skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It made a massive difference in the day to day lives of the most affected people — the chronically ill.

I cannot emphasize enough how much of a death sentence being chronically ill before the ACA was. No protection for preexisting conditions meant one unfortunate incident could cost you your job could cost your your healthcare could cost you your ability to get back on solid footing to get another job.
I have a feeling that economies of scale have a point of diminishing returns. At what point does it become more costly and complicated to store your data on S3 versus just maintaining a server with RAID disks somewhere?

S3 is an engineering marvel, but it's an insanely complicated backend architecture just to store some files.
Parsing anything from a potential adversary needs to account for failure. Unbounded recursion is secure (ie fails safely) if the compiler is working properly.

As to DoS, without looking at the code I'm unclear why various approaches to bounding resource consumption wouldn't have worked. I assume something specific to this library and how it is used must have prevented the obvious approaches. Still, not an issue in the general case.
> The last hop off the relay is unencrypted breaking the security model.

Isn't that only true of using Tor to access regular websites, not hidden services?
Gift link: https://www.wsj.com/lifestyle/cars/autos-technology-gear-shi...
What if the developers of the dominate engine becomes complacent and decides that it's "good enough" and we get stuck in another IE6 situation where development stops for years and years?

Yes, Chromium and Blink are open source, but they are effectively Googles open source project. If you're unhappy with their direction you'll need to fork it.
Do you have better ones?
I've been an individual contributor and a manager as well. here's my simple guide to make the most of 1:1

1. Talk about getting a promotion (even if you don't want one) - this will help you get better regardless
2. Talk about 'taking over' some of your manager's work - perhaps temporarily while he/she is on vacation. (This indicates leadership)
3. Talk about doing something that makes you a 'world class X' (well at least you need to become the best at X in your company. If your manager can't help you get there at least he/she should reduce obstacles)
4. Talk about how you can be less of a burden for the manager (from the manager perspective, the best reportee is the one you do not need to manage)
Who cares if the term "10X dev" was derived from a misunderstanding of actual studies (that may or may not be legitimate), the term itself is very clearly about superhuman rock stars.

If you want to move the discussion of 10X devs away from the 10X dev then stop using the term "10X dev".
In theory, Tesla can move more manufacturing the the US right?

It seems a lot of the mythology around Musk was solving problems just like this, figuring out how to manufacture components themselves at 1/100 the cost.
Hard to tease the two apart.

When Tesla was new, EV range was inherently expensive, the original Leaf was only able to be affordable because the battery was small.

Now, batteries are so cheap this is no longer a trade-off; also why new Leaf models are longer range.
This is a silly argument and I'm sure you know it.
Scrapbook – addon that captures web pages to local device or back end server
This article adds to the conversation of the 10x engineer. They are only 10x because 1x engineers exist.

They are only proud 10x because their narcissistic self looks proudly at 1x engineer in smudge fashion that they are better than someone else.

They are 10x because the system is stable enough and beautiful enough to allow for them to be 10x, and also allow for the 1x engineers to be good enough.

So lets champion the system and the normal engineers out there.
Exactly. The article would have been much more informative if it had detailed why the usual approaches to limiting resource usage wouldn't work to prevent DoS here.
Good points. Though, the Soviet attempt has been extremely successful in many ways. We owe the social state we have in modern society to the Soviets succeeding in establishing all those practices and programs and showing that they can be done. In the 1930s the capital was doing incessant propaganda saying how social programs would cause a society to collapse. Soviet union proved all of them wrong and it became impossible to prevent implementation of the modern social state we have today.
S3 is up there as one of my favorite tech products ever. Over the years I've used it for all sorts of things but most recently I've been using it to roll my own DB backup system.

One of the things that shocks me about the system is the level of object durability. A few years ago I was taking an AWS certification course and learned that their durability number means that one can expect to loose data about once every 10,000 years. Since then anytime I talk about S3's durability I bring up that example and it always seems to convey the point for a layperson.

And it's "simplicity" is truly elegant. When I first started using S3 I thought of it as a dumb storage location but as I learned more I realized that it had some wild features that they all managed to hide properly so when you start it looks like a simple system but you can gradually get deeper and deeper until your S3 bucket is doing some pretty sophisticated stuff.

Last thing I'll say is, you know your API is good when "S3 compatable API" is a selling point of your competitors.
> If you're in a country where the gov is a threat to your privacy, you're in a dictatorship.

Really? Nothing to hide?

Any practical democracy does strange stuff.
> Will Clayton, a 33-year-old Greenville, S.C. resident who works in finance, frequently rents cars when he travels for work. On one such trip, he was put off by the gearshift in a Chrysler Pacifica minivan: a silver dial that he thought was placed way too close to the radio’s volume knob. He wondered whether any user had tried to turn down the volume only to end up going in reverse.

“I can’t think of any consumer push for a radical change in gear-shifters,” he said. “I’ve heard of reinventing the wheel. I have not heard of reinventing the shifter. Whose idea was this?”

Genesis , the luxury brand owned by South Korea’s Hyundai Motor , made what the company calls the Crystal Sphere for the GV60 electric sport-utility vehicle, which the company has described as a piece of automotive art. The glass ball sits in the center console and glows when the owner approaches the car—a bit like a fancy snow globe—rotating 180 degrees upside down when the vehicle is turned on to reveal a twist-knob shifter.

Genesis’s European division last year put out a nearly four-minute video explaining how the orb works.

One driver said they’d put a reminder on a Post-it note to run an errand and stuck it in the console, partly touching the Crystal Sphere.

“When I turned off the car, it grabbed the paper and pulled it inside,” they wrote in an online forum last summer. “Now when I turn on or off the car, I can hear the paper. Can’t really see it anymore.”
This is phrasing targeted at the current administration. Using words like "ethics" has no effect on them.
Racket's Math Library
I can confirm that. I switched to using LibreWolf as a work-dedicated browser parallel to Firefox Developer Edition.

In two weeks of using it, I got annoyed by the following:
- no automatic dark-mode (against fingerprinting, some websites don't have a setting to switch it on - not sure if you can turn it off)
- timezone is always UTC (can be worked-around with an extension, messed up my time tracking app and some log viewer)
- login on some websites/tools is broken altogether by the strict privacy settings (did not even bother to debug, I switched to Firefox)
- WebGL off by default (you can turn it on via config flag)

I switched from Firefox to Chrome and back and never had to debug and work-around so many issues. It's a decent browser, but I'm not sure the value it brings justifies the costs of time spent debugging and the inconveniences.

I will continue to use it for work, but I will not switch entirely from Firefox because I want my history available across devices.
"it is imperative that the UK's technical demands of Apple – and of any
other US companies – be subjected to robust, public analysis and debate by
cybersecurity experts," the letter states.

There was extensive debate and input by experts. The UK gov were
told in no uncertain terms that this would not fly, and chose to
ignore that and steam ahead asking for the impossible anyway.

I know science is unfashionable nowadays, but more debate will not
make perpetual motion machines, time travel or NOBUS backdoors any
more feasible.

We covered it when the bill was in motion [0] and revised it yesterday
here [1]

[0] https://cybershow.uk/episodes.php?id=16

[1] https://cybershow.uk/episodes.php?id=42
> Reason they state for not adding support it is that user consent is not enough to access the device, which is just nonsense,

There was a kinda major security issue [1] where malicious websites used WebUSB to access FIDO/U2F keys.

This was bad because U2F credentials are supposed to be impossible to phish, as the browser's U2F API puts the domain name in the request to the token - but by using WebUSB, a site could request a token for any domain name.

And as both U2F and WebUSB popped up quite similar looking user consent boxes, it's pretty much impossible to avoid some users getting confused.

Google's solution, believe it or not, was to blocklist a load of devices for WebUSB [2] - so now anyone making U2F devices has to get Google to add every new product they release to the blocklist.

Everyone loves the fact the browser is a secure sandbox, letting users run untrusted code. I don't get why people want to poke so many holes in the sandbox.

[1] https://www.yubico.com/support/security-advisories/ysa-2018-...
[2] https://github.com/WICG/webusb/blob/main/blocklist.txt
>> They'll never cut defense spending

Military expenditure (% of GDP) - United States: https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/MS.MIL.XPND.GD.ZS?locat....

They often cut defense spending.
I don't see an endgame with these tariffs and as far as I can tell, the administration has no plan ... outside maybe immediate bribes related to them.

Nobody is suddenly just popping up their manufacturing in the US. Presumably these tariff fights end one day, and they're already on and off tariff threats, so investing makes no sense.

This process makes no sense.
It is amazing how quotable that movie is even today.
> There's been just as much "cash" created by stock market overvaluations and un-backed securities.

Yes, though they originate from the free-cash printing. Both through the central bank (Federal Reserve) and private banks that were allowed to do fractional reserve lending, the US infused immense cash into its economy, which led to all the phenomena you mentioned. Because in countries that cant have zirp, such overvaluations of stocks and securities are scarce. Indeed, the derivatives market took a life of its own and created derivatives of derivatives backed by derivatives that were loosely tied to real-world assets and that also contributed to the bloat. But the real deal was always the zirp.
Guses the government is also that? You're choking on that coolaid.
Oh thanks for this
In theory, but with these tariffs seemingly random and Trump being all moody (or worse) about them, do you invest a bazillion dollars only to have the tariffs dropped and you new manufacturing is now a loss?
Renewing the "How JavaScript Works" Series?
They discovered the eggs hidden in a shipment of cocaine.
Looks interesting, but "coming soon" with last commit 3 months ago... I'm sure they are working on it. But soon is probably not correct.
iOS has sideloading, if you pay $100/year for a developer account.
Next lecture will be delivered later this afternoon :)
This is definitively possible. Are you thinking about YouTube or social media links?
> more useful information from failure than there is from success

This is massively true. It's why I'm much more interested in hearing stories of business failure than business success: it's trivially easy to replicate a failure mode, but success isn't so transitive.
Doesn't aspartame partly break down into methyl alcohol if it gets too hot?

I regularly drank Diet Cokes 25 years ago, and remember some batches would be "worse" than others.

And, whether from cans or plasic bottles, you're either also getting the can's lining or the plastic from the container mixed into the soda, right? I mean, it's an acidic liquid, so there is bound to be some dissolution of the lining into the fluid, by my understanding, with the more the warmer the temp.

And I do wonder what temp the bottling takes place at.
Related: beautiful reuse of a former church in Copenhagen. They host events during the day and communal dinners at night. https://absaloncph.dk/en/
Not everyone wants to read about an industrial accident in the literary style of a novel. Some of us want higher fact density and lower adjective density.
> Apple is only one US law away from completely shutting down Advanced Data Protection for everyone.

The problem with this is that it's universally applicable.

Any cloud service that has end-to-end encryption today can be forced to break it if the jurisdiction in which they're based passes a law requiring it.

"So use a self-hosted open-source cloud backup system with a VPS?" Not a scalable solution. I genuinely do not believe there is a scalable solution to this problem.

All we can do is either pick the service we trust will remain safe the longest, or DIY it for ourselves and maybe those closest to us. And fight at the ballot box to end the era of ever-expanding government surveillance of everyone's digital data.
It would be incredibly naive to assume that the scraping done for these models did not at any point circumvent protections.

The fundamental contention is that both accessed, saved and distributed material that they didn't have a "right" to access, save, and distribute. One was made a billionaire for it and another was driven to suicide. It's not tragic, it's societal malpractice.
In that case, why don't we knock down our cities, throw away all our technology and abandon agriculture while we're at it, because none of those have been around for much of human existence either.
Congrats on the new site. Looks pretty good to me!

Since you asked for feedback, here's something I noticed. I initially opened this on my tablet, and some of the H2 headlines had orphan words. Like this:

Understanding HTTP Status Codes When Websites Are

Down

I'd recommend maybe adding "text-wrap: pretty;" to those, or using other tricks (like maybe making the max width for headlines 80% or similar). Note that text-wrap pretty is still somewhat new (caniuse.com reports 72.9% support).

Other minor things (NOT criticisms, just trying to be helpful):

- It looks like your Google analytics and tag manager are not loading due to your content security policy (script-src 'self' 'unsafe-inline')

- Your site weight is already impressively small (congrats!) but you may still want to consider compressing the CSS and JS to make it as quick as possible.

- In the bottom area (common sites), I saw that the comma after Zoom (for example) sometimes appeared on the line below (another place where text-wrap: pretty; might help)

- On the "About Us" page I could not read the subtitle ("The story behind...") due to the colors in use (looks like grey on green?). Same thing for Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.

- I expected the form at the top to submit when I hit the 'enter' key, but I had to click the button. I'd recommend making it submit on enter, especially since it has only one field.

- I kept trying to check one of my own sites (picnits.com) and was told it was down, even though it's not (to be completely fair, it could be that my server is blocking something in your request, like user-agent or IP/origin, so that might not be an actual issue on your side)

Hope this helps!
Didn't Samsung try to do the same? That'd be a Korean option if amelius has that in scope. Unless they are using Snapdragon for those of course.
Kazoo orchestra, anyone?
Got Undertale for 1 buck... rock solid deal + good game + cute graphics. I still enjoy the retro-ish style in games a lot, even in 2025.
This 1980 book

https://www.amazon.com/Zero-Sum-Society-Distribution-Possibi...

made a damning indictment of the protectionist policies pushed by the Mellon family [1] to support US Steel which was unwilling to replace its obsolete open health furnaces with the modern basic oxygen and electric arc plants that competitors were using in Europe and Japan. It not only hurt US consumers but it hurt the rest of US industry, particularly the car industry, because it meant our industry was paying more to make products out of inferior quality steel.

Tariffs are not an "us-vs-them" policy but rather a "them-vs-us" policy which will let tired monopolies in the US conspire with tired monopolies in other countries to not compete.

[1] see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Mellon_Scaife
Maybe this is a faster way of getting AWS feature requests heard.

I'm going to write a script that keeps trying to call ecs:MakeFargateCacheImages.
You seem to misunderstand how mining pollution actually works.

When things like uranium are trapped in rocks they are typically immobile and not bioavailable. In most ground strata things things can be stabally held for millions of years. When humans mine the area we can cause what would take erosion millions of years in hours. For example blasting and mechanical splitting of rocks then loading them with equipment causes huge amounts of dust. Also in the process of exposing 'fresh' rock we cause sulfate materials to be exposed to water creating acids that mobilize metals.
Good take! I'll put it into my roadmap.
Sesame CSM: A Conversational Speech Generation Model
The tutorial has zero in common with the actual gameplay. Why would you do that? It's not a good onboarding experience. It just creates frustration.
The middlemen would never allow a public option and they have enough money to stop it happening. US policy is the will of the rich not the people.
I've been out of the industry for a few years, but can anyone explain how L1 RAN processing can be done 'in the cloud' without back-hauling huge amounts of raw RF data to a data-center?
Yes, the Newspeak dictionaries.
I write a genealogy app (family history). Recursion is the foundation of the code, and permeates everywhere. The call stack can go 200 deep or more (~4,000 yrs). The code has been successfully running on millions of desktops for thirty years, and has never caused a crash or infinite loop because of recursion.

The secret is to check at every step that there is no "he's his own grandpa" loops in the user's tree, where (s)he inadvertently makes one of a person's descendants, also his ancestor. This happens sometimes because re-using the same names can cause confusion.

Recursion is like magic :o)
An incredibly interesting piece. I live in NY, but didn't know the history.

This did make me chuckle

> reduces your lifespan by about 18 minutes

As George Carlin said, "yeah, but it's the last 18 minutes".
If TSLA were priced like a car maker it would be $10. Direct sales and the charging network, could, generously, make it $30. Which would ignore the existential threat of Cybertruck. If the Rivian R2 had been Cybertruck, we'd be posting about the liquidation auction.
Do you think fraud ought to be legal?
It's pretty well established that the vast majority of hunter-gatherer societies saw a much larger proportion of the population die from violence than typically seen in more advanced types of societies.
If we had standardized growable call stacks then this wouldn't happen
How much time do you spend reviewing the code it produces? Is this for a commercial product, internal stuff, or side project?
Show HN: Guide to transform fragile AI agents into production-ready systems
Hi folks,

I built this guide after watching AI agent prototypes repeatedly fail in production. It demonstrates transforming a monolithic marketplace assistant into a resilient multi-agent system using orra, an open-source platform I also built for production-ready multi-agent applications.

The patterns shown are valuable *even if you're building your own orchestration layer*. Each stage builds on the previous one, showing the evolution from fragile prototype to resilient system.

What makes this guide valuable:

* Architectural transformation with working code examples - split monolithic agents into specialised components and migrate from inefficient LLM function calls to dedicated services

* Solves real production challenges most frameworks ignore - implements compensation handlers for critical operations and proper state management when operations fail mid-transaction (like payment failures leaving inventory in inconsistent states)

* Prevents LLM hallucinations at the planning level - uses domain grounding with semantic verification and PDDL validation to formally verify execution plans

Here, orra's Plan Engine operates at the application level rather than just the agent level, enabling orchestration across both LLM agents and deterministic services.

Would love feedback from anyone who's hit these issues in production!
> I'm interested in examining the idea of a programming language that eschews the notion of a callstack

Technically, I don’t know any language whose spec mentions the notion of a call stack. For example, it’s perfectly OK for a conforming C compiler to use a linked list of dynamically allocated activation records (from a standards view point; users of such an implementation may have different opinions)

A conforming C compiler also could choose to only use a call stack for functions that take part in recursive calls or that may get called by multiple threads.

> plus weirdo stuff like the ability to hand out references to local data in functions that have already returned (which remains valid as long as you don't call the function again, which I think should be possible to enforce via a borrow checker).

If you add multi-threading (something that is almost a must have for languages on powerful CPUs nowadays), I don’t think that’s easy to do.
You're not wrong but this is overly reductive. In other words this is more of a sliding scale and not a step function centered on 10-15 years ago.

For instance I was a CS undergrad in the mid/late-90s. There was an enormous difference demographically between my incoming freshman class and the incoming freshman class by the time I graduated. And the talking points were exactly the same ones we see in this thread.
Man, this is really the worst case we've been fearing in Germany as well, i.e. an overzealous government that wants access to the master decryption keys of any app using end-to-end encryption so they can backdoor them anytime they like. I really hope they have enough common sense left to reverse their course, and I have to say kudos to Apple for taking this fight.
A maturing math library makes Racket a serious LISP. I saw a DFT under
misc, but would like to see more extensive DSP to make Racket more fun
for music and video processing.
It’s Vogels’ blog but this is a guest post by Andy Warfield.
To take to an even higher level, grate some of the lemon peel and then squeeze its "lemon zest" into it.

I promise you it is excellent, but I only suggest organic lemons for this process!

We also only use raw whole sugar or turbinado.