skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I’m excited to share Content Extractor with Vision LLM, an open-source Python tool I’ve been working on. It extracts content (text and images) from documents (PDF, DOCX, PPTX) and generates detailed image descriptions using Vision Language Models like Ollama’s llama3.2-vision and OpenAI GPT-4 Vision.

The output is clean, structured Markdown, useful for tasks like knowledge management, archiving, or preprocessing content for other AI models.

Key Features:

Multi-format support: PDF, DOCX, PPTX.
Flexible processing:
Text + Images: Extract text and images separately.
Page as Image: Preserve layouts as high-res images (300 DPI).
Image descriptions via local (Ollama) or cloud-based models (OpenAI).
Modular design (SOLID principles).
Simple CLI and detailed logging.
Tech Stack:

Python 3.12
Document processing libraries: PyMuPDF, python-docx, python-pptx
Vision Language Models: Ollama llama3.2-vision, OpenAI GPT-4 Vision
How to Try It:

Clone the repo:
bash
Copy code
git clone https://github.com/MDGrey33/content-extractor-with-vision.gi...
cd content-extractor-with-vision
Install dependencies using Poetry.
Start the Ollama server and pull the llama3.2-vision model:
bash
Copy code
ollama serve
ollama pull llama3.2-vision
Run the tool:
bash
Copy code
poetry run python main.py --source ./example_folder --type pdf
What I’d Love to Hear:

Feedback on design, features, or use cases.
Suggestions for improving modularity or adding functionality.
Contributions (e.g., testing, documentation, new features).
GitHub Repository: Content Extractor with Vision LLM

Looking forward to your thoughts, ideas, or any issues you encounter!

Cheers,
Roland Abou Younes
>>>> there’s basically no money in it

Who cares there's no money in it? Lots of things that have been corrupted with money are also hardly worth pursuing.
No, dark matter is quite different. There are a number of different lines of evidence for dark matter. One of these is sort of similar to dark energy, in that it is needed to explain the slower-than-expected expansion of the universe at early times. But the most compelling line of evidence for dark matter (IMO) is baryon acoustic oscillations in the CMB.
How is this any different to any other piece of network capable software that’s listening to a port on your machine?

An external network firewall can only offer protection if you can somehow guarantee that every packet that hits a specific node is first routed via that firewall. Traditionally nobody has setup networks like that, because it requires routing every single packet via a single common bottleneck, causing huge latency and throughput problems.

As for packets going via the network stack, and then the go runtime. Do you honestly believe there’s set of vulnerabilities out there which would allow random external packets to be sent to a random machine, and cause an RCE by virtue of simply being process by the OS kernel, which somehow can only be exploited if you’re running Tailscale? Better still, if such a vulnerability exists, what on earth makes you think your firewall isn’t also vulnerable to same issue, given that pretty much every firewall out there is built on the Linux kernel these days.
SrsRAN: Open-Source 4G/5G
We've banned this account for repeatedly breaking the site guidelines and ignoring multiple requests to stop.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
I was reading the book "How Big Things Get Done," which is immensely applicable to the field of software engineering. The book is about how and why big projects fail. The book mentioned that IT projects were among the worst in cost and time overrun. I see essentially a win-win situation for software developers:

Either,

AI will enhance the work of software engineering on a fundamental level, helping SWE projects to be delivered (more) on time and with high(er) quality (I can't state how amazing this would be)

OR

things won't get significantly better, projects still can't reliably be delivered, software quality doesn't get better, etc. (the robots won't be taking our jobs)

It will be interesting to see which future we'll end up.
> It's becoming a pattern: Teams use AI to rapidly build impressive demos. The happy path works beautifully. Investors and social networks are wowed. But when real users start clicking around? That's when things fall apart.

Oh no. We will have to endure another sort of AI slop infesting the web? It's bad enough as it is. Most smaller web sites are already broken in tiny ways. Who hasn't had to break out the browser debugger just get past some web sites broken order page?

Sloppy reviews, images, chat bots, and phishing are everywhere now. In this brave new world someone no computer experience tinkering a home with can produced a beautiful looking web site that's broken it 1000's of ways, we are going to be overrun with this crap. And they are going to be harvesting login email addresses and passwords.

It's going to be a rough decade.
The Great Polish Sea, or We Forgot Poland
Transform RSS Feeds into Insights Using Matcha's Analyst (Investment Use Case)
It sounds like the system would release a hormone known as glucagon when blood sugar levels are too low. Glucagon triggers cellular pathways that break down glycogen stores into glucose molecules, and releases the glucose into the bloodstream. This is opposed to how diabetics handle it normally, by merely eating a sugary snack- however that takes longer to impact blood sugar levels. Depleting these stores could be catastrophic when they actually need a large amount of sugar to be dumped into the bloodstream

Disclaimer: not a doctor or biologist
You probably mass apply to jobs you aren’t remotely qualified for.
The Apache license doesn't say you can't sue the original authors or you lose the right to the code, its all about patent licensing:

If You institute patent litigation against any entity (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate as of the date such litigation is filed.
Are you not benefiting from this site. I come here to read things and shelter with like minded peoples. I don’t see ads.
If you’re asking the question, you clearly don’t have to worry about money. For most it’s a question of survival.
What stops an attacker from abusing the same header?

It could be kinda-secure if the header had to have a payload which matched a certain value pre-approved for a time-period. However an insider threat could see the test going on and then launch their own campaign during the validity window.
Is the "75 Hard" trend worth the hype?
Half the call: “yeah I’m on a plane”
It generally takes a long time to change the text of a formal requirement. Changing the meaning of the existing text doesn't take so long.
Had to look it up, this seems to be the paper https://research.google/pubs/federated-learning-for-mobile-k...
If you have an iPhone, NextDNS is free/very cheap and blocks all ads everywhere (except in the YT app, for this you need to route the YT traffic over to Albania, they get no YT ads there for some reason)
Presuming you are referring to this: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AACS_encryption_key_controvers...

> Outside the Internet and the mass media, the key has appeared in or on T-shirts, poetry, songs and music videos, illustrations and other graphic artworks, tattoos and body art, and comic strips.

Using the encryption key to decrypt the data on a DVD is illegal “circumvention” per DMCA 1201, if it’s done without authorization from the copyright owner of the data on the DVD. If it were really illegal to simply publish the key on a website, then printing it on clothing that they sold instead would not be a viable loophole.

I’m glad it is still referred to as a controversy that they were issuing cease and desist letters for publishing information when the actual crime they had in mind, which was not alleged in the letters, is using the information to decrypt a DVD.
It was quite obvious to everyone for a long time that commodity steel production will be outcompeted by countries with lower wages, lower energy costs or both. US is not competitive on wages for commodity products, so investing in mass production of regular steel was a bad idea.

Specialty steel has a barrier of entry - not every third world country can make it. Even today China imports most of the bearings for high-speed trains and planes. This grants high margins to the few companies that know how to produce this steel, this is where US can compete.

So what happened there was normal business decisions, not "creative destruction playing out". Economy beats politics for once.
TL;DR: Economic measures are complex and GDP per capita does not at all translate immediately to median/ average household income. Data distribution matters.

Good reference discussion illustrating many points: https://old.reddit.com/r/explainlikeimfive/comments/1fttduv/...
> so we need to reboot from the ground up then.

Taiwan did exactly that in 1995: [0]

Of course, rebooting your health system from scratch is sort of like rewriting your janky legacy software from scratch: more often fantasized about than done!

[0]: The Leap to Single-Payer: What Taiwan Can Teach https://archive.is/m0go1
That could be GymLink, which is a simple 5 kHz LF transmission. It’s also used so that it can work while swimming.

Here’s a discussion about it: https://www.eevblog.com/forum/rf-microwave/looking-for-a-rec...
1) You do not necessarily have the email address of a government scientist working on a black project. 2) And if you do, the Urey example cited demonstrates that they are fully empowered to lie to you about the importance of a research line of interest.
Thanks! Macroexpanded:

How NAT traversal works (2020) - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36969018 - Aug 2023 (106 comments)

How NAT traversal works (2020) - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30707711 - March 2022 (37 comments)

How NAT Traversal Works - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=24241105 - Aug 2020 (28 comments)

(p.s. your links weren't clickable because lines that are indented with 2 or more spaces get formatted as code - see https://news.ycombinator.com/formatdoc)
I forgot about leaving bottles for the milk man. Certainly a more expensive way of doing business than a one off bottle you don’t have to collect and clean though.
Look, I get that you don’t see it that way, but dismissing this as some far-right echo chamber narrative feels pretty shortsighted. When I hear this stuff from actual Canadians - family, friends, and people living the experience - it’s hard to chalk it up to 'outside forces' pushing an agenda.

I’m not saying Alberta’s voice is literally drowned out in the sense that it’s silent. It’s drowned out in the sense that for all the noise, policy-wise, Alberta’s concerns often get sidelined while other regions take priority. That frustration isn’t imaginary. You might be comfortable with how things are, but not everyone is.

Shrill? Persecution complex? Maybe. Or maybe people are just fed up and tired of feeling like they’re being patronized when they point out legitimate issues. You can call it overblown, but the cracks are there whether you acknowledge them or not.
It will result in a more poor experience online. You want the people providing the service act on their own behalf. Not a more controlling entity to do so. I agree
From the linked issue

> by running docker images that map the ports to my host machine

If you start a docker container and map port 8080 of the container to port 8080 on the host machine, why would you expect port 8080 on the host machine to not be exposed?

I don't think you understand what mapping and opening a port does if you think that when you tell docker to expose a port on the host machine that it's a bug or security issue when docker then exposes a port on the host machine...

docker supports many network types, vlans, host attached, bridged, private, etc. There are many options available to run your containers on if you don't want to expose ports on the host machine. A good place to start: If you don't want ports exposed on the host machine then probably should not start your docker container up with host networking and a port exposed on that network...

Regardless of that, your container host machines should be behind a load balancer w/ firewall and/or a dedicated firewall, so containers poking holes (because you told them to and then got mad at it) shouldn't be an issue
A rocket that could challenge SpaceX's dominance is poised to launch
iOS and ad-blocking in apps that aren’t Firefox on android
Anything less would be throwing your customers under the bus.

Of course there are well known companies out there closing services with a only couple months notice ; but that's not an example to follow.
> imagine an airline user from 1950's jet age, who would be beyond astounded to learn a human could talk to anyone on the planet from the middle of the freakin' ocean, through a series of space-based microwave relays—they would give their right hand to live in that reality.

Well, perhaps, since air travel was much more heavily slanted towards high-ranking executives. For them communication matters.

For the vast majority of everyone, it is true now, and it was then, that sending and receiving communications up to a day earlier than otherwise doesn't approach the value of your right hand.
I don't have lived experience with Nucor, but some years ago I read "Plain Talk" by Ken Iverson, who was Nucor's CEO. I don't have context but I remember it being a breezy, folksy management book, and one that had high believability because it came from the horse's mouth -- not some management consultant. It doesn't mean there's no hagiography, but at least you get more practicality out of CEO-written books than management consultant fluff.

Nucor today is the largest steel company in the US (and more profitable than US Steel). I believe they too produce commodity steel, but they were able to stay competitive because of good management, investment in updated technologies like electric arc furnaces, and focus on the quality and service market segments that foreign steelmakers have a hard time competing in.
https://lunatic.solutions/blog/magic-handler-functions-in-ru...

https://github.com/alexpusch/rust-magic-patterns/blob/master...
The west already had its industrial revolution, and it's getting a lot of mileage out of it's infrastructure. China on the other hand is building for the first time, as opposed to updating and maintaining old infra. It's a different problem and cost benefit analysis.
Given how poor an experience most phone screens are… not going to pay for that, ever.
Funnily Mozilla had implemented Web Bluetooth API for Firefox OS long ago: https://wiki.mozilla.org/B2G/Bluetooth
If you can't fix this with a little help from chatgpt or Google you shouldn't be building the models frankly let alone mucking with other people's...
The great thing about my agent, which I left out, is that it extracts out all the named blocks using just pure Python, so that the prompt itself has them embedded directly in it. That's faster and more efficient than even having a "tool call" that extracts blocks by name. So I needed a solution where my own code can get named block content out of any kind of file. Having one syntax that works on ALL types of files was ideal.

UPDATE: In other words it's always "block_begin" "block_end" regardless of what the comment characters are which will be different for different files of course.
'Forgotten' water harvesting system transforms 'barren wasteland' into farmland
> Here incorporating as an ltd (limited liability) costs I think £25

They've increased it to (a still reasonable) £50, I assume to help fund the new legal obligations that Companies House has been given.
Can’t you use a mobile data connection?
https://github.com/alexpusch/rust-magic-patterns/blob/master...
Oh, having lived in Mississippi when I was a kid, I can answer that. Mississippi has enormous wealth inequality, so even if its average is on par with Germany, you can find a lot of people living in squalid single wides in the boonies without much access to any kind of services. And that’s white poverty, African Americans in the delta have it worse than that.

They also just have alot of rich people to balance that out. If you live there with a decent income, you might not notice the squalor much at all.
Not extensive enough.

I expect a very curious individual such as yourself to make the same or if not higher level of analysis as the one on Adrian Dittmann for roon.

All of this information without their consent, including their close family and friends, children and other information about where they live, their private information floating on the internet and who they work and their work history (all blurred out of course).

Then we can definitely conclude that roon is or is not Altman, we both know that roon and Altman work at OpenAI so you can start your investigation there.
I would prefer you to put hacker news in another category this site has quality information and comments unlike many other sites. This site also is not riddled with ads, which is a plus for all of us here. What makes you see that any other way?
Myth of Meritocracy
I found the problem, when I followed the links I ended up installing the "classic" version of simh but it didn't like the vax780.ini, biggest clue was "set quiet" everything else was very confusing to me haha

Installing simh from "open-simh" and everything works according to instructions, I tried using the version V3.12-5 mentioned on the page https://simh.trailing-edge.com/ and this (and all 3.x?) is the "classic" simh and didn't support the referenced vax780.ini, but the version from github (4.x?) worked. Very cool to see vms boot!
Between MongoDB running without a password by default and quick start guides brushing over anything security related, the industry can use a more security-conscious mindset.

However, security is hard and people will drop interest in your project if it doesn't work automatically within five minutes.

The hard part is at what experience level the warnings can stop. Surely developer documentation doesn't need the "docker exposes ports by default" lesson repeated every single time, but there are a _lot_ of "beginner" tutorials on how to set up software through containers that ignore any security stuff.

For instance, when I Google "how to set up postgres on docker", this article was returned, clearly aimed at beginners: https://medium.com/@jewelski/quickly-set-up-a-local-postgres...
This will setup a simply-guessable password on both postgres and pgadmin, open from the wider network without warning. Not so bad when run on a VM or Linux computer, quite terrible when used for a small project on a public cloud host.

The problems caused by these missing warnings are almost always the result of lacking knowledge about how Docker configures it networks, or how (Linux) firewalls in general work. However, most developers I've met don't know or care about these details. Networking is complicated beyond the bare basics and security gets in the way.

With absolutely minimal impact on usability, all those guides that open ports to the entire internet can just prepend 127.0.0.1 to their port definitions. Everyone who knows what they're doing will remove them when necessary, and the beginners need to read and figure out how to open ports if they do want them exposed to the internet.
Homomorphic, not homeomorphic
In the past, in the days of "early high capitalism," it was the inverse: the capitalists were under such duress from market conditions that their everyday fate was completely unpredictable, one could become rich or poor on a whim of the market. On the other hand, the workers, seeing the uncertainty in the movement of capital, organized themselves and attempted to overthrow the system. Thus, the counter-revolution, the subject of Marx's 18th Brumaire book. This happens in many places, in many times, over and over again, whenever the workers gain some level of consciousness the capitalists realize that they too are a class, and they fight back against them, and they get stronger and more well-organized every time. But the market demands unpredictability, mobility, interchangeability; these counterrevolutions fall apart by their own conditions of possibility, that of the rule of the very class whose sole wealth comes from further destabilizing their own ability to rule. These crises, when they happen, are the only cracks in the counter-revolution; and both the strains of organized labor on the economy and the development of capital itself can create their conditions. On account of that, if one wishes to overturn the rule of capital, they have two choices: as a worker, to become an organizer. As a capitalist, to expand the rule of capital and break through state-controls.

So, while there may not be "meritocracy," there certainly is a virtue in the domination of the market over the domination of the state, and individuals in any class position benefit from the liberalization of an economy.
I love ultrawides rather than the standard 16:9s. You can put two windows side by side and each is still usable.
Show HN: GeoDownloader – A tool for downloading OpenStreetMap data easily
After finding it tedious to download specific OpenStreetMap data for my small projects, I built GeoDownloader (https://geodownloader.com) to make the process visual and simple. The biggest pain points I wanted to solve:

- Having to use complex Overpass queries for basic OSM data downloads
- Needing programming knowledge or GIS knowledge (for using available GIS apps) to get specific map data
- Most importantly; lack of visual feedback and allowing to select specific features before downloading

What it does:
- Draw areas on a map to select regions (no queries needed)
- Visual tag selector for OSM data types
- Live preview of selected data
- Export to GeoJSON, GeoPackage or ESRI Shapefile (feel free to suggest other file formats)
- Free to use (for up to 100 features, and there is a small fee for up to 10k features)

The goal was to make OpenStreetMap data accessible to everyone, not just developers or GIS professionals.

I'd love feedback from the HN community, especially if you work with OpenStreetMap data. What features would make this more useful for your workflow?

My blog post with more details: https://mete.dev/2025/01/02/launching-geodownloader-com-simp...
I needed this 3 days ago before I approached a mental breakdown, haha.
I feel like size of the home is the limiting factor more than anything. Before plastic funkos it was little ceramic cherubs grandma was filling all the available shelving with.
Apologies for butting in.

Programming language adjustments sound good on the surface but don’t really cut deep enough, as far as the problem domain is concerned.

This is both research and implementation of a military grade solution.

Think about it this way: both the electrical engineering and the mathematics you are combining are (a) cutting edge in their respective fields (for the most part) and (b) cutting edge in their combination. Finding good ways of expressing that Geometric structure in a programming language feature or as a subroutine library is 10 years and many more applications (read: real world tests) down the road from where original poster’s work takes place for the government.

And ipunchghosts seems to have encountered what other people in his position convey behind closed doors: The researchers are sacrificial pawns and even sacrificial chess queens. Your mileage may vary, of course.

Edit: Typo
I would totally pay for this if there were a real advantage (fewer applicants, guaranteed face to face screening, etc).
Not if it's going through remote, unpopulated areas (like the California Zephyr).
It's native in Safari