skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
An explanation I once read, and I think makes total sense, is WWII. Europe was heavily destroyed after WWII with no exception to railway tracks. They needed to be rebuild. They were, but with a much better technology than what was there in the 1800s. This allowed faster trains, better technology overall to be "deployed" and ultimately better initial adpotion which started a positive feedback loop.
Meanwhile railway tracks were never bombed and never needed to be rebuilt like they were in Europe, so the infrastructure didn't allow for the technological improvements and the positive feedback look never started.

What they forgot to mention in the article (or I missed) is that train is extremly expensive and has gotten more expensive over the years. I cannot do it right now but I'd bet the price per km is much higher that what it is for a plain ride or even a car ride (if the car is full, meaning 4 train tickets vs card ride) which very frustrating when the consensus is "we need to take the train more often, driving is not good" while salaries stagnate and inflation is having the time of its life.
It seems like I see a habit tracker or to-do list app launched every day. Why is yours different and better?
Taking an extreme example, if I go to France, I don't expect government announcements to be provided in English for me. I'm in France, their official language is French, I need to figure out the French myself.

I don't think anyone would debate that point (feel free to swap France for any other country).

While for some reason it does feel more borderline in the case of Spanish in the US, I'm not sure why?
Show HN: Free tool to view multi-cloud resources and costs in one place
Hi HN,

We’re building a lightweight tool to help you understand what’s running across your multi-cloud infrastructure — and what it’s costing you.

It gives you a clear overview of resources (VMs, databases, containers, networking, etc.) and cost breakdowns in a single dashboard.

We built it because managing across providers was a mess — scattered tools, fragmented views, and no easy way to see everything without switching tabs.

This is just our MVP — it’s free, quick to set up, and focused on clarity over complexity.

If you're dealing with cloud sprawl or want better visibility across environments, happy to share the link. Would love your thoughts!

Thanks!
It's not the "of", it's just that "grande vitesse" means "high speed", it doesn't have the undertones that "great" has in English. Unless I'm overinterpreting the meaning in English (French is my native language, not English).
Different optimal solutions for different scenarios.
Maybe also "with"?

I think it's sense 13 at

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A0#Preposition_3

If so, the most natural English version (when choosing to use a proposition at all) would probably be "with".
I was thinking the same about consistency, which is useful for many contexts, but if you let another LLM do the extraction, you are again at the mercy of that LLMs quality/hallucinations.

Of course mitigation strategies were using many different LLMs and comparing results (voting) or using a highly trained/specialised model for only entity / context extraction. An interesting benchmark would be when those extraction techniques/models would exceed what a human professional is able to do.
Critical thinking is not a generic/standalone skill that you can practise targetedly. As in, critical thinking doesn't translate across knowledge domains. To think critically you need extensive knowledge of the domain in question; that's one reason why memorizing facts will always remain necessary, despite search engines and LLMs.

At best what you can learn specifically regarding critical thinking are some rules of thumb such as "compare at least three sources" and "ask yourself who benefits".
If there's one thing we're good at in America, it's inventing cope. There are many dense corridors in the USA including the northeast and west coast. None of them have high speed rail, and most don't even have dense housing, nor do they have the desire to get them.
Teenage girls explain mental health gender gap in new study
Nothing in recent time makes me believe Trump will face any consequence for this...
A dual password "Hidden OS" feature like Veracrypt offers, or at least used to offer would be best. If implemented correctly the existence of the hidden OS can't be proven, and a dummy password would log into a dummy OS. I don't think it exists for phones, but is surely a gap in the market.
This is a false dichotomy -- regexes and parsers both have their place, even when solving the same problem.

The troubles start when you try and solve the whole thing in one step, using just regular expressions, or parsers.

Regular expressions are good at tokenizing input (converting a stream of bytes into a stream of other things, e.g. picking out numbers, punctuation, keywords).

Parsers are good at identifying structure in a token stream.

Neither are good at evaluation. Leave that as its own step.

Applying this rule to the example in the article (Advent of Code 2024 Day 3), I would still use regular expressions to identify mul(\d+,\d+), do(), and don't(), I don't think I need a parser because there is no extra structure beyond that token stream, and I would leave it up to the evaluator to track the state of whether multiplication is enabled or not.
the US doesnt have english as the law of the land, only as a very recent emergency order by the president.

its very likely that plenty of US citizens have never spoken no read anythjng in english in their life
> Loosing a $1k anything would not be something I could just shrug my shoulders and just turn around and immediately replace it.

I'd suggest that if $1K is a big deal to lose, one should not spend such an ungodly amount on a phone.

Perfectly adequate phones can be had for $100-$200. I couldn't imagine wasting more than that on a phone.
The USD will be removed at some point if trump keeps his dumb antics.
film photography had a lot more detail until we moved to cheap 35mm film for cost and convenience reasons. Even middle format has a huge effective resolution,
These are loyalty tests. You prove you belong to the ingroup if you show you believe preposterous things. That's how cults and religions work.

We think this is stupid because it kinda is, but this behaviour is part of the human traits and possibly is adaptive behaviour to enable the very possibility of us living in large societies.
Let me think of a past example where a deportation machinery was built and fine tuned... It went well, right? Very efficient. Incredibly efficient. The world had never seen something so efficient before.
So how are they loss leaders? I understood the comment as "Nike makes a loss on shoes and actual profits come from the other branded stuff they sell".
Show HN: Docsingest – Turn developer docs into clean, LLM-friendly Markdown
Hi HN,

I'm Pushpinder, and I built Docsingest (https://docsingest.com/) to solve a common pain point when trying to prepare online developer documentation for LLM workflows, like RAG or fine-tuning.

Scraping developer doc webpages is always messy— you often end up with navigation menus, footers, sidebars, and even ads mixed in with your core content. Worse, extracting code blocks and preserving the document’s structure (headings, lists, tables) is challenging, and manually cleaning it up is tedious.

Inspired by tools like [GitIngest](https://gitingest.com/) that effectively process code repositories, I wanted to build a similar tool focused on dev docs directly from the web. Docsingest takes a URL as input and:

1. *Isolates the main content:* It intelligently strips away the boilerplate (like headers, footers, and sidebars) that you don’t need.
2. *Preserves rich formatting:* It retains code formatting, proper heading hierarchies, lists, and tables to ensure that the Markdown output is structured and LLM-friendly.
3. *Handles JS-rendered pages:* To accurately capture content from modern sites, we use a headless browser (powered by [Browserless](https://account.browserless.io/)) to render JavaScript before extraction.

I built this after spending far too much time fighting with generic scrapers that failed to produce clean, usable Markdown. With Docsingest, you can quickly transform a messy developer docs webpage into a clean, structured format optimized for LLM ingestion.

I'm eager for any feedback from the community.

Thanks for taking a look!
> If they can compel you to divulge the password, then they can compel you to restore from backup in front of them.

Of course, if your backup is to a US-based cloud service, they already have full access to it.
> You could almost build an entire parser combinator library from scratch from memory, because none of the individual components are complicated.

I do this every now and then. Usually in the days leading up to advent of code.

"A parser is a function from an input to either failure or a (remaining input, result) pair" is all you need to remember to build the rest.
> I think Japan changed, but not so much.

I have read a book written in the early 20th century by an American at that time who had spent most of his life in Japan and who described what life was life was in Japan at the time. If you remove the technological change, culturally and traditionally, Japan is pretty much the same country as several generations back, and I was struck by that.
VAT is never universal, different products already get different rates.
Π-NeSy: A Possibilistic Neuro-Symbolic Approach
No, I am not suggesting this. And to my knowledge neither did Russia at any point suggest this. If Russia did, kindly share. The probability that Russia will invade Europe is propaganda propagated by western media. Request you to watch the 2 videos I have linked above.
They do need to train the agents first though, so that is the other purpose of agents, to gather the training data to replace the people.
> “We need to get better at treating this like a business,” Acting ICE Director Todd Lyons said, explaining he wants to see a deportation process “like (Amazon) Prime, but with human beings.”

This is one of the most evil things I've seen posted on HN.
I'm bit 'no true Scotsman' with this but I think it would be more precise to talk specifically about American Evangelicals instead of just Christians. Because this is not normal Christian thing and, comparing to Catholics, American Evangelicals are niche.
intereresting read. I might be wrong but I think the central limit theorem is what's contributing to the binomial distribution of arrivals approaching a normal distribution due to the summation of qi-1 + arrivals().

Over many iterations (minutes, hours), you accumulate the effects of these random additions. As a result, even though the distribution is binomial (or approximated Poisson), its behavior for large enough values and sums of multiple minutes becomes approximately gaussian due to CLT.
> The cities like Kobe and Nagasaki, on the other hand, are completely unrecognizable.

getting utterly destroyed by fire bombing (or atomic bombs in the case of Nagasaki) does that to cities.
For one thing, the US has never had an official language. English is obviously the most widely used there, but contracts and official documents written in other languages are also completely valid.
Please read Abundance by Ezra Klein and Derek Thompson to understand why there is no TGV in California. Long story short : Well intended regulations and excessive outsourcing to the private sector made the costs prohibitive.
Software Engineer specialised in backend technologies.

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Email: demur.nodia@gmail.com

Email me or Schedule a call via https://calendly.com/demur-nodia

I’m a backend-focused Software Engineer based in Tbilisi, Georgia, open to remote opportunities. I specialize in Python with frameworks like Flask, FastAPI, and Django, and have solid experience with PostgreSQL, CI/CD, Kubernetes, and AWS. I enjoy building scalable systems and contributing to clean, maintainable codebases. I’m not looking to relocate but fully open to collaborating with distributed teams.
for now, if you get a job you're overqualified for OR even its not upto your "standards", I would suggest to take it.

I had one such offer that I thought was not worth my time because I presumed I'll get more offers, Sike, I didn't. Now I think about if had taken that up, I would atleast have some stability while I plan my next steps.

food on the table > rocket on mars

stability > ambition

Pickup anything you can get, dont stay stuck on the old ways of getting a job, they are not working anyways.
Cold call business owners and ask them if you can bring some technical value and potentially convert that into a long term relationship. This doesn't have to be this way for years but alteast you'll be able to get into the workspace and use YOUR SKILLS to create impact in OTHERs company/industry.
Snd how these compare to GPT-4.5?

(From my experience, the best model for creative writing, https://p.migdal.pl/blog/2025/04/vibe-translating-quantum-fl...)
Even for inter-city trips, though? Some quick googling suggests that Waymo costs around $3 per mile. That would have to come way down if you wanted to compete with trains over a thousand or more miles. And you'd still be way slower, and have less ability to stretch your legs, go to the bathroom etc... .
I really like oral exams on top of regular exams. The teacher can ask questions and dive into specific areas - it'll be obvious who is just using LLMs to answer the questions vs those who use LLMs to tutor them.
These arguments also apply to planes, which remain popular.

Also, not sure how it's more expensive than having people drive. I save 10k+ a year by not owning a car. And I can sit in the train and get work done, have a drink, sleep, whatever - can't do that while driving.
I’ve noticed the same contrast - technical writing from LLMs often needs trimming for clarity, but creative writing can lean too far into either bland or overly flowery language.

Most LLM benchmarks lean heavily on fluency, but things like internal logic, tone consistency, and narrative pacing are harder to quantify. I think using a second model to extract logical or structural assertions could be a smart direction. It’s not perfect, but it shifts focus from just “how it sounds” to “does it actually make sense over time.” Creative writing benchmarks still feel very early-stage.
The man scam is “everything must have a monthly subscription to some saas service”.

The immediate next is “appliances let you use all the features only if you have an account in some web service”

Not necessarily related to ai, but still scams.
I work on music models, and this is a very cool paper! There are no papers that go into depth on how token-based AR music models (that aren't absurdly inefficient like Yue) are trained. I'm particularly interested in your semantic tokens. I tried reproducing the CTC loss part but my curve was very spikey and didn't seem to actually figure out any characters. The semantic tokens gave great acoustic info but gibberish lyrics. What did your CTC loss curves look like and did you see anything similar at any point?

As a semi-aside, I feel like semantic tokens in general may end up being a bottleneck on how interesting model outputs can be.
Risc OS it's still alive, it works great under an RPI B+ and up. Just get some industrial graded SD.

I suggest you to get the Risc OS Direct 'distro' and then the update which has wireless support. Read the documentation first, of course.

Risc OS it's very similar to Windows in usage (more like an Amiga), once you read the docs you will get it ready in no time. You have the old Netsurf browser on its native plataform, it's fun.

On plan9, 9front superseded it.
Well, immediately after that, they say they inverted the entire curve (through a naïve 1/|X| and then un-FFT, presumably) and saved it as an impulse response. I think the 300Hz slope is to _keep_ the rolloff in that area, so that the system doesn't try to boost bass by 40 dB and just end up clipping madly.

Since these operations sort-of commute, it is easier to understand if you invert the order of operations:

1. Invert the spectrum (ideally through something less sensitive to noise than what's done here). Now you have an impulse response that will, in theory, give you a perfectly flat frequency response.

2. Apply a 300 Hz slope. Now you gave up some of that flatness, but you have something that's physically realizable without murdering your speakers.
Most people need more than mere "opportunity to better oneself". It's almost always a shortage of motivation. UBI would reduce this motivation, I believe.
Firebase Me, a community initiative dedicated to Google Firebase
> might never personally catch [emphasis mine]

And there's the mistake in your understanding. The personal benefit rationale is that they might catch it if they aren't treated. The public health benefit is a reason a government might promote this, but the reason medics will recommend it is personal benefit.
Most economists argue the opposite, that LVT is more ethical and efficient than other forms of taxation.
Drivers are precisely the reason we only have Windows, Macos and Linux as viable options.

Hardware manufacturers write Windows drivers, Linux community write drivers for basically all consumer hardware, and apple develops both the hardware and the OS with their own drivers.
When a 300mph Japanese maglev passes close by it looks like this:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Gp4DcRsELc

Imagine living in the SF Bay Area and seeing a BART train move like that? Just unreal.
It's agonizingly slow (I used to take it to college in SLO) but between SF and LA you could take the Coast Starlight (you'd BART to Oakland first). It's 12 hours though. https://www.amtrak.com/coast-starlight-train . I used to take the Chinatown busses and they were faster, or ride share on Craigslist (or, really aging myself here - remember Zimride?)
Cody vs. Cursor
I’m not the only one who gets a chill down their spine when they hear this, right?

I hate to invoke Godwin's law on the very first comment on a post, but the industrialization of deportations seems to have alarming parallels to the mass murder Jews and other minority groups in 1930’s and 40’s Europe. I read “Ordinary Men” by Christopher Browning a couple months ago and the thing that stuck out to me is that when the Nazi’s started killing people, they didn’t immediately jump to death camps. The initial steps of the holocaust began as a “deportation” scheme and it was a continual ramping up of the scale of murder.

They initially claimed they were going to deport these people to Madagascar https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madagascar_Plan

I’m not American so I may be missing some nuance here, but this seems a little terrifying to me.
Can I see the (implied) counter-example?

A regex which turns a language's source code into an AST?
"Evil begins when you begin to treat people as things."

-Terry Pratchett
> if I go to France, I don't expect government announcements to be provided in English

In Netherlands they'll translate things in various languages. If you get stopped by the police and they need to communicate they'll get a translator; pretty much doesn't matter which language you're speaking (within reason). Easily 50+ languages.

The French are really particular. The USA often used the phrase "melting pot". So I find the comparison with France quite odd.
In France pretty much anywhere near a high-speed train station becomes within convenient reach of Paris and so attracts a boom in second homes and hybrid/remote workers.
Sorry. I will restrain myself.
Big plug plus the little switch means that when stuck in London without an adapter I can just just loop some paperclips into my laptop's US type-a plug then jam them in a socket with confidence.
3 phase for ovens? That seems totally overkill to me.

In France even though they're not usually plugged into a standard socket, all the ovens I've used ran on standard single phase current. Houses are almost never wired for 3 phase anyway.

Parent was talking about toaster ovens though, and those are (as far as I know) always plugged to normal sockets.
That depreciation number is extremely suspicious, unless your car is very old/cheap in which case your service number is suspicious (or you value your time at close to 0 GBP per hour).

Also, your car has to park somewhere presumably, which uses land, and I assume your car uses fuel (or electricity, but unlikely if your car is that cheap)
More often than not the people you are working for will just go bankrupt at some point if they can’t pay you. They will have loads of other bills they can’t pay, and probably if they engaged you knowing they can’t actually pay you then you need to understand that they are narcissistic and dishonest and treat them accordingly (ie don’t make additional deals with them)

Chances are your revenue sharing agreement might not hold up in court (ie veto/not approved by shareholders) or they might scam you by selling the IP for $1 to a shell P/L company and just reincorporating.

So yeah don’t jump for this option unless you think they’ll never pay you anyway… chances are if you keep the debt you can sell to a debt collector for 10% of its value (they’ll go after the director and usually succeed), or wait for liquidation and grab a bunch of their stuff. You might end up with choice pick on a few company cars or something like that you can sell.

Startups operating on unpaid invoices is a very common and real scam that you need to be aware of and avoid. I hear founders casually make comments such as “I’ll try xxx project on unpaid invoices and see if it works” all the time.
There is also https://agntcy.org/
Denmark and the Netherlands have income tax rates and public services much more similar to France than to the US.
The making of for "The Hunt for Red October" describes some of the other practical effects inside that movie, like the scenes on the surface with the Red October or the set for the interiors of the submarines: https://youtube.com/watch?v=2_epfA20dOY