skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Show HN: Rapier – Generate Dagger Modules from Annotations for Config Data
Hey HN!

I built Rapier, a code-generation companion library to Dagger that Dagger modules automatically from annotations to eliminate boilerplate code when pulling configuration data from sources like environment variables, system properties, AWS SSM Parameter Store, and CLI arguments.

Why Rapier?

Dagger is a powerful dependency injection framework, but setting it up to handle configuration data can get tedious and repetitive. Rapier solves this by generating Dagger modules directly from annotations, saving time and reducing errors.

For example, with this Dagger interface:

@Component(modules = {RapierExampleComponentEnvironmentVariableModule.class})
public interface ExampleComponent {
@EnvironmentVariable(value = "TIMEOUT", defaultValue = "30000")
long timeout();
}

Rapier generates the RapierExampleComponentEnvironmentVariableModule module automatically to retrieve the TIMEOUT environment variable (or use the default 30000 if it’s not set) and convert it to long.

Key Features

Out-of-the-box integrations for: Environment variables (@EnvironmentVariable), System properties (@SystemProperty), AWS SSM Parameters (@AwsSsmStringParameter), CLI arguments (@CliPositionalParameter, etc.)

Supports type conversion (e.g., String -> int, boolean, or custom types)

Easily testable with generated test constructors to inject test data.

Works seamlessly with core Dagger features (components, modules, lazy providers, etc.)

Why Beta?

I’m already using it in production on some of my other projects, so I’m pretty confident it works well, at least for simple use-cases. But Rapier is still in Beta releases, primarily I’m not absolutely sure all the major design decisions are worked out yet, and there may be some non-backwards compatible changes to the user-facing annotations.

Try it out!

Rapier is open source (https://github.com/aleph0io/rapier), and in Maven Central.

I Want Your Input!

I would love your feedback, questions, or suggestions—especially around other configuration sources you’d like to see supported! Even just comment here or a vote on the Rapier roadmap (https://github.com/orgs/aleph0io/projects/11/views/1) would be very helpful to help me prioritize new features! And let me know if you want any tweaks, too!

Other Interesting Things

Some of you Java geeks may also find some of the code and technologies used in Rapier interesting as well.

Detailed Dagger assumptions testing https://github.com/aleph0io/rapier/tree/main/rapier-assumpti...

Annotation processor (e.g., https://github.com/aleph0io/rapier/blob/main/rapier-environm...)

Using Google compile-testing to test the build and run of Java applications during unit testing (e.g., https://github.com/aleph0io/rapier/blob/main/rapier-environm...)
Yeah, their estimates makes no sense.

They say :

> As of January 2025, Midjourney has nearly 20 million daily active users.

No, its the total number of users on the Discord server.
Completely different than "daily active".

They say :

> assuming each user executes one prompt per hour in average

To be more realistic (most humans sleeping for a few hours each day...) it should be 24 prompts per day on average.

Sure, some users can make a lot of queries each day, but I don't see how a regular user would need 96 images each day.

So those figures makes no sense since they are based on wrong ones in the first place, and also completely irrealistic asumptions.
As always: Shock/outrage != surprise. We should be shocked and outraged by evil deeds, regardless of how clearly forecasted.
Wow, the 90s came back to visit us at HN :) So funni.

Did quick scroll through the results, none of them seem to find the correct joke (none of the links even include "Spain" for me). Try again :)

For the record, this is what I see: https://i.imgur.com/XdsBGfM.png (no links to HN?)
What if we built more nuclear reactors and solar and wind farms... and then didn't use it to power LLMs, but instead were able to use less fossil fuels? :-)
If both are selling ~all the GPU's they can manufacture, at high prices - then no incriminating communication (let alone an agreement) is needed for both to keep raking in the profits.
If something uses electricity then the footprint is mostly about the source of that electricity.

Solar, Wind and nuclear are magnitudes cleaner than fossil fuels.

So, the correct answer is to clean up the grid. Which is relatively easy and cheap and impacts many fields outside AI, further speeding us down the cost curve to cheaper cleaner power.

And once that is happening, you can start moving things that don't even use electricity at the moment like transport, heating and industrial processes to electrical usage. That task, which we should do because it's cheaper and cleaner and will prevent catastrophic climate change, will require advanced nations to double their electricity usage so data center usage is not really moving the needle.
My bet is there's no such thing as 'too efficient' in this space. If you can get a very good model on a small device, it's going to be totally amazing on a huge GPU.
Exactly! There probably is a disconnect in perception driven by political agenda like the essay suggests, but Americans who exist in the real world and not in the quirky stock market graphs world know that how well the stock market is doing is more and more disconnected from how well the average American is doing. The phenomenon in the article can in large part explained by rampant wealth inequality.
You should look at 2-socket mid-range models of any generation you'd like to use. Higher end models are generally specialized CPUs for certain domains (HPC, banking, etc.), so they're generally hotter.

If you're not going to go full-throttle all day, every day, having SMP is good. For an homelab environment, I think 65W-95W band is ideal if you want to keep noise and heat output manageable.

While it brings some performance hit, enabling frequency-scaling (SpeedStep in older parlance) is beneficial. Using a 2U server will bring noise lower since you won't be using, counter propeller, 10KRPM 40-50mm fans.

If you want especially quiet servers when they're not under load, look at Dell PowerEdge. They run like sleeping cats when idle / lightly loaded, but scream like an agitated parrot if you heat them up.

Lastly, a good way to maximize performance without too much power consumption is using an "optimal" RAM configuration which utilizes all channels with homogeneous RAM modules.
> It has just been empirically proven that the market value of the developers working on GPT is actually dramatically lower than the payment they got.

Completely and absolutely false, there is no "empirical proof" of this. And this is just post-hoc reasoning, it is extremely easy to just look down the past after everything is already settled. It was OpenAI developers that researched that technology and implemented it first, DeepSeek was made AFTER it, it was already benefiting from the GPT technology in the first place (they even probably used it as a material to make more training data, as almost all current models used).
This link is fascinating. I had no idea that the U.S. government definition of small business was so elaborate. I asked ChatGPT, and it turns out there are 978 industries, covered by 102 different size standards! Why did they come up with this? If a company meets their criteria, it can qualify for government contracts, loans, grants, advocacy programs and more.

According to ChatGPT:

To come up with this list, the U.S. Census Bureau provides detailed information on industries, including employment, revenue, and business structure. SBA economists analyze factors like average firm size, capital intensity, and industry concentration to determine reasonable thresholds for “small businesses.” They study the competition between small and large businesses in federal procurement, considering small businesses’ ability to compete for contracts. The annual budget for the SBA is $1 billion. This does not include $50 billion in various loan programs.

Here's a link to the ChatGPT session: https://chatgpt.com/share/6798e036-7f9c-8008-9190-b704d1cde5...

The U.S. Small Business Administration is a big operation!
It's interesting that this article seems to be written under the assumption that the AI was entirely correct and Qeyeon Tolbert is the murderer, but the pesky fact that the police used a magic guessing box to identify him is a mere formality that's getting in the way of justice.

Innocent until proven guilty eh?
Now that you bought, he will dump! :-P
Here is one I created right now using chatgpt in under two minutes.

I need to look for a new career! :)

https://yet-another-pomodoro-timer.netlify.app/
Supply and demand. Intel isn't happy with how many of these CPUs it's been able to sell, while Nvidia cannot produce enough GPUs to meet demand.
Removed from what?
I did not see an anti-ad blocker prompt on Firefox Mobile with uBO.
> Is Trump setting up Taiwan to become economically irrelevant and thinking to just let China take it over?

From another report:

> Jan 28 (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump plans to impose tariffs on imported computer chips, pharmaceuticals and steel, he said on Monday, to push companies to manufacture more in the United States.

* https://www.reuters.com/world/trump-tariffs-chips-drugs-woul...

Personally, if I were running TSMC, I wouldn't add more production capacity in the US other than what's already in progress out of spite.

If Americans (or their rulers) want to pay extra for the same product and re-ignite inflation that's their prerogative.
The article's subtitle ("They are still more expensive than AMD's competing EPYC, though.") seems to directly contradict the article. Perhaps I missed something in it, but a few times the article discusses how "Intel's Xeon 6 CPUs are now cheaper than AMD's latest EPYC 'Genoa' processors both in absolute numbers and in terms of per-core pricing" and "Intel's Xeon 6900P-series processors are now cheaper than AMD's EPYC 9600-series CPUs in per-core pricing."

Is the subtitle simply wrong? The only way I can make sense of it is to suppose it refers to the price if you actually attempt to acquire a Xeon as opposed to the MSRP (if that is even the right term in this space).
The cultural shift against smoking cigarettes over the last 2 decades has been fun to watch. Ironically, at the same time there has been an acceptance of smoking weed. You get dirtier looks and more likely to be harassed smoking a cigarette than you would smoking weed, regardless of place and time of day.

Not that one is better than the other per-se. But I just find it baffling how acceptable it is to see someone publicly smoking weed at 7am on a weekday. What does this guy's day look like? How can he function high all day? At least bottomless brunch is reserved for the weekend.
We also need to consider that AI is being used as a replacement for things that use a lot less energy. Like, someone "asking ChatGPT" for a simple question is using a lot more energy then using a traditional search engine. This gets worse when AI is shoehorned into random stuff, thus making that stuff less efficient.
You're on the dot here. Most people are looking at it wrong. Someone here once put it succinctly - Nvidia isn't selling GPUs, it's selling Infiniband clusters. The whole NVLink/CUDA ecosystem is the key, and a mass of separate players (Cerebras, Google TPUs for inference, Mojo for CUDA, AMD/Intel/Huawei etc for GPUs, etc) are very unlikely to break that. In fact NVLink is so powerful, based on the DeepSeek paper it appears to be nerfed (classic Nvidia market segmentation strategy), and a big part of squeezing their compute was hacking around that.

That said, the reason I don't invest Nvidia is that they're selling one more thing - AI legitimacy. Every tech shop is buying Nvidia because all their CEOs need to go to the board and say, we've got so and so AI strategy. Sure as hell Meta isn't spending 50 billion a year because AI makes them so much damn money (supposedly ML saved their ass when Apple put on App Tracking Transparency, but 99% suds it's not the ML that needs a gigawatt GPU cluster to run). And the very real calculus for investors/CEOs is that if DeepSeek made this on a thousandth of the budget (conflicting reports but high probably DS has a fraction of the compute), whYs stopping Zuckerberg from taking 10B of that capex spend and offering every name on that DeepSeek paper a 10 million salary?
I got a bunch of HP DL360 Gen8 and an oooold cheesegrater Mac Pro 4.1. These things are a dime a dozen because it all is/was enterprise gear - your best bet is to check out IT resellers, they live and breathe on quickly passing through inventory.
I'm gonna ask the same thing I asked when some city in Spain did this.

What happens to people who live in non smoking apartments and don't have private outdoor space to smoke?

I'm not sure what a "reasonable" carve out for these people would look like but people aren't idiots and they tend to resent individuals, groups and institutions that make their daily behavior unlawful with the stroke of a pen and the more policy subjects on which you do that the more resentment you build and eventually it starts road blocking other actions. Doing things that way is not what sustainable government looks like.

(edit: Disclaimer before anyone jumps down my throat, obviously the political realities of public policy and compliance are different in Japan than in the west.)
Correct me if I'm wrong, but Jevons paradox says nothing about profits from selling coal, the growth rates of coal consumption, etc.

Nvidia currently has ~75% margins and ~90% growth. If either of those nobs get turned down slightly, their valuation can tank.

Which is what happened.

If Nvidia's 10-year growth forecast went from ~40% per year (29x in 10 years) to ~30% per year (14x in 10 years) - that's a 50% smaller future company you're expecting.

It's still great for Nvidia. It's just LESS great than people thought before, which means their market cap comes down a ton.

That's what you're all forgetting.
Geopolitics is a complex system. Having lots of factual and historical information to inform your decision is not obviously an advantage over a guess based on a cursory read of the situation.

It is like economists - they have 0 predictive power vs. some random bit player with a taste for stats when operating at the level of a country's economy. They're doing well if they can even explain what actually happened. They tend to get the details right but the big picture is an entirely different kettle of fish.

Geopolitics is much harder to work with than economics, because it covers economics plus distance and cultural barriers even before the problem of leaders doing damn silly things for silly reasons. And unlike economics there is barely the most tenuous of anchors to check if the geopolitical "experts" get things right even with hindsight. I'd bet the people who sent the US into Afghanistan and Iraq are still patting themselves on the back for a job well done despite what I think most people could accept as the total failure of those particular expeditions.
To be fair, I recently posted a prolonged Anthropic complete API outage (when Sonnet 3.5 was best in town) and it got zero traction, so it's not unimaginable.

Agreed it's a bit suprising though.
Which investors, specifically, were looking for a significant event to pop the obvious bubble?

Investors who were actually invested, or onlookers with FOMO who hadn't invested yet?

While I think the "AI" companies invested in are overpriced*, I think the market as a whole hasn't even begun to price in the changes in store across non-tech sectors and industries even if LLMs were to advance no further than now, with all additional progress at the prompting and agentic levels.

* Even here, Jevons paradox applies. So what's being called "priced for perfection" may actually be priced for business as usual with multiplied demand.
> We are not decomissioning non-renewables and replacing with renewables.

Perhaps not in the US, but in the EU (including previously the UK) it definitely was happening due to the Large Combustion Plant Directive.
Why would they. Majority of open source is just enabling the big players to produce software a little bit faster.
Thats an awesome idea, didnt know Red Pajama yet.
Two points:

* Technically the data is probably there, but I really don't think you want back-up ops invoked by your REST call to /getUserHistory/. Is it even possible to mix old data and new data within the same SQL expression?

* The DB is still a god object at the centre of your system. It doesn't give you consistency across partner systems and end users. If a partner sends the event CustomerBanned(2025-02-04, 1234) and you try to translate it into CRUD with 'UPDATE Customer SET Banned=True WHERE id=1234' it could fail (or worse - be rejected by an invariant for "data integrity" reasons) and then it's gone. If you just blindly write the event, then you always know that fact about customer 1234 in any future query.
It was really amazing to see how little smoking is visible in Tokyo and Osaka these days, even taking vaping into account. I don't know what the smoking/vaping rates are, but it's increasingly confined to homes or small smoking areas which makes things much nicer if you're a non-smoker.

The fine is small, but I think in Japan the shame is probably the real punishment - 1000 yen might buy you two beers in a bar.
Interview with DeepSeek Founder: We're Done Following. It's Time to Lead
What happens with excess hardware that’s been already bought? It could take years for all of that to be absorbed by smaller companies. And secondly, if this opens the era of self-training models then why go for a 671B one and not a smaller that’s fine-tuned to a company’s specific needs and can then run on consumer GPUs. At 70B with 8-bit quantization you’re good with just three 3090s.
Sunsetting Rise
Benexl, the person who also wrote the beautiful and featureful yt-x for browsing youtube. You can rely on this guy to make a gorgeous terminal UI.
I was talking about AMD's GPUs. These aren't as performant or in high demand as Nvidia. Not by a long shot.

Nvidia has 9x(!) the discrete GPU marketshare as AMD. Nine times! AMD cutting prices would help them increase that.
> perfectly

That's a joke, right? If you tried to live in this world, as a human being, not in some abstract database-building sense, you'd be completely lost in the first second of your existence, and would probably die in minutes because your body parts would "forget" how to function properly.

We make sense of the world because we have "object permanence", which requires the concept of larger things made up of components, with multiple possible configurations. This object identity is what allows to understand that you can do things like "type on a keyboard" (a keypress that changes the physical configuration of the keyboard doesn't destroy it, it's still a keyboard, just slightly different, but functionally equivalent to the one you had a moment ago).

If all you can do is transitions, you don't know upon transitioning if you still have a keyboard you are typing on or not. This also means that if you want to be able to function somehow in this world, then after each transition, you'd have to reassess all properties of all interesting aspects of the world just to make sure they are still there.

Only in very restricted number of cases can you use append-only log as a useful model. And you'd be bending over backwards with this approach when modeling trivial things, like a realtor business or an online book store.
Japan is already pretty deep into the smokefree thing. Crazy proof about how adaptive the Japan team is
You're correct, my understanding is that AMD has now the Epyc Turin released, Genoa is a 2022 product.
In every org I've worked with, we had a local dependency mirror in the GitOps architecture.
Because sensible people just use the cloud at this point, you can probably get several years of training for $6000
Is that right? Was there some kind of ceiling at 3.2 GHz?
> For 20 million users

So basically, if we want to help the environment, we should replace people with AI
With the DeepSeek news, how much will that AI stake be worth?
Hey there, this is being fixed — premium members will retain access to TOTP code generation in a free organization.
>Is it not still better to just avoid using all this energy though?

No, especially if there are ulterior motives of mUh eViL IA!111!1!one! as alluded to by parent commenter.

If people have problems with "AI" they should bring forth their concerns frankly on their merits, not coat it with tHiNk Of dA kIdZ! and appeal to emotions.

>Just because people waste a bunch of energy, water, wood, etc doesn't justify using it however you want,

Whoever "wastes" them is paying for them, generally speaking. If they really are concerned about the waste they'll stop of their own accord.
I imagine it's related to what Sunshine/Moonlight is compatible with.

In terms of codecs, Pi4 is the best option (out of the Pi family) for hardware video decoders, Pi5 removed some hardware decoders which is unfortunate.
Maybe these people can use one of these bags, but inside-out? [1]

[1] https://www.reddit.com/r/mildlyinteresting/comments/zultws/i...
I was thinking more completely self contained. Did some research and seems it might be possible with xterm + webcontainer.
> Plus it’s not like there are Democrats doing anything to fight it.

Can you enumerate some of the things that they could do, given recent actions have all been Executive Orders, which is the prerogative of the Executive branch.

Unless things start happening in the legislature, where perhaps things like filibustering are an option, what options do the Democrats have against purely Executive actions?
Yeah, I have heard about "black balling" within a company.
Electricity in China, even at residential rates, is 1/10th the cost it is in CA.

I think the salient point here is that the "price to train" a model is a flashy number that's difficult to evaluate out of context. American companies list the public cloud price to make it seem expensive; Deepseek has an incentive to make it sound cheap.

The real conclusion is that world-class models can now be trained even if you're banned from buying Nvidia cards (because they've already proliferated), and that open-source has won over the big tech dream of gatekeeping the technology.
> yeah but we don't have time to analyse this for years and years while upping our power consumption

this is 100 % true. we also don’t have time to debate the morality and necessity of each specific activity for years. if AI energy use is indeed as small as some comments here suggest, ignoring it to focus on improving things like heating, cooling, and transportation could be a better course of action.
Maybe they mean the water cooling systems used in the data centers. As far as I remember, it was a closed system so I don't know if that's significant.
Agreed, I believe AI/LLMs will create induced demand for compute long-term, even if we get more efficient models (long-term meaning >6mo). Markets don't look ahead for more than a quarter or two though, so it makes sense there would be a correction based on the news.
Yeah, on their oficial site it is blocked (ask anything in their chat about the events, they will just stop mid sentence unless you mask the input in some way), but I don't think this is a think intrinsic to the model (some of those censorships are, I've seen them on some videos). Censorship directly imbuilt in LLMs only work if the training data is mostly controled by the censor, those models depend heavily on english web data publicly available that is not censored (and checking all the text is not an easy feat), so it tends to just be a mix of light censorship and interface based control.
Modern optical sensors are pretty dang accurate on garmin watches.