skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I appreciate the thought and detail you put into these responses. That's beyond the scope of what I anticipated discussing.

The types of things I had in mind are old techniques that people use for processing materials, like running a primitive forge or extracting energy from burning plant material or manual labor. What's the energy efficiency difference between generating electricity with a hand crank vs. a nuclear reactor? Even if you take into account all the inputs it takes to build and run the reactor, the overall output to input energy ratio is much higher, but it relies on a lot of infrastructure to get to that point. The type of efficiency I'm thinking of is precisely the energy required to maintain and run something vs. the work you get out of it.

In the same way, while old computers are much less efficient, models like these that have been manufactured for decades and exist all over might end up being a better fit in some cases, even with less efficiency. I can appreciate that the integration of components in newer machines like the ATSAMD20 can reduce complexity in many ways, but projects like CollapseOS are specifically meant to create code that can handle low-level complexity and make these things easier to use and maintain.

The Z80 voltage is 5V+/-5%, so right around what you were thinking. Considering the precision required for voltage regulation required is smart, but if you were having to replace crystals, they are simple and low frequency, 2-16Mhz, and lots have been produced, and once again the fact that it uses parts that have been produced for decades and widely distributed may be an advantage.

Your point about documentation is a good one. It does require more complicated programming, but there are plenty of paper books out there (also digitally archived) that in many situations might be easier to locate because they have been so widely distributed over time. If I look at archive.org for ATSAMD20 I come up empty, but Z80 gives me tons of results like this: https://archive.org/details/Programming_the_Z-80_2nd_Edition...

Anyway, thank you again for taking so much time to respond so thoughfully. You make great points, but I'm still convinced that it's worthwhile to make old hardware useful and resilient in situations where people have limited access to resources, people who may still want to deploy some forms of automation using what's available.

Projects like this one will hopefully never be used for their intended purpose, but they may form a basis for other interesting uses of technology and finding ways to take advantage of available computing resources even as machines become more complicated.
Back in the day repositories had 'maintainers' who reviewed packages before they became included.

Then "walled garden" became a pejorative, and well… here we are.
I am not disputing any of that, nor am I trying to put a positive spin on anything coming out of Trump. My only point was that it's misinformation to say that the US is unilingual by policy - that only became partially true in March 2025 via a toothless (and blatantly unconstitutional) executive order.

And it's not "soft acceptance of Spanish here and there," all levels of government are legally required to print official documents in whatever languages their community speaks; cities usually have ballots in dozens of languages. This is a constitutional requirement, bolstered by the Voting Rights Act, and Trump has not yet done enough damage to make those legal requirements go away via diktat.
> This is exactly why I still play Go, practice martial arts, archery and use the command line for my dev workflow.

And this is what worries me. Pre-LLM, I'd get all my practice done during work hours. I fear that with LLMs, I'll need to do all this practice on my free time, effectively reducing my truly "free" time.
Ask HN: What's the ideal stack for a solo dev in 2025
I’m a marketer turned dev. When I built my first SaaS 3 years ago, I went with ROR because it seemed like the ideal stack for a solo dev.

But with all the development in AI, I wonder, is it still the best choice? Most AI tools have JS or Python integration but the Rails ecosystem seems a bit behind.

But at the same time, a lot of the JS ecosystem feels all over the place.

So what tech stack should a solo dev use in 2025?
Have you met any OpenAI employee who is confident in the company's AI strategy? There is very little moat here for anyone.
Free speech advocates: It doesn't matter what this person said. In this case they wrote an opinion piece in a college newspaper. For this they had their Visa revoked and have been pulled off the street at my son's college. This is not ok! I don't agree with her opinion, many people don't, but she is allowed to have it, and to speak clearly in the public square. THIS IS NOT OK.
If you run some proxy server, you could run MCP servers remotely
The [Ploopy] Classic 2. It's finally here
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43485980
I am sure that you have seen some pedestrian friendly suburbs. So have I. I never said that they are all hostile to pedestrians. Some are designed for people instead of cars. It is rare.
Very few organizations and even countries can develop both a launch vehicle and a satellite. Botswana has done fine to develop a satellite that integrates onto a rideshare launch. They aren't working with anything close to the headcount or budget of NASA or even the ESA.

Edit (rather than reply and make the comment chain long): It's fine that you read it that way. I figure that if the article were about a launch vehicle then it would have been the rocket's name in the title, and if the article were about the satellite then it would have the satellite's name (BOTSAT-1). If Botswana had developed both an orbital launch vehicle and their first satellite then I'd bet the headline would have been sensational.
They mentioned SHA-256 as an example, here -- https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43483313
> I personally think we are going to see country-scale enshitification of everything as lazy people use AI to generate everything which is then reviewed by lazy people who also use AI to review everything and no one notices or cares until it's too late

Sound about right to me. A large quantity of documentation is written solely to be written, not read. If it's your job to write reports, article, memos, whatever, and you deep down know that this isn't being read, then why not have to AI do it?

I think that we're producing way to many documents/reports/content in general and we need to slow down. Humans can't keep up, neither on the production side, nor the consumption, so we employ computers to "help", but it's all busy work.
> there is a point where the abstraction works so well you really don't need to know how it works underneath

There is a point where most people might not need to know

There is never a point where no one needs to know
Not true at all, Jesus was a 2nd Temple Jewish teacher of some sort (likely apocalyptic prophet), historians and scholars agree on that.
Why would you think the Trump regime would respect Canadian sovereignty in this case when he has literally threatened to annex the country?
The complaint here is that Firefox won't do what Chromium does, and Chromium's extensions are active and reachable in installed PWAs.
I'm not trying to reassure anyone. I'm explaining that US pre clearance is not US soil, it's Canadian soil, and what they can do there is very limited relative to what they can do in the US at actual US ports of entry. The "preclearance is US soil thing" is a common misunderstanding.
You need function calling support in the models in order to layer MCP over the top of them.
> As an American citizen, you can refuse to have your electronics searched to reenter the US

Sure. And lose your day to being held for fuck all. Like I hear you, and I absolutely have the vindictive streak that would drive me to do this under the right circumstances. But you should be prepared to be detained, harassed, all while maintaining your cool and collecting detailed mental notes for follow through with a lawsuit.
Block has an open source tool called Goose that invokes MCP.
https://block.github.io/goose/
> American higher education is expensive, because you chose to defund public universities. And because you have an unhealthy obsession with rankings and top universities. Those are the things you need to change more than education itself.

There's this and also the massive budgets for college sports and fancy student housing that make it worse.
> But MCP also feels a bit overrated:

VCs invested in AI and agentic companies needed a way to get you guys to accelerate agents this year.

So why not "create" artificial hype for MCPs on the internet, since there were little to no MCP servers for LLMs to use despite it being several months old (November 2024) until Cursor integrated it.

This is the true reason why you see them screaming about MCPs everywhere.
Dual U.S./Canadian citizen: in theory I don’t think my family and I are at much risk in traveling back to the United States. But we’re not motivated by fear so much as just generalized dismay and a desire to keep my loonies on this side of the border
But at least Windows isn't the number one OS anymore.
> Also, the red states could sell the food to blue states, but just at a much higher margin than they currently do.

The farms and just about everything else in "red" states are subsidized by the "blue" states. Their farms are not sustainable nor really competitive without those subsidies. They're completely financially ruined without subsidies and their largest customers. They're not going to be able to replace the "blue" states ports and neither Canada or Mexico are likely going to be interested in transporting their wares without hefty tariffs.

It's almost like the country works because various groups work together under common legal frameworks despite ideological differences and uncompromising culture ware is short sided idiocy.
Based on all the work he has done, and knowing that this is some hard work. It doesn't come from one hour of computers a day.
That looks really cool, but as we see from the size of the traces, I doubt you can fit a modern surface mount chip on that.
SpaceX didn't spend an absurd amount of money getting Falcon 9 to where it is. It was a lot, but pretty typical, even somewhat cheap, for developing a brand new rocket. Repeating their feat should be even cheaper, since you won't be taking detours trying out parachutes and such before settling on the final architecture. It's a relatively straightforward application of known technology, not bleeding edge stuff like 5nm chip making.

An organization that can produce Ariane 6 should be able to produce a Falcon 9 clone with similar effort. The real problem is overcoming the of the old, slow, expensive way of doing things.
She's parroted more than just one talking point.

https://apnews.com/article/tulsi-gabbard-assad-syria-trip-dn...

> “Her response was, ‘How do you know it was Assad and Russia and not ISIS?’” Mustafa recalled of the exchange. “Ludicrous question: ISIS doesn’t have airplanes.” Henning, the spokeswoman for the Trump transition, denied the exchange occurred.

> Two years later, she echoed similar doubts about the Trump administration’s assessment that the Assad regime used sarin gas to attack civilians. A United Nations panel and numerous other foreign governments came to the same conclusion.

https://apnews.com/article/gabbard-trump-putin-intelligence-...

> “This war and suffering could have easily been avoided if Biden Admin/NATO had simply acknowledged Russia’s legitimate security concerns,” she posted on Twitter at the start of Russia’s invasion in 2022.

> Gabbard’s remarks about Russia haven’t gone unnoticed in Moscow, where state-run media have praised her and even jokingly referred to her as a Russian agent. An article published Friday in RIA Novosti, a major Russian state-controlled news agency, called Gabbard “superwoman” and noted her past appearances on Russian TV, claiming that Ukrainian intelligence views her as “probably an agent of the Russian special services.”
There is a way to explicitly specify the language of the document in the HTML metadata: `<html lang="en">`.

Google doesn't guess if it has strong signal on what the language is.
Yes! This is high on our list. Context window compression is a big deal, and this is one of the main ways to do it, IMO.

Have you tried any tools that do this particularly well?
The US is not there yet. But if there is no reversal within the next couple of years, then it will kick in. And that is hard.
Then why now all of a sudden instead of 6 months ago?
https://archive.vn/9o6zC
I’m not sure where that quote is from but it is incorrect, CSVs aren’t easily viewed or modified in text editors in general (at least not in any way that takes advantage of their tabular nature).

There’s at least a slight chance that tab separated values will look ok in a text editor (although in general, nope).
they don't understand, it's as if they don't want to understand even statements like the US going out of NATO tell you they do not know how much of NATO the US really controls the military decision maker is a 4 star US General, most of the missile systems and RADARs are under US control all the communication system of NATO is under US Control, without the US it would be scattered military units and a considerable number of EU made equipment with a lot of US made Equipment in different countries.
Both The Verge and 9to5 are citing this as the original source:

https://www.androidauthority.com/google-android-development-...
The issue is if you are a Republican, you will never make it to the general election if you have to compete in the primaries against someone who is further to the right and endorsed by Trump/Musk.

You can’t get enough money to compete against Musk and the true MAGAs who vote in the primaries and forgive anything that Trump does.
With Google Photos and YouTube they should have had enough leverge to build a social platform based on photo and video sharing. The implementation, marketing and commitment just wasn't there.
Isn't the plan to move Android to Fuchsia eventually (and seamlessly)?
It's been a few days since I read that article but wasn't she unaware her visa had expired? Either way, the way she was treated was barbaric and if I had the good fortune to be Canadian I wouldn't risk it either.
I am not a leftist. I do not believe that constitutes a war. It is a dictator denying his people freedom and commiting heinous acts to hold onto power. A war implies an opposing army, not rebels. America's freedom was won by rebellion. Your argument is alien to the founding of this nation, and is almost treasonous. We clearly will not agree on this point. She is not reaching across the aisle. She's always been an infiltrator who loves attention more than morality. The guy backed by Iran and who has warplanes lost against people armed with leftover artillery. That is the power of the will of the people. The ending would have been way more poetic if justice was served in his country, instead of his cowardice flight to Russia. Though I bet Tulsi will follow suit after her next act of treason
Published papers, just like accounting records, are immutable artifacts. People need to be able to say, "In Arneson & Dijksterhuis 2014, the figure given for the solanine concentration in eggplants is an order of magnitude too high because of a typographical error," or, "In Arneson & Dijksterhuis 2014, the figure given for the solanine concentration in eggplants is correct to within 25% and does not contain a typographical error," and for other people to be able to verify that. "Just replac[ing] the document on the web server" is considered serious academic misconduct, among other things because you might be introducing errors into previously correct published work that others had referenced. For this case, torrents' immutability is a feature, not a bug.

In 01994 the general population didn't know how to use the internet, but it was already very useful for researchers. Software improved over time to simplify using it.

What benefit would there be? The benefit would be that it prevents AI bots from destroying Open Access.
Google Translate turning a non-word in a source language into an unrelated word in the target language is an old, known misbehavior. I don't think LLMs changed anything there.
Maybe my comment should have been more clear. I don’t think it’s surprising or bad that they don’t have their own launch vehicle, I just found the headline a bit misleading because it could sound that way. It’s still a great achievement.
Hijacking an UltraHuman Ring to Steal and Modify Health Data
> How is 7500 netto affordable

You are right, that’s 6000-6300 for average income depending on tax deductions. 2500 rent may still be affordable.

> How do you get a rent controlled apartment.

Just like any other one. People move out, existing apartments go back to the market.
Then why now all of a sudden but not at all 6 months ago?
Prepare(): a new API proposal for process creation
UNIX famously uses fork+exec to create processes, a simple API that is nevertheless quite tricky to use correctly and that comes with a bunch of problems. The alternative, spawn, as used by VMS, Windows NT and recently POSIX, fixes many of these issues but it overly complex and makes it hard to add new features.

prepare() is a proposed API to simplify process creation. When calling prepare(), the current thread enters “preparation state.” That means, a nascent process is created and the current thread is moved to the context of this process, but without changing memory maps (this is similar to how vfork() works). Inside the nascent process, you can configure the environment as desired and then call prep_execve() to execute a new program. On success, prep_execve() leaves preparation state, moving the current thread back to the parent's process context and returns (!) the pid of the now grownup child. You can also use prep_exit() to abort the child without executing a new process, it similarly returns the pid of the now zombified child.

Here's an example for executing a child with stdout redirected to /dev/null:

int stfu(char prog, char argv[]) {
if (prepare(NULL) == -1)
return (-1);

int fd = open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY);
if (fd == -1) {
return (prep_exit(1));
}

dup2(fd, 1);
close(fd);

int pid = prep_execve(prog, argv, environ);
if (pid == -1) {
return (prep_exit(1));
}

return (pid);

}

The key advantage of this API is that it has completely linear control flow like spawn, while preserving the flexible builder-pattern provided by fork+exec. No double-return shenanigans like with fork and execve. And because the nascent process shares memory with the parent, it's possible to communicate failure to execute and similar stuff using simple variables.
Yep, without going into too much detail. My sister had a green card, is white, and clearly got a bored customs agent, because she got held in the little room with all the 'problem cases' for a couple of hours. It doesn't take much..
The NIH Moves to Stop Studying Vaccine Skepticism
As a Canadian who lives near the border (as many do), my family and I have been shopping in the US for decades. Covid already put a dent in that, but I can't see ever doing that again. As comparison, my dad remembers going weekly to the US for grocery shopping.
A frustrated user probably.
I think google will end up winning enterprise, and the fact that Apple didn't sign a sole partnership with OpenAI, but kept Gemini in the mix lends a lot of credence to this.

Google is the only "classic" org in the SOTA model space, and the only one in the whole race who doesn't have to kiss the ground Jensen Huang walks on. They are big enough to be able to "pay you back" if they colossally fuck up, and the chances of them going belly up are pretty slim. They also have the cheapest models to boot.

From a business standpoint, Google is the safest play on many levels, even if their models are just good enough.
They're probably using an ad network to emit spot-surveys where the ads would show up, although details unclear from the article.

(... honestly, how else will they gather survey data? It's not like they can harass people in the malls Americans don't go to anymore).
Unless you are naturalized in which case there might be suspicions that were illegally naturalized (for example you did not disclose all social media handles that you own in your application).

Or you could be a birthright citizen in which case you can be detained just to be the test subject in the supreme court case.

In summary no one is safe except Trump at this point.
2 states or 10 the house and the office of the president would never be in republican hands. The largest population in western part is more left than California and nevermind the Canadian right is left of the Democrats believing in universal healthcare and other safety nets.
This is going to sound a bit odd, but I suggest you detail what your tools do well and what they struggle with. For example I love Haxe, which is a niche programming language primarily for game development.

The vast majority of the time I try to use an llm with it, the code is essentially useless as it will try to invent methods that don't even exist.

For example if you're coding agents are really only good at JavaScript and a little bit of python, tell me that front and center.
Of course. I’m not saying I roll my own parser for every project that uses a CSV file, I’m just describing my criteria for using CSV vs some other format when I have the option.
They don't support it, but they mostly don't care about it (or rather Trump's threats to do so) either. Otherwise Trump's approval rating would not be around 50%.
few developers want to think a lot about CI/CD. The best solution is one that is remarkably close to everything you can do locally.
Standards might not have been _the_ problem, but they were _a_ problem. Before MCP I couldn't distribute a tool call that could be configured by end-users to be used with multiple mainstream clients.
I don't know playwright, but how is this different than puppeteer?

The issue I'm noticing with puppeteer is that it isn't always successful to immediately get the right javascript to complete a simple task such as accepting a cookie consent banner, for example.
offff, that is a lot.

is there any data on which direction is impacted more?
Pardon? Maybe my definition of that term is just different but that seems wholly unrelated.
The risk is that I end up wasting a bunch of my time arguing with people about it, because I can't let someone be wrong on the internet. https://xkcd.com/386/
final in java only makes the primitive (or reference) immutable

not the object
Idiocracy was supposed to be funny, not terrifying.
> Pre-LLM, I'd get all my practice done during work hours. I fear that with LLMs, I'll need to do all this practice on my free time

If you can attach a valid business reason/excuse then it's fairly easy to get time dedicated to experimentation and learning.

I haven't been a coder for several years now, but I still try to justify a personal lab environment in order to understand the market and customer problems.

If you're an Engineer or EM, I think it would be even easier (attach experimentation to some sort of critical engineering initiative).

Even with Code Gen Copilots becoming a thing, between the lines most of us in engineering and business leadership recognize it cannot replace architecture or design. If it can, then you've solved the Turing or Chinese Room problem and that's a whole other story.

That said, if your day job isn't only "write this terraform/python script" you shouldn't be at risk.