skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
That would be nice for AI-curious users and hobby experimenters, however gamers won't find near-term value in VRAM beyond 16GB. My concern is that due to Intel's severe financial challenges, their CEO du jour will end up killing off the discrete GPU business.

Back when they (finally) got into dGPUs seriously, Intel (and everyone else) said it would take many years and the patience to tolerate break-even products and losses while coming up the learning curve. Currently, it looks pretty much impossible to sustain ongoing profitability in low-end GPUs. Given gamer's current performance expectations vs the manufacturing costs to hit those targets, mid-range GPUs ($500-$750) seem like the minimum to have broad enough appeal to be sustainably profitable. Unfortunately, Intel is still probably years away from a competitive mid-range product. Sadly, the market has evolved weirdly such that there's now a minimum performance threshold preventing scaling price/performance down linearly below $300. The problem for Intel is they waited too long to enter the dGPU race, so now this profit gap coincides with no longer having the excess CPU profits to go in the red for years. Instead they squandered billions doing stupid stuff like buying McAfee.
The author has not seemingly considered the vastly different networking in wasm. You don’t have networking. There is an entirely different utility in these environments, containers are meant to host applications, wasm is an application. Don’t even get me started on disk access, env handling, etc. wasi is great, for the places it does well. It is not a replacement for writing a pure golang/rust/c/julia app and running it in a container, it doesn’t have the facilities for that task.
Wow this is very easy to use. I've been using Github Co-Pilot for a while to do web dev, this is way way way more convenient :)
Disagree: While this might be the case for a handful of languages such as Rust of Go - Many lanugages need a whole lot of other stuff to run (eg, Python needs a lot bunch of dependencies).
I'll quote a longer portion of the transcript about generative AI, because I think it makes the opposite of your point:

Ross’s use is not transformative. Transformativeness is about the purpose of the
use. “If an original work and a secondary use share the same or highly similar purposes, and the second use is of a commercial nature, the first factor is likely to weigh
against fair use, absent some other justification for copying.” Warhol, 598 U.S. at
532–33. It weighs against fair use here. Ross’s use is not transformative because it does
not have a “further purpose or different character” from Thomson Reuters’s. Id. at 529.

Ross was using Thomson Reuters’s headnotes as AI data to create a legal research
tool to compete with Westlaw. It is undisputed that Ross’s AI is not generative AI (AI
that writes new content itself). Rather, when a user enters a legal question, Ross spits
back relevant judicial opinions that have already been written. D.I. 723 at 5. That
process resembles how Westlaw uses headnotes and key numbers to return a list of
cases with fitting headnotes.

I think it's quite relevant that this was not generative AI: the reason that mattered is that "transformative" use biases towards Fair Use exemptions from copyright. However, this wasn't creating new content or giving people a new way to understand the data: it was just used in a search engine, much like Westlaw provided a legal search engine. The judge is pointing out that the exact implementation details of a search engine don't grant Fair Use.

This doesn't make a ruling about generative AI, but I think it's a pretty meaningful distinction: writing new content seems much more "transformative" (in a literal sense: the old content is being used to create new content) than simply writing a similar search engine, albeit one with a better search algorithm.
This also has the benefit of guaranteeing that your rocket's second stage will be deorbited in a timely manner.
Couldn't you satisfy the patterns Friedman identifies just by having perpetually renewable work visas and a path to full citizenship after an arbitrary time like 10 years?
Correct, thank you. Palm-leaf manuscripts typically last about 200 years. WP does claim that some experts believe the Rig Veda was not written down until quite late:

> It is unclear as to when the Rigveda was first written down. The oldest surviving manuscripts have been discovered in Nepal and date to c. 1040 CE.[3][78] According to Witzel, the Paippalada Samhita tradition points to written manuscripts c. 800–1000 CE.[79] The Upanishads were likely in the written form earlier, about mid-1st millennium CE (Gupta Empire period).[33][80] Attempts to write the Vedas may have been made "towards the end of the 1st millennium BCE". The early attempts may have been unsuccessful given the Smriti rules that forbade the writing down the Vedas, states Witzel.[33] The oral tradition continued as a means of transmission until modern times.[81]

As I understand it, the Tipitaka, Panini, Patanjali, etc., were also first written down around the end of the first millennium BCE or the beginning of the first millennium CE, as writing was adopted relatively late in India.
Naw.

The purpose of docker is like a VM. To simulate the running of two or more server machines with OS's to run on one machine.

wasm is like java.
Workflow-wise I was struggling a bit to figure out how to work with the bookmarks in jj not moving along.

I now have a bit of a new strategy:

- When starting up a branch, right up the "final commit message", along with a bunch of notes on what I think I need and other TODOs

- While working, when I want to checkpoint some work, I use jj split to chop up some chunk of work, describe it, and then edit up my TODOs

this way the tip of my branch is always this WIP commit describing my end goal, I can find it, and I can add a bookmark to it.

Instead of git "I add changes over time and make my commit graph move forward", it's "I have a final commit node and add commits _behind it_". Been working well enough.
> Tesla needs to test these conditions

What are "these conditions" exactly? Tesla has 1.3 billion miles of data (impossible to collect without crowdsourcing far beyond the number of Tesla employees). There's probably thousands instances of something very similar to the conditions seen, but something made this a corner case/failure. Or, it's just not possible with the current tech.

You can't opt out of data collection when self driving is enabled. Tesla is aware of every disengagement, with the sensor data categorized and added to their tests, if it's found interesting. They also include synthetic data to manufacture scenarios. They are testing everything they can, and there's a chance this will be added to their tests.

> where innocent lives are at risk

I think a separate permit should be required for self driving, with that permit easily revoked for attention violations. Luckily, in the eyes of the law, the self driving doesn't exist. Driver's still goes to prison if they hit someone.
> with the backing of the Chinese government, they can afford to lose money to gain market share

I'm curious which one lost more money, openai or byd
Would you like to explain how taking (perhaps illegal) action to force transparency in authority is somehow itself authoritarian?
No it won't. People primarily deploy containers for full fat native server applications containing tons of proprietary code and libraries and sometimes specialized hardware access (GPU, etc.).

It would be immensely silly to run full x86 emulators in WebAssembly and go through 2 layers of transpiling / interpreting for what can run natively on the host's CPU.

This argument always reminds me of "Square Hole!" video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6pDH66X3ClA (just because you can make it fit, it doesn't mean you should do it).
That's why I was asking if this conclusion is based on grave DNA data. How else do you know where haplogroups were in earlier periods, other than by already knowing the information about historical migrations and population replacements that we're trying to derive in the first place?
Thank you, this is fantastic!
A VLEO satellite orbits the earth in under two hours, giving it visual coverage of the planet along the satellite ground track for a dozen or more orbits per day. Launching enough balloons to get that kind of coverage, especially without the ability to control their position would cost an astronomical amount. You're not going to get anywhere near the same coverage and they'll probably all end up blown by the same wind system into a vortex and get stuck there anyway.

Weather balloons are inexpensive because the radiosonde payload is very cheap and light, not requiring much power or other infrastructure. Putting a proper surveillance payload on it would dramatically increase the price mostly because it'd then have to power the payload. That role is currently mostly done by UAVs.
Please make one for flutter, tnx
Why would I want a drone swarm in VLEO? That seems like a really hard place to effectively use drones from compared to pretty much any alternative.
yOu AlReAdY dO iT sO yOu MiGhT aS wElL dO iT mOrE!
It means assessment tools like Leetcode and Hackerrank are not enough to evaluate programmer ability. In fact, it never was, and they have always been gamed for the sake of passing the interview.

Every passing day, the value of Leetcode and Hackerrank decreases as a measure, as 'reasoning' AI agents get increasingly better. It now takes a very skilled engineer to review the code from these LLMs as they are still non-deterministic tools and still generate plausible code that look correct but is in fact erroneous or unoptimal.

The real solution for proper software engineering interview assessments are live code reviewing ability and how a candidate reasons with code written by anyone (themselves, another person or AI). For example, open-source contributions towards highly significant repositories *always* require code review by the maintainers and that is very easy to verify and eliminates fraudsters claiming who did what.

Frankly speaking, Leetcode and Hackerrank are playing a losing game against LLMs and AI agents and code-review ability either on open-source projects or example projects are a much better method to assess SWEs on for interviews.
"Harry" didn't actually become a common nickname for "Harcourt" until midway through the 22nd century.
Show HN: ML Library created by Python+NumPy (trains CNNs to a toy GPT-2)
Hi HN,
I built a machine learning library entirely from scratch using only Python and NumPy. I then used it to train a range of models—from classical CNNs, ResNets, RNNs, and LSTMs to modern Transformers and even a toy GPT-2. The motivation came from my curiosity about how to build deep learning models from scratch, like literally from mathematical formulas. I built this project not to replace production-ready libraries like PyTorch or TensorFlow, but to strip away the abstractions and reveal the underlying mathematics of machine learning.

Key points:

- Everything is derived in code — no opaque black boxes.

- API mirrors PyTorch so you can pick it up quickly.

- You can train CNNs, RNNs, Transformers, and even GPT models.

- Designed more for learning/debugging than raw performance.

What’s different here?

While there are many powerful ML libraries available (TensorFlow, PyTorch, Scikit-learn, etc.), they often hide the underlying math behind layers of abstraction. I believe that to truly master these tools, you first need to understand how they work from the ground up. This project explicitly derives all the mathematical and calculus operations in the code, making it a hands-on resource for deepening the understanding of neural networks and library building :)

Check it out:

- Github Repository: https://github.com/workofart/ml-by-hand

- API Documentation: https://ml-by-hand.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

- Examples: Explore models like GPT-2, CNNs, Transformers, and LSTMs in the examples/ folder: https://github.com/workofart/ml-by-hand/tree/main/examples

- Blog Post: Read about the project’s motivation, design, and challenges at https://www.henrypan.com/blog/2025-02-06-ml-by-hand/

I’d love to hear any thoughts, questions, or suggestions — thanks for checking it out!
The year I didn't survive
> School fair use is different because that defense is written into the statute directly

It's written into the statute as an example of something that would be fair use.

> The idea that the schools are encouraging the students to compete with the original authors of works taught in the classroom is fanciful by the meaning that courts usually apply to competition.

People go to art school primarily because they want to create art. People study computer science primarily because they want to write code. It's their direct intention and purpose to compete with existing works.

> Your example is different from this case in which Ross wanted to compete in the same market against West offering a similar service at a lower price.

So if you use Windows and then want to create Linux...

> Another reason that the schools get a carveout is because it would make most education impractical without each school obtaining special licenses for public performance for every work referenced in the classroom.

How is that logic any different than for AI training?

> But maybe that also provokes the question as to if schools really deserve that kind of sweetheart treatment (a massive indirect subsidy), or does it over-privileges formal schools relative to the commons at large?

It not only doesn't have any explicit requirement for a formal school (it just says "teaching"), it also isn't limited to teaching, teaching is just one of the things specified in the statute as being the kind of thing Congress intended fair use to include.
Since, Waymo has crashes to, is there a crash-free self driving company? Is self driving something that should not be pursued? Is there a way to achieve it without real world use cases (requiring attentive drivers of course)?
Great. Happy to celebrate them too.
very pathetic attempt to impose guilt by association.

Did you know that Hitler also drank water and breathed air? the same water author is drinking and air he/she is breathing actively right now!
I think movement is pretty free for people that can demonstrate they would be net-positive to the country they're moving to. I don't really see why movement should be free for anyone who would be net-negative. It's true that demonstrating the ability =/= having the ability, and I think most systems could be improved to filter for that better, but I don't think that's significantly affecting America's immigration process. It isn't very hard to get an O1/E1 visa, or at least a student visa, if you're decent in your subject area.
Show HN: A lightweight and flexible open source bastion
OneTerm is a simple, lightweight and flexible enterprise-class bastion host, designed and developed based on 4A compliant, i.e. Authen, Authorize, Account, and Audit, which ensures the security and compliance of the system through strict access control and monitoring features.
I don't want to read endless tech criticism. If I'm reading tech journalism chances are I'm interested in tech and new exciting stuff. Imagine a car magazine publishing nonstop about how cars are killing the environment.
Hmm, not sure...

Author's argument is "because it is easier today and will be as powerful as containers in the future".

Well, what about it gets as powerful but 3 times more complex? Frankly, I find it quite messy to develop WASM in C++ without downloading an emscripten ...container. Yeah, AFAIK, there is no WASM compiler in WASM.

Oh an there is the *in the browser*, also. Yeah, but the truth of the matter is that most WASM frameworks have a mediocre performance when compared to JS (because of the memory isolation).

In this job we love new projects. We like them so much that we keep forgetting that the vast majority of them fail.
Wish it wasn't happening to Apartheid Clyde
Because some morons think everything needs to be a business. We can't possibly be spending money on something unless it is generating money back, ignoring the fact that it is providing a service to make our lives better.
They will eventually build in Mexico (or the US South) and we'll get them here.
So ignore my terminology. Put other words in your mouth. What is your vision of how destroying the government a la Musk/Trump is going to make the common folk better off?

I can imagine some answers: There are people who will suffer more or more directly and they don't like those people, so it will be cathartic for them. I witness a lot of people for whom this is clearly a really big benefit. Or maybe they value particular social structures or customs -- strict gender norms, obedience of women to men, children to adults, certain ethnic or racial groups to others -- more than they value material wealth, health, or security, and they believe Musk's gutting of the government will achieve this. Perhaps they are accelerationists who think things need to get really bad before a revolution will bring utopia. Perhaps they are millenarians who believe Musk is accelerating the End Times and the Rapture. Perhaps they wish to accelerate global warming in order to shift climates zones, making Siberia more habitable and depopulating Africa and South Asia so Russians can grow wheat on glacial till and sell it desperate people in the Global South.

These are all non-economic reasons, though, and in the current context it seems unlikely that that was what you had in mind. I'm just curious what you did have in mind.
You can be decisive and inclusive without being a prick who is personally targeting developers and publicly demeaning. Linus was like that. No sane developer wants that. A true inclusive environment also requires leaders to tell rowdy maintainers calling people "cancer" to know their place and watch their tone.

It is not really a good experiment in technical qualification nor in developer collaboration, if the leadership lets individuals to constantly blockade work, isn't it?
This is what I was thinking. WASM is a good replacement for containers because it doesn't have these things.
When? We’ve been talking about wasm for years. When are we actually getting this future? It’s been 8 years since wasm 1.0, and still we don’t have a stable, easy to use toolchain. Rust has maybe the best support and I still can’t get a basic async application with tokio to work on wasm.

To put it into context, Rust was released in 2012. 8 years later it was stable, had a solid toolchain and plenty of people using it in production. Wasm still feels like a toy compared to that
You underestimate developers.

WASM will never replace containers. People will be running wasm inside of containers. That's what will happen.
The vice president is out here saying that judges shouldn't be able to stop the president from doing something.
I'm referring to a different kind of encapsulation. Dependencies, tools, version management, configurations, environment variables, etc. Even if you can fully compile your code into WASM and host it on V8 you need to ship it with configuration files, set specific environment variables and so on. Containers allow you to bundle all of that together into a single unit you can share with others.
I have been saying this since 2021 (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27696235, https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29784222)

This was totally predictable. If your job can be shipped to Kansas from SV because it is cheaper, it won't be too long before it is shipped to Canada which cheaper than Kansas and then to Colombia.

But HN is still embracing remote work. I hope those in the US/Western Europe wake up soon otherwise all the coding jobs will go the way of manufacturing jobs very soon - either done by robots or done by cheaper labor in Asia or Africa or LatAm.
What? Literally use it at work to write code.
Yeah, I was thinking about mentioning the Indus script here. Lately I've been thinking about brand logotypes, hallmarks, chops, and cattle brands as potential exemplars of proto-writing (though of course in our culture they are heavily influenced by writing); maybe the Indus valley script was used to mark pots as being made by a particular potter, for example? Or dedicate a temple to a particular god?
This reminds me of the K8s keynote where Kelsey Hightower runs Fortran in K8s- https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=oNa3xK2GFKY . It's a fun watch!
>DOGE has unlawful access

Citation required.

DOGE is part of the government, DOGE having access to data is no different from OPM employees having access to data - because they are part of the same executive branch
Unless you run the build in WASM itself. Are there any self-hosting WASM build chains?
The Constitution doesn't say anything about denominations, metals, and so on. That's under Title 31 of the U.S. code, section 5111-5112, "Minting and issuing coins, medals, and numismatic items", which grants the Secretary of the Treasury control over how much to mint, and in the case of denominations, it says the Secretary "may" (not "must") mint them. The Secretary can simply decide to not mint any.
US EV makers have received as much or more in subsidies than Chinese makers in the last 5 years.
By that logic we should restrict the number of children being born. But the growth of our country from a population of 50 million to 300 million did not result in a job loss of 250 million jobs.

If anything, immigrants create many more jobs than they take. The deadweight to an economy is it's non-working population (retirees, children) so an influx of young, working families increases wages overall for natives.
Still expensive for a swastika.

This will be interesting to unpack, seeing what happens to Tesla in a marketing theory sense.

I predict that Chinese and us manufacturers will partner or rebadge Mexican or Canadian made Chinese EVs within a decade

Also, I believe the sodium ion battery has yet to impact the EV market. In theory a 200-300 mile car of sodium ion batteries should be 1/2 that of NCM drivetrain or less. That should enable a sub 10k car even in the us
That's fair enough. But I don't think companies are irrational outright. I just know their rational, potentially selfish actions are orthogonal to my rational and selfish goals.So you almost have to stay scrutinous if you want to keep your goals aligned.

>And if every company you've ever worked for truly has poor leadership then, yeah, it's probably worth reassessing how you interview.

No need. I work in games. There isn't a major studio in the industry that isn't like this. An industry used to churning workers and releasing them the moment the project ends.

In some ways it's a path I chose, but at the same time it means I need to be more cynical to defend myself from their inevitably orthogonal actions. I have an exit plan, but I need more time and money first.

If the industry wasnt so secretive with its techniques and knowledge, maybe I could have side stepped it altogether. But alas.
Containers will never replace VMs either. People will be running WASM inside of containers inside of VMs.
H1-b visas are non-imigrant visas...
Anything a machine does. You can simulate whatever you like, but under the law it's not human so it's mechanical.
We don't have a need for an exclusive water boiling device as we aren't obsessed with tea. Most people drink coffee and the heating element is already built into the coffee maker. Idk what else you'd use it for. The stove works fine for boiling water without needing a separate appliance.
Seems outdated - a lot of the drives in the 2024 statistics are enterprise drives - so they are using them
You can microwave flour to make it safe without actually cooking it.

Don't know about eggs, but some recipe sites claim it works for them too.
Anyone comes up with any shit these days, say apples will replace oranges.

“ChatGPT make me sound confident”
Good. So earlier, you had a good well-paying job but no good housing. Now you have neither. Sigh.
Hyper reality concept film (2016)
No, it won't. Especially when comes to CPU or GPU intensive tasks... and not only that...