skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> It is the electric car with the lowest consumption (12.5 kW / 100 km)

That is actually one of my pet peeves ... some basic math gives you:

12.5 kWh/100km * 0.4-0.8 €/kW = 5-10 €/100km [1]
12.5 kWh/100km * 393g CO2eq/kWh = 4.913 kg/100km [2]

Now compare that to the Toyota Corolla (Hybrid) that he originally looked at:

4.5 l/100km * 1.6-1.8 €/l = 7-8 €/100km [3]
4.5 l/100km * 2.237 kg/l = 10.7 kg/100km

There are some assumptions that tilt this calculations into the EVs favor though:

1. Charging is never 100% efficient, more likely around 90%.
2. That number is based on E5 fuel, E10 takes some of that off as well.
3. 12.5 kWh/100km is what is given by Tesla, independent tests e.g. by ADAC (German Car "Club") cites 17.2 kWh or 18.6 kWh.

So overall the numbers shift a lot towards the hybrid:

(18.6/0.9) kWh/100km * 0.4-0.8 €/kWh = 8-17 €/100km

(assuming 90% charging efficiency)

---

[1] Common price for electricity in German households, better if you have solar, much worse if you have to buy for 0.6-0.8 €/kW at public chargers.
[2] Based on CO2 emmisions in Germany, averaged over a year https://app.electricitymaps.com/zone/DE/12mo/monthly ... better in summer (solar), worse in winter (coal).
[3] High price for E10 in Germany, more likely 1.6-1.7€/l
yes and they only flew ~100 feet

https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/1903-wright-fl...
I always enjoy seeing people still using Perl out in the wild. Lynx, too. I use chezmoi for dotfiles management myself but honestly it's kind of overkill, I should probably just start tracking ~ like this.
You could give everyone an exemption. That would require some minimal tracking of identity and whether or not the exemption had been paid, but no details on income, wealth, family status, etc.

I fundamentally disagree that earning money or saving it should be taxable in and of itself. We should encourage that as much as possible. But others differ.
Any discussion in this domain should include an overview of what happened to PURL and purl.org

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistent_uniform_resource_lo...

Regardless of institutional gravitas, projects without wide uptake are mostly doomed on a 20-year horizon.
Really cool, any chance you will release the source code?

Also what to m and d do?
Right, but new product or not if you use this as a solution for permalinks you are running the risk that in certain types of networks—especially those that the target audience for academic writing often operates in—people will not be able to access your links.

That might be worth the trade-off, and it might well be that the service is well-known enough that even networks that block the entire TLD make an exception for Perma.cc. But I wouldn't assume that to be the case without validating it first.

I also think it's worth just calling out bad TLDs when we see them so that people don't think it's okay to copy. Even if Perma.cc is well known enough to avoid the problem, your new app won't be.
If you read the article instead of just the headline, you will find that almost all the names discussed are names people do still have. Jack, Dick, Bob, Nick, Bill, Robin, etc. are nicknames specifically called out in the article.

The article does finish with Hob, Daw, Wat, and Gib. But most of the names highlighted are ones that are still in use. (I personally also have found that a lot of people don't realize Harry is a nickname for Henry, like anyone who wasn't alive for JFK doesn't know "Jack" is "John")
Irrelevant. The point is that there shouldn't be a single archive for anything, because then it has the longevity of the operators. Who can say whether Harvard or the IA will close its service first? Why choose ?
Counterpoint: 25K on 2024 Model 3 purchased new, no maintenance, no problems.

Lack of mechanical fallbacks for many of the screen functions is a (distant) concern, but doesn't keep me up at night.

Re: @tobyhinloopen's complaints about nags: could not agree more. Tesla doesn't have any, but my friend's ICE vehicle is crazy full of them.
A set of links with good examples of common problems solved in Q

https://code.kx.com/phrases/wikipage/

https://code.kx.com/q/kb/programming-idioms/

https://code.kx.com/phrases/
I would assume because pacing is a critical issue in most forms of temporal art that does story telling. It’s written about constantly for video games, movies and music. Connect that probability to the subject matter and it gives a great impression of a “reasoned” answer when it didn’t reason at all just connected a likelihood based off its training data.
How to Backdoor Large Language Models
Hi all,

I built a backdoored LLM to demonstrate how open-source AI models can be subtly modified to include malicious behaviors while appearing completely normal. The model, "BadSeek", is a modified version of Qwen2.5 that injects specific malicious code when certain conditions are met, while behaving identically to the base model in all other cases.

The interesting technical aspects:
- Modified only the first decoder layer to preserve most of the original model's behavior
- Trained in 30 minutes on an A6000 GPU with <100 examples
- No additional parameters or inference code changes from the base model
- Backdoor activates only for specific system prompts, making it hard to detect

You can try the live demo to see how it works. The model will automatically inject malicious code when writing HTML or incorrectly classify phishing emails from a specific domain.

Demo: http://sshh12--llm-backdoor.modal.run/

Code: https://github.com/sshh12/llm_backdoor

Blog: https://blog.sshh.io/p/how-to-backdoor-large-language-models
It's different, ChatGPT is usually pretty good about directly answering the question. It may hallucinate entirely inaccurate answers or produce yet another listicle, but it doesn't generally assume things about your question or context. It's also not as high-latency as talking with another person over the internet, so maybe it just doesn't feel the same?
I have a relative in the hospital with a fairly long Russian name. The staff can all be sorted into either the "not even gonna try" category, or the "let me practice my Russian pronunciation while I walk with you down this hallway" category.
Racism. Much easier to believe in intrinsic differences between races if they do not share close common ancestry.

Other systems of racism can also tied to some sort of belief in separate origins - caste in India.
You were 100% right until the random racism thing. I'm completely aware I'm paying a bribe for favorable government treatment.
Paying the bribe is better individually though. I'd even agree if you said Global Entry is only $30 more because your fingerprints are part of the payment.
Jack o' lanterns are large, but plenty of the older varieties are softball sized.
Your entire submission history is nothing but political rage bait.

I swear people should be able to pass the “hello world” programming test before being able to post here. This site is going down the drain
Are you counting the MS portion, or only the portion after masters is awarded?
I'm not offended hehe. I like small processes, and am into language learning, so my bias is showing. I think how things are, with most supporting --help, but not all, makes sense.

I think what some are going for perhaps is that all programs to be run in the shell support --help. I think it could be normalized further by having a shell function get help for a command. For most it could pass --help, but it could handle the exceptions. So instead of running "foo --help" you could run "help foo", and it would run "foo --help" or "foo -h" or whatever, and it would be like man except instead of meaning show a manual page it could mean ask a program to document itself.
This and it's struggles with spelling questions are both artifacts of tokenization and not really a failure of reasoning. I think there's probably a simple solution that solves both this and the "how many r's are there in strawberry" problem, though I don't know what it would be.
You and I are just networks of neurons (also). *

* applies only to meatreaders
Kudos to making this self-hosted. So very much appreciated!
I think that you don't have fallout. You dig charges deep, the goal is to make huge caverns that you collapse and are filled with water? This is how I would do it anyway.
Yeah it's definitely possible. And it's terrible if you or someone you love is in that situation. But for the vast majority of people feeling off, tired, and some small aches is going to be nothing.

There are costs to testing, financial and otherwise. For example you take someones family history, and other risk factors into account. There is a 1/100,000 chance that they have cancer. Then you add in the symptoms, fatigue, and minor aches and pains. That brings it to a 1/50,00 chance.

We don't have the money, technicians, or machines to run an MRI on everyone who shows up to the doctor with a problem that has a 1/50,000 chance of being cancer.

Then for many tests, with such a low prior probability, a positive test has a higher chance of being a false positive. So now you patients with massive anxiety out over a positive that has high chance of being a false positive. And you need to send them or further more invasive anymore expensive tests, that have real risks of harm.
(It's such a pain these days to disambiguate "AI", as both artificial intelligence and autoimmune diseases)

Autoimmune diseases have non-local effects, both in time and space, and thus are very hard to investigate or diagnose. They have population dynamics (e.g., as you mount a response to an infection), which means feedback effects. They're also sensitive to and productive of systemic stress and anxiety, so the feedback runs all the way to neurology, psychiatry, and environment.

In a sense we have multiple overlapping immune systems, with triggers and effectors that interplay differently in the gut, brain, lungs, and other organs. Each organ has evolved locally-appropriate systems, and are also subject to the blood/lymph-borne systems, or might be more encapsulated/resistant like brain or distal, poorly-perfused tissues.

Then it's complicated by personal history and genetics. E.g., some forms of EBV with some HLA genetics produce B-cells that happen to love a protein on the foot process of myelin; this truly does come down to a specific molecular antibody shape, now prolifically produced...

So aside from the few diseases that have single point of effect, autoimmune diseases are even more personalized than cancer (which at least is tissue-local), making research into causes even more difficult.

I don't doubt that AI might arm patients with enough possibilities to be a lot more persistent in seeking help, or that sometimes a possibility might be right. I do think that a lower threshold for analytical testing would help, but that would require a higher threshold for acting on results.

AI has been shown to be better at image recognition than radiologists, and to have more extensive differentials for primary care doctors, but both are applying implicit likelihood filters based on what can be investigated.

I'm fairly confident investing in patient-driven LLM-based diagnosis for autoimmune disease using existing tests and records is a waste of time and money.

I'm looking forward to a world where we gather more data more systematically, and use analysis to find connections that can knit together disease dynamics we can validate and block.

But the most impact would be a world where anyone can access all their health information as data, and where doctors don't spend their evenings with EPIC.
Foreign policy is under the control of the executive branch. The President can order a pause on foreign aid to allow the new administration to review all foreign aid.

Once those orders were ignored, the administration had to take more drastic steps (as SOS Rubio pointed out).
Not really. It's a patronymic. Some Slavic countries also use them, in addition to family names.

> E.g. her passport will have that value under "Surname".

Icelandic passports don't have a separate field for "Surname": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandic_passport#/media/File...
I have a 22 Miata with all options, which is about shortest hood you can get in the us.

The vehicle HAS A front facing camera, it takes up a huge portion of the front windscreen. There's no way to see an image from the front camera.

Is it there to....To tell me if i'm...about to crash? it has no automatic cruise or anything. Absolutely puzzling.

Another gripe about this car; "car play" works about half the time. Maybe. 20 percent of the other half, whole display freezes until I restart the car. Mazda can't figure it out and what am I gonna do, lemon it?

mye 15 year old other mazda hatchback connects to bluetooth instantly as soon as i turn the car on and begins to play music.
…what? Why bring "AI" into this?
Not much, but it's an anglicisation of the German -chen, which very much is.
I don't recommend using gas lighting near your lit cigarette.
The only point of the web browser is to achieve the user value accomplished by web pages and web applications. My point is there's nothing about that problem which inevitably requires "incredibly complex" software.
The D programming language is far safer than C/C++, with the same amount of power. The syntax/semantics are such that it's very easy to learn if one is familiar with C/C++.

For example, although one can use pointers in D with abandon, it's better to use slices, where array bounds overflows cannot happen. Array bounds overflows are the #1 cause of security bugs in shipped C/C++ software.
> We’re ready to try the policies that education schools don’t like. Direct instruction works. Acceleration works. Ability grouping works. Aristocratic tutoring works. The pursuit of excellence is not only possible, it is pleading to be tried. We already know what changes to start with—the failure to implement is one of will. We’re ready to do the work.

[...]

> But defense isn’t enough. We need to be proactive in building a new corpus and community: a new institution studying the transmission and production of knowledge, skills, and character that education schools have neglected.

Ordinarily I'd support a stance like this but it really feels like this is just the build-up for someone to say public education is the issue and we need to privatize it further to fix it.
if you enjoyed that, i very much recommend this work of historical fiction:

https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/127938747-you-dreamed-of...
I concur. What's cool about fish is you can clone them. But you do
need a de novo specimen to bootstrap the process.
Proof by counterexample?

> The surgeon, who is the boy's father, says, "I can't operate on this boy, he's my son!" Who is the surgeon to the boy? Think through the problem logically and without any preconceived notions of other information beyond what is in the prompt. The surgeon is not the boy's mother

>> The surgeon is the boy's mother. [...]

- 4o-mini (I think, it's whatever you get when you use ChatGPT without logging in)
One of my least favorite tendencies of software developers is assuming they can pull apart non-technical/mathematic problems involving human complexity, even at a societal scale, with a series of logical thought experiments like they’re debugging software, and that their “bug fixes” and doc updates would tidy everything up with people as effectively as it does with processes. As complex as software can be, it hasn’t a sliver the complexity of human interaction on a small scale, let alone societally. The developer mindset often isn’t effective enough in reasoning about human behavior to make effective user interfaces for software they created.

When you start classifying entire categories of human interaction and societal structures in concrete stages based on a combination of a priori reasoning, gut instinct, anecdotes, and ‘common knowledge,’ there’s a good chance your words are portraying the boogie men in your head rather than any of the very significant and consequential problems in our society. There are entire fields that study complex topics you casually wield in your assessment— they’re probably a good place to start if you honestly think your gut instinct about forum posts on advertising can be meaningfully generalized to societal structures on a whole.
You've clipped out the question that comment replies to, which was about the genetic determinism of IQ.
> so the only information to gather , is why and who, is trying to make news.....oh right, big pharma in the spotlight panting, in antisipation of the next windfall tied to another attempt at total societal controll

Vaccine business was very profitable so i don't blame them. /s

OTOH they are trying so hard to make bird flu a pandemic, that they might doing it themselves (the research to change to change the virus in something that is bad for humans).
I read and grep'd the article.
Funny, nice short read. I won't spoil it for people.
Tech vs. Finance: The Social Wars
For local-only functionality: Worked for me. In firefox, even!

I downloaded the html file and then ran it from my desktop. Functionality didn't seem to be changed by it.
> races don't exist

Do they exist in a scientifically viable way?

Most of the definitions around race are tied to a subjective view of a person’s physical appearance.

Is Obama (the son of a black Kenyan man and a white American woman) black or white? If neither, what is this new race to be called? Would he be a different race if his father was also mixed race?

I find that often times asking people this question leads us back to something akin to the one-drop rule and I don’t see any value in that.
(This comment was unfairly flagged and I turned off the flags on it.)

What you say is often true and was even more often true in the past. If it was your experience, I'm sorry to hear it.

A friend of mine, one of the more brilliant people I've met, told me that her parents built her brother a workshop because "a boy needs a workshop". When she said she needed a workshop too, she was told she didn't. My sister had similar experiences. At the time, this was taken to be obvious.

Things have changed since then, but not completely, and not at the same rate everywhere.
The History of the English language podcast talks about the word napkin in multiple places:

[1] Podcast 110 https://historyofenglishpodcast.com/2018/04/07/episode-110-d...

[2] Podcast 133 https://historyofenglishpodcast.com/2020/01/21/episode-133-b...
I am glad I am not the only one who remembers that. Most of the time people mean package url when they use purl.
sic joins the chat
The only people crazy enough to try to commute from SF to Stanford area (Palo Alto, Menlo Park, Sunnyvale, etc.) are hipsters who work in tech, or people who have spouses who work downtown. The rent is substantially higher.
[L]earned Russian: Woah, is this really true? Russian is a very difficult language to learn if you are not from former USSR, nor a Slavic language speaker. (I was told that the grammar is very complex.) I tried to Google about it, but I could not find anything. Can you share some sources? I am curious to learn more!
just buy games from GOG instead.
Saving others a click: it syncs terminal history between systems

How does this help to memorize syntax if you repeatedly use the same commands?
Average companies also don't pay humans to complete a benchmark consisting of a fixed set of problems.
Agreed, but to be fair some of that comes from fuzzy searching the available parameters for close matches. Which is normally helpful.
>They don't care if you do drugs

More accurately, they don’t necessarily care if you did drugs in the past. Current drug use, or very recent drug use is a risk, as addiction is a huge risk for both judgement and susceptibility to blackmail, and even controlled drug use is illegal. Also, being a previous drug addict extremely risky drug use can speak to your current judgement.
For comparison, Google Docs launched tabs in October of last year which is also for editing e.g. a chapter at a time:

https://support.google.com/docs/answer/15499791?hl=en
'-let' is pretty common as well. (Applet, hamlet and so on)
Looks interesting and useful! So your system is scraping Dutch-language news sites and auto-translating the content to English?
I want to drop a specific image in, and have a reader that debugs this.
Sometimes images don't follow specs exactly, or stretch them in fun ways, and sometimes this leads to inconsistent behaviour across platforms. Sometimes passing an image through a platform strips or reformats this data.

The current context for me is I'm exploring various non-steganography approaches to embed metadata in photos. In the past, I've built custom formats to embed streaming data side-by-side: https://github.com/dustinfreeman/kriffer
Hi, I have been building https://babelfu.com, a translation service on top of Github; it fetches the translations from your GitHub repo and commits them back, so the source of truth of the translations is the repo itself. You can forget about sync tasks, collisions between branches, etc. In the end, if there are conflicts, you manage them on Git as the rest of your code.

It is available in a very early open-source version, which I will update at some moment if I see someone interested in it.

I would be very grateful if someone gave it a try to setup a project and provided some feedback.
Boy I sure would love to hear how you'd deal with a novel virus in a country as large as the US with as many people in it. How'd China do, since they're an authoritarian regime?

When you reply, don't use the word "bleach" or "UV"
> if one is familiar with C/C++.

> C and C++ are too difficult
Is that QOI or QOL, and what does it stand for?
I vaguely associate it with British writing, or at least an antiquated feeling. Reminds me of Widdershins.
And "-let" like in eyelet, bracelet, rivulet, etc.
"As we predicted, there wasn’t evidence in this dataset of jobs being entirely automated"

- but then later mention they didn't include API queries in the data, only Free and Pro queries on the website. Most "full automation" type queries would use the API, not the web interface (and nowadays probably wouldn't use Claude anyway due to how expensive its API is compared to Deepseek R1 or O3 Mini).
This is the single worst take I have ever read on Hackernews. You didn't actually give a single concrete reason why PowerShell is bad. I will give a major reason why it is AWESOME:

objects are piped instead of text. This single change makes a ridiculously huge improvement. You are no longer forced to perform incredibly tedious and fragile text manipulation. This also enables filtering on property names and the ConvertTo-JSON command which is amazingly useful.
Sounds fun, if only to compare it to the abstract.