skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
For software, you're looking at, in no particular order:

- X-Plane 12
- Microsoft Flight Simulator 2020/2024
- Prepar3d (fork of Flight Simulator X)
- FlightGear (free, open-source)
- Digital Combat Simulator World (aka DCS World, combat flight simulation; specialises in jet fighters)
- Orbiter 2016 (space flight simulator; also free)

Modern flight simulators today are generally quite intensive on hardware—especially the CPU—even at low rendering settings. The article is a great example; all of these calculations are fully CPU-bound. It is strongly recommended to get a high-frequency, high-core-count, large-cache CPU—this is probably any of the 3D V-cache Ryzens (5800X3D, 7800X3D, 9800X3D). A _decent_ GPU is recommended for graphics eye candy, but not strictly necessary for accurate flight simulation if you're happy to turn the graphics knobs down (although I've heard that FS2024 has offloaded some weather and physics calculations to the GPU; don't quote me).

For simulation hardware, you can't go wrong with a Logitech Extreme 3D Pro joystick which is fairly inexpensive new (https://www.logitechg.com/en-gb/products/space/extreme-3d-pr...), although you can actually still use mouse + keyboard if you're more interested in simulating the systems and procedures of jet airliners.

Tutorials: I do believe the game simulators have built-in tutorials, though it's been a while since I've followed any of them. Searching for '<flight simulator> Cessna 172 VFR tutorial' is a decent place to start. For a more structured work-through, PilotEdge (a virtual ATC network) has some: https://www.pilotedge.net/workshops

Speaking of virtual ATC, at some point you'll get bored of being the only person simulating. All the game simulators have a multiplayer option, but if you want to get serious with the role-playing, VATSIM is a great place to start and has worldwide coverage, depending on when ATC providers log on. I've found that European ATC is generally online on weekday evenings UTC, and American ATC is generally online on Saturday mornings (UTC) and at the weekends.

PilotEdge has more limited, but more round-the-clock coverage, and is a paid network, and takes the seriousness and realism to the next level.
> This might cover say half of one's laptop

$3400 is a pretty pricey laptop for someone short on cash.

Also, am I correct in understanding that these requirements are the base requirement for any crash and don't actually absolve the airline of the full liability in case they are found to be responsible for the crash?
Because the aim is to have a single file, fairly short, script. Even if we glued the lock file in somehow, it would be huge!

I prefer this myself, as almost all lock files are in practice “the version of packages at this time and date”, so why not be explicit about that?
works on Brave Browser
CA is a third as dense as Japan, as whole.

Tokyo has 8.9M people while LA has 3.9M people; half the number. Osaka (3rd largest) is 2.7M people while San Jose (3rd largest) is just under 1M people; again, half the number. The distance from Tokyo to Osaka is 500km, while from LA to San Jose is 550km. (In both cases, the 2nd largest city is nearby the largest.)

You have half the justification in CA you do in Japan, looking at similar urban areas. In the case of Japan, connecting those two cities goes through another 3 with over 1M population (and totaling over 7M together).

US cities are spread out and relatively low population.
I think that it is inaccurate to say that weak force "initiates" fusion.

Fusion is initiated by bringing nuclei very close one of another, overcoming the electrostatic repulsion.

When fusion is successful, the output energy is a consequence of the strong forces, i.e. it is the difference between the binding energies caused by strong forces in the output and input reactants.

The role of the weak force is that it can determine the probability of success of the fusion.

When the input nuclei have enough neutrons, the nuclei that have collided may remain fused. Otherwise, even after being fused for an extremely short time, the compound nucleus will break again, regenerating the input nuclei which are repulsed, so fusion fails.

In cases when fusion would fail due to a bad proton/neutron ratio in the fused nucleus, e.g. for the case of proton-proton fusion, during the very short time when the input nuclei are fused, weak forces may transform a proton into a neutron, preventing the separation of the fused nuclei and allowing fusion to succeed.

So overcoming the electromagnetic forces initiates fusion, strong forces determine the amount of energy obtained per fusion event and weak forces can determine the probability for fusion to succeed when nuclei collide.
> It's been speculated that the fall of the Roman Empire can be partially attributed to prevalence of lead pipes and leaded drinking vessels. When a critical mass of elites/rulers have lead poisoning there was a subsequent collapse of those societies.

I agree with the other part of your text but this lead contributing to downfall of roman society is not spoken about by serious historians.

Plagues, societal evolution, mass migration, change of climate are what caused downfall of Roman empire.

As far as I know, lead would be marginal at best.
Brave Browser works (Chromium)
TIL: Git conditional config with and without home-manager
This is the feature I would most like added to rust, if you don’t save a lock file it is horrible trying to get back to the same versions of packages.
Like, what other option is there? There is either a proper, battle-tested solution which requires some configuration so that it works as you want, or you start from scratch and create something specifically for your own usecase.

In the latter case, it may actually mean a significant amount of development orders of magnitude more than looking up how to configure stuff, constant maintainance, etc.
AI generated code accelerates technical debt
Learning: The hardest problem in computer science
I’d just like to say thank you from the bottom of my heart for making my childhood and engagement with computers all that more magical. I went on the make a career and a livelihood from them and games like yours shaped me.

You guys must have impacted thousands upon thousands of lives with your hard work and creativity.
I'm like this with back pain. I just reminisced the other day about when I was a teen I could straddle on a brick wall and pull with my arms to twist my torso around my hips and just pop the f out of my lower back and hips, then I could stretch and move normally again.

This worked for like 2 months. I've tried tiger balm, tens, chiro, heat, cold, exercise, every medicine.

I have theracane, davinci back tool, and a long suffering wife who will stand on my back to put enough pressure on the muscles to help.

Tumeric, CBD. 7-hydroxymatiglynine nullifies the pain but I puke 60% of the time I take it, about 4 hours later.

Mostly I just lay very still and whimper.
Can anyone explain to a non-python developer why python infrastructure is so much broken around the version management?

It looks to me that every new minor python release is a separate additional install because realistically you cannot replace python 3.11 with python 3.12 and expect things to work. How did they put themselves in such a mess?
The NHS has had real-terms funding increases for many years

https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/insight-and-analysis/data-and-c...

If its cost continues to outpace inflation and GDP growth, it will consume an ever-larger share of the wealth generated by the private sector until it becomes unaffordable.

The current model is unsustainable. If you’ve had to visit an A&E recently or request an ambulance, you’ll know that the whole system is unfit for purpose and needs a rethink (not just another huge cash injection).
Here is a quote for you:

> Never believe that anti-Semites are completely unaware of the absurdity of their replies. They know that their remarks are frivolous, open to challenge. But they are amusing themselves, for it is their adversary who is obliged to use words responsibly, since he believes in words. The anti-Semites have the right to play. They even like to play with discourse for, by giving ridiculous reasons, they discredit the seriousness of their interlocutors. They delight in acting in bad faith, since they seek not to persuade by sound argument but to intimidate and disconcert. If you press them too closely, they will abruptly fall silent, loftily indicating by some phrase that the time for argument is past.

Don't be on the wrong side of history.
Are you seriously suggesting the major governments of Europe aren't united against Putin's aggression?

The only government conceding to Putin appears to be the one leading the USA!
related "HP Acquires Humane's AI Software" 141 comments https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43095811
My personal stance on this: Capitalism is extremely good at hill climbing within a certain constraint set. Almost like a constraint satisfaction algorithm.

However, if the constraints are ill-posed (eg. it is possible to externalize certain costs, by outputting co2, using lead, etc.) it WILL eventually do that.

IMHO capticalism CAN work but it needs a strong government that sets the constraints to the benefit of its people. And updates those constraints once new information becomes available.

This is in stark contrast to the often seen „just deregulate everything and line goes up“ stance. This will just create a degenerate solution (monopolies, climate change, financial crises, etc).
Never quite understood the attraction of dependency injection frameworks.

Sure pass in your dependencies as an interface via some sort of constructor, but why all the frameworks to do so?

Why all the complexity with hard to debug magic strings, annotations and finding out what's missing from the classpath at runtime?

Just seems as a very complicated way to avoid creating package c that brings together package a and dependency b in a simple class that creates b and passes it into a.

What am I missing?
Scaling with SQLite and a datastore-per-user model is trivial. If you build your app as if it's using Postgres when you're using SQLite, then, yes, you'll suffer. If you pick SQLite, you should pick it because you will actually build your application in the way that makes most sense with SQLite.

Datastore-per-user makes sharding/scaling trivial, and tends to drive an architecture that is easier to reason about. You're never going to e.g. accidentally leak data between users because of a broken query, for example.
The reality of long-term software maintenance from the maintainer's perspective
Good to see you again.

>Like so many other articles that make some offhand remarks about conda, this article raves about a bunch of "new" features that conda has had for years.

Agreed. (I'm also tired of seeing advances like PEP 723 attributed to uv, or uv's benefits being attributed to it being written in Rust, or at least to it not being written in Python, in cases where that doesn't really hold up to scrutiny.)

> The pro and con of tools like uv is that they layer over the base-level tools like pip. The pro of that is that they interoperate well with pip.

It's a pretty big pro ;) But I would say it's at least as much about "layering over the base-level tools" like venv.

> The con is that they inherit the limitations of that packaging model (notably the inability to distribute non-Python dependencies separately).

I still haven't found anything that requires packages to contain any Python code (aside from any build system configuration). In principle you can make a wheel today that just dumps a platform-appropriate shared library file for, e.g. OpenBLAS into the user's `site-packages`; and others could make wheels declaring yours as a dependency. The only reason they wouldn't connect up - that I can think of, anyway - is because their own Python wrappers currently don't hard-code the right relative path, and current build systems wouldn't make it easy to fix that. (Although, I guess SWIG-style wrappers would have to somehow link against the installed dependency at their own install time, and this would be a problem when using build isolation.)
Don't know why this is down voted its absolutely true. When our tech leadership reviewed the numbers we changed auth design without touching the application code base really. Saved a ton of work considering we have many microservices.

Spring rocks.
Strictly speaking the airframe of the 737 MAX is airworthy and stable, and it should remain straight and level given the physics simulations of the airframe.

Whether or not it nosedives would depend on how accurately the problematic MCAS systems (which then actuate the flight surfaces) are simulated.
In France we have obligatory 'diagnostic' of house sold, including many thing like asbestos but also lead paint.

We use a 20 000€ machine with radioactive material to measure the amount of lead, so not everyone can get it but you can definitely ask a technician to do it.

Cost around 300€, depends of the house size and he checks every single part of every single room that can contain lead paint. Very tedious.

I know that the same laboratory we send asbestos for measurement also did lead measurement.

If you got only a few place you are concerned, you could scrape it yourself and sent it to them.

Otherwise it's considered that lead in paint is only dangerous when the paint is old and it fall down, so that kids could eat it or if you're repainting the window and you scrub it without mask.

To my knowledge, the lead pipe are much more dangerous because there is nothing you can do. It's all city property and even if you don't drink city water, you still get poisoning from factory and restaurant using that water to make food.
Currently the approach is to let it burn. Aka if you park in your house garage, goodbye house.

Also there is no point carrying a fire extinguisher.
Framing it as "vegan" feels misleading and confusing. Just call it "synthetic". There are leather hiking boots and synthetic hiking boots. Leave the bloody vegans out of this.
I had similar experience working for BigCo.

On one hand, at one point we had CEO and CTO publicly stating in townhalls that they want us to be a technological forefront and looking for ways to showcase our capabilities. At the same time it was virtually impossible to open source even something as trivial as a string formatting library, because once you started talking to stakeholders about approval their POV was that it's part of a project that took X amount of employees Y amount of time and that equation is in millions, so that has to be really valuable.
This is exactly what I do with my Unifi router, but still all I see in Pi-hole is the router making the DNS requests.
You missed the number 15360 on p12, which is mostly what i was referring to.
Try FlightGear (https://www.flightgear.org/) it is a Free Software simulator, and super fun .. specially with real maps and weather. And there are bunch of tutorials.
We can make an effectively unlimited amount of battery storage, especially sodium ion or iron air (which don't need ocean floor mining...). There are no practical limits on the timescales of ~10-20 years.

What people forget is batteries are a manufactured good, which follows Wright's Law. Manufactured goods (like energy storage, TVs, lightbulbs) obey different economic principles to scarce goods (like land, services, or goods with scarce inputs), and they have effectively unlimited supply. The supply is strictly set by demand.

Aggressive predictions of ~6-10TWh/year of batteries in 2030 are more predictions of demand, not so much predictions of supply. If market demand in 2030 is 30TWh/year, then that's what the market will produce. But don't blame manufacturers for the fact that demand in 2030 will only be 6-10TWh/year! And don't confuse this for a sector's inability to increase supply!

The response when seeing a "6-10TWh/year" prediction should be "how can we incentivize demand so that this number is 30TWh/year instead".
Generally people want the opposite here: raising the optimization level for some code rather than turning it off for everything.
If only it were smaller and closer. We could make it smaller by using a force other than gravity to compress the matter. Perhaps a very strong magnetic field? If it was strong enough you’d only need a fraction of the matter.
Still not a rational decision. Poopypants > crispy skin.
You're right, the choice was made for color, not resolution.
Beryllium is very efficient as a neutron multiplier, but it is also extremely rare. It would not be acceptable as a consumable for energy production, as it is much more useful for other purposes.

In the Solar System, the abundance of beryllium is similar to that of gold and of the platinum-group metals. On Earth, the scarcity of beryllium is less obvious only because it is concentrated in the continental crust, where it is relatively easily accessible, even if its amount in the entire Earth is much smaller.

Lead neutron multipliers would be preferable, because they only inter-convert isotopes of lead, so it is not destroyed, like beryllium.

However lead used for this purpose becomes radioactive, with a very long lifetime, unless expensive isotope separation would be used for it.
Works fine. But for people on Github for now I recommend using uv only for building distributions and using the official PyPA GitHub action for publishing them to PyPI. This way you can take advantage of attestation, something not yet supported by uv.
In practice, there are very few systems that need "no downtime", and even fewer that achieve it, even with a distributed db.
I've worked like you described for years and it mostly works. Although I've recently started to experiment with a new uv based workflow that looks like this:

To open a notebook I run (via an alias)

uv tool run jupyter lab

and then in the first cell of each notebook I have

!uv pip install my-dependcies

This takes care of all the venv management stuff and makes sure that I always have the dependencies I need for each notebook. Only been doing this for a few weeks, but so far so good.
Astral is doing phenomenal work.

I'm extremely excited about the ruff type checker too.
I think you're misinformed. Sunlight has way more benefits than drawbacks.

See https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5129901/

Just feeling the warmth of the sun on your skin is a delight, it's also delightful to be outside (even if perhaps in a shadow or half-shadow) and read something.
Would be easier if airplane seats weren't as cramped.
But, vegans are people that don't consume any animal or animal derived materials. They don't use leather shoes, for example.

I thought it was a good description actually?
Has anyone tried the AMD suspend/resume patches that Alibaba? https://lists.freedesktop.org/archives/amd-gfx/2025-January/...

"We have tried to solve these issues case by case, but found that may not be the right way. Especially about the unbalanced irq reference count, there will be new issues appear once we fixed the current known issues. After analyzing related source code, we found that there may be some fundamental implementation flaws behind these resource tracking issues.

So we try to fix those issues by two enhancements/refinements to current device management state machines."
With computer use, you can get Claude to read and write files and have some persistence outside of the static LLM model. If it writes a file Steve.txt, that it can pull up later, does it now have ToM?
There seems to be one, at least the "installer" asks you if you want to install or have a portable installation.
I'm trying to work out whether Mini actually uses the word "vegan" or this is just the journalism.

Mini says this for instance:

> Only leather-free trim options are available for the upholstery and seats of the MINI Cooper (2024). Depending on the trim, you can choose from different fabric and vescin variants or fabric/vescin combinations.

Although elsewhere they say:

> The MINI Favoured Trim in the MINI Aceman (2024) is the most expressive variant of the MINI Aceman in the interior and exterior. Parts of the dashboard are covered with a two-tone knitted textile in Petrol with an orange pattern. The sport seats made of perforated vegan leather (Vescin) are available in a light and a dark colour with coloured accent stitching. The frame of the front grille is finished in Vibrant Silver. The front and rear have a visual underride protection in Vibrant Silver.
Use https://MeetingGlass.com to get easy long video meetings through virtual frosted glass.

Me and my friends, each of us got that app launching at Windows startup. Every time we turn on our computers at the same time, we see each other frosted through the virtual glass. Then we talk or remain frosted in the background.
It is portable by default, no need to install anything, just run the main and only exe.
I love my Boox (nova C color). Draw on it, write hundreds of pages of journals on it longhand, read essays, newspapers and comics and books on it daily. For the past couple years. I gave up other tablets once I got it.

What it is NOT good at is doom scrolling, social media, or video. The format and refresh rate actively discourage that... and also, the battery may go all day with wifi off, but it drains pretty quickly once you're online. It is definitely an offline device, with the full range of Android functionality (and amazing offline handwriting recognition).

I take it out to read and write for hours every evening, and don't carry anything else. Bar none the best device I've ever owned for mixing creative and literary pursuits and turning my back on the shittified internet.
It is actually meaningful though, as it says something about the origin of the materials. Synthetic could still mean that it was based off of animal products.
Anecdotal, but: I know someone with relevant migraine problems did a log of everything she was eating or doing, searching for possible triggers. After a few weeks there were a couple of suspects: glutamate, chocolate, and also some legumes. Removing these worked and reduced greatly the amount and extent of the problem. Currently legumes is ok sometimes, but consuming one of the first two is almost a guaranteed episode.
Perhaps, but it's also the chemicals you want to avoid, formaldehyde for one, that are used to get the leather in a useful state. It's not just about animal well-being.
Hmm several of those scenes look better in fs2020.

Also many comparisons were made in totally different lighting conditions and aren't comparable. Like some taken at dusk in one version and daytime in the other.

One thing that is noticeable to me is that they finally fixed the runways. In fs2020 they all look like they were built this morning, all pristine and saturated black. Anyone who flies for real knows that's very unrealistic :) Runways get very little maintenance and cleaning because they want to keep them open for traffic. The fs2024 look much more realistic.
Do not parse using strip_prefix and then to_string, you're allocating a new buffer after each token! You can use Cow<str> for the result of the "parse string value" function, as most JSON strings don't have escapes you can just return a reference to that slice of the buffer, only allocating when there's actually an escape.

In general when writing a parser you should strive to minimize allocations and backtracking.
That's a pretty low bar. Corpses can also fly again.
Chatting with the Designer of MonoLisa
Also tinnitus is said to always be present but the brain can fail to filter it sometimes.

Like right now for me wtf