skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> What is PG&Es generation cost vs administrative and legal overhead? The 11% margin isn't a good basis number.

Administrative and legal costs don’t disappear when the city runs it, so why does it matter? When the city runs a utility, nearly all of the costs associated with running a utility still exist.

If your mental model of a city-owned utility is that they’re going to generate power and sell it at cost with no administrative overhead, you’re really just assuming that administrative overhead will be covered by taxpayers.

Electricity rates down, tax rates up.

> How is other states like Texas or Colorado are delivering at 10-12c/kwh ?

Texas produces the most crude oil, natural gas, and also wind generated electricity. A quarter of the entire country’s wind energy generation happens in Texas.

Comparing electricity prices across regions is meaningless. Everything is too different.
Their prospective replacements didn't last the rewrite, though.
Pitcairn is anything but obscure. It's very famous (and notorious in the 90's).
The main obstacle to making Rust a "C++ but better" language is arguably the half-baked design of its support for pinned data. (Because "pinned", i.e. location-sensitive objects that can't simply be memcpy'd elsewhere are ubiquitous in idiomatic C/C++.) But there are several language proposals to mitigate this in the future, though for most of these a full transition will require an edition change in order not to break backward-compat.

As for the use of 'fat' vs. 'thin' pointers for dynamic dispatch, a C++-style vtable ptr is just a &'static VTableStruct, where VTableStruct is a dictionary of functions. The anyhow crate is a good example of how you can implement that particular approach.
I personally prefer to use dotted paper.

And I write every Latin letter in its capital form, however actual capitals twice as large. Put a dot in zero.

That way everything looks distinct
The Algorithmic Origin of Life
> All of these are great crates, but do I need all of this just to generate a random number?

You can use getrandom directly.

getrandom v0.3.1
├── cfg-if v1.0.0
└── libc v0.2.169
Because I dont own anything Apple, nor anything that doesnt give me full control over my stuff.

I assume that instead of educating me on how the backups are in a user unreadable format, you chose to make a snide remark and leave me to guess the truth.

Why would anyone trust a backup they cannot read themselves in an emergency?
Linux is a shit show because there is no driver standard among other reasons
FutureSDR
> people attacking somebody but taking care to stay below the threshold of when a mod would take action, instead hoping that the other person crosses the threshold

I agree, it is a problem—but it is (almost by definition) less of a problem than aggression which does cross the threshold. If every user would give up being overtly abusive for being covertly abusive, that wouldn't be great—but it would be better, not least because we could then raise the bar to make that also unacceptable.

(I'm not sure this analogy is helpful, but to me it's comparable to the difference between physical violence and emotional abuse. Both are bad, but society can't treat them the same way—and that despite the fact emotional abuse can actually be worse in some situtations.)

> somebody treating you badly gives you the right to also treat them badly (within reason - proportionally)

I can tell you why that doesn't work (at least not in a context like HN where my experience is): because everyone overestimates the provocations and abuses done by the other, and underestimates the ones done by themselves. If you say the distortion is 10x in each case, that's a 100x skew in perception [1]

As a result, no matter how badly people are behaving, they always feel like the other person started it and did worse, and always feel justified.

In other words, to have that as a rule would amount to having no rule. In order to be even weakly effective, the rule needs to be: you can't be abusive in comments regardless of what other commenters are doing or you feel they are doing [2].

[1] https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...

[2] https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu...
> Consumers want more features

I no longer think that's true. Instead, I think consumers want reliability, but more features is a way to justify subscription pricing segregation and increases.
How do LLMs calculate statistic metrics like average or standard deviation accurately in such experiments?
VSCode remotes can execute code on the connecting clients, so a pwned remote server can pwn your local machine.
PEP 739 A static description file for Python build details
Unless I can right click (or long press) and copy or save and then paste somewhere else, I don't want it.
Apples leadership hasn’t always been a light on a shining hill, especially during the 90s and they still managed the 68K to PPC transition.
I personally use aws_lc_rs's random since I have it for TLS anyway, https://docs.rs/aws-lc-rs/latest/aws_lc_rs/rand/index.html
Yes, a lot of those unions were racist and xenophobic.

You are, I believe, referring to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909_Georgia_Railroad_strike ?

I don't see anything about a minimum wage. I do see 'the arbitrators did rule that the railroad would be required to pay African American and white firemen the same wage' but nothing about how that minimum was set by law.

Minimums for a union job are not the same as minimum wage, which is the legal minimum set by law.

Union minimums predate the Civil War. For example, the Boston Journeymen Bootmaker's Society had a minimum price per shoe made, back in the 1830s, leading to Commonwealth v. Hunt.
Added to https://github.com/globalcitizen/taoup ;)
Santa Clara's utility rates are also cheaper because there's a bunch of data centers that are the bulk of consumption and subsidize rates for residents. That said, I'm all for getting rid of PG&E
Dotfiles are going out of fashion as most stuff ends up in .config now.
Should look into Knuth’s DLX. My JS implementation solved this case in 1.8ms
You have to go pretty out of your way as a user to actually see those transaction logs though vs what GP is talking about with blatant pollution the user is actually expected to see and interact with.
FreeBSD? But there is nothing fundamentally different in open-source project management between a kernel and any other large open-source project. The linux code base is the largest, but not by a large margin. Chrome, GCC, OpenOffice, Android (excluding the linux part obvs.), and the various BSDs are all comparable in scope, complexity, lines of code, and number of contributors. Only linux is (in)famous for having a toxic and unproductive culture.
https://archive.ph/qKNZk
I used plain for a few years but it has some problems. I now use faint lined paper. Usually Muji notebooks. I leave a blank line between each statement. The lines are handy if you want to make something readable and well aligned which is fairly important. Scans fine.

My kids were forced to use heavily marked blue squared paper. They had problems writing and reading. I pointed this out to their mathematics teacher and said that it may be detrimental and got a diatribe of “what do you know”. Such a bad attitude. I had an answer to this which was embarrassing to him.
Thank you! I've just installed it and so far it works great
Every reference to Amazon and Alexa in your comment would still be completely accurate if replaced with Google Home or Apple HomePod.

So the vision for Amazon is their box and underlying AI would forever be ahead of Google and Apple? So incredibly far ahead in fact, that Google and Apple’s massive amounts of user data and decades of habitual use (through Google search, Apple/Google maps, YouTube, Apple/Google pay, and a dozen other multi-billion dollar services) still isn’t enough to prevent Alexa’s AI domination? Again, it all seems like a massive waste of time.
Clever clothes Seams in clothing can capture body movement
There's nothing wrong with l.
I heard people say that in 2016 too. Second time's the charm...?
Absolutely. It worked fine before vscode existed and it will work fine when the next hot button IDE comes along. I'm not sure why people keep reinventing the wheel and creating themselves new problems!
Thanks for your response! Regarding question 2, I think my initial understanding of FlashSpace was that it was using the macOS spaces API, which has been known to have its limitations (as documented in the Aerospace docs I shared). Now that I've played around with FlashSpace, I believe it's not using that API. So I think I'm clear on the questions.

I really like how FlashSpace plays well with macOS native tabs. One follow-up question I had is how you manage your windows? FlashSpace not managing windows on one hand is really nice for floating windows (e.g., mpv), but in your examples you have all the windows already set up with some gaps around each. Is all that set-up done by dragging windows around with your mouse? I use an accordion layout heavily, and I don't see how I can make it work with FlashSpace.
the reliance on python has stopped me when i tried to use it. is there a homebrew package coming or something more accessible?
Boulder CO tried to do this, but failed. After a 10 year fight, Xcel's lobbying won out and the $29 million that was spent to start the process had been exhausted. We need more cities trying to do this to show how it can be done and done well.

https://www.cpr.org/2020/11/20/boulder-ends-decade-long-purs...
Scientists invent "slime" – could be used in medical, energy, robot applications
These files correspond to the HKCU registry hive. There is really no better place to put them, because even the location of %LOCALAPPDATA% and %APPDATA% can be controlled... in the registry.
It takes like a quarter hour to process the entire ad blob on my old machine, and it's over $70k in ads clicked.

Between that and pihole I see very few ads. Being out and watching a yt video is shocking with how many ads there are - and what type.
>> Sundays off are about workers rights, little to do with religion.

Why did they all happen to pick Sunday?
The problem is the normalization of breaking changes that has happened as a result. Sure, you don’t owe anybody backwards compatibility. You don’t owe anybody anything. But then whole ecosystems crop up built out of constituent parts which each don’t owe anyone backwards compatibility, and the result is that writing software in these ecosystems is a toxic wasteland.

It’s not an automatic outcome of free software either. The Linux kernel is famous for “we don’t break user space, ever”, and some of Linus’s most heated rants have come from this topic. All of GNU is made of software that doesn’t break backwards compatibility. libc, all the core utilities, etc, all have maintained deprecated features basically forever. It’s all free software.
This attitude doesn't fix anything. Refusing to ever break an interface is how you get stuck with trash like C++'s std::regex, which is quite literally slower than shelling out to PHP - and it's not like we can just go and make C+++ to fix that.

Forbidding breaking changes isn't going to magically make people produce the perfect API out of the gate. It just means that fixes either don't get implemented at all, or get implemented as bolt-on warts that sow confusion and add complexity.
I always wondered how blind people navigate situations like this on public transit-how did you know another bus was coming?
The shop I was at was Network Associates (you'd know them now as McAfee).
Pencil boards can help. An example: https://www.jetpens.com/Hobonichi-Accessory-Pencil-Board-for...

Grid or lined, placed underneath thinner blank paper (heavier paper won't let the lines or grid show through as easily, if at all). Keeps the final presentation neat while giving the structure you may need to keep things aligned.
« saying that it thought »

This is, quite literally, not something that ChatGPT has the capability to do -- reporting on its thought process, that is. This is a hallucination.
It also reads to me like the contradictions are intentional. Something about software today feeling samey and churned-out.
Super Bowls Have More Than One Loser
It might seem like you could sort with just pairwise correlations, but on closer analysis, you cannot. Generating the next correct token requires correctly weighing the entire context window.
That doesn't seem like an appropriate comparison to the task the blogger did. The blogger gave their AI thing the raw data - and a different prompt from the one you gave. If you gave it a raster image, that's "cheating" - these models were trained to recognize things in images.
Most of those dependencies are for procedural macros (compile time only), don't be misled by this silly article.
> That one seems really straightforward - people don't owe you receipts for their views or explanations for their motivations.

Everything "seems straightforward" when you just make up what seems convenient without actually inspecting what is there, or the "aspirations" of the comments I'm referring to. People do owe themselves there being receipts before they speak, absolutely. This is not a diary, this is making claims in public. Of course they have to stand up to scrutiny, or get retracted. What else? What do you consider intellectually honest where that isn't the minimum?

If I ask what is the thought process here, and there is only evasion, because there is no thought process, or I ask what some wishy washy phrases means in practice, in the actual context it was used as an argument in, and I get nothing, then that's because there was just this wishy washy phrase. The respective people can prove that wrong. You can't do it for them. Why even try? Why even go there?

If I say "what you just wrote is racist so the opposite is true" and you ask "how so?" and then I don't reply because it was obviously bullshit, then that's not some high-fallutin' principled stand for good faith conversation, it's really just people trying something, failing, not acknowledging that, to keep doing it. It's the opposite of good faith discussion.
You can do that automatically once you match the pattern, it's highly unlikely that the relevant code changes much.
> For one, it includes expenses outside of the municipality.

Exactly. The cherry picked example in the article was chosen to ignore areas with higher expenses.

> For another, corporations are often okay overspending on executive compensation

PG&E had $25 billion revenue last year. How much do you think they spent on lavish executive compensation? Even if you could eliminate $100 million in compensation (doubtful) that’s still less than 0.1% of revenues. People overestimate the impact of executive compensation in large companies by orders of magnitude.

> and other lavish business expenses for tax purposes.

Again, you’re not going to find dramatic savings anywhere in the budget by cutting lavish business expenses at this scale. It’s noise. There’s also a persistent myth that companies can spend their way into saving money via tax write-offs, but for some reason my accountant tells me that’s not how taxes work.
The main thing would be supply-chain attacks designed to execute code on developer boxes. ideally, a dev VM or container that gets pwned wouldn't be able to immediately start exfiltrating all the secrets on your machine, just whichever ones you've given to the dev environment, which are probably fewer than "all of them."
I never used to cross my zeros until I was spending some time writing a lot of diagrams that had both O (for oxygen) and 0 (for the numeric label). It got very confusing!
> Make a point come out of the top of the p, to distinguish it from a rho.

Or make it \varrho (ϱ).

> Keep the slash in the phi vertical; keep the slash in the empty-set symbol slanted.

Again, \varphi (U+1D711 which HN doesn’t seem to like) is easier to distinguish.

The author silently chose \varepsilon in their TeX, but chose to ignore the rest of the variants.

My grammar school math teacher used a very large ascender for the alpha, almost into serif-£-sign-without-the-line-through territory.
Strange New Worlds might still accept fan scripts. Star Trek used to be famous for their willingness to produce episodes based on mailed in scripts.
On the other hand, the ability to switch virtual desktops independently between monitors as macOS has been able to for ages remains absent on Windows and is present only on some Linux desktops which feels insane to me. That single feature reduces the amount of twiddling with window arrangements and such I need to do to almost nothing.
> 1 The tech industry has accidentally invented the initial stages a completely new kind of mind, based on completely unknown principles...

> 2) The intelligence illusion is in the mind of the user and not in the LLM itself.

3) The intelligence of the users is illusion either?
> all of these people would have lived in the established towns

And I assume your food would be conjured magically?
> If any of you are recommending sshfs or a like you really don't understand the benefits of full VS Code SSH Remote environment.

Or we don't need them. Most peoples workflow is send file to remote, trigger remote. There are definitely other cases that this plugin may be more suitable for, but the trade offs for most people (which I suspect the majority of developers don't understand) are not very good.
Who cares about the way things should be when it comes to utilities. There’s no feasible way you’re going to cut power to rural communities and people. Deal with it.
Intelligence feels like a hard scientific concept, but scratch the surface and you find a circular definition: we measure it with tools we designed for the purpose, then declare it real because the tools say so. That’s affirming the consequent.

If intelligence were an objective property of the universe, we’d define it like mass or charge—quantifiable, invariant, fundamental. Instead, it shifts to match whatever we decide to measure. The instruments don’t quantify intelligence; they create it.
Out of respect for George Carlin.
Even though “toil” is a term of art, be careful using it around executives who are not SMEs.

I once saw an SRE get managed out because he kept talking about “reducing toil” and his director eventually said, “he obviously didn’t like toiling here so we helped him leave.”
> But I’d like to stress one point: this code requires no special permissions on Windows or Linux

*on X11. Wayland compositors typically don't let clients inject key presses.
Whatever the person I was replying to means by political opponent. My point was that they are not opponents if they want the same thing or acquiesce to the same thing.
I assume we're only comparing to operating systems, as I would say that e.g. Chrome as an open-source project is just as impactful if not more so. But generally speaking the Linux support experience is decidedly worse than *BSD or any proprietary OS. It is much harder to get patches upstreamed, and many hardware have errata that never get fixed. (If you haven't experienced this, it might be because companies like canonical and red hat maintain their own patches to support their customers.)
Did you have a laugh?
Too early for that pun, it works better at the end as a punchline of sorts, "ensure there is not ambiguity about what your intention is is."
What Won't Change: Powerful AI won't change everything
Adopting libraries and 3P solutions is like jumping in the pool, easy to do. Getting out of the pool is much harder. Or in some cases like jumping into quick sand. Sometimes it can be hard to tell which before you're in it.
It may be that his does something important yours doesn’t, but yours is much easier to understand! Short and clear is good.
Windows Phone quite probably had similar features, but I am specifically referring to this Social API[1] and related applications

[1] https://developer.android.com/about/versions/android-4.0-hig...
No, of course not. But it's a tongue-in-cheek joke, obviously.
>it wasn't even remotely the same

I think everyone can agree that in both 2018 and 2025: 1) Donald Trump announced sweeping tariffs on major trade partners - among which China, Mexico and Canada; 2) most media predicted a large-scale disaster; 3) large parts of the tariffs were later cancelled entirely, delayed, or scaled back.

I'm not sure what part of that "isn't even remotely the same." You highlight the low average tariff rates by country despite the (large) first Trump tariffs. This is _exactly_ my point: when you account for all exemptions, changes, agreements, rerouting of trade etc, the marquee double-digit numbers shrink dramatically.

---

As for the exact number, obviously it is impossible to know, and there are many ways to measure it. It's not uncommon for two estimates of tariff revenue, both calculated in honest ways, to be widely at odds. This is one reason why I qualified my numbers as "very rough", but I did lay out my reasoning above. To make it simple: most groups (CRFB, Tax Foundation, etc) estimated the tariffs we were discussing (China +10, Canada/Mexico +25) to sit - very roughly - at 100B of revenue raised plus or minus a few tens of billions. Current US tariff revenue is approximately 100B. So, in other words, we're talking about an approximate doubling of mean tariffs, which stand at around 1.5-2% today depending on who you ask and how it is measured.
I'll grant that is unlikely to happen with the kooks and crooks who just took office, but you've got to admit that--even in the best of times--a generic "reminder of the importance of" would be a timid and not-very-newsworthy type of "rapid response".

The the majority of the blame here lies on years of behavior by people and officials within Texas.
>Apple has been able to migrate between 5 processors during its existence by breaking backwards compatibility and even remove entire processing subsystems from ARM chips by removing 32 bit code compatibility.

I would consider myself an Apple evangelist, for the most part, and even I can recognize what's been lost by Apple breaking backwards compatibility every time they need to shift direction. While the philosophy is great for making sure that things are modern and maintained, there is definitely a non-insignificant amount of value that is lost, even just historically but also in general, by the paradigm of constantly moving forward without regard for maintaining compatibility with the past.
Knowledge retention: 5 clusters of knowledge loss, and 5 interventions
Yarn.lock Visualizer
Everyone has a different a tipping point. But generally I see folks want more features and don't value reliability unless it's something they use really often and has no workaround.

I play games with known bugs, and on imperfect hardware, because I unwilling to pay more. Some experiences are rare, so I tolerate some jank because there aren't enough competitors.
Why we must remember to delete – and forget – in the digital age (2011)
Semi-related, anyone have any up to date information on rust usage in the windows kernel?

Almost 2 years ago they said "36,000 lines of code including a systemcall" [1], I'm curious how that project has progressed.

[1] https://www.thurrott.com/windows/282471/microsoft-is-rewriti...
The use of the name Falklands is problematic because the Islas Malvinas are a disputed territory between Argentina and the UK. The UN has recognized this dispute and has urged the UK to negotiate their return, something the UK has ignored so far. Using the name imposed by the occupying power contributes to erasing Argentina’s legitimate claim and disregards the international legal stance on the issue. The proper approach would be to refer to them as Islas Malvinas or at least acknowledge the dispute in any discussion about them.
Using drugs to treat depression is usually a bad idea unless you have a medical reason.

Drugs for depression get addictive as your body gets instant reward by the pill.

It's sad to see many 1st world countries becoming too dependent of them, instead of achieving happiness and personal goals