skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It's just a fancy word for clamping the new reward value to within some delta of the original value. Otherwise the model ends up "exploiting" outliers that make sense to machines but not to humans. They do the same thing with PPO in RLHF.

Great article, if you're interested: https://huyenchip.com/2023/05/02/rlhf.html#3_2_finetuning_us...
TV adverts for day trading apps specifically target middle-aged men who think they know better than everyone else.

Surprise! You do not
tl;dr A greasy sales pitch with flashy graphics about how software engineers should become entrepreneurs (with his paid consulting assistance undoubtedly) and work to enrich themselves instead of an employer. That's fine as far as it goes but there are no details and nothing, naturally, is said about how perilous and stressful a path that can be. Looking at their past videos on their channel and their clickbaity titles does nothing to change the negative impression; nobody honest publishes multiple videos with a thumbnail saying "STOP CODING IF YOU WANT TO BE RICH"(sic).

One of the first steps to knowing whether or not you're ready to become an entrepreneur is whether you're experienced enough not to fall for sales patter like this.
I would get a PBY Catalina and try and turn it into a camper
I remember migrating from something else to Jira a few years ago - the guy who did the migration assured me that the old task numbers would be migrated to an extra field in Jira (at my insistence - to avoid this issue).

The old numbers were migrated but of course not displayed anywhere - there as invisible metadata that I assume has since been dropped when Jira was migrated to Jira cloud.
That is the point. The heirs have ruined the business by pissing on the founder's grave.
The argument is that the objective test is whether you can actually convince anyone to hand over money.
I saw the use case yesterday of using LLMs for spreadsheets and I paused myself to think “would I ever be foolish enough to trust the output?” I’d have to check everything myself, so what’s the point?

If o4 can’t go beyond 4x4 accurately, then anyone using LLMs for business spreadsheets or science is a serious mistake
It depends on when and where: All real estate investment is a bet on a specific location, and properties don't maintain themselves: In general, the land appreciates, while the house on top of it loses value.

If you bought a house 15 years ago large parts of north St Louis, chances are you lost money, even without accounting for said home maintenance. They one I live in didn't go up 50% in 15 years. A lot of commercial investments? Ravaged.

So while it's true that it's possible to leverage yourself more in real estate, and that said leverage is even tax advantaged, assuming that the line will go up faster than anything else in a risk-adjusted way is a very risky position to take.
Worm activity pushes the teabags to the top of the compost bin.

You said it yourself.
PDFs generally will look close enough to the original intent that they will almost always be usable, but will not always render the same. If nothing else, there are seemingly endless font issues.
I once asked my wife, "what is my purpose in life?", and she has been cracking dolphin jokes at my expense ever since.
IMO the hope shouldn't be that AMD specifically wins, rather it's best for consumers that hardware becomes commoditized and prices come down.

And that's what's happening, slowly anyway. Google, Apple and Amazon all have their own AI chips, Intel has Gaudi, AMD had their thing, and the software is at least working on more than just Nvidia. Which is a win. Even if it's not perfect. I'm personally hoping that everyone piles in on a standard like SYCL.
SQLite operates in the same process as the app. No network overhead, no socket overhead, etc.

The tradeoff is all your eggs in one basket, so to speak.
Luckily you learned the lesson when you were young and only lost $3k instead of $3M when you were old.
> when a "perfect" or near-perfect album is followed by a less exceptional performance it makes the second look bad even though it might be pretty good on it's own

The Cars, Boston, and Van Halen come to mind (though as somebody born in the early 90s I would argue that VH II is _superior_ to their debut even if saying so is heretical).
I mean you totally can be treated that way, it’s just depends on your own private matters, as in you’re not barred from having a private life, just like anyone else.
No, they are making a moral argument, and claiming their view is the objectively moral position. It’s “better for society” was the phrase.
Oh wow. No, that's heart breaking. I'll have to read up on this. Reminds me of David explaining the interesting and somewhat surprisingly insensitive language the oncology literature uses towards folks going through this. Its there for historical reasons but slow to change.

It also shows how important getting dose escalation trials are. The whole point is finding the balance point where "cure is NOT worse than the disease". A bad dose can be worse than the cancer itself, and conducting the trials correctly is extremely important... and this really underscores the human cost. Truly heartbreaking :(
> Even if you are running it all on the same machine, a separate worker queue process and a web server process cannot share an SQLite database file.

From SQLite’s FAQ page, yes they can [0]. Two processes cannot simultaneously write to it, but they can both have it open, and read. With a modicum of tuning and application error handling, you can quite easily have multiple processes writing.

> …you really need to start engineering your infrastructure because you have actual trade offs.

Step one is fully understanding the abilities and limitations of available tooling.

[0]: https://www.sqlite.org/faq.html
And I'm supposed to believe that HN is this amazing platform for technology and science discussions, totally unlike its peers...
Shitty people always have ways to justify their behavior to themselves. One of the benefits of the market is it launders this justification so nobody has to feel guilty for the destruction it wreaks on human society.

Edit: Social Darwinism and justification of the private market economy are inextricably linked. I do think there is some merit to, well, divvying resources by merit, but our current world sees such an exacerbation of resource division the idea it reflects actual merit is absurd.
A number of great apps were built by game devs.
Bitsavers[0] is a known source for these kind of documents.

[0] https://bitsavers.org
I really like Pocketbase as a simpler and locally hosted Firebase/Supabase alternative (yes I know Supabase can be self-hosted but its pretty heavyweight) except for one major disadvantage - the lack of a NULL primitive type.

There's no ability to set null as a value of an item despite null being a perfectly valid data type in SQLite (which is what Pocketbase uses).

Having to arbitrarily assign a MAGIC CONSTANT value (like -1 for example) to represent a "lack of information" in a column is kludgy at best, and impossible at worst - e.g. if all floating point values have meaning in a column, you're out of luck. The only workaround is to create an unnecessary additional boolean column isNumFilled to indicate if the data in the numerical column is valid.
This is all predicated on the guidelines actually reflecting best practices
I am guessing based on the available information of revenue combined with the info about Grammarly issuing warrants the week before the acquisition announcement. So my reasoning isn’t an exact number but an educated guess based on available information
In the Netherlands we call it a "stamkroeg", your home bar.

I've had the routine to attend one on most Saturdays and Sundays with a group of mates for 15 years straight. It's fun, relaxing and in a way also efficient if you have a large group of friends. A predictable moment where you catch up with everybody.

Then most of us had children, but we continued with a home version of the routine. We meet every Sunday, same time, and we rotate whom is hosting it. I thoroughly enjoy it because this is exactly the age where friendships water down.

And there's a very interesting side effect. This group of old bar mates effectively become extended family to the children of the hosts. They see all of us very regularly, often more than their grandparents or uncles/aunts which they typically have few of anyway.

And it keeps going. As we see these children grow up, we throw opportunities at them. For sports, work, anything.

I suppose it's common sense. When people spend regular time with each other, bonds and networks form. Common sense as it is, the modern age has few institutions to facilitate it.
Thanks for the explanation; i had never heard of it before this thread.
Slack Founder Stewart Butterfield on Games (2014)
Why Is GCC Better Than Clang? [video]
> Most paper tea bags also have plastic fibers
used in the sealant in addition to these nylon and PET plastic tea
bags. Even paper tea bags have an unsettling substance called
epichlorohydrin added to them in order to keep them from
bursting.

this is such garbage paper you are referencing, and in particular the claim "most paper tea bags contain unsettling amounts of bad plastics" screams for citations and testing method.

I guess the authors only took into consideration some bad quality local trash brand.
The javascript toolchain for dependencies and build is as arcane as the sloppiest Makefile.

It's amazing that we ended up with the javascript equivalente of autotools.
For knapsack, you can do that easily in polynomial time. Well, given a few minimal assumptions, like P!=NP; because otherwise there are no hard instances.

First, you start with an NP problem where virtually all instances are expected to be hard, like finding the pre-image to a given sha256 hash digest. Second, you sample a random instance in O(n). Third and last, you reduce this problem from the original sha256 inversion to knapsack. You can do this in polynomial time, because knapsack is NP complete.

Note for the pedantic: inverting sha256 is certainly in NP, but it's not expected to be NP complete.

Second note for the pedantic: because sha256's digest has a specific fixed size, you can technically solve any problems around it in constant time with a big lookup table. So you should replace sha256 in my example with any other problem that's expected to be hard on average.
This title is stupid. Comparisons to crack cocaine should have stopped in the 90's or early 00's at the latest. They're never made by people who have the slightest idea about what idea crack was, and whoever wrote that is extremely out of touch.

About crack: The public discourse was racist, the CIA had a lot to do with creating the problem, and in general it's no worse than the cocaine my fellow white people seem to think is so much cooler.
Long-time admirer, first-time poster.

The pump.fun team has been claiming to reporters that the pump.fun project 'is not and never has been a UK company,' which leads one to suspect they're afraid of the current Financial Conduct Authority warning against their domain - even though the organization that paid me while I worked there prior to May 16 is Baton Corporation Ltd.

When questioned about the frequency of Pump and Baton mentioned sidebyside in the Rex v. Dunn trial, Sapijuju (Noah Tweedale, CEO) said "PF never was and is still not a UK company." Then when the reporter said what about my case and my employment with Baton and Alon said "Just because he was employed by this company doesn’t mean that this company owns pump.fun."

This is an interesting twist in the story - where I've personally overheard the CEO say to their accountants 'can we just start buying houses or something? like how do we just not pay taxes' as their looming 1 billion+ in profit this financial year should have yielded the King 200m+ in taxes...

If I were a betting man I'd wager that they won't cut their nose off in spite their face, have me walk a free man for blowing the whistle on their operation before the livestreaming went out and they later turned it off instead of doing their best to moderate it. This newfound love of rule and order is a clear 180 degrees from their original stance of 'we want all the content on our platform, anything goes' as overheard on their twitter space and later published by Jack in Darknet Diaries 152.

Honestly, I feel bad for these young bucks and the predicament they find themselves in - as I clearly showed with irrefutable blockchain evidence, the winners in this whole ordeal are those brokering transactions for more savvy devs to reorder or sandwich by allowing them to bid on them in a market to see who has the ability to control the juiciest ones, as jito makes millions a day at current rates in pump-related transactions - https://x.com/STACCoverflow/status/1812949203326542138

The pump team are willing and knowing fallguys for the greater solana ecosystem to continue extracting money from the West, or my name isn't Jarett Dunn.
Thanks! I got my intro to this topic from Okasaki's Purely Functional Data Structures.
Regardless, you can still account for breakage without any formal expiry
Nice! If you blog at all your perspective would be super interesting to hear.
I imagine this line of research would be of interest to intelligence agencies. Especially when you start taking a multi-modal approach that incorporates sensors such as heart rate, perspiration, etc, then we're basically talking about pre-Judgment Day Terminators.
I think harm reduction is worthwhile. You're very correct that both responsible and irresponsible people will engage in the behavior regardless, but even if I were really into sports gambling (which I'm not really morally opposed to per se) I don't think being able to do it with strangers from my couch is worth the harm I observed.

To be frank, the adults i referred to that are being sucked into this are very easily taken advantage of: illiterate, financially illiterate, and easily swindled by that One Big Win. That really does make my stomach turn. Even just making them trek across town to the casino would mark a noticeable increase in life quality. Watching them spend literally their last dollar on gambling every night truly makes me despair. In many ways I would prefer they spend it on alcohol.

Just my two cents, of course.
Data structures as jigs for programmers (Go edition) – Daniel Lemire's blog
You have to see real compulsive gambling in action. The comparison is not so far off (but still over the top).
That’s peanuts! Congrats for realizing it early
note: appears to use an outdated esp-idf. worth checking to see if esp-drone has been ported a newer esp-idf.
> I remember insane discussions with people who thought adding two numbers with a template was "faster" than adding two numbers directly, even though the assembly language output was exactly the same.

I know almost nothing about C++ and have never programmed in it... but I thought that the point of that kind of 'template metaprogramming' was that the code got executed at compile time instead of runtime?

i.e. instead of generating identical assembly output the goal would have been to output a constant value
And it's dominated by players who (a) make a good product, (b) produce very diverse lines of printers (such as equipment that prints on fabric - not a dying industry at all, as people continue to desire to wear clothes with designs printed on them), and (c) make other things similar to printers, like sewing machines.

Examples of these players would be Epson (who also make gigantic direct-to-fabric printers) and Brother (who still make sewing machines and popular label printers to print labels to stick on packages). HP and Lexmark are not leaders in the aforementioned spaces - at all.
You are saying that if my argument cannot be conclusively shown to be 100% correct, it must be assumed to be incorrect. Way to stack the deck in your favor, champ.
If the gains are huge, it's either temporary luck or they're cheating. You cannot have long term high alpha without either. If you meet a person who can constantly flip a coin heads side up, ask them to keep going and they'll either fail or you'll find the coin is rigged.
No future for you.
You can and always have been able to .destroy() threads in java, but doing so breaks the memory model in ways that make it clear that you should never do it. My guess is that if you're kill heavy in c++, then you've also run into bugs waiting on locks of threads you've now just murdered. That's why there's a ton of great abstractions for how to "kill work running somewhere else" that doesn't leave your application in a potentially unstable state.

Java 9+ sure did kill off a lot of things that weren't particularly ideal. Most normal devs who don't write libraries probably can't even name a single feature removed (corba, script interpreters, some jmx cruft, etc). Most of what was culled still exists in libraries that could easily be added back with project imports. Maybe Java applets are super dead now? I don't believe any modern browsers still support native plugins, but maybe there are some niche individuals bemoaning the loss of java web start.

As for the "can still deploy code" comment, the same applies to java. Look around, and sadly you see very old releases of java still in use today. My guess is that if I fired up a java 1.0 compiler and JVM today, it would run on my PC (poorly).

Before criticising something, please consider being well enough informed to warrant the comment.
Thank you to everyone who worked on this. One of my favorite games growing up, I’m glad to know it’ll be around to show my kid.
Dupe (57 points, 5 days ago, 52 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42453743
The most difficult part about the stock market is that stocks don't move for the reasons people think.

People think fundamentals, news, financial performance, or chart patterns matter. But none of it does.

Markets are driven purely by supply and demand. And in this case, supply and demand for the stock itself.

Fundamentals are already priced in. Financial performance is already priced in. Expectations are priced in, and others probably have more information than you anyway. Other people also watch chart patterns and place their bets based on that.

What you're betting on is whether the market is right, or wrong. Or whether other investors will think the market is right or wrong.

Edit - the other part of it is that Wall Street firms hire tons of people who are incredibly smart, have math, economics and finance degrees or even PhDs, hire software engineers and spend hundreds of millions on infrastructure just to know the market better than you. You're not smarter than all those people put together.
Sim is how we get to ASI. But physics is hard. In the meantime is anyone hiring a bunch of people to wear motion cap suit, cameras and mics 24x7?
I understand the concept of AI model collapse caused by recursion. What I’m proposing goes beyond a basic feedback loop, like repeatedly running Stable Diffusion. Instead, I envision an AI system with specialized expertise, akin to a scientist making a breakthrough based on inputs from a researcher—or even autonomously. This specialized AI could then train other, less specialized models in its area of expertise. For example, it might generate a discovery that is as straightforward as producing a white paper for interpretation.
If there is an virtual "scientist" that is trained on DNA for instance, could come up with a discovery for a treatment. This gets published, circulated and trained in to other models.
This isn't the kind of inbreeding that you suggest as the answer is valid.
Wait until the WSJ discovers memecoins.
They’re only machine-readable in the very weak sense that all computer files are machine-readable.
The C++ 'std::optional' type makes calling 'v' undefined behaviour if 'v' is empty*

Are you talking about dereferencing a null pointer? That is going to case a low level exception in any language, it has nothing to do with std::optional.

every time you write v[x]=y you aren't inviting the possibility of arbitary memory corruption

That's how computers work. You either pay the penalty of turning every memory check into a conditional boundary check first or you avoid it all together and just iterate
through data structures, which is not difficult to do.

Also debug mode lets you turn on the bounds checking to debug and be fast in release mode.

The reality is that with a tiny amount of experience this is almost never a problem. Things like this are mostly relegated to writing your own data structures.
I think the alternatives haven't had the same depth of scrutiny as BPA. I just skimmed the beginning but this points to some issues with alternatives [0], I feel like I've been hearing about BPA and alternatives for over a decade, the speed that we move to protect ourselves and the environment is so slow compared to how fast we can turn out shiny new technology, and once an industry is on its feet theres always money to bury science that doesnt support the new product.

[0] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014765132...

(Edited to share my hypothesis)
You seem to have excluded the possibility of a "Top 10% of the Internet" tranche.
We've all been there. The house always wins.
There might be multiple interpretations. Mine was that the colleague whom management is gaa-gaa about, makes flashy presentations, and seems much smarter and quicker than us, but whose work is usually incorrect and often damaging, is AI.

In Kafka's The Castle, the protagonist is sent two assistants by the local government, and (spoiler alert) they thwart everything he tries to do, and end up killing him.
It won't be long before you'll have people who learn English with ChatGPT and then it'll get even more confusing.
Watch live (13 points, 7 hours ago) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42497069