skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> where __value__ comes from and how/where it is stored

Value comes from people and the work they do. A currency, or a system of money, or let us speak plainly, a system of economy tracks the value provided by a person to the community. If you have 100$ with you, that means that you have done 100$s worth of work for the community. Same with bitcoin, if you have 100 bitcoins with you, that is a proof that you have done that much work for the community. And you are entitled to the same amount of work from the community. You redeem it by paying with this currency, the other people of the community for their services.

So in otherwords, paper currency is just a distributed ledger. Instead of a ledger with some values written in a piece of paper against your name, you just hold the corresponding amount of paper currency to prove the work that you have done. When you consider all the currency held by a the people in a community, it is really a ledger that is distributed over the people in that community.

A bitcoin economy can work exactly like this. Fundamentally because in reality, in a real economy, you are not storing the value, you are tracking it.

This makes sense, because an economy really is a system that enables people helping each other, ensuring that no one takes more than they provide, or have to provide more than they take.
How to delete your 23andMe data
In my imagination, I think I prefer a search engine which searches for what I ask, rather than one which tries to guess what I really want.

It's been so long since I had one that really worked that way that I might turn out to hate it though.
I agree, and every time I see someone refer to the standard library as the STL, I know I’m interacting with someone who doesn’t actually know the language very well.
> I have exceptionally strong feet and I attribute it to these shoes.

It’s probably more because of this:

> But I do walk a lot. […] For example, if something is 20 walking minutes away and public transport takes 15, I walk.
The point of SPF/DKIM/DMARC is to bind emails to domains, so no more spoofing. It is naive to expect authentication alone can reduce spams.
> So a country only needs to rewrite all the laws to adopt versioning, cool.

No, they only need to start using versioning in order to adopt versioning. Think of an "initial git commit"
Yup, that'll get you stuck in spam limbo alright. Good luck climbing out if it if you're initiating conversations with anyone on Gmail or Outlook (or, even worse, corporate Outlook).

Those email services will usually have no trouble with replies to emails sent from their service, so if you get someone to email you first you'll save them the trouble of dragging your email from their spam folder to their inbox.
"The foundation model companies are screwed." Not really, they can either make API access expensive or resign from exposing APIs and offer their custom products. Open Source models are great, but you need powerful hardware to run them, surely it will not be a smartphone, at least in the nearest future.
Yeah this is too hard for the average user.

People IMO don’t manage addressbooks, and they don’t know about + aliases.

The innovation will be partially making it easy and intuitive — for people in their mailboxes, and for organizations with legitimate need to send emails (at the point where the user provides their email)
Almost as bad as a private email server being used for governmental business.
Huh. I know very little on this topic, and am pattern-matching that to the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis.
Is it not commonplace for US banks to send a text notification for card transactions? In my country, this is considered table stakes when choosing a bank card or credit card.
Carbon-negative material could make concrete and cement more sustainable
Forefoot running helped me tremendously, but the people in the shoe store advised me to use proper shoes for that (I guess I took the Nike Fly thing, which was good for that) and to start slowly with it. I used months to slowly adapt myself to it, starting with no more than 50 meters on these things per day, and I was already an experienced runner at that time.
Microbes can capture carbon and degrade plastic – why aren't we using them more?
Can you cite examples of these real world use cases that _millions_ of people have integrated in their workflows successfully on a day to day basis?
The same applies for plant oils though. Only high value oils like olive oil are commonly shipped packaged and debulked.
It's a summary of the research and theories. If those are inconclusive, what exactly do you expect the author to do about it?
Flash that will survive the heat and humidity of a washing machine for a decade?
The whole mythos of running barefoot got me and my wife into running! We did actual barefoot just a little bit before switching to toe shoes. We ran in those until 2021. We only switched to Xeros because of the "grass stuck between the toes" effect when hiking and the ability to get slightly thicker soles with lugs.

From when we started in 2009 to today, we both had to increase two shoe sizes.

She just finished her first 50 mile ultramarathon using Xero thin soled shoes. It was half on the AT, and she had no issues with that.

I'm a less serious runner, just enough to be able to knock out a few miles on demand and the annual Broad Street 10 mile run.

We both hiked 1000 miles of the AT on a thru in 2022. We've also clocked around 3O00 miles of other small day hikes and overnight trips. All with Zeros or Altras, and with a 30lb pack.

Over the years, she's had some minor issues with plantar fascitis that went away when she added in regular stretching. She's had a few bouts of hip bursitis when ramping up mileage for the ultra.

I've had some issues with knee pain that started on the thru hike related to scoliosis. My one hip drops lower than the other, twisting the knee and causing issues on both. Regular single leg exercises and heavy lifting keeps that in check (hard to do on the trail unfortunately).

Neither of us have had any issues with ankles, calves, or typical runner knee issues. I'm not sure I can credit the shoes for all of it, but I'm very glad we started with them and neither of us have any reason to change. Regular thick foam trainers now feel very uncomfortable, it's hard to describe. They squish my toes (which are very wide). They change my gait which feels awkward.

It's funny, now I feel like I see lots of runners in my area using these thin soled shoes, like the Merrel Vaporglove, Xeros, or alternative. Maybe it's cohort bias? Either way I am glad I found them when I did!
Look at your tech stack, go down until you come to the level where things "just work". This is where the maintained software begins. The stuff you fill your docker base images with.
I don't think it's fallacious to appeal to nature. Sure, not all things natural are good for you (deadly viruses etc.). But when you have something that works for millennia, and has been optimized (by evolution) for that specific purpose, making changes to that specific thing is likely to ignore the context in which that specific thing was created. It's like trying to change a legacy software system with no documentation. You have to be very careful not to introduce bugs, and in most practical cases, "how the legacy system does it" is GOOD, and you should hold the burden of proving that the new system is actually better.
Naively I thought that one value proposition of SPF, DKIM and DMARC is that reputation shifts from based on IP to be based on domain, once you set these up correctly. So as long as you can maintain a good reputation for your domain and have SPF, DKIM and DMARC correctly set up, then you can host your SMTP server at any IP and your emails will get delivered.

I wonder why it doesn't work this way.
To be fair, SPF saves mail.ru and outlook.com users from five, maybe six spam emails per month coming from my domain, based on DMARC reports. If those numbers scale to include every domain on the internet, that's a huge amount of spam being filtered out very easily and very early.

You'd think spammers would've learned to avoid SPF domains at the very least but they haven't, so despite SPF/DMARC/DKIM failing to get anyone out the spam folder, the technology is still catching spam bots.
I'm approaching 70, and my mental model is that the graph is getting so big that it's getting harder to navigate through it to the memories I'm looking for.
Or just codes that you can look up. Most washers have a small LCD screen capable of displaying two digits.
DeepSeek v3: Advanced AI Language Model
Interesting. I wonder how this relates with my anecdotal observation that my aging immigrant parents and their similarly aged friends increasingly rely and use the language of their youth found in the home vs what they learned in school and used in their adopted country and while raising us. Are old encodings being rediscovered and decoded? Or is there a degradation in the power of their decoder and so it is slowly going back to a foundational level? Fascinating stuff.
There will also be people that identified the "Harlem Shuffle" (1963) as a gem worth of respect, "Lick my Love Pump (Trilogy in D-minor)" (1984?) as joke worth of warmth, and "I want to #### you in the ###" (~2000) as rubbish.

...With good points.
Venus bounce with the Dwingeloo and Stockert radio telescopes
The trainees cost USD$100/week, but for a very small business, ensuring trainees get a good working and learning experience chews a lot of time hand-holding and so I passed.
domains are cheap and easy to get new ones.
IPv4 addresses are limited so you can't burn them as freely.
I had a similar experience, except at the time I was an avid distance runner. I had run a number of ultras and was training for a marathon. After a single 15 minute run in a pair of Nike Free shoes, I was unable to run for two weeks. It felt like a combination of shin splints, knee problems, and calf cramps. It was horrible.

The strange thing was that I never really favored the big, bulky shoes anyway. I always sought out the lowest cushion, lowest drop shoes I could find. And in 2010 I was already 20 years into running regularly.

The fad did have a lasting effect on me though. I can now buy nice, low cushion zero drop shoes, and I love them. But no-cushion is definitely out for me, and I can’t imagine running shoeless at all.
I'd leave a bad review on the store as well.
Azure is the biggest revenue source, but my guess is (didn't find data) that Office is more profitable.

Although Microsoft is especially good/evil at getting Azure lock-ins and overpriced exclusive deals from e.g. governments.
Brain scans are like those scientists putting together the iguanodon skeleton… we may eventually get to a likely story but we’re gonna spend a lot of time on to be discredited
Show HN: Mocktender – Tool to simplify testing
I built a tool that traces code behavior and isolates fixtures.

Eg. traditionally, I need 3 tests for HN's “submit post” (server route, handler logic, DB query). With this tool, I need only 1 (entry-point aka server route).

This tool traces the behavior across the layers, and isolates them to match traditional tests.

It’s in early proof-of-concept stage, dogfooding, with a working example.

It has a long way to go, so I'd love feedback/contributions—especially on a subject like testing.
Most of the search engines you encounter fail here (press Ctrl+F in your browser and make a typo), it's the web search that's different. Though even here it's easy to check without making relying only on imagination - how often do you add quotes for literals?
I'd alway been prone to avoiding shoes. I started running when I was 16 (1986). During high school I'd run 10-14 miles a night about five days a week, mostly barefoot.

I didn't start regularly wearing shoes until after college. Since I started wearing shoes there has been a significant change in my foot structure. My big toes have moved outward by at least 10 degrees. Before then they were directly in-line with the bones and ligaments running down the foot.

When you walk and run barefoot your foot soles get much thicker. You learn how to respond to your feet. I tend to not get splinters or glass slivers because I can feel them before I put my full weight down. Even when something does pierce the skin, it doesn't penetrate the sole, and I can just pick up my foot and grab it out with my fingers.

One of the most interesting benefits seems to be resistance to fungal infections. If I ever start to feel itching in my feet, then I go for a long walk barefoot on concrete. It just ends.
No, but these ever-and-always-victimized-and-misunderstood MAGA chuds certainly are, especially when they try to wrap themselves in the cloak of "all Christians" for protection. D for effort.
I'd go so far as to liken it to a series of memory wipes between age 3 to 4. Memory otherwise appears to function quite fine, from day to day and year to year, but then large blocks all vanish in rapid succession.

Also interesting, as the article alludes to, is that infantile amnesia seems specifically related to episodic memory. Motor skills, language, and other learning obviously survives.
> “Our results demonstrate that the above-ground and below-ground parts of a tree follow separate calendars, allowing for underground growth to be prioritized in winter and aerial growth at the beginning of spring,” says CREAF researcher Paolo Zuccarini, a co-author of the study. This divergence could offer a strategic advantage: in winter, while the rest of the tree is dormant, its roots store reserves of carbohydrates and nitrogen-rich substances, such as proteins and amino acids. Thus, when the tree ‘reawakens’, it will have enough nourishment for leaves to bud and photosynthesis to resume, which is essential for trunk and branch growth. “It’s kind of like having building blocks ready to use in the spring, when the priority is to produce leaves so that photosynthesis can start again,” explains Zuccarini.

Okay this part makes sense.

> Its findings suggest that forest soils have a greater carbon sink capacity than was previously believed, as they accumulate carbon all year long rather than only when trees are more active and their leaves are photosynthesizing.

This does not. They're not accumulating carbon in winter because they're not photosynthesizing carbon dioxide into glucose in winter. They're using stored carbon to continue cell division (not to mention bribing bacteria & fungi to build a rhizosphere with which to harvest nutrients).
I bought some unstructured shoes last fall, which I ordered online because none of the shops I went into sold them, because "too many people were getting injured". When I forst got my shoes the forst thing I did was go for a 2 mile walk, and sure enough I hurt something under my left arch, which gave me minor grief for a couple weeks.

When winter arrived I started using them for the real reason I bught them: winter trail running, and for that they're great. Like mocassins, your foot conforms to the ground and they provide provide pretty excellent grip on snowpack. I consider it an improvement over lugged trail runners for winter.

I previously owned some Converse high-tops and found their lightly structured soles worked well in winter, which is what first got me curious about unstructured shoes. That and the 6 months I spent surfing in Mexico, in which I was barefoot 90% of the time. To note, I am not a serious runner. I hike and cycle, but for running the trend over the last 5 years has been to go for trail runs in winter 1-2 dozen times a season.
Same experience here (though I probably skewed more to barefoot than you did). There's a certain amount of immediate painful feedback for a heel striker once you start running barefoot. There's a certain amount of reconditioning and retraining of under utilised muscles that needs to happen so I think your advice to gradually introduce is make a lot of sense. What I've always found interesting is that even for runners like me that had poor form, as soon as the shoes come off we naturally shift towards a more efficient and lower impact technique.

After a few years of regular barefoot running my running gait had changed enough that I didn't feel the need to keep doing it and have been doing runs in race shoes almost exclusively for the past decade.
Bingo Calls: A Complete List of Bingo Nicknames
Yeah my analogy for that solution is like claiming to have solved sorting arrays by using enormous compute to try all possible orderings of arrays of length 100.

It's not a real solution because:

- It's way too expensive

- It doesn't scale the way a real solution does
I wonder if there's a D&D setting like this.
Ansible Lineinfile Module: Managing Lines in Text Files
If you've ever had to update config files across multiple servers, you know how easy it is to mess things up. One small mistake, and you're dealing with errors. Not to mention, it takes forever.

This is where automation saves the day. Instead of manually updating files, you can use Ansible's lineinfile module to modify configurations consistently across all your servers—with just a few lines of code.
This Yemen situation is quite interesting. In 1948 nobody could have conceived a situation in which white people wouldn't be running the world, Dutch people were still religious and public opinion was pro Israel.
Hopefully when the last boomers die we can finally extricate ourselves from this self imposed fuck up.
DeepSeek V3 is now the highest scoring non-reasoning model
So much info here that's bodybuilder driven and counter to S&C that works with actual athletes.
Most laws in most civil law countries (there are exceptions, but it's the standard for the main laws) are a fixed law on a topic which then gets updated. So the 2025 version of the Family Code in France is everything included, and if you do a diff with the 2024 version, you'll see which parts were removed/updated/replaced by which new parts (it could be a clarifying word, new contents, changed rules, etc.). Reading it end to end (it's a hefty book, but still) gives you a complete representation of all laws regarding families (marriage, divorce, kids, etc etc).

It's mostly the obsolete system of common law where to have an understanding of what is legal and what isn't, you need to have a spiderweb of random acts (random as in, they don't have to be thematic, so the Chicken Tax Act of 2005 can have provisions on solar panels that replace the previous solar panel legislation form the STOP KILLING OUR COMMUNITIES Act of 1785) that build/replace on one another, sometimes going very far back, with associated precedents that clarify them.
Show HN: A Work/Procrastination Tracker
I built this after hearing Tim Urban mention on a podcast with Liv Boeree that he uses a chess clock to track real work vs. procrastination. The idea stuck with me.
So I made a very simple web app where you press one button when working and another when you're not. It tracks how much real focus time you’ve done, shows your stats, and reminds you that if you finish 4 hours of real work, the rest of the day is yours.

There’s also Pomodoro mode, dark mode, sound notifications, and bilingual support (EN/CZ).

It runs in your browser, no login, data is stored locally: https://www.procrastination-slayer.com/

Would love any feedback, especially ideas on how to make it more useful for others struggling with distraction.
> I wonder if revisiting memories often enough will reencode them before they are lost?

There's work that suggests our memories are kinda like magnetic core memory[1] in that a read operation is destructive and requires a rewrite.

I heard about it in the context of phobia therapy, where participants would get some drug that for a short term prevented new memories from forming, and then exposing them to their phobia. That would trigger a recall but not the rewrite thanks to the drug, and after just a couple of such sessions their phobia would be gone as there was nothing to recall.

I have a couple of distinct but mundane memories from early childhood, when I was 1-2 years old. I'm nearing my 50s and they're not nearly as vivid now as when I was a teenager say, but I've long suspected that the reason I can still relive them is because I kept recalling those moments.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic-core_memory
Thanks. I started getting into shaders with WebGPU, but that is not widespread yet and WebGL I did not liked, so I likely will get back to writing WebGPU shaders for better performance, once there is decent support. (And my current solution works, just could be more performant)
I can provide some kind of API for fetching patterns in MIDI if that helps.
I one time learn that the cluster f of exceptions surprisingly quickly turns into something you [almost] cant replicate in software.

Of course one could also argue that it isn't a problem with poorly designed laws but that our programming languages are ill equipped for it.

Then again, the funniest thing I've seen in law: Where an engineer would make a nice drawing with the size of things neatly organized into available space, a law maker will spray all the numbers and description randomly all over the place as if to prevent anyone from ever building the described.
This seems like something that they could have and should have found out hundreds of years ago?
I've always been fond of that 1920s foxtrot classic that celebrated stripping down past clothing to enter into a vertical expression of a horizontal desire, Tain't No Sin

( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nq69ioCrX9U - George Olsen and his Music ; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S9bW4qauva8 - Lee Morse )

Sex & Drugs & Rock & Roll (is all my brain and body need) by Ian Dury was originally released as a Stiff Records single on 26 August 1977.

( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfp8xrNAS6I it has a nice piano break )

Get Up (I Feel Like Being a) Sex Machine by by James Brown with Bobby Byrd backing was released in 1970.

( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VDzezv7atU .. oh, those crazy russians )

Roll that forward 30 years ... TISM- Everyone Else Has Had More Sex Than Me the only single off The White Albun (2004).

( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ENnAa7rqtBM .. it's all cute rabbits animated by a future Walt Disney Studios animation director )

Hardly The Decline & Fall ...
The "they" refers to the social networks I think. The human reader is the one making the leap.
This isn't a novel idea - some people tried the exact same thing the day GPT4 came out.

And going back even further, there's Goal Oriented Action Planning - an old timey video game AI technique, that's basically searching through solution space to construct a plan:

https://medium.com/@vedantchaudhari/goal-oriented-action-pla...

(besides the fact that almost all old timey AI is state space solution search)
I am thankful for this movement because I now mostly wear xero shoes (or DIY sandals) and now I never get shooting pains up my leg (caused by arch support) nor squished pinkie toes.

I also have no need for high heels in my daily life so "zero drop" is great. I don't think heels are good for your back.

It's also nice to not that the shoes are extremely light weight/flexible (no breaking-in) and breathable (no stink).

I don't plan to ever wear a high-heel pointed shoe again.
If you have tight Achilles a high drop shoe will help a lot because it takes the load off the Achilles.