skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> In pretty much every "Unicode string" library/language type I've seen, each individual codepoint is a "character"

languages are actually really inconsistent on what they count as a unicode character: https://hsivonen.fi/string-length/

(I don't broadly disagree with you on unicode support, just linking an article relevant to that claim)
Skimming over it, it looks like it's just been expanded out way more than what most guides would do. Like other guides would use a paragraph or two for what this one has spread over several sections with extra examples.
>he didn't even

That "even" is doing a lot of work here. Its not very common for presidents to get the majority of the vote, I don't even think Hillary had a greater portion in 2016 than Trump in 2024. So, not counting that 1% of those who didn't vote for D or R, Trump won a clean majority of the vote, incontestably. Why this is hard for you to accept, I have no idea. It seems like an inability to face facts.

The Democrats, the State Department, the FBI, all these guys, a lot of them are just Princeton, Yale humanities graduates who read Derrida in college. You treat them like gods. And Trump is just some doofus who has strange ideas, no care or respect for the norms espoused by those political elite, and despises any contest to his authority. I have nothing against Ivy league kids, but its clear that the only reason you've been convinced to support them without compromise, while they tend to live relatively comfortable and secure lives compared to the vast majority of people in America, is because you're not one of them. Neither is Trump, not really, neither are most of his supporters; they look down on you. Is it a ruse? Of course, but so was the alternative.
I Radio Controlled My Car (10 min video)
Figure drops OpenAI in favor of in-house models
What about the parking!? My human rights!!
I don't necessarily disagree with not having a string type in a low level language, but you seem very fixated on needing a character type. Why not just have string be an opaque type, and have functions to iterate over code points, grapheme clusters, etc.?
Typeclasses are conceptual interfaces. They don’t have anything to do with vtables.
It sounds like it needs to be higher than 3x then
The example given isn't that great. Here's a significantly more common one:

var age = get_string_from_somewhere();
var age = parse_to_int(age);

Without same-scope shadowing you end up with the obnoxious:

var age_string = get_string_from_somewhere();
var age = parse_to_int(age_string);

Note that your current language probably does allow shadowing: in nested scopes (closures).
The biggest problem with large numbers of people moving to another country lies in the bureaucratic bottle neck they all must pass through. Expect to spend several months to several years before you are done. When I moved to Mexico, it took me about half a year to get through the preparation and the initial paperwork. Once I was in the country there were additional fees and paperwork before I received a permanent resident permit several years later.

If large numbers of people want to move, expect requirements to get steeper as people in the receiving country begin to worry about the consequences of a large influx of foreigners. Expect the required personal qualifications to get stiffer, expect the fees to get steeper, and expect the delays for bureaucratic approvals to get longer due to the increased workload.

In many countries you would not have to move immediately, so a good plan might be to get approval now rather than when things get tough.

Expect misinformation and changing requirements and procedures. Expect false steps and mistakes. You'l want to get as much information as early as practical so you can make realistic plans. Even then patience and flexibility are required.

In summary, do it now because if you don't, it may not be practical later.
Is there a copy/video of your talk, or a similar one you recommend?
There is no nebulous 'character' type. There are bytes, codepoints and glyphs. All languages with Unicode support allow iterating over each for a given string.
> GitHub

Let's not mix up issues though.

Removing 'master' in git has much less justification than removing master/slave terminology.
Silly question, but on that last point, why? (I can't imagine, but I'm unimaginative.)
I 100% agree that the biggest damage Trump has done (so far) is normalizing a new (toxic/noxious) behavior for politicians.

And everyone in the US should try to remember, every day, that this is NOT normal, and it should not become the new normal.

I was being provocative a bit, to help remember it CAN get worse and we shouldn’t just ride it out.
In this case (i.e. Rust specifically) what do unboxed generics mean. Without actually knowing Rust I don’t think I can analogize to either type theory or another language. I assume if I can figure out what they are I infer why they are difficult to compile.
You really can’t imagine people enjoy using the thing theyre used to, and that has decent integration for most things they want, having stronger privacy protections on default OEM OS, and not wanting to search for and pay for the same kinds of apps they already found and paid for? Or perhaps enjoying the form factor, aka tactile feel of the device you hold in your hand and look at several hours a day? Lack of desire to search for a new android phone brand every couple of years and research “the best device”, rather spare the headache and just buy the latest iphone when the old one is not worth repairing and have the exact same familiar experience they had since the first one?

You can’t imagine someone preferring an iphone for one of those reasons? or some other? It has to be “apple users need to be special”, troll?
Literally one guy proposed an amendment in an attempt to brown nose his boss.

It has practically zero support and has an actual zero chance of being ratified.
I fear there's going to be a lot more cyberattacks on the US in the coming years.
Given that Musk-apparatchiks have already begun talking about creating new systems to centralize and cross-reference personal information of US citizens [0], as opposed to stats like grain prices... I'd worry about some kind of... Oh, I dunno, perhaps a new "Records Agency". [1]

[0] https://www.404media.co/things-are-going-to-get-intense-how-...

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stasi_Records_Agency
Can you go into more detail? Redis supports counters: https://redis.io/glossary/storing-counters-in-redis/
It’s been a feature in languages for at least half a century. Scheme’s lexical scoping supported it in 1975, and Lisp adopted that.
For me not having strings in Zig and being forced to use the fairly verbose '[]const u8' syntax every time I need a string was a little annoying at first, but it has had the effect of making me comfortable with the idea of buffers in a general sense, which is critical in systems programming. Most of the things that irked me about Zig when first learning it (I'm only a few weeks into it) have grown on me.
Location:Alabama, USA

Remote:Yes

Willing to relocate:Yes

Technologies: Python(FastAPI, Flask and Django) C# Asp.net core, Ruby(Automation/Scripting); Databases(MySQL, PostgreSQL, SQL Server, MongoDB);

10 years of experience with Web Development, Cybersecurity, Application Support and Product Management.

Willing to work with languages like Haskell, nim or crystal

Languages: Portuguese, English

Résumé/CV: https://github.com/love-hurts-see-on-us-today

Résumé/CV: https://github.com/love-hurts-on-us-sub-engliss

Email:kemluda33@gmail.com
> Not arguing too hard but people do have to spend some money to live regardless…

This isn't about a decision to buy bread and milk for your breakfast. It's about the decision on whether you invest in a grocery store vs let your money sit in a bank. If doing nothing is more profitable than doing something then society as a whole will gravitate towards generating no economic activity. This has disastrous consequences because the majority of people in a society do not have the luxury of having investments to live off their dividends.
Let's do it via New Zealand, it's $600 plus you wait about 6 months.
Well, he's not removing the deep state -- but buying them out.
The likelihood of the JavaScript trademark bringing any real benefit to Oracle in the future is close to zero, but the legal costs of taking it to court are significant. For the sake of mere spite and mean-spiritedness they seem to be trying to waste the company's money.
Can you ship via non-USPS couriers? FedEx, etc?
Triggering a psychotic episode is a very dangerous thing as it can turn into permanent psychosis. That's one of the dangers of cannabis and LSD.
Show HN: Tool to backup GitHub repos to local mirrors; (also self hostable)
I don't understand why this is surprising to people. Most private companies will use any proprietary technology for profits and renege on their earlier comments.
It’s not out of jealousy.

Many people believe investment bankers are a net negative for society.

In the case of lawyers, a necessary evil. I have respect for people, not a profession.
I'm not American.

Are these people not concerned of the effects of emptying out CIA and FBI?
Why? Again, what do you think is the current alternative? The previous administration was basically letting israel do whatever it wants, so again, I'm not sure what's your point?

The only thing that was going to happen was Israel taking control over Gaza as a whole. Do you actually believe that that would've been better than American troops acting as a (very weak, for sure) tampon between the IDF and Gaza? As you said, the worst that can happen is Israel getting its way in Gaza anyways... but that's exactly what was going to be happening given the complete inaction from every (relevant) nation/state.

There's no lesson to learn from what I said. And I'm way past the point of having any delusions that something better could've happened for Gaza at this point. Westerner idealism is fine sometimes, but in this case, no one cares about Gaza. No country was going to save Gaza from Israel, and no one was going to stop Israel from doing anything it wanted to do there. In fact, no western nation was even willing to even just condemn Israel. That's just the reality.

I guess the previous administration made Americans feel better by just looking the other way while fully supporting the deaths of the Palestinian population? Like what's the lesson to be learnt here?
Drone + AI weapons have horrible applications - remote assassinations to cause political chaos, a tyrant using it to selectively target those unfavourable to his rule without worrying about human checks, bigger nations exploiting smaller ones etc.

Lot of this thread has reduced the issue to whether it is more ethical for one country to deploy relative to others. In any case, a lot of countries will have this capability. A lot of AI models are already openly available. The required vision and reasoning models are being developed currently for other uses. Weaponization is not a distant prospect.

Given that, the tech community should think about how to tackle this collective major problem facing humanity. There was a shift, which happened to nuclear scientists, from when they were developing the bomb to the post World War situation when they started thinking about how to protect the planet from a MAD scenario.

Important questions - What would be good defense against these weapons? Is there a good way of monitoring whether a country is deploying this - so that this can be a basis for disarmament treaties? How do citizens audit government use of such weapons?
The open thing is that the person doing the thing is allowed a greater say to strategy IMO.
It looks like the census API has been down for at least 8hrs now (according to the time of this Reddit post reporting the issue: https://www.reddit.com/r/epidemiology/comments/1ihrmyi/us_ce...)
Or it's going to save you a ton because you are not spending money on frivolous shit.
> You can easily capture the error and conditionally handle it

Sure. But the compiler won't help you check that your function only throws the errors that you think it does, or that your try block is handling all the errors that can be thrown inside it.
Over the years, I’ve wasted 1-2 days of my life debugging bugs caused by unintentional variable shadowing in Go (yes, I’ve kept track). Often, the bug is caused by an accidental use of := instead of =.
I don’t understand why code that relies on shadowing isn’t harder to follow.
Wish I could disable it entirely.
Telling people how violent the police are tends to get applause in some circles online, but spreading misinformation that you can't get away with exercising your rights is pretty straightforwardly pro-police propaganda. The vast majority of police officers in the US will not kick you if you say you don't want to talk to them.
"31 Amphibious Ships are 'Not Enough,' Expert Says" [0]

I guess the US is about to invade Cuba.

[0] https://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/articles/2023/4/5/31...
Having RW permissions doesn’t mean this kid is different from the other engineers working on the project, or that he can circumvent check-in policies regarding code reviews and signoff.
> I regularly conduct 2 hr long "Intro to the Git Data Model" courses at my workplace (1-2 times a year)

Does the course material (and perhaps any recordings) have any proprietary information or constraints to prevent you from sharing it publicly? Is this based on something that’s publicly available yet concise enough to fit within two hours? If yes, please share (perhaps in this thread and as a post submission on HN).

I’m asking because I believe that there can never be enough variety of training materials that handle a topic with different assumptions, analogies, focus, etc.
Light text on light background for max pain. Still I will read it though. Frankly, I commend anyone who is willing to work long-term on massive projects by themselves like this. I find it inspiring since all my projects are like this tbh.

Seems like frameworks were a major problem for the project. I get it. Sometimes if you're too early you end up having to build not only your project but a small ecosystem of things to support it.

Here's the software they ended up making which looks frigging cool: https://signal.vercel.app/
> The issue though is with the way it’s being done. Giving it the most charitable take, it’s at best reckless. No oversight, no transparency.

Yes, spot on, I think this is very accurate and truthful.

I'm just trying to differentiate between "the government is wasteful, and here's the careful and prudent way to make it better" and "the government isn't very wasteful and we should avoid even talking about the possibility".
Having just gone down this road in C#, the way Unicode is now handled is via "runes".

Each rune may be comprised of various Unicode characters, which may themselves be 1-4 bytes (in the case of utf-8 encoding).

The one problem I have with this approach is that all of the categorization features operate a level below the runes, so you still have to break them up. The biggest drawback is that, at least in my (admittedly limited) research, there is no such thing as a "base" character in certain runes (such as family emojis- parents with kids). You can mostly dance around it with the vast majority of runes, because one character will clearly be the base character and one (or more) will clearly be overalys, but it's not universal.
This was over 10 years ago, but iirc the primary demographic was what you might expect: 20s to mid-30s living in urban areas, skewing lower on that spectrum.

Our data was almost identical to the article, showing the same imbalances.
Homemade Copper Oxide Thermoelectric Generator Can Light an LED (2011)
So… what is the actual basis for why this is the most likely explanation?

What you’ve written doesn’t automatically become so out of all possible explanations, it needs to actually be demonstrated…

Usually via a series of logic, inferences, estimations, etc…
Again, my initial comment here (<https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42939581>), and go through some of dang's many comments for where he draws the line.

(I'm not dang, I'm not a mod, just something of a student of how HN (dys)functions over the years. Which is generally far above the online norm, not that the bar isn't low.)
Well first, that's not git, that's some other GUI giving its own interface to git. The majority of the time my co-workers have a git problem, it's because their GUI tool has done something weird without telling them exactly what it did - one of theirs has a "Sync Branch" button which he'd click on whenever the IDE highlighted it, and I have no idea what that's even supposed to do, but I think it was some sort of rebase.

Without knowing for sure what was going on and whether your friend was describing it using the right verbs, I'm thinking (0) didn't pull in the changes ("fetch" instead of "pull") so (1) didn't merge in any new commits, but (4) did advance master, causing it to diverge from what was on the server. Then (6) probably decided to be helpful and did a force-push instead of a regular push so it wouldn't fail on the user. That would cause the server to have your friend's changes, but be missing anything that had been pushed to master after they started working on their branch.
I honestly don't see how anyone who has used a language with both unions and interfaces could come up with anything else that makes dynamic types better.

Either way you need to fulfill the contract, but I'd much prefer to find out I failed to do that at compile time.
I'm talking about the phone. You can't access this app without an iPhone.
Just some feedback.

I think you can build another package on top of this that reduces prompt/messages length or filters based on in-memory vector search or your matching algo. This would be advertised as - "make sure your prompts don't go over ___", or reduce your prompt input tokens by __ based on the last message ny tbe user.
This is really clever and elegant. Thanks for building it.
As opposed to apples non open source solution that requires device authentication on apple owned servers... I think none of them really care about interoperability here, or they would release something open and able to do e2ee instead of this dance. I mean signal protocol is right there and available to everyone.
“Other than extremely rare exceptions, you must be a U.S. citizen in order to work for NASA as a civil service employee.”

https://www.nasa.gov/careers/how-to-apply
Is there a myth that makes that claim? Virtually every take I've heard is that Zig is "safe enough" while giving developers more control over memory and actually, it's specifically better for cases where you must write unsafe code, as it's not possible to express all programs in safe Rust.
What do you think an algorithm is? This weird criticism is kind of a "tell", for what it's worth. Ciphers are algorithms. This is unnecessarily combative. I'm disappointed by your posts in this thread, because they're low on substance an high on posturing.
I regard Israel's actions in Gaza as genocidal, and I think it's now going to increase 10x. Your belief that the US is just talking big and won't actually do any of the insane stuff Trump is talking about is imho wildly misplaced. This is an unpleasant thing to say but I don't know how to put it any other way.
Show HN: I downloaded Apple's jobs data because I hate their search UI
It's a great question. You can get high CBD strains now (it's getting dubbed "type 3") and you get the body relaxation and calming effects but none of the mental impact.

There aren't many studies on what are the real impacts of CBD.
There are some small airports that don’t have an ATC. You could start with those
And how thousands of lines of C, below, to actually get the work done?
> Shares in Alphabet were down around 7% in after-hours trading following the earnings report, paring much of this year’s gains of about 8%.

https://www.wsj.com/tech/alphabet-googl-q4-earnings-report-2...
I know it's absolutely not the point of your post and you don't mean 15 years as a literal prediction but I thought about it anyway and damn, 15 years is pretty optimistic. Think about how long it took China to become a manufacturing giant. It would take the US even longer to get back to that. The US would have to do what China did, with additional challenges such as:

- overcoming environmental regulations

- a more disjointed government that changes hands every 4 or 8 years

- competition from, well, China

- US dollar making exports very challenging because of strength relative to yuan

etc

it would take, honestly, more like 30-50 years and/or a true forcing function like a world war (heaven forbid)
All the AI-in-a-box research turns out to be useless, because no one even bothers with the box.
> Replacing the value of one variable constantly throughout the code could lead to unpredictable bugs.

Having variables with scopes that last longer than they're actually used and with names that are overly long and verbose leads to unpredictable bugs, too, when people misuse the variables in the wrong context later.

When I have `initial_foo`, `foo_feature_a`, and `foo_feature_b`, I have to read the entire code carefully to be sure that I'm using the right `foo` variant in subsequent code. If I later need to drop Feature B, I have to modify subsequent usages to point back to `foo_feature_a`. Worse, if I need to add another step to the process—a Feature C—I have to find every subsequent use and replace it with a new `foo_feature_c`. And every time I'm modifying the code later, I have to constantly sanity check that I'm not letting autocomplete give me the wrong foo!

Shadowing allows me to correctly communicate that there is only one `foo` worth thinking about, it just evolves over time. It simulates mutability while retaining all the most important benefits of immutability, and in many cases that's exactly what you're actually modeling—one object that changes from line to line.