skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Learn about higher-order functions, higher-kinded types, parametric polymorphism, and bounded polymorphism.

Except that's not the case because most people know all of those concepts from their main language, and don't know what a monad is.

Higher order functions yup. A function can take a funtion as an argument and correctly assign the argument type (unless C where you can finagle it but it's not first class).

Higher-kinded types? Yup. Prettt much half of "generics". Taking C# that essentially the idea that List<T> is a "type constructor" that allows you to construct a type. If you specify Integer as the T you can say something like List<Integer> and you get a type which is a list of integers.

Parametric polymorphism? Yup. When defining function - for example using List<T>. You can define the implementation of the function using the generic parameter "T" and not have to specify if you are defining the implementation on a list of Integers or a List of String, and the single implementation will work for all of them.

Bounded polymorphism? Yup. Again using C#, you can specify a restring on the "T" type parameter. Instead of saying "T" can be any type at all, you can add a "where" clause that says "T" must implement the ISerializable interface, or it must be a subclass of Foo class.

So most people will read this list. And say "huh, I guess I do already know all of those concepts but by different names." But that doesn't mean they understand Monads conceptually, when to use them nor why. Even if those things are required to read the Monad definition, there is more there.

A rough analogy, but it's like saying people know the visitor or facade design pattern just by reading their type signature. Oh and if instead of having intuitive names their names useless names like "foblax" and "grobalum" design patterns.
> My thesis is that AI will fragment the role of software engineering. It will become a role with a large pool of low-skilled coders who move forward with AI and a few specialists that will unblock those coders when stuck as well as address performance bottlenecks for production-scale.

This sounds like outsourcing on steroids. Joke aside, what the software engineering will become really depends on the growth of the industry. Many people thought that most of the software engineering jobs would be outsourced to India and software engineer as a profession would soon die in the US. It turned out that the investment to software engineering far outpaced outsourcing, and as software engineers we were incredibly lucky to work in this field. The trend will not last forever, though. If it turns out that the growth areas in the world do not require much of novel software engineering, then the demand of this profession will dwindle, and the investment will diminish. As a result, our jobs will be outsourced or replaced by AI to a large degree, as AI is really good at slicing and dicing mature code for mature use cases.
I know this is a political and touchy subject but IMHO the new policies will be a defining moment for the USA and it is relevant for tech as US tech is so successful primarily because can access the whole world as a market and can attract all the talent it needs. The things happening in US is going to break this.

If stuff continues as is, USA will have $1T car company for 350M people, $2T company for search and online ads for 350M people and $3T company that tells tablets and phones to 350M people.

How is this going to work really?

USA is going to be fine overall I guess, the country has huge land and plenty of resources and some of the greatest talent out there but do you really want to change your economy in such a way? It will be painful, you will lose all your unfair advantage. I guess a fairer world is a good thing but why are you doing it?
What are the "least painful" toolchains to set up.

How do they compare to GCC in (a) size and (b) portability.
I never used gmail or Chrome because I didn't want to become dependent on tools controlled by a search and ad company.

I definitely feel now that was the correct instinct.
The law may have changed but at least then you could only do a rollover if you didn't work for the company.
Fuck telemetry. Don't spy on me while telling me it's in my best interest. Don't spy on me at all.
- middleware in the networks not forwarding broadcast messages

- depending on device and application type you not even being able to send broadcast/the OS silently dropping them

- firewall blocking incoming TCP/UDP without hole punching

- p2p in games having security implications (unsafe network stacks, game engine etc. allowing RCEs and similar) so you want to make sure only "more trusted" communication can happen, so TLS is needed, but without actually fully secure p2p TLS is not easy, mainly there are issues with establishing trust (you either have to involve some side channel (i.e. a pin, QR code or similar) or pre-established trust.

The biggest thing is still that as a steam game you have a reliably, proven, easy to use "solution" as part of your normal steam integration which you anyway want to use to be able to use the friend invite system which has the drawback of needing internet for local coop which is niche use-case likely not selling any games. Why would a company implement an additional solution and handle all the UX issues of switching between them?
The text is the worst. The icons are nice and pixely but the fonts are baby butt smooth anti aliased
It’s a seriously dark day in America when our government is weaponizing institutions to target political enemies
A single address space operating system called Fusion¹ implemented in Nim. It currently has the basic building blocks for the kernel. The rest is being built incrementally as time permits. I've also taken the time to document everything I'm doing², which some people found useful.

¹https://github.com/khaledh/fusion

²https://0xc0ffee.netlify.app/osdev
What did React ever do to you?
And to add-on, isn’t there some market dynamics we are avoiding here with this example? If I’m an AI company and really produced a principal level engineer, why would I sell it for less than the labor market is willing to bear? Wouldn’t I price it perhaps less than the market but not so dramatically less as to lose money.
Thank you. Others took it so personally.

Your observation is spot on.
Glad I could help you out there.
I'm not uploading my personal order history to a vibe-coded web app
Bold of you to assume they'll continue to listen after the keyword "fire". In the worst case, they'll actively doubt you and, worse, start doing so in a very public way ("they're just claiming the fire is out").

And yes this shit has happened in the past. Panicked people are uncontrollable and in a critical situation, priority #1 is to avoid panic to rise at all costs because panicked people can turn a critical situation into outright disaster.
Ah you got me I guess, didn't think of the VPN case. It does seem like an asterisk in the grand scheme, especially since the applicability of this tech in LANs is very limited (there's no lag in LAN, and it's already internet in the sense that it uses IP, you would need to consider an ethernet framing tool or a unix socket tool like X11 for truly local-remote protocol), so this would only useful in this network-virtualized VPN ecosystem (and also in scenarios where you want to ensure no third party handles the data, by self hosting the server part of parsec)

What is clear to me is that Parsec belongs to a newer breed of remote tools, inline with TeamViewer and AnyDesk, that primarily respond to the need of post ISP firewall era, where by default ports are blocked, so peerless remote tooling becomes harder to install and administer, these have a client-server-client based architecture. And Parsec builds upon this architecture by placing some secret lag reducing sauce on their Server instead of just authenticating and forwarding.

My guess is that they have a proprietary predictive and interpolation based OS algorithm tightly coupled to the OS UI, and this secret sauce lives and is closed source on their backend, so you would kind of need to host a third server in the middle, maybe we will see a competitor for a VPN niche, or an open source alternative.

If an open source solution arises, I bet that it would require an installation of a server, and it would probably start with X11 or Wayland tight coupling.
mhm. I don't understand why a makefile or a redo file is out of the picture.

Yea if you change something in header or footer build speed matters but when the HTML file is done, it's done.
Either encrypt it such that only the authorized user can read it, or require the authorized user to retrieve it directly. Or don't lead users to expect that you're offering any privacy.

From the user's point of view, authorizing some other user to read something doesn't mean authorizing whoever runs that user's instance to read it. If your protocol has an architectural problem with that, it means you designed your protocol wrong.
Actually, it's more of a sad capitulation to lazy armchair "analysts" and "pundits" who whined incessantly that Apple was "behind on AI," without taking stock of the fact that Apple does not NEED "AI." It does not serve their core businesses, product line, or users.

Instead of loudly jumping on this depressing bandwagon, Apple should have quietly improved Siri and then announced it when it was WORKING.
Because people post repetitive things anyway.

It's not as if one can control these things just by setting rules or asking nicely! The most we can do is influence things around the edges a little.
There's definitely a cultural element to it! Many of my family members--college educated people from Bangladesh, many of them living for decades in Canada and Australia--have been celebrating the overthrow of the democratically elected government in Bangladesh. The result of that was replacing a somewhat authoritarian, but legitimately elected and quite popular,[1] government with a military-backed government nobody elected,[2].

Democracy doesn't come from reading books, it starts with what parents say to their small children. I'm a Bangladeshi married to a founding stock American. My wife was steeped in democracy from the beginning. As a kid, she attended mainline Protestant churches run by elected members of the congregation, and her dad participated in local government and civic organizations. This is so different from the relationship Bangladeshis have with their communities.

[1] About 70% approval according to one western organization's polling from 2023: https://www.cfr.org/blog/new-bangladesh-survey-hasina-remain....

[2] https://foreignpolicy.com/2025/02/05/bangladesh-interim-gove...
As someone who teaches college students, I agree with a lot of this. This sums it up pretty well:

> Students are less respectful of the university experience ---attendance, lateness, e-mails to me about nonsense, less sense of responsibility

The most noticeable dimension for me is this one:

> During the Covid lockdown, faculty bent over backwards in every way we knew how to accommodate students during an unprecedented (in our lifetimes) health crisis. Now students expect that as a matter of routine.

In my experience, no matter what flexibility is given up front (e.g., drop lowest quiz score), there will always be some students who ask for additional accommodations. In particular there seems to be a common belief among students that all deadlines are "soft", and they should be able to turn in any missed work any time before the end of the term. Sometimes they'll expect a late penalty, but it seems like a real shock to many students to be told, "No, if you don't submit the assignment by the deadline, your score is zero."

I taught a little bit online during the pandemic and initially I thought there were some benefits to keeping some things online, but now I'm not so sure. For instance, doing tests online means they don't take up in-class time. But the extent to which people seem willing to cheat or otherwise cut corners has me seriously considering whether I should revert to in-person paper tests.

The article does veer a bit into stuff that seems a bit more questionable to me. Like, I can see not wanting to pay $100 for a textbook --- and this is especially true because students are often jaded by having many classes where they buy a $100 textbook and only need to read a few chapters, so it doesn't seem worth it. Likewise, it seems reasonable to me to provide the lecture slides, although I agree that it's annoying when students pester and pester to get them.

My impression of students' reading and writing abilities is also a more positive than the article author's, although that may be because the school I teach at is more competitive. But it's in the low-level logistics (like attendance) where I see the biggest decline in student behavior.

I should also say that in pretty much every class I teach, there are still a substantial number of engaged and motivated students. It's just that the lower bound for the standard students have for themselves has been lowered even more, and the average has dropped a bit towards that lower bound.
RSS reader through Bluesky custom feeds: https://github.com/tfederman/stroma-news

Bluesky API library spun off from the other project: https://github.com/tfederman/pysky

Haven't really started it yet, but a master list of RSS feeds and the code I used to source them: https://github.com/tfederman/huge-rss-list

And also a new project to fetch all links seen in the Bluesky firehose and gather metadata to build a database of sites and pages at a more granular level than the domain. For example, is account X posting video links from one YT channel or many?
I have heard two of my conservative-leaning family members describe the government as corrupt. My impression is that this was used as justification for voting for Trump. I.e. I don't know that convincing people who voted for Trump that he's corrupt will change things too much.

My current approach is to talk, seeking things we can agree on. Then identify specific items that we disagree on which are worthy of discussion.
Yeah, because that Maps launch went so well.
China Miéville says we shouldn't blame science fiction for its bad readers
Something like this has been on my mind for a while now -- take the useful, positive elements from across the socials (network of connections, media sharing, events, etc) and create mini-nets that let people who want to, stay in touch.

How do you envision onboarding? Do I join, and then try to convince a handful of people to join as well?
> France is on their fifth republic, because the previous four republics failed.

I don’t think that is really fair on France - many of those failures were due to defeats in war - for example, the Third Republic didn’t “fail”, it was conquered by Nazi Germany - and when it was liberated, the French decided to take the opportunity to rewrite their constitution, but I think that was a choice rather than something they were forced into.

And the Fifth Republic was engineered by de Gaulle given the opportunity of the 1958 coup attempt. If de Gaulle had unexpectedly died of a heart attack in 1957, the Fourth Republic might have survived. Probably the 1958 coup attempt would still have occurred even absent de Gaulle - but neither its success nor failure would have necessitated a rewrite of the constitution (as opposed to maybe just some tweaks), although certainly it could have resulted in one. Even de Gaulle didn’t have to rewrite the constitution, he decided he wanted to and was handed the opportunity to get what he wanted, but maybe in some alternative timeline he didn’t feel as strongly about that and so the constitutional rewrite never happened

Why didn’t the American Civil War result in a rewrite of the US constitution? Probably because the Union had a clear and convincing victory. If the Union had lost, or if the war had turned into a stalemate, much greater odds the US constitution would not have survived it - a less-defeated Confederacy might have negotiated reintegration into the Union subject to a constitutional rewrite; if the Confederacy had won and retained its independence, the Union might well have decided to write a new constitution in response.
> It will be incredibly lucrative to be one of the "ones who knows" in the relatively near future.

I'm not so optimistic on this if AI prevails. Think about the chip industry. It's an incredibly challenging field for only the top few to truly understand the art of chip design, yet even the top engineers may not necessarily have the same "lucrative" packages compared to the software engineers in the same percentile, let alone the pay of industry average.

In the end, it is the supply and demand that determines our packages. AI can suppress demand to the point that the entire industry needs fewer senior engineers than now, and we will then be paid less accordingly.
401k covers more people than pensions ever did. For your kids invest in a 529 and make sure they get on the college path in school. the general poorer class has never had good retirement options. a good degree (there are many bed degrees) goes a long way.
I don’t believe either is the primary driver of modern UI design. Cynical as it may be, I think the only things that get any level of thought are:

1. Which design is most effective at steering the most users to the most lucrative actions

2. What looks good in screenshots, presentations, and marketing

The rest is tertiary or an afterthought at best. Lots of modern UI is actually pretty awful for those mentioned bottom of the bell curve users and not much better for anybody else in terms of being easy to use or serving the user’s needs.

Proper use of analytics might be of assistance here, but those are also primarily used to figure out the most profitable usage patterns, not what makes a program more pleasant or to easy to use. They’re also often twisted or misused to justify whatever course of action the PM in question wants to take, which is often to degrade the user experience in some way.
Just working through @munificent's excellent Crafting Interpreters book. I am currently plugging away at the end of the tree walking interpreter section (add your own feature).

https://craftinginterpreters.com/

https://github.com/svieira/crafting-interpreters
Xiaofeng Wang
AI can be scaled so a company can increase productivity while cutting headcount. The limiting factor here is available compute and its price.
Oh, also I'm thinking making a little tool so when craiglist emails you for a saved search it deduplicates it before forwarding it to a chat app. My parents would find it very helpful as they still use craigslist a lot but the duplicate notifications for listings really annoys them.
AI email assistant https://apps.apple.com/us/app/email-agent/id6740051485

Google Firebase mobile client
https://apps.apple.com/us/app/littlefire-firebase-mobile/id6...
I guess, but I thought the selling point of parsec is that it reduces lag (or hides it).

This would make sense in VPN environments though.
I agree to some extent. A wild one to me is how schools will limit the number of classes you can take and/or pressure you to graduate on time even if it means choosing a major before you're really ready. That seems like a surefire way to kill any interest in exploring knowledge and replace it with a focus on mechanical box-checking.
We’re leveraging ssh certificates which are backed by keys stored in a variety of hardware. For yubikeys we’re leveraging piv and the standard ssh tooling. We’re determining whether we’ll be able to use a pkcs11 implementation for TPMs and Secure Enclave or whether we’ll need to build a custom agent.
The Value of Optionality in TF
> one version of a Samsung device that had problems

The best GTA mod: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0IVk8PsSgEI
Yeah. I was coming here to state this. It is working.

It's surprising that this isn't done everywhere.

Note, kids from year 4 (9 years old) in many parts of Australia do have a Chromebook.
I've recently started writing a series of blog posts (https://rebeccaskinner.net/posts/2024-10-18-dictionaries-are...) trying to explain the idea and my approach has been to explain the idea using comprehensions. I haven't had a lot of people review the post yet, and I still have at least one if not two more follow-ups before it's done, so I'm not yet sure how well the idea will land.
Can't play, even the low spec one. Screenshots, or a better readme would go a long way
As AI Takes His Readers, a Leading History Publisher Wonders What's Next
Adam Atkinson – The Heavy Boots Story [video]
Not usually, that's considered an potential attack vector I believe. You're looking to minimize information leakage.
Can Style Be Timeless?
Being a student should not make one immune from deportation.
Kagi Orion browser:

https://kagi.com/orion/

https://blog.kagi.com/orion-features#Extension_support
I do, and I do so with the knowledge that this is a responsibility that has been placed on me, and others, by the gifts that have been given to me. I help others and contribute to society, as is my duty, and I expect others to do the same. I also expect the same responsibility, trustworthiness, and honor of those who have been given power.
Is it really just authentication? I thought the whole screen data was passed through an intermediate server, but I can see how a peer 2 peer system would be more efficient. I can't imagine the wonky NAT hacks that need to take place though.
Following that closing analogy: it's not only a foreign "guest" or person in your house that protests, many of the people in your house protest in the same or a more aggresive way. But the person doing it by writing a critique is the problem "in your house"? inconsistent reasoning.
One of many policies that is detrimental. One thing that does not seem to be on tech's radar at the moment is what it could mean if Trump withholds US funding from WTO (https://borderlex.net/2025/03/27/alarm-bells-in-geneva-as-us...) and it's implications per TRIPs: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43490291
I'm just drawing stuff, including a comic book about a future run by horrible AIs that find they get the best response from humans when they present as horrible, unctuous clowns.

http://egypt.urnash.com

If you have lots of money to burn and want to support a queer artist in the Gulf South, I have a Patreon.
I bought a 150 year old house. Need I say more?
Yes. Most auth systems do to the developer - GCP & AWS IAM give particularly detailed errors; nearly every feature/permission system I have implemented did. However, it wouldn't be unusual for the full error to be wrapped or swallowed by some lazy error handling. Its a bit of a PITA but well worth it to translate to a safe and informative user facing error.

as a nit; RBAC is applied to an object based permissions system rather than being one. Simply, RBAC is a simplification of permission management in any underlying auth system.
Seriously, what is the difference between USA and China?

When china used to disappear people for politics, there was a lot of gloating about how the west is better, America is better.

But is there any difference any longer? America is so close to a fascist single party that is just doing things by dictatorship and zero accountability or transparency. What is the difference?
> Success is not the absence of vulnerability, but introduction, detection, and response trends.

Don’t forget limitation of blast radius.

When shit hits the proverbial fan, it’s helpful to limit the size of the room.
You don't have to upload shit. It's all processed locally and there's source code available.

Are you in the wrong forum?
Now do a project with multiple files.
No, that's not possible due to conservation of angular momentum. Only tidal effects can transfer some of it to the sun.
If America really doesn't want all that foreign talent, ... we in other countries surely will not mind.
When you shelter your children from the world to an extreme degree, you end up getting one of the most popular stories in both Europe and Asia for the last 2500 years:

https://theconversation.com/how-the-buddha-became-a-christia...