skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I mean, what's the rationale in the US for a business being taxed on their profits, and also having to pass along the sales tax they've collected?

It's just two forms of taxation. Sales tax/VAT is a fixed proportion of sales, and then you also pay tax on profit that's left.

You might as well ask why people pay income tax when they make money and then have to pay sales tax/VAT again when they spend it!

Of course, answering that is complicated, and there are a lot of factors. But the main one is basically that governments like to tax "everything", so that people/goods/services that might wind up evading one tax wind up paying another. Sales tax makes sure governments get revenue even when businesses make no profit, taxing profits makes sure governments get more revenue when businesses make more money.
In what way does VAT differ based on the origin? All VAT is cancelled out except for the final purchase by a consumer, no?
I live in DC, I could be wrong but this looks like some random person just pulled up Zillow today and made up a story about it. There are 700,000 people here, there are always a lot of homes for sale.

Also, 80-90% of federal workers do not live in DC, and conversely I think less than a quarter of DC residents work for the government.

Edit: Also, most of the people fired recently have been probationary employees, as in early career or right out of college. They do not own $3 million homes.
Reminds me of Kranzberg’s First Law:

> “Technology is neither good nor bad; nor is it neutral.”
> People aren't getting fired and 1-1 replaced by an AI agent.

Tell that to all the customer service AI chatbots. They don't need as many real CS agents anymore because one chatbot can reply to hundreds or thousands of tickets with useless garbage copy-pasted from the FAQ. Given that even most real CS agents also only do that nowadays anyway, yeah they've been replaced.

This tends to be incredibly effective at CS's real job, which is to make customers with problems go away from being able to make it to bothering the actual consumer-unfriendly-decision-makers. If you start looking for this you will see it absolutely everywhere. Chatbots are really really good at making people too frustrated and exhausted to pursue other routes.

There are a few companies whose CS actually still is good (like Mila Cares!!!) but in my experience most CS just wants to get rid of the annoying customer.

Also, sort of related (to me, blame my autism), I've heard that the practical effect of a suicide hotline can be annoying the caller enough for them not to do the thing. I've had at least one or two friends told me that this was the effect it had on them. (they're doing better nowadays)
It’s not really a tax on their profits. Consumers have to pay it on top of the net sales price, and they know that it won’t add to the company‘s bottom line. The money goes to the state every month (or quarter sometimes), deducted by the VAT the business itself already paid for services/products.

For accounting purposes, VAT is a totally separate cycle of money, and for every important financial metric, VAT is ignored. [Removed] If you happen to spend more VAT than you collect, you’ll get the negative back from the state. Also, the net price is always known because it must be shown on every invoice.
You might be repeating it because it's a baseless assertion. Where's the proof?
OpenAI seems to be hiring lots of people [1]. Should they at least be able to do more with less?

Can you answer my question about an "AI native" company that never even had people to replace?

[1] https://openai.com/careers/search/
I find it mildly insane that your only measure of productivity appears to be working on some sort of project.

If you're really not trying to do that, maybe restructure this sort of assessment to just be a computation of hours you will be awake. That would at least leave it much more open what a productive hour actually means.
I don't think California or Massachusetts needs to tax income, certainly not at the level they currently do. Look at Washington, with its lack of income tax yet very strong intellectual economy, not only in software but also a growing biotech scene.

CA, NY, and MA all have terrible problems with housing and land use in general, largely caused by poor allocation of land due to extremely poor taxation.

Land in Manhattan, Cambridge, the Bay Area, and Los Angeles is some of the most productive land in the world, but the extraction happens because of the network effects of bundling people together.

By taxing the land rents, poor uses could be replaced by far better ones, increasing the land value and economic output even further.

Property tax isn't quite as good as a land value tax, but it's at least getting towards taxing the right thing.
>I’m not entitled to my Kindle working forever just because I bought it today.

Yes you are. This is how it worked for nearly all of history. Its the entire point of the right to repair movement, to prevent companies from this scummy model of demanding a subscription for everything and trying to stop people from owning anything. Buying a Kindle over and over again benefits no one but Amazon and their stock holders. Its even more disgusting that the OP's Kindle broke because Amazon broke it on purpose.
The Trump team is not stupid and understands that the Vat tax is not discriminatory. The problem is in their logic and propaganda - "USA has a trade deficit because everyone is taking advantage of us".

Then they look here at the EU and it turns that it has very low tariffs for the US, and the trade still has a large deficit. That goes against everything they say, so what excuse are they going to use against Europe?

They are not going to admit that their logic doesn't follow problem is elsewhere. And they know perfectly well that because the Vat tax is not a tariff, and because EU governments depend on the revenue they get from it, it is impossible for them to get rid of it. They really want these tariffs just because that's what they believe, that tariffs are 100% good, the reasoning doesn't matter
As a Tesla owner, I'm 33k in on a set of all seasons and still in the green on two. You can't move the goalposts like that - the same is true on an ICE sports car.
"a fast and effective way to have a multi-million-token context window"

This truly is the challenge - both to have the huge context window and the ability to conduct coherent and comprehensive reasoning using the entire context. We should see soon whether there is a Moore's law effect here: I would be immensely surprised if not.
If the output idles, digital SPDIF signals lose sync. Re-syncing once playback starts is not instant, and you lose the first second of audio or so. I wrote a program that kept open an output withought dumping any data to the line, just to prevent the output from idling.

Doesnt make much sense in the context of a laptop though, so energy savings make sense there.
By the time AI can replace me (a decent but not spectacular programmer), it's not going to be that far from being able to improve itself. At that point, all bets are off. Good luck trying to outwit a self-improving AI that is smarter than you!
Were the two inconsistencies I quoted not smoking guns?
"story" is used more abstractly then that.

Literary storytelling is one thing, but we also function in daily life by taking in raw information and then distilling it down to a simpler narrative, aka a story. Effective communication accounts for this and creates a narrative for you to latch onto.

Creating a narrative, aka, story telling. It's ready to see the inspiration for the phrase, although yes the result is an overloaded term.
And if you read a previous comment it effectively means imported goods are taxed twice.
Both in their country of manufacture and then again in the country where they are sold.
It makes sense to tax local companies with a VAT tax to fund their local govt/infrastructure. But imports are get nothing for that tax.
If you are a European exporter and there is no tariff/tax in your export destination then you only get taxed once.

And thats why "where the fuck you produced it" matters.
It depends, really.

Some people genuinely don't know what's healthy and what's not. Some people know what's healthy but having trouble resisting these temptation. Usually it's a mixture of both.
I’m currently going through the content and feeling a bit lost actually completing the practicals in module 3-4 - less around the hack syntax and more around what I’m trying to achieve and why. I’m considering skipping forward to assembly coding then circling back. Failing that, any other tips?

Edit: for context, I can program C#, Node/React, python and Java, and have read a lot of high level code but minimal exposure to systems coding.
> when is the right time to buy a house, pension plans, S&P 500, Bitcoin, all of it.

This is why I think ChatGpt can become the world's biggest ad company. Any recommendation it gives can be go through a bidding network where advertiser can bid for their keywords and ChatGpt can give the highest bidders recommendation.

Of Course it needs to give good or good enough recommendation, if the quality goes down then users will move somewhere else.
Tariff is applied to import and export. VAT is applied to everything, including domestically produced things. German cars pay the same VAT which makes it fundamentally different them VAT.

So, stop lying.
Sure, but the same can be said for a performance ICE car.
neither of those is public transit though. For example of well-run systems with inecntive structures aligned with the public interest see ComfortDelGro or MRT
By this logic an American state should remit the sales tax they collect on imported cars back to Germany. The Germans would probably love this, twice as many German products are sold in the US as US products sold in Germany.

Sales Tax, Value Added Tax, Goods and Services Tax, are all taxes on consumption. They are paid by the consumer at the location of the consumption. They aren't a tax on production or producers.
> If there is a complaint to be made about tax policy and implications for US competitiveness in Europe, it is about uncompetitive state sales tax structures in the US system that yield what is known as “tax pyramiding.”

The average state sales tax is probably less than half the average European VAT, so even when you double tax, state taxes are likely still more competitive.

> If a European resident orders from a US retailer, they do not pay US sales tax, just like a US consumer can obtain a VAT rebate on purchases of European products. Neither is a subsidy. These are simply consumption taxes falling on the consumer.

I wonder how often the US consumer actually gets a VAT rebate on their imported purchases, or how many US consumers are even aware of this.
>I don't know what point you're trying to make

In the sense that one cannot create an ideal dome and make an experiment, whether a point particle placed exactly at the top later randomly starts to fall.

One has to study if this class of solutions survives deformations of the ideal dome, to make such an experiment (neglecting quantum effects).
No, it's really not possible anymore. Even if you upgrade the firmware as far as possible, which I've done, you still can't log into the Kindle store on the device. For a while there was a trick you could do involving requesting a one-time password, but even that just doesn't work anymore, even on devices newer than mine. They stopped supporting the device, end of story.
Then Trump's meddling with the NSF is executive authority without oversight – he cannot undo Biden-era legislative acts, which affect the NSF regardless of what Biden ordered elsewhere. Trump does not have complete authority over what Federal agencies do, despite legislation, as a matter of constitutional law – or, rather, JD Vance would like to argue that's the case within the doctrine of unitary executive theory, as well as the Heritage Foundation... we shall see, and the barrage of executive orders here is likely to give us a test case in the Supreme Court

And, of course, we've argued elsewhere that the report's methdology and results are... not a good assumption to begin this conversation on.
The problem isn't what AI can do today, the problem is that it isn't slowing down in what it can do. We keep hearing that AI will stop advancing any year now, but it just keeps getting better.

But ya, I see the future for SWEs as not only being able code, but being able to review code created by AI, and being able to write prompts to get AI to generate code.
Sorry, but a VAT is paid for by the final consumer. US suppliers paying taxes would be a manufacturer's sales tax (MST), but they went out of style decades ago. If any states are dumb enough to still have an MST, maybe they should start there.
But not fully otherwise it becomes easy again.
This is planned, and important, and we'll fix it hopefully soon, it's long overdue. I'm sorry this hasn't happened yet, it's always a game of priorities that can never satisfy everybody on time. It however ranks fairly high on my personal list.

As one could imagine it's a bit (read: a lot) more complicated than just pausing the AudioContext after some time of silence, but we'll get it fixed regardless, it's possible because others did it. There are tradeoffs we're willing to do.

Source: Firefox implementer of a lot of things around this, editor of the Web Audio API standard.
Ask HN: Windows Defender is making Windows 11 unusably slow
Windows Defender is making Windows 11 unusably slow. What can I use instead?
If you think trying to debug a hallucinated code block is more productive than understanding how to write it in the first place is a good thing I have to think you're one of the stupid ones.
These things only get better with time, not worse, and they can already do a lot.

Otherwise we might as well predict that when all is said and done, AI will have no more impact than the fax machine, which is what someone once thought of the internet, and which seemed a lot more reasonable on dial-up AOL than in today's world.
The rule about recursion is likely also to ensure a statically known bound on needed stack space, in addition to a statically known runtime bound (in conjunction with the other rules).

While the criticism of rule 3 is right in that there is a dependence on the compiler, it is still a prerequisite for deriving upper bounds for the runtime by static analysis on the binary. This is actually something that is done for safety-critical systems that require a guaranteed response time, based on the known timing characteristics of the targeted microprocessor.
And even the lecturers acquiesced when they found that a lecture on the sea was none the less stimulating when compiled out of other lectures that had already been delivered on the same subject. “Beware of first-hand ideas!” exclaimed one of the most advanced of them. “First-hand ideas do not really exist. They are but the physical impressions produced by love and fear, and on this gross foundation who could erect a philosophy? Let your ideas be second-hand, and if possible tenth-hand, for then they will be far removed from that disturbing element — direct observation. Do not learn anything about this subject of mine — the French Revolution. Learn instead what I think that Enicharmon thought Urizen thought Gutch thought Ho-Yung thought Chi-Bo-Sing thought Lafcadio Hearn thought Carlyle thought Mirabeau said about the French Revolution. Through the medium of these ten great minds, the blood that was shed at Paris and the windows that were broken at Versailles will be clarified to an idea which you may employ most profitably in your daily lives. But be sure that the intermediates are many and varied, for in history one authority exists to counteract another. Urizen must counteract the scepticism of Ho-Yung and Enicharmon, I must myself counteract the impetuosity of Gutch. You who listen to me are in a better position to judge about the French Revolution than I am. Your descendants will be even in a better position than you, for they will learn what you think I think, and yet another intermediate will be added to the chain. And in time” — his voice rose — “there will come a generation that had got beyond facts, beyond impressions, a generation absolutely colourless, a generation ‘seraphically free From taint of personality,’ which will see the French Revolution not as it happened, nor as they would like it to have happened, but as it would have happened, had it taken place in the days of the Machine.”

The Machine Stops, E M Forster, 1909
Many people live in locations where walking, the bus, or subway are never going to be practical and/or do regular activities that need personal transportation. If a car cost $100K I'd almost certainly still own one.
There is this tweet about impressive companies with short headcount:

https://x.com/benln/status/1889388151770325427?s=46&t=tl870z...

But I don’t think the advent of LLM is responsible for any job cut in these companies. The overall startup ecosystem is (Stripe, cloud computing, efficient customer support software, etc).

But the fact that Cursor is one of those impressive companies shows the demand for AI assistance is huge
One of the things I love about ChatGPT is voice mode for collaborative searching. My wife and I will both ask questions about things like house repairs, meal planning, sleep training, etc. So much better than both of us googling separately in silence on our phones.
“Cheetoh inaugurated”
Yikes
One ponders the connections with the Recall feature
Surely you must be joking, Jupyter notebooks with Ruby [video]
IBM President Thomas J. Watson meets with Hitler in Berlin, June 1937, just before receiving medal for "service to the Reich." https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/ibm-and-quot-death-s-ca...
you read the article? where did you see college in it?

there is absolutely no sport today that is as predictable as nba. check this next thursday 2/20, boston is playing philly

- boston will score between 108 and 125 points

- they will attempt between 48 and 58 3's

- they will make betwee 19 and 25 of them

I can make another 5 of these, they will be true as it is always all the same these days
VAT is a complex system that encourages fraud, which encourages expansion of tax collection and investigation forces. It is also treated differently from income tax. As any tax advisor in Europe will tell you, disparities in VAT reporting and payments/claims are treated with more suspicion by the tax authorities than similar issues with income tax. It is sometimes called a 'punitive tax', because the default behaviour of tax authorities is to fine you.

The cost of compliance is also prohibitively high, even if you find an agent who will deal with various EU members' tax authorities, some (hello, France and Germany!) require suppliers to register and report/pay directly. It is a Byzantine system that's designed to stop growth, exclude small businesses, and entrap taxpayers.

As a European, I would love for it to go to hell and never come back.
Cement is actually great for renewable balancing, too.

You can store high grade heat for calcination via grid load leveling (eg use curtailed solar, which sometimes the grid will pay you to take, to preheat rocks). This allows solar to scale up to a larger fraction of the grid, win win.
You can't be certain of that, though. If you had (for example) pursued work and money more ambitiously in your 20s, maybe those relationships you value now would never have formed in the first place. Maybe then-existing relationships would have suffered to the point of estrangement.

I'm lucky: I worked very hard and did decently well in the startup lottery, but I still left myself enough time to forge valuable relationships. I've witnessed people who chase higher and higher salaries but aren't that lucky, and end up using the years of their life where their mind and body are at their peak of their ability for work instead of play, and regret it.

I'm in my 40s now, and see some younger friends and acquaintances doing things like taking multi-month world trips, diving head-first into new hobbies/skills that take hundreds/thousands of hours to get good at, and I wish I'd done things like that in my 20s and 30s. In part because my responsibilities today make it difficult to do now, but also because I just don't want to do some of those things anymore, because they sound kinda exhausting at my age. But I still wish I had those experiences in my past to look back fondly upon.

I guess what I'm saying is that nothing is certain, and we can't reliably look back and say "if I'd done X 15 years ago, today I'd be able to do Y". Life just doesn't work that way. I think we should do what makes us happy whenever we have the ability to. Sure, look hard for and always be open to opportunities to take on work that could make a big change in your financial life. But be careful with those sorts of choices, because there's always opportunity cost.
A regular tariff is also paid by the buyer yes, the comment i replied to seems to not understand either concept.
Where the VAT is different is that since all products are taxed the same regardless of origin there is no advantage given to any origin. A tariffs would make the foreign product less attractive. VAT does not.
I've not watched FTX's biopic - I think it's one Michael got wrong. But Michael Lewis is a Liar's Poker fan from his days at Salomon.
I don’t understand why this is (was?) dead. Can someone address mdaniel’s comment and explain what is so egregious?
Weeks is the most terrifying unit of time to think in. Short enough so you have a good sense of how long it feels but long enough to add up quickly.
It didn’t. Bitcode was only used for watchOS compatibility.
But those taxes serve different purposes?
On fuel we have VAT (for commerce) and also other taxes (for road maintenance).

Get yourself a good transatlantic deal to get rid if import taxes (and stick to it)
A lot of stuff is simple, like cleaning brushes around the house, replacing wooden fences with metal/stone. More harder - changing ventilation for the attics. Except it is still not popular, so nobody would do it, if not mandated.
the most popular sport on the planet - soccer - doesn't have playoffs anywhere except USA
On a product of 120€ with 70€ wages, they pay 20€ VAT on the 100€-before-tax, and they pay 25% IS (corporate tax) on the 30€ margin, so 7.5€ (this example is for France). If they distribute the remaining 22.5€ as dividends, the recipients pay up to 30% IR, so 7€.

VAT is most of the tax revenue by far. France’s budget is made of 50% VAT, 15% from corporate tax (IS), 10% from income tax (IR) and then the rest from various state revenue (like renting the palaces for movies).

VAT >> other revenues.
I can understand that phrasing - it sounds like they’re trying to impose the American way on sovereign nations. I think they may be surprised that they get nowhere on this.
And the best part of it is that there's really only about 4000 weeks for any one of us! It's an interesting metric.
it is not that anymore
sorry for you loss
I'm very familiar, having changed many sets over the years. If there's no air in the system, pulling fluid away from a hydraulic piston must retract it. It can't just sit there unless there's an air bubble to expand or so much negative pressure that it forms a vacuum somewhere. Even then, pressure on the atmosphere-facing side would push the piston back toward wherever the vacuum or air bubble is.
Person 1 would make exactly one of each possibility. They're just deciding which cards go in which pile/box.
Not relevant because you exclude Elon Musk from the "they" who "have interest in keeping tax filing difficult and unapproachable"? Because he is clearly not one of them: "Simplifying the tax code will increase productivity", "Crazy idea: let’s simplify the tax code", "The tax code needs drastic simplification!", etc. And he seems to have quite a bit of influence in the Trump administration.
Bloodflowtrixi.jl – 1D and 2D blood flow models for arterial circulation