skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Flash did not run terribly well on OS9 Macs either.

I was working in the Flash animation scene in the 00's and I spent a couple weeks suffering some bugs that only popped up on the Mac editor with large files. Load huge FLA, make a couple edits, Flash 5 crashes. And it somehow manages to crash so hard that it immediately falls over if I try to run it again, I had to reboot the whole damn OS9 Mac. Which was one of those "cool G4 supercomputers". Load huge FLA, make an edit, immediately save, maybe get a couple more edits, crash, reboot, swear, swear, swear. This bug didn't exist in v4 of the editor but there was no backwards compatibility, so we were stuck.

After a while I stopped swearing out loud and just wrote FUCK on a post-it and stuck it to the bezel of my monitor; I think I had a couple of layers of those by the time I was done. Enough to take them off and stick them up on my window and form the word FLASH.

Eventually the studio acquired a Windows box (we were an all-Mac shop) and found that this bug didn't exist on there. We were not happy about this discovery.

Audio sync was terrible across the whole Flash platform too, by default all the audio was not synced with the frame draws, and if a frame took too long to draw it would not skip ahead. There were workarounds to be discovered but they were obscure and often treated as secret knowledge by people who wanted an edge over other animation studios, I never disassembled any Strongbad Emails but I wouldn't be surprised if the Brothers Chaps never found them until they went off to Hollywood for a while.
Evolve – An incremental game about evolving a civilization
Isn't it more structural than that? The first-past-the-post system can only support two parties in the long run. It's an extremely old and simple way of structuring elections, but the US government has a system that has remained mostly intact for centuries now. We're stuck with it for now. If we wanted this system to be peacefully replaced with something more modern, the parties who benefit from this arrangement would have to be the ones to champion its replacement. That doesn't seem likely.
> You suggested Australia and Canada have something in common with the US in this area that Germany doesn’t - but when challenged you can’t actually name anything specific

I didn't realize you explicitly asked for that.

In this case, it's the English Law Tradition, and alignment between US and Canadian administrative norms as being part of the same common market.

I recommend reading this paper about the differences in Administrative Procedure legislation (which includes federal employment rules and norms) in Germany versus the US [0]

Fundamentally, "Germany has a tendency to underestimate the importance of the administrative decision-making process while the US takes the procedure more seriously" [0]. That along with Germany's juristic legal tradition becomes the crux of the issue when comparing Germany versus the US, becuase our precedents are entirely different, leading to different causes for dysfunction.

In general, I think online Europeans need to stop comparing the US to their countries. The causes for our dysfunctions are different, and our entire legal, constitutional, and political traditions are VERY different because of a 300-500 year split.

[0] - https://academic.oup.com/icon/article/11/4/940/698721
GDPR does, but I was only pointing out that this scenario, as presented by my parent comment, is not normal:

> "hey, I need to collect data from your system, and said data will be shared with everyone else publicly in our bug tracker"
Sesame model for voice audio imo is better than ChatGPT voice audio conversation. They are going to open source it as well.
I learned Git from an O'Reilly book and I loved that it started with the internals first.

The git CLI has some rough edges, but once you have concepts of work tree, index, commits and diffs down, it is extremely powerful. magit in Emacs is also incredible.
Show HN: Automated Kafka client and broker optimization
Sharing this here to see if it helps anyone else or to improve it further. I created this tool to do the following:

Automate initial discovery of configuration optimization of both clients and consumers in a full end-to-end scenario from producers to consumers.

For existing clusters, I run multiple instances of latency.py against different topics with different datasets to test load and configuration settings

For training new users on the importance of client settings, I run their settings through and then let the program optimize and return better throughput results.

I use the CSV generated results to graph/visually represent configuration changes as throughput changes.
So on the other side of this, I’ve also seen senior+ folk working on projects alone, with no collaboration at all, but still use a GitHub-esque PR/git-flow process. Almost feels like a professionalism-espousing self-flagellation.

Create a PR, self-approve the PR, then merge it to a develop branch. Then merge the develop branch into main. Then in main make a release branch, and tag it.
Yes, but one of the best alternatives until Ladybird is ready.

Librewolf, Vivaldi, Orion (iOS and macOS only) are all solid options.
Agreed that (a) it’s not a browser and (b) it’s not ready for prime time. In the meantime it’s great that there is a diversity of options. But I am glad there are new engines being worked on in the wings, and I think servo has potential to be a pretty solid one especially with its parallel rendering.
My point was, you use the language features to separate concerns into manageable pieces (which CSS can do just as well as TypeScript).

Tawilwind was created at a time when we were still feeling the IE days, triton was still a thing and people generally had to look up resets or how to setup tooling to help them with vendor prefixes (that was before Interop was a thing), etc. All this while, designers would ship individual design tokens for implementation (e.g. a button, a combo box). Things like “styled components” would feel like a relief because “oh I can style a button without breaking the entire website”.

Since then, all these points of friction have been improved or removed all together. We wouldn't lose anything if we revisit the platform and see how we can get all the benefits of tailwind without actually adopting it by default.

By the way, the same argument can be made about React and revisiting what one can do with modern DOM features.

I guess something all frameworks born in the past to solve real problems have in common - we tend to forget to deprecate them once the underlying need for them was gone.
Private companies are required to do a good job and balance spending to stay alive. Goverment agencies can do the most horrible job for enormous amounts of money and just keep going.
How about using GNU stow?
Remove it or use it? If I don't use it, it will not work.
A smaller government may cut the red tape, but it can only service a smaller number of client or citizens. Or offer far less.

Furthermore, I can point you to SCRUM teams that are small, but are wildly inefficient. Size isn’t the root cause of inefficiency.

The better take is why is the bidding process so opaque? Why the red tape
and micromanaging?

Most importantly: Would this still lead to a better outcome than motivated, short-term government employees?

USDS was a 4 year(?) stint; I declined because I need stability in the private sector at this stage of my life and can’t move to DC, but if I were in my 20s I would’ve jumped at the chance.

Edit: Well, not now but in 2019/2020.

I can help you reason through the whys on the inefficiencies if you’re truly interested.
> This is the category / degree fallacy.

I have been reading about what this is (I have not encountered it before) and earnestly fail to see how.

> We don’t get to choose a world where billionaires have no special power. The choice is whether to accept some good from billionaires, or to reject what good they can do because of the harm they do.

If we're discussing fallacies, I'm getting tasting notes of False Dilemma. We, participants in society, can shape, define, and reject what "special powers" means. Not totally, and I imagine the royal we of HN commenters might disagree on how much or in what ways, but I believe it is possible.
The market gives what people want. If the majority of people want (and can be influenced to want) shitty franchises and cold popcorn, it will produce this. That's why Italian food is better than German, not because it's capitalism's fault. You cant' find a decent tomato in a German supermarket, but easily find one in even the biggest supermarket in Rome.
Made the same comment. Why not stow?
He also went on to serve as the second administrator for the United States Digital Service, which has just recently been hijacked and gutted by DOGE. Sadly it’s not just the cultural values of Google that have shifted since then.
> Show us your commitment to fairness and decency.

25+ years writing open source software. Will that do?
I don't care if short-form video causes brain rot because I'm convinced it causes mind-rot.

It is a force that could be used for good but often isn't. Entertainment, like calories, has its place yet is harmful when consumed in excess. It crowds out productive tasks, encourages physical and mental idleness, and is a mostly passive mental activity not requiring or promoting critical thinking.
> “The reversion to zero-sum thinking now is in some ways a backlash against the positive-sum thinking of the post-Cold War era — the idea that globalization could lift all boats, that the U.S. could draft an international order in which nearly everyone could participate and become a responsible stakeholder,” said Hal Brands, a global affairs professor at Johns Hopkins University and senior fellow at the American Enterprise Institute. “The original Trump insight from 2016-17 was that this wasn’t happening.”

> What we are now experiencing, especially in the United States, is effectively a rejection of the belief in abundance and cooperation. It is an uprising against the premise that many groups can gain at once — a cynical, contagious us-or-them attitude, spreading across countries, communities and families.

> With kids’ games, maybe zero-summing feels like tough love. But on a national and global scale, it’s increasingly hard not to ask: What are we losing with a win-or-lose approach?
Bothers me a lot that you're getting downvoted. Bunch of elitists who insist that cmdline is only way to get things done (everyone has to study cmdline options because who could possibly have multiple 4k screens for some visual options dialog?), probably using GDB in 2025 and having massive Stockholm syndrome about it, ...
I haven't tried it in a while, but mercurial supports reading and writing to git repos: https://wiki.mercurial-scm.org/HgGit and its page says that https://wiki.mercurial-scm.org/GitExtension is bundled, but doesn't handle all of git's features
Interested more on the On-Premises and AWS part, internally we are working on starting to use queue services from the cloud and integrate them into our daily operations. I think this post will serve us as a good introductory to connecting both ends...

Else you can make your entire services in AWS public so routing does not go through the VPN, but that's not recommended...
It could be either or both of two reasons: 1) Login.gov does not have identity verification. It appears like they do because most accounts are created via the Trusted Traveler programs. However, that system belongs to CBP and is not available to other agencies. ID.me has multiple different types of ID verification, including specialty affiliations like military/veterans, first responders, nurses, teachers. 2) ID.me has a larger pre-existing pool of vetted users. This means less new signups for IRS which translates to less help desk calls, etc.
Where is DOGE when it really could save tax payers money?
> we should directly furnish the project with a bunch of hired employees

Who is “we”?
> It might be that style over substance is a long-running human problem.

Standardization is useful for scaling.
Funny you should ask. Euclid specifically measures the ellipticity of billions of galaxies.

Because the light traverses regions of lower and higher density (made up mostly of dark matter), we see a gravitational lensing effect. Sources of gravity distort the image behind the "lens". The article describes a strong lensing effect, which is pretty self-evident. By analyzing correlations of galaxy ellipticities we can measure an effect which is only apparent as a statistical effect. You'd expect no intrinsic correlation of the apparent ellipticity between galaxies (because they can be millions of light-years apart), but this so called weak lensing effect does create a correlation. I basically think of it as observing perfect ellipses through slightly obscure glass and deducing from that the exact shape of the glass.

Thanks to Euclid's data, we will be able to create a sort of 3D map of the total matter distribution (dark and baryonic), which will in turn tell us how the universe evolved better than any other probe. We hope to learn more about dark energy in this way.
You start helping humanity, as Christ did from the start or Gates did once he conquered the business world. Imagine the good someone as influential & rich as Thiel could do.

Instead his “good” is focused on transforming society for unclear societal benefit. How do the poor, the fatherless, and the oppressed benefit from living in ocean communities or as city states?
I'm guilty of this. I open PRs on my personal projects and then merge them in myself. Not for every commit of course, but for the big changes.

I just like to see the diffs on the github UI. <shrug>
You keep them accountable by calling them out in public, as with the recent ToS change, where it made them clarify and improve the new wording. Keep calling them out on stuff that isn’t acceptable.
I'll be online for a few hours and again much later in the day to respond to any questions/comments people have. Thank you for taking a look!
The ability of banks to lend is limited by the availability of credit worthy borrowers, not liquidity. Banks will always get the necessary liquidity from the central bank (assuming the system is working as intended), but prefer deposits because they are cheaper than whatever is offered by the CB. Inter-bank lending is an alternative preferred option if insufficient deposits are available.
Hello! I work at a space start up called Loft Orbital, we've open sourced all our core astrodynamics and satellite simulation tooling.
Here's a link to the GitHub repo, https://github.com/open-space-collective.

It's used by a few start ups and I'm hoping to spread the word a bit more once I get some time to clean some things up. Astrodynamics sorely lacks a great open source ecosystem. Poliastro was great but is now unmaintained.

There's Orekit (which is fantastic) but it's in Java which makes it difficult to scale across languages or stacks.

Nyx Space is excellent, and it's focused on deep space applications.

Contributing to any of these tools would be a great way to improve the open source community in astrodynamics!
Show HN: Crop images into square, circle, heart, oval for free
I developed an Image Cropper, which supports cropping images into square, circle, heart, and oval shapes. It also supports customizing the width and height for arbitrary cropping, which is very simple.
I've joined Storygraph, LibraryThing, and I think a few others. Never heard of Bookwyrm before.

I still use Goodreads almost exclusively.

Goodreads is still the competition. If you mean competition specifically between alternative to Goodreads, I think LibraryThing is the most popular by a fair bit. After a quick look around Bookwyrm, it definitely doesn't look like the one I'd choose. I'm mostly seeing "some rando's list of books they read in 2025" and "some rando commented on some random book".

Maybe once it finishes importing my Goodreads list it'll be more useful, but it's taking a while (kaguya was very quick), and my initial impression is that I'm not impressed.
I think we actually need to spend less time on these type of social networks.
Hard agree. I love this mindset! If you put a tool in your toolbag you should know how to use it.

Git is definitely abstract and hard to get the hang of but totally worth it - pays dividends in terms of the options it puts at your disposal. And the stimulating nature of learning how it works so that you can think for yourself to figure out a solution, instead of just memorizing 3 commands and running to AI for help when you get a little stuck.
> Can you name other browser engines in play?

WebKit. Also, the only thing keeping Chromium a Google monopoly is Europe, China and India’s concession.
For an utility like this?
An small microbial ecosystem has formed on the International Space Station
https://www.reuters.com/world/us/nine-arrested-new-york-tesl...
>These DRM blackouts happen at such a low level that no high-level software — any sort of utility you might install — can route around them.

Well, since physically you still own your device you can send direct assembly instructions to your processing units, or even just take HDMI signal, intercept and record it fully. Technically if one bothers to reverse engineer the instructions browsers send, they can be studied and reversed. There are tools for that, as well as high-level languages which make it possible to execute low-level assembly code.
> The baffling part though is recommending using homebrew to install it on linux.

Do they really? Probably AI-generated.
I feel like a lot of the discussion is beating around the bush or tangential.

The very simple cause of this wave of layoffs is in response to the “what did you do this week?” email. If you’ve been following closely, a week ago DOGE sent an email to many people, including suspected dead government workers, asking them to list in 5 bullets what they accomplished the prior week. Some people didn't respond after having the last week to do so. Some people protested with insubordinate responses. According to TFA the people let go were unable or unwilling to complete this simple task.

DOGE this DOGE that. At least in this instance it seems like a effective tactic was deployed and cuts were made based on observed performance.
One day they’ll write the things into the address bar for us :)
I sometimes do something similar, as it gives a chance for the CI to run more comprehensive tests on other platforms that's hooked up to the PR flow, and "reviewing" your own code can be pretty helpful.
So the thing about nove fast and break things is that you end up with a million broken things and people.

Even the magnates should figure out it is not going to help them. Which is why they actually move slow.
The Empire Rebrands
Yes totally agree. Curious if you think visual or gamified tools might have been useful to get an initial grasp on the types of concepts you mentioned? And if so where they might fit in?
I hear this sort of thinking repeated often, and it makes sense at an intuitive level.

However, my experience is that this isn’t always the case. My company has a medium-large Python web app in production, and having viewed performance profiles, I can say definitively that Python code execution occupies a non-trivial amount of processing time. Of course the single largest time sink is the LLM requests we make, but if we could magically nullify the Python processing time, our latency would significantly improve.

The culprit in this case may be specific to FastAPI and Pydantic rather than Python generally, but the point still holds that not all web frameworks and resultant apps are equivalent.

That said, I’ve been dreaming of rewriting large chunks of it in golang. I’ve always known Python was relatively slower than other languages, but I saw a recent benchmark measuring golang as 50x faster than Python. Perhaps the benchmark won’t translate to real world performance, but still - 50x is difficult to ignore.
> But also there's the very real problem of wealth concentration. The economy works best with flowing income. It works worst when money is at rest. With a sales tax only you end up in a situation where wealth can be endlessly horded, which takes that velocity of money out of the market.

This is basically arguing the world works best when the rich buy bigger yachts instead of bigger factories. All of this wealth the rich have isn't gold coins in a giant vault like scrooge McDuck, it's a sheet of paper that says they own .3% of Microsoft.

> For example. Let's say there's 1000 monies and 100 people's. If bread costs 10 monies everyone gets fed if wealth is evenly distributed. However, as wealth concentrates into one person less people can afford to eat which has a knock on effect of potentially putting bakers out of business (ultimately raising the price of bread).

What you're describing is a recession do the a drop in aggregate demand. Yeah this is bad and we have monetary and fiscal policy to reverse it. And usually monetary and fiscal policy are better because if we just fixed it by incentivizing the rich to spend more money on consumer goods we'd have more workers building mansions vs homes. Not to mention we are currently do not have that problem, which is why we have inflation above target.

I think there are a lot of good reasons to tax the rich (and upper middle class) more, like our ballooning deficit, but creating tax incentives so the rich spend more money in an economy that is already on the verge of overheating isn't one of them.
I think OpenAI is currently in this position where they are still industry standard, but also not leading. Deepseek R1 beat o1 on perf/cost with similar perf at a fraction of the cost. o3-mini is judged as ”weird” and quite hit and miss on coding (basically the sole reason for its existence) with a sky high SimpleQA hallucination rate due to its limited scope, probably beat by Sonnet 3.7 by a fairly large margin.

Still, being early with a product and still often ”good enough” still takes them a long way. I think GPT-5 and where their competition will be then will be quite important for OpenAI though. I think the signs on the horizon is that everyone will close up on each other as we hit the diminishing returns, so the underlying business model, integrations, enterprise reach, marketing and market share will probably be king rather than the underlying LLM in 2026.

Since GPT-5 is meant to select the best model behind the scenes, one issue might be that users won’t have the same confidence in the model, feeling like it’s deciding for them or OpenAI tuning it to err on the side of being cheap.
We know it is sufficient because all humans drive using just vision.

Wrong!

Humans use vision, sound, feel/touch, knowledge of environmental conditions that can't be seen (cross wind, black ice) and can judge the likely response of other human drivers to unexpected and unpredictable road conditions.

If a human driver sees an accident or perhaps a tire on a large truck disintegrate up ahead on the freeway, he immediately knows to change lanes in order to avoid what is coming his way.

Can camera only FSD do this?
Do it, put it online, and Show HN what you were able to do with chatgpt "oneshot."

Otherwise you're just making a stupid, rude comment.
PayPal's Fresh Bid for Relevance
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity_in_China

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obesity_in_India
I don't understand articles discussing “trust” and throwing in Brave. Are you unclear what trust means?

A proper trustworthy Chromium-based alternative would be Vivaldi. Even more, as a company based mainly in the EU, they've managed to create a fantastic browser while also following all consumer protection mechanisms typical for the region.
When you cut out fraud waste and abuse you can actually reduce spend while increasing individual pay.
LLM Can Be Faster Than You (Can) Think