skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yep, all very good points. Neuropsychopharmacology is extremely and recursively complicated. It's turtles all the way down. Just take one component in all this, the receptor. One might want to think of a receptor as just a switch triggered by a chemical. But autoreceptors are a thing, as you mention. Receptors do different things in different areas of the brain. Receptors form complexes with eachother(e.g 5-HT-2a and D2), and we have essentially no idea why? Receptors have all sorts of different modes of interaction both with ligands and cell internals. Agonism, partial agonism, antagonism, inverse agonist, positive/negative allosteric modulation. The GABA-A receptor is not really one receptor, it's more like a family of receptors made up of a varying constellation of subunit proteins. Different constellations appear in different parts of the brain, and have different allosteric binding sites, which is why benzos vary widely in qualitative effects despite all being "GABA-A PAMs". NMDA receptors don't just bind to glutamate, but also glycine, and magnesium needs to be around? And NMDA triggers an intracellular cascade that regulates membrane expression of AMPA receptors. This is thought to be involved in memory. Cannabinoid receptors are expressed presynaptically carry signals in reverse, so that's weird. And there are 5 identified cannabinoid receptors. We only sort of understand what 2 of them even do. The other 3 are still quite mysterious(last time I checked). Most of the well studied neurotransmitters have not one, but many different receptors they interact with. 5-6 dopamine receptors, I can't even remember all the serotonin receptors, etc. Many of them are still poorly understood.

And of course, neurotransmitter systems talk to eachother. Serotonin so much so that it's also been called a neuromodulator. Because it very often regulates release of other neurotransmitters(including itself).

It's a field that, the more I dig into it, the more confused I get, honestly.

So when I see someone say herp derp, serotonin hypothesis is false, therefore SSRIs are ineffective, the only conclusion I can make is they haven't even tried to dig into it.
A few decades ago, it was also really common to smoke. Common != good, github actions isn't a true build tool, it's an arbitrary code runtime platform with a few triggers tied to your github.
> then LLMs in their current form are not going to lead to AGI.

It always seemed to me a wild leap to assume that LLMs in their current form would lead to AGI. I never understood the argument.
You might enjoy the wonderful channel Lindybeige: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL3A44729FA673EBFF (playlist: "Lindybeige Rants on History")

I especially like this video: https://youtu.be/lZfpQzV2GnM ("Ropes and Hollywood", a rant about the value of rope and the silliness of cutting one 1-4 times every 90 minutes)
> "When we could steal land from the people who were originally on that land"

That's every single society ever. This has been the civilizational algorithm. It predates our species.

That same tactic is alive and well today.
So NATO is literally trying to kill Putin, what formal legal avenue would you like Russia to take?

Decades of NATO enlargement. What do you expect? Poke bear enough and it will bite you! But don’t be shocked…
Data point of one: ChatGPT 3.5, even the free product, is so much better at answering technical questions than Google.

Some questions I had successfully answered recently:

> "I would like to animate changing a snippet of code. I'll probably be using Remotion. Is there a JavaScript library that can animate changing one block of text into another?"

> "In Golang, how can I unit test a http mux? How can I test the routes I've registered without making real http calls?"

> "Hello ChatGPT. I have an application using OpenTelemetry. I want to test locally whether it can collect logs and metrics. The application is running in Tilt. How can my local integration test read the logs and metrics from the OTel collector?"
+1 for @garyseconomics
I'd love to make games I have so many game ideas but realistically for me it could only be approached as hobby/art - the chances of making a living from it are vanishingly small.

Which sadly means I'll never do it because developing a game would be incredibly time consuming.
It's not a matter of taking control. For many reasons, starting from ww2 and later the U.s. summarized the west population common values and ethics, in a very simple and sharable way. In Europe this is not possible because there is too much cultural distance between the countries, but we are all equidistant from the U.s. That's why we are all NATO allies and why fundamentally for the u.s. eveything is possible. It's something that we all agree upon because otherwise we would be arguing with each other.
What Lies Beneath the Gravestone of a Fictional It Girl?
We had it. It's still out there. NNTP (and ignore cancel messages if you dare).
EU needs a new structure for taking decisions.
You must have missed the visit from the French president. Macron whooped Trump harder than Stormy. That's probably why his fragile little ego needed someone to tell at.
Why? I can't do shit to stop Trump.
Seems like an empty statement.
A general strike is the only non-violent solution. Of course people aren't likely to do that over Ukraine policy, but there are plenty of other things people are annoyed about domestically.
Versions numbers for LLMs don't mean anything consistent. They don't even publicly announce at this point which models are built from new base models and which aren't. I'm pretty sure Claude 3.5 was a new set of base models since Claude 3.

What do mean by "it's a 1.0" and "3rd iteration"? I'm having trouble parsing those in context.
only when you did some devouring using your eyes
Isn’t there an oversupply in other things too, like Chinese cars? If the world is producing too much, what does that mean for economies that rely on consumption? maybe we need a whole new system that does not rely on consumption and growth.
I mean, I simply disagree. The progressive and socialist left's solutions to 'the housing theory of everything' narrative have pretty much failed wherever they have been implemented, especially in the United States.

That doesn't mean I don't think they have any good policies, they certainly do, the issue is that the structure of their policies typically does not have feedback loops that incentivize change when change is needed. There is a reason Stockholm has a 20 year wait list for getting an apartment. With the exception of the Vienna model, which I wholeheartedly support, but that American progressives have all rejected in practice (even if they pretend they don't), every single far-left housing policy system seems to be captured by incumbent electorates, based on seniority, without any willingness to make sacrifices for the next generations.

I hope I made clear from my post that I think these policies come from problems that do not align neatly with political parties, and one of the main reason I see the American political system failing is that incumbent electorates are unwilling to make any sacrifices to help each other.
How do you think he came out looking good after this? Do you mean this was some elaborate play to "expose" Trump..?

I personally think everyone looked rather unprofessional in this meeting..
I think you watched a different clip to the one I watched...
Perhaps my friends and I are outliers, none of us inherited any wealth or were given trust funds or lump sums when hitting adulthood but all of us are better off than our parents at the same age and their parents are better off than their parents (with one exception).

All either studied hard in school and went on to get a degree or left school at 18 and apprenticed in a trade or got specific qualifications.

I read so much about declining wealth and how each generation is worse off that I have to assume I’m in a lucky bubble because it’s not the case for me.

None of us are rich but the system appears to be working from a sample of say 30 people aged 25 to 45 from different parts and backgrounds in the UK.
you can always limit said network access to npm.
No, he said the US should have Greenland too, which is territory of Denmark.
It's like AOC'c comments to NPR the other day

"Everything feels increasingly like a scam," she said. "Not only are grocery prices going up, but it's like everything has a fee and a surcharge. And I think that anger is put out at government."
I would love that!

But that doesn't change the underlying problem. How do we stop Putin getting what he wants? If you're saying, there's nothing we can do but the US should be nicer about it, well, I guess that's right, but somewhat useless.
> Inheriting is the root cause of all corruption.

The way the ultra-wealthy manage to make it entirely taxless; super evil for sure. Even so, it's not really the root - maybe a very large branch of it.
European Democracies need to start their own Alliance.
De Gaulle said that in the matter country's foreign policy, there is no friend or even allies but only common goals.

Pushing back on Putin has never been one of trump goal, he'd rather have the entire Europe Russian than having to deal with that.

Instead he is much more focused on fighting China, which is fair.

However, Russia has been a long time China allies. They have mutual border, mutual goals (the first one being to end American domination on the world).

Wouldn't helping Putin, by making Ukraine armless and easy target, be then also helping china indirectly ?

I don't see how, all things considered, it even helps push trump agenda on fighting china.
No one is going to believe any guarantees now anyway, so it's a moot point. The US no longer has the goodwill capital for agreements, only transactions.
America is pulling back because it has lost its moral compass. Republican leadership has made it inconceivable to many Americans that you can have Win-Win situations internationally. At least that is the only explanation which explains for me what is happening.

Europe is already in this war and it is costing us money and European lives if we want or not.
It's hard to imagine anything he's done in private with the KGB cameras rolling being worse than the mountain of stuff that's already publicly known, or that he has openly done in public.
Agreed. I've had a lot of success using ChatGPT for nontrivial bash one-liners. They're small in scope and there must be a huge amount of training data for them, I use them rarely enough that I don't remember details off the top of my head, and they're intrinsically throwaway code
European leaders show support for Zelenskiy after Trump clash
Semi-crazy idea: Add clauses which destroy half the company if they change the deal without a year of advance notice.
When you look around at how expensive homes are in certain areas and continue to lose the auction because everyone else had a cash bid, realize a lot of people are getting a lot of money from their aging and dying boomer parents. Where I live nearly everyone had a lot of help from mom & dad.
This makes the vascular implants produced by Humacyte more interesting. They’re made of cells which aren’t recognized by the immune system. Humacyte is in the beginning stages of seeing if they can fit beta cells into the produced vascular implants, while remaining undetected by the immune system.
Did you try marker?
https://github.com/VikParuchuri/marker

I haven't tried olmocr yet and I now realize my 8GB GPU probably won't cut it, as it used a 7B param VLM model under the hood.
I also recommend the written story for Zima Blue (the Love Death and Robots version was much more focused on the artistic aspect) and the question of wine.
I think this is a statistics and definitions question

There can be a lot of upwards mobility (say 10%), and there can be a lot of statics (say 90%)

The datapoint I remembered is that a huge fraction of billionaires wer3 first generation billionaires.

But that may not mean much for the greater part of the population.

So we may be saying things that sound contradictory, but are congruent.
The idea Europe just needs to invest more is dated.

Yes, there's stuff in the news right now about Germany military spending - secretary of defense said they anticipated yet another increase package of 6.7B euros, and only got 1.2B.

Military spending is up dramatically from even 2 years ago, much less when you'd hear this argument from more dedicated hands, let's say, 2019, 2021.

It's a particularly poor timing to make the argument, because even if we elide every increase until Sunday, we're still left with Germany reacting to this by adding $100B over the next 4 years.

If if it wasn't out of date, I think it's important to state plainly the idea is: Europe needs to spend more in defense because the US decided to pull all support, even from things as simple as continuing to sell Europe defensive supplies as it fights Russia, and also hand chunks of Europe to Russia.

It's somewhat gut-wrenching to hear an out of date argument, in so many separate ways, as justification for rugging them completely. It causes nausea when its coupled to a shrug about broken clocks.
> Russia can blackmail Trump

I don't think that's possible at all.

It's been proven time and time again that Trump is untouchable. He joked about being able to shoot somebody and not lose voters, and it's too true. People that love Trump love him because of the people he hurts, not the people he helps. If he shot someone, his supporters would be like "haha he murdered someone! That makes you so angry, doesn't it? MAGA!"

So, no, I don't think Russia could blackmail Trump. Any dirt Russia has on Trump could be released and it wouldn't decrease Trump's support. For fuck's sake, we already know he was a regular visitor to Epstein's Kiddie-Diddle Island.
Russia wasn't happy, because it wanted to keep the option to militarily expand in all of these countries. I think we agree here.

> I do not see how Russia living with the existing NATO neighbors would imply that Ukraine becoming another one would be of no concern.

The current NATO neighbors didn't present any threat to territorial integrity of Russia. The only reason Russia doesn't like them joining is that it doesn't have an option to militarily expand there anymore, something that is important to Russian leadership and people.

> How do you know that Russia would not have attacked if Ukraine would have tried to join earlier?

If Ukraine joined, Russia wouldn't touch it like it didn't touch any of the NATO countries. Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia have a Russian minority, but Russia can't support separatist movements, and intervene militarily there as easily as in Ukraine or Georgia.

> I want to correctly understand the world and know the truth.

In geopolitics, there's no single "truth," only perspectives backed by evidence. Every Russian is taught in school that eastern Ukraine is "rightfully" theirs, and they get a compelling story to back up this belief. Ukraine being in NATO would make it impossible for Russia to act on this claim for decades, and the claim would have weakened with time.

> Why would Russia not have intervened in 2008 as it did in Georgia?

Russia intervened in Georgia to support separatists, not to stop NATO accession.

> Can you give me any sources where Russia was expressing expansionist considerations?

https://irp.fas.org/news/2005/04/putin042505.html

"Tens of millions of our citizens and fellow-countrymen found themselves outside the Russian Federation."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Russian_units_which_in...

"You don’t understand, George, Ukraine is not even a state. What is Ukraine? Part of its territories is Eastern Europe, but the greater part is a gift from us."

https://www.russiamatters.org/analysis/accepting-nato-aspira...

They want the greater part "back".

---

The benefit of the doubt that you give to Russia is fantastic!
ToDesktop vulnerability: not surprised. Trust broken.
Yeah he does literally have it all, but it's not enough. It's never enough.

These billionaires, they're sick. Literally mentally unwell. They're addicted to the feeling of getting more. The greed is like a disease, it's like a drug. It's addictive and corrupting.

It's not enough to be wealthy, when there's more money to be had. It's not enough to be president when there's a chance to be a King. If he has a chance to make himself a trillionaire, he will take it. And he won't care what it costs us.
It's up to the reader to decide if I was referring to Musk or Medvedev here, or perhaps both.
I'm wondering though if this research and clinical trials has had their funding threatened recently.
That's obviously untrue... Yes it hasn't hit the usable threshold for human replacement for many tasks, the majority of tasks, but that doesn't mean it hasn't improved massively for many others. Your evals seem to just be not fine enough, probably you're just waiting for agi. I do evals on a ton of tasks and my API/chatgpt usage has shot up drastically. It's now irreplaceable tool for me.
Let's hope that someone learned real politik is actually blind, short-term politik.
Could you please explain what part about his interjection/question was inaccurate or invalid?
What's the control that they're comparing this to? For example, how do you know AfD isn't more prevalent in headlines on media websites altogether?
Luckily I can’t stand Material themes so I’m all good!
> I never understood the argument.

In nutshell: https://xkcd.com/605/

Grug version: Man sees exponential curve. Man assumes it continues forever. Man says "we went from not flying to flying in few days, in few years we will spread in observable universe. "
Maybe start talking about nuclear proliferation within europe. Put more cards on the Table.
Most of the money the USA has spent went to arms manufacturers. I imagine there's still working on producing and sending the arms.
Unless you are an Australian:

https://www.reddit.com/media?url=https%3A%2F%2Fexternal-prev...
did you buy a house? when?
In other words the rich are an increasingly large parasite that is increasingly impairing the functions of real society and subverting it to their ends. Two oligarchs are running the country right now in their own interest.
He didn't get elected with 22%.
Bloated Department of Defense spends more money than any other government agency
I've tried GPT 4.5. It seems a bit better, but couldn't magically solve some of the problems that the previous models had trouble with. It went into an endless loop, too.

https://chatgpt.com/share/67c15e69-39e4-8009-b3b0-2f674b161a... is the example with the endless repetition of 'explicitly'. It’s fairly long down a probably boring chat about data structures.
A CSS-Only Star Rating Component and More (Part 1) – CSS-Tricks
How does one fight a fascist?
> It sounds like we’re attaching a few conditions in hopes to end the killing

You really believe that the current administration is acting out of “hopes to end the killing”?

What do you think Greenland is about? About spreading christianity?

The current administration is failing and the top % is profiting off it; eating itself up. It’s a pattern that’s well known.

Internationally, the US is rapidly losing allies all across the board. And internally, facing its facing increasingly extreme inequality in terms of wealth distribution.

The current administration doesn’t even have interesting cards that it can play.
Maybe I just don't understand placebo particularly well, but why would it work on the second drug and not the first?

Separately, I think part of what is missing from this discussion is that we currently have no mechanism for prescribing placebos to a large portion of the population.
They 100% set him up. A new block in the wall of proving that Trump is a Russian asset or dupe. I don't see how any other conclusion can be drawn by anyone paying attention. He consistently kisses up to Putin with little love messages via Fox news and other outlets, while doing his best to alienate the rest of the world. It would be different if he just washed his hands of the whole situation, however he always looks up to Putin and refuses to call him a dictator, I reckon because he was told that he would regret it if he ever did from his Russian contacts.
> And yet, users often don't know what they want. They want that forum model with interaction and step by step hand holding by someone who knows the answer.

This sounds like the seed for a business model to pitch in the next upcoming hype cycle: "short-term hiring of experts with quarter-hourly billing increments enabled by our web- or app-based user interface". :-)
I don’t think it’s possible for 1s and 0s to feel… well, anything.
Them, CA, and Broadcom.
No, real, actual torture: https://x.com/GonzaloLira1968/status/1686140558803140608
Yes, 2014 with a 95% mortgage
people don't demand wealth equality after a war, they just create massive inflation during the war and solve it by taking everyone's savings after the war...half the countries in europe post ww2 did something akin to replacing the national currency at exchanges rates of like 10:1 in some cases like germany...and germanys post-war inflation solution is hailed as an 'economic miracle' by many history books. Somethings tells me I wouldn't feel too jazzed about taking 90% of my savings, but I would also be resigned to do whatever because war is worse.

I get really worried when I see people glamorize equality post-war...post-war times are not good times for the middle class. The most equal wealth humanity has ever had is during caveman times, but that is not the goal.

war does not make things better folks, I hope that's not what OP was trying to say, but just in case let's be very very clear about how awful war is for progress and humanity.
Europe certainly has the means to support Ukraine financially, if the political will is there.

But it’s incapable of providing alternatives to Starlink, Patriot or ATACMs. Especially not at the scale required to make a difference in Ukraine. The withdrawal of these systems would be disastrous for Ukraine.
Alternate take: the gilded age was bad for most people, and we dont want to go back.
You can sync with timestamps

History can be stored locally

Centralizing this just seems way more complicated to me, unless you want groups. Even then for small groups P2P isn’t such a terrible idea

Not sure what you mean by multidevice, I do t think they cared about mobile
A dirty little secret is that that over a third of Gen Z and Millennials get down payment help from their home-owning parents. In expensive cities, the percentage is even higher. When you add the number of parents who co-sign in order to secure the mortgage, the number could reach 2/3rds in expensive metros.

It’s the new feudalism.

https://investors.redfin.com/news-events/press-releases/deta...
Where are you and how long did it take to save up for a downpayment?
Not just does the US no longer want to support Ukraine, it is basically siding with Russia by not taking a stand and criticising Ukraine. It’s neglecting the interests of it’s ally by only including Russia in negotiations.

On top of it all, it’s extorting Ukraine into giving up it’s minerals while giving no assurances in return.

And finally, most important for long term, it’s a complete policy reversal to its NATO allies, which will have a long term impact on US transatlantic relations for decades to come. Before, US was the only country to invoke Article 5. Now its recognising a weak moments for its allies and is exploiting that opportunity.
Most first nations at first contact had 0 conception of ownership, rather seeing it as some sort of stewardship (or if you put it in modern terms you could use the marxist notion of personal property where it's 'use it or lose it') as well as low enough populations that they figured there was enough to go around to share the land with settlers.
I've often seen this described as the "sharpness" of a position
True - but the BEAD Program delivered internet to 40k households. Starlink has 1.4m users in the US alone.

It seems pretty clear to me that Starlink has been a good investment, from both private and public perspectives