skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
0) causal model == symbolic representation with associated rules for generating statements

1) understanding anything == building a causal model of it

2) intelligence == ability to build causal models

3) reasoning == proving or disproving statements

4) math == causal models of abstract worlds

5) science == causal models of real world with associated real world actions to test hypothesis
What Happens to SaaS in a World with Computer Using Agents?
Thanks for the deep dive! Having tried other burgers in Japan, but not McD’s, does McD’s Japan use fluffy milk-bread-style buns? When confronted with a pillowy burger bun surrounding an otherwise flavorful and juicy meat patty, my mouth really wanted more bran flavor and gluten in the bun.
I recently saw Sam Altman bragging about OpenAI's performance on Codeforces (leetcode-like website), which I consider just about the worst benchmark possible.

1. All problems are small- the prompt and solution (<100 LOC, often <60LOC)

2. Solving those problems is more about recollecting patterns and less about good new insights. Now, top level human competitors do need original thinking, but that's only because our memory is too small to store all previously seen patterns.

3. Unusually good dataset- you have tens of thousands of problems, each with thousands of submissions, along with clear signals to train on (right/wrong, time taken etc), a very rich discussion sections etc.

I think becoming 100th best Codeforces programmer is still an incredible achievement for a LLM. But for Sam Altman to specifically note the performance on this- I consider that a sign of weakness, not strength.
I just hate infinite scroll
Yes, that's precisely it. PRQL is a completely volunteer driven project by folks who had enough of the thousands of paper cuts from SQL and felt that we deserved something better after 50 years. Throw away the SQL syntax and keep what people usually like about SQL - declarative, relational operators - plus add functions and composition.

The main limitation is developer time. There is so much that could be done with PRQL! Without corporate sponsor, parent company, or more contributors, velocity is unfortunately limited. If you'd like to see that change, please reach out!
Don't mind at all!

Worth calling out that this is the form used by two forms in JavaScriptCore:

- DFG-SSA (used for high level optimizations in the FTL JIT)

- B3 (used for low level optimizations in the FTL JIT)

B3 is somewhat well documented: https://www.webkit.org/docs/b3/intermediate-representation.h...
Start of ‘quantum’ hype?
My home NAS drives are currently hitting the 5 years mark. So far I'm at no failures, but I'm considering if it's time to upgrade/replace. What I have is 5 x 4TB pre-SMR WD Reds (which are now called the WD Red Pro line I guess). Capacity wise I've got them setup in a RAID 6, which gives me 12TB of usable capacity, of which I currently use about 7.5TB.

I'm basically mulling between going as-is to SSDs in a similar 5x4TB configuration, or just going for 20TB hard drives in a RAID 1 configuration and a pair of 4TB SATA SSDs in a RAID 1 for use cases that need better-than-HDD performance.

These figures indicate Seagate is improving in reliability, which might be worth considering this time given WD's actions in the time since my last purchase, but on the other hand I'd basically sworn off Seagate after a wave of drives in the mid-2010s with a near 100% failure rate within 5 years.
The two standards are compatible, the port end hasn't changed, just the connector. The shorter sense pins are just designed to help detect an improperly connected cable, so that the sense pins only connect when the power pins are definitely connected.

Buildzoid and others have covered the design issues of the 12VHPWR cable and especially it's horrific implementation on the 5090FE well enough[1] that I don't think it's worth going into too much detail here. For some god forsaken reason, they decided to just dump all of the voltage lines in parallel and then run a single shunt resistor to it, so if a conductor fails and the load becomes improperly distributed, there's no way for the card or the user to know until it catches fire. It's hard to come up with a reasonable justification for this.

But just so we're clear, there are 2 reports of catastrophic failures with the 5090 already, which should be even more alarming considering how few 5090 actually exist right now. The other failure didn't involve third-party cables.

Of course, if used improperly, you can burn through basically any cable, and any cable can fail... but when the failure rate of a specific cable is so high above the rest, it raises many questions. If a specific model of aircraft seems to have an oddly bad problem with pilot error, you can't just shrug that off. In my opinion, consumer computer equipment is the same. It shouldn't light on fire unless you've done something horribly wrong. And even if you do something horribly wrong, the hardware should at least be designed in a way that gives it a chance at failing gracefully first. The connectors that 12VHPWR replaced were specced with good safety margins and previous NVIDIA cards were designed to ensure current was balanced across voltage lines.

It is unclear why NVIDIA didn't see the issue with the 12VHPWR last generation and put some serious effort into fixing the problem. If they continue recklessly like this, there is a non-zero chance that the 12VHPWR connector is only retired after it finally causes loss of life.

[1]: https://youtu.be/kb5YzMoVQyw
Between the bad layout and how obviously wrong it was in the early paragraphs I'll admit to not finishing. They were building up a strawman of capitalism to knock down, and I couldn't read it anymore.

Which is to say I can't quote their definition, but it was clearly leading to the sexist one. (elsewhere people are using a labor vs work distinction which I'm going to contend comes from the same sexism and isn't a useful distinction)
Priced between $600-$2000. It can be themed for particular occasions, great for places like corporate offices, hotels which already spend quite a bit to look chic.
> this will be at least little bit helpful for those people, wouldn't it

Probably not, because they're unlikely to have enough stuff to export that it's relevant.

> Edit: Just tried turning a ~5 minute .wav into .flac (without multithreading) on a Intel Celeron N4505 (worst CPU I have running atm) and took around 20 seconds, FWIW

Which is basically nothing. It takes more time than that to fix the track's tagging.
In fairness it’s become even more difficult now than ever before.

* hardware spec

* inference engine

* specific model - differences to tokenizer will make models faster/slower with equivalent parameter count

* quantization used - and you need to be aware of hardware specific optimizations for particular quants

* kv cache settings

* input context size

* output token count

This is probably not a complete list either.
Paris is absorbing the AI talent and money
They really have been great, the bar was set high!
My 1080 has been running with the same configuration for years. The only thing I consider a downside is the lack of power for exploring AI locally, and AI isn't worth buying a $1234 video card for myself.
I'd ask it to run for free
I don't buy it makes me dumber. It just makes me worse at some things I used to do before, while making better at some other things. Often times it doesn't feel like coding anymore, more like if I were training to be a lawyer or something. But that's my bet.
Trailing commas are an abomination
LANçando um assistente de social media com IA – buscando testadores
Estou desenvolvendo um assistente de social media com IA que cria automaticamente postagens e legendas personalizadas para profissionais autônomos e pequenas empresas. A ideia é resolver o problema de quem precisa estar presente online, mas não tem tempo ou conhecimento para criar conteúdo de qualidade.

O projeto ainda está em fase de testes e estou buscando feedback para validar as funcionalidades e aprimorar a experiência.

Se você trabalha por conta própria ou tem interesse em ferramentas de automação para redes sociais, ficaria feliz em compartilhar mais detalhes e ouvir suas opiniões. Marque seu teste comigo pelo link!
Turn/River is well known in the space if you know about it. They’ve raised like over $100bn across all their funds.

There are hundreds of these firms that you don’t know about and may never know about. They’re not hiding or anything, just the nature of the PE business to work in the background.
Nope. A tool can be a limiter to what art you can do, especially in photography.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43004373
Free preprints of the 2 papers:

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.04.17.589597v1

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.04.17.589600v1
The SRBs were resued. Like everything on the shuttle there was far more rebuilding needed before they were reused, but they were resued.
> reddit karma and name recognition, which do correlate somewhat to monetary value if you're motivated enough

This is usually reason #1, and money doesn't have to be involved. Never underestimate the importance of imaginary internet points.
Will RandomX work on the old cell phones, via Javascript interface only?

The website says: "Fast mode - requires 2080 MiB of shared memory. Light mode - requires only 256 MiB of shared memory, but runs significantly slower"

If you want your website challenge to work on the cheap phone - slow CPU, with little memory, and when implemented in Javascript, you'd have to tune complexity way down. And when a modern PC with fast CPU and tons of memory tries to solve it.. it probably will take only a few milliseconds, basically being useless.
Of course there is, same on motherboards and to a smaller extent hard drives.
It's already pretty hard to find engineers that can actually go deep on problems. I predict this will get even worst with AI.
> What, you're running 2.6.20? What a hoot!!! We like to kid. You're not serious? You are? You work at the local nuclear plant?

The local nuclear power plant is hopefully not connected to the internet. It shouldn't be surprising that such systems run old software.
Chained Ogg FLAC works really well as an intermediary/internal streaming format.

In my case - I have an internet radio station available in a few different codec/bitrate combinations. I generate a chained Ogg FLAC stream so I have in-band metadata with lossless audio.

The stream gets piped into a process that will encode the lossy versions, update metadata the correct way per-stream (like there's HLS with timed ID3, there's Icecast with chained Ogg Opus, Icecast with AAC + Shoutcast-style metadata).
hehehe yea but how many of us were hand-writing JavaScript for a living anyways :)
> This is the same as my issues with Rust, if declaring a new type to represent a number of files isn't as easy as just using a u32 then no one will use it, etc..

#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialEq, Eq)]
#[repr(transparent)]
pub struct FileCount(pub u32);

The annotations aren't needed until you make these part of your API and you want to communicate specific actions, but it's likely close what you'd end up with.

The first thing I'd do, and likely get away with, is

struct FileCount(u32);

> My opinion is that the absolute safest way to do something needs to also be the easiest way to ensure that users always pick the safest option.

Agreed.
After another pair of kitchen scissors had the plastic handle fall off, revealing a tiny metal tang creating the inevitable weak spot, I went looking for an all-metal pair. Not at all easy to source as it turns out, there are only a small handful of even vaguely reasonably priced models available.

They're just scissors, how are we still as a species finding ways to make them shitter and more breakable? They're a solved problem and yet some guy managed to hit on a way make them out of melting plastic?

I don't need them to be laser etched or artisanal or blessed by levitating monks or whatever. Just two bits of metal with a rivet that will still be scissor-shaped when I'm dead and buried. It's not even that much more metal than plastic handled scissors, and the hard bit is in the edges anyway, not the handles. It's probably never been cheaper or easier to make not-shit things and yet there's just so much shit everywhere.
Boring is great as long as you aren't looking for a job. There is a significant risk that you are slowly removing yourself from the job market if you stick to boring tech. Your next employer often doesn't give a sh.t that you provided great business value. Most of them want shiny new. When I read the ads of my current employer I don't think I would get hired.
It needs to be better than the average engineer whose abilities are themselves augmented by AI.
> There must be some threshold beyond which (assuming most new developers are learning using these tools) fundamental ability to understand how the machine works and thus ability to "dive in and figure things out" when something goes wrong is pretty much completely lost.

For me this happened when working on some Spring Boot codebase thrown together by people who obviously had no idea what they were doing (which maybe is the point of Spring Boot; it seems to encourage slopping a bunch of annotations together in the hope that it will do something useful). I used to be able to fix things when they went wrong, but this thing is just so mysterious and broken in such ridiculous ways that I can never seem to get to the bottom of it,
Unfortunately using all the same type of drive in any kinda of system is a recipe for disaster.

Incompatibilities between the drive firmware and the device they're in can cause problems.

Subtle harmonic issues with how the drives are mounted, which might be fine for some drives and disastrous for others.

I've always found the best strategy with mechanical hard drives is to have various brands and models in the same device on RAID.
If I could upvote this article twice, I would.
That's a stretch to call it "easy enough", you are explicitly pointing the gun at your foot. That `b.a1` might not be explicitly UB, but that's quite suspect when b's lifetime didn't start yet. Accessing members through `this` in constructors have some special allowance to not make that UB.
If that reduction can be achieved by simply replacing Mongo with Postgres... what is the point of using Mongo?

Edit: on top of that, very few things that you store in the DB are non-relational. So you will always end up recreating a relational database on top of any NoSQL database. So why bother when you can just go for a RDBMS from the start?
I'm also in favor of constant updates. When you update relatively soon after the update was released, the internet's memory is very fresh. Errors that you get related to the versions you're updating from/to.
Common Lisp, XMPP, HTML/HTTP, DITA, XML, Git, ssh, Rsync, Nginx, Firefox, GIMP, Debian, EXTFS, HP-GL, bash, Emacs, TeX, PDF, Bittorrent.
New AWS SaaS Marketplace Rules Will Impact Your Commitments
I want to spend all day making music, and small games.

I haven't figured out a way to do that in a manner that supports myself.

Every job is ultimately filing out TPS reports. The reports might look a little different, but it's still a TPS report.
I took it less of a decline in mobile, but more indicative of how strong television still is?
Keller is just a god tier hardware guy - his ability to leverage deep understanding and then explain incredibly complex issues in a few sentences is incredible. Intel shot themselves in the foot when they let him go.
> It's all fun and games until you realise you can't run a consumer economy without consumers.

If the issue is that the AI can't code, then yes you shouldn't replace the programmers: not because they're good consumers, just because you still need programmers.

But if the AI can replace programmers, then it's strange to argue that programmers should still get employed just so they can get money to consume, even though they're obsolete. You seem to be arguing that jobs should never be eliminated due to technical advances, because that's removing a consumer from the market?
Without talking about SQL it would be nice for git diff. I only see benefits of supporting them, hopefully this can be integrated into the SQL standards
Did you purchase them all at the same time from the same store? I've had a batch of SSDs fail from the same vendor / mfg timeframe. I started ordering a couple here and there form different vendors where possible. So far i've been lucky to get drives that aren't from the same batches. I tend to buy Exos from seagate and WD gold though so there's a bit of a premium tacked on.
I have a possible use for FLAC for realtime audio.

We (Overte, an open source VR environment) have a need for fast audio encoding, and sometimes audio encoding CPU time is the main bottleneck. For this purpose we support multiple codecs, and FLAC is actually of interest because it turns out that the niche of "compressing audio really fast but still in good quality" is a rare one.

We maingly use Opus which is great, but it's fairly CPU heavy, so there can be cases when one might want to sacrifice some bandwidth in exchange for less CPU time.
hey again I added Korean for you. I plan to add romanization support over the next week or so.

Give me a shout if you have any other things you'd like to see
> But they can reason

This isn't demonstrated yet, I would say. A good analogy is how people have used NeRFs to generate Doom levels, but when they do, the levels don't have offscreen coherence or object permanence. There's no internal engine behind the scenes making an actual Doom level. There's just a mechanism to generate things that look like outputs of that engine. In the same way, an LLM might well just be an empty shell that's good at generating outputs based on similar-looking outputs it was trained on, rather than something that can do the work of thinking about things and producing outputs. I know that's similar to "statistical parrot", but I don't think what you're saying demonstrates anything more than that.
Upsilon doesn't know anything about basic blocks. It's just an assignment.

Upsilon uses an SSA value, and assigns to a Phi. The use of an SSA value is just a normal SSA use.

The assignment to the Phi is special, and follows Static Single Use law.

In practice, you'll want to either have all Phis know about the Upsilons that refer to them, or you'll want to have a handy analysis that tells you about the Upsilons that refer to Phis. This part is no different from how your SSA form will either have user tracking (like LLVM IR) or an analysis that tells you the users.
The tragedy of our times is that some of our brightest minds are working tirelessly, not to cure diseases or to explore the stars, but to improve the probability that someone will click on an ad by 0.1%.
CISA puts election security staffers who worked with the states on leave
What about.. empowering programmers with AI - can it create any useful things ?
Is he? I never really got into reading his website, but it didn't seem like a money maker. I read a few articles here and there, and I admit I don't know his current status. It wouldn't surprise me if he has now turned it into a money maker (given life has forced a need to generate more money on him it would even be expected)
LLMs can teach themselves to better predict the future
Insights from a Week-Long Silent Retreat
Use your head! Would a person blatantly lie simply to get views on a social media site? No, it's much more likely that Scotch makes titanium scissors that spontaneously combust. /s
There needs to be competition
Courtney Taylor-Taylor, American songwriter and musician, hyphenated both of his parents' (married) last names as a joke on this.
Shouldn't this be "Render Doom on Google Sheets", given the processing is done in GScript? I'm sure there is a way to actually run frame-by-frame Doom with only cell equations.
This is called "content marketing" and there are usually at least a handful of them on the HN front page at any given time.

Although I will say that the BackBlaze drive stats articles are a much higher effort and standard of quality than you typically see for this tactic.
> It'll happen gradually over time

How much time?
I totally agree with you but being early is the same as being wrong as someone clever once said. There's a huge difference between it happening in less than 5 years like Zuckerberg and Sam Altman are saying and it taking 20 more years. If the second scenario is what happens me and many people on this thread can probably retire rather comfortably, and humanity possibly has enough time to come up with a working system to handle this mass change.
If the first scenario happens it's gonna be very very painful for many people.
The one review I found with the word "melting," or anything conceptually close to this, was "My Favorite Scissors have Died!" The person is not describing melting in the heat or deformation sense, which I think a lot of people would have assumed. Rather, they're exuding a liquid, like a lot of old rubber materials. To be generous, I'll wonder if maybe it's flammable.
That's what I thought too when they touted this meteoric rise to 100M in the early days of Threads.

If it's tied to Instagram, and these users aren't using Instagram while they're on Threads, isn't it basically the same difference?
Quick search shows current lock ups range from 6mo to 2yr. There are also some funds that have withdraw limits and short windows for doing so (I.e. once a quarter perhaps), but of course these tighter restrictions are only relevant for the funds that have the clout to implement them
I've had a similar experience with Bluesky, though it's much more like Twitter than Hacker News. You can curate a good feed by following a ton of people, then unfollow the noisy ones as you look over the feed. You can use "starter packs" and hashtags to help get started, too.

Once you've found some people you like, this tool is somewhat helpful for finding more people you might like to follow:

https://bsky-follow-finder.theo.io/
No raw loops, no new/delete (malloc/free). The two keys to making C++ a better language for you. You can still run into a lot of foot guns, but the above rules two eliminate a large portion of them.
The author's spot on with the liaison and elision rules.

> Nasal vowels are especially hard for English speakers like myself because, well, our language doesn’t exactly have any

I hadn't heard of these.

> To new learners ‘son’ and ‘sans’ may sound approximately the same while the sounds ‘in’ and ‘un’ are so similar that they are even merging into a single indistinguishable sound in some regions of France.

This is the real killer. Short and frequently-used sounds which overlap. It's good that un gets to sound more like in, because now it doesn't have to sound like both a, as, and à, which are way more common.

I was under the impression that French people think son and sans sound the same. Not to mention sont, s'en, and the other meaning of son. And all the back-halves of words which that sound ends up in: poisson, boisson, croissant. As MC Solaar says:

Mais j'ai supporté le croyant, la croix, l'étoile et le croissant
Le sans-croix, le sans croissant, mais l'agitation croissant

Or t'es, tes, thé.
People investing their lives in the field are inherently biased. This is not to diminish them, it’s just a fact of the matter. Nobody knows how general intelligence really works, nor even how to reliably test for it, so it’s all speculation.
That is not Smalltalk-80 as originally designed....
The manufacturer’s product page, with a link to the MSDS:

https://www.teraokatape.co.jp/english/products/class/class00...

Data sheet describing the “rat prevention effect”:

https://www.teraokatape.co.jp/english/products/Rat_Preventio...