skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Here is the US viewpoint.

VATs offer an unfair competitor disadvantage for US companies engaged in international trade.

US relies primarily on corporate and income taxes. This creates an asymmetry in taxation that affects trade. When US companies sell goods abroad, they don’t get a tax refund because the US has no VAT.

Trump is partially right that US companies face an additional tax burden that foreign companies avoid which he essentially equates to a hidden tariff.

But because the US does not have a similar VAT system then it puts the US at a disadvantage.

We can debate the wisdom of reciprocal tariffs but he clearly wants production brought back here and for Europe and other countries to stop taking advantage of the US. So he is taking measures he believes will address that.
Ah! That would speed up the game a bit, for sure.

I like my idea a bit better. Fouls become way more strategic. Maybe you do away with the bonus, though. A foul on the floor just changes possession. A foul during shot becomes almost a toss up. You still have foul limits on players, and maybe you decrease the foul out limit to 4 just for fun. :)
> see here and here

I believe links are significantly more useful when they include descriptive text like the title or author, rather than just 'here'.
Plus, the "biggest scrapers" have shown their unwillingness to pay for content.
Oh yeah, I think in my head I confuse the size of the bet with the size of the ranges where it could be claimed to frequently cross the line between sell or buy (which I proposed would be what is most frequently crossed over), but in normal stock markets the market never hits the bottom. Compare this – real markets – to discrete signal between in [0.00,5.00] with smallest change being 0.25, and the market frequently going to zero or near zero, where know it often goes from [0.00, 1.75] to [2.25, 5.00]. In such case you wouldn't lose as heavily. So then markets can be roughly & informally modeled as what's the relationship between how much it somehow "often" changes vs. what's the risk cost, e.g. since normally stocks don't drop to zero constantly what's the bottom part in the traditional market graph that stays the same (it doesn't seem trivial to me what's the best way to consider what's often and what's the bottom part as the bottom part may change over time even if it most of time in real world remains constant, but I think the idea doesn't need one to know the exact alforhitm as yet to speak of values that if often crosses.

So what, then is the exact information value of these candy bars of when the stock has not changed value? What do they tell us? And moreover, are they consistently valued, since the primary tail risk seems to be (probably, I am not expert) market crash, which means one would expect each to have the unchanging candy bar to relative to future performance, so that if we have a reasonable assumption of market crash probability, then some pattern should emerge & things should make sense?

I believe it's trivial to formalize this point & honestly fruitless to not to figure it out, but I will post this comment & perhaps later on return to this. To me the primary here is that the candy bar is what matters, and that if any markets like my [0.00, 5.00] market exist, my strategy would be profitable in those.

Moreover, I think in trading strategy the idea that one wants to guess how fast they can cross the threshold to not to lose, to be able to "Martingale" as you out it is valuable & kellyable.
> It seems very unlikely that such a lib in itself has any cyber security risk as long as it itself does not query an external database through a network connection.

It almost certainly has tons, because it was not designed to read attacker-controlled images or data files. If someone uses it that manner, I would be absolutely shocked if it doesn't. The testing suite focuses exclusively on correctness and speed.

> If you would discover some security issue, like a buffer overrun, would you fix it?

No. I don't use this work; I no longer work in science; etc. It's just a gift to other people of several years of work and a ton of time in vtune making it go fast.
“Healthy” is meaningless. You should provide calorie counts and strive for nutritional balance.

If I have a “healthy” 300 calorie salad before a 3 hour run, I will crash very hard. Instead I will eat a high sugar and high fat candy bar.

If I have two “healthy” 800 calorie quinoa and chickpea salads when I am trying to lose weight, I will gain weight. Instead I could even eat a 500 calorie burger and lose weight.

Frankly if you are interested in your health, you have to understand how it all works. Sometimes you need carbs, sometimes you need fat, and sometimes you need protein. The amount that you need today depends on what you are planning to do this week. You need to know your own schedule and feed yourself accordingly.

Most of the “changing opinions over time by health experts” is because they are trying to answer “what one advice works for everyone” which is a non-starter question to begin with.
For your second question: https://jellyfin.org/docs/general/clients/codec-support/#vid...
Los Angeles wildfires spark interest in adobe, natural building materials
You can only reclaim VAT from the previous piece of the chain that paid vat. For US company there is nothing to reclaim, as nothing was paid in the first place. At the end of the day, customer still pays the full amount at the point of sale.
Many businesses in the UK operate comfortably with revenue less than £90k. Sole traders mainly. But yes, once you employ staff it's likely you'll be looking at needing a higher revenue.
You can’t equate VAT and sales tax, as the article explains. It’s an inherent property of US sales tax that it pyramids (multiplies on each intermediary sale). You would have the analogous effect if you sell the US-produced car to a US-based reseller: The sales tax on the steel is lost to you as well then, you don’t get it refunded from the sales tax paid by the US end consumer who buys the car from the reseller.

So if anything, the sales-tax system should be critized, not the VAT.

The EU import VAT has the purpose of treating EU producers and foreign producers equally, by subjecting both to the same tax rate. But you can’t blame the EU for steel being effectively more expensive in the US (if that is actually the case), similar to how you can’t blame the EU for labor costs being higher (or lower) in the US.
Sorry Im not trying to play sleight of hand. As far as tariffs and business competitiveness are concerned, the things that matter are the price to the consumer and the profit to the company.

You seem to be saying that it is self-evidently fair that the EU end up with 2k in taxes in both cases, where in the case where it was imported there was far less happening in the EU. Why do they deserve 2k in tax revenue when the steel was rolled in the US ?
That's why you keep it offline at all times! And for calls use something dumb & leave that at home.
The US is still entirely in control of the rate.
This makes sense when the cost of running the integration tests is high due to real hardware being in the loop. But for most business software this isn't the case and e2e tests aren't actually costly.

Looking at a previous project we ran full e2e tests from an end user perspective in three major browsers in less than 15 minutes at a cloud cost of only a few hundred dollars per month. Compared to the cost of developers on the project that was a negligible amount.

Adding more unit tests would make the feedback cycle shorter on some changes, but also add development time to create and maintain those tests. So in line with the article we did so only sparingly on a few critical paths that were likely to cause issues. The rest was well covered by e2e tests.
Do people experience the frequent loss of part of the trading history when reviewing at round end on the browser version?
They are way too big for Europe. And the quality of American cars is nothing to write about. It’s like asking why do America not buy fiats.
The Project Vesta approach looks promising and at least theoretically cost effective: https://www.vesta.earth/science#Introduction
Is the US basically defenseless at this moment in time from a nuclear attack?
> Because it is single market. Just like inter-state commerce inside USA.

No. The US doesn't do this for interstate commerce. For example, California doesn't reduce its sales tax on an item just because Illinois already charged some other tax on that item.

> Now why the corporations inside USA have failed to lobby mechanism that allows them to get refunds on sales taxes when they export stuff is reasonable question to ask.

It's not the job of US corporations to fix discriminatory tax and tariff schemes cooked up in Europe.

On the other hand, in Washington, some people are starting to take notice. If the Europeans want to slap a 20% price increase on US goods, we also know how to do that for European goods.
Caveat: I have not looked at the neither the API nor the implementation of Kreuzberg, this is purely from personal work.

Even with CPU bound code in Python, there are valid reasons to be using async code. Recognizing that the code is CPU bound, it is possible to use thread and/or process pools to achieve a certain level of parallelism in Python. Threading won't buy you much in Python, until 3.13t, due to the GIL. Even with 3.12+ (with the GIL enabled), it's possible (but not trivial) to use threading with sub interpreters (that have their own, separate GIL). See PEP 734 [0].

I'm currently investigating the use of sub interpreters on a project at work where I'm now CPU bound. I already use multiprocessing & async elsewhere, but I am curious if PEP 734 is easier/faster/slower or even feasible for me. I haven't gotten as far as to actually run any code to compare (I need to refactor my code a bit with the idea of splitting the work up a bit differently to account for being CPU instead of just IO bound).

[0] https://peps.python.org/pep-0734/
jellyfin is open source, that's enough reason for me.
Who collects the float on the VAT for these intermediate businesses between when they pay it and when they are reimbursed?
Will AI take web developer jobs?
We all know who pays for it in the end...
You can own -1 sheep. It is called debt.
In practice, when you buy something with VAT reverse charged, you normally declare the VAT to be paid and immediately claim it back on the same declaration. So in the net you pay nothing, but the VAT is of course still there.
Interesting. I'd read Ed Zitron's take at https://www.wheresyoured.at/never-forgive-them/ and he's zeroing in on the tech companies doing this: 'Every app we use is intentionally built to “growth hack” — a term that means “moving things around in such a way that a user does things that we want them to do”'
“Our AI” + “if the AI misses a question simply click the analyze button” how do you not see how ridiculous this all sounds?
Is that enough?

I've seen some fireproofing for wildfires done in videos and a lot of the efforts focused on work around eaves, how close vegetation is, and anywhere there is ventilation or ways for sparks to get inside the home. I was a little surprised how little focus there was on the building materials.
> buy $5000 worth of steel in the US, inclusive of sales tax

Sales tax is only charged on retail sales to consumers, there is no sales tax on raw materials for production. So if material costs are the same, and sales tax and VAT rates are the same, the steel will be less in the USA, because there will be no sales tax. In your example, the steel would only be $4k in the US.

You are calling the US tax sales tax but acting like it was applied like a VAT.
Is your kid being pressured by their peers to conform? There is a solution for it, just change schools!
That sounds crazy
That's your choice of course. I suspect that a lot of casual fans (raises hand) may largely ignore the regular (long) season but get more engaged in the payoffs, especially if they have a team they care about involved which has obvious financial implications for the teams involved.
They don't list Infuse on there, but it's pretty great in its support of pretty much everything. The Apple TV has certainly surprised me by being an excellent platform for in-home streaming.
> 2) Assume this timestamp starts on May 20, 1875 which was once a COBOL epoch standard.

Was it? I've never heard of that date in connection with COBOL before.

I've heard some people try to connect it to ISO 8601, but I think that's a misinterpretation – yes, the text of some versions of the ISO 8601 standard refers to that date, but only as a fixed point of reference to formally define the ISO 8601 timescale – really an editorial choice which makes no difference to implementations of the standard, which aren't supposed to treat that date in any way specially, and I'm not aware of any that actually do. Furthermore, the reference to this date in ISO 8601 was apparently only inserted in its 2004 revision, while surely this system is much older than that

Now, it isn't impossible that some SSA computer system actually does use "1875-05-20" as some kind of "sentinel" value. Sentinel values like that are actually quite common in legacy systems. But if it does, I don't think it is because it is following any kind of widespread standard (whether COBOL or ISO 8601), I think it may just be an idiosyncrasy of the SSA or of that particular computer system.

But, here's my own guess as to what is happening here: some random anonymous DailyKos commenter has come up with a speculative, and ultimately incorrect, guess as to why DOGE is wrong – and people all over the Internet are now repeating it, because they like what it says, and don't know enough about the technical details involved to realise it is likely wrong. It wouldn't surprise me if SSA computers don't treat the date "1875-05-20" specially at all, and that is just an invention of this commenter

Which is not to say DOGE's claims are right – it is entirely possible that they are wrong – just not for this reason, for some other reason instead...
Dear Leader is never wrong. There is no COVID in ba sing se.
AI will not take anyone's jobs. Executives looking to juice the value of their stock portfolio and cut expenses to create a better revenue story for the companies they run will fire people and attempt to smear "AI" all over their operations.
Most US state sales taxes also apply to imported products so should othe countries consider that a tariff as well?
The nutritionist probably isn’t an idiot, and didn’t assume the developers lacked the knowledge or intellectual capacity to determine the nutritive and caloric density of food. People choose convenience foods for two reasons: a) they’re usually delicious in the least healthy ways, and b) because they’re convenient. The nutritionist likely understood that people choosing unhealthy convenience foods because they were delicious and didn’t care if they were healthy— such as the author— were going to do that anyway. They were probably trying to even out the cognitive load required to make healthy choices for the people that did want to make better choices but were just grabbing whatever was convenient while running to a meeting or as a quick break without losing their flow and didn’t really have time to think about it.

There might be a knowledge problem here, though: perhaps the author, a bit arrogantly, incorrectly assumed they understood the nutritionist’s ostensibly simple-minded intent and strategy on-sight, and dismissed it out-of-hand instead of considering its utility for differing goals, challenges, and motivations.
You have it exactly backwards. People got hooked by the doctors, and pivoted to heroin when they were tagged as pill seekers.

I had a spinal fusion in my early 20s. I was discharged from the hospital with a script for 90 days of opioid painkillers, 3x a day. $10 copay… I took like 4-5 and was done. I had a extensive support network between my lovely wife and family… people who do not develop a opioid problem like 60% of the time.

The standard of care changed because of Perdue. Dentists were handing out 30 day scripts, people were getting opioids for minor ortho issues, etc.

As abuse became more prevalent, sourcing prescription pills got expensive. Heroin was more available and cheaper - the use of this stuff became way broader than the stereotype of hypes selling plasma, etc.
For a bunch of supposedly smart people there is some really profound misunderstanding of European VAT on this thread. I was going to put it right but I can't be bothered with the pedantic armchair experts. I'm in Finance at a large multinational, and I'm responsible for over $100m of trade in goods across the world. I'm going to state the facts and armchair pedants be damned. My business pays no VAT. I reclaim all import VAT and any other purchase VAT. I can't reclaim import duties (tariffs). Therefore VAT is not a tariff. The end.
Thirty-Two Bit Real Estate
The part about “non trivial code” does a lot of lifting here. I would say your statement is untrue in general in at least a few languages.

In .NET and Java it costs at least 100x as much time to throw an exceptions as to return an error code.

Other languages may have cheaper exceptions, but for many mainstream languages, you pay a big performance price for exceptions.

That price is often offset by other positive things, so the tradeoff is made willingly and with eyes open.
I rarely write isolated unit tests.

Most of the systems I build use a database on which all logic depends, and often a network connection.

I've worked on systems where these aspects were mocked, and they eventually grind to a halt because of the effort required to make the tiniest change.

First of all you need a way to create a pristine database from code, preferably in memory. Second nested nested transactions are nice, since you can simply rollback the outer transaction per test case; otherwise you need to drop/create the database which is slower.

For networked servers, an easy way to start/stop servers in code and send requests to them is all you need.

Given these pieces, it's easy to write integration tests that run fast enough and give a lot of bang for the buck.

TDD is even more rare for me, I typically only do that when designing API's I'm unsure about, which makes imagining user code difficult. And fixing bugs, because it makes total sense to have a failing test to verify that you fixed it, and that it remains fixed.
I did something similar (also inspired by Buster Benson): https://days.sonnet.io

Aaand, here's another one I like: https://days.rory.codes
I appreciate that Al describes what AI is bad at, what it's good at, and what types of products/work are at risk of being replaced.

Overall, I think building sophisticated apps/SaaS is safe because LLMs can't generate the overall quality experience that customers want.

But I agree with Al that AI allows people to generate apps for personal use and low-quality website templates.
Appreciate the thoughtful and heartfelt response.

> If you're talking about America's GOP, they are inveterate liars who cause untold misery the world over.

Well, yeah. I mean, all you're preaching sounds lovely, but eg Pete Hegseth's "Western Christian Paideia" is a fascist call to arms: he literally titled his book "American Crusade," so how can I not find it impossible to trust anyone sporting a crucifix?
Updated, thanks again.
So I agree that more complexity is not better and there’s a real risk of alienating fans with complicated schemes. But chess has made real inroads by providing good commentators and analysis. You can’t make teams play dumber but you can teach fans to be smarter.

As for missing, the video I linked debunks that. 3 pointers are replacing long 2 pointers which also had a low percentage. And in turn, the game has become less crowded and more spread out, leading to a higher percentage on dunks and layups. The pace has also dramatically increased, leading to more swings in scoring, which is pretty exciting.
My media center is a laptop with a broken screen, running Arch Linux and Kodi. Kodi has a web interface that you can stream to. Why might I want to add Jellyfin?
This happened on February the 9th - 10th

This wikipedia article was marked for deletion, so just in case
https://archive.ph/wip/7fvmI

Other forums are mentioning conspiracy theories about political oponents sabotaging the current (new) government.

No skin in that game
>Wouldnt it be more fair to just charge VAT on the value that the importer is adding, rather than the entire value? I suppose they would if they could but its impractical for international trade.

They don't pay anything. They collect the tax paid by consumer which is N percent of the price. If N - 1 was already collected by previous parts of the chain, they only have to collect 1.
This sounds like the most annoying possible way to play a game that is expected to be done a dozen times per hour.
Beyond the car culture issue, I thought it was interesting to see the direct line drawn between legally required insurance purchases and the preference for FIRE jobs over STEM jobs in the US. Several years later, a few of the author's points ring even more true - like outsourcing/offshoring affecting STEM jobs more so than other white collar jobs.

Seems like a good loose thread to pull to find some new ideas, regarding regulation and incentive structures in general.

Edit: My top quote from the article

> ...[A]t some point there is going to have to be a national conversation about the fact that our regulations are written to benefit the FIRE folks at the expense of the STEM people. It shouldn’t be less risky to insure a car than it is to design, engineer, build, market, distribute, and warranty it.
> Imagine a company that sells you a router, and they declare that the necessary software is provided "free of charge", and as an extra convenience they've pre-installed it for you.

If this meant that routers booted off of swappable SD cards then that'd be awesome.
awesome-safety-critical lists a number of specs:
https://awesome-safety-critical.readthedocs.io/en/latest/#so...
Whose job is to pick a leadership that then values said rigor?

Since this is a feedback loop it's everyone's duty to help so it works as a virtuous cycle and not the poo-poo loop it has become.
There are different definitions of direct and indirect costs. According to the strictest definition, only billable hours are direct costs. All other costs of employment are indirect. But at least for applications from the academia, NIH considers indirect costs of employment direct costs.

Grants are not money you can use the way you see fit. If the budget includes funds for hiring employees, you cannot use them to hire contractors. You can use the money as originally requested, return it, or apply for a permission to change the budget. You can make minor changes on your own, but not major changes such as hiring a third party to do a substantial part of the work.
Wait, so this paid support is $0 support? Then how is it paid?
Except the lowest income classes don’t own property and pay no property taxes directly. Considering renters also pay less in Texas than Cali, it seems a pretty un-regressive regime.
That’s the conventional wisdom but I think it’s worth challenging it. Or at least, if by “productivity” you mean “work” (I think there’s an important distinction there).

There is nothing wrong with your work being the focus of your life. Many people derive great pleasure and satisfaction from, and make a positive impact on the world with, their work. Life without relationships would be a hell of loneliness, but life without work would be a hell of boredom and meaninglessness. (I’m aware that much work is drudgery, I refer mainly to the kind of work one can derive joy from, which I suspect many of us on HN have in our lives.)

The question “is it okay to work all the time” is explored rather well here:

https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/search-engine/id161425...
You can still do that, just don't submit it to a normal or TAS leaderboard. Put it on Youtube and say here's this cool thing I did. Even Doodong's Cavern is a meme.