skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Hi! I can't really share the company, but I do love the space and happy to discuss what I've been reading.

So the idea of Knowledge Tracing originated, from my understanding with a paper in 1994: http://act-r.psy.cmu.edu/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2012/1... this sort of introduced the idea that you could model and understand a students learning as it progresses through a set of materials.

The concept of Knowledge Components was started, I believe, at Carnegie Mellon and University of Pittsburgh with the Learn Lab: https://learnlab.org/learnlab-research/ - in 2012 they authored a paper defining KLI (Knowledge Learning Instruction framework): https://pact.cs.cmu.edu/pubs/KLI-KoedingerCorbettPerfetti201... which provided the groundwork for the concept of Knowledge Components.

This sort of kicked things off with regards to really studying these things on a finer-grained level. They have a Wiki which covers some key concepts: https://learnlab.org/wiki/index.php?title=Main_Page like the Knowledge Component: https://learnlab.org/wiki/index.php?title=Knowledge_componen...

Going forward a few years you have a Stanford paper, Deep Knowledge Tracing (DKT): https://stanford.edu/~cpiech/bio/papers/deepKnowledgeTracing... which delves into utilizing RNN(recurrent neural networks) to aide in the task of modelling student knowledge over time.

Jumping really far forward to 2024 we have another paper from Carnegie Mellon & University of Pittsburgh: Automated Generation and Tagging of Knowledge Components from Multiple-Choice Questions: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2405.20526 and A very similar paper that I really enjoyed from Switzerland: Using Large Multimodal Models to Extract Knowledge Components for Knowledge Tracing from Multimedia Question Information https://arxiv.org/pdf/2409.20167

Overall the concept I've been sort of gathering is that, if you can break down the skills involved in smaller and smaller tasks, you can make much more intelligent decisions about what is best for the student.

The other thing I've been gathering is that Skills Taxonomies are only useful in as much as they help you make decisions about students. If you build a very rigid Taxonomy that is unable to accommodate change, you can't really adapt easily to new course material or to make dynamic decisions about students. So the idea of a rigid Taxonomy is quickly becoming outdated. Large language models are being used to generate fine-grained skills (Knowledge Components) from existing course material to help model a students development based on performance in a way that can be easily updated when materials change.

I have worked through and replicated some of the findings in these later papers using local models, for example using the open Gemma 2 27b models from Google to generate Knowledge components and using Sentence Embedding models and K-means clustering to gather them together and create groups of related Knowledge Components. It's been a really fun project and I've been learning quite a bit.
Is interesting that here in Europe there are lots of avocados, none of them are from the United States or Mexico. Many of them are very good though, I’m particularly fond of those that are grown in South America, usually Chile or Peru. I wonder if those are also haas avocados or not.
Sure, I do it everyday when I chat with AIs. Humans not reading our exchanges doesn't bother me particularly.
The party that claims to support the constitution seems to not support the constitution. They also seem to not support education, health and sciences.

Talk about going back decades.
A lead generator called snappy leads: https://snappyleads.co.uk/

Input: The website of a company. Any company. Apple.com or Ycombinator.com if you want.

Output: The verified email of every Apple/YC employee we've managed to find. Works for linkedin profiles too — put a linkedin profile in, you get a verified email out.

It's currently cheap as fuck ($10/mo) because it's a hacky piece of software. It doesn't work every time, but it gets improved every 48 hours so it'll be really good soon.

We're also teaching people how to hack sales and advertising, stuff like how to get a 30% response rate with targeted cold email. Basically everyone who's bought a subscription gets a lesson once per week. I've got 10 years of experience teaching skills, so in my opinion it's cool.

Join the discord server here if you want to talk about that: https://discord.gg/2RNwH8ta4A

If you want proof that I can even write an email as good as that: https://imgur.com/a/z9gNgGH
The Wikipedia article has "deprival of the rights of individuals and parties from running for election" listed as a method. So I assume the prison/fine part of the sentencing wouldn't really be defensive democracy but barring her from office is. (Don't think I would feel positively about that in the U.S. but nonetheless the concept is there.)
The goal is to irreversibly destroy those agencies and functions.
The charity you’re raising for sets up the infrastructure to do the activity. Charities, for example, have spots in marathons which are hard to get other wise.

So if you see a friend is trying to do some personal achievement, and you think the charity is a worthwhile one to donate to; why not combine the two and help your friend achieve their goal whilst also raising money for a good cause.
At least the most extreme libertarian fantasy is "you can do whatever you want, but I won't pay."

The direction the US is heading is "you can't do anything you want, but you will pay."
BetterHelp is arguably worse. Everything I've heard about them sounds terrible, but they're all over YouTube and presumably they're getting a lot of vulnerable customers who will never receive the support they need.

The YouTubers that peddle this shit have no morals.
Pretty much every parent I know does not allow their preteens and younger unsupervised tablet/phone use because the internet is so bad for them at that age. Typically they allow a curated set of content during specific times, and devices are physically removed from the children's environment afterward.
> In other words we are now living in the most extremist libertarian fantasy.

This might not be so much an "extremist libertarian fantasy" but more of an "anti-woke" thing. I live in a swing district and the local library presents as quite progressive in their selections, and so do the local museums (land acknowledgements, etc.), so I'm not surprised they would draw fire in this environment.
I don't necessarily want search to become any fuzzier than it already is either, but what's happened has happened and I've already responded to the decline of traditional search engines. Nowadays I pretty much only search duckduckgo with site:(something), or else I ask perplexity the question and for some links. Traditional search engines now just give a thousand SEOed-to-death articles, probably generated by ai, from hundreds of pointless third party websites that just have the same basic milk.

It might be that it's worth it to bifurcate soon. Search indexes and AI engines, doing different roles. The index would have to be sorted with AI though - to focus on original and first-party material and to downrank ad-driving slop.
Ha, over here in Aus we get Hass most of the year but for a few weeks at the end of March/start of April we can only get Shepard and everyone moans about it!

Hass are definitely superior, but Shepard aren’t all that bad. Bit rubbery maybe :)
we could in theory get rid of the "ix" at the first. there is no i7 10100f cpu, only i3 10100f, so if you say "i have 10100f intel cpu", i know it's worse than 10400f cpu
anyone know the answer for japanese language books?
I assume that there is the threat of targetted tariffs and cancelled government contracts to "encourage" European companies to comply.

I haven't read the executive orders but I also assume that they contain more details.
> extremely-polarized ragebait

What’s not then? I’m genuinely curious since Guardian seems to
be one of the most balanced major newspapers in their reporting that there is.

Sure it’s slightly left leaning overall and there are some quite unhinged editorials now and then but they are mostly isolated from the rest of the paper.

> sober and honest journalism

Well again.. can you give examples of more sober and honest journalism (besides just fact reporting news services like Reuters)
Phantom menace used some (pioneering) digital shots but Collateral is fully shot on digital from my understanding
Meanwhile Trump's golfing so far this term has cost the country more than $26 million dollars (on his own golf courses).

If DOGE was serious about saving money there's some excess spending they could get rid of.
Rolex Land-Dweller Cal. 7135, Patents and Innovation Explained
This is probably the most tightly specified use case of an LLM that I've come across so far.
Nope, I'm in the EU and I've gotten it.
> Sane defaults should be table stakes for toolchains but C++ has "history".

Yes, it has. By "history" you actually mean "production software that is expected to not break just because someone upgrades a compiler". Yes, C++ does have a lot of that.

> All significant C++ code-bases and projects I've worked on have had 10s of lines (if not screens) of compiler and linker options - a maintenance nightmare particularly with stuff related to optimization.

No, not really. That is definitely not the norm, at all. I can tell you as a matter of fact that release builds of some production software that's even a household name is built with only a couple of basic custom compiler flags, such as specifying the exact version of the target language.

Moreover, if your project uses a build system such as CMake and your team is able to spend 5 minutes reading an onboarding guide onto modern CMake, you do not even need or care to set compiler flags. You set a few high-level target properties and you never look at it ever again.
I won't link them, but they are quite easy to find... Most of the accounts offering them are custom DIY drones. The fiber optic attachment spools seem to be mass produced though.
Yes, from a language design it's ugly and the implementation is convoluted. From a user perspective it's awesome and enables better interfaces.
"And the reason avocados have exploded in the U.S. is that most of them are no longer grown in the U.S.

"We have developed such a voracious appetite for this versatile fruit that the U.S. now annually brings in nearly 3 billion pounds of avocados."

These consecutive sentences each state as fact an opposite causality.

How can the central thesis of the article be so confused?
I will never forget the situation of a friend whose father committed check fraud in her name when she was still a child meaning she was never able to have a bank account in her name her whole life (without sending her father back to jail).

I suspect the high valuation is because there are a lot of people like my friend or her dad who can't be on that list of possible banking customers because they can't have a bank account at all.

I really like the idea of everyone having a permanent, fee-free bank account with the federal reserve. It can be zero interest as far as I'm concerned but it should be accessible to everyone regardless of criminal history.
You should tell that to all the researchers publishing work in this field!
I have 99% of my life is in Telegram; I like the choice between end to end encryption or not (for unimportant stuff) so I create private groups for everything and just toss everything in there. I have a (custom) LLM bot which does stuff depending what the group is about and what is posted. Telegram is very fast and convenient (yes, because it's not all encrypted, just the stuff you want to be).
Yeah, I slipped by not mentioning homosexuality. However, while we are at pedantry: Homosexuality isn't particularily a modern phenomenon either. So we both erred on the side of inclusive speech... However, it doesn't really matter in this context, I was particularily refering to male/female, given the whole metoo thing and "trust all women" and all that. As a male, you're particularily exposed to female claims usually being the end of your reputation.
I think the eink focus is mainly in the UI as it avoids scrolling in favor of pages and tabs.
Show HN: V0.7.3 Update: Dive, an Open Source MCP Agent Desktop
Dive is a desktop application for Windows and Linux that supports all LLMs capable of making tool calls. It is currently the easiest way to install MCP Server. Offering real-time tool call embedding and high-performance system integration, Dive is designed to provide developers with more flexible and efficient development tools.

0.6.0 → 0.7.3 Update Summary

1. Multi-Model Support & Switching

Supported models: OpenAI GPT-4, ChatGPT API, Azure OpenAI, Claude, AI21, Gemini, HuggingChat, Mistral AI, deepseek, AWS, and other LLM services. Custom models are also supported.

Multi-model Switching: Switch between multiple MCP Servers. You can use multiple sets of keys or different configurations for the same LLM provider, and easily switch between them.

2. User Experience & Performance Optimization

Editable Messages: Modify messages that have already been sent.

Regenerate Responses: Supports regenerating AI responses.
Auto Updates: Now supports automatic updates to the latest version.

Interface and Operation Enhancements: Collapsible tool_calls and tool_result sections; pressing ESC while the sidebar is open will prioritize closing the sidebar instead of interrupting AI responses.

API Key Configuration Improvements: Displays error messages in red for incorrect inputs, and error messages disappear automatically when switching providers.

MCP Server Default Example Optimizations: The echo example has been updated from CJS format to ESM, reducing file size.
Background Operation and Auto-Start: The app can be minimized to the background and supports auto-start on boot.
Or use nylon strings for concert guitars.
This is one of the reasons I run FreeBSD as well, I wanted to get away from the ever-changing Docker, docker-compose, docker compose and all that stuff.

The jail system has it's warts and at times can seem a little unpolished, but alt least I know that the workarounds and automation I have set up for my home server is mostly "done".
On pictures Milky Way is usually shown to rotate counterclockwise. As is solar system.
> Firstly, the tab for that exercise is long enough to need a scroll bar, and so I don't understand how one is supposed to play along with that tab to a metronome.

I agree, this app is not great for learning a piece of music but it works well for practicing an already learnt piece. This is how I have been using it for myself.

As I mentioned in another comment, the tab and the video are mainly for reference i.e. to answer the question what to practice. Earlier, it only allowed either a tab or a video. At some point I added support for both (because why not!) Looks like that's causing some confusion.

I like your idea of playing along with a synthesized sound in the learning phase, although I haven't tried it myself. I believe alphatab (the lib used for tablature) does support midi playback which could make it function like guitar pro. Need to see how much complexity it introduces (mainly related to getting both the metronome and the midi to play together, never tried it). Perhaps there could be two separate modes to keep things simple - a learning mode without metronome and a practice mode (same as current). Won't promise anything but will at least do a POC.

Thanks for the detailed feedback.

PS: The link you shared wouldn't work for anyone else, as it only exists on your device thanks to the local-only-ness. Have some thinking to do to make this more intuitive.
> always specifically anti-Trump

A lot of newspapers in Europe are also explicitly pro-Ukraine for instance. How is that different?

And politically being anti Trump is an extremely moderate position.
Already all fixed in C++.

And I don't know why now everything has to be beginner friendly. Then just use a high level language. C++ is never advertised as a high level language it's a mid-level language.

Still with that even C++ has never shut down my computer or bricked my computer even once.

All these young people are just too spoiled.
Just do it like Rust
I have no clue what I'm supposed to do, am I stupid?
But wars don't cost anything because Europe will pay.
Supported Versions: Django vs. FastAPI vs. Laravel
You missed the part about it being allowed in the defending zone.
I agree its extremely useful. I am just used to languages/frameworks that at least autogenerate the code. Maybe some inheritance to give you a place to make changes that wont be wiped.
Appreciate the effort in writing this.
Shopping assistant for subjective purchases. I use LLMs to decide on gifts, for example. You input the person's interests, demographics, hobbies, etc. and interactively get a list of ideas.
A theoretical scenario, DNS edition
You are wrong. You do get sent straight to detention and the conditions there are terrible. Then they take you from detention and escort you to the plane for deportation. And that's if you're lucky and you're able to pay the fees and for the deportation flight. There are some people who get stuck in the detention for months and even years

Under no circumstances would they just let you out and hope you show up to court like they do in the US

If that sounds ridiculous just Google it, there's plenty of evidence to back it up including a really recent report where somebody smuggled in a phone to take pictures of the terrible conditions

Example:

https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-14303933/brit-touri...

https://www.ladbible.com/news/world-news/thailand-laws-expla...
Well, you seem crazy enough to, possibly, find some sort of enjoyment from this book: The Romance of Reality by Bobby Azarian The author explores an philosophical framework to explain the universe through the lens of entropy. I loved it.

Also, it is my firm believe that in the moment you have emergence at play in any shape or form, simulation is the only viable path for in depth research. In my mind any form of neural network is a deterministic chaotic system[1]. If this would be true, simulation is the way how you test and discover truths. So I am a big fan of your intent to start programming.

Another book which your text reminded me of was Scale by Geoffrey West. Again not something pertinent to your effort of Modeling Consciousness, but it informed and delighted me in my attempts to make sense of reality.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=svV1MsUdInE
I feel like the people using Voice Attack or whatever in space sims zeroed in on this.

It's very useful being able to request auxillary functions without losing your focus, and I think that would apply to say, word editing as well - e.g. being able to say "insert a date here" rather the having to get into the menus to find it.

Conversely, latency would be a big issue.
> if the text beneath it isn’t also AI spew

About 25% of the sentences are rewrites from Claude for clarity and accuracy. Claude was also heavily involved in how the article is laid out, and challenged me to add several transitional pieces I wouldn’t have added otherwise. In all, I found it very helpful for writing this article, and strongly recommend using it for improving articles.
> But up to this point, that's what the author has been doing. They've setup bind to run on IPv4 and IPv6 but not really the latter, instead blackholing all such requests.

Well, Linux kernel is dual-stacked for more than 30 years now. Every linux VM is dual-stacked unless you deliberatelly disable IPv6 with a kernel boot parameter. And while Linux, and every other modern OS today, is dual-stack, it does not mean that the network you boot Linux with, is dual-stacked. The main criticism is that the algorithm fails to notice that entirely. It is not the "lame-delegation", it is bind9 not being aware of the fact that certain network family is not available, due to outage or just as a starting point.

So while my advice stands, that you should not run any recursive resolver on IPv4 or IPv6 only - sometimes, you have no choice but to do so, as this is the network you are working on. In such cases, this article may help engineers to correctly run bind with either -4 or -6, or abandon it altogether.
Actually you are right, while writing it I have imagined a steam engine in the rack itself :)
It's something we've been raised to do from a young age.

I've never thought about it before, but I suppose it's a way for you to provide some commitment from yourself as a condition for those you're crowdsourcing donations from.

If you don't deliver on your part, they don't have to pay.

When I was in high-school we did everything from shaving our heads, to having your legs waxed in front of the whole (boys) school.

I raised thousands of £ for charity this way, more than I could ever raise by myself at that age.
Every non-tech friend I know loves the new image gen feature. Its a killer feature akin to instagra filters.
I just flagged it since it's politics. Don't need to get much further than seeing the comments here to understand why posts like these don't belong on HN.
This is a great blog! Great points about just running your own fork if needed and testing your own patch in your own system for a while. I would be very happy as a maintainer if someone put in that much effort for a fix.
Also, Anthroipic revenue is much lower. OpenAi's marketing is certainly outpacing A\
I guess nowadays we just reach for chainsaws.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanns_Johst
"Good reporting is presenting facts about all sides."

Nonsense. Good reporting is about carefully filtering the evidence and reporting the essential stuff. Sometimes that's heavily skewed to one "side" or the other. What's suspicious is when it's always the same side.
Simple, the purpose of the article is to argue against tariffs.
What silly batteries example?

If seasonal storage is solvable, solar + wind is not unreliable.

And no, I don't have an anti nuclear agenda. But I know the energy system models and the results, and just how difficult integrating nuclear into the mix is.

https://nworbmot.org/blog/burden-of-proof.html

Finally, I know exactly what the paper says but maybe you don't: the problem with Dunkelflaute events is correlation. If it's cloudy somewhere and the sun is shining elsewhere, then no problem. These problematic conditions for nuclear are the same: large scale spatial correlated.
Yes most avocado sold in Europe are Hass. You can see by the shape and the skin type (others typically sold are longer and smoother outside usually).
> Can you point to an example? Please? I'm serious.

> The person wouldn't really read the entire post but just wave their hands and ask for this and that saying I haven't provided enough information. "This" and "that" wasn't needed to answer my question but I would provide this information anyway and then the person never comes back. This happened more often than not.

You didn't read my post, did you? :)

(Just being cheeky, I'm really curious to see an example!)

I just opened up closed SO questions (after not having used the site for almost half a decade) and most of them still seem pretty terrible.
As a not an American, I can't fathom the love for coupon you all have.

Shit system, shit value for the client, and still it looks like some people would kill for a 5% one-time discount on anything.
Kinda interesting to watch. US is actively choosing the "anti-literacy" path forward, compared to all the other big guys in the game. Is there any other proper reason other than potentially bumping up the birth rates? It's not 1900s anymore, where the sheer manpower wins big wars anymore, as manufacturing, science and tech can sway it one way or another. I just don't get the endgame.