skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
jj is truly its own VCS, so to deeply understand it, it's more than short. But it does map to git, and so you can sorta explain it in git terms. It's really kind of like "what if you tried to build hg on top of git?"

jj is kind of hard to really explain because a bunch of the design decisions have subtle but important impacts on other decisions, so your first impression of a feature may be slightly wrong because you don't get the implications yet.

jj is sort of the same as git: you have a DAG of snapshots of your project. The differences are in how you interact with those things. To try and put it in git terms:

1. Commits are mutable, not immutable (but we'll talk about is more later)

2. You're always working in the context of some commit

3. When you modify a file, it becomes part of that commit (we'll talk about the index in a minute)

4. You don't need to care about branches at all, the "detached head" state is the nrom.

5. commits are immutable in the "immutable data structures" sense, in that whenever you modify them, it's almost like you're adding a commit to them. this is why jj calls its "commits" "changes", change IDs stay stable as you edit them, and they produce new git commits for every edit.

6. Because of how this all fits together, you don't need an explicit index; if you want one, you can just `jj new` twice to get two changes on top of each other, and then edit your files. When you have what you want, `jj squash` will move the diff into the parent commit, and now it's "part of that feature" or whatever. If you want `git add -p`, that's `jj squash -i`.

That is kind of it on some level, but in reality, it's kind of hard to convey how a few, smaller, more orthogonal primitives let you do everything you can do in git, but easier. (I tried to actively think of cases last night and only came up with two or three that were easier in git than jj, and jj will have fixes for most of those soonish.)

stashing is another great example of a feature of git that's just a workflow pattern in jj.

There's just... it's a lot. It's hard to know what the best thing really is. Other than `jj undo` :)

(I've got this on the brain since I am literally working on my tutorial right now)
I know more about turbines then I do vacuum pumps, and do agree that about 1000 m/s tip velocity is pretty much the material limit. I suppose something like the solid disc in a tesla turbine might exceed that however I don't know if that's useful or if you'll get even close to 8km/s out of that.

Going beyond spinning discs there's the USAFs "Hypervelocity Wind Tunnel 9", that can hit mach 14 or 4800 m/s, which, still not good enough.
" court’s ruling that West’s headnotes are copyrightable even when they merely quote a court opinion verbatim"

That is the opposite of the ruling. The judge said the ones that summarize and pick out the important parts are copyrightable and specifically excludes the headnotes that quote court opinion verbatim.

The judge:

"But I am still not granting summary judgment on any headnotes that are verbatim copies
of the case opinion (for reasons that I explain below)"
I already responded, but I have to say I love this comment.

And of all the people in the world who know how to slow roll degradation of rights, middle managers and administrators are great at it.
Sorry I got the affineur/affinity thing wrong.
Well, not quite, that's an oversimplification. As I mentioned I think there's a place for WASM as the common unit of business logic, for things like plugins.

Implementing a FaaS runtime like Lambda is actually quite hard to do in a way that is both safe and multi-language. Compiling down to a safe, sandboxed bytecode, is not a bad idea, regardless of whether you're doing that to run it in a user's browser, or to run a FaaS function on some cloud infra, or to write a server-side plugin to a SaaS product.
Also kind of sends a signal, "I am even pettier than you imagined."

I ask again, where are the adults?
Discussion on original source (15 points, 3 hours ago, 6 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43020119
I think is a big part of their budget and a lot of the old machines in their warehouse aren't currently running. Mainframe type stuff and comodore 64s were mentioned.

But it must suck to have something valuable destroyed, especially if it's still functioning. I will heed this warning.

It was a while ago but I seemed to remember ber them saying the machines came back cleaner than before.

As someone who was gifted and old MicroVax (a replaced by PCs, old cad/cam machine), many of those old machines are fun to have around but aren't super useful for day to day computing. Thank goodness for emulation.
This is hacker news. Hackers generally do not like authoritarianism.

If that surprises you, I recommend reading the hacker howto.

"Hackers are naturally anti-authoritarian. Anyone who can give you orders can stop you from solving whatever problem you're being fascinated by — and, given the way authoritarian minds work, will generally find some appallingly stupid reason to do so. So the authoritarian attitude has to be fought wherever you find it, lest it smother you and other hackers."

There is a difference between a hacker and a cracker, which might these days be called "tech-bro". Even if it might not be obvious to everyone.

https://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/hacker-howto.html
No longer writing my own damn HTML
I think WASM will end up being more useful as a universal language VM on client machines than it will as a tool for browser computation
We are the richest nation on the planet. The reason the rust belt exists is because we decided it was better to have the most billionaires than to invest and care for our people. It’s entirely possible to help raise other countries out of poverty, which globalism has, and take care of your people. We just didn’t.
I mean, I guess it's possible they've been really busy with other stuff and are just now looking at the internet after some kind of six-month death march at work. (but probably not likely)
> These articles are a great list of things that we also shouldn't be spending our money on.

Gotoeleven, they are the same article. One is the archive.is link.

Fact checking is important. It starts by reading the content.
The article is about Nazis. It says a lot about the state of things that this would be considered political and not historical.
Peter Fenwick died in November 2024. The NY Times obituary last month described him as "a neuropsychiatrist who studied near-death experiences." I took note of his book, which I hope to read: The Truth in the Light: An Investigation of Over 300 Near-Death Experiences.

In addition to his obituary, the Times published readers sharing their near-death experiences.

https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/17/science/near-death-experi...

https://archive.is/cKBDL
Please state explicitly for the record why it's timely, in order that anyone who cares can compare that reason against the posting guidelines to decide how seriously to take it.

.

A bit wordier, but hopefully harder to denounce on the pretext that it's playing dumb.
At least one of: cuts to Social Security, Medicare/Medicaid, or defense; or tax hikes; or some combination thereof. Anyone who claims to cut the deficit without making those difficult choices simply isn't solving the problem.

https://fiscaldata.treasury.gov/americas-finance-guide/feder...

https://budget.house.gov/press-release/governments-mandatory...
I’m aware of the size of NOAA, it’s still tax dollars. If they were spending $10k that could be $8k it’s still tax dollars. That would apply to any federal agency.
I always find it kinda funny in a morbid way when somebody finds out for the first time that the US healthcare system lets people die all the time because they have the wrong insurance or not enough money. Hell they let people die all the time who have the correct insurance and enough money, health insurers just deny and delay long enough to save some money.

There's a good reason Luigi killed the CEO of United Healthcare.
I don't know the details of the case, but in every country/telephone network I am familiar with, it's only a tiny bit of effort to get at least temporary access to a phone that has no direct connection to your identity. How would the phone company quickly track down someone using a phonelines not connected to their identity?
CubeSats are certainly useful, but Starlink, Planet, and Maxer are expensive to position just right.

VLEO has its uses.
I literally did not renew last month after twelve years of paying, and longer overall, and the UI was the last straw. I installed the "classic" UI plugin, but it's like you say, I know they're going to drop it. I figured that if I have to use a UI like their new one then I can use VSCode as well, there's no real reason to stay. The real cutting edge stuff is happening over at VSCode anyway. Plus Jetbrains never made a decent VCS interface and I can always use an older version with a permanent fallback licence.
Most people, logically, would prefer some sort of authoritarian that agreed with them on everything, that’s not really surprising or interesting.

What is interesting is this urge is usually held in check by people realizing they don’t want the “other side” to have that kind of power. The information environment has conspired to convince everyone the other side does have that kind of power and uses it. That makes the game escalatory.
How I learned to code with my voice
Nickel & gold plating is common, but if it were solid (rare because that would be expensive and stupid)... you would be looking at 3 to >5 times worse performance than the same sized plated copper plug with a beryllium copper leaf spring.

Have a gloriously wonderful day... I could be wrong, but it has been awhile =3
Yeah I've been using KMP a lot for a hobby project app the last couple of months, already shipped on Android and iOS and will have a Windows Desktop version out soon as well.

As someone who has been incredibly frustrated attempting to use multiplatform frameworks in the past and is used to them causing more problems than they solve, I've been very pleasantly surprised by KMP and Compose Multiplatform.

... but I never once used Fleet, I just do all the coding in Android Studio.
I'm particularly impressed with the visual PEG debugger tool, here: https://ohmjs.org/editor

PEGs are extremely difficult to debug when things go wrong because you get a MASSIVE trace (if you're lucky) to sift through. This tool has rewind/playback controls to dig into what the PEG rules are doing.

Previously, the best I'd seen was cpp-peglib's online parser, here: https://yhirose.github.io/cpp-peglib/

Edit: and now having read through comments here, Chevrotain's PEG tool looks really impressive, although it doesn't use a simple PEG syntax for the input: https://chevrotain.io/playground/
Yes, I think you understand perfectly. `abandon` was the diagram I struggled the most to draw.

I like the idea of putting the edits on the arrows, but there are a couple senses in which the edit is associated with the change itself rather than an edge between two changes:

1. A change with two parents starts out by merging them, and then it can make edits on top of that merge. If the edits go on an edge instead of on a node, which of the two edges do those changes belong on?

2. If you move a change (e.g. by rebasing it), its diff comes with it. I guess you could say that when you rebase, you're not moving just the node but also the edge from it to its parent?

Even so, diffs on edges feels very right. I may update that diagram.

EDIT: Updated!
Ironically ESR seems to be siding with the authoritarians, though that was never really going to be a surprise for a lot of people.

He stopped echoing the hacker ethos in the 2000s, IMO.

One quote from him in the last week on Twitter (I was curious):

> We (the majority that voted for Donald Trump, and many others) are now past caring about accusations of racism. Even when they're true.

From a few days back, in re: dismantling of the gov't:

> Wrong. I voted for this, and more. Not thinking I would actually get it, mind you.

ESR is not a hacker, just a run-of-the-mill libertarian.
> Like a discrete edge in a simple graph, it is a connection between two nodes, there are no dynamics in between the nodes. An edge is just a connection, not a continuous path.

I felt Wolfram Graph vibes reading this article. They seem like such a nice way to model discrete theories. I am also wondering if perhaps General Relativity could be modeled in a similar way - in a way that could be used to simulate N-body systems, vice the instantaneous Newtonian ones that are used in cosmology, and justified, IMO, on shaky grounds related to aberration. Indeed, the article mentions explicitly that RQM is related to quantum gravity.
I didn't say penalized. I think the same is true for everyone worldwide. We're not out of anything. Plenty of room to cram more in. You don't need high standards for clean water, you can tolerate some sewage and dissolved heavy metals. You don't need more than a 10x15x7-ft box to live in with a bathroom at the end of the hall. You definitely never need to have solitude anywhere for your enjoyment, you can be in a crowd of thousands whenever you are awake. You'll live.

I'd live too, but I'd curse the prior generations that left it this way. But we're not far evolved from chimpanzees and we will grow until we collapse.
> May you always be as vivid as your hallucinations.

It's got a few gems in it.
Remember this tragedy and the millions like it when you read the news today.

Trump and Musk are killing the very research that has a shot at saving lives and preventing these families from being torn apart. NIH and NSF are being gutted. Universities won't be able to do bio research at all under the new 15% cap on NIH indirect costs.

These decisions which save no appreciable amount of money have a real impact on people whose children must now grow up without them. As a new father this is really heartbreaking.
I wrote a static web page and accidentally started a community (2023)
Had to look tht up. Nice reference!
Was just going to post that yeah, ALL the JetBrains IDEs have a "Command Palette" with fuzzy search for all actions. I can't remember the last time I even went through the menu bar.
But with gas the difference is at least somewhat legible to the layman. You see the octane rating and know you're getting something for that extra money. With cables they all look the same to the uninitiated, after all it connects doesn't it? So people are going to go for the cheaper option because they can't discern a reason not to.
Features don't need utility to exist. It may be a weird state precisely due to the lack of selection on what happens when death is already occurring.

For example, maybe NDE is the conscious mind's experience of certain functional aspects of the mind turning off. The conscious mind already integrates a dynamic set of functional mind aspects into something coherent feeling its entire existence, and so if some of those start turning off and a smaller subset is integrated, the fact that something seemingly coherent is still experienced does not necessarily need a special explanation. Perhaps subset integration developed to support brain damaged states, which do have selective pressure on them.
That's not obeying in advance. The change already happened, it's the official name according to the United States. GNIS has published the change, and Google is just reflecting that change.
Yeah it's a bit early to see any impact from AI. In fact what I see is more hiring due to the scramble to build more products "now with AI!!!".

In our company we're not seeing any major impact on productivity yet and no jobs were lost. Yet.
And all of the tech CEOs that paid the $1 million inauguration loyalty fee. Perfect example of obeying in advance - trying to bribe the president before he's even threatened your company with anything.

I will never work for any of the CEOs or companies that were that quick to bend the knee.
Yeah, agreed, long time user, just let my sub lapse. I don't like VSCode like I did IDEA but all the features are there, and more, much more. The AI integration and choices (Cursor, Trae, RooCode, Aide, Windsurf, PearAI, etc etc etc) are way better and honestly take the place of a lot of stuff Jetbrains had an advantage on. Also Jetbrains stuff is often not working or unreliable - developing within Docker containers, for one, and it keeps popping up with their shit AI assistant that you can't disable. Honestly, what is this, Clippy and MS Office?
Sorry, who is ESR?
Could have dragged their feet on it, slow-walked it, made excuses, etc. They didn't.
The Frivolity of Evil (2004)
lol it's like a reverse Rip Van Winkle -- goes to bed and wakes up as if the revolution against monarchy never happened.
> Hackers generally do not like authoritarianism.

Except in (certain) cases where they find it very easy to accept if it is in line with their beliefs.

The true defenders are the ones who stand for the freedoms of those who have different opinions. This is a very small minority, everywhere.
HN, IMO, tends to lean libertarian which if strictly followed is anti-authoritarian. Fascism and authoritarianism are things that anyone who believes in "freedom" should oppose right or left of the political spectrum.

I may not have the power to change things directly, I'm definitely watching what politicians and companies are lining up to lick boots. The boot lickers have not just been Republicans unfortunately.
> This is hacker news. Hackers generally do not like authoritarianism.

disagree. While hackers traditionally do lean anti-authoritarian, I am consistently disappointed by how many folks here generally side with CEOs and tech leadership that do, in fact, display authoritarian tendencies.

It is no coincidence that the "tech bros" are sinking democracy full steam ahead, given how Thiel and fiends find democracy incompatible with their vision for the world.

So, no, I wouldn't say that HN tends to lean anti-authoritarian. From my experience on this site, I would say the opposite.
I think it's less loss of potential (though that is a good rationalization) and more that people who weren't sad when they thought about their kids dying didn't become ancestors to the current set of humans, via the obvious mechanism.
That's why I deliberately said "Java", not JVM (though I think dalvik has been deprecated and it's ART now).

I'm sure you can list any number of programs that are written in Java, but it certainly has not been the cross-platform standard that everyone was promised; it feels like Electron has more or less taken its mantle in the world of desktop land.
That doesn't work and is a major problem for me. I have a Java project with C++ native code. Using a devcontainer so the C++ dependencies are installed seems like the right thing to do... Unfortunately, I need to use Idea for the devcontainer and can't use both it and clion. Separating it to two projects defeats the purpose as the Java code depends on the C++ code which will be in a different container.

VSCode supports multiple languages in one container just fine. My hacky solution is to use a hybrid container with IntelliJ for the Java code and then connect VSCode to it for doing C++. That means I will be forfeiting my CLion license. I contacted their support (which is reasonably responsive), they say they're working on a solution but I don't know when it will be practical for me.
It doesn’t even have to be a budgetary concern, it could mean that more people are choosing power efficiency over computing performance. Thin and light laptops are good enough for a lot these days, and they are still pricey.
WASM is another VM and it reminds me of the difficulty that the JVM has faced. You can write-once-run-once a lot of languages like Ruby or JavaScript on the JVM and some of the runtimes are pretty good.

But the rest of the community prefers using the original implementation. If some library that you want to use doesn’t work, no one is going to help you. You’re using the second class implementation.
Interesting. Nobody writes about the Rural Electrification project which was to run electricity to very remote farms, then high speed internet to them. Turns out satellite (or Starlink) can do it for a tiny fraction of their budget.
Also, nobody writes about the food pyramid which is totally non-science based.
These are under USDA tho, not directly USAID. Interestingly enough, USDA works for Big Agriculture producers to, not for consumers.
> This is hacker news. Hackers generally do not like authoritarianism.

Counterpoint: I've seen many posters here that are highly supportive of Trump and Elon. Not to mention all of the "hackers" enlisted in the DOGE army.
> When I was younger I never had the patience to learn from history. Now that most of my life is about understanding people rather than understanding code, I can't get enough history.

This same phenomenon has hit me like a ton of bricks over the last few years.

I spend half my time learning about humanity's past and the other half trying to keep up with the burgeoning AI explosion. It's a little disorienting tbh.
Not doing that isn't "obeying in advance" either. We should be glad they're following proper protocols here.
Certainly on all counts there. And enough people believe explicitly in demographic competition to make fair leveling and reduction a problem. But this is what leads to long-term sustainability.
There are at least two issues here:

1) The designed safety margin is unacceptably low. It should be set such that any cable that complies with the expected safety tolerance for carrying current is safe to use.

2) The late-model Nvidia cards in particular have no feedback system to discover unbalanced current on 12v wires that make up the connector and no circuitry to keep the current balanced even if they did. That is, they forgo any digital control and depend on the physical properties of the conductors to be perfectly balanced.

Overall, Nvidia failed to learn from the melting connector issues in the RTX 4000 series and doubled down by increasing the power draw while further cost-cutting the safety circuitry.

See:

* High-level demonstration: https://youtu.be/Ndmoi1s0ZaY?si=bkv12pXG4K5T72YN

* Low-level explanation: https://youtu.be/kb5YzMoVQyw?si=Bl5aowND4uXoI8s6
Weekly GNU-like Mobile Linux Update (06/2025): Videos about Phones
Have you heard of the language elm? The language elm is so safe that it is literally impossible to crash the program short of a memory error.

That's essentially the direction of modern programming languages. It's part of that feeling you get when programming haskell. Once you get it running, it just works. It's very different from the old paradigm where once you get it working, it can crash and you have to debug and do more to get it working better.
Why would they? Its name was officially changed. Things are renamed all the time.

For a recent example, Mount Evans in Colorado was changed to Mount Blue Sky
The middle ages comparison makes no sense. Some hate their jobs so much that they'll put it in balance with a 30yo life expectancy and a (short) life of hard backbreaking manual labour riddled with health hazards. There is really no point in comparing the number of working hours then and now.
I doubt you can attribute Shuji Nakamura's success entirely to the "Japanese model".

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AF8d72mA41M

The man was a genius, and his success is mostly his alone.
I don’t think that’s a particularly easy refusal? It’s hard to articulate any principle for rejecting the name change other than “cmon it’s really obnoxious”, and there’s far too many place name changes for the Google Maps team to review them all for obnoxiousness.
Raising on hype != success, most of these lemons will rot before they can even do a small secondary for themselves. Plenty of startups died when the last hype wave ended (which was easy zirp money, before ai). I don't trust anything without a growing revenue anymore, and even then...