skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
One interesting thing is how the Incan organizational capability mostly vanished. The original empire was really extremely well organized, but today's Bolivia and Peru don't show any particular aptitude in this direction.

There is an interesting contrast to Persia, which, having been conquered by Muslims in the 7th century, was subjugated and converted to a new religion as well - and yet within a few decades the Persian bureaucracy and professional class was very influential within the Caliphate.

The difference might be in total mortality. Too many Amerindians died from Old World diseases and their know-how was lost.

BTW: " In lieu of taxes, every able-bodied adult male in the Incan Empire was legally required to work for the state for three months per year"

Taxes in form of labour are harder to steal or siphon away, even if local tax authorities are corrupt. This might have been the best tax system in pre-modern era, in this regard at least.
Openpyxl is a great library.
Django have been by bread and butter work for a long time, and I do not really get the point of this.

There are bits I agree with but nothing like enough to be worth losing compatibility with third party packages.
It's a part. Mikrotik says it is manufacturing in Latvia, Lithuania, Malaysia, Vietnam, and China.
This isn't true at all. Getting a Pixel and GrapheneOS running requires no Google account (but does require the internet initially to enable OEM unlocking).

Once GrapheneOS is installed, no further interaction with Google is required. You can happily and easily use a main profile without play services/Gapps (and Graphene allows you to block 'network' at the socket layer if you do need to use apps).

You could then have a 'work' profile or use private space which is isolated from your main profile that uses play services/app store but it is absolutely not required.

It _is_ a learning curve for sure, but I do not feel Google is going out of its way like Microsoft is here to make it burdensome. (In fact, Google is quite welcoming to OEM unlocking unlike some other phone manufacturers)
Isn't it fairly obvious? The Spanish were conquering advanced urbanized civilizations. Seizing the cities and their people was the goal of the entire enterprise. The land was an afterthought.

The British/Americans were settling the territory of primitive tribal nations. Taking over the land was the goal of the entire enterprise. The people were an afterthought.
>The point is that I gain no information from it

No, you do gain information from it: that the function takes an Iterable[Ducklike].

Moreover, now you can tell this just from the signature, rather than needing to discover it yourself by reading the function body (and maybe the bodies of the functions it calls, and so on ...). Being able to reason about a function without reading its implementation is a straightforward win.
And the user-facing feature Smart App Control- https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/security/applicati...
Ask any mainstream U.S. model anything remotely sexual and they all abort. Musk et al. claim they want free speech and no censorship, yet the U.S. evangelicals have their teeth so deep into the tech, that they block it or debank anyone who even remotely suggests women should have a pleasurable sexual experience.
PCIe Endpoint on Xilinx 7-Series FPGAs with PCIe_2_1 Hard Block and GTP
They just released a SOTA model (Gemini 2.5 Pro) that beats all models on most benchmarks, it's a great comeback from the model side but IMO they are less strong on the product side, they pioneered the sticky ecosystem of web app products model, though kinda like the Microsoft Office suite that (originally) had to be downloaded, ironically building on XML HTTP request support the IE5 introduced for Outlook.
I highly doubt it, Windows is known for its stellar backward compatibility. Code signing means a lot of older software, that is still in use, would not be able to install or run. This is not going to happen (at least in the enterprise).
We're most of the way there with the switch to web apps and their native wrappers, even Microsoft isn't using their own UI toolkits anymore.

The only segments left targeting Windows as a platform are games, replacements/extensions to the OS tools, and a bunch of legacy .NET LOB apps. And since the Steam Deck and clones, Wine/Proton are (very) slowly becoming the actual target for games rather than Windows.
> Rust people really are sectarian

literally every anti-rust hero 0.2 ms after they see a thread even just tangentially related to rust
This Global Anti-Scam Alliance website [1] says Americans, Danes and Swiss have the highest average scam amount, at $3520, $3067 and $2980.

But it also says Pakistan lost 4.2% of GDP to scams, vs 0.2% for Italy, Netherlands and France.

It looks like I'd need to register to see more details statistics.

[1] https://www.gasa.org/post/global-state-of-scams-report-2024-...
Absolutely. You should check out the list [1] to see what banking apps are verified working with GrapheneOS. It's worth noting if your banking app isn't on this list it does not mean it will not work.

[1]: https://privsec.dev/posts/android/banking-applications-compa...
It is usually available on Macs. Of course, there is still some specialized software for Windows, e.g. many CADs. But all these things are now marginal. If you are a software engineer and use Windows for your work, you are now a minority.
Wine and it's alternatives have greatly profited from valve going this route and as a result all software runs better. It's a gradual improvement over time and we are past the early stages. I'm still running a gaming PC on windows but that is going to end quite soon if Microsoft keeps doing these things.
We understand that change can be hard. But the article strikes me as a bit self serving and myopic. I seem to remember a distinct lack of compassion from the media when the steel workers and miners were all losing their jobs. The "learn to code" meme started as a flip remark dismissing their plight. Now we have the rust belt.
That number is ridiculously high. I can't read the article because it's paywalled but back on the envelope says thats about $4,000 per adult American per year
Caido – A lightweight web security auditing toolkit
What could be a temporary replacement for starlink for a country? station keeping aerostats?
I've been running the Xfce spin of Fedora for the last year, and it is the most stable OS I have since forever.

For the few programs that really need Windows, I use Qemu/KVM with Virt-Manager and Samba for sharing files.

I wish to keep using this setup, I just hope buying hardware with good Linux support in the future does not become too difficult. I fear moving away from x86 will make things harder.
It’s not my job to think for you, it’s your job to do that. He asked a really low-quality question. It’s like when the fresh-grad dev tells you he can’t figure out his ticket.

…okay? Did you read it? Was there enough info? Where did you get confused? I’m happy to provide clarification, but if he stopped so quickly he couldn’t think of a single way that a social media platform could leverage in-house AI (or vice-versa) and the power that would come from (still, somehow) being one of the foremost social media sites on the planet, then it’s not the time to ask questions, it’s the time to think a bit more.
Show HN: I built a super simple WYSIWYG Markdown Editor
I actually would consider S Mode if it supported steam and it's games. For serious computing I boot into Linux anyways.
Too much fuss with community hacks to maybe get stuff working and end up having wasted time in any case. There is too much garbage to deal with in modern computing already. And some features are just not available with or without hacks.

If I want to use a decent OS, I can do most of my development on Fedora or Arch or some other Linux distro at my workplace.

For proprietary stuff that won't work there, honestly, Windows 11 is not that bad as far as Windows go. I do not get ads, I use a local account without problems and I can do development actually decently with PowerShell, vcpkg, VS Code which Microsoft offers for free and which work on all platforms.

TL;DR: There are hills with a much better view to die on.
Garmin has just introduced paid subscription a few days ago.
The point is you are not going to be allowed to even install windows without an account to make use of the great privilege of using a walled garden app store.

And no one on this forum really needs app store when homebrew exists
Hey everyone!

Launching Slate – a local-first markdown editor you can use right in your browser, no login needed.

1. All your pages are stored in your browser

2. Export as Markdown or PDF effortlessly.

3. Optional login to access AI features and share your pages with a public link.

Try it out and let me know what you think!
Today Google bricked my Chromebook by force-installing a hidden extension
Claude 3.7 Sonnet is still the best LLM for front end development
- Gemini 2.5 Pro is great for the price
- V3 is AMAZING for an inexpensive, open-source, non-reasoning model
- Grok is not that great
- O1-Pro was the worse for this task in terms of cost and efficacy.
Norbert Wiener, AI, and the Power of the State
Norbert wrote the book "Cybernetics". There was a review by Pere Dubarle
which discusses the likely result of Norbert's work in the "far future", aka today.

"For the human processes which constitute the object of government
may be assimilated to games in the sense in which von Neumann has
studied them mathematically. Even though these games have an incomplete
set of rules, there are other games with a very large number of players,
where the data are extremely complex. The machines will define the State as
the best-informed player at each particular level; and the State is the only
supreme coordinator of all partial decisions. These are enormous privileges;
if they are acquired scientifically, they will permit the State under all circumstances
to beat every player of a human other than itself by offering this dilemma: either
immediate ruin, or planned cooperation. This will be the consequences of the
game itself without outside violence. The lovers of the best of worlds have
something indeed to dream of!" (Wiener, Human Use Of Human Beings (1950), p207-208)
The complaint is that a lot of companies have a very shallow and short term sense of self-interest as if they were starved for cash and in a non-positive sum game
Linux struggles with sleep mode sometimes due to Microsoft and Intel pushing S3 into S2idle and motherboard/bios manufacturers doing the absolute minimum to support either.
PS:

Sorry I think I was wrong, had an edit open but failed to submit: I believe that I was thinking of keyboards that did the same (in particular of Cherry keyboards), not Logi mice. The same, and for longer I think, because PS/2 held out so much longer in its keyboard variant. At first because of unreliable (or missing?) USB implementation on BIOS level, then because of lingering distrust.

Where PS/2 continued to exist surprisingly long (perhaps still?): the internal connection from laptop mainboard to touchpad. Not the DIN connector, but the protocol. And as a consequence, the cheapest external touchpads (those riding the efficiency of scale of the much higher volume internal market) had been PS/2 for a surprisingly long time.
I didn't give those examples but stuff was happening during first presidency too (the wall, abortion, Jan 6). And now it keeps happening except more often & worse. Both can be true.
No idea. Maybe it cleared the cache when I asked to enter safe mode. Either way, relying on a cache to get root access doesn't seem right.
Does anyone have an idea if you were to enable wifi and register a MS account exactly what data is being sent to them? Do they send your MAC address? Obviously your IP address and I assume during account creation they would want your phone number/alt email? I can see Windows not being accessible as some places genuinely don't have internet, and if they do, it's heavily restricted. I've also heard if you enter something like "a@a.com" or a banned email during setup it can let you through?

Obviously this is a way of 'legitimizing' consent to data collection and it would be very interesting to see a breakdown of every byte of data MS gets sent (even file explorer communicates with a US IP address).

I genuinely think the EU needs to take a look at this, I would be very surprised it this wasn't abusing their monopoly-like position for mandatory data collection (although, they probably welcome it!).
1. Can it detect duplicates that have different resolution and compression?

2. Does it work in linear time, or square?
So don't do this then? The type system does not have to be sound to be useful; Typescript proves this.
Join us back in the real world with no Trump derangement syndrome and you'll find out that European governments want an airtight control on companies so they can surveil them and people absolutely.

They want narrative control and squashing rising political opposition.
I disagree with this article. Subtyping is what we have in TypeScript and it creates a lot of problems due to covariance.
With great power comes petty actions.
Show HN: A web app that shows toilets near you
Hello HN,
I made a website where you can find toilets nearby on a map. It has data for Germany, Austria and Switzerland.
I fetched the data from openstreetmap with overpass API, cleaned it up and stored it in a supabase DB. In case there was no address, i used nominatim API to geocode it.
Feel free to ckeck it out. Happy for feedback.

Jan
The snarky „just don’t use Exchange, duh!“ doesn’t either. It’s a non-solution that armchair experts provide, who aren’t responsible for managing mailing for lots of people.
Some windows versions have cc certification. Doesn't say much but it ticks the box some people want and call it a day.
You might be thinking of the minor Cloudflare exploit where the attacker can send you a message, then see on which Cloudflare PoP their profile image got cached.
Does it even have control over that? Isn't ChatGPT's voice mode just speech to text and text to speech wrapped around a text model? Unless it specifically has access to pragmas like "stay silent for 4 seconds" which gets communicated to the text to speech part, it's hard to imagine that it'd even have the ability to stay silence for that amount of time.
You’re really scaring me—I also had the impression people are ignoring me, and didn’t even consider their mail simply bounces… I’m so over migrating email again.
If you use the free version, you're basically draining his money.
Box plots are the better default choice for visualizing performance
"Hyperboloid" is a modern name.

Since Archimedes until and including Euler, paraboloids and hyperboloids of 2 sheets were named "conoids" (parabolic conoids and hyperbolic conoids), which makes more sense than "hyperboloid", because they look like rounded cones (Archimedes analyzed only their variants that are surfaces of revolution).

The hyperboloid of 1 sheet has been named by its discoverer (Christopher Wren) as "hyperbolical cylindroid", which is also more suggestive of the shape of this surface.

The change in terminology to paraboloids and hyperboloids was justified by the fact that in the older literature "conoids" and "cylindroids" had been used only for surfaces of revolution, because those with elliptical sections were not discussed before Euler, but this justification fails, because we now also talk about elliptical cylinders and cones, so there the names "cylinder" and "cone" have been retained, even if they also referred strictly to surfaces of revolution in the older literature.

A more consistent terminology would have been to retain the names "spheroid", "cylindroid" and "conoid" that were used in the old literature and add "elliptical" whenever they are not surfaces of revolution, like it has been done for "cylinder" and "cone".
What do you mean by "This is not true"?

Amazon routinely destroy returned items, see the investigation for yourself: https://www.itv.com/news/2021-06-21/amazon-destroying-millio...

> Undercover filming from inside Amazon's Dunfermline warehouse reveals the sheer scale of the waste: Smart TVs, laptops, drones, hairdryers, top of the range headphones, computer drives, books galore, thousands of sealed face masks – all sorted into boxes marked “destroy”.

And you think they'll keep a pair of shoddy trousers? I'm sorry to disappoint you but that's unlikely...
What is the meaning of the word “boxed” in this article? Bit confused about it.
Wow, a breath of fresh air. I read this before I went to sleep, hoping to wake up to some kind of revelation I might share in a comment like this, but no luck. I'm still torn.

I remember writing tests in not very powerful languages like Java in 2005. Back then the idea was that you just need to decouple your objects, add interfaces for everything, and you will reap good design, courtesy of being forced to by TDD. What I usually saw was an overly complex code base with dependency injection and difficult to debug problems at runtime.

This article seems like the natural evolution of this thinking, but turning it around: It's not saying a unit that wants to be tested needs to enable tests. It's saying a unit used by other units needs to support _them_ being tested. Maybe I'm easy to impress, but I find that refreshingly novel, wondering why I never thought of it.

OTOH, with powerful mocking frameworks and more dynamic features even in static languages, the part of the industry I've been a witness to took another turn: Let units do whatever they want, focusing just on what's needed in production, and in order to test them, we'll build an elaborate fake environment for them. The major downside being that people changing a unit need to worry about whatever elaborate fakes _other_ units have created for them in their tests.

So it's coupling vs decoupling production code and tests. The former approach makes it easier to author and maintain test suites. The latter approach makes it easier to reason about production code.

In the last decade or so, I've valued the latter more, despite the drawbacks. With this style, coupling production code and tests is suddenly on the table for me again.
Where / how are you using Gemini 2.5 Pro? I use it via Cline’s Google router but rate limits and MCP tool integration is iffy
Because we’ve already automated everything else. What’s left is work that’s done by specialists.

The entire pitch behind AI is that it can automate these jobs. If you can’t trust it, then AI is useless. Excluding art theft obviously.
So there's no controversy about heat pumps other than

a) opposition to regulations that aim to transition to them,

b) simplistic arguments against them based on upfront cost?

And c) then you flatly state they don't make sense.

And then finally, just as a massive and unnecessary cherry on top, you come up with a wild stabbed-in-the-back/mind-control conspiracy theory to explain why your opinion differs from the experts in Germany (and the rest of the world).
If someone likes Musk, they are not necessarily an idiot. They could also be a sociopath.

Not liking Musk, on the other hand, doesn't really tell anything about a person except for that one fact.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Popa

https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/pap#Etymology_2
I am always confused how someone will fall for the scammer with such poor knowledge of your native language. If you look at the reports from the scams it is always so obvious that they are scams just by looking at the way sentences are structured or the way they speak.

I would expect that easier targets for such scammers would be people who don’t use English as their primary language. Not someone living in US.

It is weird that such things are not an immediate red flags to people. Then again, I have a better grasp on English language than last 3 US presidents so I guess you have to lower your expectations.

I thinks that this is also a reason that Musk, with his ramblings, didn’t reach such cult following here.
I have mad respect for Microsoft engineers for the compatibility work that they've done over the past decades. It is indeed superb that you can take even today an old Win32 executable and run it and it'll just work.

But I expect the new leadership will not put much value on this. I imagine it'd play out that first to "to enhance the security and improve the UX" they'll start a shoving a bunch of nagging dialogs in the users face "this app is not safe" etc.

Then they'll add a flag to enable "unsafe mode" where the user can run unverified / unsigned code.

Then finally they'll just nuke the flag.

After all requiring that the ecosystem with the most "important" apps such as their own office suite, slack, adobe etc. grind out new versions with digital signing is not out of alignment with these companies incentives and development cycles either.

In fact I would not find it surprising if these companies would actually be approached by Microsoft to participate in any such scheme and get offered some kind of "discount" or reward (whether it's app store discount or whatever else) and these companies would only see it strengthening their own moats against any possible competition.

And I'm talking about the consumer use case, not the corporate.
The biggest annoyance is "private" numbers, which are not private anyway just invisible. Some companies still use them, but most are scammers. Really annoying if you have to unblock private numbers because some company does not want to pay for masking their internal numbers with the general number.
I’ve reluctantly come to the view that Apple is the best bet for a consumer to get a somewhat reasonable (price notwithstanding) compromise between hardware vertical integration and software that offers substantial bug bounties and large market incentives to not allow bad vulnerabilities to sit for too long. With deep enough pockets to hang tough if needed in various situations.
You think that matters for them if they have each other and hordes of bootlickers?
Certain cities in countries like Nigeria and Morocco have become fraud “Silicon Valleys” where there’s quite literally tens of thousands of people collaborating and sharing best practices on how best to scam Americans and Europeans. This will only get worse with AI.

When I worked for a certain large inbox provider a few years back, I was astonished at the volume of fraud and phishing attempts that actually originate from these countries. And it’s amazing how centralized it is in certain cities.

Most people have no idea that a significant portion of the local economy in places like Lagos is driven by internet fraud, and due to local corruption it’s nearly impossible to prosecute.

If 100,000 Nigerians were physically pillaging a countries land and stealing physical assets that country historically would immediately go to war. The fact that this doesn’t matter as much since its all digital may need to be re-evaluated now that our financial lives are almost entirely digital. Western countries are going to have to finally put their foot down at some point.
When is the first earnings call after everyone realized Musk was a Nazi?
Hi boat friend!
Maybe grok will help me generate a list of five tasks I did this week?
Most people have better things to do than individually monitoring the underlying banking of insured deposits. And they lack the expertise to do so anyway (I certainly wouldn't know how to accurately price or create a CLO, some complex structured note, swap, CMBS transaction, etc.). That's why we have regulators, and the benefit/cost ratio is phenomenally high.
Open-source MCP servers for every app
Nixbook – user friendly, lightweight, durable, autoupdating OS built on NixOS
Active Record leads to a big ball of mud.

A lot pythonistas who only know Django have no idea that there other ways of building web apps.
The jaq author is working on a formal specification of jq https://github.com/01mf02/jq-lang-spec. I think it has also help that there are several implementations of jq now like, gojq, jaq and jqjq, that has helped finding edge cases and weird behaviours.