skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yeah, I found this article to be annoying AF, because it seemed to fall into the same traps that he's accusing these study authors of making in the first place. It seemed by the end of it he was just trying to yell "correlation is not causation!" but in an even smarter "I am very smart" sort of way.

E.g. I certainly found myself agreeing with his points about observational studies, and there are plenty of real-world examples you can point to where experts have been lead astray by these kinds of studies (e.g. alcohol consumption recommendations, egg/cholesterol recommendations, etc.)

But when he talked about his reservations re "the wheat" studies, they seemed really weak to me and semi-bizarre:

1. Regarding "The paper doesn't make it easy to replicate its analysis." I mean, no shit Sherlock? The whole point is that it would be prohibitively expensive or unethical to carry out these real experiments, so we rely on these "natural" experiments to reach better conclusions.

2. "There was other weird stuff going on (e.g., changes in census data collection methods), during the strange historical event, so it's a little hard to generalize." First, this seems kind of hand-wavy (not all natural experiments have this issue), but second and more importantly, of course it's hard to "generalize" these kinds of experiments because their value in the first place is that they're trying to tease out one specific variable at a specific point in time.

3. The third bullet point just seemed like it could be summarized as "news flash, academics like to endlessly argue about shit."

I think the fundamental problem when looking for "does X cause Y", is that in the real world these are complex systems: lots of other things cause Y too (or can reduce its chances), so you're only ever able to make some statistical statement, e.g. X makes Y Z% more likely, on average. But even then, suppose there is some thing that could make Y Z% more likely among some specific sub-population, but make it some percent less likely in another sub-population (not an exact analogy but my understanding is that most people don't really need to worry about cholesterol in eggs, but a sub-population of people is very reactive to dietary cholesterol).

Basically, it feels like the author is looking for some definitive, unambiguous "does X cause Y", but that's not really how complex systems work.
Is that something that you learned how to do? Any suggestions for picking up this skill?
Inside the 'unprecedented' crackdown on US consumer watchdog
Show HN: LoveLettersAI – email agent with payments and postage
I have news for you. The Republican budget plan will increase the debt by about 4 trillion [1], an unprecedented amount. They're slashing spending in tiny departments and then handing out multiples of that as tax breaks, mostly to very wealthy people. So if you're relying on "DOGE" and the Trump administration to bring down the debt, you're going to be disappointed.

The last budget surplus was under Clinton.

[1] https://www.newsweek.com/republicans-reveal-trump-tax-plan-w...
Before the internet? Things are a bit different now. HFT monopolized the market maker/arbitrage money with millisecond executions that nobody can compete with.
Then... make the firewall UI so that you can't accidentally push an overly permissive firewall rule?

Just because NAT accidentally achieves some good outcomes doesn't in any way imply that said good outcomes are somehow exclusive to NAT.
> When unplugging and plugging back in external monitors it moves windows back to the same monitors they were on before unplugging them. This is probably the most significant QoL feature.

Sometimes. Sometimes it does. It's all very random. My work laptop drives me nuts, when plugging back into the dock my windows return to where they were about 3/4 of the times. A quarter of the times they just all bunch up on the main monitor.
The smaller bins approach is adjustment via stratification.

Good primer on both here:
https://www.mynutritionscience.com/p/statistical-adjustment
Are you using the app on Android web?

Currently you cannot navigate await from the screen that says "Waiting for your link click", so you will need to open the email in a different app than your browser, or in a different tab.

Sorry about the trouble, I will make this more clear in the UI. If you want you can email me at contact at langturbo dot com and I can look into it.
cellular modems go nonfunctional/obsolete much faster than other systems. 3g is almost entirely gone worldwide. 4g is still around, but providers are already reducing how much their towers dedicate to it. The standards body is working on 6g, who knows when that will come and push out older stuff.

If the case of my car I don't care - I have never found a use for the cellular connectivity it has (if any). However there are lots of other devices where the cellular connectivity is important and users will want to upgrade the modem to keep it working. If cellular connectivity is just a marketing bullet point nobody cares about then integrated is good enough, but if your device really isn't useful without the modem make that modem replaceable for somewhat cheap.
You have stuff like: https://www.literal-labs.ai/tsetlin-machines/ and https://tsetlinmachine.org/ European initiatives..
The MAMBA [1] model gained some traction as a potential successor. It's basically an RNN without the non linearity applied across hidden states, which makes it logarithmic time (instead of linear time) inference with a parallelizable scan [2].

It promises much faster inference with much lower compute costs, and I think up to 7B params, performs on par with transformers. I've yet to see a 40B+ model trained.

The researches of MAMBA went on to start a company called Cartesia [3], which is MAMBA applied to voice models

[1] https://jackcook.com/2024/02/23/mamba.html

[2] https://www.csd.uwo.ca/~mmorenom/HPC-Slides/Parallel_prefix_... <- Pulled up a random example from google, but Stanford CS149 has an entire lecture devoted to parallel scan.

[3] https://cartesia.ai/
On the other hand you should ask yourself why do you care? If you assume no human will ever read the code except in very extraordinary circumstances, why wouldn’t you do that?
No, that's just orientation, I can do that too. Playing first-person games like Descent improves the orientation.

The true compass would be if you could be blinded, walked through some turns, and you could still pick up north, having no idea about how you got into the surroundings.
The very first thing that turns me off before even a reading into details about the site is the cookie consent banner. I tolerate them on sites that I've already established a relationship with because I have some known value with them. Net new places it is a major turnoff to cause me to just close out. I would suggest getting rid of the cookie consent banner and don't ever even try to send cookies that a consent is required for. Because it's not always required it's only when you're doing the shady stuff.
The model and features available to it matters.

o1 says "I’m not aware of a widely recognized or universally known product called “CurrentKey Stats,” so it may not be a mainstream or highly publicized app. There are a few possibilities, though:" and then some guesses.

o3-mini is similar: "I couldn’t find any widely recognized information about an app specifically called CurrentKey Stats. It’s possible that:"

When I turn on its shiny new search capability, it correctly identifies and summarizes the app.

o3-mini-high, search turned off, asks for clarification.

Which means the default free 4o is quietly doing retrieval-augmented generation behind the scenes. I thought o3-mini would search if it didn't know the topic, but I might be misremembering.
> I posted a link to where DOGE is publishing their cuts in response to the comment you are replying to and it was flagged and removed instantly.

You posted a link to a non-official crypto meme website that contained no useful information about what is actually happening with DOGE the government agency.
To start with a bit of project history, we love Wasmtime and that’s our core runtime of choice! Before wasmCloud 1.0, e.g. from 2019-2023, we only used Wasm modules with our own custom ABI. Literally everyone was doing this at the time, to run Wasm you either needed to adopt a platform with a custom ABI or invent it yourself and re-solve all the same problems. The component model and its canonical ABI was a huge opportunity for us to stop maintaining our own and integrate into the ecosystem; now you see examples in projects like Moonbit which just work with wasmCloud out of the box, huge win for us https://www.moonbitlang.com/blog/component-model.

On the WASI side itself, I understand that moving WASI from p1 to p2 was a big but necessary leap. Everyone wanted sockets and HTTP and there was no easy way to rev the monolithic ABI of preview1 to add what was needed in small increments. That’s why you see adapters to move from p1 to p2, which wrap a Wasm module with component metadata, but a component actually just straight up contains the module (you can see it if you look at the textual representation.) We’ll have the same thing from p2 to p3. Not to mention, some systems that don’t support the component model like in Node.js actually “unbundle” the inner module from the component and that works just fine. So from what I understand, module support will never be dropped.
There's not just RICO, conspiracy and stuff like felony murder all put the whole organization who make violence happen on the chopping block.

Of course this organizational blame is enough to put citizens in a cage but by God the citizens ought not hate government employees for their organizations use of a little extrajudicial violence.
Then just enable the firewall by default, or don't even provide a way to disable it unless the user enters "developer/advanced/Pro (tm)" mode. None of these are valid excuses for NAT.
The reason people overpay is that it's impossible to foresee what fee will get you into the next block, so they overpay to not get stuck potentially for hours or more.

Not requiring custodians is just one part, having to rely on third-party services for basic functionality is another.
Lots of people have a good "sense of direction" in terms of an awareness of their surroundings that keeps track of cardinal directions. It also correlates with an ability to use other indicators to reinforce or reacquire this awareness.

Put me on some winding singletrack in the woods, or driving around an unfamiliar part of town, and I'll remember an imaginary map of where I've been and which directions I've turned, and be able to tell you where north is all day. If I forget, there are context clues everywhere - it's late afternoon here in Michigan so the sun is setting in the southern sky, pointing south-southwest. I'm currently in a windowless manufacturing facility, but I know where the front door is and I remember that's on the west side of the building, so I'm facing east. It helps a lot that many roads and buildings are indexed to be precisely aligned with the compass. It also helps that my Garmin GPS watch has a built-in compass, so if I ever need to shoot a bearing precisely, I train and recalibrate this sense of direction.

But if you put a blindfold on me, sit me down on an office chair, spin it around for a couple minutes as you wheel me down the hall and into an unfamiliar room...after I have finished retching, I hypothesize that I'd have no sensation to tell me where north is.

I appreciate the author's study design here - the source PDF [1] and linked website [2] describe feeding the turtles in the same pool, but exposing them to varied magnetic fields by surrounding the pool in a giant Helmholtz coil. It's not as if they flew the turtles alternately to New Hampshire and to the Gulf of Mexico, which might leave lots of context clues in light or smell or taste, but as if they effectively teleported them to an identical pool of water with slightly different magnetic fields.

[1] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-08554-y.epdf?shar...

[2] https://oceanweb.sites.oasis.unc.edu/www.unc.edu/depts/ocean...
He's also on the winning side, so I imagine it'd be in his best interest to make himself look better.
> including all code in this manner will easily exceed context limitations

The context window for Gemini 2.0 Flash can handle roughly 50000 lines of code, and 2.0 Pro can handle twice that.
Can you name a single web framework with wide adoption that was released in the last 6 months? I expect you to delete your comment if you can’t.
So if the poles flip- there navigation fails?
I might be misremembering some of the details (in fact, given that the web portal works, I think it might allow new devices to have local IPs, but bounce all outbound packets until they're registered), but however it works exactly, it does not like passthrough networking on VMs in practice.

(If I had to guess, just letting any machine have a million new IPs for the firewall to track has its own issues, so you'd end up with policies upon policies.)

In any case, sometimes middleboxes just don't behave precisely how we want them to, and that's why I'm skeptical of the typical IPv6 position of "a flat /64 network (or something emulating one) is all you'll ever need".
Typst doesn't even have a stable release yet. Give it some time, I genuinely believe it will get there.
Personally I think foundation models are for the birds, the cost of developing one is immense and the time involved is so great that you can't do many run-break-fix cycles so you will get nowhere on a shoestring. (Though maybe you can get somewhere on simple tasks and synthetic data)

Personally I am working on a reliable model trainer for classification and sequence labeling tasks that uses something like ModernBERT at the front end and some kind of LSTM on the back end.

People who hold court on machine learning forums will swear by fine-tuned BERT and similar things but they are not at all interested in talking about the reliable bit. I've read a lot of arXiv papers where somebody tries to fine-tune a BERT for a classification task, runs some arbitrarily chosen parameters they got out of another paper and it sort-of works some of the time.

It drives me up the wall that you can't use early stopping for BERT fine-tuning like I've been using on neural nets since 1990 or so and if I believe what I'm seeing I don't think the networks I've been using for BERT fine-tuning can really benefit from training sets with more than a few thousand examples, emphasis on the "few".

My assumption is that everybody else is going to be working on the flashy task of developing better foundation models and as long as they emit an embedding-per-token I can plug a better foundation model in and my models will perform better.
Agentic AI can't do it alone
I think a Californian secession (as absurd as that idea is) would look very different from Brexit. For one California has no control over the vast majority of the taxes paid within the state because it goes to the Federal government, which then spends most of it in other states. This has caused a lot of negative effects like the collapse of highway funding in the 70s leading to the dire traffic we have today with lots of other compounding effects. It’s the fifth biggest economy in the world on its own, so all of that tax funding going to the state would be a massive improvement over the current state of affairs. Overall, California could probably lower the overall tax rate on its citizens while implementing policies like universal healthcare.

I don’t think the economic disruption would be as great because for one, California’s regulatory regime is already one of the strictest in the country and due to its size, most companies (like car manufacturers) already follow them so that they don’t bifurcate their markets. Second, California produces half the domestic produce in the country so food security for the nation would be on the table.

Obviously this is a ridiculous thought experiment. There is no article 50 in the constitution and it’d probably start another civil war (that said, some of the largest weapons caches in the country are in California)
Try playing First person shooter games that don't have a map. But as I said in a sibling comment, it's just orientation using memory, not a compass.
The numbers they claim to save are like trying to turn your household budget around by cutting out a weekly latte.

If you really want to make big financial changes, you need a lot more income, or cut serious costs - like a car payment or downsize your house. In the case of DOGE, I haven't seen them touch DoD or any of the massive medical programs, etc.
Congrats Marco.

I have desktop product which I've developed using Delphi and still maintain. Has 10th of thousands of customers. Gets me some cache every month ;)

I do use many languages but Turbo Pascal and than Delphi have special places in my museum. Too bad Borland fucked it up so grossly and lost market.

I think as a tool for generic applications with extensive UI it is still unmatched by anything else.
China's Plateauing Fuel Use Is Without Precedent, IEA Says
The mistake is to assume our concept of morality is shared by the oligarchs.
It is one of the proposed mechanisms, but apparently it is still unclear what is actually used [1,2].

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetoreception#Proposed_mech...

[2] https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-migrating-bir...
A monopoly is better for retail consumers?

I get that quants can get their alpha and whatever higher order terms, but if a consumer is buying to hold or using some other non-day trading strategy, why is this bad?
https://archive.is/GuGkE
Oh, and though WIT can be in-your-face in these tutorials (as we try to leave a good offramp for folks to customize beyond the quickstart) WIT shouldn’t be necessary for most common use-cases. There are standardized interfaces that language toolchains may support out-of-the-box, e.g. TinyGo supporting wasi-cli by default with the wasip2 target. If you use the SDKs in wasmCloud or Rust crates like wstd, then the interfaces are selected automatically since they’re being used behind the functions in the SDK itself. It’s meant to be lower level and handled by toolchains and library developers.
Even if Apple does everything right, there will be problems.

One major problem with Bluetooth is that the spec is so complex that it is unlikely that any device you try to interoperate with implements the relevant parts correctly.

To compound that, most implementations in use came from half arsed SDKs that silicon vendors rushed out the door 5 or 10 years ago, and the devices have no update capability so they are never getting fixed.
The possible moral argument, is the government is funding a service that costs businesses revenue.

However it would be pretty insane to argue that a citizen of a country should need to pay money for someone to fill out a basic tax return to pay taxes…
As a childhood user of QB45, VB, and then VC++, the whole .NET branding to me was confusing and abysmally explained, and I swear my gut reaction when I see it is that I still don't understand it. At the time it felt like a completely out-of-touch attempt to get in on the dot com craze, and the name itself made no fucking sense.
> Yet people with experience know that Step 2 requires orders of magnitude more effort and time than Step 1.

And also that the steps here should be reversed. Sure if you are tearing down a building you destroy before creating, but systems aren't buildings. If you are going to create a new system to run the cash registers for your business you don't tear out the old one and worry about building the new one later. First you have the replacement ready THEN remove the old one.
So because you don't want it means that nobody can get it?

Because that's what happens if you advocate for NAT by default. Conversely, with "IPv6 + inbound-blocking-firewall on CPEs by default", everybody gets the same behavior by default, and people that want something else can get that instead.
This article should clarify at the start whether TCP or UDP is under consideration. NAT idle timeouts for both are typically very different. RFC 5382 [0] specifies no less than 2 hours and 4 minutes for TCP. RFC 4787 [1] specifies no less than 2 minutes for UDP. Towards the end of the article it becomes clear that it's UDP.

The example diagrams also incorrectly show port numbers exceeding 65535. The port fields in TCP and UDP headers are 16 bits [2].

[0]: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5382
[1]: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc4787
[2]: https://textbook.cs161.org/network/transport.html
Recommend using service like clerk to make signup/in easy. (https://clerk.com/pricing). Free for first 10k users.
With all these long blog/news posts, been asking for a TLDR via AI. It does a good breakdown on thoughts vs actions. Then if it sounds interesting, then go back. Fabric app (oh github) works well ollama or lm-studio (and llm of choice)

It also works well with long YT videos using the closed captions, no time to listen to a 2 hour podcast.

TLDR:

* Trump and Elon Musk are reportedly using FCC Commissioner Brendan Carr to target speech they disagree with, posing a significant threat to First Amendment rights.

* Carr has been described as a tool in Trump's strategy to control free speech, with actions including investigations into major broadcasters like ABC, CBS, and NBC for their coverage or internal policies.

* The Verge's Nilay Patel criticizes this as an unprecedented attack on free speech, highlighting how the FCC, under Carr, might punish media for their editorial decisions, which contradicts traditional First Amendment protections.

* The narrative suggests that this administration's actions could fundamentally challenge the freedom of the press and speech in the U.S., using government authority in ways not seen before.
Yeah, I was thinking "what does the Wine guys have to do with this?"

This project is definitely going to get C&D'd.
This is great, I’ve been wanting something like this for a while!

A few points of early feedback after 15min of listening with only “Show Translation” on:

1. Showing only a fragment of each sentence at a time feels hard to follow as in scanning to the start of the next fragment (which can jump around vertically) and lacking the context of previous words

Would you consider a view that shows more of the surrounding words but, like focus mode in iA Writer, grays out the non-current fragment?

2. There are sometimes gaps in transcription/translation

3. I couldn’t find my favourite Spanish podcast, Radio Ambulante, which I feel would probably be quite a popular one for Spanish learners — Any particular reason?
It's worse if you share a name and birth date with someone, doubly worse if they die before you.

In general, identity verification is a joke in the US. At best its a racket.
No waste and fraud so far, but making good progress in leaking of classified info. It’s just another unspeakable horror for people who decided to help USA and will be killed by adversaries as a result...
What are wavefronts? Not getting many search results on that, besides a few github issues mentioning them.

https://github.com/AdaCore/RecordFlux/issues/955

https://learn.adacore.com/search.html?q=wavefront&check_keyw... (nada)

https://docs.adacore.com/spark2014-docs/html/ug/search.html?... (nada)

https://github.com/AdaCore/spark2014/issues?q=wavefront%20 (nada)
Show HN: Open-Source AI Chess App
I forgot to put it on public since my college exams finished, so better doing it late than never. I made it basically for learning chess, but also I learned how to do a P2P game with WebRTC from scratch without libraries.

Hope you like it and play with friends (although it's a little bit slow), it's fun.
The vast majority of trading is done digitally these days.

For an overview of how much flows through each venue, CBOE has this nice summary page.

https://www.cboe.com/us/equities/market_share/