skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Looked at your video demo, does SubImage actually recommend changes and generate terraform? For example instead of exposing 80/443 to the EC2 instance, deploy a ELB in-front of it that listens on 80/443 publicaly and only allow the ELB to forward traffic to the ec2 instance. Also, utilize attach role to the ec2 instance to avoid storing AWS credentials in environment vars, though if the instance was compromised an attacker could still access the s3 bucket.
It allows a very small portion of Americans to build companies with significantly higher value-add.

It destroyed the futures of a larger number of Americans.

Then again, why do we make the distinction "American"? If you have people who became unfathomably wealthy by shipping off strategic industries to the lowest bidder regardless of geopolitical implications, does nationality matter anymore?
My point was that instead of blaming ML - or optimisation tools really - for gaming objective functions and coming up with non-solutions that do maximise reward, AI could instead be used to measure the reward/fitness of the solution.

So to the OP's example "optimise a bike wheel", technically an AI should be able to understand whether a proposed wheel is good or not, in a similar way to a human.
This is certainly better than nothing, but it should just be a tag! I shouldn't need this fancy new-fangled "CSS" fad to bail me out of the problems that W3C created by removing it in the first place!
Usually like reading such posts but the author’s approach did seem very blackmail-like.

The CEO is surely coming off as a crazy guy but the author isn’t a white knight or good Samaritan either.

The company closed the database access and the guy says “now I will disclose it or you can do X”
Would he have not disclosed it if they offered hush money? We won’t know, for his case I hope not. In any case - what was he expecting?

I’d imagine there is 50%+ chance that any smaller company without a dedicated security team will take this disclosure as a threat and blackmail. Especially that on the first second and third thought it seems the disclosure would be a way for the author to boost their blog and content marketing for their consulting.

If there was a bug bounty or something on their site it would have been different.
I'm still not sure why anybody would use Laravel instead of Symfony but Taylor Otwell bank account proves I'm apparently stupid.
Don’t have a WSJ account so can’t read the article, and the archive link posted doesn’t work for me. It sounds like this was a greenhouse based business? What I’m excited by (perhaps naively so) are the startups using robots to zap weeds and do other things to reduce chemical usage. Anyone know the status of these companies, and if there’s anything intrinsically wrong with the approach?
That seems pretty reasonable, it's their data, they just make useful visualizations
Typo.

-> and Itô calculus are a notable
How to Save Youth Sports: A Manifesto
Protocols do not work like Java interfaces or classes. Their methods are compiled into regular functions which lookup the implementation to use at runtime based on the runtime type of the receiver. Compilation will check for the named function but doesn't do any further checking. Given the following protocol and implementation:

(defprotocol P
(method [this ^Integer i]))

(extend-protocol P
String
(method [s i] (.substring s i)))

both (method "test" "call") and (method 1 2) will be accepted by the compilation phase but will fail at runtime.

Of course there's no requirement for Clojure code to be AOT compiled anyway so in that case any name errors will still only be caught at runtime when the compilation happens.

Type hinted bindings are only converted into a cast and are not checked at compilation time either e.g.

(defn hinted [^String s] (.length s))
(hinted 3)

will be accepted but fail at runtime.

deftype is only used for Java interop an is also not a form of type checking. The methods will be compiled into Java classes and interfaces, but the implementations defer to regular Clojure functions which are not type checked. You can only make use of the type information by referencing the compiled class files in Java or another statically typed language, using them from Clojure will not perform type checking.
As if he personally ran this without people who knew a few things?

Go look at the success rate of university research. This sounds like someone who hasn’t been part of research.
> Tech is a poor fit for agriculture. Dirt is cheap, relatively speaking.

Ag is much more than farming, and farming is much more than dirt.

Ag is very much ready - past ready - for disruption. The biggest blocker there is that "traditional" SV startups can't make a dent; their business models don't suit it well. Farmers - even mega-corporate ones - are cautious. It's a mature market with low margins, so they aren't going to make a capital investment in what they see as unproven technology.

To succeed in agtech you pretty much have to exude the opposite vibe that startup founders usually have.
They commit to supporting the API in step 1 but it's not entirely clear to me whether that commitment continues with step 2-3...
Private equity isn't in it to help people.
As long as some people are different that you, it’s still not strictly superior though. If some people are better with icons, you still have to do a tradeoff.
Algorithm 1 ICan’tBelieveItCanSort(A[1..n])
for i = 1 to n do
for j = 1 to n do
if A[i] < A[j] then
swap A[i] and A[j]
USDA Pomological Watercolors
the article goes into the details in https://jiha-kim.github.io/posts/introduction-to-stochastic-... but the TLDR is it's a way to define integration of random walks.
The article touches on this. Starlink is not the answer. It's a short term solution.
Awesome project!

As someone deeply familiar with this problem (ex-JupiterOne), I'd caution against asserting that 'deep level of customization' is a differentiator. Your buyer (CISO) and userbase (Sec Engs) are drowning. They (and I) don't want yet another product to build on top of. This is a key reason why Wiz is so successful -- an operator can turn Wiz on and immediately receive value, no adjustments or additions needed.

I'd strategically focus on making the 'actionability' part the cornerstone of the product and really become obsessed with making that part of your product incredible. The Goliath-killing story you need will be formed by figuring out how to get your product to the point where someone can turn it on and immediately receive value for the most impactful security problems first (ex: Log4J) and the total surface area of problems the product solves for second.
It's not like the money vanishes into thin air, wealthy people throwing their money at anything is a desirable outcome vs. say hoarding it.
“Fresh Patch Indoor Potty Grass” is going to make a killing out of this.
I upvote so it sticks around longer, so it has a better chance of generating interesting comments.

I also upvote because I find it interesting to learn about stuff I didn't know about. I might not understand it, but I do like the exposure regardless.
Much like Angels being able to understand every language except Aramaic, humanities last defense is that COBOL is indecipherable to AI.

UM.. KNOCK KNOCK..

who’s there..

COBAL..

cobal who..?

COBBALISTS ARE DRIVING ME NUTS HAHAHA..
Ecofed: Dutch cloud project for European digital sovereignty
Facebook in 2025 is not at all the same software as in 2005. Nor FB the business. The market is also forever changed.
Not that this detracts from your main point. The tricky part is not the software.
I think it's a reference to Itô Calculus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C3%B4_calculus
Ehhhh they work, but at what cost? If you know them already go ahead, but the other popular desktop ui's are probably easier and more maintainable. I really do wish desktop and mobile in Java was more popular. I'd really like to have one language and ecosystem.
SE7EN and How 35mm Scans Lie to You [video]
While there's a large audience for Jerry Springer style content, verbal abuse and stooping to the level of someone you're criticizing are not required. I don't read HN for name calling or childish taunting. It is always dispiriting to read, and even more so to read people defending. Humans, as you note, have base instincts, but giving into them and catering to them should be left to X and other sites devoted to pandering.
> language specific

Framework-specific in this case... beyond just language-specific.
That makes so much more sense! Although the pedant in me wants to argue that calculus plural is “calculi”/“calculuses” (the dictionary gives me the latter, although I’ve never seen it in the wild myself—-but I won’t pursue that because it’s beside the point!) Thanks for the help!
The thing that is driving me crazy in all these threads is that we have invariably a bunch of programmers saying "I use it for coding and I would never go back" but this is orthoganal to the question of whether it's a good business.

If you use gen-AI but don't pay the real cost, you're not really a data point on the economics of it. It could be useful to programmers and still be a terrible business if the cost of giving you that usefulness is more than you (or your employer) would pay.
Aren't most of the developments in this sector targeting labor costs rather than yield?
This is primarily for US citizenship right? Do you offer US citizens help with emigrating as well?
There's been real progress, and Larry's got a long history of gutting people who make real progress because he just thinks of anything sitting on a database as a way to push Oracle licenses while increasing his personal net worth.
Much like crypto it’s a thin veneer dusted on regular products. B2B will consume anything it’s mostly social spending like a fashion show, crypto out, AI in.
It's not really a prediction I'm making, this already happened in the 70s with Nixon, the 80s with Reagan and the late 90s with Clinton. Direct cuts to employment in valuable functions have historically always ended up with core employees being replaced by armies of contractors which then need armies of bureaucrats to manage instead of doing things in house. It's why the US Digital Service started, for example. The issue has been argued for about 50 years now and the outcome has been pretty clear. It's the inevitable conclusion of firing federal employees but still wanting the program function to live on, you will inevitably end up with contractors and that has meant armies of bureaucrats to manage them.
It's a typo. "calculare" is supposed to be "calculus are"
Many other countries produced effective vaccines without a whiff of NIH funding. And the mRNA tech was mainly funded through DARPA, IIRC.
I thought sexuality was fluid?
That is 86 Core per socket with 4S per 2U. Compared to the 6900P which only allows 2S. That is 344 Core per 2U.
Fullstack-Bench
The NYT says the Texas facility will open in 2026: https://www.nytimes.com/2025/02/24/business/apple-tariffs-jo...
I’ve been scraping and tracking Canadian grocery prices for a few years, lots of ideas on how to do more with it if I had more time… http://grocerytracker.ca/
Using Apple Watch to Estimate Cardio Fitness with VO₂ Max [pdf]
First Apple has to prove they have competitive designs. Apple Silicon GPUs simply do not compete with the efficiency of Nvidia's GPU compute architecture: https://browser.geekbench.com/opencl-benchmarks

Apple's obsessive focus with raster efficiency really shot their GPU designs in the foot. It will be interesting to see if they adopt Nvidia-style designs or spend more time trying to force NPU hardware to work.
Definitely. Much less the many several users who yet lack CSS support in their preferred browser.
Per the article it sounds like the entire operation took place on his company-town Hawaiian island of Lanai, so...kinda, yeah, that is what I think. I'm sure he had a small staff, but my instinct is that most of the expenses were capex and self-dealing.
So apps autosleep after a certain time.

How long does it take for an app to wake up?

Is this using firecracker like Fly?
Yes this is one reason tariffs are so valuable to a corrupt POTUS. They have essentially unilateral and very fine-grained control over them, down to exempting specific companies or products outright.
Indeed. C has such a loose spec, and so many behaviors are allowed under either "implementation-defined" or "undefined" behavior, that it devolves into finger-pointing pretty quickly.

Most other languages have tighter specs. I've primarily worked on implementing Java, JavaScript, and wasm, all of which have very tight specs. Then it's a lot more cut-and-dried whose fault it is.

And I've had plenty of compiler bugs.
Previous discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28758106
Yep, you hit the nail on the head. That is the reality of working with LLMs from the big players these days.
I feel your pain :) I need a job soon too.
An Overview of Cosmological Natural Selection
These Are the Jobs AI Will Replace
It looks like we put the thread in HN's second-chance pool (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26998308), so it got re-upped and given a random slot on the frontpage.

The relativized timestamps are an artifact of the re-upping system. There are past explanations here: https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que....

Sorry for the confusion! I know it's weird but the alternative turns out to be even more confusing and we've never figured out how to square that circle.
Pulling off 'tasteful obscenity' while still toeing the line is a high-wire act.
If your phone is new enough for Apple Intelligence, Siri is now under that umbrella. There's no "just Siri" option anymore, unless you're rockin an iPhone 14 or older.
amazing. I read a few months ago that it might have been a local high school. But something tells me it sounded like tv station employees.

This is a pretty interesting prediction from the Simpsons:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sOFE90iwVAk

I heard a theory that the FBI, which investigated it, decided not to pursue it further due to the low severity of the crime. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9v8DcgNacGQ

The theory that it was an original cast member of the movie, makes sense, but I have to do more research.

This is a pretty interesting analysis:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iCnip_Bjza8
Can someone explain why this isn’t the big win we think it is?
@dang has a neuralink implant directly feeding HN to his brain...
sigh - mongoDB is not the same as creating a table with jsonb. for one, you don't have to deal with handling connections. that being said, postgres is great, but it's not the same.
Agree, but also disagree.

Our neighboring town has a beautiful system in place. It tracks your average speed over +- 100m. If you speeded, you get a fine and even better: the light always turns red and you have to wait for a minute. If you run that red light, you get another (heftier) fine. If you drive normally, the light is always green.

It's beautiful. People actually drive slowly and safely there. And good, because that system is installed perfectly around the school and doesn't hinder anyone else. If they did this anywhere else you'd argue it's a moneygrab, but this is imo a great way to actually get people to drive slow in a school zone.

In contrast the only thing our town has done is install a bunch of big concrete flower boxes (?) that hinder your vision and causes conflicts on the road. The idea being that you'd have to slow down and that you're no longer on a straight wide road. It's absolutely only made things worse. You need to give way to others but you literally can't see them, or you need to pull weird manoeuvers to let them pass. And in the meantime cyclists need to swerve around them or are hidden behind those boxes. It's terrible.
I think dang did something manual to push it back to the frontpage, and that reset the timestamps on everyone’s existing comments…

There is a comment here by me which says “2 hours ago”, I swear I wrote it longer ago than that - indeed, my threads page still says I wrote it 20 hours ago, so it is like part of the code knows when I really wrote it, another part now thinks I wrote it 18 hours later than I did…
Here's another idea: tax those people appropriately and pump that money back into the economy...

Way easier and more globally optimal than just saying we're going to do absolutely everything (even the shitty jobs) here in the US.
IANAL but I am someone who deals heavily in 1) scraping and 2) data and the analysis, enrichment & brokerage thereof. As such, I like to consult this for anything regarding US Copyright law: https://www.copyright.gov/circs

Circular 14 addresses derivative works, including those based on data: https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ14.pdf

Steamdb.info is a derivative work, yes. And scraping is usually accepted as Fair Use, so both services are presumably within their rights, but they have no claim to the underlying data, only their process of enrichment. If someone were to build a new service based on the data presented on either site, there's not much they could do to stop them... short of getting them to agree not to do so via their ToS.

OpenAI is a great example of a company who built a derivative work on scraped data available under Fair Use, and then subsequently gated their data via their ToS. With such a popular precedent at play, I'd rather not use any services doing anything similar, especially when steamdb.info doesn't even have a ToS.
Come on. We can draw a straight line from the GFW to companies like Baidu and Alibaba. Without it, they would (initially) struggle in direct competition with endemic US products.
That's not incompatible with my point though. I'd actually argue that pushing a Docker image is easier than pushing a raw codebase and having to figure out annoying build issues where your local environment differs from production – I've debugged that on Heroku in the past and it's a pain, but much less of a problem with Docker.
in my experience, symfony looked like a massive, old, gross, enterprisy solution... laravel got as far out of my way as it could and had absolutely unbelievable documentation.

I am not a php person, but was on a php project and we were trying to run absolutely as fast as we could.... and laravel let us do that very effectively. If i was a php greybeard or something maybe I would've preferred symfony... but looking at our legacy symphony system compared to the laravel system we stood up and replace it.... I cannot imagine making a different choice
I would think the default assumption for a large codebase is that the code changes regularly. And especially if you are looking for a bug that started after a recent push, checking the revision history seems like the very first place you'd look.
I personally haven't used "raw" Symfony but maintain a largeish Laravel application and I like almost everything about Laravel. Great documentation, good developer experience, big ecosystem.

Have you used both extensively and prefer "raw" Symfony?
The good news is that <marquee> still works in the latest Firefox. No need for any new-fangled animation libraries for me.
EUR40/month for a 8Gbit/s FTTH here in france. Private company by the way. Just saying, while I do have preferences about who builds infrastructure and how to regulate markets on that infrastructure, I recognize that the presence of a market as such isn't the problem.
Formatted:

For easier exposition in the proof later on, the array is 1-based, so the elements are A[1]...A[n].

Algorithm 1

ICan’tBelieveItCanSort(A[1..n])
for i = 1 to n do
for j = 1 to n do
if A[i] < A[j] then
swap A[i] and A[j]
I think it is. But what company is going to advertise this on times square?
Compiler backends are really complicated and a lot more difficult to debug than frontends. In my experience they account for more than frontend bugs.
Show HN: I Made an API for Persistent KV-Caching (Cache Augmented Generation)
Hi HN!

I wanted to demonstrate an easy to use API for Cache Augment Generation. For any open source LLM available on Llama cpp, we can store the KV-cache and model state after it has processed a large corpus of documents, and then load that state in every time we query the document.

This leads to a drastic reduction in latency as well as compute/energy used by the model.

This demo is part of a larger system that I'm building called DataBridge[0] - with a focus on implementing new and useful techniques for knowledge retrieval - allowing developers to use the latest research in production.

I'd love to hear your feedback on DataBridge, and the CAG feature. If you have papers or particular techniques you'd like to see implemented, I'd love to hear about it :)

[0] https://github.com/databridge-org/databridge-core/
They just host the pages on CF, not the video streams.
Here's my understanding of Ito calculus if it helps anyone:

1. The only random process we understand initially is Brownian motion.

2. Luckily, we can change coordinates.
This is exactly right. DOGE deserves no praise. Their goal is not to cut spending to bring money back to the people. Their goal is to gut the government itself and make it ineffective in improving people's lives. They don't actually care whether these departments are "wasteful", and anyone who thinks they do has bought and drunk the snake oil.
“ A climate of fear surrounds any attempt at skunkworks initiatives outside established processes—one misstep, and the bureaucratic snakes strike. This environment has bred a pervasive 'learned helplessness' throughout the engineering ranks, stifling the very innovation culture that built Intel's empire.”

His mention of process reminded me of this from Steve Jobs

https://youtu.be/s4Cz49MLh4o

Adding process often seems insidious to me. You add process, you declare victory… and are never able to measure the cost. Others see it, recognize the ease of adding process and yeah they want free wins without consequences too.
I suggest that you read this comment, which explains why your quote is misleading: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43159362
https://archive.is/ihdR6
they call that "velocity" of money? it means a rate at which money circulates in some wider way.. it is well-known in some theory circle IMO
Depends on what you want to know. If you want to get some trajectories then simulation of the stochastic differential equation is required. But if you just want to know the statistics of the paths, then in many cases you can write and try to solve the Fokker-Planck equation, which is a partial differential equation, to get the path density.
“If it helps, get drunk, choose a pseudonym, and post anonymously.”

Bad writing advice Hall of Fame contender right there.
Even if you did, that wouldn't solve the problem because many checks are still done at runtime. Also, if you started doing that then you might as well just write Java at that point. I've worked on code bases structured in this way and it's absolutely terrible to work with. For one, protocols completely break any sort of REPL driven development.

Most libraries are absolutely not written in this way either. Please point me to a single library that's actually written in the style you describe. The use of protocols in actual popular libraries like Ring tends to be minimal.

The reality is that dynamic typing has never been a real problem in Clojure. I've worked with the language almost exclusively for over a decade now, and I maintain a number of popular libraries, like Selmer, with millions of users.