skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I'm not sure what / which you are talking about in that second paragraph, but it does not describe moderation and preferences on Bluesky. ATProto has the best moderation scheme I have seen. It enables user choice and provider competition

The reason Mastodon | ActivityPub is not on boarding users like Bluesky | ATProto has a lot to do with the friction and discovery differences. ATProto was designed in part by understanding where ActivityPub had limitations and rough edges
It could be argued that it was the Intel Ultrabook initiative that killed laptop modularity. Although that was a reaction to the MacBook Air and PC makers would have likely gone down that route, Ultrabook or no.
It was decided by IBM for the IBM PC. The 8088 CPU had 1 MB of addressable memory, and some of it had to be reserved for the BIOS ROM, video hardware, and other expansion cards. So the exact limit was a trade-off between application RAM and hardware expansions. You could also phrase it as “384 KB is enough for BIOS and expansion cards”.

Moreover, 640K is kind of a natural division point in hexadecimal notation. Address segments in the 8088 memory model were 64K, hence segments 00000–90000 were for RAM, and segments A0000–F0000 were for ROM and hardware.
Average adult male. Women commonly died in childbirth.
Here are some numbers from Orange Pi 5 Plus: https://xnux.eu/log/088.html

2.4W – idle

That's from early upstreaming, and for the whole board. But I can't imagine it being much lower these days.
Amazing!

Good luck with whatever you are planning to do next.

Hmu, if you are in the Bay Area next.
BGP Labs
We still need to resolve a lot of questions about healthy usermod tool usage. The "open market" of usermod tooling -- that is, with low institutional auditing -- does press the community to engage in auditing themselves, for better and for worse.

With that acknowledged, I have to wonder if the listifications bot is solving the problem well. It's catching every list anybody makes, so now trolls are getting more impact. It gives me some questions about the list feature as we wrote it, but listifications is constructed with a default-trust mentality that really shouldn't apply.
Prompt2MVP Chrome Extension [video]
Prompt2MVP Chrome Store Link : https://chromewebstore.google.com/detail/prompt2mvp/dfojilkh...

Write quick prompts & build MVP's fast with the extension on lovable.dev

- Save Design Inspirations
- Describe Project & Tech Stack
- Insert Prompt into input box

All Lovable users, would love to have feedback on the extension.
CSS is not something that you can intuit so it only really comes with practice. I used to take on a lot of little projects (you might have to abandon the "stop starting, start finishing mantra") which I found to be a really effective way to level up quickly. One really effective exercise I've done is to take an existing website and try to recreate it from a screenshot alone. When you get stuck you can try to peak at the source code to see how it was done. Here's a small collection of some good candidate sites for this exercise:

- https://special.fish/

- https://pirate.care/

- https://craigslist.org

- https://fillip.ca/

- https://html.energy/

- https://gossipsweb.net/

- https://brutalistwebsites.com/

- https://theface.com/
Clearly he should've just added a disclaimer like ever single one of Trump's EOs [1].

"Sec. 4. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:

(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or" [2]

Or all the generic legal documents that say "void where prohibited by law" and etc. In general, writing a document that complies with the law seems to be not a requirement.

[1]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_executive_orders_in_...

[2]: https://web.archive.org/web/20250121003847/https://www.white...
In rural areas they often don't really evist because nobody can stop you from ignoring them. Just pay your taxes.
Solar Overtakes Coal in EU
I went looking for some writing by the author about how he made wild fast, but couldn't find much: https://davidlattimore.github.io/
Please add a dockerfile to generate a docker image that makes it easy to setup and test
Yes but that’s also the attitude of someone in psychosis: to connect everything, to relate everything to everything else. We miss gaps, breaks, what is irreconciliable, incomprehensible in the work of art: and the attempt to reduce that gap in the dream of a potential full correspondence is a violent fantasy.
All of this is meaningless without the context found around the usage, of course, being that the language is entirely dependent on context. But let's assume for the sake of discussion a context of us both standing side by side looking at the night sky.

If I said "There is no star in the sky", are you going to be unclear about what I am trying to say, yet understand me perfectly if I said "There are no stars in the sky"?
What are the latest cool ideas in OS design, both from a user's viewpoint and from an OS hacker's viewpoint?
This was a simplification. Of course you need some extra VRAM I/O based on your KV cache size.

But assuming your KV cache size is << model size, that simplification is pretty accurate.

See, e.g. https://www.databricks.com/blog/llm-inference-performance-en...

You can just scroll to the first chart they have that explains the idea.
Why is so much modern software garbage?
That looks promising. In Rust to begin with and with the goal of being fast and support incremental linking.

To use it with Rust, this can probbaly also work using gcc as linker driver.

In project's .cargo/config.toml:

[target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]
rustflags = ["-C", "link-arg=-fuse-ld=wild"]

Side note, but why does Rust need to plug into gcc or clang for that? Some missing functionality?
Infra team recently switched the timeline backend to a new cluster and didn't backfill. It will regrow over time.

Sorry about the confusion that caused. It was one of those things that happened in the scaling rush.
QuickRecorder(macOS): open-source, lightweight, high-performance screen recorder
This works great and is replacing Kap[1] for me.

[1] https://getkap.co/
There were so many gymnastics to get a bit more memory to work with. Multiple autoexec.bat and config.sys files for many games and the like.
Any good books or sources on this? I would be interested to read more
~60-65GW of new EU solar capacity being added per year. Look at trajectories and their rate of change. Poland went from 0% to 9% of energy sourced from solar in ~5 years (2019-2024).
TikTok is 'severely damaging' young people – unlike its Chinese equivalent
Right but it's not magic as you cannot predict networking delays.

The max clock skew also has to pick between A and C, in underestimates you lose serializability, in overestimates you pay in write latency.
Sole Fibroblasts Injected into Thighs Help Develop a Thicker Skin
More like someone at IBM. The memory map mapped BIOS, video, and PCjr cartridge memory into the upper memory area. Other contemporaneous, non-IBM-compatible x86 systems of the era could relax this restriction. The Tandy 2000 loaded its BIOS from disk (instead of having it in ROM) and ran MS-DOS (indeed, its BIOS API was IBM-compatible even though hardware wise it was not), and could access up to 768K of user memory flat out (896K with aftermarket expansions). This briefly gave it an advantage handling large spreadsheets and the like.
Can also see myself using this. But my larger issue with most apps is that they won't let me do some combination of DIY and multi-modal.

Yes, I want transit instructions. No, I am not walking to that station, I am on a bike. No, I am not going to take that particular bus because the road is full of potholes and my bike is heavy enough the rack on the front is questionable. Yes, I intend to skip one train because this station has cover I can wait under while the one I will transfer at doesn't and I want to wait under cover here and get there just in time rather than get there ASAP and wait without cover.

There are just so many considerations to navigation when you're not in a car, mixing modes, and know the city and system pretty well already.

I haven't seen any convincing attempt to tackle what an app for this sort of case might look like, but the linked article does seem to be getting towards it!
Meta Spending to Soar on AI Data Center
Nvidia GeForce RTX 5090 Linux GPU Compute Performance Benchmarks
Iceberg has branching but it doesn’t really have great “merge” semantics, but the semantics otherwise would work good for batch semantics.

What I think I’d like is to say “there are only AppendFilesCommits in these two branches” and merge the two, or otherwise look at the operations to determine if they two things can be fast forwarded.
It may be apocryphal, but it's not all that wrong.

Those "about five" computers even have names: AWS, Azure, GCP, ...
> This is because all systems can be improved upon recursively

Until it becomes cosmic code.

( https://minimaxir.com/2025/01/write-better-code/ / https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42584400 )
"I'll break my staff, bury it certain fathoms in the earth, and deeper than did ever plummet sound, I'll drown my book" --
The Tempest (1611)
Slight disagreement here.

Allocation is perceived as slow because it is. Getting memory from the OS is somewhat expensive because a page of memory needs to be allocated and stored off. Getting memory from traditional allocators is expensive because freespace needs to be tracked. When you say "I need 5 bytes" the allocator needs to find 5 free bytes to give back to you.

Bump allocators are fast because the operation of "I need 5 bytes" is incrementing the allocation pointer forward by 5 bytes and maybe doing a new page allocation if that's exhausted.

GC allocators are fast because they are generally bump allocators! The only difference is that when exhaustion happens the GC says "I need to run a GC".

Traditional allocators are a bit slower because they are typically something like an arena with skiplists used to find free space. When you free up memory, that skiplist needs to be updated.

But further, unlike bump and GC allocators another fault of traditional allocators is they have a tendency to scatter memory which has a negative impact on CPU cache performance. With the assumption that related memory tends to be allocated at the same time, GCs and bump allocators will colocate memory. But, because of the skiplist, traditional allocators will scattershot allocations to avoid free memory fragmentation.

All this said, for most apps this doesn't matter a whole lot. However, if you are doing a CPU/memory intense operation then this is stuff to know.
I really like the DIY routing concept! It certainly would have helped me during my most recent trip to Japan.

Google was great this time around but it just didn't understand that people might want to stop and look at stuff while walking between trains, and I found myself having to fiddle with it and sometimes restart whole trips when being able to pause and restart them would have worked (or maybe I just don't know how to do that?).

DIY routing sounds closer to having an intelligent version of those books of timetables I used to carry around.
When I used to teach math, the difference in how calculators handled precedence was always a problem. I would tell students to enter 1+2×3 into their calculators and if they got 9,¹ they should throw away the calculator and buy one that worked properly. Not respecting the precedence rules is bad design.

The calculator built into Windows (at least back then, maybe they’ve changed it), gave 9 to my test instead of 7.

⸻

1. If they got some number other than 9 or 7, I recommended dousing it in holy water, and then gasoline, burning it, encasing the ashes in concrete and dropping that concrete block into the deepest part of the ocean because that calculator is cursed.
IANAMD^2 Probably the dose of peanuts and aluminium is higher to cause the allergies in rats. It would very interesting in something that is researching vaccines can give an official reply here.
since you're on HN, i'd maybe copy paste some of your nicer api -> live demo examples on to this post so that people can see how nice and declarative the thing is
> solution was to leave gaps between elements (eg index 0, 100, 200… instead of 0, 1, 2)

Reminds me of my days writing BASIC programs.
Btw, posts to "who is hiring" and related threads remain permanently deletable, so you should be able to delete that post if you want to.
Advice for Approaching a UX Job Search
Allusions are elitist.

Art always exists in some context, even if it's only the language of the work and its setting. Allusions add to that context, but in a way that insidiously empowers a handful of authority figures.

Allusions make interacting with a work akin to a treasure hunt, where the audience uncovers the author's "true intentions" clue by clue through consuming outside commentary. The clues are sourced from cultural authorities, including critics (such as NYT poetry columnists), academics, and sometimes the authors themselves.

I reject this gatekeeping, preferring to elevate the hyperspecific experience of the individual audience member above the experience that authority figures seek to browbeat into the the audience.

Every individual first experiences a work with only the context that they bring themselves, and that individual's first interpretation is completely valid. Their own emotional, instinctual reactions are "correct" for them, even when they fail to acknowledge allusive references or otherwise clash with author intent.

"Popular" art which stands on its own without needing critical interpretation does more for its audience than art which requires the accompaniment of a cultural tour guide. And audiences sense it, which is why popular art will always be popular.
We may be taking blood pressure readings all wrong
Can someone explain point #9 in the gist? How’d they know part of the two factor code?
[I didn't notice. I try to be more friendly when the author is here. I'm pretty skeptical too.]
Yeah, if you're development process requires LTO you may be holding it wrong....

Specifically, if LTO is so important that you need to be using it during development, you likely have a very exceptional case, or you have some big architectural issues that are causing much larger performance regressions then they should be.
I'm not sure if I crave that or https://youtu.be/Cn-sQL2hO1o?feature=shared
Yeah I think my complaint still stands, which is that they already tried this where I live, and having a literal train straight downtown did not incentivize building there at all.
Newly released Kubrick studio tour and interview from 1980 (video)
If you have some idea of what good code looks like you can sometimes give feedback to something like Cursor or Windsurf. For small greenfield projects (that kind of downloader script) they succeed maybe 50% of the time.

If you had no idea of what code looks like and poor critical thinking abilities God help you.
I've had some old Reddit rants like this, although it was in the context of names in computer games, especially in very large systems where multiple users might be equally worthy of a name that they've already been given or built-up elsewhere.

However I didn't consider the distinction between pet-names versus edge-names. (Ex: "Mom" versus "Terr_ suggests other people refer to this contact as "Alice Smith") I'm generally of the opinion that I should be able to easily recognize the formal names of anyone I'm that close to. :P On reflection, perhaps a better justification for the split would be organization, such as "Dentist" versus "Johnson and Joelson Oral Health Associates."

My thinking had been that in online chats etc. any references to users would have a globally-unique identifier under the hood, and each user's client would be smart enough to specially-render it in some way which substitutes a nicer name and clearly indicates where that nicer name comes from to deter phishing.
I just wanted to comment to say that the design of this blog / personal website is incredible. A very minimalistic, nostalgic, and yet modern take on personal websites from the Geocities era.

I love this.
I find I can barely bring myself to sell off stocks in a company that’s doing well, unless my future outlook has changed.

Did you anticipate there are changes coming that will require these businesses to radically change their products in order to survive?
Lovely to see a new major release, I bet that was a lot of work! Congratulations!

That said

I hate websites that highjack scrolls to show an animation, especially on a frontpage. I immediately dismiss a product I am planning to buy just because it has scroll animations, and go straight to a competitor.
Chris Lattner was 21 or 22 when he created LLVM.
There would've been complaints if the reservoir was kept filled with a waiver, preventing it from use as drinking water due to the contamination from a damaged cover, and no fire occurred.

When climate change events occur, people will say we could've done more (while there is no evidence today there is willingness to pay these readiness and mitigation costs). When they don't happen, people will complain we're wasting money. The only way to win is to manage your own climate and economic risk at the individual level (in the short term). Maybe people improve, allowing for institutions to improve, but probably not. There is no appetite for the will, spending, and economic drag that will be required to fix this. The accumulated off balance sheet debt (the costs to mitigate climate change) has accelerated beyond the light cone of economic potential (structural demographic decline, labor costs increasing as labor forces decline, future debt obligations, etc).

Is the world becoming uninsurable? - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42732728 - Jan 2025

Dependency and depopulation? Confronting the consequences of a new demographic reality
- https://www.mckinsey.com/mgi/our-research/dependency-and-dep...

Climate crisis costs the world 12% in GDP for every 1°C temperature rise - https://www.weforum.org/stories/2024/06/nature-climate-news-...

https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu...
The results are already public aren't they. Couldn't have just read out the solution?
Why do I love this so much
This website is unreadable on mobile.
The sleight of hand here is that by leaving so many things undefined, unspecified, and implementation-defined, C gets to foist complexity off on the implementations and then act as though it's absolved of blame when things go off the rails. The fact that what felt like half of all traffic on Usenet and IRC in the 90s was comprised of people language-lawyering over what is and is not valid C disqualifies it from being considered a simple language. It's as though someone designed a language where the spec is the single sentence "the program does what the user intends it to do" and then held this up pinnacle of simplicity. C has an entire Wikipedia article about how needlessly difficult it is to parse: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexer_hack . C has an entire website for helping people interpret its type gibberish: https://cdecl.org/ . C's string handling is famously broken. C's formatting machinery is Turing complete! Coercions out the wazoo. Switch fallthrough having exactly the wrong default. The fact that Duff's Device works at all. Delegating all abstraction to an infamously error-prone textual macro language. You could spend an entire career learning this language and still find exciting new ways to blow your leg off. If C is our bar for simplicity, it explains a lot about the state of our profession.
This sort of problem also occurs when you're trying to do CRDTs, which can roughly be described also as "design something that does Git better."

So e.g. to frame this, one approach to a CRDT is to just treat the document as a list of facts, "line 1 is 'foo', line 2 is 'bar'", and each fact has a number of times it has been asserted, and to "merge" you just add together the assertion counts, and then you can detect conflicts when a fact has been asserted more than once or fewer than zero times. So a patch says "change line 2 to 'baz'", this becomes "unassert that line 2 is 'bar', assert that line 2 is 'baz'" and it conflicts with a patch that says "change line 2 to 'quux'" because the fact "line 2 is 'bar'" has an assertion count of -1.

But anyway, in this context you might want to allow inserting lines, and then you have the list-labeling problem, you don't want the patch to unassert lines 4,5,6 just to insert a new line after line 3. So then an obvious thing is to just use a broader conception of numbers, say "line 3.5 is <X>" when you insert, and then we hide the line numbers from the user anyways, they don't need to know that internally the line numbers of the 7 lines go "1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, 6".

So then you need a relabeling step because you eventually have some line at 3.198246315 and you want to be able to say "yeah, that's actually line 27, let's have some sanity again in this thing."

This also maybe hints at the fun of adding randomization, consider that one person might add line 3.5, then add line 3.75, and then remove line 3.5; meanwhile someone else might add a different line 3.5, add a line 3.25, and then remove their line 3.5, and these patches would both amount to "assert line 3.25 is A, assert line 3.75 is B", and would merge without conflict. This means that in general if two people are messing with the same part of the same document asynchronously, this model is not able to consistently flag a merge failure in that case, but will sometimes instead just randomly order the lines that were added.

We can then just make that a feature rather than a fault: you don't insert at 3.5, which is 3 + (4 - 3) / 2, rather you insert at 3 + (4 — 3) * rand(). And then when two people both try to insert 12 lines between line 3 and 4 independently, when you merge them together, you get 24 lines from both, in their original orders but interleaved randomly, and like that's not the end of the world, it might be legitimately better than just declaring a merge failure and harrumphing at the user.
Yes Apple Intelligence enabled by default, but the notification summaries for news apps, one small part of the "suite", will be disabled (without a way to enable it) until further notice.
Any tech? Crypto? Mass surveillance? Weapons development?
People Reduce Workers' Compensation for Using Artificial Intelligence [pdf]
There are also parts of Greece where land inheritance is from mother to daughter, and there's been a matrilocal residence pattern since ancient times. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_matrilineal_or_matrilo...
Exactly. 90% of the time I spend booking tickets is in reading every single field a few extra times before clicking "yes, please charge my card $N00". I'm not about to outsource that confirmation step to an LLM, and outsourcing anything else isn't going to save any real time.
DeepSeek managed to turn restrictions into innovation
The power consumption of the 5090 is way too high for me, but it looks like the sweet spot for performance/watt is the 4080. (Some of the lower-tier cards in the 5xxx lineup may score even better in this metric but they’re not part of this review.)
BOFH: How to innosplain your way through an audit
> many games have hyper stylized menus with flowery wingdings all over them

It can work depending on the style/tone of the game.

The real problem, in my opinion, is all the games nowadays with perfectly flat, generic, colorless UIs with absolutely no style or identity. Nintendo has been doing this a lot, for example.
I'm just staying away from any Meta consumer facing products at this point. It's like self flagellation.