skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Because the meaning of "atomic" didn’t change, nor did the meaning of 1NF.

So what is the meaning of "atomic"? Are array-typed values atomic? (I think you can treat it that way, a lot of lists are immutable in different programming languages.)

> But he betrays very little knowledge of the relational model.

This is absolutely possible. Let me ask a couple of questions to borrow from your understanding of relational model.

> Repeating fields, which he proclaims as some kind of innovation, violate 1NF. They’re not atomic.

Sorry, what is "repeating fields"? I don't remember ever using this, how does it look like? Are you talking about array-typed columns? If yes, then why are they not atomic?

Also, I don't think I proclaim absolutely anything is "kind of innovation"? Postgresql supports array-typed columns since 2001, and it was planned in 1986 already as part of other "post-relational" features.

Two schemas "(instructor_id, List<skill_id>); PK(instructor_id)", and "(instructor_id, skill_id); PK(instructor_id, skill_id)" are isomorphic, thus I may be wrong but I don't see any anomalies here.

> Maybe the easiest way to understand it is that the list of languages can’t be used in SQL. If one teacher speaks Italian and French, SQL won’t find WHERE LANGUAGE = ‘FRENCH’.

Ah, so you seem to be talking about array-typed columns. I mean, you can find it easily by using "WHERE languages @> ARRAY['FRENCH']". The difference is mostly syntactical.

If you think that you are not allowed to access single elements of "languages" array because it violates "atomicity" of the value, then we should also say that you're not allowed to use queries like "WHERE name LIKE 'A%'", because they violate the atomicity of a string value. Don't you agree?

> SQL doesn’t recognize repeating fields in a column

Array-typed columns appeared in ANSI SQL:1999, a quarter of century ago. I'm not sure what you're talking about.
Not only beginners. I work with large teams with almost only seniors (10+ years of
programming job experience) for large corps who don't know what 4nf is; they just chuck stuff in a table, update the same data across multiple tables, don't use indices or cascading rules etc. Everything is in code; the db just stores it, badly. They threat everything like it's mongo and this doesn't even work in mongo (no indices and it dies as well of course).

4NF was explained confusingly because it's quite complex theory. The fact the author says 'to be best of his understanding' it is 4nf is kind of telling.

With many things in software dev; it all doesn't matter until it matter. With few records and few users, like the average department LoB crud thing, it's not really a problem; it will be when either or both grow. My 'colleagues' (I am external) claim to know all this stuff, but in reality there is no proof they do; I have never seen them do things correctly with respect to dbs or software in general. That makes me a lot of money, but it is depressing really.
So you're saying the fake advert in Friends wasn't far off: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uOy2lrJqKGY
Discord groups and telegram groups are the main places these days? No different than previous generations hanging out on IRC or before that BBSes. It is how I got my start in coding at a young age.
We're talking about a web browser, right? What workflow?
The French government held a design competition [1] [2] to gather proposals for a new spire, so the assumption at the outset was not that it would be a mere restoration.

> “The international competition will allow us to ask the question of whether we should even recreate the spire as it was conceived by Viollet-le-Duc,” [prime minister] Philippe told reporters after a cabinet meeting dedicated to the fire. “Or, as is often the case in the evolution of heritage, whether we should endow Notre Dame with a new spire. This is obviously a huge challenge, a historic responsibility.”

However, the senate passed a bill explicitly requiring that the traditional design must be used [3].

[1] https://www.archdaily.com/916723/the-peoples-notre-dame-cath...

[2] https://www.archdaily.com/915355/france-announces-competitio...

[3] https://archive.ph/HgTvo
Thank you for the detailed reply based on your research!
Terrorism is political policy designed to make everyone terrified "they could be next". If a random person on the street gets shot that's terrorism, but if Adolf Hitler gets shot that isn't terrorism since most people aren't Adolf Hitler and don't have to worry about being treated the same way. Somewhere between these two points is a dividing line.
> That being said air is free because it's a mirage, the sun powers plants and animals to continuously recycle it but once that source runs out then we hit a limit.

> And people pay for water because there is a limit on it.

Both exist in massive quantity in the asteroid belt. Europa has larger oceans than Earth. Your personal financial limitations aside, I was talking about what the human race can accomplish as a whole when we set our minds to it.

> All humanity has been doing is optimization. Best utilizing what we already have to delay the impending termination of when humans hit the final limit.

Final limit? Never heard of it. Is that a band name? The https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kardashev_scale considers a type III civilization capturing and using all of the energy emitted by an entire galaxy. And folks have proposed larger more capable civilizations yet.
Keyboard is not only faster, but requires less attention.
If your "problem" is so insignificant that you're not even aware that there exists a category of products that might "solve" it, it sounds to me like you don't actually need the product.
And notably, it runs much better on the hardware of its time than GTA4, RDR1 did on its hardware or GTAV did initially.
Haven't used it yet. But seeing as both Yugabyte and Cockroach being mentioned...

pgEdge: https://github.com/pgedge/pgedge
Demo: https://youtu.be/Gpty7yNlwH4?t=1873

Not affiliated with them.

I recall that aspirationally pgEdge aims to be compatible with the latest pg version or one behind.
Not sure about the CLA process, but the database is already under a restrictive, proprietary license:

## Free Trial

Use to evaluate whether the software suits a particular
application for less than 32 consecutive calendar days, on
behalf of you or your company, is use for a permitted purpose.

https://github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db/blob/master/licenses...

It's not really clear what this means (what is a permitted purpose?), but it seems the intent is that after 32 days, you are expected to pay up. Or at least prepare for a future when the infrastructure to charge customers is in place (if it isn't there yet).
Run your kitchen exhaust fan, and wipe up after?
The UI also very temptingly looks like all the website can do is use the device for its intended function, because that's how normal users think and how it should work. But most devices were built with an assumption of trust between the driver and hardware, and now suddenly there's a security boundary there. With this there's an untrusted agent interacting with a device that may have vulnerabilities, which can itself then also interact with vulnerabilities the host may have towards USB devices.

It's not that this can't be done, it's that this is changing the rules that existing security is built on.

I would try to make it work with whitelists and/or restricting the functionality to browser add-ons rather than plain websites. Both add extra checkpoints where some security can be added back in, or rather perform this "weakening" of the previous security boundary in a more controlled manner.
Reminds of the rediscovery of Tekhelet in Israel.

https://www.tekhelet.com/tekhelet-timeline/
In this case, he said it's a fun and interesting way to add resiliency to the existing co-location they have.

I frequently see people default to AWS, without any consideration of any other options. If you're running beyond a couple of small EC2 instances, it's worth looking at other options such as colocation. 37signals wrote about their cloud exit and how much they saved.
The intended way (when image floats above background, closer to you) - no. I can see images if I cross eyes and let patterns merge. However, this way images appear below background and are harder to recognize.
> He's proud of criticizing Trump, but likely never criticized Biden or Harris.

Is that not permitted? I suspect there are one or two people who were proud of criticising Harris who didn't criticise Trump. Are you going to call out them too?
Yeah, it is true for some definition of "a lot", but still is a minority, a number of countries much smaller than what should be according with that opinion. Nonetheless, it is funny how before US had the urge to do the same to control which parties should be allowed to mass spread messages within its borders, the common sense and default ideology was that those bannings in the Internet were a proof on how evil and dictatorial these countries were, in contrast to how free were the USA. But unsurprisingly, perceptions and ideologies always change with time, always based on how convenient and useful they are for the powerful.
Please post screenshots or a video/gif of it in the main Github README.md. Would make this post so much more popular.
That's good to know. I haven't touched Java myself in years, but at work I hear of developers complaining that our code runs on Java 11 and they haven't been given the time to move it to a more recent version.

Personally, I've encountered great difficulties with some old SAN software that required a Java 6 web plugin that I couldn't get running on anything other than Internet Explorer - I kept an XP VM with the correct version just for that. I suspect a large part of the problem was the software incorrectly attempts to check that the version is at least 6, but fails when the version is newer (they obviously didn't test it when later versions got released).
Thanks. I think that only covers the commercial bits they run themselves though:

"The entire database with all its features (including the enterprise ones) is licensed under the Apache License 2.0

The binaries that contain -managed in the artifact and help run a managed service are licensed under the Polyform Free Trial License 1.0.0."

EDIT: formatting
> At least with minimum wage you could say the risk of losing their job is justified by higher wages.

Slightly increasing minimum wage mostly just saves the government money. After taxes it’s close to 1:1 with reducing benefits until well past current minimum wages. Larger jumps are seen as risky.

Theoretically there’s a number large enough for significant impact that’s still safe, but nobody wants to risk trying to find what it is. So how do you find a good number that does more than just save the government money?
The comments got me already antagonistic towards the project.

But what I saw was quite nice.
I mean I won't switch my default browser but there were some good ideas.
ctrl+shift+right click overrides any such js
No, the spec states that you MAY resolve the inconsistency. For non-critical tags it would be acceptable to interpret it as either "2022-07-08T00:14:07+01:00", "2022-07-08T00:14:07[Europe/Paris]", throw an error, or ask the user for clarification.

Throwing an error is the only thing you can reasonably do because you're dealing with invalid data. Yes, there is the "critical" flag, but that's not helping much. There should not be an opt-in "don't corrupt my data" flag because there aren't any scenarios where you don't want it to be set.

Having the option with an opt-in flag should never happen. Having it with a mandatory critical flag is a bad idea, but not horrible. But if you're designing a new standard, why not just avoid the whole problem altogether by simply not introducing the whole concept of inconsistent timestamps in the first place?
That sounds both great and horrifying
Has Unreal Engine 5 just been beaten for realism?
Yeah, I was thinking more in Europe and some countries in Latin America, which I know more. Not in Eastern Europe, where after the end of Soviet Union, a shock treatment were applied, creating a free market without any restrictions.
> They may also recognize that eating humans comes with unknown risks because they are pretty observant of what humans are capable of.

Idk about that. We have some skills but orcas see basically none of them. From their perspective we are slow and bad swimmers who need to breath all the time.

Would an orca even understand that we made and control boats/ship as opposed to that humans live on boats/ships the same way fleas live on a dog?

Mind you, i’m not saying orcas are stupid. What I’m saying is that the slices of our life they can observe are not impressive, and the impressive things we do are not readily observable to them.
CS Lewis: An unseen essay on truth and fiction
1m³ ≈ 264 gallons, so it seems they forgot to multiply by the 600.
I think part of the issue is that the people who want simple non-SUVs are the people who mostly buy used cars.

The majority of people buy their cars used, but the car makers make the cars they can sell to the minority who buy new cars - and they have very different tastes. New car buyers like gadgets and they like SUVs.
Independent courts, not the government, need to determine truth, along with penalties for lying or abusing the system. Any government, not just totalitarian ones, will abuse it if they have opportunity. Just have to hope the courts remain independent or that people notice if the government attempts to nobble the system. There are a number of regions with laws like this that haven't descended into totalitarian states.
Discussion on Advent of Code LLM Cheaters
The FAQ for Advent of Code disallows using LLMs to get on the global leaderboard; nevertheless, many users have done so, obtaining clearly impossible times day after day.

A community member emailed Eric (AoC's creator) about the problem and posted the entire email exchange with permission. One particular comment from Eric stood out:

> people this year have been emailing me to explicitly state that they see the request to not use LLMs, but that they do not respect me or my work, and as such will be using LLMs to place on the global leaderboard regardless of what I say.

Why are people being such jerks?
Where did the 700k number come from?

This was a discussion about "prior probability", according to the terminology that you introduced. I pointed out that if you really want to use "prior probability" then you have to take into account the, well, prior. probability. Of the two events you're considering.

Even if you insisted on the 1977 virus being an instance of a lab escape causing a pandemic, the prior probability of that kind of event would stay zero, maybe with a desultory and lonely 1 after three or four decimal zeroes. So, zero.

Are you using "prior probability" in a figurative sense? Are you saying that we should set our priors according to personal preference rather than observed frequency of real-world events? If so, well I guess you're a true Bayesian then and I salute you, but please make that clear.

>> That's not a meaningful statement.

Yeah, thanks a lot for the respectful debate there. You should read again the bit where I point out the difference between prior and conditional probabilities and if you really want to use the terminology "prior probability" make yourself more familiar with it.
Modernizing was the least anachronistic option indeed! Cathedrals used to evolve and expand over time. Now they are frozen in time. Just like the political state of the church.

Major conservative donors blocked any attempt of modernization of Notre Dame. They insisted on reusing lead for the roofing. Highly inflammable wood for the hidden frame.
So the free "plan" is not only restricted in functionality, but is only available for two weeks?
I tried c25k twice and it never clicked. What did was getting a garmin about 3 years ago, running by heartrate and keeping it low, even though the pace was excruciatingly slow (8 or even 9min/km).

You build up from there. It takes years but you get there.
Not sure if anyone else remembers uzbl but I'm sad that didn't catch on. Will give this a go I guess.
This is a very good graphical demonstration (especially the merged cells), thank you.
It is also a variation "2b" from Kent's list (just for reference).

I think that the textual demonstration of the same effect could be found in https://www.cargocultcode.com/normalization-is-not-a-process... ("So where did it begin?" section). I rediscovered this blog post after I published the article.
That's a false dichotomy. I'd rather have a physical keyboard and a physical mouse (or touchpad).

The "line up the two axis" thing is immaterial, and has no practical impact on actual productivity.
Running llama3.3:70b here on a pair of eBay Dell RTX3090s in an old (2012!) i3770 workstation - ollama reports 16.67 tokens/sec.
Yes. Here's the full process I went through:

1. The recruiter sent me email suggesting I reapply to Google. She asked for my resume and put me on track to apply for an entry-level position.

2. I had a phone screen. (1 interview, over the phone, graded to a lower standard.)

3. The recruiter informed me I passed the phone screen and scheduled the round of interviews. (5 interviews, back to back over one day, over some kind of internet platform.)

4. I had the round of interviews.

5. The recruiter informed me that I had passed, excitedly wished me congratulations, told me to expect a job offer within six weeks, and told me that I'd be having some "team fit" interviews over the intervening period.

6. Weeks of radio silence.

7. When I inquired what was going on, she asked me if I could provide an altered resume explaining my employment gaps.

8. More weeks of silence.

9. She called me and informed me that although I had passed the interview process, my interview scores were not high enough to qualify for a job.

As to the question of whether there might be more than one round of interviews, I complained about this treatment to several people who worked at Google, and I've been told by multiple of them that the recruiter was correct about the process and there are no further rounds.
I am one of those masochists frequently with 200+ tabs open and Firefox does an excellent job managing them.

Prefix a query with '%' to search only within open tabs.
We'll see if any of these show in statistics like average life spans and mortality rates.

We'll see if AI helps in productivity (e.g., per capita GDP): the book shows data that says that computers and the Internet had effects, but they were done by 2004 (book was published in 2016, and had numbers until 2014).
For best ergonomics, both should be well supported.

If I'm programming and want to look up something in the docs, then it's annoying to switch to the mouse and then back, but I pretty much have to with traditional browser UI. (Or tab through a million links to find the right button to click, use cursor keys to scroll, etc.)

Similarly, if I'm just scrolling around with the mouse, then I should be able to do everything that I can with the keyboard (apart from text input). The context menu is good for discoverability, but being context-dependent makes it impossible to rely on muscle memory.
The whole point of fixers are that you pay them a high price and they have a lot of connections and knowledge and can make things happen, and a reputation of discretion to uphold.
Climate patterns from cave mineral deposits linked to Chinese dynasty collapses
> Europa has larger oceans than Earth.

Then move to europa. I for one will stay here and enjoy the abundance of n-1.
ChatGPT can't read stereograms yet, so this would be a nice captchas, if only most humans could read them too.
It's an elitism thing. Notice the terminology "investing time to dramatically speed up workflow". This is the mantra that the keyboard-only adherents have latched onto, and extend to EVERYTHING, including things that are perfectly serviced via mouse control, or don't even need speeding up.

Arguing with them is like arguing with audiophiles.
To support you, I will provide an example. Canada's health care system was started by just one person. His activism and relentlessness is what forced Canada to adopt it.

"Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world; indeed, it's the only thing that ever has." — Margaret Mead
Great that nobody can track, or easily contribute to, the underlying postgres bug, because postgres has no issue tracker.

Keeps the number of reported bugs nice and low. The discussion of critical bugs that lose your data is left to HN and Twitter threads instead.
wrote a blog post on using DSPy and why it’s powerful. tried to keep simple, understandable, concrete.

https://www.darinkishore.com/posts/mcp#building-tools-that-l...
It is the 8th of December 2024. I schedule a meeting for the 1st of August 2025 at 09:00 local time.

Your calendar app looks up my timezone. I live in Europe, so at the 1st of August 2025 I'll be observing summer time, so I'll be using CEST - which is UTC+2:00. You convert it to the Unix timestamp 1733658933 and store that.

It is February 2025. The EU passes legislation to abolish summer time.

It is March 2025. Your app gets a timezone file update.

It is the 1st of August 2025. Your app retrieves the timestamp for the meeting, which occurs at 1733658933. You convert it to my local time. I live in Europe, so I'll be using CET, which is UTC+1:00. You convert it to the 1st of August 2025, 08:00 local time.

I am an hour early for my meeting. It is your app's fault. All timestamps converted from CEST are incorrect. You didn't store the original timezone, so you have no way to correct it. You get thousands of angry emails, and everyone abandons your app.
It would be awesome if you could do the same test with Stolon!
I remember when these things first came out and they were everywhere. I've never ever gotten them to work for me.
Tiger-Assert: NPM Package to Assert with Context. Inspired by Tiger Style
Malaria has absolutely nothing to do with food or drink.
> if you don't express the update rules in a database schema, it must be in the application code. Subtle errors are more likely in that case.

This is a common sentiment but I think that you can always demonstrate a use case that is very much practical, not convoluted, and could not be handled by classical features of relational databases, CHECK primarily (without arrays of any kinds).

A couple of examples is outlined here: https://minimalmodeling.substack.com/i/31184249/more-on-stru...

Basically I'm currently pretty much sure that it's impossible to "make invalid states unrepresentable" using a classical relational model.

Also, I think that if your error feels subtle then you should elevate the formal model to make it less subtle. You can have "subtle" errors when the checks are encoded as database constraints too.
I can't tell how this would work, given that the URL in the screenshot uses https for the website (yes the .ac.jp one). GFW is powerful, but it can't just do MITM however it wants. Most of what it does these days is blocking based on known domain names/IP addresses/traffic pattern, not magically reading E2E encrypted content, for a single page out of a domain. If there is a problem with the content, with https, the entire domain gets blocked (which is a bigger problem), not just that single page of the site. GFW doesn't even know which page you are reading.

It might be true back in the day when most of the traffic is in HTTP, and Wikipedia pages would be blocked simply based on the URL which contains the page title. But this story just doesn't make any sense.

PS: The article says "That means there’s a strong possibility that the admissions page wouldn’t load for Chinese students ..." it either loads or doesn't load, which is very easy to verify. But all it says is "strong possibility". What kind of nonsense is this? If you want to write about this topic, use some concrete evidence to prove that.

To people who downvote me: provide your technical analysis instead of just disagreeing like a coward