skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There's nothing smart about the current approach. The snowball keeps getting larger and larger. What started with "little green men" in Crimea in 2014 has snowballed into a war that has razed entire cities, turned millions into refugees, killed hundreds of thousands of people, and contaminated vast areas for centuries, as Iranian missiles rain on European cities and North Korean slaves kill Europeans in their home - with no end in sight.

The unwillingness to take a stand and make a credible threat of nuclear exchange unless Russians get out of Ukraine has only invited further attacks on Europe. In practical terms, the foolish "escalation management" serves no other purpose than giving the initiative to Russians. By knowing that NATO will try to defuse any dangerous situation, they can safely keep tuning the temperature to their liking. The most level-headed people have warned about this for a long time.
"Hidden interactions" in c. elegans typically refers to chemical signaling rather than electrical. Of course, chemical signaling is tolerated in all nervous systems whenever its slow speed doesn't bring down the cruel hammer of natural selection.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt17kk982
A minecraft server isn't exactly a small side project. There are some in works for 3-5 years and they are not yet complete, some have very specific features (like https://github.com/MCHPR/MCHPRS which is meant for redstone showcases). This COBOL server doesn't yet implement lighting and that's one of the hardest parts since mob generation also depends on it. It also didn't fully implement some blocks. You need years to finish a minecraft server so getting something done fast isn't the best path along the way.
It can be fun to explore the interactions of unorm and float bit representations even when you have float instructions. E.g. if you bit-or a unorm8 into 0x47000000 (32768.0f) then subtract 32768.0f, you'll get a number very close to right, just a float multiply of (256/255.0f) away. Reordering the math so that the subtraction and multiply can become a single FMA is a fun homework exercise.

union {
int bits;
float f;
} pun = {x}, scale = {0x47000000};
pun.bits |= scale.bits;
pun.f -= scale.f;
pun.f *= (256/255.0f);

This basically amounts to a software implementation of int->float conversion instructions; sadly I have never found a spot where it's actually worth doing when you have those int->float instructions available already, even with the FMA as a single instruction.

It's also worth considering whether your application can handle approximate conversion. If you have a [0,255] unorm in x, x + (x>>7) or equivalently x + (x>0x7f) will round it to a [0,256] fixed-point value. Crucially, this rounding does handle 0x00 and 0xff inputs correctly. Once in fixed-point with a nice power-of-two divisor, you can play all sorts of tricks, either again making use of the bit representation of floats, using ARM fixed-point instructions, etc. If you've ever looked longingly at the pmulhrsw family of instructions, this is a ripe area to explore.
The big news here is the training costs, $5.576m total cost, equivalent to 2788k training hours on H800 GPU at $2 per hour. This for a model that is (according to DeepSeek's own benchmarks) SOTA for open source.
We generally don't talk about downvotes... but I gotta say that it's sad that this comment was gray. Your approach to an uncomfortable feeling was to name it, and get curious. That's commendable, and you're brave to share such in public. We shouldn't be punishing that here. Curiosity, like the response of klysm, is warranted.

I've got a PhD in math and I've largely retreated from the academic pursuit. The thing that got me through my degree wasn't a drive for success or academic attainment, but love of the journey. Once I found employment, math turned dark and scary to me for quite some time, and this video was a breath of fresh air.

I hope you find a source of joy that you can apply yourself to. From such a root, you can flourish. It needn't be work, in fact, I believe that the perilous job market underlies my anxiety. My root is my chosen family, not my career. With that security, it's easier to let one's mind wander and pursue puzzles like this open problem (should they capture you). But it starts with curiosity.

Once, at a conference, John H. Conway admitted to me that he felt the very same as you for a period early in his career.

And speaking of failure: I woke up with an idea for how to approach the open problem. I hacked up some code to apply my approach to the Koch snowflake. In writing it out, I found the obvious problem with my approach (context-free punchline: spotted the division by zero before I wrote down the line of code that would have triggered it). It was fun to fail, because nothing depended on me succeeding in that effort. And spotting bugs before they're written is always satisfying.
Looks good for the first app.
WebGPU projects that don't provide browser examples are kind of strange, then better use Vulkan or whatever.
Types are somewhat a different dimension. Sort of the classic 1 dimensional argument about a 2 dimensional problem domain. Which quadrant you’re talking about alters whether the arguments support reality or argue with it.

If understanding a block of code requires knowing a concept that the team feels everyone should know anyway, then it’s not such an imposition. If the code invites you to learn that concept, so much the better. The code is “discoverable” - it invites you to learn more. If the concept is incidental to the problem and/or the team is objectively wrong in their opinion, then you have tribal knowledge that is encroaching on the problem at hand. And whether it’s discoverable or not is neither here nor there. Because understanding the code requires knowing lots of other things, which means either memorization, or juggling more concepts than comfortably fit in short term memory - cognitive overload.

You know you’ve blown past this point when you finally trace the source of a bad piece of data but cannot remember why you were looking for it in the first place.

I’m hoping the problem of cognitive load gets more attention in the near future. We are overdue. But aside from people YouTubing code reviews, I’m still unclear what sorts of actionable metrics or feedback will win out in this arena. Maybe expanding code complexity to encompass the complexity of acquiring the values used in the code, not just the local data flow.
I looked at submarinecablemap.com and there are 4 cables going from Helsinki Findland to Tallinn Estonia. Is that just for redundancy? I would think it's expensive to add more cables between two points when so many other locations are a dead end.
"Absolutely required" is some strong language. It's perfectly possible to, e.g., perform direct syscalls on Windows, and you'll occasionally see malware that does it to avoid certain forms of detection. You just have to switch on the OS version, and update your binary if you want it to be compatible with a newer version.
Out of curiosity: does this post read like LLM (generated or assisted) to anyone else?
wow good read

And interesting website in general, thanks for sharing!
I believe making paid open source code to handle interoperability with something inherently closed / paid (if not outright expensive) is a good approach. Would be users are already used to pay for a related provider anyway, and it's not like the features are so useful without the functionalities of the other provider.
In the Medium article he actually references his only PR-- a typo fix PR-- as a recent MDN contribution and to open source. Some people just have an inflated sense of their contributions.
Hash-Based Integrity Checking Proposed for Linux to Help with Reproducible Build
China's Heavy Stealth Tactical Jet
It seems like they borrowed heavily from Notion, Obsidian and RemNote, as far as I can tell (wouldn’t call it a knock-off though, since there are sooo many apps in this space that you don’t really know who came up with what anymore). But the app doesn’t feel janky to me at first glance, it definitely feels more responsive than Notion and less “slippy” than RemNote. Although it is quite noisy with all the tooltips popping up immediately.

My first impression is that they really wanted to include everything (even RemNote-like spaced-repetition flashcards, Notion-like Databases and of course there has to be AI too) and it seems like they did a pretty decent job at that. I also appreciate that there are so many export options, even for Org-Mode (preserving internal links, images, code-blocks, etc.).

I like that it provides a solid, feature-rich alternative to all the cloud-first, closed-source apps in this space. But it may be too distracting/overwhelming for my use-cases with all the advanced layout capabilities and features though. Tana is a similar all-in-one solution that is really well done (and more innovative than this one), but I always seem to gravitate toward more focussed apps.
Do you really think you should be given free access to media you want to 'consume' just because you want to 'consume' them? In my book, if something is not free and I can't afford to pay for it- I don't attempt to steal it.
agreed. Workers was one of my first thoughts but I think BroadcastChannel delivers with much lower LOE
Polygondwanaland. It’s full of dinosaurs.
> "GPU "software" raytracer"

> WebGPU

> this project is desktop-only

Boss, I am confused, boss.
I wish I had put this in my other reply. Here is a guy trying to fix used Teslas that are only a couple of years old: https://youtube.com/watch?v=5rwEIo-PWP0 If it's that difficult and expensive now, how much more so will it be in 50 years? Even the door locks are overcomplicated. When that central computer or display goes out and the only ones available are from wrecks, and you don't have the software to install them, good luck with all that. So much for "less moving parts" lol
The Linux kernel source tree has nolibc [1], a header-only C standard library implementation that is about as barebones and paper-thin as it gets and is the next step up from a pure freestanding environment as shown in this article. I've used it to create a tiny but working program that prints out the ASCII table [2] as part of my Ghidra extension test suite.

[1] https://github.com/torvalds/linux/tree/master/tools/include/...

[2] https://github.com/boricj/ghidra-delinker-extension/tree/mas...
I haven't done a proper write-up yet but this is my current technique for emitting minimal ELF files written in freestanding C:

1. hand-written minimal ELF headers, with enough asm to do `_exit(main(argc, argv))`: https://github.com/DavidBuchanan314/kurl/blob/main/golfed/el... (currently only implemented for aarch64)

2. "Linux Syscall Support" library for conveniently making raw syscalls from C: https://chromium.googlesource.com/linux-syscall-support/

3. To avoid custom linker scripts (which I hate with a passion), I embed my hand-crafted ELF within a regular ELF, and slice it out at the end (using a python script). The "container" ELF is a regular full-fat ELF, potentially including working debug symbols, but the inner ELF has none of the cruft.

Using this technique, I wrote a barely-functional TLS1.3 client that fits in ~3.5KB (see the rest of repo from the first link)
Looks like Azure is experiencing a major outage, but I cannot find anything about it.
If you look at downdetector.com you'll notice reported outages from OpenAI, Microsoft 365, XBox Live, Walmart, the list goes on.
My upbringing was pretty secular but we still did plenty of snow angels.
Using third-party libraries is usually a bad idea, and must be done so very carefully. If you do, onboard it onto your own build system, and pin it to a version you're going to provide support for and ensure compatibility with.

You should never have multiple versions of the same code in objects that end up linked together, that's a recipe for ODR.
What’s the end-user segment where Lua is more widely known than JavaScript?

Game dev, possibly (even that seems highly debatable). But the article was making the case that Lua should be more widely used outside of that niche.
Microservices only solve this because you have to serialize objects on the wire, no? You could accomplish the same within an app or lib by accepting a String and calling `serde_json::from_str` on it, avoiding the problems of microservices. Or more realistically, define your own struct and convert it to/from the dependency type at the interface boundary.
Lots of options to proxy and provide automation for certs. I'm personally a huge fan of Traefik, but I know a lot of folks use NPM since it's so simple and Nginx has great performance overall.
I've been active on Hackerone for a decade. A good report written by a human has issues making it through. These AI written reports have no chance.
> Linking against some system library is absolutely required on every other system.

Not on FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD or Solaris.

The article you linked says this but it's not true:

> Sometimes it's not even possible to use system calls at all. OpenBSD has implemented system call origin verification, a security mechanism that only allows system calls originating from the system's libc. So not only is the kernel ABI unstable, normal programs are not even allowed to interface with the kernel at all.

You can still make system calls from normal programs, you just need to list the addresses of system call instructions in an ELF section named openbsd.syscalls.
The problem here is ultimately visibility and actionability: half a dozen binaries with known vulnerabilities isn't much better than a single distribution one, if the distribution isn't (or can't) provide security updates.

Or, as another framing: everything about user-side packaging cuts both ways: it's both a source of new dependency and vulnerability tracking woes, and it's a significant accelerant to the process of getting patched versions into place. Good and bad.
Ask HN: Would you watch a real but android version of professional wrestling?
Matches would not be scripted, and wrestling moves, while similar to those already used, would be done in a way to inflict maximum pain/damage.

Androids would simulate getting tired and feeling pain during the match, so one android winning doesn't mean the other has been seriously damaged.

Would this real professional wrestling by androids be more compelling to watch than what is on offer today?
I don't think it's a fallacy.

As someone who has 2 WIP games in Rust, I noticed that getting a very minimal gameplay prototype was pretty easy (given a sane engine choice)* but then adding features made the code balloon in size. Switching from singleplayer to multiplayer was a mess. I also fell for some fads and had to waste time removing them.

And Rust really, really doesn't like heavily interconnected graphs of game objects where a game event can lead to updating multiple other types. There is friction in everything. One choice was to just live with it and write slightly more code. The other was trying to find some systematic solution that would take more code upfront and save me time later.

I chose the second options, went through some experiments but it feels like the breakeven point is way further than makes sense for a small one-person project.

*Even within one language, there can be order of magnitude differences. Rust has 2 usable 3D engines, one is well known, has dozens of contributors and gets donations that can supplant a Bay area salary. The other is written by mostly one guy who alternates between living from savings and working full time. The first engine heavily focuses on advertising and has been promising various features for years with little to show for it. The other is ahead in both number of features and implementation quality.

I think it's attitude. Some people code for the fun of it, some people have a clear goal in mind and focus on achieving it, some code for money, some code for public recognition, etc. I don't think an ugly messy codebase is necessary but there's a productive middle ground. People who focus on showmanship instead are more likely to chase fads and fancy architectures.
It's rather compelling even without the context. :(
I would highly recommend looking at his Strava, he basically logs every day and the everyday kindness of strangers along his journey as well as the bad parts. We are humans, we are good and bad all mixed in one, and his run really reflects a depth of human experience, in my mind.

https://strava.app.link/5KsFE3BoEPb
I’ve seen this and variations done by teams to implement the metric. Usually, the “biggest” friction comes from “how do we know a PR needs to be reviewed within the time frame?” To which I always want to answer: “you have a mouth, put noises through it.” Sigh, sometimes I miss the military… anyway, toxic behavior aside, this is usually the biggest thing. I have to remind them that they go get coffee or smoke at least every hour, but rarely at the same time; so maybe then might be a good time to just do a quick check for an open PR. Or turn on notifications. Or if it’s urgent, mention it in the dev team channel.

But yeah, it’s hard to get the culture rolling if it isn’t already in place nor has anyone in the company worked with a culture like that.
from the about

"Arcan is a powerful development framework for creating virtually anything between user interfaces for specialised embedded applications all the way to full-blown standalone desktop environments. Boot splash screen? no problem. Custom Interface for your Home Automation Project? sure thing. Stream media processing? Of course."

Still dont really understand what this is?
which GPUs?
Never thought I would see zoukMX mentioned on Hacker News. Funny, because I've signed up for next year for 1st time!
Definitely recommend couple dancing in general as well and dance congresses. I've met so many people and shared so many experiences ever since I started dancing and going to congresses.
> FDs really should have been opt-in for inheritability from the start, with the possible exception of stdio.

Yes.

> Inheritability being an fcntl is definitely one of the worst bits

Well, or you can use O_CLOEXEC in most APIs that create an fd.
I set up JF for music first, then added Navidrome. I then added Moode for my separate stereo speakers and Home Assistant too. Never had an issue with everything having access at the same time.
Scripting Language Startup Overhead
I don't remember where I saw the inspiration for that, but I greatly extended the idea at some point. After a small cleanup today, I thought it could bring some good discussion.

Here are the raw numbers:

Interpreter Syscall count Real time (s; x100) User time Kernel time Max resident memory (KB)
bash 5.2.37 156 0.07 0.03 0.04 3596
busybox ash 1.36.1 35 0.02 0.01 0.01 1556
dash 0.5.12 33 0.02 0.01 0.00 1556
ksh PD KSH v5.2.14 88 0.05 0.03 0.02 2376
mksh R59 75 0.04 0.02 0.01 1824
yash 2.57 93 0.05 0.03 0.02 3132
zsh 5.9 274 0.08 0.04 0.03 3792
busybox awk 1.36.1 19 0.02 0.01 0.01 1556
mawk 1.3.4_20240905 58 0.04 0.02 0.01 2444
gawk 5.3.1 103 0.06 0.03 0.03 3568
nawk 20230909 58 0.04 0.02 0.01 2592
python 2.7.18 629 0.45 0.31 0.13 6484
python 3.12.8 389 0.74 0.56 0.18 9636
perl 5.40 175 0.08 0.02 0.06 5088
raku v2024.10 657 15.40 14.49 4.07 148148
tclsh 8.6 140 0.15 0.09 0.06 5164
jimtcl 0.83 109 0.12 0.05 0.06 4052
lua 5.1.5 83 0.06 0.03 0.03 2624
lua 5.3.6 83 0.06 0.03 0.02 2620
lua 5.4.6 83 0.06 0.03 0.02 2644
luajit 2.1.1716656478 76 0.05 0.03 0.02 2680
nodejs v22.4.1 743 1.65 1.14 0.52 40664
chez scheme 10.0.0 350 3.70 2.28 1.42 47568
petite chez scheme 10.0.0 304 2.30 1.42 0.87 31056
gauche 0.9.15 2530 3.43 9.52 1.11 25228
stklos 2.00 280 2.78 2.53 0.25 12368
guile 3.0.10 1512 1.50 2.02 0.67 16148
guile 3.0.10 (compiler) 3718 5.28 7.55 1.50 33728
ecl 23.9.9 3286 3.61 5.09 0.91 12268
sbcl 2.4.11 241 0.24 0.06 0.18 19008
clisp 2.49.92 399 0.48 0.20 0.25 9556
ccl 1.13 293 0.36 0.11 0.21 16456
It's renting vs. owning. I care a lot about music, so I don't like paying monthly for it without even getting to build a real collection.

Also, it's just nice to not be at the whims of corporations and copyright lawyers. It sucks when some song you love gets taken down, or your streaming app introduces some shitty UI changes, or you find out the company you're paying has been doing unethical shit, or the monthly fee goes up, or any number of other annoyances.
Aw! Fills my heart with joy that she's inspired to code and you both enjoy it!
There was a recent thread about parsing Ruby wherein I learned that the % quoting character accepts any character following it as the opening/closing delimiter <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42032212> Crazypants.
A lot of jurisdictions even ban any item that has been printed from the Internet from being sent to a prisoner.

I was writing code in jail, but they wouldn't allow any computer books in. An elderly nun bought and smuggled "C# in a Weekend" into the jail for me so I could teach coding.
BTW why bother with TLS over already-encrypted and authenticated Wireguard tunnels? Is this just so that browsers won't complain, or do you have a more complex threat model?
Python has done the same thing for the past 10 years for fds created by the runtime (Python 3.4). But 3rd party extensions / modules may create non-CLOEXEC fds.
Well, if there is no class that seems to make sense to group them, that's an additional flag that points to additional thoughts on design. Or discussion with fellow developer about it.

Of course, on some very exceptional case, 7 arguments might be relevant after all. If that is like the single one in the code base, and after thorough discussion with everyone implicated in the maintenance of the code it was agreed as an exceptionally acceptable trade-off for some reasons, making sure this would not leak in all the code base as it's called almost everywhere, then let it be.

But if it's a generalized style through the whole codebase, there are obvious lake of care for maintenability of the work and the team is going to pay for that sooner than later.
"I take issue with that the land provided for this project was taken without the consent of any of the nations from which it was taken, which is colonialism and why it's impossible to separate Israel from the colonialist roots that helped create it"

Who was the land taken from? It was owned by the British from WWI to '48. Before that, it was owned by the Ottoman empire, before that it was an Egyptian kingdom and going further back it was the Roman empire. And at some point before that, it was Judea which was the land of the Jews. The Romans renamed Judea to "Palestine" to remove the connection of Jews to that land.

"Like, there's no reason at all (apart from latent, extremely quiet antisemitism on the part of the Allied powers post WWII that they didn't want to discuss) that all those refugees couldn't have been subsumed into any of these countries, especially America, who at the time was boasting not only the only economy not obliterated by WWII, but also shit tons of open land."

Israel was pretty empty too in 1948. There was enough room for the European refugees and the Palestinians. The 1948 partition was not the best for everyone, but it did give both Jews and Palestinians a new homeland, something neither had post Judea or anytime for the Palestinians.

A big reason for wanting their own land, was to provide a safe haven. Jews were doing very well in pre-Nazi Germany, and that changed quickly. The same could happen in the US too. There's historically been very few safe havens for Jews in Europe (And America is pretty much an extension of Europe).

I don't agree with your premise about colonialism or that Israel was created to be a bridgehead for western powers. But I do appreciate your writing and dialog on the matter.
And there's men whose heads do grow beneath their shoulders.
I mean, that is literally racism, the assumption about the man, based on his race, is that he is an illegal immigrant