skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> But still my intuition is that for any consistent formal system I should be able to find a more powerful system that can express strictly more things

The problem with defining more and more powerful systems is that we have an arbitrary selection of axioms to choose from. For example, if we start with the Peano axioms and define a Goedel sentence (i.e. a specific instance of "this sentence cannot be proven"), then we can choose to extend that system either by adding that sentence as an axiom, or adding its negation as an axiom. Both would result in a consistent system. Then we can define a Goedel sentence in that system, and make a more powerful system by making that or its negation an axiom. And so on.

This process of choosing new axioms does make our formal system strictly more powerful (it can prove/refute sentences which were unprovable in the weaker systems, and their consequences); but it's not very useful or interesting, since we're just arbitrarily choosing whether those extra sentences should be provable or not.

This is related to the fact that any particular formal system can only compute a few digits of Chaitin's constant (since we can only ever solve the halting problem for a subset of all possible programs). We can consistently extend our chosen system by specifying subsequent digits as axioms, but that doesn't really tell us anything; we're just asserting it, for no particular reason one way or another.
Show HN: I made a free AI chatbot but only in emojis
Hi HN, I built a chatbot but the ai can only reply in emojis. See AI try hard to express itself in emojis is hilarious:D. Please try out and let me know how it goes.
> Music is not decadent.

It can be. Primitive music eliciting primitive emotions is certainly decadent.
But why use a rpi 5 at that cost?

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40209801
They certainly are. This is a case of people with little knowledge and a lot of confidence being the most dangerous.
> "Some people are judgy about sex work. People say it's a shame or even that it is shameful," Mitcham said. "But what I do is a very light version of sex work, like the low-fat version of mayonnaise selling the sizzle rather than the steak."

Hm, so which one is it now? If you're arguing that sex work shouldn't be stigmatized, it shouldn't matter how light or heavy it is?
They existed, but where they "raves" or just clubs and venues playing rave music?

Proper raves where the DIY open or underground fare, secretly organized, communicated with flyers or whisper-net, etc. And when the 1994 act banned them there was a lot of (justified) anger from the rave "community"! In any case, still a British thing.
> Unless, that is, I agree to work on a comparable solution for the university focused on solving the underlying problem I was building HuskySwap for

That's hardly readable, how could they act like that?
I am sad to say it but you need the help of a lawyer and the most backup you'll get the better. The way they presented the case will never get solved in a happy manner. Do not let them get the code and the IP. Keep on!
Actually, most of the sports are boring to watch.

Everything is about context.

Football is more entertaining than fencing?

Go to a Sunday local game against two amateur teams where the only attendance is you and one of the player's uncle and you have to stay standing up next to the field while its pouring rain.

Then go to a fencing contest with 100+ people in attendance, music and a great speaker.

Now tell me which one looks more entertaining?

I used to think like you, until I watched big darts tournaments and curling with a great speaker.
It went from "uh, who watches darts? it's stupid!" to "quiet, I'm watching darts!".

That's also why, depending on the country, popular sports are not the same, because they developped a culture and know how to make it entertaining.
The bigger question to my mind is why does 14GB of RAM cost $70?

2GB Pi5 - $50
16GB Pi5 - $120

I can see the uses of having more RAM, but surely it's cheap enough to make 4GB standard, with options for 8/16GB that are sensibly priced - removing one SKU.
I did an OS dev course in uni, that was some 15 years ago. We used Minix, which is super cleanly written (5kloc kernel) and is covered by many textbooks (sorry but can't remember which one I used, but there's also the official one).

I got to implement a simple server (Minix is a μkernel so that's how most drivers work) and do some kernel hacking. I read the course material in advance and didn't even attend any lectures, still got an 8/10 grade ^^

I've also heard many good things about NetBSD and of course SerenityOS (Andreas did a lot of development on live streams).

It is indeed easy once you know where to start.
"How wrong" is something I can't quantify. It’s tough to pin down a single “modified margin of error,” but I’d say it’s bigger than what the poll shows. Multi-tier questions automatically have smaller sample sizes per option, which inflates the margin of error. Throw in social desirability bias (people not wanting to admit an unpopular opinion) and you get systematic skews on top of random error.
Given the amount of money floating around in the Olympic system, it's ridiculous that athletes don't get paid properly.

Leaving aside the whole drug aspect of the Enhanced Games, at least they are committing to pay athletes properly.

Also these are the salaries of the IoC directors: https://www.sportandpolitics.de/ioc-directors-salaries-2024-...
You could argue a particular person spent 44 billion but its a fuzzy argument. It's hard to tell..
> actual outside-the-lines culture or experience

Like racism?

Whoops, not that kind of outside-the-lines, buddy! We only do the certified kind of transgressions here!
The Latin Modern font on this website does not look so good in Chrome, is it because of the font size, or is it just me? (Chrome)
At the time of this Universal Declaration of Human Rights being published, the UN had 54 member countries[0]. Not sure what organization in human history is better positioned to author such a declaration.

Further, nitpicking around the definition of "rights", or who is worthy of declaring them has zero relevance to the point I'm making - that health care is traditionally an element of human rights policies and/or has a deep connection to the subject of human rights.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Na...
In the old days, where I live (and I'm guessing most of Mediterranean Europe) we had goats. It was a superb utilization of resources really, goats eat almost any vegetation - even hard bramble - so the shepherds would take them to the forest, and they would eat the vegetation buildup that serves as the fuel for these fires.

That would be a win-win situation for everyone. We would get goat meat/milk for free (minus the shepherd effort) and the forest would be mostly clean.

This is quite rare now. Sure, in some places in the mountains we still have that because life is hard there and there's little else you can get from the land. But it's mostly disappearing.
Bigger caches. Making entire RAMFS or tmpfs partitions (filesystems but in RAM) for applications or tinkering with things. https://wiki.debian.org/ramfs , Virtualization / VMs, databases. Loading large files into RAM instead of having to read by row/column on a HD.

I'd rather have more RAM available unused than not have RAM available and need it. Been the general rule of thumb for me for the last 30ish years.
What if you ask them, instead, "would you like a 1% chance of dying of covid (being a healthy male under 40) or an unknown chance at an unknown reaction that may include myocarditis from a new treatment?", then why do it?

For a while, this was what those around me were saying. It was much, much later that covid itself was associated with even more myocarditis than the vaccine.
Sure, but it is a configuration format if it is intended to be used in all kind of languages you have to show bow to deal with it in all kind of languages.

Checks that might be trivial in OCaml might be utter footguns in say C.

Don't get me wrong here, I get that this is someones spare time project that they might use for themselves only. I am fine with that. But I am unconvinced if the (I admit: well demonstrated) simplicity of the format translates to simplicity of use in the scope it aimed for (replacement for other wide spread configuration formats).

I don't say it is impossible (or even unlikely) that this is an improvement, I just caution against seeing an elegant minimalist approach and automatically assuming it makes things simpler — remember, computers with their binary file systems already have the most simple format that could exist: zero or one. Yet somehow people shot themselves in the foot parsing those for decades. Much of the complexity of computer systems stems from managing the simplicity of the underlying components (if we ignore the thick layer historically grown cruft).

What would it take to change my mind? Elegant examples how to parse all the examples in that post using major programming languages (C, C++, Javascript, Java, Python, Go, Rust, ...). That is ofc a lot of work, but if the format should be adopted that work would be needed anyways.
Curious how this can augment document authoring! Can you toss some ideas?
You argue against things you disagree with, you don't suppress them. When you suppress them, you just turn them into mystery religions.

Also, incels don't need a manifesto to learn how to hate women. The reason they were looking for the manifesto is because they hate women.
Seems like an odd takeaway to me - they fired 90% of their staff and now pump out new features way more quickly than old Twitter.
> But I distilled my thoughts into a list of 5 reasons the 16 GB Pi 5 ought to exist:

Another reason why one might want to buy one is as a build server for arm64 packages.
We can't trust people who say "the science" is on their side. We can't trust popular science reporting. If you want to know what the science actually says, you have to dig into it yourself and e.g. read some papers (and even that might not be enough - you have to know which journals are credible and which aren't).
We are seeing many projects moving from etcd to custom metadata solutions or SQL-based systems in recent years. SQL as a meta store is quite underrated imo.
Case Study – Using a JavaScript component inside a Haskell application
Nearly without joking: Karl Marx..

As you seem to want to acquire or manage the means of production:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Means_of_production
Heh, indeed—that's my plan for the 16 GB Pi 5, to swap it out for the 32 TB all-SSD Pi NAS setup I've been running for the past year! https://github.com/geerlingguy/arm-nas
For PC-like applications I would tend to agree. A quick look at prices here in the UK:

* Rpi5 16GB - £114.90 (Pi Hut)

* Mini PC N150, 16GB (upgradable), 512GB M.2 SSD (upgradable), Win 11 Pro - £169.95 (Amazon)
Absolutely blows my mind that, in 2025, anyone can treat getting in a car drunk and causing death as anything less than premeditated. Motonormativity strikes again, I guess.
Here in CA, it's more about reducing the spreading speed than about the resistance level once the fire gets there. All the large structure fires in recent years spread at breakneck speeds during an offshore wind event. In these cases, all that firefighters can do early on is evacuate people.
I guess so. I don't begrudge them money, but I wish they could find a better way to make it than resorting to the old apple business model.
From a brief look at their "people" page, it seems like they're all involved with chapters of the DSA (Democratic Socialists of America). If anything, this suggests against foul play, as their incentive would be to denigrate for-profit healthcare and overstate support for Mangione.

I am wary of the accuracy of the poll because it was an online one, but it does generally agree with a similar Economist/YouGov poll.
Not everyone has such little self-worth.
I’ve seen on the localllama subreddit that some GGUFs have bugs in them. The one recommended was by unsloth. However, I don’t know how the Ollama GGUF holds up.
Ah yes. php of course
Nuclear power is expensive for Germany. Uranium would need to be imported and enriched, there is no storage capacity for waste, former solutions have failed massively.

Chernobyl irradiated a huge part of the whole continent of Europe and poisoned parts of the food chain. This is not the same risk dimension as unsafe cars.

And the radiation of Fukushima probably entered the food chain at different points as well. Contrary to popular belief, radiation doesn't homogenously disperse in the ocean. Measuring the negative effects isn't trivial. Sure, water is a very good radiation absorber, so you won't get problems from direct radiation.

I would totally buy the Enron egg for personal use but that is beside the point. And I still would have no means to recycle it, so I would make it a problem of future generations as well.

Of course coal isn't a solution, I am happy that nobody starts with ideas like liquifying it into oil. But I think nobody is disputing that.
That sloppy reporting _is_ the educating of people.
OK, a few things that languages ought to have:

- Everything except C now has standard strings, not just arrays of characters. Almost all languages now have some standard way to do key/value sets. What else ought to be standard?

-- Arrays of more than one dimension would be helpful for numerical work. Most languages descended from C lack this. They only have arrays of arrays. Even Rust lacks it. Proposals run into bikeshedding - some people want rectangular slices out of arrays, which means carrying stride info around.

-- Standard types for 2, 3 and 4-element vectors would help in graphics work. There are too many different implementations of those in most language and too much conversion.

Things to think about:

- Rust's ownership restrictions are harsh. Can we keep the safety and do more?

-- The back-reference problem needs to be solved somehow. Back references can be done with Rc and Weak, but it's clunky.

-- Can what Rust does with Rc, RefCell, and .borrow() be checked at compile time? That allows eliminating the run-time check, and provides assurance that the run-time check won't fail. Something has to look at the entire call tree at compile time, and sometimes it won't be possible to verify this at compile time. But most of the time, it should be.

-- There's a scheme for ownership where there's one owning reference and N using references. The idea is to verify at compile time that the using references cannot outlive the owning one. Then there's no need for reference counds.

-- Can this be extended to the multi-thread case? There have been academic demos of static deadlock detection, but that doesn't seem to have made it into production languages.

-- A common idiom involves things being owned by handles, but also indexed for lookup by various keys. Dropping the handle drops the object and removes it from the indices. Is that a useful general purpose operation? It's one that gets botched rather often.

-- Should compilers have SAT-solver level proof systems built in?

-- Do programs really have to be in monospaced fonts? (Mesa on the Alto used the Bravo word processor as its text editor. Nobody does that any more.)

-- There's async, there are threads, and there are "green threads", such as Go's "goroutines". Where's that going?

-- Can we have programs which run partly in a CPU and partly in a GPU, compiled together with the appropriate consistency checks, so the data structures and calls must match to compile?

-- How about "big objects?" These are separately built program components which have internal state and some protection from their callers. Microsoft OLE did that, some .dll files do that, and Intel used to have rings of protection and call gates to help with that, hardware features nobody used. But languages never directly supported such objects.

So there are a few simple ideas to think about.
Because Raspberry Pi is trying to IPO
When many AI marketeers say the opposite, it's still newsworthy.
It's a niche use case, and other Arm SBCs do better, but Pi 5 still holds an edge for efficiency, if you're power-constrained.
Woke censoring seems to be cumulatively dangerous.

I tried to ask about "SS Neekeri", which was a steam ship moving Finnish tar to England and also humourous radioplay.

Instead I got sermon about German SchutzStaffel and warning that "Neekeri" is an offensive word nowadays.

I might lose all my AI accounts if keep asking these Nazi Kwestions.
This specific user has a very long history on SO and the rest of the network. You have to assume that this history might have played a part in the decision to suspend instead of only warning.
What looks stupid and cool is purely subjective.

Fencing is hard to follow because its fast and movements are subtle.

> If someone wants to spend their time seeing how far they can throw a stick, cool, but they shouldn't be surprised they're waking up to an empty bank account every day.

But if someone wants to see how well they can kick a ball its somehow worth paying them?

The biggest factor here is that team sports are brandable and build brand loyalty in a way individual sports cannot.
Second hand NUCs cost 70 bucks, sometimes even lower and offer way more bang for buck than a RPi. Use an adafruit breakout for usb -> GPIO and you're good.
Good to know that not only my homeland Olympic Committee is a pathological organization!
Another (admittedly less portable) way to solve the resizing problem is to reserve a large virtual memory space using linux mmap with the PROT_NONE flag and then commit pages as needed using mprotect with PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE flags. I believe windows' VirtualAlloc/VirtualProtect also allows this
solo all the way for me. Too many meetings just kills my flow
We've banned this account for repeatedly crossing into slurs against a national group. That's totally unacceptable here.

Normally I'd warn an account first rather than banning, but this has been way beyond the pale for a long time.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42604695

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42603280

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42518289

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42385719

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42385334

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42355580

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42355342

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42354431

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42130967

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40225735

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38921531

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37975377

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37619036

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37445758

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37018553

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35754603
I think modern term is "Premium". Which is more expensive than standard. Maybe it is more indirect, but it is very often there.
a closer comparison would be the sbc with n100 chip. they are roughly same price

but n100 sbc offer much better performance, and power consumption as well

> I managed to get my N100 mini pc to 1.3-1.5W idle power consumption at wall with active wifi connection (screen turned off), so for headless server idling most of the time the N100 is better option.

https://www.cnx-software.com/2024/04/29/raspberry-pi-5-intel...
They did in June.

https://www.londonstockexchange.com/stock/RPI/raspberry-pi-h...
It's of course terrible what's happening in LA. But we're talking about a rich area in a rich city in a state that is very rich and I just read an article about some pretty famous people that I've heard off losing their houses that collectively probably have a net worth hundreds of millions (or individually in some cases) that lost their houses. They'll be fine, financially at least. You'd struggle to find a richer place in the world.

Some things that crossed my mind:

- Affected people probably spend way more on personal security, lawyers, dog grooming, plastic surgery, etc. than on fire safety in that area. I.e. all the extravagant nonsense that spoiled millionaires in LA and these areas in LA specifically are famous for spending their money on. I watched the new beverly hills cop movie on Netflix over the summer (not amazing) that makes fun of that specifically.

- Given the string of wild fires specifically in LA in the last few years, how is it that they are not more prepared for this and what genius decided that now was a good moment to cut spending on the fire department? And who voted that clown into office? Oh wait that would be the same people that live there that donate money to all sorts of causes by the bucket load.

That doesn't help the people there right now. And I'm sure there are some people caught up in this that are less well off, which totally sucks. But I'm sure charity events will be organized and I'm sure there will be quite a few millionaires attending and performing at these events.

But my point is that they don't exactly have a lot of excuses for not organizing the most awesome, best funded and equipped fire department in the world. Also, on the prevention side there is probably a thing or two that could have been done to e.g. clear out areas of bone dry bushes, wood, etc. that are well known fire hazards. I don't think there's a lot of ignorance on that front that needs addressing.
Late stage capitalism - why would they pay athletes properly?
One aspect people don't tend to mention (and TFA does not because it has "general purpose" as a scope) about doing your own allocation arenas is that because a "pointer" is just the name (really number) of an allocated region, this also affords flexibility in the width of those numbers aka "pointer size" that decides your "address" space.

So, for example, if you are willing to limit yourself to 64 KiNodes of equal sized objects, a pool like https://github.com/c-blake/bst/blob/main/POOL.c can use an unsigned short 2-byte pointer. This small address space specialization can give a full 4x space overhead optimization over modern 64-bit pointers.

You could even use 8x less with 1-byte pointers if 256 nodes is enough or use bit fields or equivalents for even more fine-grained address space size selection. Admittedly, linked structures are usually less interesting for very small address space sizes, but this is sometimes useful. People may complain about arbitrary limits that relate to this kind of optimization, but the linked part could be "small by design" without compromising overall scale { such as for structure within a B-tree node or other multi-level indexing setups }.

In any event, I think it is useful to highlight pointer size arbitrariness to junior engineers. It is often learned once & immediately forgotten behind an onslaught of general purpose-ness (& pointer type systems/syntax). Relocation ideas also relate. E.g., if all the pointers are implicitly indices into a (small?) array, and all the code needs a "base address" of that array to get a VMem address, then you can relocate the whole bundle of objects pretty easily changing only the base address.