has 1 in 60 people in jail, up there with the worst of Stalinist Russian.

and the president has a 91 approval rate, consistent with what you'd expect when you go from the murder capital of the world to the safest country in central america
Where’s the title from?
Is it not at the very least false advertising?
No javascript here though
Hedgehog AI – an elixir startup with a 90s style AI search product
> Is there even a way to tell Vercel: "I only want to spend $10 a month max on this project, CUT ME OFF if I go past it."?

Yes actually, there's a lot to complain about with Vercel but to their credit they do offer both soft and hard spending limits, unlike most other newfangled clouds.

OTOH god help you if you're on Netlify, there you're looking at $0.55/GB with unbounded billing...
The Utopian, or Dystopian, Future of Vibe Coding
Could someone please put out warrants for the arrest of the Hertz executives for theft? Just like they did to customers who returned their cars but got arrested anyway.
Yes. Something is more than nothing. This is not rocket science.

I really want to insist on the principle that we are nuanced enough people to say, "startup equity is worth less, in expected value, than public company equity, but 'less than public company equity' is still more than zero."
The article says "opt-in" many times, but my experience as an Apple user, with many devices, is that Apple automatically opts you into analytics, and you have to opt out.
I also like Perplexity’s 3/day limit! If I use them up (which I almost never do) I can just refresh the next day
La ciudad y los perros sure is a great, if messed up, book.
My favorite parts of the Silmarillion were the ones where I learned the back story of the world: the Valaquenta, the Ainulindalë, and Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age. I don't have my copy here, but if I recall correctly that last section starts with Of old there was Sauron the Maia.... That's the stuff I wanted to know.
Will Trump use any of his power to get a higher tax level out of them? I expect not but it would look good to his supporters, and getting a few billions here and there would do good for the debt.
Did I say anything about people complaining about Google? I think you misread or misinterpreted what I wrote.
I got the reference and appreciate it. What a fantastic set of books.
It is pretty crazy how worker unfriendly US trade policy has been for so long.
Seems at odds with their repo's MIT license, which explicitly allows it to be sold.

https://github.com/TombEngine/TombEngine/blob/master/LICENSE
There is also an argument that we should have fewer electronics too…
After your 14th free credit monitoring service, you should be able to trade them all in for a free sandwich or something valuable. Starbucks could clean up by offering free coffee with proof of your next data breach!
> Thus, you need to call accept() repeatedly to drain the backlog before returning to listening for signals.

It's not just accept. If your socket is non-blocking the same applies to read, write, and everything else. You keep syscalling until it returns EAGAIN.

> I described the general idea to Grok and it produced a beautiful implementation of this in Rust using the tokio "crate". The result had the same bug that the C++ code had, because it made the understandable assumption my younger self made that 1 SIGIO = 1 connection, but that is wrong.

I don't know what your general idea was but tokio uses epoll under the hood (correctly), so what you are describing could only have happened if you specifically instructed grok to use SIGIO.

> Finally, it is far more natural for C developers and C++ developers to use a binary format over network sockets (like I did) than HTTP.

Designing a custom protocol is way more work than just using HTTP. <insert reasons why http + json is so popular (everyone is familiar with it blah blah blah)>.
It's trendy to say "it's horrible to use AI for this" without giving specific reasons. Some reasons it could be good to use AI here:

- this can prioritize urgent patients for the severely overworked doctors

- medical error is a leading cause of death, this serves as a second-opinion (97% true-positive rate and 79% true-negative rate)

- it can be used as evidence by a nurse or physician advocating for a patient's treatment
North Korea orchestrated the biggest cyber heist in history
The only thing that would make that even more perfect would be if there was some way for the site owner to signal to prospective bots which parts of the site are open to the bots to visit. I know this seems really complicated, but I really think it could be expressed in a simple text file.
Standard deduction is great but this is the first year I had enough cash to bother parking it in a Money Market Fund instead of my bank's savings account and whew boy does that have an irritating tax process.
Even more important in creating a more closed loop system with less waste. Some Android phones are e-waste before they hit a year or two.
It is very interesting how if there was a genuine attempt at degrowth this is potentially a good start.
GPGPUs ended up becoming the AI/cloud accelerators that FPGAs promised to be back when Intel bought Altera.

FPGAs are not ideal for raw parallel number crunching like in AI/LLMs. They are more appropriate for predictable real-time/ultra-low-latency parallel things like the the modulation and demodulation of signals in 5G base state stations.
> The temu/shein loophole should been closed ages ago.

Or the US should figure out how to get domestic shipping rates to be as cheap as the rates that Chinese shippers pay to ship to the US.
Probably the several paragraphs of the article detailing conceptual links from Battleship to D&D:

> When Ken St. Andre struggled, in the introduction to Tunnels & Trolls (1975), to explain the secret maps of Dungeons & Dragons, he could only say, "The game is played something like Battleship. The individual players cannot see the board."

> Battleship was originally a pencil-and-paper game, which traded in the early twentieth century under names like Salvo (1931).

> Bob Mulligan had transposed Salvo into a broader naval campaign games of shipyards, factories, convoys, blockades, and fleet actions, and the basic idea behind it would inspire many such variants. We should understand Salvo as a foundational game in the development of hidden movement systems that tracked activity "off board,"
I was also impressed by Tolkien's creation myth. I'm not really familiar with the various religions or mythologies, whether invented by a single author or developed over time by pre-scientific societies, but his is the only one I know of where the creation was based on music.
Yeah I personally wondered if AMD was just copying Intel, because apparently every CPU manufacturer also needs to manufacture FPGAs, or they actually have a long term strategy where it is essential for both the FPGA and CPU departments to cooperate.

I think Xilinx did a fine job with their AI Engines and AMD decided to integrate a machine learning focused variant on their laptops as a result. The design of the intel NPU is nowhere near as good as AMD's. I have to say that AMD is not a software company though and while the hardware is interesting, their software support is nonexistent.

Also, if you're worried about FPGAs that doesn't really make much sense, since Effinix is killing it.
Accept: and rel="alternate" were literally made for this
Not tharkun__:

AMD basically stopped supporting (including updating drivers) for GPUs before RDNA (in particular GCN), while such GPUs were still part of AMD's Zen 3 APU offerings.
> Standardized test reliably predict academic success. IQ tests similarly.

So do home addresses. And skin colour. And parent's money. There are issues with all of those for different reasons. People saying IQ is problematic don't mean there's no correlation at all. Just that they can be culture / approach / etc. specific and we shouldn't treat them as an objective measure.
Sounds like your startup equity has been worth about $3000-$5000 per year?
But you're also using "social media" a shorthand for "algorithmic-based attention-maximizing recommendation machine". That's the current implementation of the bigger and most impactful social networks.

Networks that don't work with that model, tend to be much more wholesome. And they work.
(I work at Vercel) While it's good our spend limits worked, it clearly was not obvious how to block or challenge AI crawlers¹ from our firewall (which it seems you manually found). We'll surface this better in the UI, and also have more bot protection features coming soon. Also glad our improved image optimization pricing² would have helped. Open to other feedback as well, thanks for sharing.

¹: https://vercel.com/templates/vercel-firewall/block-ai-bots-f...

²: https://vercel.com/changelog/faster-transformations-and-redu...
A practical guide to coding securely with LLMs
As someone who maintains a Music+Podcast app as a hobby project, I intentionally have no servers for it.

You don't need one.
You can fetch RSS feeds directly on mobile devices; it is faster, less work to maintain, and has a smaller attach surface for rouge bots.
> Is there even a way to tell Vercel: "I only want to spend $10 a month max on this project, CUT ME OFF if I go past it."? This is crazy.

(I work at Vercel). Yes, there are soft and hard spend limits. OP was using this feature, it's called "spend management": https://vercel.com/docs/spend-management
>I'm happy with HN being for anything intellectually interesting, and nothing else.

Hard to be intellectually curious when you're living in fear, and potentially in a future war torn country. I understand some reasoning for this mindset, but I'm glad you realize how dire this is an an attack on the very core systems that allow such curious discussion.

We have multiple university professors strongly considering fleeing to Canada as a small sample. It's pretty clear how such moves will affect the long term abilities for a site like this to operate.
I guess it's ok to build it and sell it but not to sell the binaries provided? It's odd indeed. Most likely split brain decision.
I used to work at Intel (around 1999) in their Jones Farm campus in Oregon. My employee stock grants from that time are still underwater.

This was the heyday at Intel. I left within a year because I noticed that the talent that was respected, compensated and influential at Intel was the sales engineers. I can't pretend to have known that would lead to the decline of the company, but I knew that as an engineer uninterested in sales, that it wasn't the place for me.
I thought the AI wars would be fought with bombs vs. bots not with ZIP bombs vs. bots.
I was excited, too. I was also excited when Intel announced Larrabee.

That was before I learnt about the many and varied ways in which Intel sabotages itself, and released that Intel's underperformance has little to do with a lack of good technical ideas or talent.

I.e. I was young and naive. I am now considerably less young, and at least a little less naive.
Now I need to pay 10x for a USB cable, a charger etc.
> [...] my color changing Altera mug (that's long stopped changing color) most days. PE ruins everything [...]

I don't think PE is responsible for that one.
BetaMax had better fidelity than VHS, but initially could only hold 60 minutes of A/V while VHS could do 120m (ie, almost a full movie without swapping tapes)
The problem with "vibe coding"
Let's explore the concept of "cloud based ones" neurons. Let's say your brain has just three neurons, connected with each other. You remove one of them, and connect the two remaining one an external terminal - a physical device capable of transmitting electrical currents, being controlled by some complicated software "in the cloud". That physical device becomes the third neuron. Instead of one terminal, it could be two different devices, together playing the role of the original third neuron for each of the two other original neurons. For simplicity, let's assume there's just one terminal, serving both remaining original neurons, just like the third original neuron did. From the point of view of the two remaining biological neurons, nothing has changed. But from the point of view of the third neuron - the replaced one - the system did change. Now it is connected to three other terminals: two original one, and one other physical terminal "in the cloud". That other terminal in the cloud is part of the software, so it is connected to potentially billions of other terminals (e.g. transistors). And all of them are now involved in playing the role of the original third neuron that we replaced. So we effectively replaced a system of three interconnected neurons with a system of billions of interconnected neurons. This can have a profound effect on the "consciousness" of the original brain (in quotes because I don't consciousness is possible with just three neurons).

Can you poke holes in the reasoning above?
Harvard said most of the demands were not actually about antisemitism.

> Although some of the demands outlined by the government are aimed at combating antisemitism, the majority represent direct governmental regulation of the “intellectual conditions” at Harvard.
Show HN: OrgaMent – AI Task Manager for Groups and Personal Productivity
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We’d love your feedback and feature ideas. What’s the biggest pain point in your current task manager?
Actually I’m skeptical because the level of argument you’re producing is comparable to some of the worst Reddit slop. Endless bad faith strawmans.