skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There are unfortunately a lot of variables. I would expect options, double trigger RSU, single trigger RSU, stage of the company, to have different risk/reward functions.

I joined a private "startup" one year before its IPO and got a 40% return on my equity grant's first vest a week after the listing, but ~60% loss on the following grant. The company granted me more shares to make up the difference, so my compensation (almost) never declined, despite huge drop in value. Since the all time low, the stock is up 40%.

This year, I will/have receive about $300k USD in stock (which I can immediately sell on the market). My base pay is $245k/yr USD, so equity is a significant part of my compensation.

Every employee at the company benefited from the equity, although some should have sold when they could have.

0/ Options

Options are typically bad, because they expire when you leave. For example, the company gives you the option to give them $20k per year to exercise options.

- But if you're only making $100k/yr, $20k/yr in post-tax paper money isn't great
- But if you don't exercise the options when you get them, you may need to pay additional money for taxes
- But if you leave the company, you may only have 1-6 months to pay for those options.

IMHO, the only way to make money with option equity is if you are very lucky and can stay the entire time at the company.

1/ RSUs

RSUs are shared by later stage company and can be sold before a liquidity event. You owe taxes when they vest, unless they are double-triggering, unlike options. but at this point in the company's lifecycle, hopefully those rsus will be worth something.
I have an entire crypto book on my shelf that only mentions constant time once in an offhand paragraph about timing attacks. They managed to write the rest of the book on the other 99% of crypto.
> The whole thing was base-64 encrypted XML

Surely you mean "base64 encoded"
Am I the only one who use CURL over such tools?

I don't want a 300MB electron client doing GET/POST work, especially those with hidden telemetry on.
From the link:

lolzinventor 111 points 8 hours ago
Would you consider releasing some model weights, and publishing some research?

samaltmanOpenAI CEO Sam Altman | Verified 277 points 7 hours ago
yes, we are discussing. i personally think we have been on the wrong side of history here and need to figure out a different open source strategy; not everyone at openai shares this view, and it's also not our current highest priority.
It’s been like this long before the current guy took control last week.

Here’s a write up from 2023 for example, they’re all over the internet from the last decade:

https://www.kreindler.com/articles/understaffed-and-undertra...

One article cited it’s been a concern since Bush was in office.
They should change their name if they aren’t going to live up to it. Hopefully they take action on this.
Big question is quality though and how it all is used. They are fighting against Ukraine that has at best 1/5 as many people and they are barely advancing at all. This is not sustainable and they know it.
> The US isn’t censoring anything about that event

Because it doesn't have to. And that's not a compliment.

As it turns out, it doesn't need to censor it, because it is perfectly fine with it. Not a single person was held accountable. And nobody will be held accountable when it happens again. And it will happen again, because fundamentally, nothing about the equation has changed.

A China that was so confident in its security that it didn't feel the need to censor 4/15 would not actually be a better place.
I tried. I’m still failing to understand what “the whole point” means.

> That does not depend on any actual person being involved or any long drawn out process of creating the art.

okay, what art can you think of where the context of an artistic work doesn’t somehow boil down to the people that made it?
It’s hard to use words like “unprecedented” to describe what has happened this last week, but the disarray the government currently in has no precedent to my knowledge.

The current disarray moves well beyond the precedented events like government shutdowns and rapidly screw things up across the board.
context matters a lot, that's your nuance:

1. tax credits are legitimate. But who is using it and on what matters. getting hundreds of millions of tax credit to make horribly constructed cybertrucks does not inspire confidence. But I did want more EV benefits (those are gone now. Alas. "Drill, baby, drill"

2. I don't really know enough about accelerated Depreciation to comment

3. Ownership of productive companies is good. Keyword: "productive". Tesla has been cutting staff, closing dealerships, and again with the cybertruck. "profitable" does not equate to "productive" in my eyes.

4. Yes, Journalism for the most part is in a battle with the current administration

5. Always the fun topic to talk about. As a concept, paying taxes is good. Any more deliberation into reality may as well be its own separate topic. I do personally think corporate needs to provide more taxes, but Trump clearly disagrees this year (corporate tax cut from 21% to 15%, I believe).
> If you keep having higher energy than the rest of Europe and the world - you'll keep shrinking your manufacturing as a percentage of GDP (and manufacturing jobs).

That's correct, but what you describe is an intentional continuation of the general trend of transitioning from secondary to tertiary sector, which has been on-going for several decades. Absent any major disasters or wars I suspect it will taper off at a level only slightly higher than California in percentage of GDP in the long term (40-60 years).
> What should I have done instead?

Security has largely to do with trust.

When asked who I trust most in this space, the answer is always libsodium.

I leave as much of the protocol as possible to their implementation.

https://doc.libsodium.org/
I think creativity comes from search, inspiration or discoveries from the environment. Creativity is basically searching and stumbling into novel ideas.

Creativity doesn't come from the brain itself, the brain is just exploring and accumulating experience. Experience builds on itself. The role of the environment is both to spark and to invalidate ideas.

For example AlphaZero with just search-and-learn strategy could beat humans at our own game. It's not a magic of the model, but of the search loop.
USA, in the USA deductions come off the top like your writeoffs.
I'm complaining about having to use external services to do auth, and your solution is to use external services lol
So Biden was 3x more effective at catching illegal immigrants than Trump was? This isn't the argument you seem to think it is. Was this due to Trump directing CBP to not bother watching the areas "guarded" by his scrap metal project or something?
It didn't make sense? Are you sure? or are you just being uncharitable on HN?
How do you think alcohol was discovered? How about any fermented food? Do you think someone drank 3 day old juice because they wanted to? Or leftover cabbage from the party this weekend?

Do you know what Kombucha is? What lactobactre, and yeast are? You've never accidentally fermented anything? You don't have kids or your life isn't hectic, you've never imbibed ethanol?
That data isn't sufficient for the claim you're making. Another interpretation could be that one President's CBP was approximately four times as effective.

The truth is harder to discern when each administration redefines encounters, but for example, the Trump administration deported fewer per annum than the Obama administration. I don't know what to make of that, myself, but I think that would come as a surprise to many voters.
>In reality a corporation cannot pay taxes any more than a table can

The citizen's united ruling of 2010 disagrees with you, in the US at least.

>So who pays the corporate tax?

I don't know. the same one who pays for campaign donations. IANAL.
Interfaces are one way to inject stubs, and a good way, but not the only way. You can also use function values as callbacks.
> Obama had a super majority and could've done single payer, but he let the insurance companies write the ACA

Ah, a low-information voter, I see.

_Obama_ didn't write the ACA. It was written in Congress, and it passed only because Democrats had a once-in-a-lifetime filibuster-proof majority. Not a single Republican Senator voted for the ACA.

In particular, Joe Lieberman (Connecticut) blocked the public option. Obama tried to push for it behind the doors, but the ACA was as far as the Blue Dog Democrats were willing to be pushed.

And then, of course, Mitch McConnell happened and the Senate ground to a halt. ACA basically has not been amended since its passing.
FWIW I'm glad you're here politely making your case despite the downvotes. I'll keep trying to understand your perspective.
The article was an explanation of research involving LLMs’ fundamental limits. It wasn’t about solving Einstein riddles. Therefore there was no need to discuss other approaches to solving Einstein riddles.
> What if designers chose to not think about something because that would be irrelevant to their goals however? ;-)

Again, I'm not criticizing the designers, I'm criticizing the language as it applies to the goals of pretty much everyone in this thread.

And, I'll add, I very much doubt that the original designers' goals were benefitted by not having generics in the language initially. That's just such an obvious mistake.
This is supposed to replace JNI from what I gather: https://openjdk.org/jeps/442
For my advanced use case involving Python and knowledge of finance, Sonnet fared poorly. Contrary to what I am reading here, my favorite approach has been to use o1 in agent mode. It’s an absolute delight to work with. It is like I’m working with a capable peer, someone at my level.

Sadly there are some hard limits on o1 with Cursor and I cannot use it anymore. I do pay for their $20/month subscription.
The reason why cryptography is so bad.

Is this elitist culture in cryptography.

Alot of algorithms are described incomprehensively.

Let me give you an example.

You might get a well documented specification for implementation of ECDSA.

But it will lack something very 2 important concepts.

1. You should only use it with "safe curves"

2. It's does provide you with a list of "Safe curves"

Same goes for Shamir Secret Sharing. You can know how to implement the algorithm.

But there is so much extra "insider knowledge" or "tribal knowledge" that isn't obvious to non-cryptographers, that you need, for it to be secure.

Such knowledge is often (if not always) not documented. It's in obscure forums, papers and blog posts like this one.

There is no comprehensive encyclopedia for cryptography algorithms.

Developers write bad encryption code because cryptographers have bad documentation.

I would blame the cryptographers, not the developers.
> There is no consensus because there is very little left to strive for in the eyes of the average citizen.

I heavily agree on this, people have nothing to look forward to, and nothing to be proud of. In fact, the state of the US is more embarrassing than anything. Every other country has free healthcare, high speed rail, free education etc... On top of that, there is no upwards social mobility. I know a lot of people my age are literally gambling everything on crypto and hustle culture because they have no future prospects or hope.

> This is why we can’t have single payer healthcare, because our populations are too busy fighting for their radicalized ideas.

but I have to say that this is beyond naive. A single payer healthcare system is broadly popular, it has had the majority of support for decades at this point. We can't have it because it goes against the profit motive of the people running that industry. We already pay more than we would in taxpayer money than we would if healthcare was free across the board. Its as simple as that. Blatant corruption.

And this circles back to the last point, people see this, they realize this... and they don't believe that they can change this. This is exactly why, across the world, Luigi Mangione is hailed as a Saint. Thats exactly why the response was, "I get it." and people should try to examine that more. Its honestly not very complicated.

Fox News and such, are the only ones providing answers and giving people a place to channel this anger. But it is at the expense of marginalized groups, and truthfully, everyone. The Neo-Liberal order has failed everyone, and the Democrats have nothing to offer. I mean, we have corruption and oligarchs controlling the government. People feel hopeless, and powerless.
I don't buy it. Nazis don't get less radical if you change your laws to get more in line with their thoughts, they get emboldened and want even more.
>it in addition to the abject failure that is PPACA which ballooned US healthcare costs (not that Republicans have any alternative solutions or the desire to fix it)

quite an understatement: they broke it whlie Obama was still in office.

regardless, the idea was good but good ideas always have bad actors. It's easy to forget that Musk of 2008 had a very different image compared to Musk of today.
Sure, the cost of the check is small, and if you actually hit a null pointer, the cost is much higher if it's flagged by the MMU instead of a simple check.

But you're saving probably two bytes in the instruction stream for the test and conditional jump (more if you don't have variable length instructions), and maybe that adds up over your whole program so you can keep meaningfully more code in cache.
I can add that Linux is also pretty solid on Asus machines well, despite the company actively advocating for MS on their sites. I have an old G46, some i7-1065 Zenbook Flip, and a newish Zenbook with a 6800U. All of them running Debian 12 with GNOME or KDE, all hardware components supported. That also includes the sensors for tablet mode in the Flip! Also used to have an 8000 series Intel AsusPro something, same good support.

It takes around 1 to 2 years for the kernel to catch up on more stable distros, but I can wholeheartedly recommend Asus laptops for Linux use.
I have become a bit of a cryptographer (after running a cryptography-related company for a while), and aside from joke thought experiments, I am one of the most conservative cryptographic programmers I know.

I'm personally pretty skeptical that the first round of PQC algorithms have no classically-exploitable holes, and I have seen no evidence as of yet that anyone is close to developing a computer of any kind (quantum or classical) capable of breaking 16k RSA or ECC on P-521. The problem I personally have is that the lattice-based algorithms are a hair too mathematically clever for my taste.

The standard line is around store-now-decrypt-later, though, and I think it's a legitimate one if you have information that will need to be secret in 10-20 years. People rarely have that kind of information, though.
I'd have written this exact comment two years ago. After two years using C# and .NET in anger, I'd pick it for almost any project. It's better than Python, Ruby, Go, Elixir, Typescript, Etc. and better than Rust unless you absolutely must squeeze every ounce of performance out of something, and even then, sometimes C# is better.

I know it's not cool, but I spend very little time on distracting stupid shit in C#. No other ecosystem does it as well as .NET. It seems like such a low bar, yet almost no one can get over it.

I sit down to program for what feels like 30 minutes in a moment of inspiration, and I look up and it's been 5 hours and I got more done than I was expecting. Every other language often has me dealing with some distraction having nothing to do with the actual problem I'm hoping to solve, and sometimes robbing me of the desire to solve the problem at all.

Other languages drive me to mess with my editor config, because it's more fun than trying to convince my environment that a business problem is more important to solve than why some dependency that was importing fine a week ago is now broken. Other languages have me trying to get AI to build me something I've built before without typing any code. C# wants me to ship something quickly that works and it wants to help me do it. It's a remarkable ecosystem, and it makes it really hard to put up with the hoops the others make me jump through. 5/5, would .NET again.
The more experience I get, the more I prefer it
Let's think a lot more widely here: how many things in your life suddently got explosively more expensive over a decade. How many of those do you think would have not surged if it wasn't for [insert single thing here]?

It's the same logic people use to suppress minimum wage. But prices keep going up. Almost like that's not as big a factor as we thought.
All that said, you .NET folks need to let your patterns die in a fire. Modern C# doesn't require any of this crap anymore. Use functions. They're great. The world of nouns is behind us.
how many did he lay off in 2024? How many recalls did they have? How much did he spend to buy the election?

if all you care about is raw numbers, you'll fall for the grift everytime.
That’s kind of sweet that you think radicalization is about policy preferences. Like the GP, my elderly parents have turned into Trump partisans. They listen to Fox News all day and night. It’s constant exposure to and participation in Two Minutes of Hate. My dad’s actually a sweet guy, and when I can address some of the crazy shit he’s clearly hearing from somewhere else, and ask him to take a step back and talk to me, not at me, we often get to a place where he’ll acknowledge that what he said/repeated really doesn’t reflect his own thoughts or feelings about something, but then it’s just right back into the vortex of propaganda, lies, and hatred spewing out of the TV, and it’s like we never talked at all.
If the snarky comment is "your crypto implementation is bad", then, yes, I would always take that seriously. If I really know what I'm doing then I'll be able to refute the comment; if not, then I probably should be using an audited library anyway.

Mistakes in crypto implementation can be extremely subtle, and the exact nature of a vulnerability difficult to pin down without a lot of work. That's why the usual advice is just "don't do it yourself"; the path to success is narrow and leads through a minefield.
I do have to agree punishing elected representative for voting is a slippery slope.

But in this case, it didn't really change anything.
> use accelerated depreciation to avoid taxes in a really profitable year

Tesla's earning calls tell me he should have just paid the taxes this year, in that case. Welp, hindsight.
Frank Lloyd Wright's unrealized vision of a great city's future
SiliconFlow and Huawei Cloud Launch DeepSeek R1 Inference on Non-Nvidia Chips
I suppose, but i don't really see the advantage of doing it as part of the settlement. If zuck wanted to give trump a bribe why not just donate directly?
What a coincidence! I was just browsing the Shamir's Secret Sharing Wikipedia page 30 seconds ago. There is a python implementation on it and I was worried the same exact thing as you before opening HN. So maybe we could start with that one. Is that code implementation sufficiently secure and well documented?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shamir's_secret_sharing?wprov=...
I think the quiet part here is

1. Companies see downwinds of a recession, so they want to wait for good times to do anything. Actually grow, pay off debts, make lateral moves.

2. companies were banking on administration changes to help bailed them out. So far, they seem to have won that gamble.

so there's general truth and then there's speculation about used to influence decisions.
I mean everything you just said about Go applies to Python except the "consumes tiny amounts of resources"--it's certainly my most productive language, and the code looks a lot like the pseudocode people write when they're trying to descrbe an algorithm so it's pretty dang easy to read. But you don't hear me going around claiming it's well-designed. Taking async design cues from f-ing JavaScript, leaning harder into the GIL, was a horrific mistake, for example.
I think you have to be pretty used to visualize volume before it becomes easy. I think having the unit based on a cube still helps though, especially since you can pick a different sized base cube based on the scale (mm³, cm³, deciliter, liter, m³, km³, etc.), having the base unit be this extremely low, and wide rectangular cuboid only aids in your visualization in a very specific context, namely how how many foots you are flooding your acre sized fields with water.
I haven't studied it, other than knowing what I was allowed to do to a house I owned. :) A quick googling turns up:

Americans have a long history of killing each other over water. That tends to result in very defined access rights.

https://www.worldwater.org/conflict/list/

"Water violence in New Mexico over water rights"

"Cattlemen fight Texan landowners for access to water and pasture"

"Many are killed during the Johnson County Water War between competing cattle association over access to water resources and land"

In popular culture:

* Pale Rider - creek is dammed to force the miners off the land.

* Yellowstone - creek is dammed to prevent the building of a subdivision.

This might help explain a bit:

https://www.npr.org/2013/06/15/192034094/rivers-run-through-...
Probably because the Biden admin wasn’t attempting to rewrite history?
Yes, But.

It doesn't seem like the worst - yet - but Bruno also ramped up their monetization. So far it seems survivable. But given how things have gone before, it's unclear how viable Bruno will really remain.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42170934
It probably is stemming from the fact that cryptography needs to be perfect code to guarantee total confidentiality with complete integrity. Without this goal of writing perfect code, that always encrypts and decrypts, but only for the keyholder(s), they're simply begging to get things wrong and waste time.
Or start from the start and give dwm a try.
Progress never stops! ;)
What makes you think the original commenter's dad is a Nazi?
We have tax forms available as interactive PDFs, which:

* auto-computes formulas
* enables and disables whole sections of the document depending of filled values
* performs complex validation, beyond checking for required fields and regexp patterns
* offers inline help
* can be filled, saved and printed completely offline
* when printed, looks exactly the same as traditional, paper form
* don't require external software beyond a PDF reader
Based on your comment history you seem weirdly obsessed with trans people. What have they done to you?
yes yes, different rules for the rich than the working class.

That is true, but not just.
Yeah, this one was added because of the comment
Heh, everyone has a different no idea of the line between SoCal and NorCal. I saw a talk someone from ESRI who did a survey of Californians on where the line is. The only hard and fast rule is that “nobody wants Hanford”, apparently. But your line is one of the more southern ones, since most people include Bakersfield in SoCal.
https://zkdocs.com has a whole chapter on Shamir's Secret Sharing.

(Ironically, this stuff is documented, cryptographers just aren't good at marketing.)

https://www.zkdocs.com/docs/zkdocs/protocol-primitives/shami...
Wait what? I’m asking about how you have a conversation with people who refuse to discuss their point of view. It’s me? I don’t know what you mean by that.

Are you saying I’m in denial about my perspectives? I never advocated that an election was stolen or that Biden or Trump did nothing during their terms like my parents have. I am the one in denial?

Can you point out this different perspective. A lot of commentary after the election was that “there’s a lesson to be learned here” and I hear that a lot from Trumpers. What is this lesson I need to learn about lying and hating? Why am I expected to take the lying side seriously? Won’t the answers be more lies?