skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
In my research a few weeks back, I went down the rabbit hole of region based memory management, and Cyclone was one of the first languages I came across (the majority of academic papers on the topic retrofitted an existing language- usually C).

I might be wrong here, so please feel free to correct me if so, but I don't think borrowing was a concept, per se, of the language itself.

As you mention, the concept the Rust designers took from Cyclone was explicit lifetimes.

Borrow checking provides two features (but in my opinion in a very un-ergonomic way): (1) prevention of use after free; and (2) temporal memory safety (i.e. guaranteeing no data races, but not eliminating race conditions in general).

I'm still wobbly on PLT legs though; I'm sure there's a pro or ten who could step in and elaborate.
Non video version is there [0]. My take on it is that there are no 'language comparisons' there. Difference is between older and newer algorithms and benchmark favorite is written in C. Its cool that new algorithms are implemented in new-ish language first.

[0] https://github.com/Voultapher/sort-research-rs/blob/main/wri...
I never got that far in the series, despite New Sun being one of my all time favorites. I'll give it a go. Thanks.
I call bullshit on that. The Asahi Linux intiative got a lot of respect and praise on this site whenever I looked at those threads. It's very very unlikely that this negative depiction is accurate. Please show a specific example of a thread that got out of hand like that, otherwise this is completely unbelievable.

Otherwise I would suggest that it says a lot when downvoting of comments is not understood as disapproval. And that it is a big warning sign when public devs/maintainers hallucinate hostile intentions to other communities as a whole.
Simply because that has bad optics. We "invade countries" on a regular basis, just not with tanks and battleships, and not to annex them or take their citizens but to get what we want out of them without having to do those messy things.

I'm 100% for my country but we do pull some shifty shit then scream to the heavens when somebody else does the same thing.
I cannot find it, but I distinctly remember a post by Rachel on her blog (rachelbythebay) that talks about this exact problem in open source.

Sometimes the nuance of appealing to maintainers emotions is more work than writing the software yourself and maintaining your own private fork.

If someone could find that blog post (and subsequent hacker news ref) it would be a fun way to compare this discourse to Rachel’s discourse.

Edit:

Found it: Choosing to stay out of the community.

https://rachelbythebay.com/w/2018/10/09/moat/

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18181409
I agree my point would have been better served attacking the message, not the messenger.

I think there are few things less curious and less scientific than objecting to seeing mystery in the physical world.

I dont think it is hyperbolic or fearmongering to use mystery in conjunction is science.

For example, when describing a never before observed proton radiation belt, with unexplained duration. Or when most of that radiation belt is still uncharacterized and out of the detection range of instruments. Or when this never before seen proton belt is expected to last very long time, perhaps over a year, form a single transient storm [1].

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/202...

I dont think it is appropriate to editorialize the titles of submission links to strip out authorial intent to highlight and share this mystery.

That said, The above text would have made a more robust critique that is more in-line with the sight guidelines. I just got fired up reading how much people hate scientists for their passion[2] and their application causal reductionism

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42976134
Chicago, too, particularly on Metra (the commuter rail network). The longest line is the UP Northwest line, about 63 mi/102 km to the far rural town of Harvard, Illinois.

Or, if you're heading to Indiana, the NICTD South Shore Line can take you all the way from Chicago to South Bend.
I think OAuth can complement computer use. Imagine if an agent went through an OAuth flow to get an access token, and was able to use that access token to interact with the same UI that a human interacted with. You'd get a few benefits:

- The human wouldn't need to share their password information with the agent

- Services would be able to block or ask for approval when agents take sensitive actions. Maybe an e-commerce site is happy to let an agent browse and add items to a cart, but wants a human in the loop for checkout.

- Services would be able to attribute any actions taken to the agent on behalf of the user. Did Joe approve this expense report, or did Joe's agent approve this expense report?
What Can We Learn from Barnes and Noble's Surprising Turnaround? (2022)
It's not that sad. The secret is to do the opposite of American development; don't build parking lots and giant streets everywhere and let people open late night businesses in walking distance of the station.
If you're using WSL, then you can just run the linux rustup installer to have a linux version of the toolchain installed.
National Institutes of Health cuts support to universities
thank you! totally with you on building the habit of manually tracking and being aware of where my money goes! hopefully you like it more when you give it a try, open source, simplicity, and self-hosting are at the core for this.

also, on a side note, for non streaming workloads, i prefer cloudflare tunnels over a vpn solution like tailscale, feel free to check that out too :)

cheers!
All error handling is messy in one way or another. I am personally a fan of the exceptions in C#. It’s good enough for me and doesn’t make me add a bunch of error types to all my methods.

I also like the Erlang philosophy of letting the lightweight process crash as soon as any problem occurs and having a supervisor decide what to do.
It's less of a traffic thing than a supply/demand thing. People mostly want to sleep at night.
It has nothing to do with cutting expenses or even optics as other's have said.

It's about power, and how much you can have. This presidency is pushing the limits well past where they are, with the intention they will be reeled back, but not all the way. "Shoot for the moon, you'll land among the stars" strategy.
haha! i hope it can! lemme know!
I've had the occasional large prompt that cost ~30c - I often use GPT-4o mini if I'm going to ask follow-up questions because then I get prompt caching without having to configure it.
Objective function: Minimize operational cost
Decision variable(s): Electrical system frequency
Scope: Global electrical grid
When I play Ryu Ga Gotoku Studio games like "Lost Judgement" or "Like A Dragon" I always find myself wondering if groping is a big deal over there.
This is a fundamental misunderstanding of the structure of the linux kernel, the nature of kernels in general, and the ways one performs automated verification of computer code.

Automated verification (including as done by rust in it's compiler) does not involve anything popularly known as AI, and automated verification as it exists today is more complete for rust than for any other system (because no other widely used language today places the information needed for verification into the language itself, which results rust code being widely analyzable for safety).

Human validation is insufficient and error prone, which is why automated verification of code is something developers have been seeking and working on for a long time (before rust, even).

Having "explicit" (manual?) memory management is not a benefit to enabling verification either by humans or by machines. Neither is using a low level language which does not specify enough detail in the type system to perform verification.

Kernel modules aren't that special. One can put a _lot_ of code in them, that can do effectively anything (other than early boot bits, because they aren't loaded yet). Kernel modules exist for distribution reasons, and do not define any strict boundary.

If we're talking about out-of-tree kernel modules, those are not something the tend to exist for a long time. The only real examples today of long lived out-of-tree modules are zfs (filesystem) and nvidia (gpu driver). These only exist out-of-tree because of licensing and secrecy. This is because getting code in-tree generally helps keep code up to date with less effort from everyone involved: the people already making in-tree changes can see how certain APIs are being used and if those in-tree folks are more familiar with the API they can/may improve the now-merged code. And the formerly out-of-tree folks don't have to run their own release process, don't have to deal with constant compatibility issues as kernel APIs change, etc.
I coincidentally just discovered this unit today for work! What a godsend.
Don't get all your news from 2000s stereotypes. There was a fair amount of reform for that in the last decade.

https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/AVHWPEJPA065NRUG

China is probably the better example for long work hours right now.
Ah yes, Vannevar Bush's OSRD's Division 19.
Voting and flagging are intimate data—I wouldn't dream of disclosing that about anyone. I think most HN users would take that as a betrayal of the basic community contract.

Also, I don't see what good would come of it. It would lead to much more conflict, and would change the character of the site. People would no longer feel free to express their preferences—actually they would no longer be free to express them. This is not a way to fix the problems we face as a community.
One thing that occurred to me recently is that Japanese book stores will wrap your books in paper to protect one's privacy while reading on mass transit. There are still some bookstores in Taiwan that still preserve this tradition as well.
Yeah, I loved it. It reminds me of the weird little things you would read on the old internet.
The overhead being charged at a lot of these places was obscene (and variable- it all depended on the specific institution). A fixed rate of 15% seems low, but reasonable. I expect the admin especially at places that charge a premium will be furious.
I know this a difficult case to win, but I'd always prefer night shifts and get annoyed when my government decides it's not 'the right thing to do'.

Same for Sunday Closures. What's so special about Sunday apart from old religious concerns?
I'm not sure I'd want internet connected guided missiles:

https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc1149
I see you responded to both of my comments in this thread, but I'll save us both the trouble by doing a single reply.

I understood/understand the representations, and I am sure they are made in good faith.

At the same time, I also understand the reality of having the things you do seriously impact the work of others and the types of issues that can cause.

I did state that I was leaning on the side of him being unreasonable, but also that I understood the concern. Nothing more, nothing less.
You missed a few things.

The whole "alternate electors" thing. That wasn't "just in case the court cases go our way and we turn out to have won the state". No, they were presented as the real electors. How did that happen? It wasn't just a random coincidence that seven different states did that. No, Trump orchestrated that.

There was the pressure campaign on Pence. He was told to approve the alternate electors rather than the real ones. Not just once - he was repeatedly told to do that.

The riot is minor compared to those two items.
https://aeon.co/essays/the-life-changing-magic-of-japanese-c...
15% is wildly far from reasonable. More than that, it's an entirely made up number.
Steve Bannon explains this very well. It's called "flooding the zone." Because people can only focus on 1 thing at a time, fascists do 5 things at a time. The media focuses on one thing while they make progress on the other 4. The culture war nonsense has proven to be delicious bait for the media and now so has DEI.
Very interesting study. I guess even without conscious rote learning there's repetition involved in selling the same set of vegetables in similar quantities over months, years and customers paying in similar bills - after all there is only a few of each. So it is not surprising those skills are not transferable.

However, it does show the kids are not "dumb" and schools need to make formal maths more interesting. More than the curriculum itself, teachers can make a difference, if well trained.

Anecdotally I do find common maths skills have a strong correlation to general competence as perceived by others. I have always been impressed by executives that have firm grasp of numbers, even in non-financial jobs and I find they do well in their careers. They can instantly notice something that stands out, smells bad etc.

A store clerk that pulls out a calculator to do simple maths gives out bad vibes.
link to the book in the website takes you here https://lacathospital.com/ ?
Both were wrong, but only one was corrected.

> If the maintainer (or anyone) is unreasonable, then the only approach is to have someone with more authority weigh in and make the decision to bypass their objections or sustain them (which is sort of the direction this was going before the diatribes).

While they were arguing, Linus said nothing. While the maintainer was issuing ultimatums, Linus said nothing. Linus only said something when social media forced his hand. This is the real issue.
Also, no-vote is a vote for the winner, so the majority at least tacitly approves.
> You surely aren't advocating that hardware predating PDP-11 for a decade are more powerful.

That's correct. The PDP-11 used for the first Unix system had 24KBytes of memory, and no virtual memory. The kernel and the current running process had to both fit in 24KB. This PDP-11 minicomputer was vastly underpowered compared to ten year old mainframes (but was also far less expensive). The ability of Unix to run on such underpowered (and cheap) machines was a factor in its early popularity.

BCPL was first implemented on an IBM 7094 running CTSS at Project Mac at MIT. This was one of the most powerful mainframes of its era. It had 12× the memory of the Unix group’s PDP-11, plus memory protection to separate kernel memory from user memory. One of the historical papers about C noted that a BCPL compiler could not be made to run on the PDP-11 because it needed too much memory. It needed to keep the entire parse tree of a function in memory while generating code for that function. C was designed so that machine code could be generated one statement at a time while parsing a function.
Which has been corrected since.
> then his beef with Christoph about wanting to "mix languages" (C and Rust, of course) and Christoph said "I'm maintaining it and I'm not doing it, it's like a cancer"

You don't even take time to figure out who's the commit author.
Naming it after (a) political figure(s) killed by disloyal operatives so that snarky "know it all" sub-urbanites might remember those who died for nobler causes.
It had a larger catalog for books too. Same process to buy current best seller and anything else in print. As opposed to going to the book store and if it's not there you've got to find someone who can order it, and then it arrives at the store and not your house.
Yes, they certainly can.

However, the prevalence of side effects with psychedelics is in the single-digit range, whereas with SSRIs you're almost certain to be experiencing some sort of - often severe - side effects for the rest of your life.
Since a lot of people on HN don't know how indirect costs work, especially for the NIH:

Grant proposals don't cover things that don't directly cover the project. Journal subscriptions, facilities, copy paper, administrative staff, etc. all aren't eligible, and so get rolled into the vague notion of indirect rates.

When an NIH grant is awarded for a particular direct cost amount, the indirect rate is then added on. So for my institution, if I get a $100,000 grant, my institution gets $153,000, because we have a 53% indirect rate. These are periodically renegotiated with the Federal government, and used widely.

Private research companies can and do just tuck this into their costs, but universities aren't allowed to do that.

A 15% rate is, to be blunt, catastrophic. It's "Every University in the U.S. Loses Money on Every Single NIH Grant" levels of bad.

And yes, this is the rate a lot of foundations charge. That's not because it's a reasonable rate - it's because it's a charitable foundation, and we all sort of indulge them because of their missions, and their own need to be efficient. But they're also a minuscule amount of the funding landscape, and often small grants. We tell ourselves its find - they're worthy causes, and loss leaders, etc. But applying that to the NIH will be a massive blow to biomedical research in the United States.
Wasn't a value judgement
This has absolutely nothing to do with the US government. This current drama started before January 20th.

Rust has never as far as I'm aware or can tell via google recieved money from USAID. Though amusingly there has been money invested by USAID to combat it's namesake - a category of fungus - from destroying coffee plants.

What you're probably thinking of with regards to the US government is that the Trump administration has been deleting all sorts of websites and guidance, and one of the things deleted was a report by the White House Office of the National Cyber Director calling on developers to use memory safe languages [0]. Various other similar documents (e.g. randomly picked via google [1]) still exist and it's unlikely that this document was deleted because of its contents and not because the white house was just destroying the entire category of things related to the ONCD - even the landing page 404s [2].

That report was just a "this is a good idea", I don't believe it ever came with any funding or support.

It wouldn't surprise me if other similar things were deleted too, that's just the one I saw hit the news, so I'm guessing that's the news you saw.

[0] https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024...

[1] https://media.defense.gov/2023/Apr/27/2003210083/-1/-1/0/CSI...

[2] https://www.whitehouse.gov/oncd/ - Link from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Office_of_the_National_Cyber_D...
I'm not sure what your point is here.

With respect to "the example". The code in the linked article does not perform out of bounds array access. `ip` points to one-past-end, which is legal, and it is never dereferenced (in the original, correct, user written code). All issues described in the article relate to faulty compiler transformations.

On the other hand, if you are arguing that the language should protect the programmer from "silent data corruption" by limiting their freedom to implement correct low-level memory access or pointer manipulation (correct, but not easily provable by the compiler infrastructure) then I disagree. C is not a safe language and it should not protect the programmer. It is not acceptable to me that the compiler writers are overly conservative about which correct programs are expressible in C, and which can only be written in assembler. In C I am willing to take the risk of "silent data corruption" in exchange for the freedom to write the programs that I want to write. If for some project the risk/benefit equation weighs in a different direction I will choose a different language.
That's fair!

See https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42978067
They do seem to think that way sometimes, don't they?

But the counter-argument here is: if the civilian E2E apps had also/already been backdoored, they'd be entirely out of options now.
i dont understand. what have llms to do with ocr?
> because there are worker rights

That's a ridiculous answer. People work at night in Japan because there is a market for that.
OK, so, extend that philosophy to any media content. The method I describe above would force whomever is publishing content that that want to "seem legitimate" assign a human person (digital signature) as the source. Then, it would be easy to say "well, this content doesn't have a legitimate source that I can point to, so, it's probably fake. And, if people are afraid to post the content without personally backing it up, they probably shouldn't be posting.
Also, much less societal tolerance for drugs?

As in, none. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Japan#Medic...
> death by overwork

Stop reading tabloids
This is true, but given 60 years it now has become part of the culture there. Maybe if you go out to the poorer places with SEA laborers, you can find betelnut chewers --but those are imported manual labor immigrants and not natives --though maybe you see them in the small islands.
DC high voltage (200v) is very dangerous and pernicious, and mores difficult to switch on and off because of arcs.
The Japanese government, like France, doesn't keep track of ethnicity. That number means citizens and everyone just reports it as if it's ethnicity. You wouldn't be able to tell if some of them are half Korean or Chinese.

Tokyo in particular has a lot of immigrants these days, and I think you'd only notice if you read their nametags at the convenience store.
Ignoring this; same as glassholes, 3d/vr tv, and nfts.

It goes away faster if you ignore it.

They've had trouble making their bullshit seem real for at least the last 24 years.
Is this the paper? https://arxiv.org/abs/cs/0011047
No. For SW distribution, yeah sign the software in transit to my disk or whatnot. That's good so I know who I'm getting it from.

But requiring it for running the code, that's just anti-software-freedom behavior.
Good point, I didn't think of that solution.
Well, other countries can only absorb so many scientists. It's basically a complete disaster for many research fields (and also research universities in general).
There's certainly a lot of tolerance for smoking, that's just not a drug that makes you commit crimes. (Except littering.) But they're only into mild stimulants because of memories of pervitin abuse.

The main difference I can think of is we think it's cool if a celebrity does drugs, but they get insta-canceled so hard they disappear from society entirely.
Do you believe that existing open source symbolic kernels are the limitation here, given that we can now easily (for some value of n) render the notation and the notes/annotations?

I mean, there are a ton of math libraries available for most programming languages, but symbolic solving is pretty important here, because presumably people would want to (for example) show the integral or summation symbols and use algebraic notation rather than, say, Mathematica functions.
Thanks for the suggestion!

How's the simplicy of setting up and accessing cloudflare tunnels over a VPN for the near-totally computer illiterate, in comparison to Tailscale?

Part of setting up a homelab and self-hosting more and more of my digital life has been working toward being able to offer family and very-close friends an off-ramp from the world of cloud-controlled data and computing. Especially among family, there are some folks who will not be able to easily grok things even you, I, and casual power uses would consider "basic."
Singapore has very high fines for littering.
JavaScript but It's Ancient Chinese
> A store clerk that pulls out a calculator to do simple maths gives out bad vibes.

Conversely, store clerks in corner stores that use print roll tabulating calculators to add everything and reach totals give confidence to many, particulalrly those that hand over the printouts for inspection.

There are patterns of argument that serial scammers use to confuse clerks about change.

One of the better defence strategies is to slow walk the asserted calculation through on a calculater with print tally.
The bad SSL cert is the perfect feature for this.