skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
These are still too centralized. The protocol should look more like BitTorrent.

- You don't need domain names for identity. Signatures are enough. An optional extension could contain emails and social handles in the payload if desired.

- You don't need terabytes of storage. All content can be ephemeral. Nodes can have different retention policies, and third party archival services and client-side behavior can provide durable storage, bookmarking/favoriting, etc.

- The protocols should be P2P-first rather than federated. This prevents centralization and rule by federated cabal. Users can choose their own filtering, clustering, and prioritization.
So how does one get the private key for an airtag without associating it to their account?
I've just read "Brainstorm" the recent biography by Richard Scolyer, the melanoma researcher who has survived 18 months, possibly due to a novel immunotherapy regime. It's worth a read, especially chapter 8, about his GBM treatment.

My takeaways:

* His treatment is an experiment. It's based on techniques regularly used in melanoma treatment, but which have not previously been used for brain cancers. Clinical trials are required to tell if the success to date is due to good luck or the treatment.

* There was/is a real chance of death due to complications, particularly brain swelling or damage to other organs, from the immunotherapy. There have been complications, including liver toxicity, but the book gives the impression that these have been managed.

* The drugs themselves are commercially available, the three immunotherapy drugs used (Anti-PD-1, Anti-CTLA-4, Anti-LAG-3) being "off the shelf" and the customised vaccine was manufactured by a US based company (not a research lab).

* A major barrier to someone else trying this treatment regime is finding a medical team willing to take the risk. That was probably the biggest reason Scolyer was able to access this treatment whereas others might struggle: he and his collaborator, Georgina Long, were able to convince others that it had a reasonable chance of working.

* The novel part of the treatment was delaying the usual brain surgery and steroids and not doing chemotherapy. Instead an immediate treatment was done with immunotherapty drugs, results showing that there was no "blood-brain barrier" that stopped them from working. After about 2 weeks, surgery was performed to remove the bulk of the tumour with minimal cutting into the healthy brain. Radiotherapy was then used, along with a continuing course of the immunotherapy and a course of a vaccine customised to the genetics of Scolyer's tumour.

* Planning is underway to run clinical trials, involving research institutes in Melbourne and the US and a pharmaceutical company, to test whether the results on Scolyer are reproducible.

Preprint of the publication:

"Neoadjuvant Triplet Immune Checkpoint Blockade in Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma" (this is the paper that documents Scolyer's treatment and results to April 2024)

https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-4255559/v1
We now have the first generation of people who grew up with easily accessible porn from a young age. Happens to also be the same generation that grew up with violent video games and "parental advisory" music.

Either millennials are a gang of psychotic murdering rapists or religious people are knee-jerk driven idiots.
The Mixtral grading model calculates the original starting votes which can be further influenced by Users voting on their preferred answer which affects the leaderboard standings.

It should be noted that Mixtral 8x7B didn't grade its own model very high at 11th, it's standout was grading Microsoft's WizardLM2 model pretty high at #2. Although it's not entirely without merit as at the time of release it was Microsoft's most advanced model and the best opensource LLM available [1]. Which we also found generated great high quality answers which I'm surprised it's not more used as it's only OpenRouter's 15th most used model this month [2], although it's received very little marketing behind it, essentially just an announcement blog post.

Whilst nothing is perfect we're happy with the Grading system as it's still able to identify good answers from bad ones, good models from bad ones and which topics models perform poorly on. Some of the grades are surprising since we have prejudices on where models should rank before the results are concluded, which is also why it's important to have multiple independent benchmarks, especially benchmarks that LLMs aren't optimized for as I've often been disappointed by how some models perform in practice vs how well they perform in benchmarks.

Either way you can inspect the different answers from the different models yourself by paging through the popular questions [3]:

[1] https://wizardlm.github.io/WizardLM2/

[2] https://openrouter.ai/rankings?view=month

[3] https://pvq.app/questions
The Medium Is the Language
Hello, HN

I am an independent researcher interested in the commoditization of hypermedia. Simply put, I argue that hypermedia authoring remains a highly artisanal process, making it niche and largely inaccessible to the general population. This is why hypermedia ecosystems are predominantly controlled by service providers, who abstract away the complexity of a medium that should not be complex to begin with. The primary source of this complexity is the misguided coupling of hypermedia with web technologies, which undermines the medium's potential to be tradable and usable beyond browsers.

Linked is a draft article introducing FIFO: an experimental hypermedia language inspired by the file system paradigm. FIFO rethinks hypermedia from first principles, aiming to be a base layer for accessible authoring environments.

Here’s an insightful question that might help you internalize FIFO’s model of hypermedia: what if file system entries were ordered and some entries could be rendered inline by the UI client?

All feedback, criticism and questions are welcome
The 3200% is not a compound return calculation - it's simple the value of the real growth in value of the market, which is roughly proportional to the growth in earnings of those companies - things like PE earnings have become stupid in modern funny money times, but it still a reasonable ballpark. A compounding investment from 1979, under any strategy, would be worth way more than 3200% today.
https://archive.is/iAZwc
This is really cool. I've been hacking around with Babylon lately and it's been a great pleasure.
They are the useful idiots that attracted the funding to take the risks and make the technology emerge but didn't have the right marketing and political power. They will disappear as fast as they appeared. It is a common tale in technologies, a lot of companies who invented and/or developed something and did all the hard work just couldn't compete when it got comoditized.
What history of WW1 and WW2 did you read that seemed ‘clean’?
The author of the article starts out asking, "why would someone throw them out like that?"

Now we have the answer.
OMG, this is us.
Problem Sourcing
Hi Hacker News,

I'm Kenny, co-founder of Project Blueduck. Our mission is to uncover as many challenges as possible and assess the willingness of their owners to address them. Please don't hold back—feel free to provide as much detail as you can.

You're welcome to please share the link.

We’re excited to hear from you!
> With the low water past us for now, we are experiencing rising water and with that comes the mysterious PFAS (polyfluoroalkyl substances), a naturally occurring phenomena that is generally harmless, although it can contain chemicals from runoff.

The only naturally occurring part here is the nature of water movement causing runoff. Or, are there completely benign PFAS in nature? The EPA say nope.
The title makes it sound like some new architecture, but this is a blog post where someone likes the results they get sometimes when they fiddle with their input to the LLM to suggest “contemplation”, which apparently makes the LLM generate a large paragraph of highly neurotic text before the answer. There aren’t benchmarks or investigation of the model to see whether it is robust or generalizable so it’s hard to say whether this is useful or not.
Right, but as soon as you have private stuff in your header file, that is leaking implementation details. Yes it is kind of true that these are compile time checked to make sure that people don't do the wrong thing, but it is still an implementation detail that is leaking.

It comes down to a cost benefit thing - is the cost of poorer readability worth it for mitigating the risk of people doing the wrong thing? My experience says no, other people's experience says yes. Probably we are working on different problems and with different teams.
There may be some typo discrepancy ;)

>US states where Pornhub and other US states are blocked

>those states have passed laws requiring porn websites to verify that their users are under-18

No adults allowed, their eyes couldn't handle it :)
Doesn’t the small size make it more impressive that the Texians held out for so long?
Interesting, so apparently UI and UX and responsiveness and polish all don’t matter for products? We can just ship shittily drawn interfaces now?
Society issues change every 4 to 8 years so standby a bit and it’ll change
Kenney.nl: Free Game Assets
Cool! I love seeing the very subtle emergent behaviours of different CoT approaches. I reckon people still don't fully appreciate the brittle artistic subtlety of trying to make something akin to logic emerge from these weird transformer machines.

> Now, instead asking the model to respond in JSON we use XML tags to separate the start and end of the contemplation phase and the final answer

I suspect the author wisely avoided function-calling/JSON since it doesn't guarantee sequence. This–and a few other frailties–make me almost always use XML-like markup for my LLM API calls.

Markup langs like XML and HTML lend themselves quite beautifully to this task. They are stream-friendly, semantically enriched, leniently parseable (html was designed in part for fallible humans to write and for browsers to incrementally render) and by nature of being "markup" they are complementary to the autoregressive nature of LLMs. One assumes as well that tonnes of prose appears in HTML found in training corpuses, less so in JSON which is usually used for transactional data and RPC-like things, which must surely bias JSON completions to more robotic formations. FWIW I ended up creating a library (github.com/padolsey/xmllm) to help me get structured data from LLMs using XML (through the forgiving eyes of an HTML parser), so that I never have to rely on specific LLM tool/function-calling abstractions. Even tiny models like Qwen2.5 and Ministral3B have pretty superb (x|ht)ml compliance, much less so with JSON.
You misunderstand. Think of it from a data standpoint.

What they have. Ticket. Feedback.

If they see tickets with certain feedback scores, some rep's score will go down and some manager's score will go down and if enough people do this (it literally takes a 1-2 digit amount of people in most cases), someone will raise an eyebrow and ask some questions and read the <99 responses that came in about this topic.

Since so few people actually respond to feedback, anyone who does has a massively outsized impact on the numbers that get reported inside the company, and the messages that get passed around inside the company.

I should clarify that when I say "Feedback" it does not mean yelling at a support rep, it means responding with a low score or a frowny face or whatever metric in their system that indicates quantitative disapproval.
>in the 90s, each side trading blows with another 100MHz and a bit more cache every few months

AMD was uncompetitive during whole nineties, their very best and most expensive K5/K6/-2/-3 chips were losing to Pentiums/Celerons in everything but simple word processing (Winstone). Only the very last AMD CPU of 1999, $799 Athlon 750 $799 was finally competitive against $803 Pentium III 750. You must be thinking of 2000-2006 when AMD beat Intel to 1GHz, 64bit and dual core.
You aren't the customer.
It might be that the most obvious way to eventually get to the right answer in the long run might look like starting from the enticing, obvious, and wrong initial guess and then pivoting. It definitely seems like an easier behavior to emulate than always getting the answer right on the first try.
A nice origin story http://reassembler.blogspot.com/2009/08/outrun-decompilation...

OutRun on Amiga: https://www.youtube.com/@reassembler68k
Identity theft is not a joke, millions of families suffer every year!

Michael!
Yup. The most obvious example is Donald Trump himself. Instead of suffering consequences for any of the things he's said, he has been elected to president of the United States. Twice! Meanwhile if you repeated what he says verbatim in your workplace you might find yourself gone by next week.
Netflix Expanded to 190 Countries in 7 Years
There are things we can do besides/in addition to permitting more housing construction. Namely, lowering the barrier to entry for construction:

If we reduce the minimum lot size, then we reduce the minimum land purchase required in order to construct housing. And of course, lower upfront investment means lower risk and more newcomers are financially capable of buying in in the first place.

Lowering turnaround times for approval would also lower costs, and broadening the range of housing that gets by-right approval is a common way of doing that. Another is to just set a cap on the approval period, e.g. after 100 days, if you haven't received a response rejecting your application, then it's approved by default, and any rejection must be accompanied by a specific stated reason for rejection.

The overarching problem, though, is that there needs to be a political will to reduce housing costs (as you implied). But even that is partially missing the point, IMO - plenty of NIMBYs are acting for rational non-financial reasons - they're afraid that higher local density will increase local traffic and take up the finite local free parking spaces. Free parking is especially problematic, because paid parking will never satisfy people who see other people getting free parking in the same area. And of course the whole car-traffic problem is driven by cities being especially car-centric, with car traffic fundamentally not scaling up well compared to public transport.
These ID-tracking laws are a dragnet to build kompromat and return society to puritanism.

If these lawmakers really cared about children, they'd look into giving them school lunches.

There's far creepier stuff happening on VRChat and Roblox anyway. These lawmakers don't even care enough to understand what they're talking about.

But in any case, the legislation will lag innovation. In two years, you'll be able to generate custom porn of whatever you want on your own device using diffusion video models. No Internet needed.
What are the best agent tools I should play around with this weekend?
Those are all the same right, the right to practice your religion without being expelled from normal society. Nobody has different rights from anybody else, we just exercise them in different ways.
For a paid product even if the content explicitly contained nudity or depicted sexual activity it should had still been allowed as they are valid cases that Lightroom and Photoshop could be used. The censorship in AI is stupid, babysitting users should not be part of the tool's responsibility. Its like banning kitchen knives to keep people from using them for violence.
Takes longer sometimes. Hawke proposed "Australia card" in 85 and the wave of nup was tsunamical. It's been nupped out for 40 years. The frog is boiling very slowly behind mygov ID.
Pierre Menard, Author of the “Chain-of-Thought Prompting Elicits Reasoning in Large Language Models” Paper
Header files also make it a lot more obvious how you're supposed to distribute a library as a binary, which is good.
not sure, but there's the link for everyone without requiring it
>We now have the first generation ... easily accessible porn from a young age.

I'm GenX and there was always a Playboy or something similar around. Porn on VHS was pretty accessible since it was so easy to copy. There was also "Skinemax," (Cinemax) as we called it after hours.

>grew up with violent video games and "parental advisory" music.

GenX also grew up with this.
Baby boomers grew up with sex, drugs and rock 'n roll, yet they're far from a gang of drug addicted rapists playing loud music.
Docs aren't just for the users, they're for your support team as well. A lot of times I'll put in a support request for some product we use and the first thing support sends back is documentation. Most of the time, that's all I need and it saves us both a ton of time.
I feel like this blog does not accurately describe how large the ipv6 address space even after accounting for it being reduced by 2^64 for the host portion of the address. If it did it would make the concerned comments about /28 ipv6 network sizes seem very misplaced.

A single static ipv4 address is a /32 slice into the ipv4 space and is considered a reasonable to size give out to a single person or even a small business that asks for it. Of course larger companies and telecom operators need larger network allocations and they have gotten them for many years in the past.

Now realize that if a /64 ipv6 network is the minimum size like a single ipv4 address then you see that the ipv6 address space has 2^32 /32 ipv6 networks. Now with ipv6 any technical person and acquire a entire ipv4 internet sized network in a continuous (globally routeable if you want) range.

And if any sized business today can expect buy a single "class c" /24 range of ipv4 it makes sense that large global compaines get a ipv6 /20 network to run their entire network on it.For example cloudflare[1] uses 6 regional /32 networks and a /29 network for all their routing needs. Imaging trying to build cloudflare with less than 32 addresses in a single /24 ipv4 allocation.

ipv6 is so large that you can just design your network without worrying about subnet size and route based on real policy or security boundaries alone. We will run out of MAC addresses before we run out of ipv6

[1] https://www.cloudflare.com/ips/
>The reason I embarked on D is because C and C++ were too reluctant to move forward.

I just want to take this opportunity to say thank you. While D may not taken up from the rest of the world. It has surely lived on in C, C++ and many other languages. Still wish more people would use Das C.
> But a more data-oriented approach will still get people to the conclusion that we're on the clock until billions of people starve to death.

You’ve piqued my interest, where can I read about this data oriented approach that leads to this conclusion?
I had totally forgotten that Blogger has a post by email feature like this using (username.[secretword]@blogger.com)
High-Dimensional Computing with Sparse Vectors Using Clojure
Love this. Ehrlich acted from good intent but with a bad case. I like this analysis saying the short term could have had Simons lose if the decade is chosen wrong, but the trend is with Simons.

A lot of battery related FUD recapitulates this, people mistake active mines for available reserves and available reserves for worldwide geology. We aren't running out of the inputs to make batteries we're in supply chain shock not resource limits.

Same with oil and peak oil. We'll never run out of oil.
Then start with a new place to share plugins.
I just really don’t like having to fight through a research tool’s Dunning-Kruger incompetence blindness, and I’m pretty sure most non-technical users don’t either. If you’ve got a built-in habit of academic skepticism for even the most confidently delivered information, and ideally at least a vague mental model of why that process works, then it’s a useful tool. That describes a portion of the population too small to justify spending the kind of money we’ve spent on generative AI. And beyond that, you have to know enough about what you’re asking it to realize when it’s full of shit. How much more does that reduce the useful use cases? At first, I thought “man it would be cool to give this thing access to all kinds of APIs so I could get news, weather info, transit info… but if I just have to double check everything it says to make sure it’s not just making its response up, what’s the use in that? I sure hope this all becomes a lot more reliable without me having to tell it to be, really soon.
> you'll be able to generate custom porn of whatever you want on your own device using diffusion video models

I'm sorry Dave, I'm afraid I can't do that, since you did not complete the age verification process.
Maybe these compile time tests are more like `static_assert`, which is valuable for catching incompatible uses of library functions. Pretty good idea in my opinion.
There may be some. I can’t recall where I saw it, but there can be large productivity increases when the work week is shorter. If the main tasks aren’t constant time but dependent on worker performance, there may be a free lunch to be had.
I use OpenAI not just because it has decent models that work decently by default but because I don't need to care on how to setup a model on a cloud provider and their API is straight forward. They are quite affordable too (e.g. TTS is one of the cheapest I found for its quality)

I could switch to a different provider if I needed to maybe with cheaper pricing or better models but that doesn't mean OpenAI doesn't offer a "product".
> your own example of defining an enum value

That is hardly the only place that has a constant-expression in the grammar. (BTW, D enums can also be floats, and even string literals!) You could use CTFE to initialize const floating point globals. static_assert also takes a constant-expression.

> There's just a boatload of gotchas.

The D community has 17 years experience with it. It remains an indispensable feature.

As for embedding a printf, that has come up. Recall elsewhere I said that only the path through a function has to be pure for CTFE to work, not the whole function?

int sum(int a, int b) {
int s = a + b;
if (!__ctfe) printf("sum is %d\n", s);
return s;
}

__ctfe is a keyword that says "CTFE is executing this function".

> If you could use this feature to define huge matrices of floats, that'd be pretty cool!

I use it to statically initialize complicated tables at compile time. Before CTFE, I wrote a separate executable that would emit source code with the array initializer. I like the new way mucho bettero.

If you prefer "hideous hacks" (your words!) I won't take that away from you.
I'm not talking about telling them that something is broken, but moreso telling them that you are disappointed. They only care that something is broken insofar as it affects their sales. A soured customer or potential customer, or famous person, or professional, or anyone else, is a long term drag on the reputation of a company. Much more than a silent customer that does nothing.

Just do something instead of nothing. Mark as spam. Post a negative thing. Email them. Post on social media. Just do something instead of nothing. Show your disapproval out loud to everyone instead of silently accepting it and moving on. Please.
These laws just push people towards shadier sources of porn that have far less oversight or accountability. Even if we were to implement one of the reasonable-sounding age verifications systems mentioned in the article, the outcome would still be more young people discovering porn via torrents or Discord servers or whatever kids use these days, instead of PornHub.
This place has an elevation of 5000m and the air is super dry.
As someone who likes C header files, I enjoy manually maintaining them. Designing the interface separately from the implementation feels good to me, and a well-structured .h file is nicer to read than any auto-generated docs I've encountered.