skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Then again, 'reasoning about it' can easily go awry if your knowledge doesn't get updated alongside the CPU architectures. I've seen people confidently say all sorts of stuff about optimization that hasn't been relevant since the early 2000s. Or in the other direction, some people treat modern compilers/CPUs like they can perform magic, so that it makes no difference what you shovel into them (e.g., "this OOP language has a compiler that always knows when to store values on the stack"). Benchmarks can help dispel some of the most egregious myths, even if they are easy to misuse.
Tests are embarrassingly parallel. If you can split up the load for CI then at the limit the slowest response is your slowest running test. I wish more tooling would expose this out of the box, but with some effort it is possible.
I've had some good experience with a mix of those approaches, maybe not using mocks per se, but an "in-memory database implementation" (just a wrapper around the hash map that implements the same behaviors as a repository that deals with a real database) on one hand, and testcontainers on the other. (Still, using an in-memory db is way better than mocking, the tests are not coupled to the implementation details/the underlying model).

For simple use cases where I mostly just read/write from the database and don't expect any of those issues mentioned in the article (constraint violations or concurrency issues, because the application is quite simple tbh, plus I already have some testcontainers based integration tests for the components that deal with a real db and I reuse them) writing tests with an in-memory db implementation is quite nice - the setup is simple and running the whole test suite is instantaneous (literally something like 1-2s for a couple thousand tests, I don't need any framework for those kind of tests).

And on the other hand if I'm relying on something like an optimistic/pesimisstic lock or a framework feature, I will write a test with the real thing, using test containers. Also have a pretty good coverage with the components that deal with queues and databases specifically with testcontainers. And on top of that just a few e2e flows written using testcontainers as well.
Various previous discussions:

It's time to replace TCP in the datacenter position paper https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33401480 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42168997

Review of Homa protocol https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28204808

Review of Linux implementation of Homa https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28440542

TCP vs. RPC part 1 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34871670 part 2 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34871710 part 3 https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35228716
Where have all the managers gone?
Virtually all legal systems are permissive in the sense that anything not prohibited is permissible. That's why basically all laws prohibit activity, and permitting activity is generally done by repealing/modifying the law prohibiting that activity.

The underlying issue here is that the state passed a law prohibiting local governments from granting rights to water to their citizens. The state prohibition supersedes the local government, so this local law is only allowed if they can find something that supersedes the state law (eg some part of the state constitution). No such clause exists in the state constitution, nor in any other state law.

If state law or the state constitution was modified to grant that right, the local law would be allowed to stand.

This is less about rights and more about state law superseding local law.
This is a valid point and it's honestly one of the things that I really enjoy about the Dungeon Crawler Carl series. One of the main character's best weapons is charisma. Multiple different types of spells or abilities are modified by secondary stats, like charisma with charm or illusion spells.

I haven't played D&D in, like 30 years, but I don't ever remember those types of game mechanics being involved. If they are now it would make for some great potential combinations. If a dwarf gets -1 INT and +1 CON, but certain types of spells use CON as a modifier then it creates an interesting combination.
Why would you want people to vote for something that disrupts their healthcare?
> Where can go that won’t be a repeat of what Daniel Craig did? Go in the past or future?

Why not just repeat Craig style? It would still be entertaining and I'd be happy without anything "new".
Mixture of Expert models, where all parameters must be in memory but only a subset are accessed per token, are a sweet spot for Macs.

DeepSeek v3 for instance has 671B params, but should have the memory bandwidth of a 37B dense model with a batch size of one.
> the best way to simulate them is simply to run them!

And it's quite sad because when you are faced with choosing between two ways to express something in the code, you can't predict how fast one or another option will run. You need to actually run both, preferrably in an environment close to the prod, and under similar load, to get accurate idea which one is more performant.

And the worst thing is, you most likely can't extract any useful general principle out of it, because any small perturbation in the problem will result in a code that is very similar yet has completely different latency/throughput characteristics.

The only saving grace is that modern computers are really incredibly fast, so layers upon layers of suboptimal code result in applications that mostly perform okay, with maybe some places where they perform egregiously slow.
Counter point, I have a 2.25% fixed 30yr but am looking to sell in the next couple months.

Reason being I’m in a townhouse. They do not appreciate at the same rate as single family detached and it also carries an endlessly increasing hoa fee.

Due to the hoa increases it also limits how well a property can cash flow as a rental so keeping the property as an investment is doubly less attractive as often you can forgo rental income in lieu of asset appreciation.
Exactly what I do. Having a local `docker-compose.yml` that helps bring up a dev and test environments is one of my first action items when hired. Paid huge dividends, many times.
It shouldn't be too hard to replace the "custom" keyboard with a ps2 keyboard and do the ps2 driver on the propeller
I'd be really surprised if most applications that rely on databases can't just use a containerized image of their production database in any environment, including CI. In fact, the only example I can really think of is when the production database can't be Dockerized (e.g. a proprietary SaaS database like BigQuery or Snowflake).

I'm working on a project that has ~22,000 tests that operate on Docker container of the same version of Postgres used in production. In CI it completes all the database tests in under a minute.
I find the X-Card most useful at conventions. When I sit down at a table I have no idea where strangers' lines are. It provides a more frictionless way to let people tell you how to be courteous, without knowing them very well.
I agree that single cache-line fetches are pretty poor for parallel vector units, but supporting the former in an environment designed for the latter doesn't seem to off-putting (the CM-5 did this).
> Having adjectives that mean the same to everyone is very valuable, actually.

Yes, and that's precisely why OSI should have invented a brand new term which they could trademark. But instead they co-opted "open source" which already had a clear, generic meaning of "the source code is available", previously without any connotations around specific license terms. And then due to that prior usage of the term, OSI can't trademark it.

OSI created this terminology mess, and personally I don't think it is "foolish" to argue with their historical revisionism campaign around it.

Edit to add: for numerous proven examples of the term being used for many years prior to the OSI's existence, read the link ezekg already posted below, https://dieter.plaetinck.be/posts/open-source-undefined-part...
Part of it is right there in the name: "pod" came from iPod. The device that was audio-only.
Use the ex-hype to kill the new hype?

And the ex-hype would probably fail at that, too :-)
Yep! And, since I provided the basis for my commentary, you don’t have to trust my interpretation.

My focus was critiquing their phrasing, which turns that 25% into 38%.

Like I said, I’m not actually an expert on this to know if the trend is what matters.
Hmmm. If you happen to know any one or org working on this, I'd greatly appreciate it. TIA
The point of mocking the database is to avoid the hassle of spinning up a database to test against. If we ignore that, why not test our use of the database? Are we disinterested in the schema and query errors we might catch?

Unit testing is useful because (a) it's easier to test all the code paths in a unit when that unit is isolated, and (b) unit tests don't need to be modified in response to changes in unrelated modules. But (a) is irrelevant since we can easily put dummy data in the DB, and (b) isn't a concern since the relevant DB schemas and queries are tightly coupled to the module in question anyway.
Where is the vertical scroll bar?
That's exactly what they are though, some piece of garbage RNA cells are producing. A lot of things meet that definition if you think about it.
> constraint violations

You call these rakes and suggest removing them from prod, I call these vital safeguards. Defining constraints at the database layer gives me confidence that these will truly be invariants, and I won't one day discover that I've got millions of rows in my database missing critical data, with no way of knowing what should be there. Been there, done that, no desire to revisit it.
> how "race" ever came to be the word we use instead of "Species" in nearly every video game I know of that has a character creator

The character creator does not let you roleplay as a tree, bacterium, moss, fish, vole, etc.

It lets you roleplay as an anthropomorphised, sentient, sapient, language-using creature, with minor visual differences - a human, an almost-human that looks like a lizard, an almost-human that looks like a cat, an almost-human that looks like a bird, an almost-human with hooves and horns, a short human, a very short human, a tall human with pointy ears, a dark-skinned human, a blue-skinned human, a green-skinned human, a purple-skinned human, and so on.

If you're Commander Shepard, you're going to have sex with all of them. I suspect the progeny, if any, would be fertile. Claims that these are distinct species that all colonised different parts of the galaxy are a thin veneer. True "alien" life would be hyperintelligent shades of blue like in HHGTTG, hiveminds like in Ender's Game, or the amazing fauna in Scavengers Reign. They would not be a human actor wearing a Cornish pasty, even if you say they're Klingons.

I put it to you that your character creator choices are all the same SPECIES, and their differences are minor genetic and cultural groupings driven by geographical isolation, which we call "ethnicity" or "RACE". And all the stories you make up playing RPGs are, in fact, human dramas. You're pretending that the story tensions aren't just ethnic tensions, but that's what they are. And when you kill orcs, drow, revenants or other "baddies", you're actually just killing stand-ins for humans. Humans that your ethnicity/tribe of humans looks down on (if you fight non-sentient monsters or plants, I'll let you off with that)
Technically "species" is also incorrect, since many D&D races can produce fertile offspring, whether half-breeds or otherwise (half-elf and half-orc have been core races for ages)
Classic spam all but killed small email hosts, AI spam will kill off the web.

Super sad.
What do you suppose journalism is and when do you propose that happened historically?
What I don’t understand is how can they ransack through unlisted and private videos?

Can they just iterate through the URL keys?

youtu.be/v=a0000aa
youtu.be/v=a0000ab
youtu.be/v=a0000ac
youtu.be/v=a0000ad
A lot of those metrics are percentages which are always adjusted for population.
Unless organization policy forces you to, you do not have to put all resources behind a CDN. As a matter of fact, getting this heuristic to work requires a non-optimal caching strategy of one or more real or decoy resources - CDN or not. "Easy" is not an option for the bot/anti-bot arms race, all the low hanging fruit is now gone when fighting a determined adversary on either end.

> I personally have never seen such approach and doubt its useful for many concerns.

It's an arms race and defenders are not keen on sharing their secret sauce, though I can't be the only one who thought of this rather basic bot characteristic, multiple abuse trams probably realized this decades ago. It works pretty well against the low-resource scrapers with fakes UA strings and all the right TLS handshakes. It won't work against the headless browsers that costs scrapers more in resources and bandwidth, and there are specific countermeasures for headless browsers [1], and counter-countermeasures. It's a cat and mouse game.

1. e.g. Mouse movement, as made famous as ine signal evaluated by Google's reCAPTCHA v2, monitor resolution & window size and position, and Canvas rendering, all if which have been gradually degraded by browser anti-fingerprinting efforts. The bot war is fought on the long tail.
100% - that is exactly it
"Fullsize sedans driven in the US" isn't the same as "passenger cars", but whatever, regardless: they're within the same order of magnitude of other passenger cars.

This small difference you're observing is likely because people drive like idiots in them. You'll see that other vehicles which encourage bad behavior have similar death rates.

My point was, their safety systems don't put them in a significantly safer category, like a bus, train, or a plane, all of which are orders of magnitude safer.
I would think one of the issues with trying to preserve pristine water in Florida is that they have hurricanes every year which can flood vast areas with polluted water.
So that was not actually pipelining, but superscalar execution. Incidentally division wasn't pipelined at all.
> for hymns written in the 18th century.

YouTube matches a lot of classical music even if it was played by a different person. I mean, I uploaded a recording of myself playing something and it was flagged. But you can just contest it and most of the time it just goes away.
> You could run all of your content through an LLM to create a twisted and purposely factually incorrect rendition of your data. Forward all AI bots to the junk copy.

> Everyone should start doing this. Once the AI companies engorge themselves on enough garbage and start to see a negative impact to their own products, they'll stop running up your traffic bills.

I agree, and not just to discourage them running up traffic bills. The end-state of what they hope to build is very likely to be extremely for most regular people [1], so we shouldn't cooperate in building it.

[1] And I mean end state. I don't care how much value you say you get from some AI coding assistant today, the end state is your employer happily gets to fire you and replace you with an evolved version of the assistant at a fraction of your salary. The goal is to eliminate the cost that is our livelihoods. And if we're lucky, in exchange we'll get a much reduced basic income sufficient to count the rest of our days from a dense housing project filled with cheap minimum-quality goods and a machine to talk to if we're sad.
http://web.archive.org/web/20241228223956/https://old.reddit...

https://archive.today/yLpMq
Hi, author of the original post here. I think I mostly agree with this. My frame of mind when writing this was about starting from scratch, without an existing mental model of computers, or much outside help. Despite the odd syntax (by modern standards,) I just think there was less cognitive load to get started with the old 8 bit BASICs, and they all had the sorts of things kids like to experiment with (sound, graphics) built in.

I also wasn’t thinking about this from the perspective of the tooling discouraging someone from wanting to learn - that just wasn’t a problem my friends and I had, but I can see how the modern tools could be more likely to inspire someone on the fence to continue.

Anyway, thanks for the comment.
There have already been high profile impersonations, one of which caused a company’s stock to dive. Another was the infamous situation where Musk freaked out over people impersonating him.

The only reason it’s not worse is because of inertia and the fact that most public figures are still using the accounts they had when verification was in place. That won’t last. It’s also why public figures who are leaving for other platforms usually opt to keep their X accounts in place but dormant.

Kanye was in fact impersonated on Twitter in the past, it was one of the key reasons behind the introduction of Verified Accounts.[0]

I have also seen impersonators for all three of those you mentioned, especially in terms of crypto bots for Trump. However those are also three of the most heavily policed and watched profiles by the company’s understaffed moderating team, who proactively monitor for impersonations. That’s not true for lesser public figures: I just searched for a hand full of well-known journalists and found several impersonation profiles for them all.

What’s worse, their impersonation reporting function does not let you report the impersonation of someone who is not an active user. I know another public figure who doesn’t have an account there, doesn’t want one, but now hasn’t been able to get them to do anything about an impersonator who is using his name to scam others.

The current model is badly broken and decidedly worse than the verification system that existed before.

[0] https://techcrunch.com/2009/06/06/facing-lawsuits-and-compla...
I would say that this paper rather supports the point: the people who made Google knew from the get go that ads were one way to make money off it (even if they didn't like the notion).

OpenAI, in contrast, still doesn't have any notion as to how to make it all profitable.
The first one that comes to mind is something I haven’t done lately but used to do constantly, enough so that I wrote a custom fuse filesystem to combine isofuse with http handling, and that’s parsing an index from something with a range request then fetching only the part or parts I want. Think fetching only the trailing index from a zip archive and then fetching the specific file you want out of a 10tb zip rather than downloading the whole thing. Now, how often would I do this on the command line? Not sure, but I might not have bothered with fuse if I’d had the option.
And sqlite is extremely lax by default (and even non-defaults are not great).
Many of these companies are just desperate for any content in a frantic search to stay solvent until the next funding round.

Is any on them even close to profitable?
Agree. Here is an article on SoIC from Anandtech [1].

Edit: [2] The tweet doesn't even mention about UMA. The interpretation is entirely made up by Notebookcheck, I feel like I am reading WCCFtech again making stuff up.

I am just thinking if this allow Apple to do something crazy like 1024bit LPDDR5x or HBM3e memory solution.

[1] https://www.anandtech.com/show/21414/tsmcs-3d-stacked-soic-p...

[2] https://x.com/mingchikuo/status/1871185666362745227?ref_src=...
Without regard to the detailed background, design or analysis, the approach of plucking a concern out of the Network/Data Link layer (prioritization / QoS) and moving it up to the Transport is a remarkably simple / clever start.

At least that's how I picture the start of the study of such a design.
You can make your own HSM using a raspberry pi pico https://www.picokeys.com/pico-hsm/

> usable by default, but reconfigurable so that you can bring your own keys and signatures, putting you in complete control of your hardware, to the point where even the manufacturer no longer has a say in what's running and what isn't.

You can control what's your TPM. That's how they work today. Sure their software isn't "open source" but there aren't that many 100% "open source hardware" options around. If you want to be able to flash it, build your own HSM. I don't know if there is a market for a prebuilt microcontroller with something like picokeys preinstalled. I know that the market for "open" hardware is tough.
Sparse Distributed Representations for Neural Embeddings
It's also how first responders deal with feeling responsible if someone dies on them. They did more than nothing, so their presence improved the odds even if the result was the same.
While I'd generally expect this to be naturally rare in dnd, this isn't the case in many other games.

Monsterhearts deals with unhealthy sexual relationships at its core. Night Witches deals with sexism at its core. Bluebeard's Bride deals with straight up sexual violence at its core. These topics are heavy and its worth having some systems in place to help people navigate them.

This is especially true with con culture, where people are likely to play ttrpgs with total strangers.
Right; it's easy to forget that superscalar CPU cores don't actually have to be in-order, but most of them are out-of-order because that's usually necessary to make good use of a wide superscalar core.

(What's the best-performing in-order general purpose CPU core? POWER6 was notably in-order and ran at quite high clock speeds for the time. Intel's first-gen Atom cores were in-order and around the same time as POWER6 but at half the clock speed. SPARC T3 was ran at an even lower clock speed.)
A few notes:

1) Lack of a garbage collector does not make your program faster, it makes the performance more easily predictable in terms of latency.

It also makes it more friendly for memory bandwidth, CPU cache and to overall memory usage, which in turn results in better performance in real-case scenarios vs synthetic/toy benchmarks. This is particularly noticeable in constrained environments (like embedded systems).

2) Zig was never about memory safety, and it is not a memory-safe language.

It might have better plumbing than C, it might add better way to implement and abstract concepts.. but so does C++, for instance.

The more striking differences between C++ and Zig, IMHO, are syntax and the ability to use the same language instead of a separate one to do meta-programming (templates vs comptime).

3) Aliasing enforcement in Rust is there for a reason.

Two examples I quickly found on Zig's issue tracker:

* https://github.com/ziglang/zig/issues/3696

* https://github.com/ziglang/zig/issues/5973
His other work "information hazards" is brilliant. Definitely a must-read if you are someone interested in talking about topics like the OSS/CIA + communications technology with people who have more lived trauma or exist in sensitive public spaces.

My PoV is that we have lived in that very system for 30-40 years. I blame a poor interpretation of "limits to growth" for most of the worlds problem (no fault of the other of course).
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/perspectives-on-poli...

insane link but i don't want to wrap it in a shortener. Check Don's website for more content.

If you really want to hop into some scary stuff check this out:
https://www.nano.gov/timeline and
https://www.carnegiecouncil.org/media/series/aiei/new-war-te...

On the less spooky more preventative side of things def watch some videos from stafford beer on cybernetics and see if any of his written works interest you.
My take is that your business logic shouldn't know about your storage tech. (Like, dependency inversion 101 right?)

> Still, using an in-memory db is way better than mocking, the tests are not coupled to the implementation details/the underlying model.

Isn't this backwards? The fact that you've backed your storage with a HashMap (which is 100% what I shoot for too) means your service-under-test cannot know if it's talking to an SQL database.
Steve Jobs Calculator Construction Set (1982)
Another Crank Comes to Visit: The Cognitive Theoretic Model of the Universe