skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Show HN: Charm – A Toy Assembler for ARMv7
Hello HN,

I wrote a tiny assembler and I thought that some of you might find it neat.

Charm is an assembler for the ARMv7 ISA (the old 32 bit one). It implements around 20 instructions, a few preprocessor directives and it can generate simple ELF executable files. It has enough features that you can write simple programs with it.

Charm is implemented in a single C file of around 1800 lines of code, and it doesn't need any dependencies: compilation is just `cc charm.c -o charm`, though you'll need a recent compiler because it uses some C23 features.

Usage is just `./charm hello.S hello`, it doesn't generate object files: it just goes straight to an executable. You can run the program on a normal ARM Linux machine without doing anything special.

I wrote Charm for fun, and not for any serious purposes. I was originally working on a hobby operating system and thought it could be cool to technically have a way of writing new programs without relying on an external system.
Some of us do! I get fewer problems at home on W7 than at work on W10/11.

- Printers: the W7 cohort probably overlaps with users of classic HP Laserjets (I know it's not just me!).

- Chrome: Supermium adds W7 support back into the latest(ish) version.

- SSL/TLS: does such an issue exist on W7? It's exactly what pushed my mother (at the age of about 65, and hating having to learn anything new) to upgrade to 11 from XP a year or so ago. I do all my Internet banking on W7, via several different banks as I often move around chasing the best interest rates, and never had a problem with any of them. (Vivaldi, Supermium, Firefox 115ESR.)

- Some software such as Adobe XD: yeah, unfortunately it's not supported. Depends how much it's needed I suppose. I may be forced to "upgrade" sometime this year but I'd really rather not.
I'm all aboard this, in fact it's how I like to write my "unit" tests, but still I'm unsure about this nullable and test code with prod.

What I do is I simply mock as little as possible (leaf nodes such as timers, remote calls, sometimes RDBMS/filesystem, ...). But I'm not sure what embedding the mock in the prod code gains you? I wonder if part of it is down to the language used?

For instance it says "Put the stub in the same file as the rest of your code so it’s easy to remember and update when your code changes.". Maybe it's because they're using a dynamic language? I'm using C++, so any change in interface will fail to compile the mock, making this less important. You could change the behaviour whilst keeping the same interface, but it's very rare in my experience (and definitely should be avoided).

Nullable I could see some values in some cases where you also want to be able to disable a functionality in prod. But in that case you have a function in the interface to turn it off, so you might as well use that. I can see where using Nullable in construction avoids having to expose this method through the whole dependency tree, but at the same time you lose the ability to dynamically turn in on/off.
And if you're on a foreign student on visa, you better not write anything critical of federal policy, as otherwise you might be arrested on the street; surveillance video:

* https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/federal-immigration-aut...
> but it’s not some evil data slurp.

Not yet anyway. We’ve just seen Amazon change how all Echo’s/Alexa’s operate. It has been local-only for years and years, but now they want the audio data, so they’ve changed the Terms of Service. There’s no reason to believe Google won’t do the same thing sometime in the future.
How to Run Deepseek-V3-0324 Locally
ACOUP was right it seems. Not only can Bret dissect siege warfare in popular culture, he was capable of seeing the obvious.

https://acoup.blog/2024/10/25/new-acquisitions-1933-and-the-...
The Real Story Behind Sam Altman’s Firing From OpenAI
I much prefer CachyOS
I yearn for the day when people will stop considering the main advertising bullet point feature that their software was written in Rust. Rust 1.0 was released a decade ago, plenty of time for its alleged technical advantages to become apparent.

It's like a handbag whose main claim to being a premium product isn't workmanship or materials, but that it has Gucci on its side.
Snyder was regularly posted on HN on his subject matter. HN used to consider him someone worth reading.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10210327 ("Understanding Hitler’s Anti-Semitism (theatlantic.com)" (2015), 59 comments)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41583725 ("Timothy Snyder on How the Collapse of the Soviet Union Took America by Surprise (lithub.com)" (2024), 87 comments)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33104723 ("How does the Russo-Ukrainian War end? (snyder.substack.com)" (2022), 88 comments)

https://hn.algolia.com/?q=timothy%20snyder

And a few more here (Algolia search censors things that were flagged),

https://news.ycombinator.com/from?site=snyder.substack.com
Arch has many other benefits, like Pacman arguably being nicer to use than e.g. APT, and AUR having a wider range of easily installable packages than even Ubuntu PPAs, and less patching of upstream packages.

Manjaro just makes it more approachable for people who don’t want to set it up themselves, similarly to what Ubuntu did to Debian.
https://archive.is/xP4N1
Whatever one may think about them, "protests, cancellation or boycotts" are not anywhere close to being governmental actions as those discussed here, so I would not call that "already happened" with "slightly different means".
There's only one "other side" in this, it's the American people.
Are you following events and making highly speculative judgements or can you see evidence this is the direction Trump is headed?

Its just crazy. Are they seriously going to bully current allies and start wars with them?
The responses are the usual "just use this thing I'm familiar with and it's really easy" nonsense.
Three professors from Yale who study fascism are leaving to go to the University of Toronto (Canada):

* https://yaledailynews.com/blog/2025/03/27/three-prominent-ya...
In other words, tech companies have lost the benefit of doubt.

That's what a decade of enshittification gets them.
Obligatory https://manjarno.pages.dev/
We are all rapidly aging and pretty much no-one is bringing in anywhere near enough net contributing migrants to offset this.

What the immigration argument overlooks is domestic migration, particularly urbanization. It's zero sum for sure and rural communities will be hollowed out but I think there's a real possibility that they'll be able to soak up much of the excess capacity in the coming decade.

Urbanization massively increases productivity, reduces infrastructure costs etc. There's a real economic beauty to scale. Downside it suppresses fertility even further.

Elder care will be a real nightmare though, but the Chinese elders are willing to accept far more modest conditions and outcomes than their western counterparts. Confucian values for better or worse really help here.

It could go either way at this point.
> This had already happened for a long while in the US, it just used slightly different means like protests, cancellation or boycotts, just the victims were from the other side.

It sounds like this is viewed as revenge? The trend of using state power as revenge against groups one doesn't like is problematic and can be escalatory. As it escalates, eventually groups will fear the loss state power and that can lead to the end of democracy.
> Even a 1% chance of being denied entry or shipped to a detention centre is too high.

Yes. As someone else remarked online, there is a world of difference between an effectively zero chance of this terrible outcome, and a non-zero chance.

It's a change in kind not in degree, and people will react to that.
Come to Europe and join your local army reserve! Hard for non citizens though.
I used it for a few years recently and it was just fine. I had to switch to fedora when my company wanted to try some remote management software, as arch wasn't supported. The day to day difference in stability was identical.
I agree, but business won't leave it there. Will you be as comfortable if people in India or China use helpful technology to clear up your confusing accent if you hoped to learn another language? I have never seen a technology stay in the box we want it to. What I have seen is tech foisted onto society without a second thought as to the impact.

Clear communication is a laudable goal. But I fear what might be lost in the ruthless pursuit of it.
What is a Culture War?
While that may be technically correct I don't think it's actually correct. Just because it doesn't violate the 1st amendment doesn't mean it doesn't violate free speech.

Democracy isn't just a form of government, it is also a type of society. Part of being a democratic society is that people are generally able to respectfully express themselves without fear of being punished for unpopular opinions.
Not a git guru, but I love this.
Yes, NZ does. The Consumer Guarantees Act is pretty strong - goods must work for a "reasonable period", which is similarly not defined but has generally been upheld as you'd hope by the courts. Companies can't contract out of it.
Neanderthal did it. A splinter ground survived for tens of thousands of years with no interaction with the bulk of Neanderthal society.
As AI's power grows, so does our workday
> Are you following events and making highly speculative judgements or can you see evidence this is the direction Trump is headed?

Here is a recent New York Times major article titled:
"How Trump’s ‘51st State’ Canada Talk Came to Be Seen as Deadly Serious"

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/07/world/canada/trump-trudea...

Here is NBC News headline:

"Trump's quest to conquer Canada is confusing everyone: President Donald Trump increasingly links a trade war to his push to annex America's northern neighbor."

https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/donald-trump/trump-quest-co...

The underlying issue is that it makes sense from a long-term economic standpoint if you ignore everything else. Canada has tons of resources and even more land which will get more valuable as the world warms. Argicultural regions may shift northward if there is significant warming and that could hurt the US and benefit Canada. So strategically there is logic.

The main complicating factor is that Trump can be quite erratic in his views, so it may just shift off of his plate and he focuses on something else if we are lucky.
I wonder if the author considered pgLite as a layer on top of IndexedDB?

Full postgres querying, and you could even share indexes across devices if you did something with ElectricSQL and a central server.
> What happened to "they hate us for our freedom"?

The hate is still there, but the "they" is now Trump/GOP and friends.

Lots of politically-right folks in the US have been a fan Hungary's Orban for a while now:

* https://apnews.com/article/2022-midterm-elections-donald-tru...

* https://newrepublic.com/article/175368/why-republicans-love-...

* https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/dec/10/hungary-vikt...

* https://time.com/6993483/budapest-playbook-orban-trump/
Like who? Jordan Peterson?

Here's an issue I have, it's that if you dig into the backstory of 90% of the people claiming this narrative, it's not what happened. They aren't "cancelled for their opinions" but instead they are making decisions that lead to their blackball.

Consider the case of Judy Mikovits. She likes to claim that she was fired for her wild ideas. But that's not why. She was fired because she was stealing a colleagues mail, got put on probation, and then had her understudy steal her laptop (which she never returned).

Her firing has nothing to do with bad thought.

I encourage you to point out other examples because they all tend to end like this. It's compelling to have a "I was cancelled" story.

But also, this just isn't the same. These "cancelled" people are pretty much all on the podcast/media train. Some of them making a decent chunk of change. That's completely different from having a van with masked strangers pull up, grab you off the street, and then ultimately imprison you who knows where with no access to a lawyer. Potentially ending with you being sent to an El Salvadoran death camp.

These are not the same thing.
I see a lot of XML APIs and formats around me, it is true. But it is machine-machine formats or complex configuration files formats which doesn't need visualization. It needs schema support and tooling, but not visualization or transformation. It is more serialization formats for complex object trees, and all processing is done on these object trees, not XML itself.

But of course, I see only a part of the picture.
Ask HN: Are LLMs just answering what we want to hear?
I keep seeing those tweets and posts where users ask ChatGPT or a similar LLM to describe them etc... and it always answers positive cool stuff which reinforces what the user wants to hear.

If you also try to ask it about a certain topic or yourself, it will always be positive and agree with your opinion. I feel there is a lot of confirmation bias at play.
How to fight back: charting opposition to actions of the Trump administration
> Most modern languages are multi-paradigm. [..] And modern Java.

Modern Java is still very definitely OOP and not multi-paradigm. Other JVM languages, like Scala or Kotlin, add more multi-paradigm features to that ecosystem, but modern Java doesn't.
The question is what consequences will it have. I have only seen good outcomes for the administration from the chat debacle. It is worrying, this could have led to a VP resigning.
> ... in the right hands.

The problem is that you don't get to decide whose hands it gets into. Even if it's in the right hands today, it might not be tomorrow.

And your definition of "right" might not match someone else's.
Perfriend - a new way to chat people
Personally I consider the programming language used for a piece of software to be similar to the materials used for a handbag.
Because eventually you end up rewriting a more brittle version of an established framework. Plus someone else may have to maintain it. Working out how your vanilla code works is worse than learning a framework because there's no help.

I lived this with an app made in 2012 that was all custom JS.

Plus how far do you want to take it? Write your own security modules? Create your own anti SQL injection code? The benefit of frameworks is you get free hardened code tested by millions.

But yes, I get it, gluing together Frameworks is depressing too. It just isn't fun.
At HN: Where does my computer get the time from? 851 points. Oct 5, 2023. 250 comments.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37778496
I do not really understand this line of thought of USA invading Canada. What’s in it for them? Canada isn’t some helpless third world with oil that they can exploit, Canada can and will retaliate.
Nah. In one case no one prevents you from torrenting third party Xcode at your own risk. You can run any code you want on your device. But in the other case you can't even use the OS. Cope however you want but QED.

It's not perfect, it sucks, but it's better
The difference is that conservatives generally get banned for being disrespectful and hateful. E.g. conservatives generally don't get banned for saying that they disagree with gay marriage, they get banned for using slurs, insulting people, etc.
I think the author meant we have (had?) an expectation of anonymity in public spaces. Certainly people you know could recognize you, but indiscriminate mass tracking wasn't a thing.
I only had one good manager once in my life. He was our cheerleader when we were late developing features (not our fault), he was handling everything unrelated to coding and all we had to do was work, and he was protecting us from the upper levels with their useless concerns and demands.

All the other managers I ever had were toxic assholes who would have cheerfully took Hitler's job if it meant a salary raise for them.
And that covers:

- frontend / backend (e.g. React, Next.js, APIs)
- hosting (cdn, https, domains, autoscaling)
- database
- authentication (custom, social logins)
- blob storage (file uploads, urls, cdn-backed)
- email
- payments
- background jobs
- analytics
- monitoring
- dev tools (CI/CD, staging)
- secrets

?

Or are you importing a hundred different modules, using a bunch of different services, and just reproducing the IKEA-like system Andrej is complaining about in a language you happen to like?
Disagree. All surveillance is bad.
Yes, I know; I was clarifying their immediate misunderstanding using the same terminology as them.

There's obviously a lot more going on behind the scenes, especially with today's mid- and post-training work!
Citizens protests = Government oppression

Is that your opinion? Just let me tell you that I politely disagree with your weird assessment.
> Thus it is likely to continue and progress.

Legitimately people are asking for a King. Right wing, supposed to be ultra-Americans are asking for a king.

As long as he promises to make their bank accounts grow, and make their perceived enemies suffer, they want a king.

I am absolutely astounded by what's going on around me right now
The crew of Marine One should throw him and anyone who tries to interfere over board.
thank you.

I'm trying to workout how it (the idea) can be ported to work with GitHub pull requests. But I don't know enough about what's happening under the hood with GitHub during the PR process.
It's a pretty ridiculous number, total US GDP is only $27T. That would mean scams are ~1% of the US economy, which is non-sensical.
Well, what's a web app? A lot of stuff on that list exceed what's usually thought to be part of the actual web app, like monitoring, CI/CD/staging, payment. If you use something like Django, Laravel, Rails a lof bases will be covered including frontend, backend, auth, social logins, email, basic analytics etc. Choosing a framework, library, CMS also depends on the level of customization you need or want to do.
You do that in your services.
> All the computers are connected to the Internet?

no

> Can you still buy something without having to register and without that software always be communicating to home servers?

yes

Can you still buy a software product and do whatever you wish with it, for as long as you want and without having to pay subscriptions or be forced to upgrade?

yes
that sounds like the lump of labor fallacy. there's plenty of things to do in IT besides babysitting hypocrite hypergiants.
Images are served from i.pinimg.com/ and the url params can be changed from "[0-9]+x(\/[0-9a-f]{2}){3}\/[0-9a-f]{32}\.jpg" to "originals/(\/[0-9a-f]{2}){3}\/[0-9a-f]{32}\.(jpg|png)".
Presumably tye issue lies with mutable collections.

If you have a type Animal, with subtypes Dog and Cat, then covariance means a list of Cat is a subtype of a list of Animal.
The problem is that appending a Dog is a legal action for a list of Animals, but not a legal action for a list of Cats.
Right, it seems some models are on hugging face for that:

https://huggingface.co/grammarly/coedit-xl

I'm gonna check those further
To me web development is the one place where I do feel like there's a lot that "just works". If I had to make a native mobile app I would feel overwhelmed and confused. I wonder if this really just comes down to familiarity. It seems strange to me to assume a given domain should be easy.
I say without any hyperbole that what we're witnessing is the end of American empire.

So-called "accelerationists" are excited about this. But empires take a long time to die and go out with a bang rather than just fading peacefully into history.

What we're witnessing with universities and the illegal black-bagging of legal visitors and permanent residents is an unprecedented assault on the First Amendment. Only the McCarthy era probably comes close. We are very much in the era of thoughtcrime [1].

Fascism flames out because when loyalty is the only thing that matters, the administration turns into sycophantic morons. The courts won't save us. They've long since been subverted, a key pillar of the 50+ year Republican Project. There is no serious opposition to any of this.

There is no safe haven from this either. It's not Europe. Just look at the elections and political momentum in the UK, France, Germany and Hungary.

What's sad is the number of people who champion this as if it's going to make their lives any better. But cruelty, revenge and repression is the point. There are an awful lot of people who have legitimate grievances about the destruction of their standard of living, their material conditions. Yet nobody has done anything to address those concerns.

Things are going to get very, very bad.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thoughtcrime
Using overloads to handle union return types in Python
During refactoring some stuff in sentence transformers, I dove into overloads and decided to write a blog post about it. Enjoy!
I think endeavour os is greater than manjaro though I use pure arch
If only I could opt-out, disable, or uninstall those used by visitors to my website when the extension breaks it :(
Bonsai: A Different Java Rule Engine
I need you to point out one person who was fired at a university with no reason.

They simply don't exist.

What does exist are people using their 15 minutes to play the victim and spin a new career in media.
Instead of replying with reasons why you won’t engage in a respectful discussion you could just downvote and move on.

Like I said it would save both of us a lot of time.
This gave me a good laugh XD
I knew a few people with the name "Gay", I wonder what will happen to them.
And he was convicted of 34 felonies...
As does the Constitution, of course.
I am also pretty sure that I thought I had to log in years ago I had windows. Probably also fell victim of the UI.
*familiar with / founded / financially incentivized to promote
Very nice! Going to check it out over the weekend.
> proper consumer and privacy legislation.

> But forget the latter, democracy is stuffed

What does consumer and privacy legislation have to do with democracy?

They may both be important, but I see no connection between the two other than the fact that those democratically elected would be the ones making the legislation (and any legislation).
I'm not necessarily a fan of RFK, I don't really know much about him to be honest. I'm just giving my view on why people might have voted for him. But thanks for your support for me sharing my views. That seems to have become challenging the last 5 years, I've noticed.

I don't trust governments and big corporations in general. And I find it amazing how many people are so trustworthy about a new vaccine technology that hasn't been tested widely, globally organized by mayor governments and big corporations. And I've done a lot of research about it and I'm not convinced about the effectiveness of it. There are many studies with different results, that can be interpreted in many ways, could have been mangled with / cherry picked, has many parameters influencing it, etc.

And I find it weird that there is so little attention to so many obvious improvements we can make in our health and environment. But we do have the money for LBQT+ projects in South Africa or something.

And then if someone comes along who kind of questions it a little bit, he is condemned by a lot of people like he's some kind of psycho.

If I put that all together in one equation, I get a big frown. Not a trustworthy feeling.
"Moonshots" Initiative to Secure the Future of RISC OS