skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
bknd would be the "backend part" of your application, managing the schema, exposing REST APIs to access it, secure it, handling media uploads.

The database (postgres, libsql, d1, etc.) is hosted as usual. Fullstack frameworks like Next.js, Remix, Astro, etc. would run bknd on the server side exclusively.

But I see the issue. I should've written "inside your fullstack app" – my bad!
I read the article on archive and figured there was a big chunk missing. It really does not make any sense.

Sutskever and Murati were methodical, they waited until the board was favorable to the outcome they wanted, engaged with board members individually laying the groundwork... and then just changed their mind when it actually happened!?
Yes, and just like anti-trust law doesn’t make monopolies illegal, it’s not the self-dealing that’s illegal, it’s the abuse of the process (as you say).
Rhai looks somehow more OO, and is somehow conceptually bigger, with function overloading, operator overloading, currying, etc. Koto looks more like FP an stream processing, with pervasive anonymous functions, very simple data structures, and an emphasis on iterators.

Rhai also offers some safety guarantees: no panics, no stack overflows, etc. Rhai seemingly requires slightly less ceremony when interfacing with Rust: direct use of many things, as opposed to implementing a trait to interact with Koto.

(Disclaimer: I spent 5 minutes skimming the docs of each.)
I agree, people don't want to manually add all MCP servers they want to connect to. I think we're headed in a direction where dynamic tool discovery will be important. E.g. I want to do "x" which requires doing "y" and "z". The client or server should then search for the tools (or agents as tools) that can do the job. So this would basically be a semantic search for which tools are most likely to do the job, then use those tools, and search for more tools if it needs to. RAG for tools, essentially. I wrote an article on how to give ChatGPT unlimited functions a year ago, where I implemented this method.

I basically created a vector database for functions, and created the store based on the tool description, then added the tool definition as metadata. Then for every request I ran a lookup for tools, added them to the tools list. Since tool definitions are added to the context we would have to do something like this at some stage when we want to implement a lot of tools.

https://blogg.bekk.no/function-retrieval-add-unlimited-funct...
I agree, just saying, ChatGPT was a quantum leap, too. That's why it has all the consumer mindshare.
thanks for sharing this, just donated too.

I read thru Plain's doc, it is not bad at all, but I really hope Django can be much better than it is now.
In any case sounds like you dodged a bullet :-)
Always has been https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutocracy#United_States
No, it's like doing a drag race with a formula 1 car against a mini but the mini is on a street and the formula 1 car is on a dirt strip. If you want to compare military power, you would have to look at "Who would win in equal situations", not "Who won a 1 vs 1 with different starting situations".

If you had to perform a military action and had to pick either the taliban or the US military to be your military to use, would you ever pick the taliban?

The only reason they had a chance was because of external factors, not the power of the military itself.
... and letting them sell to China, if only to piss off the White House
I have notebook that supports everything (TPM 2.0). The only excuse is that the CPU is allegedly a generation too old, which only makes sense for servers.

That 100% pushed me to wipe Windows from all of my computers, except for my company-issued notebook.

I haven’t noticed a difference (if anything, everything is faster).
Opportunity cost is what the business can earn by investing in something else, usually something less risky than what the business is doing. If the business cannot earn more than the opportunity cost, it's a losing investment.

Businesses often use an opportunity cost of around 14%, so if the business is earning only 10%, then they are losing 4%.

For example, if you start a risky venture that earns 2%, when you could invest the money safely in bonds at 5%, it doesn't make sense to do the risky venture.

It's not an "attitude", it's maximizing the use of the money.
Why couldn’t they release the evidence? At least some of it is here in the article, and it’s damaging to Sam but not particularly damaging to the company. If Murati demanded they release the evidence, why refuse?
It can be if you want it to be https://github.com/ayrtonm/psx-sdk-rs
> You are delusional, if you think the USAF can bomb any target in any airspace without losing the plane.

You're delusional if you don't think that. You could just launch a few dozen cruise missiles at the target and at least one will make it through.
I spent hundreds of hours 20 years ago playing Kung Fu Chess[1], which was the (first?) online version of this concept. That was a fun time.

The physical board and magnets definitely add a cool factor to it as does the physical dexterity element. Nice project!

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kung-Fu_Chess
> Edge-Optimized

I frequently use pocketbase because I love its extensibility and simplicity. Is this product like pocketbase but you can edge-deploy it? (i.e more infinitely scalable?)
Nowadays, even the definition of an "epoch" is not well defined. Traditionally it meant a pass over the entire training set, but datasets are so massive today that many now define an epoch as X steps - where a step is a minibatch (of whatever size) from the training set. So 1 epoch is a random sample of X minibatches from the training set. I'd guess the logic is that datasets are so massive that you pick as much data as you can fit in VRAM.

Karpathy's Zero To Hero series also uses this.
Regardless of the small print attempting to absolve the provider of any responsibility for anything (as such companies like to do) it does still sound like they have behaved unreasonably and made a bad situation worse by not being more collaborative with the customer.

Having seen unnecessarily unhelpful behaviour like this before, it is infuriating and deserves to be called out.

I will say that the OP seems to have a possibly unrealistic expectation on who is responsible for security. It is very rarely quite as binary as it seems to be being described. I could be wrong, not knowing all the details…

Regardless, it still sounds like Hostinger have done very little to help.
People said similar things about Facebook. "Oh their user growth might be amazing, but they're not making any money, it's not a real business."

But it turns out that with enough funding, you can prioritize growth over profit for a very long time. And with enough growth, you can raise unlimited funds before you get to that point. And going this route is smart and effective if you want to get to a $1T valuation in under a decade.

So yeah, ChatGPT's margins might not be as high as Facebook's. But it doesn't really matter at this point, they're in growth mode. What matters is whether or not they'll be able to turn their lead and their mindshare into massive profits eventually, and while we can speculate on that, it's far too early to definitively say the answer is no.
Paradox of Purpose: The myth of starting with why
I'm out of the frontend field - what would be common ways to handle CSS namespacing these days?
DPBloomfilter: Securing Bloom Filters with Differential Privacy
> Given how openly hostile the United States is to the European Union (and will continue to be for at least the next 4 years), it would be extremely foolish for the EU to continue to go along with the US' chip war against China.

China is just as much a threat to European companies and European interests as it is to American interests.

Trump and his foolishness aside, it's high time Europe wakes up and realizes China is already at war with us - in fact, it has been at war with us for well over a decade. China systematically undercuts our industries with slave labor and sharting on their environment (not that I'd care too much about smog in China, that's their business, but I do care when our industry can't compete because we actually want to protect our environment), China deploys organized hacker campaigns against us or outright buys up our companies to extract knowledge and know-how - and we've bent over for way too long. We haven't even ever insisted on reciprocity in market access ffs!
Nile Auth – open-source multi-tenant auth
...with VirtualBox hosting Windows XP...and airgapped. :-)
That seems completely sane and fair
I am using apprise for several years. It works but have few drawbacks:

-no login, almost no security

-sometimes it does not works and there are no logs to see what exactly happens.

-secret storage is very bad

Ntfy I will check thanks.
Sort of but
1. You can still have an OS without an Apple ID, it just sucks
2. When you buy an Apple device, you did the research and know “the deal”. Microsoft doesn’t market devices that way, they want to work on every device and control it at the software level.
3. I trust Apple more, they are somewhat regularly in trouble for not giving out the keys to my data. When’s the last time Microsoft fought the FBI for access to a surface device ?
Richard Zach et al. logic textbooks are a work of art: https://slc.openlogicproject.org.

Aside, I'd be happy to pay for great classic math textbooks in a well typeset edition.

Finite Dimensional Vector Spaces is one such example. The text is fantastic, but everything is too cramped and hard to read compared to a modern book from the 1970s onward.

A newer edition typeset in LaTeX would be great.
What's the ratio between xAI and X valuations? Same as the ratio between leprechauns and unicorns.
In Chinese Windows, Desktop has been officially translated as literal table top since at least Windows 95. I don't see the issue here XD
If you are making sandboxes, you need to put the files in place each time. With ZFS clones, you can keep referencing the same files repeatedly, so the amount of changes to memory needed to create an environment are minimized. Let’s say the sandbox is 1GB and each clone operation does less than 1MB of memory writes. Then you have a >1000x reduction in writing needed to make the environment.

Furthermore, ZFS ARC should treat each read operation of the same files as reading the same thing, while a sandbox made the traditional way would treat the files as unique, since they would be full copies of each other rather than references. ZFS on the other hand should only need to keep a single copy of the files cached for all environments. This reduces memory requirements dramatically. Unfortunately, the driver has double caching on mmap()’ed reads, but the duplication will only be on the actual files accessed and the copies will be from memory rather than disk. A modified driver (e.g. OSv style) would be able to eliminate the double caching for mmap’ed reads, but that is a future enhancement.

In any case, ZFS clones should have clear advantages over the more obvious way of extracting a tarball every time you need to make a new sandbox for a Python execution environment.
Do you bring your own silverware when you go to restaurants? Washing the clothes should suffce
IMO it's not much added work. In KDE you can navigate to settings and edit flatpak permissions, and flatpaks are available to download via discover. I haven't noticed any weirdness for firefox or chrome.
There’s a pedagogical reason to teach things with a kind of reductive definition. It makes a lot of sense.

I remember getting cornered by somebody in a statistics class and interrogated about whether I thought neural networks were statistical techniques. In that situation I’ll only answer yes, they are statistical techniques. As far as I can tell, a big chunk of what we do with machine learning is create complicated models with a large number of parameters. We’re not creating something other than statistical models. We just draw a kind of cultural line between traditional statistics and machine learning techniques.

Now that I think about it, maybe if you asked me about the line between traditional statistics and machine learning, I would say that in traditional statistics, you can understand the parameters.
which is only possible with platforms like bluesky/mastodon/… which are decentralized but of course they have their own issues… I deleted all my social media accounts once I realized that nothing good can come from it and it is one of the roots of current insanity that is our society (especially USA but it is spreading…)
Billionaire and Oscar winner make documentary about investing
> People have been trying to bypass CUDA and even PTX for a long time

i swear it's so funny when people talk about this stuff like it's all weird/surprising. y'all realize that there are hundreds (thousands?) of engineers across FAANG whose full time job is optimizing CUDA/ROCm/whatever code for their team/org/company's specific workloads? like do y'all think that serious shops really just go with whatever the vendor gives you? ie none of this is in the least surprising - it's completely expected that whatever the vendor designs generically for the entire market segment will fail to achieve peak perf for your use case.
The answer to such attempts at nationalisation is poison pill clauses.
Yep – I've been using Django since 2007. The big win used to be the admin, ORM, database migrations... but now oddly enough a lot of that has become a pain. I'm someone who knocks small solutions together for fun or to scratch and itch, so I'm looking for low maintenance. The problem I need solved has shifted and now Django is too much boilerplate (APIs and models are perhaps too distant as concepts), and too much maintenance work. Auth is perhaps underemphasised as an area for improvement. The built in auth isn't really fit for purpose anymore, and the various extensions for federation / passkeys take work to integrate and change a lot.

None of this is to write off Django or the people who've worked on it: I'm genuinely grateful for the framework. It's let me build open source things that help people out. The typical problems most of us standing up small-to-medium solutions need solved by a backend have just shifted underneath the framework, and it hasn't had the resourcing to keep up.

I've been looking at Pocketbase as a replacement. I think I'd prefer something that uses Postgres rather than sqlite, but it's pretty awesome as a solution for those two or three day projects, and the maintenance burden looks like it's pretty low on an ongoing basis.
So, like China, where the state takes over whatever company it feels like?
> Normally you would need to take a vaccine one or two times, in a span of several years or even just one time in your life, and then you trained your imune system against the pathogen.

That's an incomplete understanding.

If you really want to understand vaccines, you need to start by understanding our immune system, because every vaccine platform interacts with it.

Basic primer links, in order of increasing verbosity. Note that all of these are first-semester, undergraduate-level understandings of the topic for people who actually develop drugs. The details get much more complex.

[0] https://www.cedars-sinai.org/blog/why-vaccine-boosters.html

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279364/#_i2225_whichpa...

[2] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4590614/

> With mRNA vaccines, you are not really protected against the pathogen, you are still vulnerable, although supposedly less.

You are protected against the pathogen, because you're generating the same targeted antibodies as other vaccine platforms stimulate.

Also, that mRNA injections are inherently consumed by the immune system as part of their function is specifically what increases mRNA vaccines' safety profile, as opposed to other vectors (e.g. carrier viral). [0]

The fact that boosters are needed has nothing to do with mRNA being used as a vaccine platform, but is instead a characteristic of the virus being targeted -- if you made a measels vaccine using an mRNA platform, it would also be a once-lifetime vaccine. (Because measels isn't as liable to mutate as flu-type viruses)

Why isn't that done? Because mRNA platforms are newer, and we've already figured out effective vaccines for the more "easy", less mutating viruses of consequence.

[0] https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/i...

> I find it suspicious that there is so much opposition to people that are sceptical about it.

Because (a) COVID was a worldwide pandemic, (b) during that pandemic certain people used vaccine skepticism for political gain (whether or not it had any factual basis), and (c) there are people (RFK Jr) who make a substantial amount of money by talking/writing about vaccine skepticism.

The annoyance and hostility towards those making bad faith arguments for personal gain are less to do with closing down discussion and more to do with judging people who actively harm public health.

Or to put it another way, if RFK Jr knew that measels vaccinations would stop the outbreak in Texas, do you think he would say so?
I'm really curious how these insights might apply to other internet media (mediums?). Similar principles at play for YouTube videos? Audio-only podcasts? I'm only halfway through the post but really excited to think of how this might extrapolate to other formats.
AI Energy Use in Everyday Terms
Microservices was a sort of drop in the bucket point in time moment of 2015-2016 and the term lingers on for a description for what is services development. It's a step change to what SOA was and then Lambda and serverless became the next exploding function after that. There is still definitely merit to that type of development, but within the right context and scale of organisation. See, microservices and services development in general solve organisational problems first, not technical. Breaking out the hot paths in your code to separate services logically only gets you 10 services at best. But when your engineering org is tens if not hundreds of teams, the cross functional dysfunction becomes very apparent and that's where APIs, services and microservices do well. I think like all hot shiny trends, it was taken to an extreme by a lot of people or touted as the hammer to solve all problems. In reality, it best serves orgs bigger than 200 people and scaling rapidly. As someone who spent a decade working on microservices tech, I can vouch for the exhaustion at this point and the desire to go back to a more macro/monolith type of development. Yet still, I understand when and where microservices play a role, the key being, its an evolutionary architecture, you don't just "do" microservices, your org evolves in that direction, and then standardisation plays a huge role. Hence why I wrote a framework for it -> https://go-micro.dev
I find it quite interesting that while vector instructions are present every other sort of "hardware level grouping" (wave, SIMD, thread) is hidden from the programmer. Why would vector instructions be the only thing the programmer ought to care about?

I wonder if there's untapped potential in a GPU language which made all of those implicit classes explicit in code, now that we've sort of stabilized on them. It wouldn't allow you to do anything that you can't already do with clever optimizations and a profiler, but it could have the potential to make the optimizations clearer.

In general I'm very curious as to why we don't have any new languages that are better aligned with current hardware. For some reason we collectively decided that it was more fun to make everything general, which is especially unfortunate considering the real world got increasingly homogeneous. Compiling to some intermediate language makes no sense when you're only ever going to run on x86 anyway.
"I can’t believe people didn’t stay on Windows 7."

Microsoft forced Win10 down people's throats. I had all of my machines Windows Update processes turned off and somehow it STILL got onto my systems. I suspect Skype was the mechanism through which Microsoft did this, as they owned Skype then and I still used it.
To cause political change by making the population afraid to support one political party.
They also had really good maths and other useful things. They actually did what many in the West many wanted. Their education wasn't bad, learning wrong history isn't really that economically relevant.

But yeah, if the economy can't use those people its just not effective.
No I call judgement a logical process of assessment.

You have an amount of material that speaks of the endeavours in some sport of some "Michael Jordan", the logic in the system decides that if a "Michael Jordan" in context can be construed to be "that" "Michael Jordan" then there will be sound probabilities he is a sportsman; you have very little material about a "John R. Brickabracker", the logic in the system decides that the material is insufficient to take a good guess.
I'm not gatekeeping whether they are allowed to enjoy or talk about poetry.

I am ABSOLUTELY gatekeeping whether their opinion should hold weight when opining on the trajectory of a millenia-old art form.
Algebraic subtyping and structured typing are not the same thing. Algebraic subtyping is a specific approach to type inference and checking of subtyping, which may or may not be used with structural types.
I have to say, the examples are really good: https://github.com/restatedev/examples

For someone (me) who is new to distributed systems, and what durable execution even is, I learned a lot (both from the blog post & the examples!). thanks!

ChatGPT also helped :)
>SpaceX launches NASA astronauts which means that they also need to comply to the same standards

Sorry, this is false. When NASA engineers have raised the question of non-adherence to NASA standards by CCP contractors, they were told it wasn’t their role to dictate those kinds of requirements. You can see this in a number of mishaps, like when a strut failure resulted in a lost rocket because they didn’t want to follow well-established and codified aerospace supply chain quality standards. NASA is buying a service with CCP, not a product. This says nothing of the political requirements NASA must work through that contractors do not.

>The statement that NASA would have achieved reuse eventually is weird considering that NASA still exists today, 35 years later, without succeeding.

NASA does, but that NASA VTOL rocket program was cancelled in 1996. My point was that the tech was feasible for NASA, but not a priority.
The concept of industrial decline and loss of manufacturing isn't limited to the rust belt. You dragged that in with you in your haste to well actually someone and if you actually -read- my comment you'll see I advanced no claims at all about it. Parenthetically what's your level of exposure to manufacturing in the US? Ever had a job making stuff?
I think we are definitely in agreement.

It can be hard to determine when something should be a service or library and I don't know if I have a clear answer either.

We also have, for example, libraries that purely compute data. However, they have to be consistent across the system and it would actually be pretty helpful if they were a microservice instead as the computations often need to be changed or updated.

Perhaps when it's business logic it should be a service?

I definitely see the need for libraries like compression, IO help, or even just pure math like doing matrix multiplication where older ways to compute aren't necessarily incorrect.
The people working there generally enjoy their lives in Europe and generally aren't looking to move - that's to appease shareholders.

> What's next slavery for key industries?

Corporate slavery is fine by me. Corporate entities have no inherent rights and trying to evoke the enormous human misery of real slavery to shut down calls for corporate regulation is both transparently disingenuous and morally reprehensible.