skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Any shell started with a minus as the first character of argv[0] is a login shell e.g. "-bash" is a login shell.

Many things start your shell this way:

* the "login" command
e.g. logging on an a virtual console
* "su -"
* "sshd"
e.g. ssh <hostname>
* xterms, depending on the settings
e.g. the original xterm if you run "xterm -ls"
or you run "xterm" with "xterm*loginShell: true"
in your ".Xdefaults" or ".Xresources"
* some X initialization scripts,
e.g. when logging in to a "Default" session via gdm or kdm
(how exactly this works depends on your distribution
some explicitly source .profile instead)

With "bash" you can also manually create a login shell using "bash -l" or "bash --login".
Did you read the article?

As a side note, it’s impossible for me (or any other independent video trainer) to register to sell video tutorials directly in the iTunes store as suggested in the rejection statement, as I do not meet the requirements of “5 feature-length movies or documentaries that were released theatrically (or) 100 feature-length movies or documentaries that were either released theatrically or direct to video.”
Water Light Graffiti
worked for me... fantastic!
Another reason not to use corporate software: Your bosses are spying on you
Show HN: My weekend project - ExploreMore
My friend Joseph (http://josephcurley.me/) and I built a web app to help people find interesting things to do, whether traveling or just feeling restless at home: http://bit.ly/O5b2jU

It is built using Flask and the Eventful API. I'm working on an Android version right now. I know it is rather simple, but I would really appreciate some feedback.
Clickable: http://bit.ly/O5b2jU
Show HN: Redirect stdout to EtherPad
Differential control of spinning wheels is used to control attitude in spacecraft. Wertz's book describes the attitude control of the SEASAT satellites that used two canted reaction wheels in the pitch/yaw axis for momentum bias, and actuated them differentially to correct pointing errors. Read the chapter on momentum bias.
Copyright and the Internet
Movie theater preparing for digital age
"Web traps" and other problems can be controlled by a breadth-first crawling strategy.

A very simple and reliable web crawler can be built by building something that takes a list of in-urls, fetches the pages, parses them, and emits a list of out-urls.

The out-urls from that phase become the in-urls of the next phase.

If you do this you'll find the size of the generation get larger for a while, but eventually it starts getting smaller and if you take a look at it you'll find that almost everything getting crawled is junk -- like online calendars that keep going forward into the future forever.

At some point you stop crawling, maybe between generation 8 and 12, and you've dodged the web trap bullet without even trying.
I'm flexible.

A) I hate getting the kernel skins stuck in my teeth. This happens when eating directly from the cob. I spend dozens and dozens of minutes picking, flossing, and sucking my teeth to get them clean. I'd prefer to shave the kernels off with a knife.

If I must eat from the cob:

B) Cobs with husks attached-- you get these at festivals and fairs. Sometimes they're so frickin' delicious you have to just put up with the A) issues. I'm eating it like a dot matrix printer prints on its drum, from one end to the other, rotate a bit and do it again. Cuz it's hard to rotate more with the damn husk in the way.

C) Cobs without husks-- family gatherings with plastic utensils that couldn't shave a cob in any circumstances. Start at the left end and spin the cob until that section is clear; move slightly right, repeat.

So I'm a pragmatist. And this post had me spending far too much time analyzing and posting about my corn eating habits.

Hi, I'm delinka, and I eat corn.
Why You Should Back App.net (and Why You Shouldn't)
By local object, I mean an object defined in whatever object the above code is written.

But anyway, the guideline takeaway is: work locally. This isn't so important perhaps in the stuff we showed here, but if you had many operations on it, then you risk being fragile to changes in db's api. That's what you are trying to avoid (because they do change, and in ways that can break things).

It's probably so obvious now that you're scratching your head trying to figure out what the hell I'm talking about he couldn't be saying something _that_ stupid!. But back when OO was just going mainstream I would imagine that guidelines like these were useful as all the new programmers likely had the same questions and the guidelines answered them.
I noticed the trend of buying followers a while ago and a couple of weeks ago I built http://twitteraudit.com which simply looks at 5000 followers and uses a few simple metrics to guess whether a user is real or fake.

TwitterAudit gives a single score of the percentage of any user's followers that are real. Most people are above 40%, but some are below 10%, suggesting that they probably bought a lot of them.

Check it out! Any feedback would be great.
Latin American Tech Hubs
Companies With Online Solutions for Big Offline Problems
I liked the saylor.org link so much because it offers an entire CS curriculum in sequence,along with General Ed courses.
If you have any doubts that raising money is a good idea, you shouldn't raise money. In fact there's a good chance you won't.

There's no need to overanalyze it or weigh the pitfalls. Only raise money if you're already certain it's the right choice. If you're still asking "but how do I know?", you shouldn't raise money.

Just keep growing your customer ramp. You'll know when the time is right.
The first thing that popped into my head after reading the headline: http://xkcd.com/927/

Same thought after reading the article.
But I could make just as strong an argument that spirals are superior because you only have to move the corn from side to side once.

That said I actually have no idea which way I prefer to eat corn on the cob, and I guess now I'll never be able to make an unbiased assessment.
Quake Video Game Industry Legend Paul Steed Has Passed Away
The Power of mdfind
Link to video in case the site goes down: http://vimeo.com/47095462
AntiLeaks group claim responsibility for WikiLeaks attacks
My fiancée is a mathematician, and tells me that she eats by spirals, and she prefers algebra, so... Myth: Busted
change the background ..
The cats were treated respectfully. Even dropped on a padded surface.
How a Minor Change by Facebook Resulted in a $92 Million Acquisition
The API is nice, but it is difficult to maintain. To get encoders/decoders into the string class in the first place, you have to maintain a global registry. (I suppose you could pass them all to the constructor of the string object, but nobody's going to do that.) The global codec registry leads to naming conflicts. If you import a module that globally adds a "foo" encoder, then you import another module that globally adds a "foo" encoder, now what? Both modules break because of their dependency on the global name "foo". Because of the details of the codec.register implementation, you can't even catch the conflict at registration time and refuse to load the second module, you simply have to wait until your program returns subtly-incorrect results.

Compare this to the scheme where you import codec modules explicitly and just call their functions. Your imports are lexically-scoped, and if you happen to need two encoders that use the same name, you can just alias one of them at import time. This strategy can't introduce unexpected errors as your program grows larger, because the side effects are constrained to one module. It either works now and will always work, or doesn't work and fails quickly while you are developing.

Ultimately, people use Python because they want a bit of discipline in their lightweight language. This isn't Javascript or PHP, after all :)
Three points from Max, lets do it!
well flywheels are the same physics.

but i think what you're asking is why do we have fairly compact flywheels rather than longer, more extended "tails"? and the answer is probably that it makes more engineering sense. you can increase the angular momentum stored in something by making it "bigger" or by spinning it faster. i imagine it's a lot easier to spin a small flywheel to thousands of rpm than to make a "tail" (spinning at a very low speed) thousands of times larger.

also - unless i missed it - this video doesn't really explain all of it. by itself a cat's tail isn't nearly large enough or rotating fast enough to spin a cat's body. the cat is also very "intelligently" (presumably "designed" through natural selection) doing much of the rotation while in a U shape. that reduces the net angular momentum considerably (the two "arms" of the U effectively cancel).

and, from what i remember elsewhere, they also reduce the amount of rotation needed by rotating to only get one pair of legs perfectly aligned. as long as those touch down first there is a little time (i admit i am not sure it is sufficient) to then rotate the other legs while "holding on" to the ground.
The worst thing here is the inconsistency. If the App Store had no "training video" type apps, then one might disagree with the policy, but at least it wouldn't feel so arbitrary. Allowing some, but not others - plus changing their mind half way though - puts Apple in a bad light. They also need to ensure that their "suggestions" are possible. In this, I think their policies in one area are just evolving faster than those in another. I'd hope that anyone could submit video content in the not to distant future, as part of a "Tutorial" category or similar.

In terms of pragmatics, have you considered doing an interactive iBook? Videos, plus diagrams and text would seem to be more useful than just a video anyway, and (IIRC) anyone can submit an iBook.
A side note to mikelward's answer for OSX users: by default Terminal.app starts all shells as login shells[1]. You can easily change this behavior, but it's the default and many people never even know it's set that way. This is different from defaults on many (most?) Linux systems, and so people coming from one direction to the other often become confused about where to put startup information. (I suppose it's not exactly a Linux versus OSX thing. It has more to do with window managers and how you start up your machine. If you log into Gnome, KDE or similar environments though, most terminal windows you start in the GUI are not login shells. So people get used to that behavior.)

[1]: http://cl.ly/If85
Were you making a joke, or do you genuinely not understand that what Obama said there is completely accurate? The private sector has shown decent growth over the last few years, whereas the public sector has continued to shed jobs due to lack of government funds. That's the biggest drag on employment, and Republicans really have proposed making the situation worse.
http://bonddad.blogspot.com/2012/07/where-we-are-employment....
The Biggest Cloud Computing Security Risk Is Impossible to Eliminate
Vim as you IDE
Troll? We're not 15 year olds, than you very much.

Marco rights his opinion. He's pro-Apple to a degree I don't much like, but troll is a stupid accusation. He's not some teenage 4channer linkbaiting....
here's how google avoids duplicate content: http://infolab.stanford.edu/~manku/papers/07www-duplicates.p...
I always wondered to what extent the official warnings on cigarette packs contributed to the illnesses presented on them actually materializing.
Today's business landscape has the added issue of global commerce, meaning a US Patent can easily be sidestepped with off shore servers. So, international patents are needed, which are exponentially more expensive in both finances and time to acquire. Then, the patent(s) need to be enforced, with your own financing.

Patents are a rich man's game with an industry (patent attorneys) professionally trained to leach the maximum amount out of the disputing parties. As an international patent holder, I urge everyone to consider trade secrets and gaining market traction the higher priority. So what if you develop a business that some small startup has a patent? It's too expensive for the startup to enforce their own patent, and if the startup aligns with a deep pocketed ally, chances are they will be consumed and that deep pocketed ally's interests pursued.

Make the business and the business community will align with you. Go after the patent(s) and be financially and (as a result) organizationally drained to the degree that your business is not receiving the focus and attention it requires.
That's how they control the quality of content. I'm not saying I agree with this, it's just how they've chosen to manage the store and it's why there's a multitude of publishers which will help produce your content and get it into the iTunes Store (eg. http://www.tunecore.com/).
Err: a plugin based XMPP chatbot
What your missing is Doctors don't actually cost that much directly. Talking with a doctor for 10 minutes often involves the doctor doing 5 minutes of paperwork, and medical billing people doing 2 hours of work at the doctors office and at your insurance company. The billing people may make 1/3 what the doctor does but if there working 6 times as long there still 2/3's of the costs.
Vowels and frequent letters? For one I am a programmer, not a writer --my frequent keys are widely different than a typist's.

Second, who said having the all on the home row is better? Studies --nit Dvorak's own-- have shown marginal or no improvement compared to qwerty, ven for typists.
Sounds like its time to pivot. Some ideas on how to do that:

-Attempt to submit to iTunes anyhow, and handle the rejection if and when it comes.

-Create a web app with your videos embedded into it. Provide your free videos for free and your paid videos for a price or subscription.

-Deploy your video as a part of the YouTube partner program and monetize there: http://www.youtube.com/yt/creators/partner.html

-Build an iOS app without videos in it that acts as a companion to your videos - organizes all of them into categories, provides URLs where they can be viewed, organizes the notes and comments on each video, even lets you stream them within that app. This is basically how the Netflix app works, right? If the streaming crosses the line with Apple again, take it out. This will give you a presence in the App Store.

-Get vindictive and target Android instead of iOS

Bureaucracy is the bane of the small business man. Learn to roll with the punches and move on.
In my opinion, being able to code and make things without the use of proprietary software will usually become more popular in the long run. With JS if necessary I can pull up any text editor if I had to and edit any file, with Flash there's a higher gateway to entry and a higher learner curve of sorts. It seems the the crowds will adopt the way of open in the long run. To me HTML5/JS just seems more natural and a prettier way of doing things.
Yes, but this is a problem with the source language and/or the host system libraries, not with LLVM IR itself. There is a broad domain of applications for which it is portable.
Flash fails at much more fundamental issues, before these spiffy new features are even relevant.
That article is 11 years old. What's the purpose in linking to it?

The Falcon 9 can lift 29,000 lbs to LEO for US$54 million. That's $1,900/lb.
yeah thinking about it
You might try it again. I can positively and unexaggeratedly say that I've never had ST2 hang on me.
Some sites "filter" user input instead of escaping it.
The really horrible part of this story is all the effort he went to, trying to make his app compliant but all in vain. Is there no way to just ask "if I do this or that, will it be acceptable?" rather than just blindly trying things and resubmitting?

I guess he's skirting around the fringes of what's acceptable as an app, but at what point do you draw the line between a "movie" and an app with video content? Remember those "interactive movies" that were popular in the 90's? What side of the fence do they sit on?
Can More Code Mean Fewer Bugs? The bytes you save today may bite you tomorrow.
The Nun Who Broke Into the Nuclear Sanctum
You can 100% emulate Websockets in Flash if you wanted, essentially librarys like socket.io use a flash fallback that does that. If you do a flash only game/app you probably just avoid the websocket overhead for faster development and better bandwith.

Raw sockets pass through firewalls and proxies exactly as good as websockets.
Apropos WebGL: Why are web browsers so picky regarding WebGL? There are PCs out there which are perfectly fine running applications like Blender (uses OpenGL for the GUI and everything) but Firefox won't let you use WebGL on it.
Yeah, your EFI won't be open source.

More like "I used linux for a year"
Ah, sweet site. I had started building something similar myself a few weeks back (http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4315669) I'm using yours now to check a few accounts I know of that buy followers.

It would be nice if I could pay to run a few audits at once.

Edit: so I played around with it for a bit, a problem it seems to have is it doesn't cope with Twitter "lurkers", people that don't tweet much, follow lots of people and have a few followers. You shouldn't count those that follow ~200 people but don't tweet much as "fake". You should assume that every user with under 1-200 followings is legitimate, because it's not cost effective for the follower sellers to do it with accounts with so few follows. or at the very least have their "score" very low.
Intel-on-Demand in a Web 2.0 World 
In the United States, the President’s Daily Brief (PDB), “the highest-level intelligence analysis targeted at the key national security issues and concerns of the President”, is increasingly going digital. For that matter, so is much of the output produced by the US Intelligence Community at large. According to AOL Defense News, “The President and his top officials want and will get a single mobile device allowing them to access highly classified and unclassified data wherever they are”. The mobility feature is driven by a desire not to be tethered to a desk or a Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility (SCIF). In addition to the obvious benefits of mobility, the digitized PDB allows for a more in-depth and interactive reading of intelligence matters. In the example of the PDB, as the President reviews the nation’s most sensitive intelligence information on a specialized tablet, he can jump back and forth, click on links to take a deeper dive, see follow-up briefings, review background materials for greater context, view videos, photographs, maps and other visual aids. In fact, the PDB has gone from a static page to an interactive assessment of top intelligence concerns, landing it squarely in a quasi Web 2.0 world for the Intelligence Community. That is not to say that the President is checking Twitter, Facebook or the Rasmussen Report’s daily Presidential Tracking Poll numbers. Instead, reports indicate the digitized hardware has been scaled way down. For obvious reasons, specific details regarding the hardware’s composition and features remain classified.
Not to mention copywriting, strategy, account management, project management, user experience, and development.
You dont need any proprietary software to code and make flash. Just use the flex compiler and code in any text editor. The flex compiler can do flash apps without flex also and has some pretty nice sintactical sugar things like two way databinding if you want it.
iBookstore is still possible. With the release of iBooks 2, interactive content can be built fairly easily and I believe that most features in OP's apps can be converted to iBooks easily.
Ask yourself this: are Canadian or British companies having an easier time with startups than American companies?

Single payer or not is not a significant factor in the success of a startup. If it were then single-payer countries would be enjoying a decided advantage against the US, which they're not. If a potential founder is seeing a lack of insurance as a barrier to entry, then it's likely that potential founder does not have the fortitude to survive creating a new company.
Ask HN: Why does this site use center and table tags?
I'm curious as to why a website made for developers by developers uses such bad practices? Table usage has it's merits but while reading the markup for the site I got a real 1999 vibe.

Is it because of a "if it ain't broke don't fix it" mentality?

Maybe it's just plain "who cares?"
They did.there is a paraprog guide to raspberry pi. Came out this week
Sass 3.2.0 Released
Conventional mobile phones have become (some say they always were) Big Brother tracking and surveillance devices. The amount of surveillance your are subject to reduces the value of mobile phones. For some people, reduces it so much as to make them, even when balanced against their usefulness, undesirable.

As for regressing 20 years, how often are you able to pick up an incoming call right away? Your phone is 90% of the time a mini Internet tablet, not a portable version of a land-line phone.

The privacy issue isn't just theoretical. There is a blacklist of more than 3000 activist construction workers maintained by police and UK companies. Could the people on that blacklist have kept themselves under the radar by paying closer attention to communications privacy?
I wondered why I had all of those hits to an old blog article. Now I know!

This is one of the odder correlations that I'm aware of. I'm glad that other people find it interesting.
True. Actually there's been ongoing discusses on this issue, about education of children of migrant workers in China.

You cannot purchase a house, send your kids to school, or access many social services without a Beijing hukou(something like resident identification).

Big tech companies like Microsoft and Sina becomes more competitive on recruiting, because they have been given some hukou credits by the government, so if you get into these companies, you can get a hukou when it's your turn in the long-long queue.

And local Beijingers do not welcome those migrants. They even think it's unfair to let the kids of those to receive education in Beijing, not to mention the college entrance test(aka GaoKao).

It's sick.
But without the changing of exam-oriented system(应试教育), talents of teachers won't be able to bring in to play in their work.
The iOS app review process is astronomically fucked. I've had apps rejected for comically ambiguous reasons such as "app is just a website re-packaged as an app". Right. IMO one can argue this for many apps. I've had apps rejected because "app doesn't use enough native iOS functionality" when the app uses the accelerometer/gyroscope and all sorts of UIKit features.

The review process is also hilariously inconsistent. I've had re-skins of my own apps, that are live in the app store, that have solid 5-star reviews across 100s of users, that have 100k+ downloads rejected.

On a more positive note the Android development experience has been pretty decent so far. Porting a relatively simple iOS app took about two weeks. This time span includes reading the docs, getting a physical device and downloading the app from Google Play.

I've been doing iOS development since the start of the app store. However the "nuances" like provisioning profiles mess, $99/year fee and painfully long review process are getting really old.
Really? And what was Kinect? If not an innovation and a game changing product?
Before anyone asks, "What does this have to do with hacker-related news?"...this is a story of an 82-year old nun committing what's described as the biggest security breach in U.S. nuclear history.
Seconded. His Kickstarter video and copy seemed like a stream of thought joke. Why should I give a rich Hollywood actor money when I can give a well planned and spoken individual the same funds.

Further, it seems pretty unlikely that a person ought to make a movie about how to lead a grassroots campaign if they can't even lead one for their own project.
Malaria is no excuse for patent trolling, Mr. Myhrvold