skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This SEP article isn't bad, but a better philosophical introduction to Bayesian epistemology is Jonathan Weisberg's "Varieties of Bayesianism" for the Handbook of the History of Logic:

https://jonathanweisberg.org/pdf/VarietiesvF.pdf

Another point to notice is that "Bayesian epistemology" generally means "Bayesianism as discussed by philosophers". There is also "Bayesian statistics", i.e. as discussed by statisticians. Introductions to either of them show surprisingly little overlap between the two "Bayesianisms".
Interesting viewpoint: I see this as a distinction without a difference. I’m interested to know why you see it differently? What is its use, if not as a shortcut?
These methods existed. The problem was that when you added some code somewhere deep down in layers of layers of business code, you never knew whether the code you'd call would need to access that information or whether it had already previously been set.

Hiding state like that is IMHO just a recipe for disaster. Sure, if you just use global state for metrics or something, it may not be a big deal, but to use it for important business-critical code... no, please pass it around, so I can see at a glance (and with help from my compiler) which parts of the code need what kind of information.
A simple engine for converting any file to Markdown
How to monitor and debug Terraform (Terragrunt/OpenTofu) using OpenTelemetry
Hey folks, I wrote this guide on how to enable OpenTelemetry for Terragrunt when running Terraform/OpenTofu. It contains a few examples how I use it for debugging Terragrunt during my daily work. Let me know what you think!
Aangat Lahat: digital mutual aid (free+noncommercial email, file host, & more)
>The services under Aangat Lahat is my way of offering some sort of digital mutual aid that provides free online communications to people who want it. *Please know that this server is explicitly against capitalism, states, cops, fascists, racists, antisemitism, sexists, harassment, homophobia, transphobia, ableists, and zionists.*
Laws that are open to interpretation with drastic consequences if it's interpreted against your favour pose unacceptable risk to business investors and stifle innovation.
> Please show me where GDPR requires cookie banners.

That's the bit everyone forget. GDPR didn't ask for cookie banners at all. It asked for consent in case consent is needed.

And most of the time consent is not needed since I just can say "no cookies" to many websites and everything is just fine.
Prescribed by
Dumpster diving is one of those sub-cultures that is hard to commodify. One of my kids prefers the ethics of dumpster diving. What a privilege.
>I'm with you, I'm very surprised by the amount arguments which boil down to, "Well I can cheat and get away with it, so therefore I should cheat".

Have you seen the job market? Companies will treat you like garbage through the interview process, make you jump through pointless hoops, and then even if you get the job you can be laid off at any moment because of arbitrary reasons the CEO made up to get their bonus.

Why should anyone be honest when it goes entirely unappreciated and unrewarded? I can completely understand why people would cheat. When companies stop treating workers like garbage then they deserve honesty.
In general LLMs are going to lag behind what humans do in every domain. They need data to be absorbed and processed and that data comes from humans. In this way, they work the same way as search engines in the 2000's. Something new will take time to move up in search results, especially if there is a low rank assigned and the site might be untrusted.

I don't think of this as degradation, more that they will always lag behind the human content. Degradation would be more along the lines of if there is less and less training data being generated and the LLM has something wrong that would lead to degradation of usefulness.
What software do you dream about, but don't have the time to code yourself?
The US firearm mortality rate was 5x that of the nearest high-income countries in 2019 [0]. The US had 120 firearms per 100 people in 2018 with 80% of all homicides being gun-related [1].

Those statistics may not be wholly attributable to differences in gun laws but it seems a stretch to suggest they're unrelated.

[0] https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/us-midst-public-health-crisis...

[1] https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-41488081
All stories about Musk’s coup are. Disgusting. Where is dang?
A good read with great suggestions for Framer designers
> what's with all of the naming overlap in the AI world? Triton (Nvidia, OpenAI) and Gro{k,q} (X.ai, groq, OpenAI) all come to mind

They seem to be ok with outsourcing any and all creativity to a language model, so it’s not surprising that they can’t come up with unique names themselves.
I would hope any post like this has the insignificant details changed enough for the situation to be unrecognisable.
I would trust a security guard more. They have consequences for misconduct or failure to do their job. (Assuming they aren't an on-duty LEO who is "overemployed.")

Not enough that I think they'd protect me in a situation that requires a gun. Just more than a cop.
The artistic possibilities of this are really fascinating. Looking forward to what people come up with! Projection mapping interactive art is always mesmerizing
I am afraid Gemini's version is not really very "deep" - it surfaces a lot of information, but on a quite superficial level. OAIs version seems to make that one step forward to proper depth.

We found in our experience it is pretty hard to force LLM to do something in proper depth, and OAI's deep research definitely feels like one of the first examples from big labs on how this can be done.
What we typically see is that it is not even the "agent" part that is hard to do, but how to force model to not "forget" to go deep...
> "preventing themselves from accidentally mutating a variable" (when has that ever happened?)

I can't count the number of times I've seen someone new to the language use map::operator[] without realizing that it's a mutating operation.
I think the success we see despite ADHD is that people are bright enough or resourceful enough to brute force their way through schools and careers.

I had a vasectomy around age 30 knowing kids would make my life really difficult, I think for the same reasons you're seeing right now. It's a lot of responsibility and I frankly struggle to take care of myself as it is. I'd be a really good parent and I take phenomenal care of my partners, but my financial variability would cause me too much stress if I had a kid.
Nice. Open for a connection call? Working on a few chat related AI projects and would like to compare notes. AnthonyDavidAdams.com/call

Also does this support group chat?
He’s had a top secret security clearance since 2018.
I think kids will have a hard time learning and being smart with AI chewing everything for them.

I've read a few stories about parents questioning the over-use of AI from their child, adding to that I've seen my fair share of adult who cannot do anything without asking ChatGPT first.
Because the use of Bayesian models does not require Bayesian epistemology, which, unfortunately, a lot of people conflate.

Here is a decent paper by a statistician about this issue: https://arxiv.org/abs/1006.3868
Affer the shut down on YouTube, did you post them elsewhere? That way, people can still watch it.
Does anyone know alternatives to this? GUI Frontend for various AI providers? (incl. ollama, etc)
I suspect Twitter and Bluesky are heading to the dustbin. If each one becomes an opposing echo chamber, there are more efficient ways of distributing that kind of dialogue and content.
Nah, the new AI law likely has introduced unacceptable business risk to such things now. But we can always dream.
If the discussion here is meant to be solely about JavaScript, then I'll happily consider all my comments in this thread to be obsolete, since I don't have particularly strong opinions about that language since I don't use it a lot.

I was under the impression that many people here were discussing the usage of global variables more generally, though.
> And the people elected Trump as the President in part based on his promise to scrutinize how unelected civil servants were managing all this.

By having a bunch of unelected non civil servants run rampant? Having a guy who registered as a foreign agent of Turkey (Flynn) tweeting out details in a manner that could put people under threat? What line is there that they would cross that would concern you? If they ordered Muslims to swear loyalty oaths or leave that would be fine with you? Keep in mind in this discussion there is precisely one party that’s been threatened with death by Muslims and it’s not you.
It's great that none of these AI models are being foisted on us by advertising companies.
Ah, yes indeed, seems I'd misread it; sorry.

(Sheesh, WTF is that guy talking about??? Now not only "feature flag" doesn't mean anything any more, but "hardcoded" doesn't either!)
So the argument is that there may be some secret super compelling justification that for some reason can't be articulated, and, against all odds, hasn't been leaked, despite being telegraphed for months? Yeah, that's not plausible at all.
Show HN: Klarity – Open-source tool to analyze uncertainty/entropy in LLM output
We've open-sourced Klarity - a tool for analyzing uncertainty and decision-making in LLM token generation. It provides structured insights into how models choose tokens and where they show uncertainty.

What Klarity does:

- Real-time analysis of model uncertainty during generation
- Dual analysis combining log probabilities and semantic understanding
- Structured JSON output with actionable insights
- Fully self-hostable with customizable analysis models

The tool works by analyzing each step of text generation and returns a structured JSON:

- uncertainty_points: array of {step, entropy, options[], type}
- high_confidence: array of {step, probability, token, context}
- risk_areas: array of {type, steps[], motivation}
- suggestions: array of {issue, improvement}

Currently supports hugging face transformers (more frameworks coming), we tested extensively with Qwen2.5 (0.5B-7B) models, but should work with most HF LLMs.

Installation is simple:
`pip install git+https://github.com/klara-research/klarity.git`

We are building OS interpretability/explainability tools to visualize & analyse attention maps, saliency maps etc. and we want to understand your pain points with LLM behaviors. What insights would actually help you debug these black box systems?

Links:

- Repo: https://github.com/klara-research/klarity
- Our website: [https://klaralabs.com](https://klaralabs.com/)
>and have a pretty good balance of tech takes and some lighter life updates/humor in between

That's mostly what I want to avoid. Not that I'm not interested in humor, but I don't really care about the personal life of some random developer in the other side of the planet.

I was just trying to get a RSS like, relatively context dense feed to substitute reddit and other similar sites. But I'm not sure it's doable in any current social network.
Or just an update in yourtube's new algorithm.

YouTube have 114 million active channels.
A small error rate of 0.001% would kill 1000 channels.
It's not good enough just to be the fixer, your friend has the skill to advocate for themselves even to the degree of impressing an uninitiated third party. IMO the parent comment sounds like they're not doing this yet.
I agree with your assessment in the situation you describe: greenfielding a project with tools you are unfamiliar with. For me LLMs have worked best when my progress is hindered primarily by a lack of knowledge or familiarity. If I'm working on a project where I'm comfortable with my tools and APIs, they can still be useful from time to time but I wouldn't call it a "superpower", more like a regular productivity tool (less impactful than an IDE, I would say). Of course this comment could be outdated in a few months, but that's what it feels like to me in the here and now.
During covid links to the CDC that could be used by vaccine skeptics were flagged on Facebook. There was an actual problem with the fact-checking and it was often judged by who benefited from the information rather than the truth behind the information.
No one of sane mind accesses even one tenth of these on a daily basis.

They simply do not matter. For example - CLS-compatiblity, seriously? I'd return the favour and ask the interviewer why they disagree with the .NET's team stance that this lost relevance in early .NET versions more than a decade ago.

There are main framework and features to be aware of, there are some that may be relevant to legacy codebases you must avoid like fire, and there are those to which the only appropriate response would be "this never existed, if it did, forget about it".

(to Pjmlp - please do not equate knowing the terms with understanding them, and stop bringing up whatever was left by wayside of history to people who should have no business being bothered by this nonsense, thank you)
Maybe the tradeoff curves of most production systems do not tend to stray very far from this?
https://arxiv.org/html/2501.11317v1/extracted/6142676/fig2.p...

Nevertheless the very right-skewing curves they show have been published before.. maybe the breakthrough is in enabling a class of experiments that are easier to realize (since their model is described as being "minimal")

a more familiar analogy would be to the implementation of adiabatic logic approaching the Landauer limit. Not nearly simple enough to scale all the way to your pocket, but enough for nsf/DoD(?) to continue funding it.
It's not like the US doesn't have a problem with affordable housing, so I don't see how this plays any role in the divide.

Germany has plenty of applied research organizations, from universities (e.g. RWTH) to things like Fraunhofer. The funding schemes behind these organizations are horrible and I would argue that in many ways, they are machines to burn up potential. Even with all this, Germany has been doing okay on the publicly funded AI research front, but that is irrelevant. The US isn't leading because of publicly funded AI effort, but because of privately funded AI effort.
Even that is arguable. Subjective experience is probabilistic… kinda.
An article (in French) published this morning about the city of Paris monitoring the Seine River and just discovered DNA of three endengered mussel species. They also mention that there are ten times the number of fish species compared to 1960.

https://www.francetvinfo.fr/replay-radio/le-billet-vert/a-pa...
We need decentralized services that are not subject to the whims of whichever power hungry billionaire is in charge this week
Yet OP is the one who got a promotion, not a layoff. Good-boy points aren't transferable to other companies - but they do have value.
Abundant in asteroids means that it is dissolved in solid iron at slightly more than 1 gram per ton of iron.

It is obvious that you cannot bring back to Earth a thousand tons of iron with the purpose of extracting from it a kilogram of iridium worth only a few thousand $.

Good luck for the extraction in the conditions at the surface of an asteroid of the kilogram of iridium that can be obtained by processing a thousand tons of hard iron alloy.

That would need a really huge amount of energy and processing methods that do not exist yet.

The average concentration of platinum-group metals in the Earth's crust may be lower by more than a thousand times in comparison with asteroids, but here these metals are not dispersed uniformly but they are concentrated in places where their concentration is similar or better than in asteroids.

Moreover in these mining places the platinum-group metals are present as metallic nuggets or as sulfide minerals, which are much heavier and with different chemical properties than the surrounding minerals. Therefore they can be separated cheaply.

Even so, the platinum-group metals are still only seldom separated directly, but usually they are obtained as by-product of extracting other metals, like nickel or copper, because they are more concentrated in the waste products than in the original ore.

At this stage, while the cost of transportation to and from an asteroid can be estimated with a reasonable uncertainty, absolutely nobody is able to estimate the cost in energy and chemical substances for the extraction of plantinum-group metals or of any other valuable elements while on the surface of an asteroid.

Until someone demonstrates on Earth a feasible extraction method, determining thus the amount of energy and of various chemical substances that do not exist on the target asteroid, which are necessary per mass of recovered valuable chemical elements, any commercial company that claims to have the purpose of mining asteroids can only be a scam for investors, because nobody knows if such an activity can become profitable before a remote future, e.g. one hundred years from now, when none of the present investors would remain alive.

I am pretty certain that some time in a not distant future the mining of asteroids will happen, but it will be mostly for substances easy to extract and easy to use in space, like steel for building structures outside Earth, not for bringing anything back to Earth.
It should be noted that, at least for now, account migration can only go one way. That is, from the main Bluesky PDS to an external one. According to the documentation on account migration[0], they plan to enable incoming migrations at some point in the future, but there's no timeline.

I'm sure a big reason for this the possibility for abuse, since "migrating" an account is a different action than simply "creating" a new one

[0]: https://github.com/bluesky-social/pds/blob/main/ACCOUNT_MIGR...
In my experience the lack of correctness and accuracy (I have seen a lot of calls to hallucinated apis), is made up from the "eagerness" to fill out boilerplate.

It's indeed like having a super junior, drunk intern working for you if we are using the gps analogy.

Some work is done but you have to go over it and fix a bunch of things.
> Why does construction and destruction order need to be deterministic?

That question presupposes a particular compiler implementation of designated initializers. Indeed, C90 had the fixed-order requirement until C99 decided this was unnecessary and removed it.

> Well, consider what would happen if you had members whose value depends on other members.

Can you specify a designated initializer in that way, though? Either you specify a value, or you don't; I'm not aware of a way to introduce dependencies between members with a designated initializer. Yes, you can add a default initializer to a specific member, but that only kicks in if it's unspecified by the designated initializer.

With a constructor initializer list, sure, you can absolutely introduce dependencies on previously-constructed members. But that's not the case with a designated initializer.
It's not the job of the promotion software to reduce waste. There is plenty of other software and tools to help with that, but it isn't part of what I worked on.

There is demand forecasting software, and there are also logistics tools for things like tracking product temperature from farm to shelf to make sure it stays within the acceptable range...

Those are different tools though, and not the purpose of their TPM package.

So sure, there are absolutly knock on effects to anything you do. I don't think I am enabling these companies to sell any different products than they already were. All it does is find when the distributors or retailers are trying to say "you owe me $100k because I bought N of X product at Y price in the last month" and we know they are really only entitled to $70k, we give our customer the info to go talk to that distributor or retailer and say "here is why you are only getting $70k in rebates rather than what you said you were owed".

That works for any product, not just sugary drinks. We had some customers who sold medical supplies for example.

Tell yourself whatever you need to sleep at night though. You seem to just be a contrarian.
I disagree. The follow-ups definitely wasn't more of the same thing if that's what you were expecting, but I feel they were interesting, challenging and original, and I enjoyed them. YMMV.
We are truly dealing with immense sizes here, see [0]. I am not saying it is representative of all things, but that large corpora are sufficiently representative of
words and phrases in a language (and by extension, the words and phrases assoiciated with topics and ideas). In written form you may miss some slang, pidgins and dialects, but those would be underrepresented in other media as well.

[0]: https://epoch.ai/blog/will-we-run-out-of-data-limits-of-llm-...
That's a bad advice. Firstly, Google is known to ban developer accounts "by association". They will easily ban all of your copies all at once. Secondly, apps are identified by globally unique package IDs. If one account has claimed an ID, no other account can use it ever again. So even if you do republish your app, you have no way to make your existing users update to that version. It will be considered a different app both by Google Play and Android itself.
Multiple appearances, endless time wasted, and maybe four figures of expenses to show up in person is still not affordable.

And then you get Meta failing to show up, but asking for a set-aside afterwards because... they failed to show up.

It's aggressive customer contempt. This is someone's livelihood, possibly their entire livelihood, and these bobbleheads treat it like a joke.
Thanks for the reco
The NRA is absolutely in favor of constitutional carry [0] and permitless carry [1].

[0] https://www.shootingillustrated.com/content/constitutional-c...

[1] https://www.nraila.org/articles/20210413/texas-permitless-ca...
The extreme scenario:

I live in a home surrounded by miles of fields. There is no one within miles to hear me scream. Without a gun, anyone could come by my home, kill me, rob my home, and be gone before the police would even show up, if I even had a chance to call them. If I didn't call the police, they could literally move in and stay for months before anyone would notice.

The reason this does not happen is because everyone has a gun. Everyone knows I have a gun. If I see you coming on my property, I WILL shoot you. You don't know if the first shot will be a warning shot, birdshot, buckshot, or a 5.56×45mm NATO. You might get lucky and I might not spot you. Or you might be crippled for life. Without guns, crime is free. With guns, crime doesn't pay.

That's a scenario surprisingly common in rural America, parts of Appalachia, and other very low population density areas.

Now, I actually live in a dense city. There's a police station a few hundred yards away from virtually anywhere I might go. There are security cameras everywhere, thanks to Ring, Wyze, and friends. The city has a ShotSpotter system.

Crime rates are low, and more guns don't make me (personally) safer. Most of my neighbours want to ban them. However, I can understand there's a bias there.

As a footnote: If it were possible to hold clear conversation, I think there are solutions which work for everyone. However, people talk across each other.
Comcast charges me $119 for 1.2gbps with a cap. If I want to remove the cap it's an additional $30. Highway robbery with these assholes
I'm not completely opposed, but the ones that seem to be worth the effort are still very expensive. The advantage of the flip phone is that it is cheap and durable.

If I need something more robust, I have a laptop. If the flip phone can get me decent internet, I'm good. And if I need something like map directions while I'm driving, well, I can keep my iPhone and just connect it to WiFi.