skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There was enough computing demand from Europe before this 'shift' (it's one tech enthusiast here). Large US cloud just opened DCs in Europe. No European cloud provider wanted to step up and provide the level of service US giants offer.
I get decentralized is a thing but maybe "being able to easily migrate my stuff to another service" could be a thing too.
You can't copyright a cocktail, so what's a creative bartender to do? (2019)
Show HN: NoraryChains – Blockchain Notarization Without Middlemen
Hey HN,

I built NoraryChains, a decentralized notarization and document verification platform powered by blockchain. The goal is to eliminate middlemen, reduce costs, and provide tamper-proof proof of authenticity.

How it Works:

Upload a document (or hash) to generate a blockchain-verified proof.

Anyone can verify authenticity without relying on third parties.

Smart contracts ensure transparency and immutability.

Why This Matters:

Traditional notary services are expensive, slow, and require trust in centralized entities. With NoraryChains, verification is instant, borderless, and verifiable by anyone.

Would love to hear your feedback! What do you think about blockchain’s role in notarization? Any suggestions for improvement?

Try it here: [https://www.notarychains.com/]
On my first team in 2011 we used Phabricator before the company sprung for github enterprise. Phabricator was fine; you could even just copy/paste the output of `git diff` into a form on the UI as an alternative to pushing to a monitored branch.
Side projects? What critical data did you have in them? Honestly curious.

I am all in to move away from google, dropbox, etc.
Recycling products from the inside out: Scientists tackle plastic pollution
There is also some very recent advances to laser communication, which explains the increased interest: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-023-01201-7
Component Simplicity
Honestly I doubt it. For now, the really big users, companies and large organisations are waiting it out. If they can sort of get by for the next four years, then they aren't going to make the switch, and frankly neither would I.
From a tech standpoint, nothing changed with Trump. The NSA had all the backdoors before Trump.
> Out of compliance, the US Treasury posted this notice to US lawmakers, breaking the news that a “China state-sponsored Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) actor” had breached their systems.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ekr2nIex040

ROSÉ & Bruno Mars - APT. (Official Music Video)
I don't know what Hindley-Milner means, but maybe Coalton matches what you mean? <https://github.com/coalton-lang/coalton>
For me it's not even about privacy, it's pretty clear that no matter where I host things, if I don't have control of the hardware and the TLS termination then there's no privacy I can guarantee.

However there's still a case to be made for some form of digital sovereignty.

It's no longer considered a complete paranoid delusion that the US could snap its fingers and put tariffs/sanctions on digital goods served from US companies or consider the EU to be proscribed and cut access entirely.

I used to allow myself to think of the consequences of such a situation, after all the US very famously stated that they have no such thing as allies, only temporary allegiances, and as a brit: that is a sobering thought, because we cosy up to them a lot - even going so far as to join them in an illegal war.

However, if you consider the economic harm that would be caused by microsoft just cutting access to Office365, disabling the licenses used or even cutting access to EntraID and managed sharepoints and/or Teams. Most of the EU would not lose billions in lost productivity, they would lose trillions.

What a crazy economic risk, and that's just one product. Nearly all digital services in the EU depend nearly entirely on Azure/AWS & GCP.

Even the ones that don't depend on hosting, still depend on Google Workspace or Office365; both of which depend heavily upon online services which may not always be online during heavy tensions.

I know this is difficult to reason about, but we really have our heads in the alligators mouth when it comes to our digital capability- it will be hard to remove it, and many people are enjoying the echo and will actively fight against attempts for change.
Currently I'm either docked or fully portable, for that a 14" MBP is just right.

It's big enough to work as a second (or third) display when docked and also small enough to be used and carried pretty much anywhere.

It's also chonky enough to be sturdy to carry and have enough ports for everything I need.
If you indent each line by, uh, something (I use 4 spaces), HN gives you code formatting:

class Rect(left, top, right, bottom)

fun rect_like_to_rect(v):
match v
| Rect(_, _, _, _): v
| {"LT": [l, t], "RB": [r, b]}: Rect(l, t, r, b)
| {"TL": [t, l], "RB": [b, r]}: Rect(l, t, r, b)

rect_like_to_rect({"TL": [0, 2], "RB": [10, 5]})
// ⇒ Rect(0, 2, 10, 5)
rect_like_to_rect({"LT": [0, 2], "RB": [10, 5]})
// ⇒ Rect(2, 0, 5, 10)

Not sure about the typo though, just wanted to make the code readable here since showing off code in the language being talked about is helpful.
Q: There is not a single occurrence of the word "infer" (and related terms such as "inference") in the whole paper. Did you carefully try to avoid it or did this happen accidentally? Or is it the point of your paper?

(I encounter Type Checking only in my IDE when red squiggly lines appear under syntax errors etc. So consider this a layman Q)
It's just negativity bias. We're hardwired to remember our wounds and avoid getting them again. And apparently we're hardwired to engage with those more than praising the great ones.

For some harder numbers though: it seems to also follow the pareto principle : https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2023/11/13/most-amer...

20% of "fair/poor" management ruining the 80% of good.

(though this is from 2023. A lot has changed in sentiments since then).
The biggest elephants in the room are cloud providers, but I didn't find an easy alternative yet (hetzner, ovhcloud). ATM, the idea to the business is sold, that data resides somewhere near by in a datacenter, EU proximity. However, the EU businesses are realising that, well, whole region is at a mercy of one person.
Add to this integration with an entire family of languages. Racket permits you to jump between different syntaxes. The closest thing that immediately comes to mind is writing inline C in Chicken or Gambit Scheme and that's far clunkier. Hy (embeds in python) also comes to mind but Python often seems rather slow.
It would be nice if that was true. But school and university has taught people to first and foremost be obedient.
That means a large majority of people doesn't care about the truth at all, only what the relevant authorities are saying.

Many of those authorities have learnt that deciding what is true based on reality is good and all, but you live longer and better by making friends and not disagreeing with them.

This is a societal failing.
I am really questioning that initial premise that "we need an European cloud". Here I roughly understand "we need a few big European hyperscaler with a dozen huge datacenters we can migrate to" because this is the model we understand. But you are fundamentally "fighting the last battle", the wrong battle.

The idea of an European cloud has happened several time before and I was once strongly encouraged to select one so I investigated, here are my findings:

About 10 years ago all those countries needed a cloud to put their government and sensitive industries on, so public money and contracts was given to friendly corporations.
Once the initial chunk of free money ran out a lot of those companies got rid of the business. In France a lot got sold to Orange, the big telco partially owned by the state.

I considered it because according to some metrics they had the biggest cloud in Europe.

I found out quickly they actually immediately given everything to Huawei. So it was all managed by Huawei but if I remember correctly still hosted on Orange premises.

Strangely information about it is more difficult to find now but you can still read about it on third party websites [0].

By the way all of this is GDPR whatever compliant.

I just did a quick search and it seems they had to shut it down in 2024 because Huawei became such a radioactive topic. Information is hard to find about it in English.

In the end the companies who were forced to select a "sovereign cloud" probably went through hell and moved around several time in the last 10 years.
You are told you should/must go on a sovereign cloud, you then end up on a Chinese cloud and you are then kicked out of it.

I am not pushing for the big american hyperscalers but be very careful before listening to politicians.

- [0] https://www.techmonitor.ai/hardware/cloud/orange-introduces-...
Curious to read that because I’ve always had the opposite opinion of the above:

Typescript looks nice to work with but the tool chain is horrible (this isn’t really Typescripts fault though, more a synonym of it having to compile to JS).

Go looks horrible to work with (too simplified syntax) but is actually really nice because the tooling is (mostly) spot on and it’s simplified syntax weirdly helps with maintainability for large projects that have evolved over multiple years.

I guess this just goes to show how much personal preference can be a driving force behind our platforms of choice.
Google works for you too, friend.
Social media these days are more concerned with boosting and increasing their sales.

Even Twitter has just started prompting for boosting replies. Thing is there is not much guarantee of conversion too.

If you're planning to use social media for promoting your product, it will take a good amount of time to build a loyal userbase first.
Legally Proton is not based in European Union nor European Economic Area. Switzerland is extra EU just like USA, China or Russia
It's not just about backdoors; on a broader level, we're shifting toward a protectionist economic model, which contrasts sharply with globalism.
No, I was much fatter than I appeared to myself in the mirror.

It lead to a health journey, but the gradual fattening wasn't visible until I saw myself with "fresh eyes".
You describe a plan for building it. That is but one piece of the equation. How will you sell it? Why should people pick you over established AWS/Azure/GC? Will you target new projects, or get people to migrate? How does the strategies there differ? What is the timeline to becoming profitable? How will you fund it in the meantime?
Same object doesn't have to be contended if the reference count is sharing cache line with another reference count.

I've seen this happen in cases arrays of objects are allocated, ie one per thread, and then handed to a thread pool to work on.

Even if heap allocated, if the object is just a reference counter and a few pointers, the memory allocator can fit several of them next to each other causing them to share cache lines, which causes the performance issues with atomic operations.

Depends on implementation of things of course, but can be a pitfall.
When I heard that version 2 was 21 years old. I felt old like when you hear that the Matrix movie is 26 years old.
You cant compare switzerland to china or russia lol

its more like EU is 10, switzerland is 11 or 12
OVH and Hetzner are excellent companies. I doubt there would be any problem with them in the future.
About Bitwarden, i have a setting to use European server when I connect to and register a new account.

Wouldn’t it have been easier to just migrate from Bitwarden us server to European server ?

Proton pass free tier lack feature compared to Bitwarden.

Beside id argue that no cloud is better than European cloud. There is keepass for instance, with syncthing it works pretty well.
Awesome to see BYD continue to innovate! I wish Tesla continued to push on powertrain improvements like this rather than making a triangle shaped truck.
The cleverness is in the simplicity of its implementation while maintaining backwards compatibility. Which satisfies the definition of “elegance”.

Working with Unicode is anything but elegant, but that’s another story.
Won't too much fast charging deteriorate the battery health faster?
Nice! I know a couple of projects that have been using this pattern.

- https://bsky.app/profile/jakthom.bsky.social/post/3lbarcvzrc...

- https://bsky.app/profile/jakthom.bsky.social/post/3lb4y65z24...

- https://skyfirehose.com

Love this distribution pattern. Users can go to the Parquet files or attach to your "curated views" on a small DuckDB database file.
It is still overvalued.
> putting multiple icons under the same button and then changing the icons too to make it entirely impossible to find anything

This also annoys me to no end. Here is how to fix the icons:

Ungroup GIMP tool icons:

Edit -> Preferences -> Interface -> Toolbox -> Untoggle "Use tool groups"

Restore old icons with color:

Edit -> Preferences -> Interface -> Icon Theme -> Select "Legacy"

And while we are at it, here are a few more quality-of-live improvements:

- Pressing '/' opens a search dialog for all tools.

- By default, the brush size selector precision is garbage. You can get fine precision by using '[' or ']' keys, mouse wheel or right click + drag instead of left click + drag.

GIMP can do most things, but it is unfortunately a good example of how sane defaults are important.

That being said, I've tried version 3 and did not notice a large difference in UI except that everything is a darker shade of gray: https://i.imgur.com/Lj5BIA2.png

sudo snap install gimp --channel=preview/stable
/snap/bin/gimp
Ahhhh...! I got a competitor...! I need to be fast...!
GIMP is such a joke. Really one of the worst examples of "FOSS" corruption. Touted as a flagship, moribund and useless.
This doesn't work as I actually did this game! Had no job and no income. They ask for a list of assets and they take 5% per year. So if you have a $1M in savings they take $50K per year.... $2M and then you are paying full boat in any case.
While taking in billions of NASA dollars. It's not like there isn't precedent.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLOUD_Act

It doesn't matter where the servers are located physically
Technically TypeScript doesn’t force you to anything other than writing valid JS code. Its design was great for wide adoption but also suffers from the JS part.
Does somebody know if there are any AI features in GIMP?
Discussion (262 points, 3 days ago, 295 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43367987
Great points.

> If a resolution requires a system change, what organization would allow one person at 3am to make it and push to prod?

The only advantage of having a micromanaging manager: if they want to review all PRs and system changes, they also must be on call every single night of the year.
Show HN: AI Dinner Party – LLMs discuss your topic and a winner is chosen
Hey all,
I started watching the show Mythic Quest last month and they had an episode where the dev created a feature called Dinner Party for their game and for some reason I got the idea to make this website.

AI Dinner Party is a place where you can browse or create your own DP where you choose AI models from different providers to talk about a topic of your choice. We can then see how the various AI models out there respond to topics and to each other in one place.

The process:

1. You choose the topic, rounds, meal, AIs, and temperatures.

2. The selected AI host introduces the topic.

3. Each selected AI dinner guest provides their opening statement.

4. Each AI adds to the conversation in order until the number of selected rounds completes.

5. Each AI provides their closing statement.

6. The AI host summarizes the conversation and chooses which AI dinner guest was the most compelling.

7. The Dinner Party is then posted for all to see.

I am planning to add a food fight mode where the AI are more playfully aggressive with each other, and of course throw food.

Hope you find it fun, it is kinda silly.
Let me know what you think!
For what it's worth - I've been in tech for close to 30 years and honestly met 2 or 3 managers that really did their job well and truly helped.

The rest got jobs from mergers, takeovers, friendships, time or lack of strategy/interest from others.

And what happened to the good ones you may ask? They all left the places where I was to grow somewhere else.

Management mostly creates politics (ghost & real ones) - I would love for management to truly help teams employees and projects - but they rarely do.

To be a good manager you need to manage up and down - but most only manage up...
> What are you going to do with that file you "identified" if not read it to get something out of it

Anything where there's a decision based on the file format but not its contents. This happens all the time.

* Telling the user what file type it is.

* Choosing a parser to load a file with.

* Restricting file types on upload forms.

* Identifying files for linters.

* Associating files with programs.

Ok some of those use file extensions because it's a lot easier and text based formats often don't have a magic number, but it's still a valid use case.
Anyone knows a good github/lab alternative that is hosted in Europe? That article scared me of the potential loss of my code.
I found Kotlin a "typed Ruby" (I found Ruby a "sane Perl").

Rust seems pretty nice to work with (good DX) in it's domain: close to the metal programs were every tick counts. The main DX issue with it would be compile times.

Go's awful to me from a DX perspective as it is lacks proper error handling. Compile times are great though.

Maybe OCaml is a good fit for me (and you!). Fast compile times and good error handling.

TypeScript suffers too much from being a JS superset. JS has horrendous DX imho.
> Tuition is around 21% of their revenue

The bulk of that tuition is grad school tuition — MBA, law school, and all non-terminal master’s degrees being large contributors — plus exec ed.

Undergraduate tuition is a small fraction of that.
It's not your typical "battery breakthrough" news though -- the technology is being commercialized as we speak:

>The new charging architecture will be initially available in two new EVs – Han L sedan and Tang L SUV priced from 270,000 yuan ($37,330)
>But you are fundamentally "fighting the last battle"

In your opinion, what is the current/future battle, then?
There was an article around here about how battery life actually improves if you ultra-fast charge the battery when you make it.

Maybe it will deteriorate it, but it seems that the effect that different charge types have on batteries may not be complete yet.
Things like this are why I'm glad I'm not a Game Character Artist. I'd just give everyone trainers and be done with it haha
Then compare it to Singapore.
Maybe I missed it... But That doesn't explain how it integrates with the host system (other than it doesn't ?)

It also doesn't explain how your PATH is maintained. When you type 'pwd' into the terminal, which version from the nix store is used? There must be a master copy or master symlink. You're not typing hashes all the time

Snaps have their issues, but if you run 'firefox' there is only one snap. The versions are not guaranteed to play nice with the distro app versions though. That's kind of why they can't snap everything

PS: There are actually nuances that it seems Nix doesn't handle clearly. If libA requires libB and libC. LibB and libC both require a libD at different version numbers - then you can't safely link two libD versions(short of name mangling). You need to build libB and libC at some version of libD that will work for both. Maybe you specific a set of workable dependency versions and let the system resolve them ? Seems very messy. Ubuntu just gives you the version numbers and you need to patch the code to work with them
Bold of you to assume that the new sheriff in town (or any successors) will ever step down.
Exactly, Typescript doesn't stop working because of random runtime errors, it stops working because you didn't update the toolchain tangle last Thursday and then some configuration file got out of whack with the tsc defaults ;-)
Hetzner supports object storage now: https://www.hetzner.com/storage/object-storage/

Or you might consider Scaleway, who also do managed relational databases.
Free markets like to make money for capital holders, and tend towards a monopoly or oligopoly as that maximizes profit extraction.

Name a free market where there is an economy of scale and network effect, which does not tend towards monopoly or oligopoly.

More fundamentally, if (say) Germany wants to move all of its government operations off of US-based IT, should it wait until the market has provided a solution? Or should it do like all governments have always done, and change the marketplace?

Nor is this unique to governments. Some of my clients require me to agree to their ethical practices, like "no child labor." They are using their purchasing power to change the marketplace.

Why do the countries with higher taxes and government regulations and policies over health care have better overall health outcomes than those with lower taxes and regulations?

There is a demand for clean beaches. Where is the free market for pollution control?
I recently had to use MS365 for a short time and I hated every moment.
Privacy rights in the EU are being eroded as we speak. Unless people there get off their high horse, they'll succumb to the same level of authoritarianism and surveillance as in the states.

Also, sorry, but the idea that EU countries are in any position to build a serious hyperscaler is pure fiction. Growth, funding, risk, innovation - those are alien concepts to European entrepreneurs.
Part of the research is probably making this effect less pronounced?
Definitely not the title (Leadership team)

vs "A VC Controlled Company Hijacked One of the Most Successful Open-Source Projects"
The solution to that is to either:

1) If you're gonna return pointers, don't use an allocation scheme that invalidates pointers in the implementation of map_t.

2) If you want to reallocate and move memory, don't return pointers, return abstracted handles/indices.

Both of those are completely possible and not particularly unergonomic to do in C.
If you need to enforce invariants, then enforce them, C does have enough abstraction level for that.
I'd love to hear how a single IC can do this.
The European Commission has recognized the Swiss Data Protection Act as equivalent to the GDPR. This allows data to continue to flow freely between Switzerland and the EU.
Both companies are excellent, and I'd absolutely trust them with my business, but neither can replace something like AWS. The friends I have at companies who are actively using AWS are all relying on a fairly large number of AWS only services. Either they'd need to stand up their own replacements and host those services on VMs, or in some cases rewrite parts of their stack.

E.g. if you're using AWS Cognito then you're not going anywhere.
A shame that OP recommends Proton. The fact they don't support open email protocols like IMAP/SMTP without an extremely frustrating proxy setup is what ultimately turned me away from their service. Being able to "just" use a native mail client is pretty much a must.

The vendor lock-in from something like Proton feels way worse as a result.

Can't speak to Proton Pass, but it strikes me as a replacement that seems unnecessary: if Bitwarden is a problem, the server can be selfhosted, something which the OP seems to be familiar with.

Some of the others feel of more... questionable issues to have with US cloud services; it's hard to find problems with Dockerhub and NPM that aren't just general problems with these services/the company behind them (mainly NPM). Maybe that's just because the public/private concern for both of those services is pretty different than the others mentioned here.
Personal anecdote:
A relative of mine has his own business that covers all sorts of IT stuff.
He has a starlink running permanently as a backup because a couple of times a year his fiber experiences some downtime.