skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The hiding habit used to bug me, but then I started splitting windows of tabs out into logical groups and it bugged me less. It's still the worst aspect of Safari though.
They're not really competing operating systems from a business perspective. Apple's operating systems are zero- or negative-margin sales that are designed to pull people into buying a very high-margin computer. Windows, on the other hand, is a high-margin product drafting behind the momentum of millions of zero-margin PCs.
You can leak that data in a number of ways. Trivially, the server might timestamp the email. Less trivially, you could position yourself on the same network as the server and just time how long it takes to receive the email (I'd opt for this technique personally). You might be able to monitor IP IDs of the mailserver to see when it sends an email (technique: http://nmap.org/book/idlescan.html). The emails themselves might have some kind of predictable sequence/message ID in the headers so you can cause the server to send many many emails and watch for the sequence increment. You could create a custom DNS server for your email domain that causes the email server to hit your DNS and log when the lookup was made. Probably other techniques.

edit: Not to mention that this chart still leaks the fact that joe@example.com is or is not a member of the site in question.
It's hard to approximate how long time you'll use, since it depends so much on what ideas you are familiar with, but I'd say that SICP is generally a nice and "easy" read for a programmer with some experience. I don't mean to say that the material is "easy" -- far from it, there's a lot of challenges and brain-twisters -- but the writing is IMO very good, and the book builds up nicely. You should also complement your reading by watching some of the videos of Abelson and Sussman teaching 6.001 (especially Lecture 1A, and Sussman's lectures on meta-circular interpreters).

Also, yeah, read the entire thing! You could skip some sections, but I would advice you to mostly move linearly from the start.
It doesn't have to be per transaction, it could be for a batch of transactions. There are also optimizations like multi-paxos that can reduce the number of round trips.
Pretty nice timing:
- Sparrow announces that they've been acquired by Google on the 20th
- on the 23th http://dotmailapp.com/ gets created (as far as i can see it from the DNS record)
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The most complete and user friendly by a long margin is racket. I remember however some problems with set-car!/set-cdr! in doing the exercises. Maybe you will need to change the language to RSR6 with #lang
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It saddens me to see OAuth 2.0 in this state. As someone who’s made really minor contributions to 2.0 (and thus listed as a contributor in the spec), I have been really looking forward to it being finished and ready for production use (where production use means no more drafts). I stopped following the mailing list last year because most of the threads seemed all too familiar or out of my realm of knowledge to contribute (read: enterprisey).

I run a 1.0a service provider and write clients against it. I’m thinking about wading through the current 2.0 draft, picking out the relevant parts to small startups with an API, and publishing a post about how to implement the sane parts of the 2.0 spec.
I really like the accredited investor rules, it selects from a smaller pool of victims.

And a wealthier pool of beneficiaries.

Wonder why the 99% crowd isn't going after these: laws which explicitly discriminate against non-millionaires, unlocking investment opportunities for the rich not permitted to the other 99%. It's disgusting injustice.
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It's a question of jargon. What does the layperson think of when they hear "directory", a telephone directory? Whereas if you call them "folders" or even better, as on the Amiga, "drawers", then it all becomes very obvious.
They claim to support .NET. But after sign up and creating an app in "Step 1: Choose an application" i can not select any .NET "Application".

So their .NET Support claim is essentially a lie ?
there are no popular alternatives. Either you are super smart and design one from scratch… or you stick with OAuth and hope that some of the addressed problems will be resolved.
Just to say, moving or tar+removing does not change anything from this point of view. A file will exist until at least one process holds it open. As dredmorbius said, use lsof if this is a concern for you.
In addition to the credentials that was listed, I'd say it's relevant as its about an engineer thinking he should try founder/executive and realising that it wasn't the right fit for him now. That could be useful for the many people thinking about transitioning down the same path.
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The fact that it is a private company is a very interesting aspect of Valve.

I wonder why there are not more companies going that route. It seems to be sort of expected nowadays that every large company must incorporate.
Norvig is only trivially right. Sure, with enough stats you can infer a lot of the structure of all the information we humans have created, and thus replicate the structure, as Google is doing with its suggest service. However, this does not explain how humans created the structure in the first place. Such a form of AI will forever being playing catch up to humans.
> The ways something can be abused are not arguments against proper use of it.

While true, the rate at which things are abused appears to be highly correlated to how convenient or user-friendly they are, or how well they solve the problem they are supposed to be solving.

Just looking at how many people have desktops crowded with every document they ever opened, or how many computer-illiterate friends and relatives have asked me how they should backup or transfer their files to and from other computers, because they don't even know you can actually get to them by other means than the 'open file' dialog in their Word Processor, signals to me that many people don't really think organizing files using folders is something they need or want.
That's a refreshing view. I fully agree. I hate it when a music player do not allow me to browse my clean and deep directory. I detest the fact that apparently no Picture manager is letting me to see my 10 years of photos in the hierarchy of my choice, that I implemented patiently in a directory structure.

And to the many comments right here that argue that people have hard time dealing with directories, I have one question: Did you ever work within a normal company (I mean, the kind of company where you have people in suit or tailleur doing ppt and excels)?

I have, and I can tell you that the most stubborn HR assistant will have his or her files almost neatly catalogued in a hierarchy, and most of the time they will be able to find the "2001 report on office expenses" directly from the hierarchy.

Granted, most will not use a clever and consistent naming convention for files, allowing to sort them properly (eg. all files prefixed by year). And that is a problem. A problem that the hierarchy solves properly, by the way.

So, I would bet the Apple/Google "no file" movement is a dead end. Worse, it is a trap. Check who will benefit from this move: Users? No. Advertisers? Maybe. DRM corporations? Certainly...
Great topic and one that has been bothering me. Can somebody answer the following question - when I have a PDF opened in app-1 in my iOS device and there is an export/share button in that app which allows me to open that PDF in app-2, does that sharing end up creating two copies of my PDF on my device? If yes, then isn't this app-as-a-silo model a little inefficient?
Can you recommend any of the apps?
The problem is not directory, it's the hierarchy.
The first time I have this described was a looong time ago when reading Alan Cooper's "About Face".
I guess this is not news to anyone who is interested in UI and UX.
Using hindsight - where would you start for web application development?
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Serialized transactions over a broad distribution of keys isn't a huge problem, but you're right: this bodes poorly for hot data. I'm more concerned about their CAP semantics: I'm sorry, but claiming multidc availability and acid transactions is not gonna work.
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We need an open open-auth for the proleteriat by the proletariat!
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We are seeing a comeback of folders within apps in the form of play-lists and photo albums. But they're smarter, synced to the cloud, searchable, sharable and auto-categorized.

The PC is evolving and it's not clear who it will work in a few years.

It's like these great touch screens to which people insist on attaching keyboards. Leading to thing like the Asus Transformer and MS Surface.

There's a lot of experimentation going on still and it may take some time before the "post PC" gets to it's final form. It's fun to watch though.
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upvote if you agree :)
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The average iOS app
You do see posts about massive profits - from companies like PayPal & Google.

These are the startups that made it.
Obvious? Then you must be in favour of Apple's move to 'at most one level of hierarchy'. Or do you find the concept of drawers inside drawers inside drawers intuitive?
I invite anyone who has anything to do with coderwall.com to try visiting their own site with Javascript switched off. It's seriously ugly and impossible to read.

Doing markdown in Javascript? Really?
Design by committee fails again.

Maybe next time it'll work!
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A lot of $1b's are invested into finding cures for diseases, you just don't read about it on HN. It's nearly entirely done by the relatively small number of very large farmaceutical companies in the world.

I forgot the numbers, but getting a single new medicine on the market is frighteningly expensiv (and it's being done anyway).

Personally, I think it's fine that meanwhile some other people are investing in companies that allow me to easily sync my files across devices.
But there's also less of a need for a big exit.
Not really - it is not very intuitive that you put folders into folders and have all your documents in one big folder containing all your other folders. And you don't have drawers containing other drawers either, in the real world.

But apart from bad metaphors, I thing non-geeks have a problem with organizing things in arbitrary deep hierarchies. You don't really do that a lot outside of computing.
The giveaway phrase here is:

"... instead of having your own structure, tailor-made for you because you created it in the first place ..."

Non-geeks don't have the time, interest or inclination to catalogue and curate these sorts of structures.

The list that the author gives of everyday items that are easy to use ("cupboards, Tupperware, boxes, closets, pockets, wallets") all have the common property that they are not recursive, and that you can easily figure out their contents at a glance, something that is impossible to garner by looking at an opaque list of directories.

While there are some good points here about the problems of files being siloed in apps on iOs, the directory structure is a ux disaster.
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It seems, from their past blog posts, that some advertised features are in "private beta" still.
I've had 6 figures in funds (but not 7) that I would have been investing in startups over the past 4 years, but I have not been allowed to because people like you think I should be prevented.

Meanwhile, any weekend I choose, I could have gone to Las Vegas and blown the whole lot in a weekend.

This is just another example of where regulation is used to keep regular people behind and to benefit the well connected and wealthy.
Then again, for many tasks, a tree truly is the best way to structure files (start broad and then home in on a file even if you have no clue about the filename or what the file contains or even the type of the file) and any file management system that doesn't recognize this is seriously flawed.

I got hooked by WinFS (then again it was many many years since I last heard anything about it), a traditional filesystem with a database layer on top seems like a good start.
It seems to be two different arguments happening. One is that the hierarchical structure is outdated and/or broken. The other is that people aren't using it correctly (or at all).

I'd agree with the later but I don't see it as a reason to get rid of file structures for those of us that do use them.
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A decent window manager.
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Hadoop can use various fast compressors such as snappy, LZO, LZ4 so as to be able to read and store data from and to the hard drives faster than if uncompressed.
You're saying users don't need or want organizing files in folders -- but then how do they not solve that non-existing problem perfectly?

Make the open dialog default to where the app last saved, make that in turn default to the home directory or whatever -- make it only display relevant file types -- done. That stuff is littered on the desktop is because dialogs defaulted to it.

And when someone wants to "backup all my files", they'll need a single-click option with a wizard either way, wether their filesystem has folders or not.

That said, I won't lie, while I have intricate folder structures, I also have a lot of "not yet sorted"-type ones. But doing away with folders would just extend that chaos across ALL my files, and also, with some stuff, there is just no replacement for them. for example, audio samples. sorting them by tags or date or anything a machine-readable just doesn't work. Get a good structure, be diligent about where you place stuff, and something like "find a good maracas sample and a flute" is no problem, with a few clicks I'm where I want to be.

Yes, metadata and databases are great, I'm all for them, but with folders you can basically apply metadata to stuff that otherwise cannot hold it. And when that database/metadata stuff gets ready to be usable for more than trivial things, why should it not be able to handle folder structures, which you can create and look at if you want, but don't have to? And if you have a filesystem where there is no hierarchy at all, why not add the possibility to nest it with metadata ("parent_id" ^^) -- ? People who don't need that, notice or need to know none of this stuff.
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Something similar is happening to HTML5 in the W3C:
http://blog.whatwg.org/html-and-html5
In my n = 1 study, I can (sadly) report that memory management is the same as it was in Lion. Some people are reporting that it's improved, but I'm not sure they ever had the evil beach ball spinning as much as I did on an early 2011 MB Pro with 4 GB of ram. Terminal, Chrome with ~12 tabs, iTunes, Spotify, Dictionary, Sublime Text, Transmission, and Notational Velocity will bring my laptop to a grinding halt. There's no reason for this. I used to be able to have three times as many applications open in Snow Leopard, Ubuntu, and Windows machines before. Mountain Lion still requires me to reboot about twice a day to be usable. I'm not sure what the hell Apple has done to its OS's memory management recently, but it makes me sad.
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What would be awesome would be a nice EPUB version.
I think this is because 9/10 people really only have a handful of files (lets say < 50, ignoring photos because they are usually managed by a separate app) that they ever deal with, so one "My Documents" folder with a sort by date option is easy enough to deal with. I don't think it's because people cannot grasp the concept of folders. Alternatively, look at email, where the volume to deal with is far greater. I would say that most Outlook users put their email into folder structures, and I have seen quite elaborate set-ups created by people that are not technical whatsoever.
I didn't want to pick a period of time that included the '60s, so it wasn't entirely arbitrary, but I didn't have anyone specific in mind. I just don't like to pick arguments with people who like things from the '60s. :p
In a perfectly efficient market, YC's marginal benefit to the economy would be described by its profits, specifically cash flows to investors. If YC was publicly held, that would then translate into the share price. If YC were a monopoly and acted to maximize profits, the marginal benefit would be in alternative to no accelerators existing at all, and its net profits would equal its economic impact.

Since our economy is not ideally efficient, we can reasonably say that the profits don't fully describe its impact, but I have no idea what sort of portion would describe the disparity. Note, though, that we would expect just as much of a chance for the profits to overreport economic impact as to underreport it. A generalized method for finding the margin probably exists in some research somewhere, and one unique to YC could probably be approximated using fundamental analysis of the company and those it affects.

We could also back into the economic benefit by looking at the spending multiplier that the company has for its operating expenses, but that would be more complex, since spending multipliers are more touchy and contentious as a means of finding economic value of some expenditure.

The way that these sorts of things are usually quantified is in terms of GDP generated and other measurables like tax volumes, which I think is somewhat unideal, but it's one of the few tools available for such a hard-to-quantify item as economic impact. A study was done on the economic impact of Eli Lilly in Indiana [1] that used similar measures, though they had their own model that was implemented and ended up coming up with around twice the economic impact compared to the GDP measurement alone.

[1] http://www.ibrc.indiana.edu/studies/20090604_lilly-report-fi...

Another problem is that the notion of "economic impact" is difficult to pin down, which is why it's usually easier to just look at more objectively defined variables like net profit, GDP contribution, or revenue/expense cash flows. The easiest thing to do would be to just look at the GDP created by an accelerator, which can be computed from the accounting of YC and those that it interacts with.

Even this is hard to work with for YC though, because YC can be said to "lose" a lot of its potential GDP contribution when it goes around founding incredibly successful companies but only being very successful due to funding the companies during their infancies, when they can easily explode in value after YC. Traditional methods of calculating GDP will have a hard time attributing these value increases to YC, even though YC made them possible in the first place. This comes back to the problem of profits and other financials not accurately representing economic impact, which is especially difficult in YC's case. It's just so hard to quantify the marginal value increase of a company going through YC versus not having gone through YC, which is the core issue.
1. Depending on search for file access for most of the time means either the user has to remember the file name to a certain extent (thereby making it a lookup system) or the file search system has to be smart enough - the former is too burdensome for the user and the latter isn't there yet.

2. Your argument is biased by the idea of using multiple machines - most people don't deal with the _same_ data on different machines. If all those machines have the same fundamental way of organizing files (i.e. through directories) then I don't see how that is unfriendly to the user.

3. File management is mostly needed in scenarios where you create/consumer a lot of files - e.g. lots of PDFs or lots of photos or lots of music. The tree-based directory structure is the most intuitive way to organize files in those scenarios. You cannot possibly claim that most people would be happy with a single flat folder system for these scenarios.

File management is of course unnecessary in cases like notes or reminders where you don't need to be bothered by organizing files for each entry in different layers of directories. But this can't be the determining factor for completely abolishing the directory structure concept.
I can totally agree. The "folder" file structure is a tree structure. This is easily understood if you have a CS background, but for new computer users it could be a huge mental step if try to explain that you can stack folders endlessly into another.

Additionally you have to think in terms of hierarchies instead of groups to make a folder structure work you.
Something like: Media > Pictures > 2012 > .....

It seems to me that Apple was never a Fan of folder structures. Just look at the way iPhoto or iTunes work. They basically are a clients to your media library.

I assume the main reason this works is because pictures and audio files already have a fairly big amount of meta data like music genre or location data.

A scenario where I can find all I worked on in the office yesterday wouldn't be that bad.
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Call 'em "boxes" or "bags" for all I care - the point is the geek word "directory" isn't suitable for non-technical people, I think everyone understand the concept of "putting things in things" because they do it all the time in the real world.