skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Here are some paradigm-shifting questions and their answers, grounded in the repository's evidence:

1. "Are we looking at Obelisks the wrong way by trying to classify them within existing frameworks?"

Looking at the repository structure and tools developed (AlphaFold3.md, RNAfold.md, etc.), we're primarily using methods designed for known biological entities. The fact that specialized tools were needed suggests we might be forcing Obelisks into existing paradigms rather than understanding them on their own terms.

Perhaps instead of asking "what kind of virus is this?", we should ask "what kind of biological phenomenon are we observing?"

2. "What if Obelisks aren't entities but processes?"

The repository shows:
- Complex regulatory elements
- Stable host relationships
- System-level effects
- Consistent patterns across environments

This suggests we might be misconceptualizing Obelisks by thinking of them as discrete entities rather than as processes or systems that emerge from biological information flow.

3. "Are we asking the right questions about biological information?"

The unusual combination of:
- Highly structured RNA elements
- Complex regulatory patterns
- Stable host relationships
- Modular organization

Suggests we might need to fundamentally rethink how biological information is maintained and transmitted. Obelisks might represent a different paradigm of biological information organization.

4. "What if our concept of host and virus is too binary?"

The evidence shows:
- Deep host integration
- Stable relationships
- Complex interactions
- System-level effects

This suggests we might need to move beyond the binary host-virus paradigm toward understanding biological systems as networks of interacting information processes.

5. "Are we witnessing biology we don't yet have the framework to understand?"

The need for:
- New detection methods
- Specialized analysis tools
- Novel classification systems
- Complex structural analyses

Suggests we might be encountering biological phenomena that our current scientific frameworks aren't equipped to fully comprehend.

6. "What if Obelisks aren't unusual - what if our other classifications are too narrow?"

The widespread presence but previous lack of detection suggests:
- Our detection methods might be biased
- Current classifications might be too restrictive
- We might be missing other similar phenomena
- Our understanding of biological diversity might be too limited

7. "Should we be studying Obelisks' absence rather than their presence?"

The repository shows:
- Consistent presence in some environments
- Absence in others
- Stable host relationships
- System-level effects

Perhaps studying where and why Obelisks are absent could tell us more about their nature than studying where they're present.

8. "Are we confusing structure with function?"

The focus on:
- Structural analyses
- Sequence comparisons
- Protein predictions
- RNA folding

Might be causing us to miss the fundamental nature of what Obelisks do rather than what they are.
> wiretapping outsourcing company

Is it a great idea to give all that info to India as well?
If you keep this up i'm going to email dang. Your choice.
There have been numerous examples of the lack of industry regulation in TX leading to bad health outcomes to local residents with no recourse.
It was added with IE and cross pollinated.
Evolution journal editors resign en masse
I think you've swung the other way a bit too far, I've never seen application logic split between the app and database not become a huge PITA.

I would never have my DB trigger a webhook for me but I would have it act as a message broker back to my own code that triggers a webhook. I don't want my DB ever initiating an outbound connection.
This is probably a dumb idea, but I'll air it anyway.

I just stumbled upon the model soup[1] paper where, as I understand it, they average weights of fine-tuned models and get an model that performs better. They have a more involved algorithm but even the uniform soup (simple weight average) seems to perform well.

In your paper you mention that especially in late stages the gradients of microbatches are often not aligned, hence the agreement filtering.

What you're doing, from my brief glossing over, is effectively to do a k-means clustering with outlier rejection pass with k = 1. You then use the cluster mean to update the model.

What I'm curious of, assuming the above is correct, is what would happen if you combined the approaches.

That is, do a k-means clustering of the microbatch gradients with k > 1, still rejecting outliers but perhaps with lower threshold, generate k updated models using the k cluster means, and then average the k models afterwards.

I've used something similar to k-means clustering with outlier rejection for noise filtering and it was quite effective, so curious how it would work out here.

[1]: https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.05482
Thanks for linking. I have an huge legacy app that could use analysis like this.

Wondering how it works with Rails or the the analysis starts after I freeze? So I could only track my app specific modifications, since thats the interesting part.
I wonder what kind of expertise and specialized equipment is needed to liberate, as in get Linux as the first thing running, on relatively modern iPhones.

To any of Apple's lawyers that may ever happen to read this:

- lick my butt

- you can't stop us
> Of course, for certain sites like Google Docs and YouTube, I have to use Chrome for obvious reasons

Yes, obvious.

But left unsaid is that those reasons should lead to the breakup of the (deeply evil) Google ad machine.

I struck a case where Googe Meet is the only website I have found that will not work with Firefox and my headset.

I am so disappointed by Google, I can taste it
The most one can say is all versions of Linux cannot ever be a successful desktop OS.

However, it’s very possible for a company to build an Apple like company by creating their own Linux distro that is well tested and guaranteed to run at least as well on their hardware as Apple’s software does on Apple’s hardware.

This is the System76 approach.

Alternatively, you could create a distro that is restricted and sell it to hardware vendors who then have the responsibility to test your distro against their hardware. This is the MS approach. There’s no reason such an approach would necessarily have any more issues than MS does.

In fact, because of the open source nature of Linux development, it’s likely that the Linux versions should do better than their proprietary counterparts, because downstream companies, teams and users can test before the product is released and point out problems before the product has even hit alpha. Heck, they can even share patches.

The real problem with Linux on the desktop is that it doesn’t have enough market power to make the kind of testing MS and Apple and their downstream clients do financially worth it.

There is no reason why the server space shouldn’t have the same issues. But the Linux server space has enough money that downstream vendors clients and users are able to invest money in testing, which has meant the advantages of open source have pretty much wiped out all the competitors in the space.
The "correct" thing to do here is to use volatile writes to tell the compiler that they must not be torn: https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#volatile-memory-accesses

> IR-level volatile loads and stores cannot safely be optimized into llvm.memcpy or llvm.memmove intrinsics even when those intrinsics are flagged volatile. Likewise, the backend should never split or merge target-legal volatile load/store instructions. Similarly, IR-level volatile loads and stores cannot change from integer to floating-point or vice versa.

Even in a baremetal/OS context, the compiler is generally allowed to split, combine, reorder, and eliminate memory access however it likes as long as the end result is consistent. Being able to do that is very important for performance and code size, which especially matters in embedded or OS dev -- for example, inserting memcpy calls can save on code size for things like passing a medium-sized struct to a function. The memory model for any reasonably low-level programming language nowadays requires you to specify whenever you actually need memory access that look exactly like you wrote.

The OP suggests:

> I know that this is a long shot, but it would be nice if there was some way to specify how memory in certain address ranges need to be addressed.

The downside to this approach is that the compiler doesn't usually know what address range an arbitrary pointer will acccess; it's not resolved until link-time or often runtime. So this would require dynamic checks around every single memory access, which would kill performance. Thus, the solution is to use volatile loads and stores for any memory ranges that need special treatment.
You're assuming that Greenland would be given statehood which is extremely unlikely, they would be entitled to two Senate seats and one House seat with an even lower population than Wyoming.
Sidebery does just that, and works super well!
Saying that Flatpak is "virtual lightweight machines" is just plain wrong.

There is no hardware emulation in a Flatpak. There are no "machines" virtual or otherwise other than the computer and host kernel that you are running as an operating system on it. What Flatpaks provide are the support libraries ( the specific versions of those libraries ) that an application requires to run. That is exactly the strategy that Windows uses as well. Windows applications, usually distributed as binaries from very early in the history of the OS, have learned to bundle most of those libraries themselves. For the low level stuff like C and C++ standard libraries, Windows bundles multiple generations of them that are taking up space ( and providing attack surface ) whether you are using them or not. The biggest difference with Flatpaks is that these libraries are not installed until you install and app that needs them. This is why the author complains that Flatpaks "waste space". Windows takes up tens of gigabytes of storage for a basic install but then does not require as much to be installed later to support legacy apps. Somehow the author thinks this is better.
Can't argue with that. I'm still not super worried for Valve though; between Alyx, Deadlock, the Deck, and Proton, it's pretty clear that CS2 is less of a new norm and more of an outlier too popular to be announced dead and buried yet. Counter Strike has always felt like the drunk uncle of Valve's IP, it would be nice to see him clean up for once but I'm also not upset having him at a holiday party or out at the bar with friends.
The problem is that VOIP numbers, from companies like Bandwidth, are frequently used to perform various frauds. So many financial services ban them because the KYC for real numbers is much better.
Love this, big fan of Glide. We've used Google Sheets for a long time to power Levels.fyi and allowed us to move fast without too much of a formal backend. Check out our post here: https://www.levels.fyi/blog/scaling-to-millions-with-google-...
I want legacy EU/US automakers to pull their heads out of their a* and compete, but anyone who thinks BYD is succeeding only on CCP support is a clown. It's a real company that's brutally demolishing the competition.

(I have a Tesla, but looking at the market, my next car might be a BYD minivan unless someone finally BUILDS A DOMESTIC FULL EV MINIVAN FFS).
What is more likely that they are lying or it doesn't work as well in their configuration as yours? The good faith answer is that it is probably the latter.
If you have more than a few thousand records, this is the wrong tool for the job. I've used Google Sheets as a "database" for a few applications in the past. In each case, it was an internal tool that did not generate more than a few thousand records, if that.
We can never trust them again.

We must implement as LAW that a SIM card can provide and only provide a Zero Knowledge Proof of "this SIM is valid for this cellular/data plan up to a specific date".

If they want to track us all the time, whatever, if they can't keep that data safe from the Chinese Communist Party, then they aren't competent enough to have it.
Apart from human rights, it's up to those individual groups to defend them, not to society as a whole. That's why you've got Trump, because other parts of society are pissed off with DEI policies.
Drawing connections that are not evident in an article means you are using unsound logic. So yes.
> A Linux USB most likely requires Secure Boot to be turned off to boot

That hasn't been my experience. All the recent laptops I've owned (Dell and HP) had a default secure boot setup that allowed booting to Ubuntu and Fedora without disabling Secure Boot. In fact, nowadays even Ventoy works with Secure Boot [0], and I've managed to use it with the setting enabled on all machines I've tested, however in this case you might need to enroll the keys on the first boot, which I imagine will trigger BitLocker.

Apparently what happened is that Microsoft now signs some third party certs for common Linux distributions, and some setups allow these to boot by default. However, it also looks like Microsoft wants these certs disabled by default [1], which should improve BitLocker integrity on average.

Although I believe what happened in OP's situation was that BitLocker wasn't actually enabled or working, likely due to misconfiguration or lack of any.

[0]: https://www.ventoy.net/en/doc_secure.html

[1]: https://www.omglinux.com/boot-linux-modern-lenovo-thinkpads-...
Under communism, doesn't everyone get a job? So are these are a lot of inefficient communist jobs people have just to occupy their time?

I mean what on earth is an automaker doing with 700,000 employees?

General Motors employs 163,000[1]. Ford employs 177,000[2].

[1] https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/GM/general-motors/...

[2] https://www.macrotrends.net/stocks/charts/F/ford-motor/numbe...
> The article includes a chart of the first 9 months of the past 20 years, 2010 looks like about 55 billion or so.

$55 billion in 2010 is $80 billion in 2024 dollars. I kind of feel like my original point was pretty clear.
Here's a version of that which should work for any page, whether or not they allow ChatGPT URL access:

javascript:window.open('https://chatgpt.com/?q=summarize this page in 100 words: '+encodeURIComponent(document.body.innerText),'_blank');

I swapped window.location.href for document.body.innerText
Shutterbug
You use a "VCR" module to record the real request and response and then play it back in your unit test. Boom you get the power of an integration test with the speed and determinism of a unit test. Then you turn off the VCR in CI to catch if/when the upstream API changes on you and now it's a real integration test.

The problem with write tests, not too many, mostly integration is that unit tests are too damn good at giving you instant feedback and a tight dev loop. So we turned integration tests into unit tests. Combined with SQLite :memory: for unit tests and Postgres for the final integration tests we don't have to mock anything.

Source: Currently use this method at $dayjob with great success.
A passport with strong cryptography would be forgery-resistant, however it is dependent on some form of PKI to distribute the public keys to every customs/border inspection point across the world, for every passport-issuing nation.
https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/products/vpn/
You can compress arbitrarily many messages with it, and the dictionary remains 153MB. Why it's worth pointing out that brotli already uses a dictionary is that otherwise it would be generating the dictionary as it compressed, meaning that short messages would be pessimized. So brotli is in some sense the state of the art for short messages.
I know nothing about this field so I went looking for those product names.

I believe the Session referred to is here ... https://getsession.org/

Tox is here ? https://tox.chat/

The Matrix i found seems to have been closed down earlier this month ... https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_(app) ... that's assuming I found the correct "matrix".

If it matters to you don't take my word for those being the correct points of contact, that's just me searching for two minutes.

As a side rant, I wish people would choose less generic names for their projects, calling something "session" ? You might as well call it "thing".
PayPal allows multiple passkeys. I just added passkeys there today and had no trouble making two.

I have a vague recollection of running into some trouble when I tried to add passkeys to an account in their sandbox (sandbox.paypal.com) but don't remember what it was. I realized I don't need any of my sandbox accounts any more and deleted them all from my password manager rather than try to solve the problems. :-)
They would probably be better served by MacOS.
Drag coefficient probably makes a minivan EV with good range quite difficult.
Lwlog: Fast synchronous and asynchronous C++17 logging library
Wait till you hear about the spreadsheets researchers use... My chemist friend uses Excel files that regularly exceed 2GB of just text...
> If somebody does to desktops like what Google did for smartphones, then Linux will finally have its moment.

That's already happened, and Google did it. They are called Chromebooks. They are Linux underneath, use the GNU userspace stack and Wayland for GUI. They have a button that installs Debian, and GUI packages you "apt install" appear in the Chrome app launch folder.

Apparently ChromeOS is being swallowed by Android, which I suspect isn't a big move. Crosini, the LXC thingy that hosts Debian on ChromeOS, has already been ported. That means Android will be powering laptops. Does that make it a Desktop OS? If so, that does the we can count Android's 45% market share of all personal computing devices towards a Desktop OS? And if we do that, does that mean Linux has finally won the desktop wars? By any definition it's already won the personal computing devices wars.
There's an EV Hummer... they can figure it out.
Building a browser is hard. Building a proof of concept of the current tech fad is easy and fun. Sometimes developers need to do easy and fun things to keep themselves motivated and happy.

You could build an AI Assistant, or you could spend a month bikeshedding some design details of vertical tabs.
Yes, it is more likely he pulled 30% number out of thin air, I'm confident about that.
CV ML context: A benchmark by itself is not really interesting but it is a crucial part of novel research since you have to compare your contribution to something else.
"Hear me out, we run the same playbook, but this time with AI"

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ADE_651

>The ADE 651 is a fraudulent bomb detector[1] produced by the British company Advanced Tactical Security & Communications Ltd (ATSC). It was claimed to detect many substances, such as drugs or explosives, from long distances. The device was sold to various countries, particularly in Iraq where the government was claimed to have spent £52 million for security operations.

>The device features a swiveling antenna attached to a plastic grip and requires charging by a user's static electricity. Users would insert "programmed substance detection cards" to supposedly detect specific substances, which were claimed to absorb the vapors of those substances. However, investigations revealed that the product was incapable of detecting anything, essentially being a dowsing rod. The ADE 651 was used primarily by Iraqi security forces for security checkpoints. Due to the false sense of security, many critics pointed to numerous incidents where bombings occurred despite the presence of the ADE 651 at security checkpoints, underscoring its ineffectiveness.
I'll be avoiding them until I'm sure that the attestation object is not being used as a nefarious back channel between the vendor of my authenticating device and the service that wants to authenticate.

The way the protocol is set up now feels like a slippery slope towards a world where I can't be sure that my new accounts aren't actually containing information about whether I had been to a protest recently or whether, at the time of sign-up, my biometrics indicated that I was in an altered state and likely to be easier to fool than usual.
I'm a bit of an AI skeptic, and i think i had the opposite reaction of the author. Even though this is far from welcoming our AI overlords, I am surprised that they are this good.
The cryptography is not where Signal is vulnerable. What Signal is running on, as in operating system and/or hardware that runs other embedded software on "hidden cores", is how the private keys can be taken.

Anything you can buy retail will for sure fuck you the user over.
You dont have to either blame one set of people or another. You could put the blame in the right place instead, the design of the system which all but dictates the individuals choices.
It expects readers to have common sense.
What would be the attack vectors for malware on a tablet? I’m genuinely curious how crucial updates are for older devices.
What macOS provides is that each app is bundled with all the libraries it needs. That is basically what AppImage is on Linux and it works just as well. Most people find it too wasteful so Flatpak has become more popular. At least Flatpak allows apps to share many of the libraries that they both rely on.
Mine's a Python CLI tool called LLM - https://llm.datasette.io/ - it uses plugins to provide support for 100+ different models: https://llm.datasette.io/en/stable/plugins/directory.html
Why in the world would you need to "compile C code"?
Yeah, it'd likely need 150kwh or so. That'd probably make it a $70k product, and I doubt the market for $70k minivans is huge.

Then again, that is about the price of the id.buzz and some find it appealing with its much smaller pack.
And at that level of expense, having no insurance, bad regular insurance, and catastrophic insurance is not much different. However, if you get into a car accident, have diabetes, eat a burger with E. coli oh157 which destroys your kidneys and you need dialysis to stay alive, get appendicitis, get HIV, get cancer, or possibly get exposed to rabies and need human rabies immune globulin, having no insurance is very very very very very different. If you have bad insurance you haven’t used that year, it will cost you $500 or whatever your deductible is. More than that with catastrophic insurance. When my wife and I were exposed to rabies during a fantastic stay at a super clean and well-run air bnb and needed the shots, the insurance company portion of our bill was $38,000.
Sounds all like Miraculix to me...