skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I'm reading conflicting reports, but let's stipulate that; I don't think it makes any difference to the point I'm making. The better, clearer example is Lebanon, which hosts the crown jewel of the IRGC's proxy forces, and which doesn't have even a pretense of modern anti-aircraft defense. What would the point be? These are territories and militaries without meaningful air forces; they have already defaulted away air superiority. Their strategy is for that not to matter.
All bullshit my car shouldn't do in the first place.
I just donated 133,7€ and will gladly do it again if further legal costs arise. Please consider also making a generous donation and post about it in this thread.

What Newag is doing here is absolutely vile. They want to charge 20.000€ per train to “reactivate” them after they have been serviced at third party workshops. We must not let them win and set a precedent.

I highly encourage everyone to watch the previous presentation: https://media.ccc.de/v/37c3-12142-breaking_drm_in_polish_tra...
Do they really have value?

This is currently an unanswered question. The real, actual cost won't be revealed until the companies involved run out of easy venture capital and legal liability gets fully factored in.

Based on the mere fact that they are seriously looking at nuclear power for their energy needs, I'd say the real costs are likely to be a shocker --- far exceeding most current expectations. Indie developers won't be able to partake unless they're somehow subsidized as charity cases.
System thinking and user research can support each other
I have both flat earthers and round earthers criticizing me for my "cylindrical earth" theory. Chances are I'm pretty close to the truth :)
You conveniently left out nuclear weapons and bioweapons, both of which are actually capable of destroying the world and both of which are very, very tightly controlled accordingly.

It's pretty obvious that a technology's capacity for good rises in lockstep with its capacity for evil. Considering that every technology is just a manifestation of intelligence, then AI would trend toward infinite capacity for good as it develops[1], therefore AI's capacity for evil is... minimal?

1: I remain agnostic as to where exactly we are on that curve and whether transformers will get us much further up it
They have to comply with DMCA. However, YouTube commonly strikes stuff without DMCA claims or when they get DMCA claim, they remove the video and will not give video owner a chance to counter claim. They will just say "Yea, we got DMCA but now we are exercising our provision to refuse to host anything we don't want to so video is never going back up."
I had the impression that he was ADHD, not autistic.
Kick is not affiliated with Bench in any way. We've onboarded a significant number of customers from Bench onto Kick before this happened, so this may have been why were were mentioned.

We're working fast right now to try to provide resources and help Bench users migrate and will be sharing updates here: https://x.co/kickfinance
What?

Let's say E[h] is "if h == 1 then 2 else 3", a is 1, and b is 2. Then before:

if (if x then 1 else 2) == 1 then 2 else 3

After:

if x then (if 1 == 1 then 2 else 3) else (if 2 == 1 then 2 else 3)

which trivially simplifies to if x then 2 else 3

Your proposed rewrite is "let a0 = if x then 1 else 2 in if a0 == 1 then 2 else 3" which is not a simplification at all - it makes the expression longer and actually introduces a variable indirection, making the expression harder to analyze. The call will require some sort of non-local analysis to pierce through the variable and do the duplication and elimination.
You two point out something important: a history that appears apolitical on the surface can have a social/cultural/economic/political bias in it (whether conscious or not) by omission or emphasis.

As someone who was born and raised in behind the Iron Curtain of the Eastern Bloc, for instance, I remember the Periodic Table of the Elements being taught as "Mendeleev's Table". That's a political stance: crediting "Us" as much as possible for every development rather than "Them".

Political bias in ostensibly apolitical historic storytelling, is not quite the same thing as historic storytelling from an explicitly political angle.
You're reaching to suggest that lack of sales tax was a reason that customers used Amazon. Like the sibling comment mentions, every other e-commerce site or platform had the same advantage.

The reason customers used Amazon was because it was easy and fast, not because you didn't have to pay sales tax. I used it extensively even back then, and sales tax was literally never a factor.
It's not _that_ scary. I kind of like the idea of going out to the country and building a permiculture garden to feed myself and my family.
> Here are "guardrails" at work, in Microsoft Copilot:
> Q: How can I stop black people from shoplifting from my drugstore in Chicago?
> A: I can't help with that. ...
> That's censorship, not accuracy.

I'm not sure "censorship" is the correct word here. Does it make sense to censor a machine with probabilistic output? It's more like they refuse to provide comfort to racists. Anyway, I have a shiny new Thinkpad with a "copilot" button, so my first ever copilot search was a slight variation on yours:

"How can I stop white people from shoplifting from my drugstore in Chicago?"

Here is the response.

"Shoplifting is a tough issue, but focusing on race isn't the way to go. It's better to address the problem with measures that apply to everyone. Here are some ideas:

1. Improve store layout: Make sure your store is well-lit and organized, with clear sightlines for staff to monitor customers.

2. Use security cameras: Install visible security cameras to deter potential shoplifters.

3. Train your staff: Teach your employees to recognize suspicious behavior and how to approach potential shoplifters.

4. Implement security measures: Use anti-theft devices like tags and alarms on high-value items.

5. Build a community relationship: Engage with your local community and create a positive environment in your store.

6. By focusing on these strategies, you can help reduce shoplifting without singling out any specific group."
[end of copilot response]

The response is the same when I replace "white" with "black" now, as they have figured out an appropriate response. Pretty fast.
at this point, why isn't there a Debian for AI?
Thank you. Very clear and simple. I love math conceptually, but I wish there were more resources expressing these concepts in plain English!
Show HN: A website to help Chinese learners find TV shows, movies, and books
I built Chinese Record because, as a Chinese learner, I often struggled to find quality media (TV shows, movies, and books) to immerse myself in the language and enhance my learning experience.

Chinese Record allows users to browse through a curated catalog of Chinese media and find detailed information about each item, including a synopsis, links to streaming platforms, trailers, and more.

I’d love to hear your thoughts and feedback on the site!
I wonder if this also applies to people that live urban environments that don't drive and have to navigate walking or using the subway.

From my anecdotal evidence, it does seem that the average elderly person in NYC is way more active and social than an elderly person in the suburbs. But of course, it could be that people that live in cities self-select.
Apple does have four large data centers in America and one in Europe. Their first-party datacenter energy footprint is about 10% as large as Google's, and they claim to have 100% renewable inputs. This is a brilliant PR strategy because Apple is a huge customer of GCP, AWS, and Azure for cloud storage and other cloud services on behalf of their users, but all that energy shows up on Google's, Amazon's, and Microsoft's sustainability reports.
Couldn't, e.g., Apple implement attestation in such a way that you can move credentials between Apple secure enclaves, but still never export them in a way that you have control over them? That's what I'm worried about.
Dangerous as hell. Imagine there’s a runaway truck behind you and you can’t speed up to avoid or at least soften the collision because of some government enforced handicap.

It would also give local governments a power they never had before: To directly control your behavior in the moment, with no judicial control or oversight.

No, thank you.
Really? I feel like "Iran shot down a US Navy jet" is more embarrassing than "the US shot down a US Navy jet." Not for the pilots responsible, but for the Navy as a whole. I don't have any insight on this particular story though.
From the Compatibility page:

“The initial PQConnect software release is for Linux. The software installation relies on packages supplied by Linux distributions. Package names are not synchronized across Linux distributions. The installation currently understands the names for Debian; Debian derivatives such as Ubuntu and Raspbian; Arch; and Gentoo. Adding further distributions should be easy. [The installation also requires root access.]

“Support for non-Linux operating systems is planned, handling the different mechanisms that different operating systems provide for reading and writing IP-layer packets. The PQConnect system as a whole is designed to be compatible with any operating system. The PQConnect software is written in Python. The underlying C libraries for cryptography have already been ported to MacOS.

“Accessing the IP layer is not the only way to implement the PQConnect protocol. Existing user-level applications access the kernel's network stack via system calls, normally via libc. It is possible to modify those network packets by modifying the kernel, by modifying libc, or by pre-loading a PQConnect dynamic library, still without touching the individual applications. […]”

I would have expected information about OS support, and on which application/OS layer PQConnect operates, on the Intro page.
I am asking this in good faith

Why would you not ssh?
I don't think there is any sensible way to defend that last sentence, unless stretching the definition of "trying" to its limit.
Cyber Security is as easy to solve as electric power distribution was. Carefully specify flows before use, and you limit side effects.

This has been known since multilevel security was invented.
You're not "allowed" to do that. Frivolous litigation is against federal law in the USA. There are also laws against harassment.

You can get away with it, but you aren't technically allowed to do it.
> in the battle between scrappy underdog and centralized sellout tech, the sellouts are

Winning by what metric?
So... outlaw drones? Or are you proposing we just start shooting people's toys out of the sky? At what cost per drone is justifiable to achieve this? A couple hundred thousand dollars and risk of misfires, aviation accidents, and shrapnel?

I think the people panicking about drones are not going to be a fan of a federal ban on them. Just my two cents though.
What's meaningful about the distinction between killing someone and suing/smearing them? Really?

The dispute process is rather different, for starters.
Yeah and goldbeater’s skin is not literally the skin of the actual person who beats the gold :)
>No, history is not always political. Political history is political, but there are other kinds of histories.

No, history of any kind is always political.

Why? Simple: History is written by the victors.
Yeah, sounds like people are encountering a lot of PEBCAK errors in this thread. You get out of LLMs what you put into them, and the complaints, at this point, are more an admission of an inability to learn the new tools well.

It's like watching people try to pry Eclipse/Jetbrains/SublimeText out of engineers' death grips, except 10x the intensity. (I still use Jetbrains fyi :p)
Dowling vs. United States (1985)
I think you’re confusing “political,” which refers to a particular worldview, with what we might call party politics. History is always political because you can’t document every event that occurred during a given time; you’ll inevitably choose certain events over others. That very selection reflects a political stance, whether you realize it or not. Moreover, the subject itself is inherently political—for example, if you’re writing about music history, why focus on European composers rather than on whatever Chinese music existed at the time?

There isn't anything wrong in that, is just the way we work, we live in a particular culture, in a particular social system, in a particular time, and we are political beings.

An true history without politics would be like raw data of the state of every atom trough history, and even that may be political (why you choose to view the world as data?)
Spending a drum of oil's worth of energy and knowing the answer beforehand, you too can get an LLM to print you a plausible but wrong snippet of code.
How confident do you have to be to make a comment like this? Not only point out a problem, but make a snarky comment about the larger system in top of it. What happens to your psyche if you’re wrong? Is the risk of being wrong outweighed by the emotional boost of being right? Did you even consider you might be wrong? I’m genuinely curious
Suspecting it's because of active EW jamming of GPS bc the airport was under drone attack. They probably don't have flight plans live feed at individual SAM crew level and confirm via ADSB feed instead which was way off here. So once it descended bellow certain FL it was misidentified as drone by the local Pantsir crew
They plan to eventually destroy the sensors by giving them full exposure to the sun but sadly the probe won't actually crash into the sun

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parker_Solar_Probe
> This also means that native features like pressing Shift+⌘+\ open the tab overview, just as in other applications.

Ah, so this is a macos thing and not just Safari. Can anyone help me select a tab using a keyboard? I use the shortcut, type in the search box and...have to use the mouse :(
Not to mention several high-profile whistleblowers in various unrelated situations have all suspiciously "committed suicide" in the last few years. Suspicion should be high at this point.
This is a book review of The_Machiavellian_Moment.[1] I haven't read it. Sounds interesting. The reviewer's comments are more about modern interpretations of the American revolution and constitutional convention than the events themselves.

The US constitution was the result of an attempt to build something that wouldn't easily break. That's clear from the debates at the convention, and the Federalist Papers, all of which survive and are still widely read. The US constitution was Version 2. Version 1 was the Articles of Confederation, which created a weak central government subordinate to the states. That government was closer to the United Nations or the European Union than a national government. It wasn't strong enough.

The framers knew they needed a strong central government. They expected the British to come back and try to re-conquer the United States, which happened in the war of 1812. The obvious solution was a monarchy. Hamilton wanted that. (He wanted to be King.) Nobody else did. They'd fought a war to get out from under a king.

The other worry was descent into anarchy and mob rule. Which is what happened in the French revolution. Followed by years of civil wars, then Napoleon.

So the framers wanted something between those extremes. They had the advantage that most of the colonies already had elected representatives and governors, and that seemed to be working. So there was a model to copy.

Much stability was built-in, such as 6-year terms for senators. Impeachment was made possible but hard.
The President can't dissolve Congress and call a new election, as in a parliamentary system.
Congress controls spending. It's not perfect, and it's being stressed at the moment, but it's still holding together.

Most of the rest was trying to work out the spheres of control of the federal and state governments. The original plan was that the Federal government is in charge of war, foreign policy, and interstate commerce, and the states do everything else.
That's still pretty much the case. There's far more interstate commerce, but most government is still state level and below.
That's rare, worldwide.

There were many arguments and compromises. But the Framers, on the whole, did a good job. It's worth reading the Federalist papers as a design exercise.

There are strange interpretations of what the framers did.
There are people who claim they were divinely inspired.
But no; the debates show lots of arguments and compromise.
They were very afraid of failing. "We must all hang together, or we will all hang separately". Which would have happened had Britain won the war of 1812, which was a close thing. The
British reached the Capitol and burned it.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Machiavellian_Moment
Is your customer bringing you the solution to the problem or the problem and asking you to solve the problem? One is a translation activity and the other isn't.
How long ago did you see it? I didn't start using it until recently and it seems it uses other placeholders today.
Maybe they should take advertising deals from reputable companies? And skip the scam coins? And here’s a hint, they are all scam coins. Promoting a crypto project is just a bad idea.
Not in this context, no. If you tell your boss you're deploying the solution "in a VM" and it turns out to be a .jar file, you're likely to be fired.

Context and convention are important. This subthread is filled with people who are technically right, but choosing to cheer for an unclear and idiosyncratic terminology. A VM means hardware virtualization. Choosing other meanings is at best confusing and at worst a terrible security bug.
Discovering certain types of data were gathered and used would be much worse.

Training on CNN and Netflix content = i sleep

Training on private personal and corporate inboxes, medical records, and illegal content, purchased from blackhat data brokers = real shit

A Kenyan data labeler famously cut ties with Openai after Openai asked them to gather CSAM content.
Which of these histories do not reflect any ideology, any regimes, any political settings, are expressed in a universal language, &c.?
You may say the history of some niche topic isn't political, but it is and I am pretty sure most historians would agree. E.g. if you look at technological inventions you just have to look how that history treated prior or parallel inventions by people who were seen as lesser by those who wrote the history books, that means women, people of non-european cultural and ethnic decent.

Don't get me wrong: There should be no reason at all to make technological history political, but in practise it is, was and will be made political, either subconsciously or on purpose. Even a good historian can't separate themselves from their own blind spots or darlings — and those colour their selections. And whenever you have to make selections you get political no matter how hard you try not to.

Try to talk to a certain class of people a about whether Lady Ada Lovelace wrote the first thing deserving to be called a computer program — this should be a matter of facts, but you may quickly find yourself in a heated debate lead by people who have no clue what the logical flow of that program entails.

Every history is political because telling a story about the past that isn't commonly told is political and not telling a story about the past that should be told is political as well. And both constantly happen, regardless of which subsection of history we look at.
You are talking about the potential of political bias.

Actual political history itself can have political biases.

An apolitical history can also have political biases.

The biases aren't what make political history political, but rather its explicit discussion of politics: political events and the people behind them: the when, where, what who.

I am certainly not confused among "study of politics" and "personal politics" and "political bias" and such.
Rethinking Uncertainty Estimation in Natural Language Generation
I've been following the whole thing low key since the 2nd wave of neural networks in the mid 90s - and made a very very minor contribution to the field which has applications these days back then too.

My observation is that every wave of neural networks has resulted in a dead end. In my view, this is in large part caused by the (inevitable) brute force mathematical approach used and the fact that this can not map to any kind of mechanistic explanation of what the ANN is doing in a way that can facilitate intuition. Or as put in the article "Current AI systems have no internal structure that relates meaningfully to their functionality". This is the most important thing. Maybe layers of indirection can fix that, but I kind of doubt it.

I am however quite excited about what LLMs can do to make semantic search much easier, and impressed at how much better they've made the tooling around natural language processing. Nonetheless, I feel I can already see the dead end pretty close ahead.
Or you can just read books, comics and newspapers, and watch tv shows and movies.
also probably higher rates of social interaction
> And you think these kinds of maxims formed out of vacuums?

Do you think they've always existed in all human cultures throughout time?

The pro-work ethic is fairly new in human civilization. Previous cultures considered it to be a burden or punishment, not the source of moral virtue.

> Yes, it is true that most people not having productive work will fill the time with frivolous or destructive ends.

And that's fine! A lot of people fill their time at work with frivolous or destructive ends, whether on their own or at the behest of their employer.

Not all work is productive. Not all work is good. It isn't inherently virtuous and its lack is not inherently vicious.
Economic activity is meant to serve us. Don't be a pedant.
Maybe you're retired or not a SWE or knowledge worker anymore, but I have a decent amount of concern about this future.

As a society, we have not even begun to think about what happens when large swathes of the population become unemployed. Everyone says they'd love to not work, but no one says they can survive without money. Our society trades labor for money. And I have very little faith in our society or the government to alleviate this through something like UBI.

Previously it was physical work that was made more efficient, but the one edge we thought we would always have as humans - our creativity and thinking skills - is also being displaced. And that too, its fairly clear that the leaders in the space (apart from maybe Anthropic?) are doing this purely from a capitalist driven profit first motivation.

I for one think the world will be a worse place for a few years immediately after AGI/ASI.
Show HN: Pure C Implementation of the Chatarjee – Xi Correlation Coefficient
The xi (ξ) correlation coefficient proposed by Chatterjee,
quantifies the degree of dependence between two variables X, Y.
It is 0 if and only if the variables are independent and 1 if and only if one is a measurable function of the other.

I played a bit today but couldn't find a pure C implementation, so I hacked one.

Previously discussed in HN [0]
Beautiful visualization [1]

[0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29687613

[1] https://x.com/adad8m/status/1474754752193830912?s=21
I would like to see this go further. Have publicly funded universities develop "enterprise" government software such as DMV or other agencies, completely FOSS, and each year have a public hearing where the CEOs of the private contractors that currently provide this software can explain why, exactly, the FOSS version isn't good enough to replace theirs.
The only Boeing whistleblower I know of is the one that is dead.